Anchor line breakage device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an anchor cable breaking device, which comprises an insulating container, a first electrode, a second electrode and a power supply. The insulating container is used for sleeving an anchor cable and containing electrolyte. The first electrode is arranged at least partially in the insulating container and used for contacting the electrolyte injected in the insulating container. The second electrode is used for contacting the anchor cable. The negative electrode of the power supply is connected to the first electrode, and the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the second electrode. When the power supply is turned on, the electrolyte injected in the insulating container is electrolyzed, so that the anchor cable in the insulating container is broken through electrochemical reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground support equipment in coal mines, specifically to an anchor cable breaking device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine roadway excavation and mining operations, anchor cable support is a key technology for maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock. When the goaf is exposed, the anchor cables fail, or need to be removed, the anchor cables must be cut off or removed from the surrounding rock.

[0003] In related technologies, brine or mine water is used as the electrolyte to gradually dissolve and break the anchor cable through electrochemical corrosion. Although this method does not require an open flame, the aqueous electrolyte will undergo a hydrogen evolution reaction at the first electrode, and hydrogen gas can accumulate in high-gas mines, posing an explosion hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an anchor cable breaking device and method, which uses a first electrode, a second electrode, a power supply, and places the target breaking area inside an insulating container, and uses an electrolyte to break the anchor cable, thus solving the problem of hydrogen gas generation from electrochemical corrosion of anchor cables.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an anchor cable breaking device, comprising: an insulating container for being fitted onto the anchor cable, the insulating container for containing an electrolyte; a first electrode, at least partially disposed within the insulating container, the first electrode for contacting the electrolyte injected into the insulating container; a second electrode for contacting the anchor cable; and a power source, the negative terminal of the power source being connected to the first electrode, and the positive terminal of the power source being connected to the second electrode; wherein, when the power source is turned on, the electrolyte injected into the insulating container undergoes electrolysis, causing the anchor cable within the insulating container to undergo an electrochemical reaction and break.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the electrolyte comprises: a surfactant; a solvent comprising at least one of anhydrous ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol; and a conductive salt comprising sodium chloride.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 part of the surfactant; 9-11 parts of the conductive salt; and 88-90.9 parts of the solvent.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the kinematic viscosity of the electrolyte at 20°C-25°C is 60 mm² / s-120 mm² / s.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the preset amount of electrolyte is the sum of the inner volume of the insulating container, the gap volume of the anchor cable within the insulating container, and a preset safety margin.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the anchor cable breaking device further includes: a current monitoring module connected to the power supply module, the current monitoring module being used to monitor the current when the power supply is turned on; the current monitoring module is configured to control the power supply to disconnect when the monitored output current of the power supply is higher than a preset current.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the anchor cable breaking device further includes: a temperature monitoring module disposed inside the insulating container, the temperature monitoring module being used to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte; the temperature monitoring module being configured to control the power supply to disconnect when the monitored temperature of the electrolyte is higher than a preset temperature.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the anchor cable breaking device further includes an electrolyte injection mechanism for injecting the electrolyte into the insulating container.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for breaking an anchor cable. This method is based on the anchor cable breaking device provided in the first aspect and includes: placing an insulating container over the outside of the anchor cable, so that the anchor cable is contained within the insulating container; arranging a first electrode on the inner wall of the insulating container and connecting the first electrode to the negative terminal of a power source; connecting a second electrode to a target position on the anchor cable and connecting the second electrode to the positive terminal of the power source; injecting a predetermined amount of electrolyte into the insulating container, so that the electrolyte penetrates into the gaps of the anchor cable within the insulating container; turning on the power source and adjusting the current of the power source, causing the anchor cable within the insulating container to undergo an electrochemical reaction and break.

[0014] In one possible implementation, before placing the insulating container over the outside of the anchor cable, the steps include: confirming that the methane concentration in the air of the work area is below 0.5%; and cleaning the outer surface of the anchor cable at the target location.

[0015] The anchor cable breaking device and method provided in this application embodiment utilizes anions generated by the electrolysis of conductive salts in the electrolyte to destroy the passivation film of the anchor cable and dissolve the iron matrix, thereby achieving anchor cable breakage and solving the problem of hydrogen gas generation from electrochemical corrosion of anchor cables. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor cable breaking device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the anchor cable breaking method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Anchor cable breaking device; 10-Insulating container; 101-Electrolyte; 20-First electrode; 30-Second electrode; 40-Power supply; 50-Electrolyte injection mechanism; 60-Lock; 70-Tray; A-Anchor cable. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different locations and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] In coal mine roadway excavation and mining operations, anchor cable support is a key technology for maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock. When the goaf is exposed, the anchor cables fail, or need to be removed, the anchor cables must be cut or removed from the surrounding rock.

[0023] Among related technologies, anchor cable breaking techniques mainly include hydraulic shearing, mechanical sawing, blasting, and aqueous electrochemical anchor removal. Hydraulic shearing uses hydraulic shearing tools to cut the anchor cable. Hydraulic shearing requires a large operating space; in goaf areas, anchor cables are often obstructed by pallets, making it difficult for hydraulic shears to reach the target position, and the high shearing force can easily cause the anchor cable to eject and injure personnel. Mechanical sawing uses diamond cutting saws or reciprocating saws to directly cut the anchor cable. Mechanical sawing requires personnel to enter the goaf area, affecting personnel safety, and the sparks generated during the sawing process pose an explosion risk in high-gas mines. Blasting uses silent fracturing agents or small blasts to cut the anchor cable. Blasting cannot be used in high-gas mines. Aqueous electrochemical anchor removal uses brine or mine water as the electrolyte, gradually dissolving and breaking the anchor cable through electrochemical corrosion. Although aqueous electrochemical anchor removal does not require an open flame, the aqueous electrolyte undergoes a hydrogen evolution reaction at the first electrode, and hydrogen gas can accumulate in high-gas mines, posing an explosion hazard.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, an anchor cable A breaking device 1 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application includes: an insulating container 10, a first electrode 20, a second electrode 30, and a power supply 40.

[0025] The insulating container 10 may be made of a high-strength, insulating, and corrosion-resistant material. For example, engineering plastics or epoxy resin insulating shells.

[0026] The insulating container 10 can be made into a sleeve-type or semi-open snap-fit ​​structure, which can be directly fitted and wrapped around the outside of the anchor cable A to be broken, forming a closed receiving cavity. The insulating container 10 can also be made into a hollow cup-shaped structure with an open top and a closed bottom, and the insulating container 10 is fitted onto the outside of the anchor cable A to be broken from bottom to top.

[0027] The insulating container 10 can hold electrolyte 101. Electrolyte 101 can penetrate into the gaps of the anchor cable A within the insulating container 10, and under gravity, it does not rapidly flow away, ensuring that the anchor cable A within the insulating container 10 is continuously wetted by electrolyte 101. The insulating container 10 confines the electrochemical reaction area to the target breakage area of ​​the anchor cable A to be broken, that is, the area of ​​anchor cable A within the insulating container 10, achieving targeted cable breakage. The insulating performance of the insulating container 10 prevents current from spreading to other parts of the anchor cable A, while also preventing current leakage, making it suitable for flammable and explosive underground working environments such as mines and tunnels.

[0028] The first electrode 20 can be made of graphite or stainless steel and is resistant to electrolytic corrosion. Alternatively, the first electrode 20 can be made of a thin-walled metal cylinder or a metal woven mesh structure.

[0029] At least a portion of the first electrode 20 extends into the interior of the insulating container 10, ensuring that the first electrode 20 is fully immersed in and in contact with the injected electrolyte 101. Alternatively, the first electrode 20 may be fixed to the inner wall of the insulating container 10 without directly contacting the anchor cable A.

[0030] The second electrode 30 can adopt a conductive clamping structure, such as a conductive clamp or a clamp. The conductive clamping structure can directly clamp and adhere to the metal substrate of the anchor cable A, achieving electrical connection with the anchor cable A. Alternatively, the second electrode 30 can be a cable. The second electrode 30 cable is connected to the exposed steel strand at the lower part of the anchor cable A to be broken.

[0031] The power supply 40 must comply with GB / T3836 (Explosion-proof Electrical Equipment in Coal Mines) and possess intrinsically safe or explosion-proof certification. Power supply 40 can be a DC adjustable regulated power supply. Alternatively, a mining explosion-proof DC power supply can be selected. The output voltage of power supply 40 can be 24V, and the output current can be 4A~6A.

[0032] The negative terminal of power supply 40 is connected to the first electrode 20, and the positive terminal of power supply 40 is connected to the second electrode 30. After power supply 40 is turned on, the current flows sequentially through the second electrode 30, anchor cable A, electrolyte 101, and first electrode 20, forming a complete conductive circuit. The conductive circuit is rationally laid out, and the electrochemical reaction is concentrated in the target broken cable area within the insulating container 10, without damaging other areas of anchor cable A.

[0033] After the power supply 40 is turned on, the electrolyte 101 undergoes an electrolysis reaction under the influence of the electric field. The cations generated by the electrolysis of electrolyte 101 migrate to the first electrode 20. The anions generated by the electrolysis of electrolyte 101 migrate to the second electrode 30.

[0034] It should be added that in the aqueous electrochemical system, hydrogen evolution reaction will inevitably occur at the first electrode 20. This is because the standard electrode potential of the first electrode 20 required for the hydrogen evolution reaction to occur is only -0.83V, which is unavoidable in aqueous electrolytes.

[0035] After the power supply 40 is turned on, a reduction reaction occurs on the surface of the first electrode 20. The electrolyte 101 contains no water molecules and therefore lacks a proton source that can be reduced to produce hydrogen gas. The components of the electrolyte 101 do not undergo reductive decomposition. Only trace amounts of oxygen on the surface of the first electrode 20 gain electrons and undergo a reduction reaction to generate peroxide ions, without producing any gas. The peroxide ions dissolve in the electrolyte 101, remaining in a liquid dissolved state. The peroxide ions combine with cations generated by the electrolysis of the electrolyte 101 that migrate to the first electrode 20, forming a soluble mixture present in the electrolyte 101. Once the trace oxygen is exhausted, the current in the first electrode 20 is maintained by the capacitive charging and discharging of cations generated by the electrolysis of the electrolyte 101 in the double layer of the first electrode 20 and the extremely weak reduction of solvent molecules in the electrolyte 101, again without producing gaseous products.

[0036] Even assuming that electrolyte 101 contains trace amounts of residual moisture, for example, water accounting for less than 0.1% of the total mass of electrolyte 101, based on 15 mL of electrolyte 101, the maximum water content would be approximately 0.015 mL. Under standard conditions, the maximum amount of hydrogen that could be generated would be approximately 9.3 mL. This trace amount of gas is instantly diluted to well below the lower explosive limit of hydrogen (4% volume concentration) in the downhole ventilation environment and does not pose a safety risk.

[0037] It should be added that anchor cable A can be a steel anchor cable A, and the main component of steel anchor cable A is iron.

[0038] After the power supply 40 is turned on, the surface of the anchor cable A, which is in contact with the second electrode 30, undergoes an oxidation reaction. Iron atoms lose electrons to generate ferrous ions, that is, the anchor cable A dissolves.

[0039] It should be added that the standard electrode potential of iron is -0.447V, which is the potential between an iron atom and a ferrous ion.

[0040] According to the Nernst equation, at room temperature, in the initial stage of the oxidation reaction on the surface of anchor cable A, the concentration of ferrous ions on the surface of anchor cable A is low. At this time, the actual electrode potential of anchor cable A is negative, and the oxidation and dissolution of anchor cable A requires sufficient thermodynamic driving force. The power supply 40 only needs to apply a potential higher than the standard electrode potential required for the dissolution of anchor cable A to allow anchor cable A to continue dissolving. If an external voltage of 24V is used, anchor cable A can deviate from its thermodynamic equilibrium state, driving the oxidation reaction of iron atoms to continue in the positive direction.

[0041] The surface of the steel strand naturally possesses a dense Fe2O3 / Fe3O4 passivation film, which normally protects the iron substrate. Anions generated during the electrolysis of electrolyte 101 compete with oxygen ions for adsorption on the passivation film surface, preferentially occupying defect sites such as grain boundaries, dislocation outcrops, and inclusion interfaces. These anions adsorbed at defect sites disrupt the passivation film structure. Furthermore, these anions combine with ferrous ions generated from the oxidation reaction of the exposed iron substrate under an electric field, forming soluble iron salts that dissolve in electrolyte 101. This results in micropores in the passivation film, exposing the iron substrate and leading to pitting corrosion.

[0042] Anchor cable A has a gap of 0.1mm-0.5mm inside. The gap forms a local environment for a closed battery. The concentration of ferrous ions generated by the dissolution of anchor cable A within the gap continuously increases. To maintain the electroneutrality of the system, anions generated by the electrolysis of electrolyte 101 continuously migrate into the gap, further accelerating the destruction of the local passivation film and the dissolution of the iron matrix, forming a self-catalytic cycle. This causes the anchor cable A inside the insulating container 10 to continuously undergo electrochemical reactions, eventually leading to its breakage.

[0043] It should be added that before anchor cable A is suspended below the surrounding rock in the well, anchor cable A is subjected to an axial preload actively applied by the tensioning equipment. When anchor cable A is suspended below the surrounding rock in the well, it is subjected to gravity and compressive force exerted by the surrounding rock. The axial preload and the gravity and compressive force exerted by the surrounding rock in the well keep anchor cable A in a state of high elastic strain.

[0044] According to the Gutmann force-chemical effect theory, when anchor cable A is subjected to elastic tensile stress, the crystal lattice undergoes elastic distortion. This distortion makes the passivation film thinner and increases the defect density, allowing anions generated by the electrolysis of electrolyte 101 to more easily penetrate the passivation film and induce pitting corrosion, ultimately leading to the dissolution and fracture of anchor cable A. Furthermore, the lattice distortion increases the interatomic spacing, weakens atomic bonding forces, and lowers the activation energy required for iron atoms to escape the lattice. This makes the second electrode 30 more prone to losing electrons and undergoing a dissolution reaction, further contributing to the fracture of anchor cable A. Additionally, the dissolution equilibrium potential of the second electrode 30 shifts negatively due to the loss of electrons. The higher the elastic tensile stress, the greater the negative shift in the dissolution equilibrium potential of the second electrode 30. A stable potential difference is formed between the high-stress area and the low-stress area of ​​anchor cable A, spontaneously constructing an galvanic corrosion circuit. Combined with the external electrolyte 101 system, this can directionally accelerate corrosion in the high-stress area of ​​anchor cable A, precisely cutting it off.

[0045] Thus, the anchor cable A breaking device 1 provided in this application achieves anchor cable A breaking through an electrochemical system of electrolyte 101, without mechanical cutting, open flame, or mechanical impact. No hydrogen is generated during the entire breaking process, preventing hydrogen accumulation in high-gas mines and eliminating the risk of explosion. After power is switched on, personnel can safely evacuate; the entire breaking process is unattended and operates automatically. Furthermore, the anchor cable A breaking device 1 has a modular structure, is easy to assemble, and can be quickly installed at any position on anchor cable A, achieving precise breaking of the cable at a fixed point or area.

[0046] In some embodiments, the dissolution area and fracture time of anchor cable A are calculated in the following manner: Taking a φ15.24mm steel strand (1×7 structure, 7 φ5.08mm steel wires) as an example: the total cross-sectional area A≈141.9mm²; the tensile force P of anchor cable A=200kN; the ultimate tensile strength of the steel strand σ=1860MPa; the critical fracture section Acr of anchor cable A=P / σ=200000 / 1860≈107.5mm²; the section of anchor cable A that needs to be dissolved ΔA=total cross-sectional area A-critical fracture section Acr=141.9-107.5=34.4mm², which means that 24.2% of the total cross-sectional area needs to be corroded.

[0047] Similarly, taking a φ18.6mm steel strand (1×7 structure, 7 φ6.20mm steel wires) as an example: the total cross-sectional area is 211.3mm²; the tensile force that anchor cable A can withstand is 200kN; the critical section for anchor cable A to break is 107.53mm²; the section of anchor cable A that needs to be dissolved is 103.77mm², which means that 49.1% of the total cross-sectional area needs to be corroded.

[0048] Similarly, taking a φ28.6mm steel strand (1×19 structure, 19 φ5.72mm steel wires) as an example: the total cross-sectional area is 488.2mm²; the tensile force that anchor cable A can withstand is 328.5kN; the critical section for anchor cable A to break is 176.6mm²; the section of anchor cable A that needs to be dissolved is 311.6mm², which means that 63.8% of the total cross-sectional area needs to be corroded.

[0049] According to Faraday's law of electrolysis, the mass of the second electrode 30 anchor cable A dissolved is: m=(M×I×t) / (n×F), where M is the molar mass of iron (55.85g / mol), I is the current (A), t is the time (s), n is the number of electrons transferred (2), and F is the Faraday constant (96485C / mol).

[0050] With an output voltage of 24V, a current of 5A, and a current efficiency of 40%, the dissolution rate of anchor cable A is: dm / dt = (55.85 × 5 × 0.4) / (2 × 96485) ≈ 5.79 × 10⁻⁶ -4 g / s = 2.08 g / h.

[0051] With an output voltage of 24V, a current of 5A, and a current efficiency of 40%, the breakage time of φ15.24mm steel strand (1×7 structure, 7 φ5.08mm steel wires) is: t=(7.85×10-3g / mm3×34.4mm²) / 2.08g / h=7min. Similarly, with an output voltage of 24V, a current of 5A, and a current efficiency of 40%, the breakage time of φ18.6mm steel strand (1×7 structure, 7 φ6.20mm steel wires) is 33min; and the breakage time of φ28.6mm steel strand (1×19 structure, 19 φ5.72mm steel wires) is 132min. In other words, when the output voltage is 24V, the current is 5A, and the current efficiency is 40%, the anchor cable A with diameters of φ15.24mm, φ18.6mm, and φ28.6mm can be broken within one hour, and the entire process does not require personnel to enter the goaf area. The equipment can be retrieved after the cable breaking is completed.

[0052] With an output voltage of 24V, and using a maximum compliant current of 6A and a current efficiency of 50%, the breakage time for φ15.24mm steel strand (1×7 structure, 7 φ5.08mm steel wires) can be reduced to 5.2 minutes; the breakage time for φ18.6mm steel strand (1×7 structure, 7 φ6.20mm steel wires) can be reduced to 15.6 minutes; and the breakage time for φ28.6mm steel strand (1×19 structure, 19 φ5.72mm steel wires) can be reduced to 46.8 minutes. In other words, when the output voltage is 24V, the current is 6A, and the current efficiency is 50%, the breakage of anchor cables A (φ15.24mm, φ18.6mm, and φ28.6mm) can be completed within one hour.

[0053] It should be added that, due to the influence of the elastic tensile stress borne by anchor cable A, during the gradual dissolution and fracture process of anchor cable A, as the fracture cross-sectional area of ​​anchor cable A decreases, the elastic tensile stress borne by anchor cable A increases, and the dissolution rate of anchor cable A increases non-linearly. Taking φ28.6mm steel strand (1×19 structure, 19 φ5.72mm steel wires) as an example: when the tensile force borne by anchor cable A is 328.5kN, the dissolution rate of anchor cable A accelerates from the initial 1.60mm² / min to 6.82mm² / min at fracture, an acceleration factor of 4.3 times. The dissolution rate of anchor cable A of all specifications shows a characteristic of slow at the beginning and fast at the end.

[0054] In some embodiments, the anchor cable A breaking device 1 further includes a tray 70 and a lock 60 fitted onto the exposed section of the anchor cable A.

[0055] The tray 70 can be tightly attached to the surface of the top plate. The tray 70 is used to transfer and evenly distribute the preload of anchor cable A, while axially limiting anchor cable A. The locking device 60 clamps and fixes anchor cable A, locking the preload and preventing anchor cable A from retracting. The top of the locking device 60 can be tightly attached to the lower part of the tray 70. After the two are assembled, a stress concentration area is formed on anchor cable A above the tray 70.

[0056] The outer diameter of the lock 60 may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the insulating container 10. The insulating container 10 may be fitted over the lock 60 so that the lock 60 is completely contained within the insulating container 10. The top of the insulating container 10 may fit against the top of the tray 70 so that the stress concentration area of ​​the anchor cable A is also located inside the insulating container 10.

[0057] The first electrode 20 can be closely attached to the lower edge of the tray 70 and in contact with the outer circular surface of the tray 70.

[0058] It should be added that the contact between lock 60 and anchor cable A, and between lock 60 and tray 70, is a mechanically clamped metal-to-metal contact. Although lock 60 and tray 70 are both made of steel, the contact surfaces are not metallurgically bonded, but rather exhibit elastoplastic contact with micro-rough peaks, resulting in micro-contact resistance. This micro-contact resistance depends on the contact area and contact pressure.

[0059] When the electrolyte 101 seeps into the gaps of the anchor cable A inside the insulating container 10, there are two current paths. The first path: anchor cable A, lock 60, tray 70, and first electrode 20. The second path: anchor cable A, electrolyte 101, and first electrode 20. The first current path passes through a micro-contact resistor. The micro-contact resistor divides the current and limits its flow. The operating current mainly flows through the second current path.

[0060] At the necked-off point above tray 70, there is no direct metal-to-metal contact structure. Current is conducted via a second path, causing anchor cable A at the necked-off point above tray 70 to dissolve. Because anchor cable A at the necked-off point above tray 70 has the smallest cross-sectional area, the greatest stress, and the weakest passivation film, the current density at this point is the highest. Therefore, the breakage location of anchor cable A can be precisely controlled above tray 70.

[0061] At the necking point above tray 70, anchor cable A exhibits a typical geometric abrupt change at the clamping end of locking device 60. As anchor cable A enters the clamping section of locking device 60 from its free section, the cross-sectional constraint changes abruptly, leading to stress concentration. Taking φ15.24mm anchor cable A as an example: when anchor cable A bears a tensile force of 200kN, the average stress of anchor cable A is 564MPa. When the stress concentration factor Kt=3-5, the local stress reaches 1692MPa-2820MPa.

[0062] According to the Gutmann force-chemical effect theory, when the stress concentration factor Kt = 3-5, the dissolution equilibrium potential of the second electrode 30 shifts negatively by 0.062V-0.104V, creating a potential difference of approximately 40mV-80mV between the high-stress and low-stress areas. The dissolution equilibrium potential of the second electrode 30 is more negative in the high-stress area, making anchor cable A more susceptible to oxidation and dissolution. In other words, due to the higher stress concentration of anchor cable A at the necking point above tray 70, anchor cable A spontaneously forms an galvanic corrosion circuit at this location. Combined with the external electrolyte 101 system, this accelerates the dissolution of anchor cable A, leading to cable breakage.

[0063] In some embodiments, the electrolyte 101 includes a surfactant, a solvent, and a conductive salt. The electrolyte 101 contains no free water, thus solving the problem of ordinary aqueous solution electrolysis producing large amounts of hydrogen gas that can accumulate and cause explosions, making it suitable for the flammable and explosive environment of underground coal mines.

[0064] Nonionic surfactants can be selected. The surfactant is used to reduce the surface tension of electrolyte 101, allowing it to quickly penetrate into the gaps of anchor cable A, achieving overall cable breakage from the outside in, and solving the problem of incomplete cable breakage caused by dissolution only on the surface of anchor cable A.

[0065] The solvent can be anhydrous ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol alone, or a mixture of the two in any proportion. Although anhydrous ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol molecules contain hydroxyl groups, the dissociation energy of the OH bond is high, approximately 440 kJ / mol. Under a working voltage of 24 V, anhydrous ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol molecules do not undergo reductive decomposition at the first electrode 20. In addition, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol solvents have moderate viscosity and low volatility, which can maintain the stability of the electrochemical reaction system for a long time.

[0066] Sodium chloride can be used as the conductive medium in conductive salts. The chloride ions in sodium chloride can disrupt the passivation film of anchor cable A. Sodium chloride is readily soluble in alcohol solvents, which can improve the conductivity of electrolyte 101 and stabilize the current in the conductive circuit. The dissolution of sodium chloride in anhydrous ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol depends on the solvation of sodium and chloride ions by the dihydroxyl groups. Although the dielectric constant of ethylene glycol at 25°C (ε≈37) is lower than that of water at 25°C (ε≈78), it is still sufficient to support the ionization and dissolution of sodium chloride.

[0067] In some embodiments, the electrolyte 101 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 part surfactant; 9-11 parts conductive salt; and 88-90.9 parts solvent. When preparing the electrolyte 101, the conductive salt can be fully dissolved in the solvent first, then the surfactant can be added and stirred until homogeneous. After standing to defoam, it is then injected into the insulating container 10 for use. A moderate amount of surfactant can improve the penetration effect of the electrolyte 101 without thickening it and affecting its fluidity. A moderate amount of solvent allows the conductive salt and surfactant to dissolve. A moderate amount of conductive salt ensures a suitable resistance in the conductive circuit, allowing the anchor cable A within the insulating container 10 to maintain a preset operating current.

[0068] In some embodiments, the electrolyte 101 has a kinematic viscosity of 60 mm² / s-120 mm² / s at 20℃-25℃, which allows the electrolyte 101 to penetrate into the 0.1 mm-0.5 mm gap of the anchor cable A under the action of capillary force and remain stably, without being rapidly lost under the action of gravity, so that the anchor cable A in the insulating container 10 is continuously wetted.

[0069] In some embodiments, the preset amount of electrolyte 101 is the sum of the inner cavity volume of the insulating container 10, the gap volume of the anchor cable A in the insulating container 10, and the preset safety margin.

[0070] The preset amount of electrolyte 101 is precisely enough to fill the inner cavity of the insulating container 10 and the gaps in the anchor cable A within the insulating container 10. Electrolyte 101 not only coats the outer surface of anchor cable A but also penetrates deep into the internal gaps of anchor cable A. The dissolution of anchor cable A proceeds simultaneously from the outside in and from the surface to the core, solving the problem of incomplete cable breakage due to only dissolving the surface of anchor cable A without internal corrosion. Increasing the preset safety margin compensates for losses caused by capillary penetration, ensuring a stable wetting state of anchor cable A by electrolyte 101 and complete breakage of anchor cable A within the insulating container 10.

[0071] In some embodiments, the anchor cable A breaking device 1 further includes a current monitoring module. The current monitoring module is electrically connected to the power supply 40 and collects the output circuit current value of the power supply 40 in real time. The current monitoring module has a preset current, and during operation, it monitors and compares the output current of the power supply 40 with the preset current in real time. When the output current exceeds the preset current, the current monitoring module immediately triggers power-off protection, forcibly disconnecting the power supply 40. By monitoring the circuit current in real time through the current monitoring module, faults such as abnormal electrolytic reaction, partial short circuit in anchor cable A, and electrode contact short circuit can be predicted. This solves the problem of excessive current causing violent electrolysis of the electrolyte 101, a sudden temperature rise, and the generation of abnormal gases, preventing electrode ablation or damage to the power supply 40, and improving the safety of the cable breaking operation.

[0072] In some embodiments, the anchor cable A breakage device 1 further includes a temperature monitoring module. The temperature monitoring module is installed and fixed inside the insulating container 10, directly attached to the electrolyte 101. The temperature monitoring module collects the real-time temperature of the electrolyte 101. The temperature monitoring module has a built-in preset temperature; when the monitored temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the control power supply 40 is cut off, terminating the electrolysis and electrochemical reaction. By monitoring the temperature rise of the electrolytic reaction in the electrolyte 101 in real time through the temperature monitoring module, the problem of excessively high electrolyte 101 temperature leading to accelerated solvent evaporation and electrolyte 101 system failure can be solved. Simultaneously, it can solve problems such as high temperature causing underground gas accumulation and liquid boiling and splashing.

[0073] In some embodiments, the anchor cable A breaking device 1 further includes an electrolyte 101 injection mechanism. The electrolyte 101 injection mechanism includes a syringe or squeeze bottle equipped with a slender injection needle. The electrolyte 101 injection mechanism is used to inject the electrolyte 101 into the insulating container 10. This achieves sealed injection of the electrolyte 101, reducing the large-area contact between the electrolyte 101 and air, lowering the risk of solvent evaporation and moisture absorption, and keeping the electrolyte 101 in an anhydrous state. Simultaneously, the electrolyte 101 injection mechanism allows for precise control of the preset dosage of the electrolyte 101.

[0074] Secondly, such as Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a method for breaking anchor cable A, which is based on the anchor cable A breaking device 1 provided in the first aspect of this application, and includes the following steps: S100: The insulating container 10 is fitted over the outside of the anchor cable A, so that the anchor cable A is contained within the insulating container 10.

[0075] The insulating container 10 is inserted from the bottom of the anchor cable A upwards, so that the target broken area of ​​the anchor cable A is inside the insulating container 10, which facilitates the subsequent electrolysis of the electrolyte 101 inside the insulating container 10, causing the target broken area to undergo an electrochemical reaction and break.

[0076] S200: Arrange the first electrode 20 on the inner wall of the insulating container 10, and connect the first electrode 20 to the negative terminal of the power supply 40.

[0077] The first electrode 20 is arranged on the inner wall of the insulating container 10, making the electrolyte 101 inside the insulating container 10 conductive to the first electrode 20. The first electrode 20 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply 40, which can provide electrons to the first electrode 20, reducing the trace oxygen on the surface of the first electrode 20 into liquid dissolved ions. The dissolved ions react with the cations generated at the electrode in the electrolyte 101 to form a soluble compound, which dissolves in the electrolyte 101.

[0078] S300: Connect the second electrode 30 to the target position of the anchor cable A, and connect the second electrode 30 to the positive terminal of the power supply 40.

[0079] The second electrode 30 is connected to the target position of the anchor cable A, and the second electrode 30 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 40, so that the second electrode 30, the anchor cable A, the electrolyte 101 and the first electrode 20 form a circuit.

[0080] S400: Inject a preset amount of electrolyte 101 into the insulating container 10, so that the electrolyte 101 seeps into the gap of the anchor cable A inside the insulating container 10.

[0081] The electrolyte 101 injection mechanism injects a preset amount of electrolyte 101 into the insulating container 10, allowing the electrolyte 101 to penetrate into the 0.1mm-0.5mm gap through capillary action and continuously wet the anchor cable A inside the insulating container 10.

[0082] S500: Connect the power supply 40 and adjust the current of the power supply 40 to cause the anchor cable A inside the insulating container 10 to undergo an electrochemical reaction and break.

[0083] After verifying that the circuit connections are correct, connect the 24V explosion-proof DC power supply 40 for mining and adjust the output current to 4A-6A. The current flows through the second electrode 30, anchor cable A, electrolyte 101, and first electrode 20. The anions generated by the electrolysis of electrolyte 101 destroy the passivation film of anchor cable A and combine with the ferrous ions generated by the oxidation reaction of anchor cable A to form soluble iron salts, forming pitting corrosion nuclei, which in turn cause anchor cable A to break.

[0084] Thus, the anchor cable A breaking method provided in this application utilizes the anions generated by the electrolysis of conductive salts in electrolyte 101 to destroy the passivation film of anchor cable A and dissolve the iron matrix, thereby achieving anchor cable A's breakage. The breaking process is smooth, without impact, open flame, or flying debris, and is safe and controllable. The entire anchor cable A breaking method has a clear sequence, is safe to operate, and on-site personnel can operate according to the standardized procedures. Furthermore, this method is adaptable to anchor cables A of different diameters and specifications, demonstrating strong versatility.

[0085] In some embodiments, before fitting the insulating container 10 over the outside of the anchor cable A, the following steps are included: S1000: Confirm that the methane concentration in the air of the work area is below 0.5%.

[0086] Before cutting the cable, use a methane detector to test the air in the work area. Subsequent work can only proceed after confirming the methane concentration is below 0.5%. If the concentration exceeds the standard, immediately ventilate to reduce the concentration. This is to prevent gas explosions caused by electrical sparks and electrolysis temperature rise from the source.

[0087] S2000: Clean the outer surface of the target location of anchor cable A.

[0088] Use tools to clean the slag and dust from the outer surface of the anchor cable A at the target location to be connected to the second electrode 30, exposing the anchor cable A body, so that the second electrode 30 can make good contact with the anchor cable A, and solve the problem of poor conductivity and cable breakage caused by impurities on the surface of the anchor cable A.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An anchor cable breaking device, characterized in that, The anchor cable breaking device includes: An insulating container for being fitted onto the anchor cable, the insulating container being used to contain electrolyte; A first electrode is at least partially disposed within the insulating container, and the first electrode is used to contact the electrolyte injected into the insulating container; The second electrode is used to contact the anchor cable; A power source, wherein the negative terminal of the power source is connected to the first electrode and the positive terminal of the power source is connected to the second electrode; When the power is turned on, the electrolyte injected into the insulating container undergoes electrolysis, causing the anchor cable inside the insulating container to break due to an electrochemical reaction.

2. The anchor cable breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte comprises: Surfactants; Solvent, said solvent comprising at least one of anhydrous ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol; A conductive salt, including sodium chloride.

3. The anchor cable breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by weight: The surfactant is 0.1 to 1 part; The conductive salt is 9-11 parts; The solvent is 88-90.9 parts.

4. The anchor cable breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The kinematic viscosity of the electrolyte at 20℃-25℃ is 60mm² / s-120mm² / s.

5. The anchor cable breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset amount of electrolyte is the sum of the inner cavity volume of the insulating container, the gap volume of the anchor cable inside the insulating container, and the preset safety margin.

6. The anchor cable breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor cable breaking device also includes: A current monitoring module is connected to the power supply module, and the current monitoring module is used to monitor the current when the power supply is turned on. The current monitoring module is configured to control the power supply to disconnect when the monitored output current of the power supply is higher than a preset current.

7. The anchor cable breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor cable breaking device also includes: A temperature monitoring module is installed inside the insulating container, and the temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte; The temperature monitoring module is configured to disconnect the power supply when the detected temperature of the electrolyte is higher than a preset temperature.

8. The anchor cable breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The anchor cable breaking device also includes: An electrolyte injection mechanism is provided for injecting the electrolyte into the insulating container.

9. A method for breaking an anchor cable, characterized in that, The anchor cable breaking method is implemented based on the anchor cable breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method includes: The insulating container is fitted over the outside of the anchor cable, so that the anchor cable is contained within the insulating container; The first electrode is arranged on the inner wall of the insulating container and connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; Connect the second electrode to the target position of the anchor cable and connect the second electrode to the positive terminal of the power supply; The predetermined amount of electrolyte is injected into the insulating container, allowing the electrolyte to seep into the gaps of the anchor cable inside the insulating container; The power supply is switched on, and the current of the power supply is adjusted to cause the anchor cable inside the insulating container to undergo an electrochemical reaction and break.

10. The anchor cable breaking method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Before fitting the insulating container over the outside of the anchor cable, the procedure includes: Confirm that the methane concentration in the air of the work area is below 0.5%; Clean the outer surface of the target location of the anchor cable.

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