An adaptive floating drainage device and method for filling a retaining wall

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mine filling drainage, and particularly discloses a self-adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining wall and a drainage method, which comprises a self-adaptive floating filter assembly, a drainage branch pipe, a collecting drainage pipeline and a drainage pump; the self-adaptive floating filter assembly comprises a composite filter cylinder, a buoyancy assembly arranged at the upper part of the composite filter cylinder and a posture limiting supporting plate arranged at the lower part of the composite filter cylinder; the composite filter cylinder comprises an external water inlet ring column with a water inlet hole arranged on the ring wall, a filter cloth wrapped outside the external water inlet ring column and an internal water collecting cavity, and the water collecting cavity is communicated with the drainage branch pipe. The device utilizes the buoyancy assembly to make the composite filter cylinder automatically float with the change of liquid level, cooperates with the posture limiting supporting plate to prevent the composite filter cylinder from sinking into the filling body, so as to keep a stable working posture in the upper clear water layer and realize continuous and reliable drainage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine backfill drainage technology, and in particular to an adaptive floating drainage device and drainage method for backfill retaining walls. Background Technology

[0002] In underground mine backfilling operations, it is usually necessary to construct backfill retaining walls at the ends of the stope, roadway, or backfilling area. Their function is to prevent the outflow of backfill slurry and provide a sealed consolidation environment for the backfill. During the setting and hardening process, a certain amount of water will continuously seep out from the slurry. Simultaneously, influenced by factors such as the development of surrounding rock fissures, pore water conditions, and the hydrogeological characteristics of the stope, groundwater in the surrounding rock may gradually infiltrate into the backfill area. If this water cannot be drained from the backfill area in a timely and effective manner, it will lead to an increase in the water content inside the backfill, delaying its early setting rate and affecting strength formation and long-term stability. Furthermore, accumulated water will increase the water pressure on the backfill retaining wall and its surrounding structures, thus adversely affecting the safety of the backfilling operation.

[0003] Currently, the common practice in mine backfilling drainage operations is to use a structure where a filter cage is wrapped with filter cloth and connected to a drainage pipe. This type of drainage facility is typically installed independently near the backfill retaining wall or inside the stope. The filter cloth intercepts solid particles in the backfill slurry, allowing the filtered water to flow through the internal cavity into the drainage pipe and out of the stope. While this method achieves basic drainage functionality, the following prominent problems have been exposed during actual construction and use: Firstly, the filter cage and its supporting pipelines need to be independently positioned and fixed around the retaining wall or inside the mining area. The installation process is relatively complicated, takes up extra construction time, and affects the overall work efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, as a component protruding from the mining area, the filter cage is easily subjected to direct scouring, impact, or disturbance of the slurry during the injection and flow diffusion of the filling slurry, which may cause the installation position to shift, the posture to change, or even local structural damage.

[0005] Third, the filter cloth wrapped around the outside of the filter cage is directly exposed to the filling slurry. Fine particles, sand, and mud in the filling slurry easily adhere to and clog the pores of the filter cloth, causing the effective filtration area to gradually decrease and the drainage capacity to decline accordingly.

[0006] Fourth, the inlet position of the existing drainage structure is relatively fixed and cannot be automatically adjusted according to the rise and fall of the liquid level in the filling area. As the filling operation continues, the filling slurry level gradually rises and submerges the original filter cage. The drainage structure will be wrapped, buried or covered by the filling body. At this time, the water secreted by the filling body and the seepage water from the surrounding rock cannot enter the drainage channel smoothly, resulting in delayed or inability to drain the accumulated water in a timely manner.

[0007] In summary, there is an urgent need to propose a new type of drainage device that can automatically adjust the filtration position and keep the drainage channel unobstructed according to the changes in the liquid level inside the filling retaining wall, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems of existing drainage devices on the inner side of filled retaining walls, such as easy burial by the filling material, easy clogging of the filter cloth, poor drainage continuity, and inconvenient installation and maintenance due to the fixed water inlet position, this invention provides an adaptive floating drainage device and drainage method for filled retaining walls. The aim is to enable the water filter component to automatically float and adjust its position according to the changes in the liquid level inside the filled retaining wall, and always maintain a stable working posture in the upper clear water layer, thereby achieving continuous, stable, and reliable discharge of water seepage from the filling material and surrounding rock, reducing the risk of drainage pipe blockage and the amount of manual maintenance.

[0009] As a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an adaptive floating drainage device for a filling retaining wall, comprising an adaptive floating water filter assembly disposed in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall, a drainage branch pipe communicating with the adaptive floating water filter assembly, a confluence drainage pipe disposed on the outside of the filling retaining wall, and a pump connected to the outlet end of the confluence drainage pipe; the adaptive floating water filter assembly comprises a composite water filter cylinder, a buoyancy component, and an attitude limiting plate; the composite water filter cylinder comprises an outer water inlet ring column, a filter cloth, and a water collection cavity, wherein the outer water inlet ring column has a plurality of water inlet holes on its ring wall, the filter cloth covers the outside of the outer water inlet ring column, and the water collection cavity is disposed inside the composite water filter cylinder and communicates with the drainage branch pipe; the buoyancy component is disposed on the upper part of the composite water filter cylinder to provide buoyancy; the attitude limiting plate is disposed on the lower part of the composite water filter cylinder to support and limit the composite water filter cylinder to prevent the composite water filter cylinder from sinking into the filling body.

[0010] Optionally, the composite water filter cylinder further includes a rigid screen support layer, which is disposed in the water passage between the water collection chamber and the external water inlet ring column.

[0011] Optionally, the filter cloth is detachably wrapped around the outside of the external water inlet ring column, and the filter cloth is fixedly connected to the external water inlet ring column by binding, clamp, pressure ring or threaded clamping.

[0012] Optionally, the buoyancy component is at least one of a closed float, a flexible buoyancy airbag, a hollow float, and a foam float.

[0013] Optionally, the posture limiting plate is an arc-shaped plate structure, a disc structure, or a frame structure, and the lateral projected area of ​​the posture limiting plate is larger than the lateral projected area of ​​the composite water filter cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, the drainage branch pipe includes a flexible pipe section, which is disposed in the pipeline section between the adaptive floating filter assembly and the filling retaining wall.

[0015] Optionally, the drainage branch pipe further includes a metal pipe section passing through the filling retaining wall, and a sealing structure is provided between the metal pipe section and the filling retaining wall.

[0016] Optionally, a connecting joint is provided between the drainage branch pipe and the water collection cavity of the composite filter cylinder, and the connecting joint is a threaded joint, flange joint, clamp joint or movable joint.

[0017] Optionally, there are multiple adaptive floating water filter components, each of which is connected to the confluence drainage pipeline through a corresponding drainage branch pipe, and the multiple adaptive floating water filter components are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the filling retaining wall.

[0018] Optionally, the drainage pump is a negative pressure drainage pump, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the manifold drainage pipeline, and the outlet is connected to an external drainage pipeline or a collection tank.

[0019] As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an adaptive floating drainage method for filling retaining walls, based on the adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls described in the first aspect above, the method comprising the following steps: An adaptive floating water filter assembly is arranged in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall, and the adaptive floating water filter assembly is connected to the converged drainage pipeline outside the filling retaining wall through a drainage branch pipe. During the filling operation, the buoyancy component provides buoyancy to the composite filter cylinder, so that the adaptive floating filter component floats synchronously with the change of liquid level inside the filling retaining wall. The posture limiting plate provides support and limits the composite water filter cylinder to prevent the composite water filter cylinder from falling into the filling body. Start the drainage pump to discharge the water accumulated inside the filling retaining wall to the outside of the filling retaining wall through the adaptive floating filter assembly, the drainage branch pipe and the confluence drainage pipeline.

[0020] The water in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall enters the composite filter cylinder through the water inlet hole of the external water inlet ring column and the filter cloth. The filter cloth intercepts and filters the solid particles in the water. The filtered clean water enters the water collection chamber and then flows into the drainage branch pipe through the water collection chamber.

[0021] As the liquid level inside the filling retaining wall rises, the adaptive floating water filter assembly rises synchronously under the action of the buoyancy component, so that the composite water filter cylinder always remains in the upper clear water layer.

[0022] When the liquid level inside the filling retaining wall drops, the adaptive floating water filter assembly falls accordingly, and the attitude limiting plate contacts the upper surface of the filling body, supporting the composite water filter cylinder above the filling body.

[0023] The drainage branch pipe adapts to the vertical displacement of the adaptive floating filter assembly as the liquid level changes through its flexible pipe section.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses at least the following beneficial effects: This invention, by placing an adaptive floating filter assembly within the water accumulation area of ​​the filling retaining wall, and utilizing its upper buoyancy component to provide buoyancy and its lower attitude limiting plate to provide support and limitation, allows the composite filter cylinder to synchronously float and adjust its vertical position according to changes in the internal liquid level during the filling operation. This ensures the composite filter cylinder remains within the upper clear water layer, preventing it from sinking into the filling body and being buried or blocked. This guarantees continuous contact between the filter cloth and the clear water, effectively reducing the risk of solid particle adhesion and blockage, and ensuring long-term unobstructed drainage channels. Simultaneously, the attitude limiting... The lateral projected area of ​​the support plate is larger than that of the composite filter cylinder. When the liquid level drops, the support plate contacts the upper surface of the filling body and supports the composite filter cylinder above the filling body, preventing it from sinking into the filling body. In conjunction with the positional relationship between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the buoyancy component and the composite filter cylinder, as well as the flexible constraint of the drainage branch pipe, the adaptive floating filter component always maintains a stable upward or upward working posture during operation, ensuring that the water inlet hole of the external water inlet ring column always faces the direction of the clear water layer, thereby realizing the continuous, stable and reliable discharge of water accumulated inside the filling retaining wall. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls provided by the present invention in its working state. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another working state of the adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls provided by the present invention. Figure 3A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adaptive floating drainage device assembly for filling retaining walls provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive floating water filtration assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 5 An exploded exploded structural diagram of the adaptive floating water filtration component provided by the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Adaptive floating filter assembly; 2. Composite filter cylinder; 3. External inlet ring column; 4. Filter cloth; 5. Rigid screen support layer; 6. Water collection chamber; 7. Buoyancy assembly; 8. Attitude limiting support plate; 9. Drainage branch pipe; 10. Metal pipe section; 11. Drainage confluence pipeline; 12. Pump; 13. Filling pipe; 14. Filling retaining wall; 15. Filling body; 16. Upper clear water layer; 17. Surrounding rock. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1 Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls. The device mainly includes an adaptive floating water filter assembly 1 disposed in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall 14, a drainage branch pipe 9 connected to the adaptive floating water filter assembly 1, a converged drainage pipe 11 disposed outside the filling retaining wall 14, and a pump 12 connected to the outlet end of the converged drainage pipe 11.

[0030] Specifically, the filling retaining wall 14 is constructed at the end of the mining area, roadway or filling area to block the outflow of filling slurry and provide a closed consolidation environment for the filling body 15.

[0031] The filling pipe 13 extends into the filling area inside the filling retaining wall 14, and is used to transport filling slurry to the stope or filling area. The outlet end of the filling pipe 13 is located inside the filling retaining wall 14. After the filling slurry is injected into the filling area through the filling pipe 13, it gradually accumulates under the obstruction of the filling retaining wall 14 to form the filling body 15. During the injection of filling slurry and the solidification of the filling body 15, the water exuded from the filling body 15 and the water seeping from the fissures in the surrounding rock 17 gradually form an upper clear water layer 16 above the filling body 15. The adaptive floating drainage device is arranged in the water accumulation area where the upper clear water layer 16 is located, and is used to promptly pump the water in the upper clear water layer 16 to the outside of the filling retaining wall 14.

[0032] The adaptive floating water filter assembly 1 is arranged in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall 14, and its number can be selected according to the width of the filling area and the water accumulation distribution.

[0033] One end of the drainage branch pipe 9 is connected to the adaptive floating filter assembly 1, and the other end passes through or is routed around the filling retaining wall 14 and is connected to the confluence drainage pipe 11.

[0034] The drainage pump 12 is connected to the outlet end of the manifold drainage pipe 11 and is used to pump the upper clear water layer 16 in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall 14 through the adaptive floating filter assembly 1, the drainage branch pipe 9 and the manifold drainage pipe 11 to the outside of the filling retaining wall 14, thereby realizing the continuous discharge of water in the filling area.

[0035] In this embodiment, the adaptive floating water filter component 1, as the core filtration and water collection component of the entire drainage device, can automatically adjust its vertical position in the water according to the change of liquid level under the action of buoyancy.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adaptive floating water filter assembly 1 mainly includes a composite water filter cylinder 2, a buoyancy component 7 disposed on the upper part of the composite water filter cylinder 2, and an attitude limiting support plate 8 disposed on the lower part of the composite water filter cylinder 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, the composite filter cylinder 2 has a hollow cylindrical structure and serves as the main body for filtering and collecting water in the adaptive floating filter assembly 1. It is used to filter and collect the upper clear water layer 16 in the water accumulation area inside the filling baffle wall 14. The buoyancy component 7 is located at the upper end or upper region of the composite filter cylinder 2 and is used to provide buoyancy to the entire adaptive floating filter assembly 1, so that the assembly can float and adjust its position synchronously with the change of liquid level inside the filling baffle wall 14 under the action of water buoyancy. The attitude limiting plate 8 is located at the lower end or lower region of the composite filter cylinder 2, and its lateral projection area is larger than the lateral projection area of ​​the composite filter cylinder 2. It is used to support, limit, and adjust the attitude of the composite filter cylinder 2, so that the composite filter cylinder 2 always maintains a stable working attitude in the upper clear water layer 16 during operation.

[0038] With the above-mentioned upper buoyancy support and lower attitude limiting structure, the adaptive floating water filter assembly 1 can automatically follow the rise or fall when the liquid level changes, and always keep the composite water filter cylinder 2 in the upper clear water layer 16, so as to prevent it from sinking into the filling body 15 below and being buried or blocked.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the composite water filter cylinder 2 specifically includes an external water inlet ring column 3, a water filter cloth 4, a rigid screen support layer 5, and a water collection chamber 6.

[0040] In this embodiment, the external water inlet ring column 3 is an annular cylindrical structure with multiple water inlet holes, arranged on the outer circumference of the composite water filter cylinder 2. The multiple water inlet holes are evenly distributed on the annular wall of the external water inlet ring column 3, which is used to allow the upper clear water layer 16 filling the water accumulation area inside the baffle wall 14 to enter the interior of the composite water filter cylinder 2.

[0041] Based on the above embodiment, the filter cloth 4 covers the outside of the external water inlet ring column 3, and together with the external water inlet ring column 3, they form an external filtration structure. The filter cloth 4 is made of a water-permeable fabric material with appropriate filtration accuracy, and is used to perform preliminary filtration of the water entering the composite filter cylinder 2 to intercept fine particles, sand, and mud in the filling body 15, preventing these solid particles from entering the water collection chamber 6 with the water.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, the diameter of the inlet holes on the external inlet ring column 3 can be selected according to the particle size distribution of the filling slurry to ensure smooth water flow while working with the filter cloth 4 to achieve effective filtration.

[0043] Based on the above embodiment, the water collection chamber 6 is located in the central cavity of the composite water filter cylinder 2, and is used to collect the clean water after it has been filtered by the external water inlet ring column 3 and the filter cloth 4. The water collection chamber 6 is connected to the water outlet provided on the composite water filter cylinder 2, and the water outlet is further connected to the drainage branch pipe 9, so that the clean water that has been filtered and collected in the water collection chamber 6 can enter the drainage branch pipe 9 through the water outlet.

[0044] Based on the above embodiment, the rigid screen support layer 5 is disposed inside the composite water filter cylinder 2, specifically in the water passage between the water collection chamber 6 and the external water inlet ring column 3. The rigid screen support layer 5 is made of a mesh structure material with sufficient rigidity, and its mesh size is smaller than or matches the filter pore size of the filter cloth 4. It is used to perform secondary interception of some fine particles that accidentally pass through the filter cloth 4 and enter the interior of the composite water filter cylinder 2 after filtration by the filter cloth 4.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, the rigid screen support layer 5 is further used to support the water passage space inside the composite filter cylinder 2, preventing the filter cloth 4 from collapsing or deforming due to external water pressure or filling pressure, thereby keeping the filter channel unobstructed.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the filter cloth 4 is detachably wrapped around the outside of the external water inlet ring 3 to facilitate cleaning, replacement, or maintenance of the filter cloth 4 during use. The filter cloth 4 can be fixedly connected to the external water inlet ring 3 by means of binding clips, clamps, pressure rings, threaded fasteners, or combinations thereof.

[0047] For example, in one embodiment, annular grooves can be provided at the upper and lower ends of the external water inlet ring column 3, and the filter cloth 4 can be pressed into the grooves by clamps to achieve fixation.

[0048] In another embodiment, a pressure ring can be fitted around the outside of the external water inlet ring 3, and the pressure ring can be locked to the external water inlet ring 3 by a threaded clamping member, thereby clamping and fixing the filter cloth 4 between the two.

[0049] All of the above fixing methods can achieve reliable fixing and convenient disassembly of the filter cloth 4. Operators can choose the appropriate fixing method according to the actual conditions of the construction site and maintenance needs.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, the buoyancy component 7 can adopt various structural forms to achieve its buoyancy-providing function. Specifically, the buoyancy component 7 can be a closed float, a flexible buoyancy airbag, a hollow float, a foam float, or a combination of the above structures.

[0051] Furthermore, enclosed floats can be made of metal or engineering plastics with sealed cavity structures, filled with air or lightweight materials, which have the advantages of structural stability and reliable buoyancy.

[0052] Furthermore, the flexible buoyancy airbag can be made of rubber or polymer materials and can be filled with an appropriate amount of gas according to the required buoyancy when in use, thus having the advantage of adjustable buoyancy.

[0053] Furthermore, hollow pontoons can adopt cylindrical or spherical hollow structures, which are low in cost and easy to manufacture. Foam floats can be made of lightweight materials such as polyurethane foam or polyethylene foam, which have the advantages of being waterproof and not losing buoyancy even if damaged, making them suitable for humid and complex working environments downhole.

[0054] The specific form of the various buoyancy components mentioned above can be selected according to the actual situation of the filling operation, the required buoyancy, and the cost budget. All of them can realize the function of automatically floating and adjusting the position of the adaptive floating filter component 1 with the change of liquid level.

[0055] Based on the above embodiments, the attitude limiting plate 8 can adopt an arc-shaped plate, disc-shaped, or frame-shaped structure. The attitude limiting plate 8 and the composite water filter cylinder 2 can be fixedly connected or detachably connected to facilitate transportation, installation, and replacement.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the attitude limiting support plate 8 is a circular disc-shaped structure with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the composite filter cylinder 2, and the disc surface is horizontally arranged below the composite filter cylinder 2. The periphery of the circular disc-shaped support plate is folded upward to form a retaining edge of a certain height. When the adaptive floating filter assembly 1 floats up under the action of buoyancy, the support plate can provide stable bottom support for the composite filter cylinder 2. When the adaptive floating filter assembly 1 falls due to the drop in liquid level, the support plate first contacts the filling body 15 or sediment below. Due to its large support area, it can effectively prevent the composite filter cylinder 2 from directly sinking into the filling body 15.

[0057] In another specific embodiment, the attitude limiting support plate 8 is a frame-like structure composed of multiple radially arranged support rods. The inner end of each support rod is connected to the lower end of the composite water filter cylinder 2, and the outer end extends outward. This frame-like support plate can effectively reduce material usage and overall weight while ensuring a large support area, which helps to reduce the burden on the buoyancy component 7.

[0058] Based on the above embodiment, one end of the drainage branch pipe 9 is connected to the outlet of the composite filter cylinder 2, and the other end passes through or wraps around the filling retaining wall 14 and connects to the confluence drainage pipe 11. A connection joint is provided between the drainage branch pipe 9 and the composite filter cylinder 2 to facilitate the connection, disassembly, and maintenance between the drainage branch pipe 9 and the adaptive floating filter assembly 1. This connection joint can be any one of a threaded joint, flange joint, clamp joint, or movable joint.

[0059] In one embodiment, a quick-clamp connector is used, which allows for quick connection and separation of the drainage branch pipe 9 and the water outlet of the composite filter cylinder 2 by turning the clamp handle, facilitating underground installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0060] In another embodiment, a movable joint is used, which allows the drain branch pipe 9 and the composite filter cylinder 2 to rotate relative to each other within a certain angle range, thereby better accommodating the displacement and attitude fine-tuning of the adaptive floating filter assembly 1 during the floating process.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, the drainage branch pipe 9 includes a flexible pipe section, which is disposed in the pipeline section between the adaptive floating filter assembly 1 and the filling baffle wall 14. The flexible pipe section can be made of rubber hose, corrugated pipe, or polymer composite hose with sufficient flexibility, and its function is to adapt to the vertical displacement of the adaptive floating filter assembly 1 caused by changes in liquid level. When the liquid level inside the filling baffle wall 14 rises or falls, the adaptive floating filter assembly 1 floats up and down accordingly. The flexible pipe section can absorb the displacement through its own bending or expansion, thereby ensuring that the connection between the drainage branch pipe 9 and the composite filter cylinder 2 is always unobstructed, avoiding pipeline breakage or loosening caused by rigid connection.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, the drainage branch pipe 9 also includes a metal pipe section 10 that penetrates the filling retaining wall 14. The metal pipe section 10 is made of a metal pipe with a certain rigidity, such as steel or cast iron pipe, to improve the supporting rigidity at the penetration point and prevent pipe deformation or damage due to retaining wall settlement or lateral pressure. A sealing structure is provided between the metal pipe section 10 and the filling retaining wall 14 to reduce the risk of leakage at the penetration point of the pipe.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, the sealing structure can be a combination of a water-stop ring and an expanding sealant. The water-stop ring is sleeved on the outside of the metal pipe section 10 and pre-embedded in the filling retaining wall 14. The expanding sealant fills the annular gap between the metal pipe section 10 and the reserved hole of the retaining wall, and forms a reliable seal after expanding when exposed to water.

[0064] In another embodiment, the sealing structure can be a flexible waterproof sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the filling retaining wall 14, with a metal pipe section 10 passing through the sleeve. Sealing caps and rubber sealing rings are provided at both ends of the sleeve, and waterproof sealing is achieved by tightening the sealing rings.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, there can be two or more drainage branch pipes 9, each of which is connected to an adaptive floating filter assembly 1. Multiple adaptive floating filter assemblies 1 can be arranged at intervals along the length of the filling retaining wall 14 in the inner water accumulation area, according to the width of the filling area and the water distribution. After passing through the filling retaining wall 14, the multiple drainage branch pipes 9 converge into the same drainage pipe 11 outside the retaining wall, thereby achieving centralized collection and unified pumping from multiple drainage points. Through this multi-point arrangement and centralized discharge method, the drainage efficiency of the filling area can be effectively improved, avoiding localized water accumulation due to insufficient drainage capacity of a single drainage point.

[0066] Based on the above embodiments, the manifold drainage pipe 11 is located on the outside of the filling retaining wall 14, with its inlet end connected to one or more drainage branch pipes 9 and its outlet end connected to the inlet of the pump 12. The manifold drainage pipe 11 can be made of steel pipe or PVC pipe with a certain diameter. Its pipe diameter should be reasonably selected according to the number of connected drainage branch pipes 9 and the expected total drainage flow to ensure that excessive resistance is not generated during the confluence process. The pump 12 is connected to the outlet end of the manifold drainage pipe 11 to provide negative pressure suction force, which pumps the water accumulated inside the filling retaining wall 14 sequentially through the adaptive floating filter assembly 1, the drainage branch pipes 9 and the manifold drainage pipe 11 to the designated discharge position outside the filling retaining wall 14. The pump 12 can be a negative pressure pump, with its inlet connected to the outlet end of the manifold drainage pipe 11 and its outlet connected to an external drainage pipe or collection tank. This negative pressure drainage pump can generate sufficient negative pressure suction to overcome the frictional resistance and local resistance along the pipeline and extract the accumulated water from the inside of the filling area.

[0067] In practical applications, the start and stop of the drainage pump 12 can be achieved by a liquid level sensor in conjunction with an automatic control device. When the liquid level inside the filling baffle 14 reaches the set high level, drainage will start automatically, and when the liquid level drops to the set low level, drainage will stop automatically, thereby achieving fully automatic drainage operation.

[0068] Example 2 Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides an adaptive floating drainage method for filling retaining walls. This method is based on the adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls described in Embodiment 1 above. The method specifically includes the following steps.

[0069] Step 1: Arrange adaptive floating filter components 1 in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall 14, and connect the adaptive floating filter components 1 to the confluence drainage pipe 11 outside the filling retaining wall 14 through the drainage branch pipe 9. Specifically, determine the number and location of the adaptive floating filter components 1 according to the width of the filling area and the expected water accumulation distribution. Connect each adaptive floating filter component 1 to the corresponding drainage branch pipe 9, then pass the drainage branch pipe 9 through or around the filling retaining wall 14 and connect it to the confluence drainage pipe 11. Finally, connect the outlet end of the confluence drainage pipe 11 to the inlet of the pump 12.

[0070] Step Two: During the backfilling operation, water oozing from the backfill body 15 or seeping from fissures in the surrounding rock 17 forms an upper clear water layer 16 inside the backfill retaining wall 14. The upper clear water layer 16 is located above the backfill body 15, and the water within it is relatively clear with a low solid particle content. The buoyancy component 7 provides sufficient buoyancy to the composite filter cylinder 2, keeping it suspended in the water and adjusting its vertical position synchronously with changes in the level of the upper clear water layer 16. Because the buoyancy component 7 is located at the top of the composite filter cylinder 2, its center of gravity is below the center of buoyancy, thus ensuring its self-stabilizing characteristics during floating.

[0071] Step 3: The composite filter cylinder 2 is supported, limited, and its attitude adjusted by the attitude limiting plate 8 located at the lower part of the composite filter cylinder 2, so that the composite filter cylinder 2 maintains a stable working attitude in the upper clear water layer 16 during operation. Specifically, when the composite filter cylinder 2 floats up under the action of buoyancy, the attitude limiting plate 8 moves up accordingly, and its lower surface maintains a certain distance from the upper surface of the filling body 15, ensuring that the composite filter cylinder 2 is always in the upper clear water layer 16; when the composite filter cylinder 2 falls due to the drop in liquid level, the attitude limiting plate 8 first contacts the upper surface of the filling body 15. Since its lateral projection area is larger than the lateral projection area of ​​the composite filter cylinder 2, it can effectively support the composite filter cylinder 2 above the filling body 15, preventing the composite filter cylinder 2 from sinking into the filling body 15. Meanwhile, the horizontal plate or frame structure of the attitude limiting plate 8 can play an attitude correction role for the composite water filter cylinder 2, ensuring that it always maintains a vertical attitude, so that the water inlet hole of the external water inlet ring column 3 always faces the upper clear water layer 16.

[0072] Step 4: Start the drainage pump 12 to allow the water accumulated inside the filling retaining wall 14 to pass sequentially through the adaptive floating filter assembly 1, the drainage branch pipe 9, and the confluence drainage pipe 11 before being discharged to the outside of the filling retaining wall 14. Under the negative pressure suction of the drainage pump 12, the water in the upper clear water layer 16 first enters the composite filter cylinder 2 through the inlet hole of the external water inlet ring column 3 and the filter cloth 4. During this process, the filter cloth 4 intercepts and filters the residual solid particles in the water. The filtered clear water enters the water collection chamber 6, then enters the drainage branch pipe 9 through the outlet of the composite filter cylinder 2, and then flows into the confluence drainage pipe 11 through the drainage branch pipe 9. Finally, it is discharged by the drainage pump 12 to the designated discharge location outside the filling retaining wall 14, such as an external drainage pipe or a water collection tank.

[0073] Based on the above embodiment, a rigid screen support layer 5 is disposed inside the composite filter cylinder 2, specifically in the water passage between the water collection chamber 6 and the external water inlet ring 3. The rigid screen support layer 5 is made of a mesh structure material with sufficient rigidity, and its mesh size is smaller than or matches the filter pore size of the filter cloth 4. It provides structural support for the filter cloth 4 covering the external water inlet ring 3 and the water passage space inside the composite filter cylinder 2. When the pump 12 is started, a negative pressure is formed in the water collection chamber 6 and the water passage inside the composite filter cylinder 2. Under the action of pressure difference, the external water flows into the interior through the filter cloth 4 and the water inlet. During this process, the rigid screen support layer 5 can effectively resist the negative pressure suction force, preventing the filter cloth 4 from being tightly attached to the surface of the external water inlet ring column 3 due to the internal and external pressure difference, and avoiding local dents, blockages or deformations of the filter cloth 4. At the same time, the rigid screen support layer 5 also provides rigid skeleton support for the water passage inside the composite filter cylinder 2, preventing the water passage from collapsing or collapsing under negative pressure, ensuring that the filtered clean water can smoothly flow into the water collection chamber 6 through the rigid screen support layer 5, thereby maintaining an effective water passage cross-sectional area and a stable drainage flow rate, and ensuring the reliability and drainage efficiency of the drainage device during long-term continuous operation.

[0074] Step 5: As the filling operation continues, and with the continuous seepage of water from the filling body 15 or the cracks in the surrounding rock 17, the liquid level inside the filling retaining wall 14 gradually rises. The adaptive floating filter assembly 1 floats synchronously under the action of the buoyancy assembly 7, ensuring that the composite filter cylinder 2 remains within the upper clear water layer 16, preventing direct contact with the filling body 15 below. Because the composite filter cylinder 2 is always within the upper clear water layer 16, its filter cloth 4 is less likely to be clogged by solid particles in the filling slurry, and it will not be buried or covered by the filling body 15. This achieves continuous and stable discharge of water accumulated inside the filling retaining wall 14 until the filling operation is completed or all the water is drained.

[0075] It should be understood that in practical applications, the above steps are not strictly sequential. The floating adjustment process in steps two, three, and five is synchronized with the drainage process in step four. That is, during the drainage process, the adaptive floating filter component 1 is always in a dynamic floating adjustment state, adjusting its vertical position in real time according to changes in the liquid level to ensure that the drainage point is always located in the upper clear water layer 16. At the same time, the steps in this method can be appropriately adjusted and combined according to the actual situation of the filling operation. For example, when there is little water accumulation in the early stage of filling, the drainage pump 12 may not be started, and drainage may be started after the liquid level rises to the set value. In the later stage of filling, the operating parameters of the drainage pump 12 can be adjusted according to the changes in drainage volume to adapt to different drainage needs.

[0076] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0077] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls, characterized in that, It includes an adaptive floating filter assembly (1) installed in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall (14), a drainage branch pipe (9) connected to the adaptive floating filter assembly (1), a confluence drainage pipe (11) installed outside the filling retaining wall (14), and a pump (12) connected to the outlet of the confluence drainage pipe (11). The adaptive floating water filter assembly (1) includes a composite water filter cylinder (2), a buoyancy assembly (7), and an attitude limiting plate (8). The composite water filter cylinder (2) includes an external water inlet ring column (3), a filter cloth (4), and a water collection chamber (6). The external water inlet ring column (3) has multiple water inlet holes on its ring wall. The filter cloth (4) covers the outside of the external water inlet ring column (3). The water collection chamber (6) is located inside the composite water filter cylinder (2) and is connected to the drainage branch pipe (9). The buoyancy component (7) is located on the upper part of the composite filter cylinder (2) to provide buoyancy; The posture limiting plate (8) is located at the lower part of the composite water filter cylinder (2) to support and limit the composite water filter cylinder (2) and prevent the composite water filter cylinder (2) from falling into the filling body (15).

2. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite filter cylinder (2) also includes a rigid screen support layer (5), which is disposed in the water passage between the water collection chamber (6) and the external water inlet ring column (3).

3. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cloth (4) is detachably wrapped around the outside of the external water inlet ring column (3).

4. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy component (7) is at least one of the following: closed float, flexible buoyancy airbag, hollow float, and foam float.

5. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The posture limiting plate (8) is an arc-shaped plate structure, a disc structure or a frame structure, and the lateral projection area of ​​the posture limiting plate (8) is greater than the lateral projection area of ​​the composite water filter cylinder (2).

6. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage branch pipe (9) includes a flexible pipe section, which is disposed in the pipeline section between the adaptive floating filter assembly (1) and the filling retaining wall (14).

7. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drainage branch pipe (9) also includes a metal pipe section (10) that passes through the filling retaining wall (14), and a sealing structure is provided between the metal pipe section (10) and the filling retaining wall (14).

8. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting joint is provided between the drainage branch pipe (9) and the water collection cavity (6) of the composite filter cylinder (2). The connecting joint is a threaded joint, a flange joint, a clamp joint, or a movable joint.

9. The adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple adaptive floating water filter components (1), and each adaptive floating water filter component (1) is connected to the confluence drainage pipeline (11) through the corresponding drainage branch pipe (9). The multiple adaptive floating water filter components (1) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the filling retaining wall (14).

10. An adaptive floating drainage method for filling retaining walls, based on the adaptive floating drainage device for filling retaining walls according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: An adaptive floating filter assembly (1) is arranged in the water accumulation area inside the filling retaining wall (14), and the adaptive floating filter assembly (1) is connected to the confluence drainage pipe (11) outside the filling retaining wall (14) through the drainage branch pipe (9); During the filling operation, the buoyancy component (7) provides buoyancy to the composite filter cylinder (2), so that the adaptive floating filter component (1) floats synchronously with the change of liquid level inside the filling retaining wall (14); The posture limiting plate (8) provides support and limits the composite filter cylinder (2) to prevent the composite filter cylinder (2) from sinking into the filling body (15); Start the drainage pump (12) so that the water inside the filling retaining wall (14) is discharged to the outside of the filling retaining wall (14) through the adaptive floating filter assembly (1), the drainage branch pipe (9) and the confluence drainage pipe (11).

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