A tunnel fabricated structure and lining integrated processing method

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel fabricated structure and lining integrated processing method, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering reinforcement, which comprises original lining, a plurality of steel fiber concrete lining plates arranged on the inner side of the original lining, a chemical bolt connecting component for fixing the steel fiber concrete lining plates on the original lining, and a ring connecting structure arranged between adjacent steel fiber concrete lining plates; the application adopts the steel fiber concrete lining plate as a reinforcing unit, the steel fiber concrete material has good crack resistance, toughness and durability, and improves the overall performance and long-term service reliability of the tunnel lining reinforcing structure; the three-dimensional laser scanning technology is adopted to obtain the actual contour information of the original lining, and the 3D printing method is adopted to prepare the steel fiber concrete lining plate, so that the component customization degree, the installation precision and the fitting effect with the original lining are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering reinforcement technology, specifically referring to a method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structures and lining. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term service, existing tunnels are often affected by factors such as groundwater seepage, environmental erosion, load changes, and operational disturbances, resulting in problems such as cracking, leakage, local spalling, and decreased load-bearing capacity of the lining structure. Therefore, it is usually necessary to reinforce the existing tunnel lining. Existing tunnel lining reinforcement methods mainly include shotcrete reinforcement, adding inner lining, steel plate reinforcement, fiber composite material reinforcement, and grouting reinforcement. Although these methods can improve the stress performance of the lining structure to a certain extent, they still face problems such as a lot of wet work on site, low component assembly efficiency, unreliable connection between the reinforcement layer and the original lining, insufficient integrity of the splicing between plates, imperfect waterproofing and drainage structure, and difficulty in later maintenance. Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFR) exhibits good crack resistance, toughness, and durability. Using SFR plate components for prefabricated reinforcement of existing tunnel linings can improve the overall performance of the reinforcement layer and reduce on-site wet work. However, existing prefabricated plate reinforcement structures lack integrated design in areas such as reliable connection between plates, waterproof sealing of joints, anchoring of plates to the original lining, drainage behind plates, and grouting behind plates. Furthermore, the original lining contours of existing tunnels often exhibit irregularities, making it difficult for traditional standardized plates to achieve high-precision fit with the original lining, easily leading to installation deviations and increased local voids behind the plates, thus affecting the reinforcement effect. Therefore, a method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structures with the lining is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent, green prefabricated steel fiber reinforced concrete tunnel lining reinforcement structure and its construction method, in order to solve the problems existing in the current tunnel lining reinforcement technology, such as low assembly efficiency, insufficient reliability of inter-plate connections, poor waterproof performance at the joints, weak anchoring between the plates and the original lining, inconvenient drainage and dredging behind the plates, difficulty in effectively filling local gaps behind the plates, and insufficient fit between the components and the original lining.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining, comprising an existing lining 1, a plurality of steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates 2 disposed on the inner side of the existing lining 1, chemical bolt connection members for fixing the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates 2 to the existing lining 1, and a circumferential connection structure disposed between adjacent steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates 2. The plurality of steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates 2 are sequentially assembled along the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining to form a prefabricated reinforcement layer on the inner side of the existing lining 1.

[0005] Preferably, the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 is customized according to the actual contour information of the original lining 1, and the actual contour information is obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning; a three-dimensional contour model of the original lining 1 is established based on the scanning results, and the geometric dimensions, curvature, plate thickness, reserved hole positions, reserved groove positions and drainage structure positions of the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 are optimized; the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 is formed and prepared by 3D printing according to the actual contour information, thereby improving the fitting accuracy and assembly adaptability between the component and the original lining 1.

[0006] Preferably, the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 is connected and fixed to the original lining 1 by a chemical bolt connection component; the chemical bolt connection component includes a screw 3, a nut 4, a washer 5, and a chemical anchoring adhesive layer. The screw 3 passes through the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 and is anchored in the drilled hole of the original lining 1. The drilled hole and the screw 3 are filled with a chemical anchoring adhesive layer to achieve a reliable connection between the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 and the original lining 1; the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 is provided with a reserved bolt hole 6 corresponding to the chemical bolt connection component. The diameter of the reserved bolt hole 6 is larger than the diameter of the screw 3, thereby reserving an installation adjustment margin to facilitate installation positioning according to the on-site drilling position of the original lining 1.

[0007] Preferably, the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining slab 2 has reserved connection grooves 7 on both sides, and the reserved connection grooves 7 are provided with connecting steel bars 8; the connecting steel bars 8 in the reserved connection grooves 7 on the corresponding sides of the adjacent steel fiber reinforced concrete lining slabs 2 are butt-welded to each other, and reinforced by welding with a splint 9 at the butt-welded position to form a circumferential connection structure between adjacent steel fiber reinforced concrete lining slabs 2; the splint 9 is set below the joint of the two connecting steel bars 8 and spans both sides of the butt-welded joint to improve the integrity and continuous load-bearing capacity of the connection between the slabs.

[0008] Preferably, a waterproof rubber layer 10 is provided at the joint of adjacent steel fiber concrete lining slabs 2. The waterproof rubber layer 10 is set at the joint of the slabs to improve the sealing and waterproof performance of the joint and reduce water leakage along the joint. For the local gaps formed at the joint and / or between the steel fiber concrete lining slab 2 and the original lining 1 during the splicing and installation process, sealant can also be filled to improve the compactness and waterproof sealing performance of the joint.

[0009] Preferably, the original lining 1 and the steel fiber concrete lining 2 together form a drainage trough 11 at corresponding positions, and a rubber drainage pipe 12 is installed in the drainage trough 11; part of the rubber drainage pipe 12 is embedded in one side of the original lining 1, and the other part is embedded in one side of the steel fiber concrete lining 2, and is connected to the drainage outlet 17 at the arch foot, and the drainage outlet 17 is further connected to the drainage ditch 18, thereby guiding the seepage water inside the reinforcement layer or the lining to the drainage system; the rubber drainage pipe 12 is provided with a flange structure 16 at the position where it passes through the component opening, and the flange structure 16 is set on both sides of the opening to limit, prevent the rubber drainage pipe 12 from falling off and seal it, and press it tightly against the periphery of the opening to reduce water leakage.

[0010] Preferably, the drainage trough 11 and the rubber drain pipe 12 are provided with a rubber unblocking interface 13. The rubber unblocking interface 13 is used to connect with external flushing equipment to flush and unblock the drainage trough 11 and the rubber drain pipe 12, thereby improving the maintainability and long-term service reliability of the drainage structure. The rubber unblocking interface 13 is preferably located in a position that is convenient for manual operation and later maintenance.

[0011] Preferably, the steel fiber concrete lining plate 2 is provided with grouting holes 14, which are connected to the gap between the steel fiber concrete lining plate 2 and the original lining 1. The lower end of the grouting hole 14 is provided with a grouting joint 15 for injecting grout into the gap to fill the gap and improve the bonding effect and integrity between the reinforcement layer and the original lining 1.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention uses steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panels as reinforcement units. Steel fiber reinforced concrete materials have good crack resistance, toughness and durability, which is beneficial to improving the overall performance and long-term service reliability of tunnel lining reinforcement structures. 2. This invention uses three-dimensional laser scanning technology to obtain the actual contour information of the original lining and uses 3D printing to prepare steel fiber concrete lining panels, thereby improving the degree of component customization, installation accuracy and fit with the original lining; 3. This invention uses chemical bolts to connect and fix the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate to the original lining, which can improve the connection reliability and joint stress-bearing capacity between the reinforcement layer and the original lining. At the same time, the reserved bolt holes can provide installation adjustment margin. 4. The present invention sets connecting steel bars between adjacent steel fiber concrete lining slabs and forms a circumferential connection structure between the slabs by butt welding and butt welding, which can improve the connection reliability, integrity and continuous stress performance between adjacent reinforced slabs. 5. The present invention provides a waterproof rubber layer at the joint and is supplemented with sealing sealant, which can improve the sealing and waterproofing capabilities of the board joints and local gaps. 6. By setting up drainage channels and rubber drainage pipes, the present invention forms a clear drainage path, which facilitates the timely drainage of water seepage from the inside of the reinforcement layer or lining to the drainage system. 7. This invention, by employing a rubber drainage pipe and its flanged structure, combines flexible fitting, limiting, anti-detachment and sealing functions, thereby improving the long-term service reliability of the drainage structure. 8. By setting up a rubber unblocking interface, this invention facilitates the use of external flushing equipment to flush and unblock the drainage trough and rubber drain pipe in the later stage, thereby improving the maintainability of the drainage structure. 9. By setting grouting holes and grouting joints, the present invention can inject grout into the gap behind the plate to fill the voids, improve the bonding effect and integrity between the reinforcement layer and the original lining, and further enhance the stability and reinforcement effect of the reinforced structure. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tunnel prefabricated structure and lining integrated treatment method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a prefabricated tunnel structure according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of a prefabricated tunnel structure according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of a prefabricated tunnel structure according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a single steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panel structure and splicing method for an integrated prefabricated tunnel structure and lining of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage structure at the bottom of the tunnel, which is part of the integrated treatment method for prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial drainage structure of a tunnel prefabricated structure and lining integrated treatment method according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting hole structure of the tunnel prefabricated structure and lining integrated treatment method of the present invention.

[0014] Figure label: 1. Existing lining; 2. Steel fiber reinforced concrete lining board; 3. Bolt; 4. Nut; 5. Washer; 6. Pre-drilled bolt holes; 7. Pre-drilled connection groove; 8. Connecting reinforcing bars; 9. Supporting strip; 10. Waterproof rubber layer; 11. Drainage channel; 12. Rubber drainage pipe; 13. Rubber dredging interface; 14. Grouting hole; 15. Grouting joint; 16. Flanged structure; 17. Drainage outlet; 18. Drainage ditch. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example Please see Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution comprising the following steps: Step 1: Existing Lining Information Collection and Plate Design: The existing tunnel lining 1 installation area was cleaned and inspected to remove loose surface layers, attached debris, and local defects that might affect installation. Three-dimensional laser scanning technology was used to obtain the actual contour shape, spatial dimensions, and key structural locations of the existing lining 1, and a three-dimensional contour model of the existing lining 1 was established based on the scanning results. According to the three-dimensional contour model, the outer contour dimensions, plate thickness, reserved bolt holes 6, reserved connection grooves 7, drainage grooves 11, grouting holes 14, and rubber unclogging interfaces 13 of the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2 were customized to ensure that the plate structure conformed to the contour of the existing lining 1.

[0017] Step 2: Preparation of steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panels: Based on the outline information of the original lining 1 obtained by 3D laser scanning, steel fiber reinforced concrete lining slab 2 was fabricated using 3D printing. Pre-reserved bolt holes 6, pre-reserved connection grooves 7, drainage grooves 11, grouting holes 14, and rubber dredging interfaces 13 were integrally formed within the slab. After fabrication, the slab's dimensions, hole and groove positions, and connection points were inspected to ensure subsequent assembly accuracy and installation adaptability.

[0018] Step 3: Preparation for drilling and chemical anchoring of existing lining: Based on the existing lining 1 structure and on-site construction conditions, a layout was conducted to determine the assembly positions of the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate 2, the chemical bolt drilling positions, the drainage outlet 17 position, the grouting hole 14 position, and the rubber dredging interface 13 position. Chemical bolt holes were drilled at the corresponding positions on the existing lining 1 according to the layout results. After drilling, dust and debris inside the holes were cleaned to ensure the adhesion between the chemical anchoring adhesive and the hole wall and bolt 3. Then, chemical anchoring adhesive was injected into the drilled holes to prepare for subsequent plate installation and chemical bolt anchoring.

[0019] Step 4: Installation and anchoring of steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panels: The steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panels 2 are hoisted or transported sequentially along the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining to the installation position, and placed inside the existing lining 1. During installation, the pre-drilled bolt holes 6 on the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panels 2 are aligned with the drilled holes on the existing lining 1 one by one. Utilizing the installation adjustment allowance reserved for the bolt holes 6 relative to the screw rods 3, the position of the panels is finely adjusted to ensure that the outer contour of the panels fits as closely as possible to the surface of the existing lining 1. After the position adjustment is completed, the screw rods 3 are passed through the pre-drilled bolt holes 6 and inserted into the drilled holes that have been injected with chemical anchoring adhesive. After the anchoring system is stable, the washers 5 and nuts 4 are installed, and the connecting parts are tightened, thereby achieving a reliable anchoring connection between the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panels 2 and the existing lining 1.

[0020] Step 5: Welding connection of steel bars between slabs: After the adjacent steel fiber concrete lining panels 2 are installed in place, the reserved connecting grooves 7 on the corresponding sides are set opposite each other, and the connecting steel bars 8 in the reserved connecting grooves 7 are butted together at the joint. First, the connecting steel bars 8 on both sides are butt-welded to form a preliminary stress connection between the adjacent steel fiber concrete lining panels 2. Then, a reinforcing bar 9 is set below the butt-welded joint of the steel bars, and the joint is reinforced by welding the reinforcing bar 9, thereby forming a continuous circumferential connection structure between the panels. By combining butt welding and welding the reinforcing bar 9, the integrity, stability and continuous stress capacity of the connection between the panels can be improved.

[0021] Step 6: Waterproofing and caulking the joints: A waterproof rubber layer 10 is installed at the joint of adjacent steel fiber concrete lining slabs 2, so that it is located at the joint and fits against the adjacent slabs to improve the waterproof sealing performance of the joint. For local gaps formed at the joints of the slabs or between the steel fiber concrete lining slab 2 and the original lining 1 during the assembly process, sealant can be used to fill them to improve the compactness and waterproof sealing performance of the joint and reduce the possibility of subsequent water seepage spreading along the local gaps.

[0022] Step 7: Drainage structure installation: A drainage groove 11 is formed between the original lining 1 and the steel fiber concrete lining 2, and a rubber drainage pipe 12 is laid in the drainage groove 11, so that part of the rubber drainage pipe 12 is embedded in the corresponding part of the original lining 1, and the other part is embedded in the corresponding groove of the steel fiber concrete lining 2; the end of the rubber drainage pipe 12 is connected to the drainage outlet 17 at the arch foot, and the drainage outlet 17 is then connected to the drainage ditch 18 to form a continuous drainage path; during the installation process, the flange structure 16 of the rubber drainage pipe 12 at the position where it passes through the component opening is located on both sides of the opening and pressed tightly against the periphery of the opening, thereby limiting, preventing detachment and sealing of the rubber drainage pipe 12, thereby reducing water leakage from the opening.

[0023] Step 8: Drainage unblocking interface setup: A rubber unblocking interface 13 is installed at an appropriate location on the drainage channel 11 and / or the rubber drain pipe 12. The rubber unblocking interface 13 faces the side that facilitates later operation and communicates with the inside of the drainage channel 11 or the rubber drain pipe 12. By installing the rubber unblocking interface 13, when siltation, blockage, or poor drainage occurs in the drainage channel during later operation, external flushing equipment such as a water gun can be connected to flush and unblock the drainage channel 11 and the rubber drain pipe 12, thereby restoring drainage smoothness and improving the maintainability of the drainage structure.

[0024] Step 9: Grouting behind the slab: After the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panel 2 is installed and fixed as a whole, grout is injected into the gap between the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panel 2 and the original lining 1 through the grouting joint 15 and the grouting hole 14. After the grout enters the gap through the grouting hole 14, it fills the void behind the panel and spreads along the local unbonded areas, making the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining panel 2 more tightly bonded to the original lining 1. After grouting is completed, the integrity and stress coordination between the reinforcement layer and the original lining 1 can be improved, and the stability and reinforcement effect of the reinforced structure can be further improved.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their likenesses.

[0026] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining, characterized in that, The system includes an existing lining (1), several steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates (2) disposed inside the existing lining (1), chemical bolt connection components for fixing the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates (2) to the existing lining (1), and a circumferential connection structure disposed between adjacent steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates (2); the several steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plates (2) are sequentially assembled along the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining to form a prefabricated reinforcement layer inside the existing lining (1).

2. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate (2) is customized according to the actual contour information of the original lining (1). The actual contour information is obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning. Based on the scanning results, a three-dimensional contour model of the original lining (1) is established, and the geometric dimensions, curvature, plate thickness, reserved hole positions, reserved groove positions and drainage structure positions of the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate (2) are optimized. The steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate (2) is formed and prepared by 3D printing according to the actual contour information.

3. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate (2) is connected and fixed to the original lining (1) by a chemical bolt connection component; the chemical bolt connection component includes a screw (3), a nut (4), a washer (5) and a chemical anchoring adhesive layer. The screw (3) passes through the steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate (2) and is anchored in the drilled hole of the original lining (1). The drilled hole and the screw (3) are filled with a chemical anchoring adhesive layer. The steel fiber reinforced concrete lining plate (2) is provided with a reserved bolt hole (6) corresponding to the chemical bolt connection component. The diameter of the reserved bolt hole (6) is larger than the diameter of the screw (3).

4. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel fiber reinforced concrete lining slab (2) has reserved connection grooves (7) on both sides, and the reserved connection grooves (7) are provided with connecting steel bars (8).

5. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the connecting steel bars (8) in the corresponding reserved connecting groove (7) of the adjacent steel fiber concrete lining slab (2) are butted together, they are welded together and reinforced by welding with a bracing strip (9) at the butt weld position. The bracing strip (9) is set below the joint of the two connecting steel bars (8) and spans both sides of the butt weld joint.

6. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof rubber layer (10) is provided at the joint of adjacent steel fiber concrete lining slabs (2), and the waterproof rubber layer (10) is provided at the joint of the slabs.

7. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The original lining (1) and the steel fiber concrete lining plate (2) together form a drainage trough (11), and a rubber drainage pipe (12) is installed in the drainage trough (11). The rubber drainage pipe (12) is partially embedded on one side of the original lining (1) and partially embedded on one side of the steel fiber concrete lining plate (2), and is connected to the drainage outlet (17) at the arch foot.

8. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage outlet (17) is further connected to the drainage ditch (18); the rubber drainage pipe (12) is provided with a flange structure (16) at the position of passing through the component opening, and the flange structure (16) is provided on both sides of the opening.

9. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage trough (11) and the rubber drain pipe (12) are provided with rubber unblocking interfaces (13), which are used to connect with external flushing equipment to flush and unblock the drainage trough (11) and the rubber drain pipe (12).

10. The method for integrating prefabricated tunnel structure and lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel fiber concrete lining plate (2) is provided with grouting holes (14), which are connected to the gap between the steel fiber concrete lining plate (2) and the original lining (1), and the lower end of the grouting hole (14) is provided with a grouting joint (15).

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