Gas turbine air intake purifier

Abstract

The application provides a gas turbine air inlet purification device, which comprises, in sequence along the air inlet flow direction, an air inlet section, an inertial separation section, a filter cartridge filtering section and an air outlet section; the inertial separation section is used for efficiently removing large-particle sand and coarse dust; the filter cartridge filtering section is used for deeply filtering fine dust, and at least two mutually independent and sealed and isolated filtering sub-zones are arranged in the filter cartridge filtering section, and each filtering sub-zone comprises at least one filter cartridge; the device further comprises a dust cleaning module, which is configured to independently perform an online dust cleaning operation on each filtering sub-zone. The device can avoid the sudden decrease of the overall filtering area and the severe fluctuation of the air inlet resistance caused by the traditional pulse back flushing, and prevent the gas turbine from surging, load fluctuation or shutdown risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gas turbine intake air treatment technology, and more specifically, to a gas turbine intake air purification device. Background Technology

[0002] In harsh environments such as deserts, Gobi, mines, and sandstorm areas, the intake air of gas turbines contains a large amount of high-concentration, high-hardness, and highly abrasive pollutants such as sand, soil particles, mineral dust, and particulate matter. This can easily cause erosion, wear, scratches, fouling, and blockage of compressor blades, leading to reduced unit output, decreased efficiency, increased exhaust temperature, intensified vibration, and shortened service life. In severe cases, it can trigger major safety accidents such as compressor surge, protective shutdown of the unit, and blade breakage, resulting in huge economic losses and equipment damage. Therefore, it is necessary to install an intake air purification device at the front end of the gas turbine's intake system.

[0003] Traditional air intake purification devices typically employ a combination of inertial separation and cartridge filtration. The former filters large particles, while the latter filters fine dust. Furthermore, because fine dust easily clogs the cartridges, a pulse-jet backflushing device is usually included for cleaning. However, existing pulse-jet backflushing devices cause a sudden drop in filtration area during cleaning, resulting in drastic fluctuations in intake resistance. This can easily trigger gas turbine surge, load fluctuations, or even shutdown. Therefore, cleaning must be performed while the unit is shut down. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides at least one gas turbine intake air purification device, which can avoid the sudden drop in overall filtration area and drastic fluctuations in intake resistance caused by traditional pulse backflushing, thus preventing gas turbine surge, load fluctuations or shutdown risks.

[0005] This application provides a gas turbine intake air purification device, which includes an intake section, an inertial separation section, a filter cartridge section, and an outlet section arranged sequentially along the intake air flow direction; the filter cartridge section has at least two independent and sealed filter partitions, each filter partition containing at least one filter cartridge; the device also includes a dust removal module, which is configured to perform online dust removal operations independently on each of the filter partitions.

[0006] In one optional embodiment, the dust removal module is a pulse backflushing dust removal device.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the dust removal module includes multiple pulse jet cleaning units, an air supply unit, multiple differential pressure sensors, and an intelligent controller. The pulse jet cleaning units are disposed within corresponding filter compartments. The air supply units are connected to each of the pulse jet cleaning units. The differential pressure sensors are disposed within the corresponding filter compartments and are used to detect the differential pressure signal before and after the filter cartridge in the corresponding filter compartment in real time. The intelligent controller is connected to the pulse jet cleaning units and the differential pressure sensors and is configured to control the corresponding pulse jet cleaning units to perform online pulse backflushing operations based on the differential pressure signal.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the intelligent controller is further configured to: automatically initiate an online pulse backflushing operation on the corresponding filter zone when the differential pressure signal of any of the differential pressure sensors reaches a first set value, until the differential pressure signal of the differential pressure sensor drops to a second set value and then stops.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the intelligent controller is further configured to: when the differential pressure signal of any of the differential pressure sensors reaches a first set value, perform online pulse backflushing operations on multiple pulse jet units in a preset order.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the air intake section is provided with an airflow distribution structure.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the inertial separation section is provided with at least two louvered inertial separators arranged in series.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the blade tilt angle and / or blade spacing of each stage of the louvered inertial separator vary in a gradient.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the device further includes a housing, in which the air inlet section, the inertial separation section, the filter cartridge section, and the air outlet section are integrated, and the internal flow channels of each section are directly connected.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, a dust collection hopper is provided inside the housing, the dust collection hopper is located below the inertial separation section and the filter cartridge filtration section, and a dust discharge port is provided at the bottom of the dust collection hopper.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The gas turbine intake air purification device of this application divides the filter cartridge into multiple independent zones and equips each zone with an independent cleaning function. This allows only a portion of the filter area to pause operation during online cleaning, while the remaining zones continue filtering. This avoids the sudden drop in overall filter area and drastic fluctuations in intake resistance caused by traditional pulse backflushing. This effectively prevents gas turbine surge, load fluctuations, or shutdown risks, significantly improves the continuity and stability of the device's operation, and ensures the safe and efficient operation of the unit in harsh environments.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. These drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. They illustrate embodiments conforming to this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the technical solutions of this application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas turbine intake air purification device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 An assembly diagram of the filter cartridge filtration section and the dust removal module; In the diagram: 1. Inlet section; 11. Airflow distribution structure; 2. Inertial separation section; 21. Louvered inertial separator; 3. Filter cartridge section; 31. Filtration zone; 31a. Filter cartridge; 4. Outlet section; 41. Outlet; 5. Dust removal module; 51. Pulse jet cleaning unit; 51a. Nozzle; 51b. Valve; 52. Air supply unit; 53. Multiple differential pressure sensors; 54. Intelligent controller; 6. Housing; 7. Dust collection hopper; 71. Dust discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0020] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2This application provides a gas turbine intake air purification device for use in harsh environments with high dust, high abrasion, and strong vibration, such as deserts, Gobi, mines, and sandstorm areas. The device includes an intake section 1, an inertial separation section 2, a cartridge filter section 3, and an outlet section 4 arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. The inertial separation section 2 is used to efficiently remove large particles of sand and coarse dust. The cartridge filter section 3 is used for deep filtration of fine dust. The cartridge filter section 3 has at least two independent and sealed filtration zones 31, each containing at least one filter cartridge 31a. The device also includes a dust removal module 5, configured to independently perform online dust removal operations on each filtration zone 31. When the intake air purification device is in operation, the intake air flows sequentially through the intake section 1, the inertial separation section 2, and the cartridge filter section 3. The inertial separation section 2 first separates larger particulate pollutants, and then the airflow enters the cartridge filter section 3, where each filtration zone 31 filters fine dust. When the filter cartridge 31a of a certain filtration zone 31 becomes clogged, the cleaning module 5 can independently perform online cleaning operations on the filter cartridge 31a of that filtration zone 31. That is, during normal operation of the gas turbine, only the clogged zone is cleaned, while other zones maintain normal filtration functions. This air intake purification device adopts intelligent zone cleaning technology, which can achieve online cleaning of the gas turbine without stopping the engine, reducing load, or causing fluctuations. The cleaning process does not affect the operation of the unit, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the unit's operation.

[0025] It should be noted that the arrangement of the filter sections 31 in the filter cartridge filtration section 3 can be selected according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this. For example, there are three filter sections 31, which are arranged side by side, and each filter section 31 contains two filter cartridges 31a.

[0026] It should also be noted that the exhaust section 4 may be equipped with an exhaust port 41, which is connected to the intake end of the gas turbine's intake system to purify the airflow before it enters the gas turbine.

[0027] In some embodiments, the dust removal module 5 is a pulse backflushing dust removal device. Pulse backflushing has the characteristics of short dust removal time and relatively economical air consumption. The pulse backflushing dust removal technology has high dust removal intensity and significant effect, which can effectively peel off and remove the dust adhering to the surface of the filter cartridge 31a, ensuring that the filter cartridge 31a restores its high-efficiency filtration capacity.

[0028] In this embodiment, the dust removal module 5 includes multiple pulse jet cleaning units 51, an air supply unit 52 (such as an air storage tank), multiple differential pressure sensors 53, and an intelligent controller 54. The pulse jet cleaning units 51 are located within their respective filter compartments 31. The air supply units 52 are connected to each pulse jet cleaning unit 51 via [a specific method / mechanism]. The differential pressure sensors are located within their respective filter compartments 31 and are used to detect the differential pressure signal before and after the filter cartridge 31a within the corresponding filter compartment 31 in real time. The intelligent controller 54 is connected to the pulse jet cleaning units 51 and the differential pressure sensors and is configured to control the corresponding pulse jet cleaning units 51 to perform online pulse backflushing operations based on the differential pressure signal. In other words, each filter compartment 31 is equipped with a differential pressure sensor and a pulse jet cleaning unit 51. The controller can determine whether each filter compartment 31 has a blockage problem based on the differential pressure signal detected by each differential pressure sensor. If a filter compartment 31 has a blockage problem, the controller immediately activates the pulse jet cleaning unit 51 corresponding to that filter compartment 31, and the air supply unit 52 provides high-pressure gas for pulse backflushing dust removal. With real-time monitoring by differential pressure sensor and automatic decision-making by intelligent controller 54, the dust removal operation accurately responds to the actual degree of clogging of filter cartridge 31a, avoiding problems such as over-duration or untimely dust removal that may be caused by relying on experience or fixed cycle dust removal.

[0029] In this embodiment, the intelligent controller 54 is further configured to: automatically initiate an online pulse backflushing operation on the corresponding filter compartment 31 when the differential pressure signal of any differential pressure sensor reaches a first set value, until the differential pressure signal of the differential pressure sensor drops to a second set value. That is, when the differential pressure sensor in any filter compartment 31 detects that the differential pressure value before and after the filter cartridge 31a reaches the threshold value required for cleaning (i.e., the first set value), the intelligent controller 54 automatically triggers and initiates a pulse backflushing cleaning operation for that specific compartment until the differential pressure signal of that compartment drops to the threshold value for cleaning recovery (i.e., the second set value), at which point the intelligent controller 54 automatically stops the cleaning operation for that compartment.

[0030] In other embodiments, the intelligent controller 54 is further configured to: when the differential pressure signal of any differential pressure sensor reaches a first set value, sequentially perform online pulse backflushing operations on multiple pulse jet cleaning units 51 in a preset order. That is, when the differential pressure sensor of any filter partition 31 detects that the differential pressure value reaches the trigger cleaning threshold, the intelligent controller 54 will control each pulse jet cleaning unit 51 to sequentially perform cleaning operations on the corresponding filter partition 31 in a preset order. It is understood that the filter partition 31 that is cleaned first may be the partition whose differential pressure value reaches the trigger cleaning threshold, rather than being cleaned in a fixed order.

[0031] It should be noted that the configuration of the pulse jet cleaning unit 51 in the dust removal module 5 can be selected according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it. For example, the number of pulse jet cleaning units 51 is three (the same as the number of filter sections 31). The three pulse jet cleaning units 51 are connected to the air supply unit 52 through the air supply pipe. The three pulse jet cleaning units 51 correspond one-to-one with the three filter sections 31. Each pulse jet cleaning unit 51 is equipped with two nozzles 51a and one valve 51b. The two nozzles 51a are respectively directed toward the two filter cartridges 31a of the corresponding filter section 31. The valve 51b is used to control the airflow. When the filter cartridge 31a of a certain filter section 31 becomes blocked, the intelligent controller 54 can control the corresponding valve 51b to open, and the corresponding pulse jet cleaning unit 51 blows air to the blocked filter cartridge 31a to clean it.

[0032] In some embodiments, an airflow distribution structure 11 (such as a flow equalization plate) is provided in the intake section 1. By providing the airflow distribution structure 11 in the intake section 1, the airflow entering the intake section 1 can be rectified, so that it flows evenly and smoothly downstream (i.e., the inertial separation section 2), thereby reducing the risk of local eddies, airflow deviation, or severe pressure fluctuations.

[0033] In some embodiments, the inertial separation section 2 employs a louvered inertial separation structure for efficient removal of large particles of sand and coarse dust. Specifically, the inertial separation section 2 is equipped with at least two stages of louvered inertial separators 21 connected in series. As the dust-laden airflow flows through these separators sequentially, the louvered blades guide the airflow to change direction multiple times. Utilizing the inertia of the dust particles, they are prevented from following the airflow deflection and instead impact the blade surface and are captured, thereby achieving multi-stage, successive separation of large particulate pollutants. This multi-stage series structure can remove most coarse particles in a graded and efficient manner, effectively reducing the dust load and wear risk of the downstream cartridge filter section 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, the blade tilt angle and / or blade spacing of each stage of the louvered inertial separator 21 exhibit a gradient change. For example, the louvered inertial separator 21 includes a primary separator and a secondary separator along the air intake direction. The primary separator has a small blade tilt angle and a large blade spacing, while the secondary separator has a large blade tilt angle and a small blade spacing. This gradient combination of a "wide and gentle sieve" in the front stage and a "tight and rapid turn" in the rear stage achieves a step-by-step, gradual separation of pollutants from coarse to fine. Specifically, the dust-laden airflow first flows through the primary separator, whose small blade tilt angle and large blade spacing design results in a gentle deflection of the airflow direction. It mainly relies on the large inertia of the particles themselves to efficiently separate the largest and heaviest particles (such as coarse sand and gravel) in the airflow with low resistance. Subsequently, the airflow enters the secondary separator, whose large blade tilt angle and small blade spacing design causes the airflow to turn sharply, increasing airflow disturbance and accelerating smaller particles. This effectively captures medium-sized particles with small particle size but still considerable inertia that were not separated in the previous stage, as well as some dust, achieving graded fine separation.

[0035] It should be noted that the configuration of the inertial separation segment 2 can be selected according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0036] In some embodiments, the device further includes a housing 6, within which the inlet section 1, inertial separation section 2, filter cartridge section 3, and outlet section 4 are integrated, with the internal flow channels of each section directly interconnected. By integrating all sections into a compact housing 6 and ensuring direct, seamless airflow channels within each section, a compact, integrated air intake purification module is formed. This significantly shortens the airflow path, eliminates intermediate links such as connecting pipes and flanges, reduces equipment size and potential leakage points, and significantly reduces pressure loss and local resistance loss along the airflow path during transmission, thereby improving the overall aerodynamic efficiency of the device. Simultaneously, the integrated structure simplifies installation and maintenance processes, enhancing the reliability and overall integrity of the device.

[0037] In this embodiment, a dust collection hopper 7 (such as a conical hopper) is provided inside the housing 6. The dust collection hopper 7 is located below the inertial separation section 2 and the cartridge filter section 3, and a dust discharge port 71 is provided at the bottom of the dust collection hopper 7. During operation, larger particles separated by the inertial separation section 2 fall directly into the dust collection hopper 7 under the action of gravity. At the same time, when the cartridge filter section 3 performs pulse backflushing cleaning, the dust that is stripped off also falls into the dust collection hopper 7 by gravity. The dust collected by the two methods can accumulate at the bottom of the dust collection hopper 7 and finally be discharged periodically through the dust discharge port 71 at the bottom. By setting up the dust collection hopper 7, it helps to keep the inside of the equipment clean, avoids the risk of dust accumulating inside the equipment, being re-entrained, or being reintroduced into the airflow, and ensures the continuity and effectiveness of the purification process.

[0038] The gas turbine intake air purification device in this embodiment divides the filter cartridge section 3 into multiple independent zones and equips each zone with an independent cleaning function. This allows only a portion of the filtration area to pause operation during online cleaning, while the remaining zones continue filtering. This avoids the sudden drop in overall filtration area and drastic fluctuations in intake resistance caused by traditional pulse backflushing. This effectively prevents gas turbine surge, load fluctuations, or shutdown risks, significantly improves the continuity and stability of the device's operation, and ensures the safe and efficient operation of the unit in harsh environments.

[0039] Example A 1MW gas turbine generator set has been built in a desert oil field. The area has extremely strong winds and sandstorms all year round, and the concentration of sand and dust in the air is extremely high. It is a typical harsh environment with high dust, strong winds and sandstorms and strong abrasion.

[0040] Before the air intake purification device of this embodiment was installed, the unit used a traditional cartridge dust collector. Due to the high content of large particles of sand and gravel, the cartridges would become severely clogged every week, requiring the unit to be shut down for replacement. This resulted in extremely high maintenance costs and huge downtime losses. The compressor blades also experienced significant wear, fouling, and vibration, leading to reduced unit output, lower efficiency, and a high failure rate.

[0041] After installing the intake purification device of this embodiment, the multi-stage inertial separation section can effectively remove more than 95% of large particles of sand and gravel, significantly reducing the load on the filter cartridge. The filter cartridge filtration section performs high-precision purification of fine dust, and the cleanliness of the purified air meets the high-precision intake requirements of the gas turbine. Moreover, the dust removal module can automatically perform zoned online dust removal according to the pressure difference of the filter cartridge. The dust removal process does not stop the machine, has virtually no fluctuations, and does not affect the operation of the unit, and the intake resistance remains stable at all times.

[0042] After 180 days of continuous operation, the air intake purification device showed no blockages, wear, leaks, or malfunctions; the filter cartridges were in good condition and required no downtime for maintenance. The gas turbine compressor blades showed no new wear, buildup, or vibration issues. The unit maintained stable output, high efficiency, and a low failure rate, fully meeting the requirements for long-term continuous and stable operation in a high-dust, heavy-load desert environment. Operational data indicates that the air intake purification device in this embodiment can effectively remove over 99.99% of dust particles, control intake resistance fluctuations within 5%, extend filter cartridge lifespan by more than 8 times, reduce maintenance workload by more than 85%, and reduce downtime losses by more than 95%, demonstrating significant economic and safety benefits.

[0043] One or more embodiments in this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this specification should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0044] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gas turbine intake air purification device, characterized in that, The device includes an air intake section, an inertial separation section, a filter cartridge section, and an air outlet section arranged sequentially along the air intake flow direction; the filter cartridge section has at least two independent and sealed filter partitions inside, each filter partition containing at least one filter cartridge; the device also includes a dust removal module, which is configured to perform online dust removal operations independently on each of the filter partitions.

2. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal module is a pulse backflushing dust removal device.

3. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dust removal module includes multiple pulse jet cleaning units, an air supply unit, multiple differential pressure sensors, and an intelligent controller. The pulse jet cleaning units are located within corresponding filter compartments. The air supply units are connected to each of the pulse jet cleaning units. The differential pressure sensors are located within the corresponding filter compartments and are used to detect the differential pressure signal before and after the filter cartridge in the corresponding filter compartment in real time. The intelligent controller is connected to the pulse jet cleaning units and the differential pressure sensors and is configured to control the corresponding pulse jet cleaning units to perform online pulse backflushing operations based on the differential pressure signal.

4. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent controller is also configured to: when the differential pressure signal of any of the differential pressure sensors reaches a first set value, automatically initiate an online pulse backflushing operation on the corresponding filter zone until the differential pressure signal of the differential pressure sensor drops to a second set value and then stops.

5. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent controller is also configured to: when the differential pressure signal of any of the differential pressure sensors reaches a first set value, perform online pulse backflushing operations on multiple pulse jet units in a preset order.

6. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake section is equipped with an airflow distribution structure.

7. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inertial separation section is equipped with at least two louvered inertial separators connected in series.

8. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blade tilt angle and / or blade spacing of the louvered inertial separators at each level vary in a gradient.

9. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a housing, in which the air inlet section, the inertial separation section, the filter cartridge section, and the air outlet section are integrated, and the internal flow channels of each section are directly connected.

10. The gas turbine intake air purification device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a dust collection hopper, which is located below the inertial separation section and the filter cartridge filtration section, and the bottom of the dust collection hopper is provided with a dust discharge port.

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