A mother top pipe shield integrated tunneling machine and construction method

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of heading machines, and provides a mother pipe jacking and shield integrated heading machine and a construction method, wherein the mother pipe jacking and shield integrated heading machine comprises: a shield assembly, the shield assembly comprising a shield front shield and a shield cutter head, the shield cutter head being driven and installed on the shield front shield; a pipe jacking assembly, the pipe jacking assembly comprising a pipe jacking front shield, a pipe jacking tail shield and a pipe jacking cutter head; when the diameter is changed, a plurality of pipe jacking front shield blocks connected in a head-to-tail manner are connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield to form the pipe jacking front shield, and the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutter head is detachably connected with a diameter expansion cutter head to form the pipe jacking cutter head; the pipe jacking tail shield is connected to the tail part of the pipe jacking front shield through a spherical hinge structure, and is used for enabling the pipe jacking front shield to rotate relative to the pipe jacking tail shield. The mother pipe jacking and shield integrated heading machine provided by the application combines the advantages of the shield machine and the pipe jacking machine, can realize diameter expansion of the cutter head, and can realize quick conversion between shield construction and pipe jacking construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machine technology, and in particular to an integrated tunneling machine and construction method for a mother-tube jacking and shield tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of underground space development, the demand for urban traffic tunnels and municipal tunnels is growing rapidly. There are various construction methods for urban traffic tunnels, most of which are conventional shield tunneling and pipe jacking. The excavation diameter is often determined in the design stage and does not change during the construction stage. In the existing technology, when different construction cross-sections have different dimensions, it is difficult to change the shield body. Moreover, after the shield machine is converted into a pipe jacking machine, the deviation correction and steering function of the pipe jacking machine in the operation mode is not taken into account, taking into account the turning advantage of the shield machine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated tunneling machine and construction method for a main-tube jacking and shield tunneling machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, mainly including the following aspects: The first aspect of this application provides an integrated tunneling machine for main tube jacking and secondary shield tunneling, comprising: A tunnel boring machine (TBM) assembly, comprising a front shield and a cutterhead, wherein the cutterhead is driven and mounted on the front shield; The pipe jacking assembly includes a pipe jacking front shield and a pipe jacking cutterhead; During the diameter change, multiple end-to-end connected pipe jacking front shields are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield to form the pipe jacking front shield. The outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead is detachably connected to an expansion cutterhead to form the pipe jacking cutterhead. At the tail of the pipe jacking front shield, a pipe jacking tail shield is connected by a ball joint structure to allow the pipe jacking front shield to rotate relative to the pipe jacking tail shield.

[0004] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the ball joint structure includes a ball joint body, one end of which is fixedly connected to the tail shield of the jacking pipe, and the surface of the other end is a spherical protrusion. A spherical groove is provided at the corresponding position of the tail of the front shield of the jacking pipe. The spherical protrusion and the spherical groove are rotatably engaged to realize the rotation of the front shield of the jacking pipe relative to the tail shield of the jacking pipe.

[0005] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: a sealing groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the spherical protrusion, and a sealing block and an inner sealing element are placed sequentially in the sealing groove in the direction away from the shield front shield. An adjustment groove is provided in the sealing groove near the shield front shield, and one end of the adjustment bolt is located in the adjustment groove, while the other end passes through the sealing groove and abuts against the sealing block.

[0006] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: a main lubrication hole is provided in the spherical protrusion along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of sub-lubrication holes are provided in the radial direction. One end of each sub-lubrication hole is connected to the main lubrication hole, and the other end penetrates the surface of the spherical protrusion.

[0007] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the surface of the spherical protrusion is also provided with an outer sealing element along the circumferential direction, and the outer sealing element is located on the outside of the main lubrication hole near the end of the jacking tube tail shield.

[0008] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: an anti-torsion structure is also provided between the front shield and the tail shield of the jacking pipe.

[0009] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: a middle shield is installed at the tail of the front shield of the shield, and multiple support shoes are arranged at intervals along the circumference on the outer wall of the middle shield. The support shoes are used to adjust the tunneling direction of the whole machine.

[0010] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the shield cutterhead includes a first planar cutterhead and a first arc-shaped cutterhead, which are connected; the diameter-expanding cutterhead includes a second planar cutterhead and a second arc-shaped cutterhead, which are connected. The first arc-shaped cutterhead is connected to the second flat cutterhead, and the shield cutter tip at the end of the first arc-shaped cutterhead is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip of the second flat cutterhead.

[0011] The second aspect of this application provides a construction method for the aforementioned integrated tunneling machine with a main pipe jacking and a secondary shield, the construction steps of which are as follows: The first tunnel section was constructed using shield tunneling components; The first working shaft is excavated at the location where the first section of tunnel construction is completed. The first working shaft is used to receive the shield tunneling components. At least one shield block is hoisted into and placed at a preset position at the bottom of the first working shaft, and the shield assembly is advanced from the first tunnel section to the preset position of the shield block. The shield assembly is enlarged and transformed into a pipe jacking assembly. In this process, the remaining pipe jacking front shield blocks are installed on the outer wall of the shield front shield, so that multiple pipe jacking front shield blocks form a pipe jacking front shield. An enlarged cutterhead is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead to form a pipe jacking cutterhead. A pipe jacking tail shield is installed at the tail end of the pipe jacking front shield, and the pipe jacking front shield and the pipe jacking tail shield are connected by a ball joint structure. The first working shaft was used as the starting shaft for the pipe jacking assembly, and the second tunnel section was constructed using the pipe jacking assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes: A hinged hydraulic cylinder is installed between the front shield and the middle shield of the tunnel boring machine; The control articulated hydraulic cylinder is locked, and the tunneling direction of the front shield is adjusted by adjusting the stroke difference between multiple support shoes.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects: The integrated tunneling machine for both main and auxiliary tunnel boring machines (TBMs) provided in this application allows for diameter changes. When the TBM assembly is converted into a TBM assembly for expansion, multiple TBM front shield blocks are simply installed on the outer wall of the TBM front shield to form the expanded TBM front shield. An expanded cutterhead is then installed on the outer periphery of the TBM cutterhead to form the expanded TBM cutterhead. This process is quick and simple, and does not damage the integrity of the TBM cutterhead. For diameter reduction, only the TBM cutterhead and TBM front shield need to be disassembled. The TBM and TBM can quickly transform their structures in their original positions, solving the problem of difficult equipment conversion for different construction cross-sections. Furthermore, when the TBM assembly is converted into a TBM assembly for diameter expansion, the TBM front shield and TBM tail shield are connected only by a ball joint structure, making installation and disassembly more convenient. The TBM tail shield can transfer thrust to the TBM front shield through the ball joint structure. Additionally, the tunneling direction can be adjusted by rotating the TBM front shield relative to the ball joint structure to adapt to different working conditions. Therefore, the integrated tunneling machine for both tunnel boring machines (TBMs) and tunnel jacking machines provided in this application combines the advantages of both. It can achieve both cutterhead diameter adjustment and rapid conversion between TBM and TBM construction, thus solving the problems of single equipment construction mode and difficulty in changing construction methods. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated tunneling machine with a main pipe jacking and a secondary shield in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ball joint structure in this application; Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the pipe jacking cutterhead in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the support boots in this application.

[0016] In the picture: 1. Pipe jacking front shield; 111. Pipe jacking front shield segment; 112. Spherical groove; 3. Pipe jacking tail shield; 67. Pipe jacking cutterhead; 7. Expanding cutterhead; 71. Second planar cutterhead; 72. Second arc-shaped cutterhead; 73. Expanding cutter tip; 67. Pipe jacking cutterhead; 2. Ball joint structure; 27. Ball joint body; 28. Spherical protrusion; 281. Sealing groove; 23. Sealing block; 24. Inner seal; 29. ​​Adjusting groove; 21. Adjusting bolt; 25. Main lubrication hole; 251. Sub-lubrication hole; 26. Outer seal; 20. Ball joint center; 22. Locking nut; 6. Shield cutterhead; 61. First planar cutterhead; 62. First arc-shaped cutterhead; 63. Shield cutterhead tip; 12. Shield front shield; 13. Shield middle shield; 4. Boots support; 8. Slag discharge components; 9. Top ring; 10. Pushing component; 101. Pushing cylinder; 11. Lean back. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following description provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various features of this application. The elements and arrangements described in the specific examples below are only for concise expression of this application and are merely examples, not intended to limit this application.

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to represent selected embodiments of this application.

[0019] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above or below" a first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on" a first feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" a first feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] With the continuous development of underground space, the demand for urban traffic tunnels and municipal tunnels is growing rapidly. There are various construction methods for urban traffic tunnels, most of which are conventional shield tunneling or pipe jacking. The excavation diameter is often determined in the design phase and does not change during construction. However, in actual tunnel construction, different diameter tunnels need to be excavated at different locations. In existing technologies, when a tunnel boring machine (TBM) changes diameter during the excavation of the same tunnel, the following problems may arise: 1. When it is necessary to excavate cross-sections of different sizes, there are problems such as the need to disassemble many parts, size mismatch, and installation difficulties when converting shield tunneling components into pipe jacking components.

[0022] 2. Moreover, after the tunnel boring machine was converted into a pipe jacking machine, the correction and steering functions of the pipe jacking machine in the operation mode were not considered, taking into account the turning advantages of the tunnel boring machine.

[0023] 3. The integrity of the cutter head will be compromised when the diameter changes, and the strength will be weakened accordingly.

[0024] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated tunneling machine and construction method for a main-tube jacking and shield tunneling machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, mainly including the following aspects: Example 1: Embodiment 1 of this application provides an integrated tunneling machine for both main tunnel and secondary shield tunneling, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes: A tunnel boring machine (TBM) assembly includes a front shield 12 and a cutterhead 6, the cutterhead 6 being driven and mounted on the front shield 12. For example, the front shield 12 is a steel pipe, with its outer wall abutting against the tunnel wall to support it and maintain the stability of the surrounding strata. The cutterhead 6 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the front shield 12, and a cutterhead drive unit is installed within the front shield 12. This drive unit drives the cutterhead 6 to rotate, excavating the tunnel. The rear end of the front shield 12 is equipped with a middle shield 13, a tail shield, propulsion cylinders, etc., to achieve tunnel excavation.

[0025] The pipe jacking assembly includes a front shield 1 and a cutterhead 67. For example, the front shield 1 is a steel pipe, the outer wall of which abuts against the tunnel wall to support it and maintain the stability of the surrounding strata. The cutterhead 67 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the front shield 1, and a cutterhead drive is installed within the front shield 1 to drive the cutterhead 67 to rotate and excavate the tunnel.

[0026] During diameter changes, multiple end-to-end pipe jacking shield blocks 111 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield 12 to form the pipe jacking shield 1. In some optional embodiments, at least two pipe jacking shield blocks 111 can be provided, or four pipe jacking shield blocks 111, six pipe jacking shield blocks 111, etc. The provision of pipe jacking shield blocks 111 facilitates transportation and assembly, and when one of them is damaged, it can be replaced individually, reducing maintenance costs.

[0027] In some optional embodiments, after multiple pipe jacking shield blocks 111 are connected to form an annular pipe jacking shield 1, a portion of the inner wall of the pipe jacking shield 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield 12 to form an integral whole. This allows for rapid transformation of the shield body from a small diameter to a large diameter when changing diameters, while retaining the shield front shield 12, increasing the stability and strength of the pipe jacking shield 1. Furthermore, when it is necessary to transform the large-diameter pipe jacking shield 1 into a small-diameter shield front shield 12 in the future, it is only necessary to disassemble the pipe jacking shield blocks 111.

[0028] In some alternative embodiments, the jacking shield 1 and the shield shield 12 can be connected by welding or by bolts, which facilitates disassembly and replacement.

[0029] The outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 6 can be detachably connected to the expansion cutterhead 7 to form the jacking cutterhead 67.

[0030] In some optional embodiments, the expanding cutterhead 7 can be configured as multiple expanding cutterhead blocks, such as 2, 4, or 6 blocks. When changing the diameter, the expanding cutterhead 7 only needs to be installed onto the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 6 to achieve the diameter expansion. Optionally, the expanding cutterhead 7 can be detachably connected to the shield cutterhead 6 by bolts, snap-fits, or other means. This method of expanding the cutterhead diameter is fast and efficient, does not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead 6, and does not weaken the strength of the shield cutterhead 6. When it is necessary to modify the large-diameter jacking cutterhead 67 into a small-diameter shield cutterhead 6 in the future, it is only necessary to disassemble the expanding cutterhead 7, which is efficient and convenient. The disassembled expanding cutterhead 7 can be reused multiple times.

[0031] A pipe jacking tail shield 3 is connected to the tail of the pipe jacking front shield 1 via a ball joint structure 2, allowing the pipe jacking front shield 1 to rotate relative to the pipe jacking tail shield 3. For example, after the pipe jacking front shield 1 and the pipe jacking cutterhead 67 are installed, the pipe jacking tail shield 3 is installed at the tail of the pipe jacking front shield 1, and then the pipe jacking front shield 1 and the pipe jacking tail shield 3 are connected via the ball joint structure 2, so that the contact between the pipe jacking front shield 1 and the pipe jacking tail shield 3 is a ball joint. The thrust of the pipe jacking tail shield 3 can be transmitted to the pipe jacking front shield 1 through the ball joint structure 2, and the pipe jacking front shield 1 can also rotate around the center 20 of the ball joint, used to achieve correction and direction adjustment of the pipe jacking front shield 1 for initial excavation. For example, after the diameter of the shield and cutterhead is changed, the direction of the tunnel to be excavated in the next section of the tunnel jacking machine mode may be different from the direction of the tunnel to be excavated in the shield machine mode before the diameter change, or the direction of the tunnel to be excavated in the next section of the tunnel jacking machine mode may be the same as the direction of the tunnel to be excavated in the shield machine mode before the diameter change. However, due to the deviation of the tunneling direction of the tunnel jacking assembly caused by the diameter change operation, this application can adjust the direction of the shield front shield 12 by controlling the direction adjustment. Combining the advantage that the shield front shield 12 has a small diameter and is easier to turn, the tunnel front shield 1 can be further driven to rotate relative to the tail shield 3 of the tunnel jacking through the ball joint structure 2 to the required tunneling direction.

[0032] The integrated tunneling machine for both the main tunnel and the shield provided in this application, when requiring diameter change, can be transformed into a jacking assembly for expansion by simply installing multiple jacking front shield blocks 111 on the outer wall of the shield front shield 12 to form an expanded jacking front shield 1. An expanded cutterhead 7 can be installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 6 to form an expanded jacking cutterhead 67. This process is quick and simple, and does not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead 6. When reducing the diameter, only the jacking cutterhead 67 and the jacking front shield 1 need to be disassembled. The jacking machine and the shield machine can quickly achieve structural transformation in their original positions, solving the problem of difficult equipment conversion for different construction cross-sections. Meanwhile, in this application, when the shield assembly is converted into a pipe jacking assembly for diameter expansion, the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 are connected only by a ball joint structure 2, making their installation and disassembly more convenient. The tail shield 3 can transfer thrust to the front shield 1 through the ball joint structure 2. Furthermore, the tunneling direction can be adjusted by rotating the front shield 1 relative to the ball joint structure 2 to adapt to different working conditions. Therefore, the integrated mother-pipe and daughter-shield tunneling machine provided in this application combines the advantages of both shield machines and pipe jacking machines. It can achieve both cutterhead diameter adjustment and rapid conversion between shield construction and pipe jacking construction, solving the problems of single equipment construction mode and difficulty in changing construction methods.

[0033] According to some optional embodiments, the ball joint structure 2 includes a ball joint body 27 with a ball joint center 20. The ball joint body 27 is bowl-shaped. One end of the ball joint body 27 is fixedly connected to the tail shield 3 of the jacking pipe. For example, the ball joint body 27 can be connected to the front shield of the tail shield 3 by bolts, welding, etc. The surface of the other end is a spherical protrusion 28. A spherical groove 112 is provided at the corresponding position of the tail of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe. The spherical protrusion 28 and the spherical groove 112 are rotatably engaged, so that a ball joint is formed between the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe and the tail shield 3 of the jacking pipe. This is used to realize that the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe rotates relative to the tail shield 3 around the ball joint center 20, thereby adjusting the tunneling direction of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe. In this application, when the ball joint structure 2 is subjected to thrust, the spherical protrusion 28 and the spherical groove 112 are tightly attached and squeezed to transmit the thrust to the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe.

[0034] In some alternative embodiments, a plate can be installed on the inner wall of the tail of the jacking pipe shield 1, and a spherical groove 112 can be provided on the plate so that the spherical groove 112 cooperates with the spherical protrusion 28.

[0035] According to some optional embodiments, a sealing groove 281 is formed circumferentially on the surface of the spherical protrusion 28. A sealing block 23 and an inner sealing element 24 are sequentially placed in the sealing groove 281 in a direction away from the shield front shield 12, and the sealing block 23 and the inner sealing element 24 are in contact. An adjustment groove 29 is formed in the sealing groove 281 near the shield front shield 12. One end of the adjustment bolt 21 is located in the adjustment groove 29, and the other end passes through the sealing groove 281 and abuts against the sealing block 23.

[0036] A locking nut 22 is also installed in the adjusting groove 29. The locking nut 22 is fitted onto the adjusting bolt 21, and the adjusting bolt 21 can be fixed by rotating the locking nut 22. The adjusting bolt 21 can be tightened to press against the sealing block 23, which in turn squeezes the inner seal 24, making the inner seal 24 fit more tightly against the inner wall of the spherical groove 112, preventing water, slurry, etc. from entering the jacking pipe assembly.

[0037] In some alternative embodiments, the inner seal 24 is a sealing gasket or the like.

[0038] According to some optional embodiments, the spherical protrusion 28 is provided with a main lubrication hole 25. One end of the main lubrication hole 25 is connected to the adjusting groove 29, allowing oil to be injected at this end, while the other end is a closed structure. A plurality of sub-lubrication holes 251 are arranged radially, spaced apart. One end of each sub-lubrication hole 251 is connected to the main lubrication hole 25, and the other end penetrates the surface of the spherical protrusion 28. For example, by injecting lubricating oil into the main lubrication hole 25, the lubricating oil can flow sequentially into the plurality of sub-lubrication holes 251, allowing the lubricating oil to flow more evenly and fully onto the contact surface between the spherical protrusion 28 and the spherical groove 112, ensuring the normal swinging of the jacking pipe front shield 1.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments, the sub-lubrication hole 251, which is away from the inner seal 24, is arranged perpendicularly to the main lubrication hole 25, and the sub-lubrication hole 251 adjacent to the inner seal 24 is inclined toward the inner seal 24.

[0040] According to some optional embodiments, the surface of the spherical protrusion 28 is further provided with an outer sealing element 26 along the circumferential direction. The outer sealing element 26 is a sealing gasket. The outer sealing element 26 is located on the outer side of the main lubrication hole 25 near the end of the jacking pipe tail shield 3, so as to prevent external dust, slag and other debris from entering the contact surface of the spherical protrusion 28 and the spherical groove 112, as well as entering the sub-lubrication hole 251, thereby ensuring that the jacking pipe front shield 1 rotates normally relative to the ball hinge structure 2.

[0041] According to some optional embodiments, an anti-torsion structure is also provided between the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 of the jacking pipe to prevent the jacking cutterhead 67 from causing relative rotation between the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 under the action of rotational inertia.

[0042] According to some optional embodiments, a middle shield 13 is installed at the tail of the front shield 12. Multiple support shoes 4 are spaced circumferentially along the outer wall of the middle shield 13. These support shoes 4 are used to adjust the overall tunneling direction of the machine. For example, when adjusting the tunneling direction of the front shield 1, the hinge cylinder between the front shield 12 and the middle shield 13 is first locked. Then, the stroke difference of the support shoes 4 at different positions is adjusted to drive the front shield 12. The front shield 12 drives the front shield 1 to swing around the ball joint center 20 in different directions, thereby achieving correction and adjustment of the front shield 1. This fully utilizes the tunnel boring machine's turning advantage to achieve directional adjustment of the tunnel boring machine.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments, the support shoes 4 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the shield 13 in the shield machine, which facilitates the adjustment of the direction. Considering the effect of gravity, the distance between two adjacent support shoes 4 near the bottom of the shield 13 in the shield machine is smaller than the distance between two adjacent support shoes 4 at the top, so that the direction of the front shield 12 of the shield machine can be adjusted more accurately and quickly.

[0044] According to some alternative embodiments, along the axial direction of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe, the cutterhead 6 of the shield tunneling machine is offset from the cutterhead 7 of the expansion cutterhead 7, and the cutterhead 6 of the shield tunneling machine is located in front of the expansion cutterhead 7.

[0045] According to some optional embodiments, the shield cutterhead 6 includes a first planar cutterhead 61 and a first arc-shaped cutterhead 62, which are connected and can be integrally formed. The expanding cutterhead 7 includes a second planar cutterhead 71 and a second arc-shaped cutterhead 72, which are connected and can be integrally formed.

[0046] The first arc-shaped cutterhead 62 is connected to the second flat cutterhead 71, and the shield cutter tip 63 at the end of the first arc-shaped cutterhead 62 is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip 73 of the second flat cutterhead 71. That is, the shield cutter tip 63 of the outermost cutter in the area of ​​the first arc-shaped cutterhead 62 is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip 73 of the cutter on the second flat cutterhead 71.

[0047] In the above scheme, when the shield cutter tip 63 of the outermost cutter in the first arc-shaped cutterhead 62 region is aligned with the expanded diameter cutter tip 73 of the cutter on the second plane cutterhead 71, the component of the expanded diameter cutterhead 7 located at the tail of the cutterhead is connected to the component of the shield cutterhead 6 located at the tail of the cutterhead by bolts. The expanded diameter cutterhead 7 will not be connected to the cutter of the shield cutterhead 6 during connection, and will not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead 6 or weaken its strength. The cost of diameter conversion is low, and the diameter conversion process is simple and quick. It can also realize the diameter conversion of the cutterhead within a large range to adapt to the requirements of different excavation cross-section sizes.

[0048] Example 2: Embodiment 2 of this application provides a construction method for the above-mentioned integrated tunneling machine with main tube jacking and secondary shield tunneling, and the construction steps are as follows: The first tunnel section is constructed using shield tunneling components. For example, the propulsion device sequentially advances the tail shield, front shield 12, and cutterhead 6 of the shield. The cutterhead drive drives the cutterhead 6 to rotate, thereby realizing the construction of the first tunnel section. At the same time, the muck discharge component 8 can promptly discharge the debris during construction.

[0049] At the completion point of the first tunnel section, a first working shaft is excavated. This first working shaft serves to receive the tunnel boring machine (TBM) assembly. After the first working shaft is excavated, at least one front shield segment 111 can be hoisted into and placed at a predetermined position at the bottom of the first working shaft using a crane. A propulsion device is then used to advance the TBM assembly from the first tunnel section to the predetermined position of the front shield segment 111. Pre-hoisting the front shield segment 111 into the first working shaft facilitates rapid subsequent assembly of the front shield 1, eliminating the need for multiple hoistings of the TBM assembly.

[0050] The shield tunneling assembly is modified into a pipe jacking assembly by enlarging its diameter. For example, the outer wall of the shield front shield 12 can be cleaned and polished to facilitate the subsequent installation of the pipe jacking front shield segment 111 on the outer wall of the shield front shield 12. Specifically, the remaining pipe jacking front shield segments 111 are installed on the outer wall of the shield front shield 12, forming a pipe jacking front shield 1. Then, the pipe jacking front shield 1 is fixedly connected to the shield front shield 12, completing the diameter enlargement of the shield body. An enlarged diameter cutterhead 7 is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 6 to form a pipe jacking cutterhead 67.

[0051] A pipe jacking tail shield 3 is installed at the tail end of the pipe jacking front shield 1, and the pipe jacking front shield 1 and the pipe jacking tail shield 3 are connected by a ball joint structure 2; multiple support shoes 4 are installed on the outer wall of the shield 13 in the shield tunnel; a jacking component 10, including a top ring 9, a jacking cylinder 101, a rear support 11 and other related equipment, is installed at the end of the pipe jacking tail shield 3.

[0052] The first working shaft is used as the starting shaft for the pipe jacking assembly, and the second tunnel section is constructed using the pipe jacking assembly. The normal construction process of the pipe jacking assembly is as follows: the thrust of the jacking cylinder 101 is transmitted to the precast pipe section through the top ring 9, the precast pipe section is transmitted to the tail shield 3, and then the thrust is transmitted to the front shield 1 through the ball joint structure 2. The front shield 1 then transmits the thrust to the shield front shield 12, the main drive, and the pipe jacking cutterhead 67.

[0053] In some alternative embodiments, a second working shaft may be excavated at the end of the second tunnel section. The second working shaft is used to receive the pipe jacking assembly. The front shield block 111 and the diameter-expanding cutterhead 7 can be removed in the second working shaft to complete the diameter reduction and restore the shield assembly. The second working shaft is used as the starting shaft of the shield assembly, that is, as the starting shaft for small-diameter construction.

[0054] Therefore, the construction method provided by this invention is applicable to scenarios in urban tunnel construction where there is a need for variable diameter excavation or shield / pipe jacking mode conversion. It can quickly realize the mode conversion between shield machine and pipe jacking machine, and can also meet the needs of different excavation diameters by relying on the variable diameter of the cutterhead, thus having a wider range of applications.

[0055] Furthermore, it also includes: Install a hinge cylinder between the front shield 12 and the middle shield 13 of the shield, or retain the original hinge cylinder between the front shield 12 and the middle shield 13 of the shield. When the current tunneling direction of the front shield 1 is not the desired direction, the hinge cylinder can be locked by controlling the control room to keep the front shield 12 and the middle shield 13 of the shield stable. Then, by adjusting the stroke difference between at least some of the multiple support shoes 4, the front shield 12 of the shield is driven to swing, thereby driving the front shield 1 of the tunnel to rotate around the ball hinge center 20 to the desired tunneling direction.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated tunneling machine for both main tunnel and secondary shield tunneling, characterized in that, include: The shield assembly includes a shield front shield (12) and a shield cutterhead (6), the shield cutterhead (6) being driven and mounted on the shield front shield (12); The pipe jacking assembly includes a pipe jacking front shield (1) and a pipe jacking cutterhead (67). During the diameter change, multiple pipe jacking front shield blocks (111) connected end to end are connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield (12) to form the pipe jacking front shield (1), and the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead (6) is detachably connected to the expansion cutterhead (7) to form the pipe jacking cutterhead (67); at the tail of the pipe jacking front shield (1), a pipe jacking tail shield (3) is connected through a ball joint structure (2) to enable the pipe jacking front shield (1) to rotate relative to the pipe jacking tail shield (3).

2. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ball joint structure (2) includes a ball joint body (27), one end of which is fixedly connected to the tail shield (3) of the jacking pipe, and the surface of the other end is a spherical protrusion (28). A spherical groove (112) is provided at the corresponding position of the tail of the front shield (1) of the jacking pipe. The spherical protrusion (28) and the spherical groove (112) are rotatably engaged to realize the rotation of the front shield (1) of the jacking pipe relative to the tail shield (3).

3. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A sealing groove (281) is provided circumferentially on the surface of the spherical protrusion (28). A sealing block (23) and an inner sealing element (24) are placed in the sealing groove (281) in a direction away from the shield front shield (12). An adjustment groove (29) is provided in the sealing groove (281) near the shield front shield (12). One end of the adjustment bolt (21) is located in the adjustment groove (29), and the other end passes through the sealing groove (281) and abuts against the sealing block (23).

4. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The spherical protrusion (28) is provided with a main lubrication hole (25) and a plurality of sub-lubrication holes (251) are provided radially. One end of the sub-lubrication hole (251) is connected to the main lubrication hole (25), and the other end penetrates the surface of the spherical protrusion (28).

5. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the spherical protrusion (28) is also provided with an outer seal (26) along the circumferential direction. The outer seal (26) is located on the outer side of the main lubrication hole (25) near the end of the jacking shield (3).

6. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An anti-torsion structure is also provided between the front shield (1) and the tail shield (3) of the jacking pipe.

7. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front shield (12) of the shield is equipped with a middle shield (13) at its tail. Multiple support shoes (4) are arranged at circumferential intervals on the outer wall of the middle shield (13). The support shoes (4) are used to adjust the tunneling direction of the whole machine.

8. The integrated tunneling machine for mother-tube jacking and son-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shield cutterhead (6) includes a first planar cutterhead (61) and a first arc-shaped cutterhead (62), which are connected together; the enlarged diameter cutterhead (7) includes a second planar cutterhead (71) and a second arc-shaped cutterhead (72), which are connected together; The first arc-shaped cutterhead (62) is connected to the second flat cutterhead (71), and the shield cutter tip (63) at the end of the first arc-shaped cutterhead (62) is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip (73) of the second flat cutterhead (71).

9. A construction method for an integrated tunneling machine with a main pipe jacking and a secondary shield as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The construction steps are as follows: The first tunnel section was constructed using shield tunneling components; The first working shaft is excavated at the location where the first section of tunnel construction is completed. The first working shaft is used to receive the shield tunneling components. At least one front shield block (111) is hoisted into and placed at a preset position at the bottom of the first working shaft, and the shield assembly is advanced from the first tunnel section to the preset position of the front shield block (111). The shield assembly is enlarged and transformed into a pipe jacking assembly. The remaining pipe jacking front shield blocks (111) are installed on the outer wall of the shield front shield (12) to form a pipe jacking front shield (1) by multiple pipe jacking front shield blocks (111). An enlarged diameter cutterhead (7) is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead (6) to form a pipe jacking cutterhead (67). Install a pipe jacking tail shield (3) at the tail end of the pipe jacking front shield (1), and connect the pipe jacking front shield (1) and the pipe jacking tail shield (3) through a ball joint structure (2); In the shield tunnel, support boots (4) are installed on the outer wall of the shield (13); The first working shaft was used as the starting shaft for the pipe jacking assembly, and the second tunnel section was constructed using the pipe jacking assembly.

10. The construction method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A hinged hydraulic cylinder is installed between the front shield (12) and the middle shield (13) of the shield tunnel; Control the locking of the articulated hydraulic cylinder and adjust the tunneling direction of the front shield (1) of the pipe jacking by adjusting the stroke difference between multiple support shoes (4).

Images