A method and system for collaborative exploitation of bauxite resources under a residual mining area of a coal seam

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of bauxite resources under coal seam residual mining area collaborative mining, especially relates to a kind of coal seam residual mining area under bauxite resources collaborative mining method and system.Method includes: obtaining the engineering geology profile, hydrogeological condition, structure and mining influence situation of coal seam residual mining area, coal-aluminum interlayer strata and bauxite layer, form coal-aluminum space data;Utilize unmanned aerial vehicle to carry three-dimensional laser scanning equipment, gas sampling equipment, high-definition camera equipment and small water exploration equipment to carry out non-contact detection, generate residual mining area detection data;Establish hidden danger account book, combined with measure roadway, detection borehole, borehole peep, borehole core and rock mechanics test form interlayer evaluation data, and get stable partition data by rock quality index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, floor damage depth and hidden danger area correlation evaluation, generate collaborative mining scheme.The present application effectively improves the matching of mining scheme and hidden danger area, interlayer stable state and mine room and pillar arrangement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of co-mining technology for bauxite resources under residual coal seam mining areas, and particularly to a method and system for co-mining bauxite resources under residual coal seam mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of co-mining technology for bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas, existing schemes typically acquire engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions, and mining-related impacts. These are combined with on-site assessments of goaf morphology, remaining coal pillars, water accumulation areas in the goaf, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points, and roof fracturing. However, these methods suffer from limitations such as insufficient connection between residual mining area detection data and inter-layer evaluation data, insufficient correlation between hazard records and stable zone data, and insufficient correspondence between stope and pillar layout and hazard areas. Existing methods largely rely on engineering geological overview and local detection records to determine the mining and recovery sequence, resulting in the difficulty of directly constraining co-mining schemes with stable zone data.

[0003] In scenarios where coal seam residual mining areas, interlayer rock formations between coal and aluminum and bauxite layers overlap, the areas of water accumulation in goaf, gas accumulation areas, potential spontaneous combustion points, and roof fractures often intersect with the locations of leftover coal pillars, mine pillars, and mine stops. This can easily lead to unclear scope issues for directional drilling for drainage, grouting for sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, and interlayer grouting reinforcement. It can also cause unclear correspondence between open-field and filling method zoning and stable, basically stable, and unstable areas, making it difficult to meet the requirements for the stable generation of collaborative mining schemes.

[0004] For the joint processing of inter-layer evaluation data, stable zoning data, and collaborative mining schemes, existing technologies generally lack a process for continuously transmitting the evaluation results of rock quality indicators, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, floor failure depth, and hazard areas to directional drilling diversion, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement, vertical projection correlation of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, stope and mine pillar layout, open area method, and filling method zoning. It is difficult to form a consistent process of acquisition, detection, recording, evaluation, zoning, and processing in the scenario of collaborative mining of bauxite resources under coal seam residual mining areas, resulting in a disconnect between stable zoning data and collaborative mining schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for the coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas, comprising: S100: Obtain the engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions and mining impact of the coal seam residual mining area, coal-aluminum interlayer strata and bauxite layer, and perform spatial distribution correlation processing to obtain coal-aluminum spatial data. S200. Based on the aforementioned coal and aluminum spatial data, a drone equipped with a three-dimensional laser scanning device, a gas sampling device, a high-definition camera device, and a small water detection device is used to perform non-contact detection processing to obtain residual mining area detection data. S300. Based on the residual mining area detection data, process the goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points and roof breakage records to obtain a hazard ledger. S400. Based on the aforementioned hazard log, measures such as roadway layout, detection drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing are carried out to obtain interlayer evaluation data. S500. Based on the interlayer evaluation data, perform RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, base plate failure depth and hidden danger area correlation evaluation processing to obtain stable zoning data; S600. Based on the stable partition data, perform directional drilling for drainage, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement, correlation of vertical projection of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, layout of stopes and mine pillars, and partitioning of open area and filling methods to obtain a collaborative mining scheme.

[0006] Furthermore, the residual mining area detection data includes the goaf morphology, location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the coal pillars, gas concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, roof fracture condition, goaf water interface, water level, water volume, and water distribution range.

[0007] Furthermore, the three-dimensional laser scanning device collects the morphology of the goaf and the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars; the gas sampling device collects the methane concentration and carbon monoxide concentration; the high-definition camera device collects the roof fracture condition, coal pillar integrity, and water interface in the goaf; and the small water detection device collects the water level, water volume, and water distribution range.

[0008] Furthermore, the hazard log includes records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof breakage, and fissure channels. Each record includes the location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite mining area.

[0009] Furthermore, the roadway is arranged along the strike of the bauxite layer, and the detection borehole is constructed from the roadway toward the bottom of the coal seam residual mining area. The borehole is used to inspect and identify the characteristics of fracture development and the distribution of fracture zones, and the borehole core is used to statistically analyze the RQD index.

[0010] Furthermore, the interlayer evaluation data includes interlayer thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and base failure depth; the physical and mechanical parameters include uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle.

[0011] Furthermore, the stable partitioning data includes stable regions, basically stable regions, and unstable regions; the stable regions correspond to the open-field method partitioning, the basically stable regions correspond to the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement partitioning, and the unstable regions correspond to the filling method partitioning.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned collaborative mining scheme, the water accumulation area in the goaf corresponds to directional drilling for drainage and grouting for sealing, the gas accumulation area corresponds to directional drilling for gas extraction, the potential spontaneous combustion point corresponds to nitrogen injection or grouting, and the basically stable area and the unstable area correspond to inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned collaborative mining scheme, the bauxite pillar is located within the bearing area or stable area corresponding to the vertical projection of the remaining coal pillar, and the bauxite stope is located outside the water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hazard point, and unstable area of ​​the goaf. The mining and recovery sequence includes advancing from the stable area to the unstable area, mining the stope first and then mining the pillar, segmented recovery, and simultaneous recovery and backfilling.

[0014] Furthermore, a collaborative mining system for bauxite resources under residual coal seams, applying any of the aforementioned collaborative mining methods for bauxite resources under residual coal seams, includes: a basic data acquisition module, a non-contact detection module for residual mining areas, a hazard log generation module, an inter-layer evaluation module, a stability zoning module, and a collaborative mining scheme generation module.

[0015] The key innovations of this invention include: (1) The RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient and floor failure depth in the interlayer evaluation data are correlated with the hidden danger area to obtain stable zoning data, so that the rock strata state between coal and aluminum layers corresponds to the water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hidden danger point and roof breakage in the goaf.

[0016] (2) Based on the stable zoning data, directional drilling, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting and coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement are incorporated into the same collaborative mining scheme, so that the water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hazard point, basically stable area and unstable area correspond to specific treatment contents respectively.

[0017] (3) Based on the stable partition data, perform vertical projection association between the remaining coal pillar and the pillar, layout of the stope and pillar, partitioning by open field method and filling method, so that the position, size, distribution characteristics and integrity of the bauxite pillar and the remaining coal pillar correspond, and the layout of the stope and pillar corresponds to the stable area, the basically stable area and the unstable area.

[0018] The following are its main beneficial effects: (1) In view of the problem that the interlayer evaluation data and the hidden danger ledger are not sufficiently correlated in the existing technology, the present invention forms stable zoning data by using RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, depth of damage to the base plate and the hidden danger area correlation evaluation processing, so that the stable area, the basically stable area and the unstable area have common basis from the interlayer evaluation data and the hidden danger ledger.

[0019] (2) In view of the problem that the treatment scope of water accumulation area, gas accumulation area and spontaneous combustion hazard point in the existing technology is unclear, the present invention inputs the stable zoning data into the collaborative mining scheme generation process, so that directional drilling diversion, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection and grouting correspond to the corresponding hazard areas, reducing the disconnect between hazard records and engineering treatment.

[0020] (3) In view of the problem that the layout of mine pillars and the corresponding hidden danger areas are insufficient in the existing technology, the present invention incorporates the correlation between the vertical projection of the remaining coal pillars and the pillars into the collaborative mining scheme, so that the layout of the pillars corresponds to the remaining coal pillars and the stable area, and the layout of the mine avoids the water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hidden danger point and unstable area in the goaf.

[0021] (4) In view of the problem that the partitioning basis of the empty field method and the filling method in the prior art is unclear, the present invention performs partitioning processing of the empty field method and the filling method based on stable partitioning data, so that the stable area corresponds to the empty field method partitioning, the basically stable area corresponds to the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement partitioning, and the unstable area corresponds to the filling method partitioning.

[0022] (5) In view of the problem that the acquisition, detection, recording, evaluation, zoning and processing processes in the existing technology are not continuous, the present invention enables the coal and aluminum spatial data, residual mining area detection data, hidden danger ledger, inter-layer evaluation data, stable zoning data and collaborative mining scheme to be transmitted step by step, forming a continuous processing link for collaborative mining of bauxite resources under the residual mining area of ​​coal seam. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for the coordinated mining of bauxite resources in a coal seam residual mining area, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a co-mining system for bauxite resources in a coal seam residual mining area, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for the coordinated mining of bauxite resources in a coal seam residual mining area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The process may include at least steps S100-S600: S100: Obtain the engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions and mining impact of the coal seam residual mining area, coal-aluminum interlayer strata and bauxite layer, and perform spatial distribution correlation processing to obtain coal-aluminum spatial data. S200. Based on the aforementioned coal and aluminum spatial data, a drone equipped with a three-dimensional laser scanning device, a gas sampling device, a high-definition camera device, and a small water detection device is used to perform non-contact detection processing to obtain residual mining area detection data. S300. Based on the residual mining area detection data, process the goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points and roof breakage records to obtain a hazard ledger. S400. Based on the aforementioned hazard log, measures such as roadway layout, detection drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing are carried out to obtain interlayer evaluation data. S500. Based on the interlayer evaluation data, perform correlation evaluation processing of RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, base plate failure depth and hidden danger area to obtain stable zoning data; S600. Based on the stable partition data, perform directional drilling for drainage, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement, correlation of vertical projection of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, layout of stopes and mine pillars, and partitioning of open area and filling methods to obtain a collaborative mining scheme.

[0025] S100: Obtain the engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions and mining impact of the coal seam residual mining area, coal-aluminum interlayer strata and bauxite layer, and perform spatial distribution correlation processing to obtain coal-aluminum spatial data. Specifically, S100 is executed by the basic data acquisition module, which accesses existing data on coal seam residual mining areas, coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and bauxite layers. The engineering geological overview includes strata structure, thickness, dip angle, burial depth, lithology, strength, permeability, and porosity. The hydrogeological conditions include goaf water accumulation, water interface, water level, water volume, water distribution range, and water channels. The structural conditions include the spatial distribution relationship of coal seam residual mining areas, coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and bauxite layers. The mining impact conditions include goaf morphology, location, size, distribution characteristics of remaining coal pillars, integrity of coal pillars, roof fracture status, floor failure depth, and corresponding bauxite mining areas. The basic data acquisition module is started before the bauxite mining plan is generated, and synchronously records the data source, access time, and verification status during data access. When there are missing items in the engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions, and mining impact, the basic data acquisition module will record the missing items as data to be supplemented and will not participate in the spatial distribution association processing; the spatial distribution association processing will be re-executed after the data to be supplemented is completed.

[0026] Specifically, the spatial distribution correlation processing first unifies and organizes the spatial locations of the coal seam residual mining area, the coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and the bauxite layer. The basic data acquisition module extracts the strata structure, thickness, dip angle, burial depth, lithology, strength, permeability, and porosity from the engineering geological overview and writes them into the coal-aluminum interlayer strata data field; it extracts the goaf water accumulation, water interface, water level, water volume, water distribution range, and water channels from the hydrogeological conditions and writes them into the hydrogeological field; it extracts the relative locations of the coal seam residual mining area, the coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and the bauxite layer from the structural conditions and writes them into the spatial distribution field; and it extracts the goaf morphology, location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the coal pillars, roof fracture, floor failure depth, and corresponding bauxite layer mining area from the mining impact situation and writes them into the mining impact field. After the above fields are written, the basic data acquisition module associates the vertical relationship between the coal seam residual mining area and the bauxite layer, the projection relationship between the remaining coal pillar and the bauxite mining area, the connectivity between the water accumulation area in the goaf and the rock strata between the coal and bauxite layers, and the influence relationship between the roof fracture condition and the floor failure depth.

[0027] Specifically, the coal-aluminum spatial data includes spatial distribution fields, engineering geological fields, hydrogeological fields, structural conditions fields, and mining impact fields. The spatial distribution field records the relative positions of the coal seam remnant mining area, the inter-coal-aluminum strata, and the bauxite layer. The engineering geological fields record the strata structure, thickness, dip angle, burial depth, lithology, strength, permeability, and porosity. The hydrogeological fields record the water accumulation in the goaf, water accumulation interfaces, water level, water volume, water accumulation distribution range, and water accumulation channels. The structural conditions field records the spatial distribution relationship of the coal seam remnant mining area, the inter-coal-aluminum strata, and the bauxite layer. The mining impact fields record the goaf morphology, the location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the coal pillars, roof fracture conditions, floor failure depth, and the corresponding bauxite mining area. After the coal-aluminum spatial data is generated, the basic data acquisition module verifies the field integrity; when the spatial distribution field, engineering geological field, hydrogeological field, structural conditions field, and mining impact field are all written, the coal-aluminum spatial data becomes available for use. Understandably, coal-aluminum spatial data is not a single map, but a collection of basic data that links coal seam residual mining areas, inter-coal-aluminum strata, and bauxite layers.

[0028] In one engineering embodiment, a mining area has a coal seam remnant mining area above and a bauxite layer below, with interlayer rock strata distributed between the coal seam remnant mining area and the bauxite layer. The basic data acquisition module first accesses the mining engineering plan and hydrogeological conditions, and then accesses the rock strata structure, thickness, dip angle, burial depth, lithology, strength, permeability, and porosity. The basic data acquisition module then accesses the goaf morphology, location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the remaining coal pillars, roof fracture condition, and floor failure depth. The basic data acquisition module vertically projects and correlates the location of the remaining coal pillars with the bauxite mining area, correlates the water accumulation area of ​​the goaf with the thickness and permeability of the interlayer rock strata, and correlates the roof fracture condition with the floor failure depth. After the correlation is completed, spatial data of coal and bauxite is generated. The spatial distribution field in the coal and aluminum spatial data is used by the S200 for non-contact detection processing; the engineering geology field and the mining impact field are used by the S200 to determine the UAV detection path; the hydrogeology field is used by the S200 for the detection range of the small water exploration equipment; and the structural condition field is used by the S200 for the detection range of the three-dimensional laser scanning equipment.

[0029] Before outputting, the spatial data of coal and aluminum retains the data source and verification status. When different sources exist for the same area, the basic data acquisition module first retains the original records from the mining engineering plan and hydrogeological conditions, and then retains the supplementary records from the engineering geological overview and mining impact information. When record conflicts exist, the basic data acquisition module writes the conflict location into the verification status without changing the original records of the coal seam residual mining area, the coal-aluminum interlayer, and the bauxite layer. After S200 completes the non-contact detection processing, the residual mining area detection data is used to supplement the verification status, forming a data foundation that connects with the hidden danger ledger of S300. Thus, the spatial data of coal and aluminum output by S100 is used as input by S200, and S200 continues to generate residual mining area detection data based on the spatial data of coal and aluminum.

[0030] Summary of the technical effects of this step: This step spatially correlates the data of coal seam residual mining areas, coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and bauxite layers before mining, forming the foundational input for subsequent non-contact detection and processing. The coal-aluminum spatial data aggregates engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural features, and mining impacts into a single dataset, reducing the disconnect between the detection range of residual mining areas and the bauxite mining area. This step provides a continuous data source for subsequent hazard ledgers, interlayer evaluation data, stability zoning data, and collaborative mining plans.

[0031] S200. Based on the aforementioned coal and aluminum spatial data, a drone equipped with a three-dimensional laser scanning device, a gas sampling device, a high-definition camera device, and a small water detection device is used to perform non-contact detection processing to obtain residual mining area detection data. Specifically, S200 is executed by the non-contact detection module for the residual mining area. This module takes the coal-aluminum spatial data output from S100 as input and reads spatial distribution fields, engineering geological fields, hydrogeological fields, structural conditions fields, and mining impact fields from the data. The spatial distribution field indicates the relative positions of the coal seam residual mining area, the interlayer rock strata between coal and aluminum, and the bauxite layer. The engineering geological fields indicate the rock strata structure, thickness, dip angle, burial depth, lithology, strength, permeability, and porosity. The hydrogeological fields indicate the water accumulation in the goaf, the water interface, water level, water volume, water distribution range, and water channels. The mining impact fields indicate the goaf morphology, the location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the coal pillars, roof fracture conditions, floor failure depth, and the corresponding bauxite mining area. The non-contact detection module initiates non-contact detection processing when the coal-aluminum spatial data is available, and determines the detection range within the coal seam residual mining area corresponding to the bauxite mining area.

[0032] Specifically, the drone serves as a mobile carrier equipped with a 3D laser scanning device, a gas sampling device, a high-definition camera, and a small water detection device. The 3D laser scanning device is used to collect information on the morphology of the goaf and the geometry of remaining coal pillars, including the goaf boundary, spatial outline, location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars. The gas sampling device collects information on methane and carbon monoxide concentrations, including concentrations at different locations within the residual mining area of ​​the coal seam. The high-definition camera is used to collect images, including roof fracture conditions, coal pillar integrity, and the water interface in the goaf. The small water detection device collects information on water accumulation in the goaf, including water level, volume, and distribution range. These four types of equipment constitute the necessary set of equipment for non-contact detection processing. When engineering conditions permit, a temperature sensor is used as an auxiliary component to record the temperature near the potential spontaneous combustion point, but the temperature sensor does not replace the data collection functions of the 3D laser scanning device, gas sampling device, high-definition camera, and small water detection device.

[0033] Furthermore, the non-contact detection module for residual mining areas first reads the goaf morphology and corresponding bauxite mining area from the coal-aluminum spatial data, and then controls the drone to enter the adjacent roadway or passable space of the residual mining area. After the drone enters the detection range, the 3D laser scanning equipment first scans the goaf morphology, forming a record of the goaf boundary and spatial outline, and simultaneously identifies the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars. The non-contact detection module for residual mining areas writes the goaf boundary, spatial outline, and the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars into the geometric detection field. When the drone passes near the location of the remaining coal pillar, the high-definition camera equipment collects images of the coal pillar surface. The non-contact detection module for residual mining areas forms a coal pillar integrity record based on the state of surface breakage, spalling, and cracks, and binds the coal pillar integrity record with the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillar.

[0034] Furthermore, the gas sampling equipment performs sampling when the drone reaches the goaf passage, the vicinity of the remaining coal pillar, the location of roof fracture, and the vicinity of the goaf water interface. Each sampling records the sampling location, sampling time, gas concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration. The non-contact detection module for the remaining mining area writes the gas concentration and carbon monoxide concentration into the gas detection field and correlates the gas detection field with the goaf morphology and the remaining coal pillar records. After the gas sampling equipment completes sampling, the high-definition camera continues to acquire data on roof fracture and the goaf water interface. The roof fracture includes roof cracks, collapse boundaries, and the appearance of the fractured zone. The goaf water interface includes the water surface location, water surface boundary, and the contact point between the water and the roadway wall. The non-contact detection module for the remaining mining area writes the roof fracture and goaf water interface into the image detection field.

[0035] Furthermore, the small-scale water detection equipment verifies the water interface in the goaf identified by the high-definition camera equipment based on the hydrogeological fields for goaf water accumulation, water interface, water level, water volume, and water distribution range. The small-scale water detection equipment collects water level, water volume, and water distribution range, and writes the collection results into the water detection field. When there is a difference between the water detection field and the image detection field, the non-contact detection module of the remaining mining area retains the original records of both and generates a verification mark. The verification mark is output along with the remaining mining area detection data, and S300 calls the verification mark when processing the goaf water area recording. When the gas concentration or carbon monoxide concentration is abnormal, the non-contact detection module of the remaining mining area records the abnormal location, suspends the continued entry action of the adjacent location, and saves the collected gas detection field, image detection field, and geometric detection field as the current detection batch record.

[0036] Understandably, the residual mining area detection data is the output of this step, including geometric detection fields, gas detection fields, image detection fields, water accumulation detection fields, and verification markers. The geometric detection fields record the morphology of the goaf, the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars. The gas detection fields record methane and carbon monoxide concentrations. The image detection fields record the roof fracture condition, coal pillar integrity, and water accumulation interface in the goaf. The water accumulation detection fields record water level, water volume, and water accumulation distribution range. The verification markers record the differences between the water accumulation detection fields and the image detection fields. When outputting the residual mining area detection data, the non-contact detection module simultaneously retains the detection batch, equipment name, collection location, and data source, ensuring that the records for the same coal seam residual mining area remain consistent even after multiple non-contact detection processes.

[0037] In one engineering embodiment, after the non-contact detection module for the residual mining area reads the coal-aluminum spatial data generated by S100, it first determines the detection range corresponding to the coal seam residual mining area and the bauxite mining area. A drone equipped with a 3D laser scanning device, gas sampling device, high-definition camera, and small water detection device enters the adjacent roadway of the coal seam residual mining area. The 3D laser scanning device scans the morphology of the goaf and the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars. The gas sampling device collects methane and carbon monoxide concentrations at locations near the remaining coal pillars and at locations of roof fracture. The high-definition camera collects data on roof fracture, coal pillar integrity, and the water interface in the goaf. The small water detection device collects water level, water volume, and the distribution range of the accumulated water. The non-contact detection module for the residual mining area maps the data collected by each device to the corresponding locations to generate residual mining area detection data. The residual mining area detection data is then used as input by S300. Based on the residual mining area detection data, S300 continues to process the goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points and roof breakage records to obtain a hazard ledger.

[0038] Summary of the technical effects of this step: This step transforms the spatial data of coal and aluminum generated by S100 into on-site detection records of the coal seam residual mining area, ensuring that the morphology of the goaf, residual coal pillars, gas, images, and water accumulation information correspond within the same residual mining area detection data. Three-dimensional laser scanning equipment, gas sampling equipment, high-definition camera equipment, and small water detection equipment work together in non-contact detection processing, providing a clear source of data for subsequent hazard registration. The residual mining area detection data is directly linked to the S300 recording and processing, providing a detection foundation for subsequent inter-layer evaluation data, stability zoning data, and collaborative mining schemes.

[0039] S300. Based on the residual mining area detection data, process the goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points and roof breakage records to obtain a hazard ledger. Specifically, S300 is executed by the hazard log generation module. This module takes the residual mining area detection data output by S200 as input and reads the geometric detection fields, gas detection fields, image detection fields, water accumulation detection fields, and verification markers. The geometric detection fields include the goaf morphology, location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars. The gas detection fields include methane and carbon monoxide concentrations. The image detection fields include roof fracture conditions, coal pillar integrity, and goaf water accumulation interface. The water accumulation detection fields include water level, water volume, and water accumulation distribution range. The verification markers indicate locations where differences exist between the image detection fields and the water accumulation detection fields. Upon receiving a complete batch of detection data, the hazard log generation module initiates recording processing and writes the corresponding goaf morphology, remaining coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, methane accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points, and roof fracture at the same sampling location.

[0040] Specifically, the goaf morphology record consists of the goaf boundary, spatial outline, and collapse boundary. The hazard log generation module first reads the goaf boundary and spatial outline from the geometric detection field, and then matches them with the corresponding bauxite mining area in the coal-aluminum spatial data. When the goaf boundary is continuous and the spatial outline is complete, the hazard log generation module directly writes it into the goaf morphology record; when there is a gap in the goaf boundary, the hazard log generation module retains the original acquisition location and writes the gap location into the verification mark. The residual coal pillar record consists of the location, size, distribution characteristics, and integrity of the residual coal pillar. The hazard log generation module matches the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the residual coal pillar acquired by the 3D laser scanning equipment with the integrity of the coal pillar acquired by the high-definition camera equipment. When there are multiple acquisition records for the same residual coal pillar, they are merged and written according to the rules of the same acquisition location and similar acquisition time. The original record before merging is saved with the residual coal pillar record.

[0041] Furthermore, the goaf water accumulation area record consists of the goaf water accumulation interface, water level, water volume, water distribution range, and water channels. The hazard ledger generation module reads the goaf water accumulation interface from the image detection field and the water level, water volume, and water distribution range from the water accumulation detection field, mapping these two types of data to the same goaf morphology record. When a verification mark exists, the hazard ledger generation module writes the verification mark into the verification status of the goaf water accumulation record, while retaining the original values ​​of the image detection field and the water accumulation detection field. The gas accumulation area record consists of gas concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, sampling location, and adjacent goaf morphology. The hazard ledger generation module correlates the gas concentration and carbon monoxide concentration in the gas detection field with the records of residual coal pillars, roof breakage, and goaf water accumulation. When both gas concentration increase and roof breakage occur at the same location, the hidden danger log generation module writes that location into the associated location field of the gas accumulation record, which can be called by S400 when deploying measures in roadways and conducting exploratory boreholes.

[0042] Furthermore, the spontaneous combustion hazard record consists of carbon monoxide concentration, roof fracture condition, proximity of remaining coal pillars, and temperature records. Temperature records are written when a temperature sensor is involved in data acquisition; when no temperature sensor is configured, the spontaneous combustion hazard record is formed by the combined carbon monoxide concentration, proximity of remaining coal pillars, and roof fracture condition. The hazard log generation module maps abnormal carbon monoxide concentration locations to the remaining coal pillar records and writes the roof fracture condition as a proximity status. The roof fracture record consists of roof cracks, collapse boundaries, fracture zone appearance, and corresponding goaf morphology. The hazard log generation module extracts roof cracks, collapse boundaries, and fracture zone appearance from the image detection field and then maps them to the goaf boundary and spatial contour in the geometric detection field. When the roof fracture record overlaps with goaf water accumulation records and gas accumulation records, the hazard log generation module writes the common location and associated record number into the corresponding record.

[0043] Specifically, each record in the hazard log includes its location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite mining area. The location refers to the spatial position recorded within the residual coal seam mining area. The scale includes the range of the goaf morphology, the size of the remaining coal pillar, the distribution range of accumulated water, the range of gas accumulation, the impact range of spontaneous combustion hazard points, or the range of roof fracture. The risk level is determined by the record type, scale, coal pillar integrity, gas concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, water level, water volume, distribution range of accumulated water, and roof fracture condition. The corresponding bauxite mining area is provided by the coal-aluminum spatial data in S100, and the hazard log generation module maps each record to the bauxite mining area. When conflicts exist in the mapping, the hazard log generation module retains the original location and the conflicting location, and writes the conflicting location to a verification status, awaiting supplementary verification through the S400 measures, roadway layout, and exploratory borehole construction.

[0044] In one engineering embodiment, after receiving the residual mining area detection data output by the S200, the hazard log generation module first writes the goaf boundary and the location of the remaining coal pillar generated by the 3D laser scanning equipment into the geometric detection field, and then writes the gas concentration and carbon monoxide concentration collected by the gas sampling equipment into the gas detection field. Subsequently, the hazard log generation module reads the roof fracture condition, coal pillar integrity, and goaf water interface collected by the high-definition camera equipment, and reads the water level, water volume, and water distribution range collected by the small water detection equipment. The hazard log generation module maps the location of the remaining coal pillar to the coal pillar integrity, maps the goaf water interface to the water level, water volume, and water distribution range, and maps the gas concentration and carbon monoxide concentration to the goaf morphology, the remaining coal pillar, and the roof fracture condition. Once the mapping is completed, the hidden danger ledger generation module generates records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof breakage, and fissure channels. Each record contains the location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite mining area.

[0045] Understandably, the hazard log is the output of this step. The hazard log is not a standalone text record, but rather a composite of data including records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels. After the hazard log generation module outputs the hazard log, it sends the goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard point, roof fracture, and fracture channel records to S400. Based on the hazard log, S400 performs measures such as roadway layout, exploratory drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing, continuing to generate inter-layer evaluation data. The location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite mining area in the hazard log are also used by S500 and S600, respectively, to participate in the generation of stable zoning data and collaborative mining schemes.

[0046] Summary of the technical effects of this step: This step converts residual mining area detection data into a hazard log, ensuring that goaf morphology, remaining coal pillars, water accumulation areas in the goaf, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points, and roof fracturing are correlated within the same recording system. The hazard log connects the on-site detection results with the corresponding bauxite seam mining area, providing clear input for subsequent inter-layer evaluation data. This step transforms the scattered detection results of hazardous sources in the residual mining area into engineering records that can be used for subsequent stable zoning data and collaborative mining plans.

[0047] S400. Based on the aforementioned hazard log, measures such as roadway layout, detection drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing are carried out to obtain interlayer evaluation data. Specifically, S400 is executed by the interlayer evaluation module, which takes the hazard log output by S300 as input. The hazard log includes records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels. The interlayer evaluation module reads the location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite mining area from each record and maps the corresponding bauxite mining area to the coal-aluminum interlayer strata. When the hazard log is in a callable state, the interlayer evaluation module initiates measures for roadway layout; when the hazard log is in a verification state, the interlayer evaluation module retains the verification location and includes it in the check locations for exploratory drilling.

[0048] Specifically, the measure roadway is a detection and operation channel arranged along the strike of the bauxite layer. The inter-layer evaluation module first extracts records of goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels from the hazard log. Then, it checks the overlap of these records with the corresponding bauxite mining area. When goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, or roof fracture records overlap with the same bauxite mining area, the inter-layer evaluation module writes that area into the measure roadway layout record. The measure roadway layout record includes the roadway start point, roadway end point, roadway direction, corresponding hazard record, and corresponding bauxite mining area. After the measure roadway layout record is generated, the construction process forms the measure roadway at the bauxite strike location according to the measure roadway layout record, and the actual roadway location is written back to the inter-layer evaluation module.

[0049] Furthermore, the exploratory boreholes are drilled from the aforementioned roadway towards the bottom of the residual coal seam mining area. The inter-layer evaluation module determines the borehole coverage area based on the goaf morphology record, the adjacent location of the borehole based on the record of remaining coal pillars, the borehole verification location based on the goaf water accumulation record, and the borehole re-verification location based on the gas accumulation record and the record of spontaneous combustion hazard points. During the construction of the exploratory boreholes, the borehole depth covers the inter-coal-aluminum rock strata. The borehole construction record includes the borehole location, borehole direction, borehole depth, corresponding roadway, corresponding hazard record, and corresponding bauxite mining area. When fracture zones, fissures, or water seepage are found during the borehole construction, the inter-layer evaluation module writes the location into an anomaly record and binds the anomaly record to the corresponding record in the original hazard log.

[0050] Furthermore, borehole inspection is performed by borehole inspection equipment within the exploratory borehole. The equipment moves along the borehole, collecting data on fracture development characteristics and fracture zone distribution within the coal-aluminum interlayer. The fracture development characteristics include fracture location, fracture extension direction, and fracture density. The fracture zone distribution includes fracture zone location, fracture zone thickness, and fracture zone continuity. The interlayer evaluation module writes the fracture development characteristics and fracture zone distribution collected by the borehole inspection equipment into the borehole inspection record. If there are locational discrepancies between the borehole inspection record and the exploratory borehole construction record, the interlayer evaluation module retains the borehole inspection record and writes the locational discrepancies into the verification record for use by S500 in hazard area correlation evaluation.

[0051] Specifically, core sampling is conducted concurrently with the drilling process. The core samples are columnar rock specimens obtained from the interlayer between coal and aluminum. The core sampling record includes the sampling location, sampling stratigraphic position, lithology, stratigraphic thickness, and core integrity. The interlayer evaluation module calculates Rock Quality Designation (RQD) indicators based on the core sampling record and records the RQD indicators in the core sampling record. When the core samples exhibit fractures, muddy conditions, or fracturing, the interlayer evaluation module records these conditions in the core sampling record and correlates them with the fracture development characteristics and fracture zone distribution in the borehole inspection record. If a core sample is missing, the interlayer evaluation module retains the missing location and includes it in the supplementary sampling record.

[0052] Furthermore, the rock mechanics testing process uses borehole cores as the test objects. The rock mechanics testing process includes uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle tests. Uniaxial compressive strength is used to record the compressive failure state of the core, tensile strength is used to record the tensile failure state, elastic modulus is used to record the deformation state, and cohesion and internal friction angle are used to record the shear state. The interlayer evaluation module writes the above test results into the physical and mechanical parameter record. For cases where multiple borehole cores exist in the same sampling layer, the interlayer evaluation module records them separately according to the sampling location, without merging the original test results. When a test record is missing, the interlayer evaluation module generates a test record to be supplemented and retains that status in the interlayer evaluation data.

[0053] Understandably, interlayer evaluation data is the output of this step. Interlayer evaluation data includes interlayer thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and floor failure depth. Interlayer thickness is derived from the roadway layout record and exploratory borehole construction record. Fracture development characteristics and fracture zone distribution are derived from borehole inspection records. The RQD index is derived from borehole core records. Physical and mechanical parameters are derived from rock mechanics test records. Permeability coefficient and floor failure depth are formed by the correlation of exploratory borehole construction records, borehole inspection records, and borehole core records. After the interlayer evaluation module outputs the interlayer evaluation data, S500 continues to perform RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, floor failure depth, and hazard area correlation evaluation processing based on the interlayer evaluation data to obtain stable zoning data.

[0054] In one engineering embodiment, after reading the hazard log, the inter-layer evaluation module identifies records of goaf water accumulation, residual coal pillars, and roof fracture in the same bauxite mining area. Based on this, the module deploys a hazard roadway along the bauxite strike and constructs exploratory boreholes from these roadways towards the floor of the residual coal seam. After the borehole inspection equipment enters the exploratory borehole, it records the fracture development characteristics and the distribution of fracture zones. During the exploratory borehole construction, core samples are obtained. The inter-layer evaluation module then calculates the RQD index and tests the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the core samples. These records are combined to form inter-layer evaluation data, maintaining a correspondence with the goaf water accumulation, residual coal pillar, and roof fracture records. This inter-layer evaluation data is then retrieved by S500 as input for generating stable zoning data.

[0055] Summary of the technical effects of this step: This step transforms the hazard source records of the residual mining area in the hazard log into on-site evaluation data of the coal-aluminum interlayer strata, creating a continuous operational chain for intervention roadways, exploratory boreholes, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing. The interlayer evaluation data establishes a correspondence between fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, RQD index, and physical and mechanical parameters and the hazard log. This step provides verifiable interlayer strata data for the subsequent generation of stability zoning data.

[0056] S500. Based on the interlayer evaluation data, perform RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, base plate failure depth and hidden danger area correlation evaluation processing to obtain stable zoning data; Specifically, S500 is executed by the stability zoning module. The stability zoning module includes an inter-layer evaluation data access unit, an index verification unit, a hidden danger area association unit, and a zoning output unit. The inter-layer evaluation data access unit receives the inter-layer evaluation data output by S400 and reads the inter-layer rock thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, Rock Quality Designation (RQD) index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and floor failure depth. The RQD index is a record of the integrity of the borehole core. The physical and mechanical parameters include uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle. The permeability coefficient is a record of the seepage state of the coal-aluminum inter-layer rock. The floor failure depth is a record of the damage range of the floor in the residual mining area of ​​the coal seam after being affected by mining. The hidden danger areas are the areas corresponding to the records of goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels in the hidden danger log.

[0057] Specifically, the index verification unit first performs an integrity check on the inter-layer evaluation data. When records exist for inter-layer thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and floor failure depth, the index verification unit writes that area into the evaluation record. If any record is missing, the index verification unit retains the existing original record and writes the missing item into the supplementary evaluation record. The supplementary evaluation record does not enter the partition output unit. After the supplementary evaluation record is completed, the stable partition module re-executes the index verification. Understandably, the integrity check is used to ensure that borehole inspection records, borehole core records, and rock mechanics test records in the inter-layer evaluation data correspond to each other within the same area.

[0058] Furthermore, the indicator verification unit performs rock stratum integrity processing on the RQD index. The RQD index is derived from the borehole core record and reflects the integrity of the borehole core. When the RQD index is complete, the borehole core has few fractures, and the fracture development characteristics in the borehole inspection record are weak, the indicator verification unit writes this location into the complete rock stratum record. When the RQD index is low, and the borehole core is fractured, muddy, or broken, the indicator verification unit writes this location into the broken rock stratum record. The broken rock stratum record is then matched with the distribution of fracture zones in the borehole inspection record. After matching, a rock stratum integrity record is formed. This rock stratum integrity record is accessed by the hidden danger area association unit.

[0059] Furthermore, the index verification unit processes the physical and mechanical parameters according to their bearing state. Uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle correspond to the core under compression, tension, deformation, and shear states, respectively. The index verification unit correlates the physical and mechanical parameters at the same sampling location with the interlayer thickness and generates physical and mechanical parameter records. When there is a vertical correspondence between the physical and mechanical parameter records and the records of remaining coal pillars, the index verification unit writes that location into the bearing-related record. When there are missing physical and mechanical parameters, the index verification unit retains the sampling location and writes the missing items into the supplementary evaluation record. The physical and mechanical parameter records are subsequently used by the zoning output unit to divide stable, basically stable, and unstable regions.

[0060] Furthermore, the indicator verification unit performs channel status processing on the permeability coefficient and floor failure depth. The permeability coefficient is derived from the seepage status records of the coal-aluminum interlayer. The floor failure depth is derived from the correlation results of the drilling records, borehole inspection records, and borehole core records. The indicator verification unit correlates the permeability coefficient with the goaf water accumulation records and fracture channel records, and correlates the floor failure depth with the roof fracture records and goaf morphology records. When the permeability coefficient is large and the fracture channel records are continuous, the indicator verification unit writes this location into the channel correlation record. When the floor failure depth is close to the lower part of the coal-aluminum interlayer, the indicator verification unit writes this location into the failure depth correlation record. Both the channel correlation record and the failure depth correlation record are entered into the hidden danger area correlation unit.

[0061] Specifically, the hazard area association unit reads the rock strata integrity record, physical and mechanical parameter record, channel association record, and failure depth association record, and performs regional correspondence with the goaf water accumulation record, gas accumulation record, spontaneous combustion hazard point record, roof fracture record, and fracture channel record in the hazard ledger. During correspondence, the hazard area association unit processes the data according to the corresponding bauxite mining area. When the hazard area and inter-layer evaluation data are located in the same corresponding bauxite mining area, the hazard area association unit writes this location into the hazard area association record. When there is a boundary difference between the hazard area and the inter-layer evaluation data, the hazard area association unit retains the boundary difference and writes a verification status in the hazard area association record. The verification status participates in the configuration of the treatment range for directional drilling diversion, grouting sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, and coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement in S600.

[0062] Furthermore, the zoning output unit generates stable zoning data based on the associated records of hazard areas. Stable zoning data includes stable areas, basically stable areas, and unstable areas. Stable areas correspond to regions with complete RQD indices, complete physical and mechanical parameter records, low permeability coefficients, floor failure depths not approaching the top of the bauxite layer, and no overlapping hazard area associated records. Basically stable areas correspond to regions with localized RQD fracturing, localized differences in physical and mechanical parameter records, localized increases in permeability coefficients, and a proximity relationship between floor failure depths and roof fracturing records. Unstable areas correspond to regions with low RQD indices, continuous fracture zone distribution, high permeability coefficients, and overlapping floor failure depths with records of goaf water accumulation or fracture channels. The zoning output unit writes the region boundary, corresponding hazard records, inter-layer evaluation data sources, and zoning status for each region.

[0063] In one engineering embodiment, the stability zoning module receives inter-layer evaluation data from a bauxite mining area. Drilling inspection records show localized fracture development in the area; core drilling records show partial core fractures; rock mechanics test records show differences in uniaxial compressive strength and cohesion; permeability records show changes in seepage state near goaf water accumulation records; and floor failure depth records are adjacent to roof fracture records. The stability zoning module first generates stratum integrity records, physical and mechanical parameter records, channel correlation records, and failure depth correlation records, and then correlates them with goaf water accumulation records, roof fracture records, and fracture channel records in the hazard log. After correlation, the area is written as either a basically stable region or an unstable region. In adjacent regions, those with complete RQD indicators, complete physical and mechanical parameter records, low permeability coefficients, and no overlap with hazard areas are written as stable regions. These stable regions, basically stable regions, and unstable regions together form the stability zoning data.

[0064] Understandably, the stable zoning data is the output of this step. The stable zoning data includes fields for stable region, basically stable region, unstable region, corresponding hazard record, inter-layer evaluation data source, and verification status. The stable region field corresponds to the open-field zoning process in S600. The basically stable region field corresponds to the coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement process in S600. The unstable region field corresponds to the filling method zoning process in S600. The corresponding hazard record field is used in S600 for directional drilling drainage, grouting sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, and grouting, respectively. Therefore, the stable zoning data output by S500 is used as input by S600, and S600 continues to generate a collaborative mining plan based on the stable zoning data.

[0065] Summary of the technical effects of this step: This step converts inter-layer evaluation data into stable zoning data, establishing a correspondence between RQD indices, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficients, and floor failure depths and potential hazard areas. The stable zoning data connects the rock strata state between coal and aluminum layers and the hazard source records of residual mining areas into the same zoning result. This step provides direct input for directional drilling diversion, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement, stope and pillar layout, open-field method, and backfilling method zoning treatment in S600.

[0066] S600. Based on the stable partition data, perform directional drilling for drainage, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement, correlation of vertical projection of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, layout of stopes and mine pillars, and partitioning of open area and filling methods to obtain a collaborative mining scheme.

[0067] Specifically, S600 is executed by the collaborative mining scheme generation module. The collaborative mining scheme generation module takes the stable zoning data output by S500 as input, and reads the stable area field, basically stable area field, unstable area field, corresponding hazard record field, inter-layer evaluation data source field, and verification status field. The stable area field records bauxite mining areas with stable inter-coal-aluminum strata. The basically stable area field records bauxite mining areas requiring inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement. The unstable area field records bauxite mining areas requiring zoning treatment using the filling method. The corresponding hazard record field includes records of goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels. The collaborative mining scheme generation module starts processing when the stable zoning data is in a callable state. When a verification status exists, the collaborative mining scheme generation module retains the verification status and writes the area where the verification status is located into the verification record of the collaborative mining scheme.

[0068] Specifically, the collaborative mining scheme generation module first performs directional drilling for drainage and grouting for sealing. Directional drilling for drainage is arranged based on records of water accumulation in the goaf and fracture channels. The module reads the location, size, water level, water volume, and distribution range of the water accumulation area in the goaf from the corresponding hazard record fields, and determines the location, direction, and drainage sequence of the directional boreholes in conjunction with the unstable area field. The directional drilling path corresponds to the thickness of the interlayer rock, the distribution of fracture zones, and the depth of floor failure. After the water in the goaf is drained through the directional boreholes, the module matches the records of water channels, fracture channels, and exploratory boreholes to generate grouting sealing locations. Cement grout, cement-water glass double-liquid grout, or thixotropic high-strength grouting materials are selected for grouting sealing. The grouting sealing record includes the sealing location, sealing range, corresponding goaf water accumulation record, and corresponding bauxite mining area.

[0069] Furthermore, the collaborative mining scheme generation module performs gas drainage, nitrogen injection, and grouting. Gas drainage is arranged based on gas accumulation records. The collaborative mining scheme generation module reads the location, size, gas concentration, and corresponding bauxite mining area of ​​the gas accumulation area and configures the directional drilling gas drainage location. When the gas accumulation area overlaps with the record of a residual coal pillar or a roof fracture record, the directional drilling gas drainage location is matched with the area adjacent to the residual coal pillar and the roof fracture area. When the spontaneous combustion hazard point record shows abnormal carbon monoxide concentration, roof fracture, or is located near a residual coal pillar, the collaborative mining scheme generation module configures the nitrogen injection or grouting treatment location. The nitrogen injection record is written with the nitrogen injection location, the corresponding spontaneous combustion hazard point record, and the corresponding bauxite mining area. The grouting record is written with the grouting location, the corresponding roof fracture record, and the corresponding fracture channel record.

[0070] Furthermore, the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement is arranged for both basically stable and unstable areas. The collaborative mining scheme generation module reads the fields for basically stable and unstable areas and calls the interlayer rock thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, Rock Quality Designation (RQD) index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and floor failure depth from the interlayer evaluation data source fields. The location of the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement corresponds to the fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, permeability coefficient, and floor failure depth. Within the basically stable area, the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement record includes the grouting hole location, grouting material, reinforcement range, and corresponding hidden danger record. Within the unstable area, the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement record is generated synchronously with the filling method zoning record, and the zoning boundary is retained. When there are evaluation records to be supplemented, the collaborative mining scheme generation module does not generate a final reinforcement range, but generates a temporary reinforcement record and a verification record.

[0071] Specifically, the association between the residual coal pillar and the vertical projection of the mine pillar is executed by the collaborative mining scheme generation module after the hazard mitigation process. The collaborative mining scheme generation module reads the location, size, distribution characteristics, and integrity of the residual coal pillar from the record, and reads the stable area field, the basically stable area field, and the unstable area field. Subsequently, the collaborative mining scheme generation module projects the location of the residual coal pillar onto the bauxite mining area, forming a record of the association between the residual coal pillar and the mine pillar's vertical projection. This vertical projection association record includes the location of the residual coal pillar, candidate positions for the mine pillar, the bearing area, and the zoning status. When the residual coal pillar has good integrity and corresponds to a stable area, the candidate position for the mine pillar is written into the bearing area. When the residual coal pillar is in a broken state, or corresponds to a water accumulation area in the goaf, a gas accumulation area, a spontaneous combustion hazard point, or an unstable area, the candidate position for the mine pillar is written into the adjustment record. The adjustment record is used for the mine pillar layout processing.

[0072] Furthermore, the stope and pillar layout processing is based on the vertical projection association record, stable area field, basically stable area field, and unstable area field. The collaborative mining scheme generation module places the bauxite pillars within the bearing area or stable area corresponding to the vertical projection of the abandoned coal pillars, and places the bauxite stopes outside the goaf water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hazard point, and unstable area. The stope and pillar layout record includes the stope location, pillar location, corresponding abandoned coal pillar record, corresponding stable zone data, and corresponding hazard record. When the stope location overlaps with the goaf water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hazard point, or unstable area, the collaborative mining scheme generation module retains the overlapping location and regenerates the stope location adjustment record. When there is no correspondence between the pillar location and the vertical projection of the abandoned coal pillars, the collaborative mining scheme generation module retains the pillar location and writes it into the bearing verification record.

[0073] Furthermore, the open-stop and backfilling methods are zoned according to stable, basically stable, and unstable regions. Stable regions correspond to open-stop zoning. The collaborative mining scheme generation module generates open-stop zoning records within stable regions, recording the location of the bauxite stope, pillar location, and mining and recovery sequence. Basically stable regions correspond to coal-aluminum inter-seam grouting reinforcement zoning. The collaborative mining scheme generation module generates coal-aluminum inter-seam grouting reinforcement records within basically stable regions and generates mining records after the reinforcement records are completed. Unstable regions correspond to backfilling zoning. The collaborative mining scheme generation module generates backfilling zoning records within unstable regions, recording the backfilling material, backfilling area, stope location, pillar location, and the sequence of simultaneous recovery and backfilling. The mining and recovery sequence is written as advancing from stable to unstable regions, mining the stope first and then the pillar, segmented recovery, and simultaneous recovery and backfilling.

[0074] In one engineering embodiment, the collaborative mining scheme generation module receives stable zoning data for a bauxite mining area. In the stable zoning data, the eastern region is a stable area, the central region is a basically stable area, and the western region is an unstable area. Corresponding hazard record fields show that the western region has records of goaf water accumulation and fracture channels, while the central region has records of roof fracturing and gas accumulation. The collaborative mining scheme generation module first configures directional drilling for drainage and grouting for sealing in the western region, and directional drilling for gas extraction and inter-coal-aluminum grouting for reinforcement in the central region. Subsequently, the collaborative mining scheme generation module reads the location, size, distribution characteristics, and integrity of the remaining coal pillars, projects the location of the remaining coal pillars onto the bauxite mining area, and arranges the pillars within the bearing area or stable area. Open-field zoning records are generated for the eastern region, inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement records are generated for the central region, and filling-method zoning records are generated for the western region. These records are then merged to form a collaborative mining scheme.

[0075] Understandably, the collaborative mining scheme is the output of this step. The collaborative mining scheme includes directional drilling diversion records, grouting and sealing records, gas extraction records, nitrogen injection records, grouting records, coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement records, records relating the vertical projection of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, stope and pillar layout records, open-field zoning records, filling zoning records, and mining and recovery sequence records. The water accumulation areas in the goaf of the collaborative mining scheme correspond to directional drilling diversion and grouting and sealing. The gas accumulation areas in the collaborative mining scheme correspond to directional drilling gas extraction. The spontaneous combustion hazard points in the collaborative mining scheme correspond to nitrogen injection or grouting. The basically stable and unstable areas in the collaborative mining scheme correspond to coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement. The bauxite pillars in the collaborative mining scheme are located within the bearing area or stable area corresponding to the vertical projection of the residual coal pillars, and the bauxite stopes are located outside the water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points, and unstable areas of the goaf.

[0076] Summary of the technical effects of this step: This step converts stable zoning data into a collaborative mining scheme, establishing a correspondence between hazard mitigation, stope and pillar layout, and open-stope zoning and backfilling zoning within the same scheme. The collaborative mining scheme maps water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points, basically stable areas, and unstable areas to specific engineering treatments. This step correlates the vertical projection of residual coal pillars with that of the pillars in the stope and pillar layout process, providing a complete implementation plan for bauxite resource mining under residual coal seams.

[0077] Example 2: Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a co-mining system for bauxite resources in a coal seam residual mining area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the structure may include: The basic data acquisition module 01 is used to acquire the engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions, and mining impact of the coal seam residual mining area, the coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and the bauxite layer. It performs spatial distribution correlation processing to generate coal-aluminum spatial data and transmits this data to the contactless detection module for the residual mining area. Specifically, the basic data acquisition module receives the mining engineering plan, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions, and mining impact, and maps the relative positions of the coal seam residual mining area, the coal-aluminum interlayer strata, and the bauxite layer. The engineering geological overview includes stratum structure, thickness, dip angle, burial depth, lithology, strength, permeability, and porosity. The mining impact includes the goaf morphology, location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the coal pillars, roof fracture condition, floor failure depth, and corresponding bauxite layer mining area. The basic data acquisition module registers the source of the above data, writes fields, and performs spatial distribution correlation processing to generate the coal-aluminum spatial data. The coal and aluminum spatial data includes fields for spatial distribution, engineering geology, hydrogeology, structural conditions, and mining impact. The basic data acquisition module transmits the coal and aluminum spatial data to the non-contact detection module in the residual mining area as input for non-contact detection processing.

[0078] The non-contact detection module 02 for residual mining areas receives the coal-aluminum spatial data, controls a drone equipped with a 3D laser scanning device, gas sampling device, high-definition camera, and small water detection device to perform non-contact detection processing, generates residual mining area detection data, and transmits the residual mining area detection data to the hidden danger ledger generation module. Specifically, the non-contact detection module reads the spatial distribution field, hydrogeological field, and mining impact field from the coal-aluminum spatial data, and determines the range of the corresponding bauxite mining area in the residual coal seam mining area as the detection range. The drone serves as a mobile carrier carrying the 3D laser scanning device, gas sampling device, high-definition camera, and small water detection device. The 3D laser scanning device collects the morphology of the goaf and the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars. The gas sampling device collects the methane and carbon monoxide concentrations. The high-definition camera collects the roof fracture condition, coal pillar integrity, and goaf water interface. The small water detection device collects the water level, water volume, and water distribution range. The non-contact detection module for residual mining areas maps the collected results to the collected locations to generate the residual mining area detection data. The residual mining area detection data includes geometric detection fields, gas detection fields, image detection fields, and water accumulation detection fields. The non-contact detection module for the residual mining area transmits the detection data to the hazard log generation module as input for record processing.

[0079] The hazard log generation module 03 receives the residual mining area detection data, processes records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points, and roof breakage, generates a hazard log, and transmits the hazard log to the inter-layer evaluation module. Specifically, the hazard log generation module reads the geometric detection field, gas detection field, image detection field, and water accumulation detection field from the residual mining area detection data. The geometric detection field is used to form goaf morphology records and residual coal pillar records. The gas detection field is used to form gas accumulation records and spontaneous combustion hazard point records. The image detection field is used to form roof breakage records, coal pillar integrity records, and goaf water accumulation interface records. The water accumulation detection field is used to form goaf water accumulation records. The hazard log generation module associates each record with the corresponding bauxite seam mining area and writes the location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite seam mining area into each record. The hazard log includes records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels. The hazard log generation module transmits the hazard log to the inter-layer evaluation module as input for measures roadway layout, exploratory drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing.

[0080] Inter-layer evaluation module 04 is used to receive the hazard log, perform measures roadway layout, exploratory drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing to generate inter-layer evaluation data, which is then transmitted to the stability zoning module. Specifically, the inter-layer evaluation module reads records of goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof fracture, and fracture channels from the hazard log, and maps these records to the corresponding bauxite mining areas. The inter-layer evaluation module configures measures roadway layout records according to the bauxite seam strike and configures exploratory drilling records based on the location, scale, and risk level in the hazard log. The exploratory boreholes are drilled from the measures roadway towards the bottom of the coal seam residual mining area. Borehole inspection is used to identify fracture development characteristics and fracture zone distribution. Borehole core sampling is used to obtain borehole cores of the coal-bauxite interlayer and to statistically analyze rock quality indicators. The rock mechanics tests are used to obtain uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle. The interlayer evaluation module merges the records of the roadway layout, drilling operations, borehole inspection, core samples, and rock mechanics tests to generate the interlayer evaluation data. This data includes interlayer thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, rock quality indicators, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and floor failure depth. The interlayer evaluation module transmits this data to the stability zoning module as input for correlation evaluation processing.

[0081] The stable zoning module 05 receives the inter-layer evaluation data, performs correlation evaluation processing on rock quality indicators, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, floor failure depth, and hidden danger area, generates stable zoning data, and transmits the stable zoning data to the collaborative mining scheme generation module. Specifically, the stable zoning module reads the rock quality indicators, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, floor failure depth, fracture development characteristics, and fracture zone distribution from the inter-layer evaluation data. The stable zoning module maps the rock quality indicators to the integrity state of the borehole core, maps the physical and mechanical parameters to the bearing state of the inter-layer rock strata, maps the permeability coefficient to the goaf water accumulation record and fracture channel record, and maps the floor failure depth to the roof fracture record and goaf morphology record. The stable zoning module generates hidden danger area correlation records based on the correspondence results, and forms stable areas, basically stable areas, and unstable areas accordingly. The stable zoning data includes stable area fields, basically stable area fields, unstable area fields, corresponding hidden danger record fields, inter-layer evaluation data source fields, and verification status fields. The stable partitioning module transmits the stable partitioning data to the collaborative mining scheme generation module as input for directional drilling diversion, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement, vertical projection association of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, stope and mine pillar layout, open space method and filling method partitioning processing.

[0082] The collaborative mining scheme generation module 06 receives the stable zoning data and performs directional drilling for drainage, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement, vertical projection association of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, stope and mine pillar layout, and zone processing using the open area method and filling method to generate a collaborative mining scheme. Specifically, the collaborative mining scheme generation module reads the stable area field, basically stable area field, unstable area field, and corresponding hidden danger record field from the stable zoning data. The collaborative mining scheme generation module associates water accumulation areas in the goaf with directional drilling for drainage and grouting and sealing, gas accumulation areas with gas extraction, spontaneous combustion hidden danger points with nitrogen injection or grouting, and basically stable and unstable areas with coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement. The collaborative mining scheme generation module reads the location, size, distribution characteristics, and integrity of the residual coal pillars from the records and associates the location of the residual coal pillars with the bauxite mining area through vertical projection. The collaborative mining scheme generation module arranges the stopes and pillars based on the vertical projection correlation results, ensuring that the bauxite pillars are located within the bearing area or stable area corresponding to the vertical projection of the remaining coal pillars, and that the bauxite stopes are located outside the goaf water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hazard point, and unstable area. The module generates open-field zoning records in stable areas and backfilling zoning records in unstable areas, and generates a mining and recovery sequence. The collaborative mining scheme includes directional drilling diversion records, grouting and sealing records, gas extraction records, nitrogen injection records, grouting records, coal-aluminum inter-layer grouting reinforcement records, vertical projection correlation records between remaining coal pillars and ore pillars, stope and pillar arrangement records, open-field zoning records, backfilling zoning records, and mining and recovery sequence records.

Claims

1. A method for the coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas, characterized in that, include: S100: Obtain the engineering geological overview, hydrogeological conditions, structural conditions and mining impact of the coal seam residual mining area, coal-aluminum interlayer strata and bauxite layer, and perform spatial distribution correlation processing to obtain coal-aluminum spatial data. S200. Based on the aforementioned coal and aluminum spatial data, a drone equipped with a three-dimensional laser scanning device, a gas sampling device, a high-definition camera device, and a small water detection device is used to perform non-contact detection processing to obtain residual mining area detection data. S300. Based on the residual mining area detection data, process the goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation areas, gas accumulation areas, spontaneous combustion hazard points and roof breakage records to obtain a hazard ledger. S400. Based on the aforementioned hazard log, measures such as roadway layout, detection drilling, borehole inspection, borehole core sampling, and rock mechanics testing are carried out to obtain interlayer evaluation data. S500. Based on the interlayer evaluation data, perform RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, base plate failure depth and hidden danger area correlation evaluation processing to obtain stable zoning data; S600. Based on the stable partition data, perform directional drilling for drainage, grouting and sealing, gas extraction, nitrogen injection, grouting, inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement, correlation of vertical projection of residual coal pillars and mine pillars, layout of stopes and mine pillars, and partitioning of open area and filling methods to obtain a collaborative mining scheme.

2. The method for coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The residual mining area detection data includes the goaf morphology, location, size, distribution characteristics, integrity of the coal pillars, gas concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, roof fracture condition, goaf water interface, water level, water volume, and water distribution range.

3. The method for coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment collects the morphology of the goaf and the location, size, and distribution characteristics of the remaining coal pillars; the gas sampling equipment collects the methane concentration and carbon monoxide concentration; the high-definition camera equipment collects the roof fracture condition, the integrity of the coal pillars, and the water interface in the goaf; and the small water detection equipment collects the water level, water volume, and water distribution range.

4. The method for coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hazard log includes records of goaf morphology, residual coal pillars, goaf water accumulation, gas accumulation, spontaneous combustion hazard points, roof breakage, and fissure channels. Each record includes the location, scale, risk level, and corresponding bauxite mining area.

5. The method for co-mining bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roadway is arranged along the strike of the bauxite layer. The detection borehole is constructed from the roadway toward the bottom of the coal seam residual mining area. The borehole is used to inspect and identify the characteristics of fracture development and the distribution of fracture zones. The borehole core is used to statistically analyze the RQD index.

6. The method for co-mining bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The interlayer evaluation data includes interlayer thickness, fracture development characteristics, fracture zone distribution, RQD index, physical and mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient, and base failure depth; the physical and mechanical parameters include uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle.

7. The method for co-mining bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stable zoning data includes stable regions, basically stable regions, and unstable regions; the stable regions correspond to the open field method zoning, the basically stable regions correspond to the coal-aluminum interlayer grouting reinforcement zoning, and the unstable regions correspond to the filling method zoning.

8. The method for coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the aforementioned collaborative mining scheme, water accumulation areas in the goaf correspond to directional drilling for drainage and grouting for sealing; gas accumulation areas correspond to directional drilling for gas extraction; potential spontaneous combustion points correspond to nitrogen injection or grouting; and basically stable and unstable areas correspond to inter-coal-aluminum grouting reinforcement.

9. The method for coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the aforementioned collaborative mining scheme, the bauxite pillar is located within the bearing area or stable area corresponding to the vertical projection of the remaining coal pillar, and the bauxite stope is located outside the water accumulation area, gas accumulation area, spontaneous combustion hazard point, and unstable area of ​​the goaf. The mining and recovery sequence includes advancing from the stable area to the unstable area, mining the stope first and then mining the pillar, segmented recovery, and simultaneous recovery and backfilling.

10. A system for the coordinated mining of bauxite resources in residual coal seam mining areas, characterized in that, The method for collaborative mining of bauxite resources in the residual mining area of ​​a coal seam according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes: a basic data acquisition module, a non-contact detection module for the residual mining area, a hidden danger ledger generation module, an inter-layer evaluation module, a stability zoning module, and a collaborative mining scheme generation module.

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