An axial flow pump with adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic structure

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of axial flow pumps, and provides an axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic structure, which comprises a supporting bottom plate, a first motor and a pump body arranged on the top of the supporting bottom plate, liquid inlet ends and liquid outlet ends arranged at the two ends of the pump body respectively, a main shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a sealing connection shell connecting the first motor and the pump body, a shaft coupling cover fixedly connected to one end of the sealing connection shell, supporting arms fixedly connected to the two sides of the pump body, an impeller unit connected to the end of the main shaft away from the first motor, and a guide vane unit arranged in the pump body and cooperatively matched with the impeller unit; the first motor drives the impeller unit to rotate to work on the medium, so that the medium obtains kinetic energy and flows in the axial direction; then the medium enters the guide vane unit arranged at the liquid outlet end of the pump body; the guide vane unit cooperatively matches with the impeller unit to rectify and stabilize the flow of the medium; and finally, the medium is smoothly discharged from the liquid outlet end of the pump body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of axial flow pump technology, and in particular to an axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most existing axial flow pumps employ a single impeller structure with guide vanes. This structure has numerous technical drawbacks, making it difficult to meet the demands of high head, large flow rate, and stable operation. When a single impeller rotates, it easily generates strong swirling currents in the pumped medium. These swirling currents cause significant kinetic energy loss, leading to reduced pump efficiency and issues such as pressure pulsation, equipment vibration, and operating noise. Furthermore, the pressurization capacity of a single-stage impeller is limited, requiring larger equipment size for high-head pumping, resulting in poor practicality. Impurities in the medium also cause concentrated erosion and wear on individual impellers, shortening their lifespan and increasing maintenance costs. Additionally, traditional single-impeller pumps are mostly fixed structures, unable to flexibly adjust their angle according to changes in flow rate and pressure, resulting in poor adaptability. Under complex operating conditions, they are prone to turbulent flow fields and eddy current accumulation, further exacerbating energy loss.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of single impellers and improve the operating efficiency and stability of the pump body. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that a single impeller structure cannot meet the requirements of high head, large flow rate and stable operation, and to provide an axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure, comprising: a supporting base plate and a first motor and a pump body disposed on the top of the supporting base plate, wherein the pump body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end respectively, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to a main shaft, the first motor and the pump body are connected by a sealed connecting shell, one end of the sealed connecting shell is fixedly connected to a coupling cover, and support arms are fixedly connected to both sides of the pump body, and further comprising: An impeller unit connected to the end of the main shaft away from the first motor, and a guide vane unit installed inside the pump body and adapted to the impeller unit. The impeller unit includes a hydraulic cylinder. An oil distributor is provided on the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder. A piston is provided at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. The oil distributor is fixedly connected to a stationary oil receiving ring on the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder and remains stationary throughout its operation to receive external pressure oil. The inner cylinder body and piston constitute a rotating component. The rear end base of the hydraulic cylinder is rigidly fixed to the end of the main shaft. The entire rotating component rotates synchronously with the main shaft. A first support column is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder. A first impeller carrier and a second impeller carrier are sequentially provided at the end of the first support column away from the hydraulic cylinder. A bearing seal integrated seat is provided through the outer surfaces of the first impeller carrier and the second impeller carrier. A first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bearing seal integrated seat. A first gear is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating shaft. An impeller blade is fixedly connected to the other end of the first rotating shaft. A guide cone is fixedly connected to the water-facing surface of the second impeller carrier. An internal adjustment unit is provided on the outer surface of the piston. The two sets of impeller blades correspond to each other, are tilted in the same direction, and are hydraulically adapted. The impeller blades on the second impeller carrier adopt an inlet pre-twist design, and their inlet angle is precisely matched with the angle of the swirling water flow discharged by the impeller blades on the first impeller carrier, so as to realize the swirling energy recovery and coordinated two-stage pressurization.

[0006] Preferably, the base of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft away from the first motor, the base of the first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate, and the bottom of the support arm is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate.

[0007] Preferably, the impeller blades are located outside the first impeller carrier and the second impeller carrier, and the first gear is located inside the first impeller carrier and the second impeller carrier.

[0008] Preferably, the internal adjustment unit includes a support block, a first bearing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support block, a first rack is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the first bearing plate, a second bearing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first rack away from the first bearing plate, an intermediate rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second bearing plate, a third bearing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the intermediate rod away from the second bearing plate, and a second rack is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the third bearing plate.

[0009] Preferably, the outer surface of the support block is connected to the piston, the first rack meshes with the first gear in the first impeller carrier, and the second rack meshes with the first gear in the second impeller carrier.

[0010] Preferably, the guide vane unit includes a support ring, and guide vane assemblies are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side of the support ring. The circumferentially adjacent guide vane assemblies form a fit. A flow-guiding assembly is provided on the upper guide vane assembly. All guide vane assemblies mesh with an annular toothed disc. The upper and lower sides of the annular toothed disc are provided with tooth grooves, and the outer surface of the annular toothed disc is provided with tooth blocks. The guide vane unit also includes a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second gear.

[0011] Preferably, the support ring is located at the liquid outlet end, and the base of the second motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pump body; The tooth block meshes with the second gear.

[0012] Preferably, the guide vane assembly includes a second sealing block, the inner wall of which is rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft, one end of which is fixedly connected to a third gear, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a guide vane plate. The guide vane plate is provided with a flow channel, which has a constriction structure with a large inlet and a small outlet to further increase the flow velocity. A crushing component is provided at the large port of the flow channel.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing component includes a crushing plate, the bottom of the crushing plate is provided with serrated edges and corners, a hollow groove is provided inside the crushing plate, guide grooves are provided on both sides of the hollow groove, a moving block is slidably connected inside the guide groove, an inner push block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving block, and a water flow groove is provided on the outer surface of the inner push block. The second sealing block is disposed through the outer surface of the support ring, the outer surface of the crushing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow channel, the guide vane is located outside the support ring, and the third gear is located inside the support ring.

[0014] Preferably, the flow guiding assembly includes a first side plate symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide vane plate, a rotating short block rotatably connected to the outer surface of the first side plate, a flow guide plate fixedly connected to one end of the rotating short block, a flow guide groove provided on the flow guide plate, a second side plate fixedly connected to the outer surface of the flow guide plate, a lead wire fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second side plate, and a water flow guide ball fixedly connected to the end of the lead wire away from the first side plate. The bottom of the first side plate is fixedly connected to the top of the guide vane plate, and the density of the water flow guide ball is adapted to the conveying medium.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) By combining the two impellers and the adjustable blade design, the problems of large vortex loss, obvious pressure pulsation and poor adaptability of single blade axial flow pumps are completely solved, significantly improving the pump body operating efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and extending the service life of the blades and reducing maintenance costs.

[0016] (2) Through a dedicated vortex treatment structure, various vortices are precisely cut and dispersed, suppressing equipment vibration and operating noise from the source. Compared with the shortcomings of traditional guide vanes that can only guide flow but cannot break vortices, the stability of pump operation is greatly improved, adapting to different flow and pressure requirements.

[0017] (3) By using adjustable blades and targeted vortex breaking design, combined with flow diversion and impurity removal structure, it not only solves the problem that traditional guide vanes can only guide flow but cannot completely eliminate vortices, but also realizes adaptive adjustment of working conditions, thus broadening the adaptability range of the pump body. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller unit of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the impeller unit of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the impeller unit of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal adjustment unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide vane unit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide vane unit of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the guide vane unit of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the guide vane assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage component of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Support base plate; 2. First motor; 3. Coupling cover; 4. Sealed connection housing; 5. Pump body; 6. Impeller unit; 7. Inlet end; 8. Outlet end; 9. Guide vane unit; 10. Support arm; 11. Main shaft; 61. Oil cylinder; 62. Oil distributor; 63. First support column; 64. First impeller carrier; 65. Second impeller carrier; 66. Guide cone; 67. Piston; 68. Internal adjustment unit; 69. Bearing seal integrated seat; 610. First rotating shaft; 611. First gear; 612. Impeller blade; 681. Support block; 682. First bearing plate; 683. First rack; 684. Second bearing plate; 685. Intermediate rod; 686. Third bearing plate; 687. Second... 91. Rack; 92. Support ring; 93. Guide vane assembly; 94. Drainage assembly; 95. Annular gear disc; 96. Second gear; 97. Gear groove; 98. Gear block; 921. Second sealing block; 922. Second rotating shaft; 923. Third gear; 924. Guide vane plate; 925. Flow channel; 926. Crushing assembly; 9261. Crushing plate; 9262. Serrated edge; 9263. Hollow groove; 9264. Guide groove; 9265. Moving block; 9266. Inward push block; 9267. Flow channel; 931. First side plate; 932. Rotating short block; 933. Guide plate; 934. Guide channel; 935. Second side plate; 936. Lead wire; 937. Water flow guide ball. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the further embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] Most existing axial flow pumps use a fixed single impeller structure with guide vanes. The pressurization capacity of a single-stage blade is limited, requiring increased equipment size for high-lift conveying, resulting in poor practicality. Furthermore, traditional single-blade pumps are mostly fixed structures, unable to flexibly adjust their angle according to changes in medium flow rate and pressure, leading to poor adaptability. Therefore, an axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure is designed, including: a support base plate 1, a first motor 2 and a pump body 5 mounted on top of the support base plate 1. The pump body 5 has an inlet end 7 and an outlet end 8 at both ends. The output end of the first motor 2 is fixedly connected to a main shaft 11. The first motor 2 and the pump body 5 are connected via a sealed connecting shell 4. One end of the sealed connecting shell 4 is fixedly connected to a coupling cover 3. Support arms 10 are fixedly connected to both sides of the pump body 5. The pump body 5 also includes: The impeller unit 6 is connected to the end of the main shaft 11 away from the first motor 2, and the guide vane unit 9 is disposed inside the pump body 5 and is adapted to cooperate with the impeller unit 6; When the first motor 2 is powered on, it drives the impeller unit 6 inside the pump body 5 to rotate as a whole through the main shaft 11. The medium to be transported is drawn into the pump body 5 from the inlet end 7. The rotation of the impeller unit 6 does work on the medium, giving it kinetic energy and causing it to flow axially. Then the medium enters the guide vane unit 9 located at the outlet end 8 of the pump body 5. The guide vane unit 9 and the impeller unit 6 work together to rectify and stabilize the medium, converting the rotational kinetic energy of the medium into pressure energy. Finally, the medium, after being pressurized and rectified, is smoothly discharged from the outlet end 8 of the pump body 5, completing the medium transport work.

[0032] Impeller unit 6 includes a hydraulic cylinder 61. An oil distributor 62 is mounted on the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder 61, and a piston 67 is mounted at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 61. The oil distributor 62 is fixedly connected to the stationary oil receiving ring on the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder 61 and remains stationary throughout its operation to receive external pressurized oil. The inner cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 61 and the piston 67 constitute a rotating component. The rear base of the hydraulic cylinder 61 is rigidly fixed to the end of the main shaft 11. The entire rotating component rotates synchronously with the main shaft 11. The oil distributor 62 is the core component adapting to the "stationary fixed end and rotating end linked with the main shaft 11" structure of the hydraulic cylinder 61. Its core function is to achieve a sealed connection between the stationary and rotating oil circuits, ensuring leak-free transmission of pressurized oil, while simultaneously ensuring that the hydraulic cylinder 61 receives oil while stationary and that the synchronous rotation of the rotating components does not interfere with each other. Device 62 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. A first support column 63 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the oil cylinder 61. A first impeller carrier 64 and a second impeller carrier 65 are sequentially arranged at the end of the first support column 63 away from the oil cylinder 61. A bearing seal integrated seat 69 is provided through the outer surface of the first impeller carrier 64 and the second impeller carrier 65. A first rotating shaft 610 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bearing seal integrated seat 69. A first gear 611 is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating shaft 610. An impeller blade 612 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first rotating shaft 610. A guide cone 66 is fixedly connected to the water-facing surface of the second impeller carrier 65. An internal adjustment unit 68 is provided on the outer surface of the piston 67. The two sets of impeller blades 612 correspond to each other, are tilted in the same direction, and are hydraulically adapted. The inlet angle of the impeller blades 612 on the second impeller carrier 65 is pre-twisted to precisely match the angle of the swirling water flow discharged from the first impeller carrier 64, thereby realizing the recovery of swirling energy and coordinated pressurization.

[0033] After the first motor 2 is powered on and started, it drives the impeller unit 6 to rotate as a whole through the main shaft 11. The rotating parts of the oil cylinder 61 connected to the main shaft 11, the first support column 63, the first impeller carrier 64, the second impeller carrier 65, and the two sets of impeller blades 612 rotate synchronously at high speed with the main shaft 11. The fixed end of the oil cylinder 61 and the outer oil distributor 62 remain stationary and continuously transmit pressure oil.

[0034] When the two sets of impeller blades 612 rotate, they generate an adsorption force and adsorb the transport medium. Traditional axial flow pumps only use a single impeller in conjunction with guide vanes. However, the operation of a single impeller has obvious drawbacks. After it performs work, it easily causes strong swirling of the medium. Swirling causes kinetic energy loss and increased pressure pulsation, resulting in a decrease in pump efficiency. Moreover, the pressurization capacity of a single-stage impeller is limited, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high head and high flow rate. At the same time, impurities in the medium easily cause concentrated erosion and wear on the blades of a single impeller, affecting the impeller's service life. According to experimental research on counter-rotating axial flow pumps by the Furukawa team at Kyushu University in Japan, it has been clearly confirmed that when two-stage impellers recover the kinetic energy of the preceding stage swirling flow through blade shape adaptation, the circumferential swirling flow at the outlet of the preceding impeller can be efficiently recovered by the following impeller. This utilizes the swirling energy and also... Rotational energy is converted into pressure energy. Compared with the traditional "single impeller + guide vane" structure, the head is increased by about 70% and the overall efficiency is increased by 7% at the same speed and impeller diameter. The outlet flow field is more uniform and the pressure pulsation is significantly reduced. The present invention adopts a dual impeller design, with two sets of impeller blades 612 corresponding to each other, tilting in the same direction and hydraulically adapted. The second-stage impeller blade 612 accurately receives the swirling flow generated by the work done by the first-stage impeller blade 612 through the inlet pre-twist structure, recovers the rotational kinetic energy of the swirling flow and converts it into pressure energy, effectively reducing inter-stage kinetic energy loss and improving hydraulic efficiency. At the same time, the dual impellers can achieve synergistic two-stage pressurization, which can significantly increase the head and flow rate at the same speed and impeller diameter. It can also expand the high-efficiency working range of the pump body 5 by synchronously adjusting the angle of the two sets of impellers, and adapt to more working conditions.

[0035] Both this invention and the counter-rotating pump follow the hydraulic principle of swirling kinetic energy recovery. The difference is that the counter-rotating pump relies on two stages of impellers rotating in opposite directions to achieve de-swirl and pressurization, while this invention adopts a structure with a single motor rotating in the same direction, blades tilting in the same direction, and a pre-torsion adaptation at the rear inlet. It can also efficiently recover the swirling kinetic energy of the front stage, and the overall transmission structure is simpler, with fewer sealing points, and is more suitable for the integrated design of built-in hydraulic cylinder angle adjustment.

[0036] The base of the hydraulic cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft 11 away from the first motor 2, the base of the first motor 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate 1, and the bottom of the support arm 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate 1.

[0037] Impeller blade 612 is located outside the first impeller carrier 64 and the second impeller carrier 65, and the first gear 611 is located inside the first impeller carrier 64 and the second impeller carrier 65.

[0038] The internal adjustment unit 68 includes a support block 681. A first bearing plate 682 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support block 681. A first rack 683 is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the first bearing plate 682. A second bearing plate 684 is fixedly connected to the end of the first rack 683 away from the first bearing plate 682. A middle rod 685 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second bearing plate 684. A third bearing plate 686 is fixedly connected to the end of the middle rod 685 away from the second bearing plate 684. A second rack 687 is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the third bearing plate 686.

[0039] In terms of structure, the first rack 683 is fixedly connected to the first bearing plate 682 and the second bearing plate 684 at both ends, forming a beam structure with rigid support at both ends. This can effectively offset the radial component force of gear meshing and prevent the rack from bending and deforming. The second rack 687 is connected to the second bearing plate 684 through the third bearing plate 686 and multiple circumferentially distributed intermediate rods 685, forming an integral rigid frame. The axial force of the two racks is symmetrically distributed and uniformly transmitted, without eccentric load or stress concentration, and can fully withstand the hydraulic moment load under all working conditions.

[0040] Most existing axial flow pumps use fixed impellers. Compared to fixed impellers, the core advantage of adjustable impellers is their ability to flexibly adapt to different working conditions. By precisely adjusting the blade angle, the working state can be flexibly adjusted according to changes in medium flow rate, pressure, and impurity content. When the impeller blade angle 612 needs to be adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 61 drives the piston 67 to move axially. The internal adjustment unit 68 connected to the piston 67 moves synchronously, and the support block 681 moves axially with the piston, causing the first bearing plate 682 and the second bearing plate 684 fixed on the support block 681 to move synchronously. Due to the first rack 6... The first gear 611 of the first impeller carrier 64 is engaged with the second gear 687 of the second impeller carrier 65. When the inner adjustment unit 68 moves as a whole, the first gear 683 will drive the first gear 611 of the first impeller carrier 64 to rotate, thereby driving the impeller blades 612 on the first impeller carrier 64 to deflect and adjust their angle. At the same time, the second gear 687 will drive the first gear 611 of the second impeller carrier 65 to rotate, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the subsequent impeller blades 612, adapting to the medium conveying requirements under different working conditions, and realizing the core purpose of swirling energy recovery, pressurization and efficiency enhancement.

[0041] The outer surface of the support block 681 is connected to the piston 67. The first rack 683 meshes with the first gear 611 in the first impeller carrier 64, and the second rack 687 meshes with the first gear 611 in the second impeller carrier 65.

[0042] The guide vane unit 9 includes a support ring 91. Guide vane assemblies 92 are evenly arranged on the inner circumference of the support ring 91. The circumferentially adjacent guide vane assemblies 92 form a fit. The guide vane unit 9 is fixedly installed on the outlet end 8 of the pump body 5. The support ring 91 serves as the installation base. The guide vane assemblies 92 evenly arranged on the inner circumference cooperate with each other to complete the rectification and pressurization of the medium. A flow guiding assembly 93 is provided on the upper guide vane assembly 92. Each guide vane assembly 92 meshes with an annular toothed disk 94. The upper and lower sides of the annular toothed disk 94 are provided with tooth grooves 97. The outer surface of the annular toothed disk 94 is provided with tooth blocks 98. The guide vane unit 9 also includes a second motor 95, and the output end of the second motor 95 is fixedly connected to a second gear 96.

[0043] The support ring 91 is located at the liquid outlet 8, and the base of the second motor 95 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pump body 5. The tooth block 98 meshes with the second gear 96.

[0044] During operation, the second motor 95 starts, and its output drives the second gear 96 to rotate. Since the second gear 96 meshes with the tooth block 98 on the outer surface of the annular gear disk 94, the rotation of the second gear 96 will drive the annular gear disk 94 to rotate synchronously. Since each guide vane assembly 92 meshes with the annular gear disk 94, when the annular gear disk 94 rotates, it drives all guide vane assemblies 92 to move in tandem through the tooth grooves 97 on its upper and lower sides, realizing the synchronous angle adjustment of each guide vane assembly 92, ensuring the overall working consistency of the guide vane unit 9. The flow guiding assembly 93 on the upper guide vane assembly 92 adapts to the flow of the medium, further optimizing the flow field and stabilizing the medium flow rate.

[0045] The guide vane assembly 92 includes a second sealing block 921. A second rotating shaft 922 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second sealing block 921. A third gear 923 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 922, and a guide vane plate 924 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft 922. The guide vane plate 924 is provided with a flow channel 925. The flow channel 925 has a constriction structure with a large inlet and a small outlet to further increase the flow velocity. A crushing component 926 is provided at the large port of the flow channel 925.

[0046] The crushing assembly 926 includes a crushing plate 9261, the bottom of the crushing plate 9261 is provided with serrated edges 9262, a hollow groove 9263 is provided inside the crushing plate 9261, guide grooves 9264 are provided on both sides of the hollow groove 9263, a moving block 9265 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 9264, an inner push block 9266 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving block 9265, and a water channel 9267 is provided on the outer surface of the inner push block 9266. The second sealing block 921 is disposed through the outer surface of the support ring 91, the outer surface of the crushing plate 9261 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow channel 925, the guide vane plate 924 is located on the outside of the support ring 91, and the third gear 923 is located inside the support ring 91.

[0047] It is important to note that even after the dual impeller blades 612 provide two-stage pressurization, long, narrow vortices, tip leakage vortices, and collision vortices will still remain in the medium. Ordinary guide vanes can only push these vortices backward and cannot break up the vortex. However, in this design, when the medium enters the guide vane plate 924, the serrated edges 9262 of the crushing component 926 cut and disperse the rotational kinetic energy in the vortex, gradually decomposing the originally concentrated vortex energy and preventing the vortex from accumulating in the flow channel, thus reducing kinetic energy loss. However, due to the presence of tiny impurities in the medium, these impurities will adhere to and clog the serrated edges 9262 after long-term operation. In the hollow groove 9263, the eddy current crushing effect is affected. At this time, the second motor 95 drives the second gear 96 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 96 will drive the ring gear disk 94 to rotate synchronously, and finally drive the second rotating shaft 922 and the guide vane plate 924 to rotate half a turn. The thrust generated by the medium flow will push the inner push block 9266 in the crushing component 926 to slide along the guide groove 9264, thereby squeezing out and cleaning the tiny impurities adhering to the sawtooth edge 9262 and the hollow groove 9263, ensuring that the crushing component 926 always maintains a good eddy current crushing effect and ensuring the stable operation of the guide vane unit 9.

[0048] After cleaning, the second motor 95 reverses and drives the guide vane 924 to rotate half a turn to reset to the normal working position. The flow direction of the medium through the guide vane 924 is reversed. The reverse flow of the medium generates a reverse thrust, which pushes the inner push block 9266 to slide along the guide groove 9264. The inner push block 9266 is pushed back to the initial position by the bidirectional fluid force of the medium to complete the reset.

[0049] The flow guiding assembly 93 includes a first side plate 931 symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide vane plate 924. A rotating short block 932 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the first side plate 931. A flow guide plate 933 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating short block 932. A flow guide groove 934 is provided on the flow guide plate 933. A second side plate 935 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the flow guide plate 933. A lead wire 936 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second side plate 935. A water flow guide ball 937 is fixedly connected to the end of the lead wire 936 away from the first side plate 931. The bottom of the first side plate 931 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide vane plate 924. The density of the water flow guide ball 937 is adapted to the conveying medium. For example, if the conveying medium is water, the density of the water flow guide ball 937 is designed to be the same as the density of water.

[0050] The density of the water flow guide ball 937 in the flow diversion assembly 93 is adapted to the conveying medium, and its attitude can be adjusted synchronously with the flow of the medium. Together with the guide plate 933 and the guide groove 934, it further sorts out the flow field. At the same time, the structure of the flow diversion assembly 93, such as the guide plate 933 and the rotating short block 932, can be flexibly adapted to the angle adjustment of the guide vane plate 924. Even if the guide vane assembly 92 adjusts its angle synchronously with the annular toothed disk 94, the flow diversion assembly 93 can always adaptively adjust its attitude along the straight propagation direction of the medium and will not deviate from the medium transmission direction due to the change of the angle of the guide vane assembly 92.

[0051] It should be noted that when the guide vane assembly 92 rotates half a turn, the flow guiding assembly 93 will also rotate accordingly. At this time, the transmission medium first passes through the flow guiding plate 933 and then through the guide vane plate 924. When rotating half a turn, the guide vane assembly 92, the flow guiding assembly 93, and the crushing assembly 926 do not produce any working effect. They are only used to remove tiny impurities in the serrated edges 9262 and the hollow groove 9263 for a very short time, after which they will reset.

[0052] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When working, the first motor 2 is powered on and runs, driving the impeller unit 6 to rotate as a whole through the main shaft 11. The medium to be transported is sucked in from the inlet end 7 of the pump body 5. The rotating parts of the oil cylinder 61, the first support column 63, the first and second impeller carriers 65 and the impeller blades 612 connected to the main shaft 11 in the impeller unit 6 rotate synchronously with the main shaft 11. The oil cylinder 61 continuously supplies pressurized oil. When the two sets of impeller blades 612 that are tilted in the same direction and hydraulically adapted rotate, they generate an adsorption force to adsorb the medium. The swirling medium generated by the work of the front impeller blades 612 is accurately received by the inlet pre-twist structure of the rear impeller blades 612, realizing the recovery of swirling energy and coordinated two-stage pressurization, solving the problems of insufficient pressurization capacity of traditional single impellers and large interstage swirling loss. When different operating conditions need to be adapted, the hydraulic cylinder 61 drives the piston 67 to move axially, which in turn drives the internal adjustment unit 68 to adjust the angle of the two sets of impeller blades 612 synchronously through the meshing transmission of rack and pinion, so as to achieve flexible adaptation of flow rate and head. The medium pressurized by the impeller unit 6 flows into the guide vane unit 9 at the outlet end 8 of the pump body 5. After the second motor 95 starts, it drives the second gear 96 to rotate. Through the meshing with the tooth block 98 of the annular gear disk 94, it drives the annular gear disk 94 to rotate, which in turn drives all the guide vane assemblies 92 to adjust their angles in a synchronous manner. The crushing component 926 in the pump body uses serrated edges 9262 to cut and disperse the long strip vortices, tip leakage vortices, and collision vortices remaining in the medium, avoiding the drawbacks of ordinary guide vanes that only push vortices, and reducing kinetic energy loss. The flow guiding component 93 can always adaptively adjust along the straight propagation direction of the medium, unaffected by the angle adjustment and half-turn rotation of the guide vane component 92, continuously sorting the flow field. Finally, the medium, after being further stabilized and diffused by the flow guiding component 93, is smoothly discharged from the outlet end 8 of the pump body 5, completing the entire medium transportation work and achieving efficient, stable, and low-loss operation of the pump body 5.

[0053] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "fixed connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a bolted connection, a welded connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure, comprising: The system comprises a supporting base plate and a first motor and a pump body mounted on top of the supporting base plate. The pump body has an inlet and an outlet end respectively. A main shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. Support arms are fixedly connected to both sides of the pump body. The system is characterized by further comprising: An impeller unit connected to the end of the main shaft away from the first motor, and a guide vane unit installed inside the pump body and adapted to the impeller unit. The impeller unit includes a hydraulic cylinder. An oil distributor is provided on the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder. A piston is provided at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. The oil distributor is fixedly connected to a stationary oil receiving ring on the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder and remains stationary throughout its operation to receive external pressure oil. The inner cylinder body and piston constitute a rotating component. The rear end base of the hydraulic cylinder is rigidly fixed to the end of the main shaft. The entire rotating component rotates synchronously with the main shaft. A first support column is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder. A first impeller carrier and a second impeller carrier are sequentially provided at the end of the first support column away from the hydraulic cylinder. A bearing seal integrated seat is provided through the outer surfaces of the first impeller carrier and the second impeller carrier. A first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bearing seal integrated seat. A first gear is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating shaft. An impeller blade is fixedly connected to the other end of the first rotating shaft. A guide cone is fixedly connected to the water-facing surface of the second impeller carrier. An internal adjustment unit is provided on the outer surface of the piston. The two sets of impeller blades correspond to each other, are tilted in the same direction, and are hydraulically adapted. The impeller blades on the second impeller carrier adopt an inlet pre-twist design, and their inlet angle is precisely matched with the angle of the swirling water flow discharged by the impeller blades on the first impeller carrier, so as to realize the swirling energy recovery and coordinated two-stage pressurization.

2. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft away from the first motor, the base of the first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate, and the bottom of the support arm is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate.

3. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller blades are located on the outside of the first impeller carrier and the second impeller carrier, and the first gear is located on the inside of the first impeller carrier and the second impeller carrier.

4. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal adjustment unit includes a support block, a first bearing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support block, a first rack is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the first bearing plate, a second bearing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first rack away from the first bearing plate, an intermediate rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second bearing plate, a third bearing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the intermediate rod away from the second bearing plate, and a second rack is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the third bearing plate.

5. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the support block is connected to the piston, the first rack meshes with the first gear in the first impeller carrier, and the second rack meshes with the first gear in the second impeller carrier.

6. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vane unit includes a support ring, and guide vane assemblies are evenly arranged on the inner circumference of the support ring. The guide vane assemblies that are circumferentially adjacent form a fit. A flow-guiding assembly is provided on the upper guide vane assembly. All guide vane assemblies mesh with an annular toothed disc. The annular toothed disc has tooth grooves on both the upper and lower sides, and tooth blocks are provided on the outer surface of the annular toothed disc. The guide vane unit also includes a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second gear.

7. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support ring is located at the liquid outlet end, and the base of the second motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pump body; The tooth block meshes with the second gear.

8. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide vane assembly includes a second sealing block, and a second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second sealing block. A third gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft, and a guide vane plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft. The guide vane plate is provided with a flow channel, which has a constriction structure with a large inlet and a small outlet to further increase the flow velocity. A crushing component is provided at the large port of the flow channel.

9. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crushing component includes a crushing plate with serrated edges at the bottom. A hollow groove is provided inside the crushing plate, and guide grooves are provided on both sides of the hollow groove. A moving block is slidably connected inside the guide groove, and an inner push block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving block. A water flow groove is provided on the outer surface of the inner push block. The second sealing block is disposed through the outer surface of the support ring, the outer surface of the crushing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow channel, the guide vane is located outside the support ring, and the third gear is located inside the support ring.

10. An axial flow pump with an adjustable impeller and guide vane synergistic enhancement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly includes a first side plate symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide vane plate. A rotating short block is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the first side plate. A flow guiding plate is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating short block. A flow guiding groove is provided on the flow guiding plate. A second side plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide plate. A lead wire is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second side plate. A water flow guiding ball is fixedly connected to the end of the lead wire away from the first side plate. The bottom of the first side plate is fixedly connected to the top of the guide vane plate, and the density of the water flow guide ball is adapted to the conveying medium.

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