A female top pipe shield tunneling machine and construction method

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of heading machine, and provides a mother top pipe shield heading machine and a construction method, wherein the mother top pipe shield heading machine comprises a shield component, the shield component comprises a shield front shield and a shield cutter head, the shield cutter head is driven and installed on the shield front shield; a top pipe component comprises a top pipe cutter head, a top pipe front shield and a top pipe tail shield, the top pipe tail shield is connected with the top pipe front shield through an oil cylinder; when the diameter is changed, a plurality of top pipe front shield blocks connected in a head-to-tail mode are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield to form the top pipe front shield, and the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutter head is detachably connected with a diameter expansion cutter head to form the top pipe cutter head. The device can quickly realize diameter change and heading direction adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machine technology, and in particular to a mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of underground space, the demand for urban traffic tunnels and municipal tunnels is growing rapidly. There are various construction methods for urban traffic tunnels, most of which are conventional shield tunneling and pipe jacking. The excavation diameter is often determined in the design stage and does not change during the construction stage. In the existing technology, when different construction cross-sections have different dimensions, it is difficult to change the shield body. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine and its construction method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, mainly including the following: The first aspect of this application provides a mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine, comprising: A tunnel boring machine (TBM) assembly, comprising a front shield and a cutterhead, wherein the cutterhead is driven and mounted on the front shield; A pipe jacking assembly, the pipe jacking assembly including a pipe jacking front shield and a pipe jacking cutterhead, a pipe jacking tail shield is provided at the end of the pipe jacking front shield away from the pipe jacking cutterhead, and the pipe jacking tail shield is connected to the pipe jacking front shield by a hydraulic cylinder; During the diameter change, multiple end-to-end pipe jacking front shields are connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield to form the pipe jacking front shield, and the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead is detachably connected to an expansion cutterhead to form the pipe jacking cutterhead.

[0004] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the inner wall of the jacking shield is provided with a plurality of support shoes at intervals along the circumference, and the support shoes can extend radially toward the inner wall of the jacking shield to support the jacking shield.

[0005] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the inner wall of the jacking pipe front shield is provided with a first wall plate and a second wall plate spaced apart along the axial direction, the first wall plate and the second wall plate defining a receiving hole, the receiving hole being used to receive a support shoe.

[0006] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the support boot includes a support base and a fixed base. The bottom end of the support base is fixedly connected to the shield opening corresponding to the receiving hole, and the upper end is connected to the fixed base. The outer wall of the fixed base is connected to the corresponding first wall plate and second wall plate respectively. The support shoe cylinder is located inside the support base, with one end fixedly connected to the fixed base and the other end fixedly connected to the support shoe. The support shoe can extend out of the shield body opening.

[0007] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: along the axial direction of the jacking shield, the cutterhead of the shield tunneling machine is offset from the cutterhead of the expansion cutterhead, and the shield tunneling machine is located in front of the expansion cutterhead.

[0008] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the shield cutterhead includes a first planar cutterhead and a first arc-shaped cutterhead, which are connected; the diameter-expanding cutterhead includes a second planar cutterhead and a second arc-shaped cutterhead, which are connected. The first arc-shaped cutterhead is connected to the second flat cutterhead, and the shield cutter tip at the end of the first arc-shaped cutterhead is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip of the second flat cutterhead.

[0009] To further improve the implementation of this application, the following structure is specifically adopted: the hydraulic cylinder is a hinged hydraulic cylinder or a propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] The second aspect of this application provides a construction method for the aforementioned mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine, the construction steps of which are as follows: The first tunnel section was constructed using shield tunneling components; The first working shaft is excavated at the end of the first tunnel section construction, and the first working shaft is used to receive the shield assembly; At least one shield block is hoisted into and placed at a preset position at the bottom of the first working shaft, and the shield assembly is advanced from the first tunnel section to the preset position of the shield block. The shield assembly is enlarged and transformed into a pipe jacking assembly. The remaining pipe jacking front shield blocks are installed on the outer wall of the shield front shield, so that multiple pipe jacking front shield blocks form a pipe jacking front shield. An enlarged cutterhead is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead to form a pipe jacking cutterhead. A pipe jacking tail shield is installed at the tail end of the pipe jacking front shield through a hydraulic cylinder. The first working shaft was used as the starting shaft for the pipe jacking assembly, and the second tunnel section was constructed using the pipe jacking assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder can be used to adjust the tunneling direction of the front shield of the pipe jacking project.

[0012] Furthermore, a jacking component is installed on one side of the tail shield of the pipe jacking project. The jacking component is used to push the front shield of the pipe jacking project forward.

[0013] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder is also used to push the front shield of the pipe jacking system, including the following steps: The hydraulic cylinder extends to a preset length and pushes the jacking shield forward; After the jacking shield moves to the preset position, the control support shoe extends and fixes the jacking shield to the tunnel wall; Control the hydraulic cylinder to return to its initial state.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects: The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine provided in this application, when requiring diameter reduction, can be converted from a shield assembly to a jacking assembly for diameter expansion by simply installing multiple jacking shield blocks on the outer wall of the front shield to form the expanded jacking shield. Similarly, an expanded cutterhead can be installed on the outer periphery of the cutterhead to form the expanded jacking cutterhead. This process is quick and simple, and does not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead. For diameter reduction, only the jacking cutterhead and the jacking shield need to be disassembled. This application also includes a hydraulic cylinder installed between the jacking shield and the tail shield. By controlling the hydraulic cylinder, the direction of the jacking shield can be adjusted to the desired direction, and when the thrust of the jacking component reaches its limit, the hydraulic cylinder can push the jacking shield to continue advancing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the shield tunneling machine being converted into a pipe jacking machine in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the support boots in this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the support boot in this application; Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the diameter expanding cutter head in this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the propulsion cylinder in the shield tunneling assembly in this application.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Pipe jacking front shield; 111. Pipe jacking front shield block; 12. First wall panel; 13. Second wall panel; 14. Receiving hole; 15. Support base; 16. Shield body opening; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 21. Fixed base; 22. Support shoe hydraulic cylinder; 23. Support shoe; 24. Steel nail; 20. Pushing hydraulic cylinder; 3. Pipe jacking tail shield; 4. Shield front shield; 5. Shield cutterhead; 51. First planar cutterhead; 52. First arc-shaped cutterhead; 53. Shield cutterhead tip; 56. Pipe jacking cutterhead; 6. Expanding cutter head; 61. Second flat cutter head; 62. Second arc-shaped cutter head; 63. Expanding cutter tip; 7. Support boots; 8. Slag discharge components; 9. Top ring; 10. Pushing component; 101. Pushing cylinder; 11. Lean back. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following description provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various features of this application. The elements and arrangements described in the specific examples below are only for concise expression of this application and are merely examples, not intended to limit this application.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to represent selected embodiments of this application.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above or below" a first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on" a first feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" a first feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] With the continuous development of underground space, the demand for urban traffic tunnels and municipal tunnels is growing rapidly. There are various construction methods for urban traffic tunnels, most of which are conventional shield tunneling or pipe jacking. The excavation diameter is often determined in the design phase and does not change during construction. However, in actual tunnel construction, different diameter tunnels need to be excavated at different locations. In existing technologies, when a tunnel boring machine (TBM) changes diameter during the excavation of the same tunnel, the following problems may arise: 1. When it is necessary to excavate cross-sections of different sizes, there are problems such as the need to disassemble many parts, size mismatch, and installation difficulties when converting shield tunneling components into pipe jacking components.

[0023] 2. After a tunnel boring machine is converted into a pipe jacking machine, the tunneling direction of the pipe jacking machine may deviate from the original direction, or the converted pipe jacking machine may not be able to change its tunneling direction to the required direction in pipe jacking machine mode.

[0024] 3. After a tunnel boring machine is converted into a pipe jacking machine, when the required tunnel is long, the pipe jacking machine may encounter the problem of being unable to move forward.

[0025] 4. The integrity of the cutter head will be compromised when the diameter changes, and the strength will be weakened accordingly.

[0026] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine and construction method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, mainly including the following: Example 1: Embodiment 1 of this application provides a mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes: The tunnel boring machine (TBM) assembly includes a front shield 4 and a cutterhead 5, with the cutterhead 5 driven and mounted on the front shield 4. For example, the front shield 4 is a steel pipe, with its outer wall abutting against the tunnel wall to support it and maintain the stability of the surrounding ground. The cutterhead 5 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the front shield 4, and a cutterhead drive unit is installed within the front shield 4. This drive unit drives the cutterhead 5 to rotate, thus excavating the tunnel. The rear end of the front shield 4 is equipped with a middle shield, a tail shield, propulsion cylinders, etc., to further excavate the tunnel.

[0027] The pipe jacking assembly includes a front shield 1 and a cutterhead 56. A tail shield 3 is located at the end of the front shield 1 furthest from the cutterhead 56. The tail shield 3 is connected to the front shield 1 via a hydraulic cylinder 2 for adjusting the direction of the front shield 1. For example, the front shield 1 is a steel pipe, with its outer wall abutting against the tunnel wall to support it and maintain the stability of the surrounding strata. The cutterhead 56 is rotatably mounted at the front end of the front shield 1, and a cutterhead drive is installed within the front shield 1 to drive the cutterhead 56 to rotate and excavate the tunnel. The tail shield 3 has the same structure as the front shield 1, both being steel pipes, and its diameter is also the same as that of the front shield 1. Based on this, a jacking component 10 is also installed at the end of the tail shield 3 of the pipe jacking machine. The jacking component 10 includes a top ring 9, a jacking cylinder 101, and a rear support 11. During construction, the jacking cylinder 101 extends to push the top ring 9, and the top ring 9 transmits the thrust to the tail shield 3, the front shield 1, and the cutterhead 56 of the pipe jacking machine in sequence to realize the tunneling of the pipe jacking machine.

[0028] During diameter changes, multiple end-to-end pipe jacking shield blocks 111 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield 4 to form the pipe jacking shield 1. In some optional embodiments, at least two pipe jacking shield blocks 111 can be provided, or four pipe jacking shield blocks 111, six pipe jacking shield blocks 111, etc. The provision of pipe jacking shield blocks 111 facilitates transportation and assembly, and when one of them is damaged, it can be replaced individually, reducing maintenance costs.

[0029] In some alternative embodiments, after multiple pipe jacking shield blocks 111 are connected to form an annular pipe jacking shield 1, a portion of the inner wall of the pipe jacking shield 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield 4 to form a whole. This allows for rapid transformation of the shield body from a small diameter to a large diameter when changing diameters, while retaining the shield front shield 4, increasing the stability and strength of the pipe jacking shield 1. Furthermore, when it is necessary to transform the large-diameter pipe jacking shield 1 into a small-diameter shield front shield 4 in the future, it is only necessary to disassemble the pipe jacking shield block 111.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments, the jacking shield 1 and the shield shield 4 can be connected by welding or by bolts, which facilitates disassembly and replacement.

[0031] The outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 5 is detachably connected to the expansion cutterhead 6 to form the jacking cutterhead 56. In some optional embodiments, the expansion cutterhead 6 can be configured as multiple expansion cutterhead blocks, such as 2, 4, or 6 blocks. When the diameter is changed, the expansion cutterhead 6 only needs to be installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 5 to achieve the diameter expansion. Optionally, the expansion cutterhead 6 can be detachably connected to the shield cutterhead 5 by bolts, snap-fits, or other means. This method of expanding the cutterhead diameter is fast and efficient, does not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead 5, and does not weaken the strength of the shield cutterhead 5. When it is necessary to modify the large-diameter jacking cutterhead 56 into a small-diameter shield front shield 4 in the future, it is only necessary to disassemble the expansion cutterhead 6, which is efficient and convenient. The disassembled expansion cutterhead 6 can be reused multiple times.

[0032] After the shield and cutterhead are resized, the direction of the tunnel to be excavated in the next section of the tunnel jacking machine mode may differ from the direction of the tunnel excavated in the previous shield machine mode, or it may be the same as the previous shield machine mode. However, due to the deviation in the excavation direction of the tunnel jacking assembly caused by the resized diameter modification operation, the direction of the front shield 1 of the tunnel jacking machine can be adjusted and corrected by controlling the hydraulic cylinder 2. At the same time, when the tunnel excavated in the tunnel jacking machine mode is long, when the thrust of the jacking component 10 reaches its limit, the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be activated to push the front shield 1 of the tunnel jacking machine forward to ensure the normal operation of the tunneling work.

[0033] Therefore, when the diameter of the mother-to-son shield tunneling machine provided in this application needs to be changed, and when the shield assembly is modified into a jacking assembly for diameter expansion, it is only necessary to install multiple jacking front shield blocks 111 on the outer wall of the front shield 4 to form the expanded jacking front shield 1, and to install the diameter-expanding cutterhead 6 on the outer peripheral wall of the cutterhead 5 to form the expanded jacking cutterhead 56. This process is quick and simple, and will not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead. When reducing the diameter, it is only necessary to disassemble the jacking cutterhead 56 and the jacking front shield 1, which solves the problem of difficulty in converting different construction section sizes. In this application, a hydraulic cylinder 2 is also installed between the jacking front shield 1 and the jacking tail shield 3. By controlling the hydraulic cylinder 2, the direction of the jacking front shield 1 can be adjusted to the required direction, and when the thrust of the jacking component 10 reaches the limit value, the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be used to push the jacking front shield 1 to continue to advance.

[0034] According to some optional embodiments, the inner wall of the jacking shield 1 is provided with a plurality of support shoes 7 at circumferential intervals. The support shoes 7 can be 2, 3, 4, etc. The support shoes 7 can extend radially toward the inner wall of the jacking shield 1 to support the jacking shield 1.

[0035] In the above scheme, after the hydraulic cylinder 2 pushes the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe, the support shoe 7 extends along the radial direction of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe and toward the inner wall of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe, providing support for the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe, reducing or avoiding the axial movement of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe, so that the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe provides support force to the hydraulic cylinder 2, so that the hydraulic cylinder 2 retracts and pulls the tail shield 3 of the jacking pipe to move, ensuring the normal operation of the tunnel construction.

[0036] According to some alternative embodiments, the support shoe 7 is at least disposed on the inner wall of the jacking shield 1 near the tunnel roof.

[0037] In some alternative embodiments, a plurality of support boots 7 may be arranged on the upper half of the circumferential portion of the jacking shield 1 to fix the jacking shield 1 to the tunnel wall.

[0038] In some alternative embodiments, multiple support boots 7 may be arranged around the circumference of the jacking shield 1 to make the jacking shield 1 more securely fixed to the tunnel wall.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, there is a mapping relationship between the support shoes 7 and the hydraulic cylinders 2, which stabilizes the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe and provides sufficient pulling force from the hydraulic cylinders 2 to the tail shield 3 of the jacking pipe. For example, the number of support shoes 7 is mapped to the number of hydraulic cylinders 2, and the position of the support shoes 7 is mapped to the position of the hydraulic cylinders 2.

[0040] According to some optional embodiments, the inner wall of the jacking pipe front shield 1 is provided with a first wall plate 12 and a second wall plate 13 spaced apart along the axial direction. The first wall plate 12 and the second wall plate 13 define a receiving hole 14. The receiving hole 14 is used to receive the support shoe 7, prevent dust and other substances from entering the support shoe 7, ensure the normal operation of the support shoe 7, and extend the service life of the support shoe 7.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, the first wall panel 12 and the second wall panel 13 are arranged in parallel. The structures of the first wall panel 12 and the second wall panel 13 can be the same or different. For example, the first wall panel 12 and the second wall panel 13 can be a closed annular structure or a block structure, and multiple of them are arranged at intervals along the inner wall of the jacking pipe front shield 1.

[0042] According to some optional embodiments, the support shoe 7 includes a support base 15 and a fixing base 21. The support base 15 has a hollow structure. The bottom end of the support base 15 is fixedly connected to the shield opening 16 corresponding to the bottom of the receiving hole 14. For example, the bottom end of the support base 15 is connected to the inner wall of the shield opening 16 of the jacking pipe front shield 1 by welding or bolting. The upper end of the support base 15 is connected to the fixing base 21 by bolting. The outer wall of the fixing base 21 is connected to the corresponding first wall plate 12 and second wall plate 13 by welding or bolting, respectively, for fixing the support shoe cylinder 22.

[0043] The hydraulic cylinder 22 for the support shoe is located inside the support base 15. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support shoe 23 by bolts. The bottom of the support shoe 23 is also provided with a number of steel nails 24. When the support shoe 7 is working, the hydraulic cylinder 22 for the support shoe can extend, thereby pushing the end of the support shoe 23 out of the shield opening 16 and abutting against the tunnel wall. The steel nails 24 can increase the friction between the support shoe 23 and the shield wall, so that the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe can be stably maintained in the current position. When the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe needs to advance, the support shoe 23 leaves the tunnel wall and retracts into the shield opening 16.

[0044] According to some alternative embodiments, along the axial direction of the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe, the cutterhead 5 of the shield tunneling machine is offset from the cutterhead 6 of the expansion cutterhead 6, and the cutterhead 5 of the shield tunneling machine is located in front of the expansion cutterhead 6.

[0045] According to some optional embodiments, the shield cutterhead 5 includes a first planar cutterhead 51 and a first arc-shaped cutterhead 52, which are connected and can be integrally formed. The expanding cutterhead 6 includes a second planar cutterhead 61 and a second arc-shaped cutterhead 62, which are connected and can be integrally formed.

[0046] The first arc-shaped cutterhead 52 is connected to the second flat cutterhead 61, and the shield cutter tip 53 at the end of the first arc-shaped cutterhead 52 is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip 63 of the second flat cutterhead 61. That is, the shield cutter tip 53 of the outermost cutter in the area of ​​the first arc-shaped cutterhead 52 is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip 63 of the cutter on the second flat cutterhead 61.

[0047] In the above scheme, when the shield cutter tip 53 of the outermost cutter in the first arc-shaped cutterhead 52 region is aligned with the expanded diameter cutter tip 63 of the cutter on the second flat cutterhead 61, the component of the expanded diameter cutterhead 6 located at the tail of the cutterhead is connected to the component of the shield cutterhead 5 located at the tail of the cutterhead by bolts. The expanded diameter cutterhead 6 will not be connected to the cutter of the shield cutterhead 5 during connection, and will not damage the integrity of the shield cutterhead 5 or weaken the strength of the shield cutterhead 5. The diameter conversion cost is low, and the diameter conversion process is simple and quick.

[0048] According to some alternative embodiments, the hydraulic cylinder 2 is an articulated hydraulic cylinder or a propulsion hydraulic cylinder 20.

[0049] In some alternative embodiments, the hydraulic cylinders used when connecting the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 of the tunnel boring machine can be articulated cylinders. These articulated cylinders can be all selected from the articulated cylinders in the shield assembly; or a portion can be selected from the articulated cylinders in the shield assembly, and the other portion can be selected from the propulsion cylinder 20 or other articulated cylinders in the shield assembly.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments, the hydraulic cylinders used when connecting the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 of the tunnel jacking can be propulsion cylinders 20. These propulsion cylinders 20 can be entirely selected from the propulsion cylinders in the shield assembly; or a portion can be selected from the propulsion cylinders in the shield assembly, and the other portion can be selected from the articulation cylinders or other propulsion cylinders in the shield assembly.

[0051] Example 2: Embodiment 2 of this application provides a construction method for the above-mentioned mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine, and the construction steps are as follows: The first tunnel section is constructed using shield tunneling components. For example, the propulsion device sequentially advances the tail shield, front shield 4, and cutterhead 5 of the shield. The cutterhead drive drives the cutterhead 5 to rotate, thereby realizing the construction of the first tunnel section. At the same time, the muck removal component 8 can promptly remove the debris during construction.

[0052] The first working shaft is excavated at the end of the first tunnel section construction, and the first working shaft is used to receive the shield assembly; After the first working shaft is excavated, a crane can be used to hoist at least one front shield block 111 into and place it at a predetermined position at the bottom of the first working shaft. A propulsion device is then used to advance the shield assembly from the first tunnel section to the predetermined position of the front shield block 111. Pre-hoisting the front shield block 111 into the first working shaft facilitates the rapid assembly of the front shield 1 later, eliminating the need to repeatedly hoist the shield assembly.

[0053] The shield tunneling assembly is modified into a pipe jacking assembly by enlarging its diameter. For example, the outer wall of the shield front shield 4 can be cleaned and polished to facilitate the subsequent installation of the pipe jacking front shield segment 111 on the outer wall of the shield front shield 4. Specifically, the remaining pipe jacking front shield segments 111 are installed on the outer wall of the shield front shield 4, forming a pipe jacking front shield 1. The pipe jacking front shield 1 is then fixedly connected to the shield front shield 4, completing the diameter enlargement of the shield body. An enlarged diameter cutterhead 6 is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead 5 to form a pipe jacking cutterhead 56. A pipe jacking tail shield 3 is installed at the tail end of the pipe jacking front shield 1 via a hydraulic cylinder 2. A jacking component 10, including a top ring 9, a jacking hydraulic cylinder 101, and a rear support 11, is installed at the end of the pipe jacking tail shield 3.

[0054] The first working shaft is used as the starting shaft for the pipe jacking assembly, and the second tunnel section is constructed using the pipe jacking assembly. The normal construction process of the pipe jacking assembly is as follows: the thrust of the jacking cylinder 101 is transmitted to the tail shield 3 through the top ring 9, and then to the front shield 1, the cutterhead 56 and the main drive through the cylinder 2.

[0055] In some alternative embodiments, a second working shaft may be excavated at the end of the second tunnel section. The second working shaft is used to receive the pipe jacking assembly. The front shield block 111 and the diameter-expanding cutterhead 6 can be removed in the second working shaft to complete the diameter reduction and restore the shield assembly. The second working shaft is used as the starting shaft of the shield assembly, that is, as the starting shaft for small-diameter construction.

[0056] Therefore, the construction method provided by this invention is applicable to scenarios in urban tunnel construction where there is a need for variable diameter excavation or shield / pipe jacking mode conversion. It can quickly realize the mode conversion between shield machine and pipe jacking machine, and can also meet the needs of different excavation diameters by relying on the variable diameter of the cutterhead, thus having a wider range of applications.

[0057] According to some alternative embodiments, the control cylinder 2 adjusts the direction of the jacking pipe front shield 1.

[0058] In the above scheme, the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 of the pipe jacking are connected in the circumferential direction by multiple hydraulic cylinders 2. The stroke difference between the multiple hydraulic cylinders 2 can be controlled by the control system, thereby adjusting the direction of the front shield 1 of the pipe jacking to the required tunneling direction.

[0059] According to some alternative embodiments, a jacking member 10 is installed on one side of the tail shield 3 of the jacking pipe, and the jacking member 10 is used to push the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe forward. Exemplarily, the jacking member 10 can push the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe forward by the extension and retraction of the jacking cylinder 101.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, during the tunneling process, when the jacking cylinder 101 in the jacking member 10 cannot be pushed, that is, when the maximum thrust of the jacking cylinder 101 in the jacking member 10 is less than the required thrust, the front shield 1 of the jacking pipe can be pushed by controlling the cylinder 2 to ensure the normal operation of the tunneling work. There are two specific implementation methods.

[0061] Implementation method one includes the following steps: The control system controls the hydraulic cylinder 2 to extend a preset length in the forward direction and pushes the jacking shield 1 and the jacking cutterhead 56 forward; When the front shield 1 of the pipe jacking is moved to the preset position, the support shoe 23 in the control support shoe 7 extends out of the shield opening 16 and abuts against the tunnel wall to fix the front shield 1 of the pipe jacking to the tunnel wall. The jacking cylinder 101 in the jacking component 10 extends to a preset length, pushing the jacking tail shield 3 forward, causing the cylinder 2 to retract to the initial state, and controlling the support shoe 23 to leave the tunnel wall and retract into the shield opening 16. Repeat the above steps to ensure the normal construction of the pipe jacking method.

[0062] Implementation method two includes the following steps: The control system controls the hydraulic cylinder 2 to extend a preset length in the forward direction and pushes the jacking shield 1 and the jacking cutterhead 56 forward; When the front shield 1 of the pipe jacking is moved to the preset position, the support shoe 23 in the control support shoe 7 extends out of the shield opening 16 and abuts against the tunnel wall to fix the front shield 1 of the pipe jacking to the tunnel wall. Control cylinder 2 to retract and return to its initial state, and drive the jacking tail shield 3 to move at least a preset distance along the forward direction, so that a gap is formed between the jacking tail shield 3 and the original precast pipe section; Install a new prefabricated pipe section in the gap at the tail of the pipe jacking shield 3; Control the support boot 23 to retract from the tunnel wall into the shield opening 16; Repeat the above steps to ensure the normal operation of the tunneling work.

[0063] In some alternative embodiments, when the maximum thrust of the jacking cylinder 101 in the jacking member 10 meets the required thrust, the jacking member 10 can be used alone to push the jacking shield 1 forward as in the above embodiments; or the jacking member 10 and the cylinder 2 can be used together to push the jacking shield 1 forward as in embodiment one; or the cylinder 2 can be used alone to push the jacking shield 1 forward as in embodiment two.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine, characterized in that, include: The shield assembly includes a shield front shield (4) and a shield cutterhead (5), the shield cutterhead (5) being driven and mounted on the shield front shield (4); The pipe jacking assembly includes a pipe jacking front shield (1), a pipe jacking cutterhead (56), and a pipe jacking tail shield (3), wherein the pipe jacking tail shield (3) is connected to the pipe jacking front shield (1) via a hydraulic cylinder (2); When the diameter changes, multiple pipe jacking front shield blocks (111) connected end to end are connected to the outer wall of the shield front shield (4) to form the pipe jacking front shield (1), and the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead (5) is detachably connected to the expansion cutterhead (6) to form the pipe jacking cutterhead (56).

2. The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the jacking shield (1) is provided with a plurality of support boots (7) spaced circumferentially. The support boots (7) can extend radially toward the inner wall of the jacking shield (1) to support the jacking shield (1).

3. The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the jacking shield (1) is provided with a first wall plate (12) and a second wall plate (13) spaced apart along the axial direction. The first wall plate (12) and the second wall plate (13) define a receiving hole (14) for receiving a support shoe (7).

4. The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The support boot (7) includes a support base (15) and a fixed base (21). The bottom end of the support base (15) is fixedly connected to the shield opening (16) corresponding to the receiving hole (14), and the upper end is connected to the fixed base (21). The outer wall of the fixed base (21) is connected to the corresponding first wall plate (12) and second wall plate (13) respectively. The support shoe cylinder (22) is located inside the support base (15), with one end fixedly connected to the fixed base (21) and the other end fixedly connected to the support shoe (23). The support shoe (23) can extend out of the shield body opening (16).

5. The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the jacking shield (1), the cutter face of the shield cutterhead (5) is offset from the cutter face of the expansion cutterhead (6), and the shield cutterhead (5) is located in front of the expansion cutterhead (6).

6. The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The shield cutterhead (5) includes a first planar cutterhead (51) and a first arc-shaped cutterhead (52), which are connected together; the enlarged diameter cutterhead (6) includes a second planar cutterhead (61) and a second arc-shaped cutterhead (62), which are connected together; The first arc-shaped cutterhead (52) is connected to the second flat cutterhead (61), and the shield cutter tip (53) at the end of the first arc-shaped cutterhead (52) is flush with the expanded diameter cutter tip (63) of the second flat cutterhead (61).

7. The mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder (2) is an articulated hydraulic cylinder or a propulsion hydraulic cylinder (20).

8. A construction method for a mother-tube jacking shield tunneling machine as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The construction steps are as follows: The first tunnel section was constructed using shield tunneling components; The first working shaft is excavated at the end of the first tunnel section construction, and the first working shaft is used to receive the shield assembly; At least one front shield block (111) is hoisted into and placed at a preset position at the bottom of the first working shaft, and the shield assembly is advanced from the first tunnel section to the preset position of the front shield block (111). The shield assembly is enlarged and transformed into a pipe jacking assembly. The remaining pipe jacking front shield blocks (111) are installed on the outer wall of the shield front shield (4) to form a pipe jacking front shield (1). An enlarged cutterhead (6) is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the shield cutterhead (5) to form a pipe jacking cutterhead (56). A pipe jacking tail shield (3) is installed at the tail end of the pipe jacking front shield (1) through a hydraulic cylinder (2). The first working shaft was used as the starting shaft for the pipe jacking assembly, and the second section of the tunnel was constructed using the pipe jacking assembly.

9. The construction method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder (2) can be used to adjust the tunneling direction of the front shield (1) of the pipe jacking.

10. The construction method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A jacking component (10) is installed on one side of the tail shield (3) of the pipe jacking project. The jacking component (10) is used to push the front shield (1) of the pipe jacking project forward.

11. The construction method as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder (2) is also used to push the jacking shield (1), including the following steps: Control the hydraulic cylinder (2) to extend to a preset length and push the jacking shield (1) forward; When the jacking shield (1) moves to the preset position, the control support shoe (7) extends and fixes the jacking shield (1) to the tunnel wall; Control the hydraulic cylinder (2) to return to its initial state.

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