A gas spring-based piston-cylinder gas distribution speed regulation mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of piston cylinder gas distribution speed regulation mechanisms based on gas spring, belong to gas power piston cylinder control technical field, to solve the problem of existing electric control gas distribution speed regulation exists explosion-proof hidden danger, electrical component is prone to failure, traditional external mechanical gas distribution speed regulation structure is complex, regulation lag.The mechanism relies on the fixed baffle on piston rod at reciprocating motion stop point impact arrangement between two cylinders stationary working substance spring generates gas distribution power, impact energy storage spring realizes reverse rebound and kinetic energy recovery.Inlet side working substance spring is collected by combined peak regulation valve Impact peak pressure, to realize steady speed limit speed with passive negative feedback drive command type inlet pressure regulating valve.The whole machine is without sensor, solenoid valve and other electrical components, impact end is provided with non-metallic force transmission structure, adapts high-temperature dust, flammable and explosive, no external power supply working condition, can be used for piston engine, waste heat refrigeration, gas supercharging, pneumatic cylinder and other equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas-powered reciprocating piston cylinder control technology and is applicable to various devices that rely on gas medium to drive the reciprocating motion of pistons, including piston gas engines, piston waste heat refrigeration devices, asymmetric cylinder thermal energy upgrading devices, asymmetric gas boosting devices, industrial pneumatic reciprocating actuator cylinders, process steam / residual pressure expansion power cylinders, etc. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main approaches to the gas distribution and speed control of gas-driven piston cylinders, both of which have significant drawbacks: Electronically controlled gas distribution speed regulation scheme The industry commonly uses position sensors, solenoid directional valves, and electronic controllers to control the timing of intake and exhaust, with electronic pressure regulating modules used for speed adjustment. This entire system is highly dependent on power supply and electrical components. In dusty, high-temperature, humid, explosion-proof, or unpowered environments, sensors and solenoid valves are prone to failure. In closed-loop scenarios involving natural gas or organic working fluids, there is a risk of explosion due to electrical sparks. Furthermore, there is a millisecond-level response delay in electronic signal acquisition and valve opening / closing, leading to phase misalignment between piston stop and air distribution, resulting in premature exhaust, delayed intake, decreased cylinder pressure differential, and insufficient piston thrust. In addition, the lack of overspeed protection in case of electrical speed control failure poses a runaway safety hazard.

[0003] In addition, this type of electronically controlled gas distribution mechanism has no energy storage and release function. In particular, it cannot use mechanical principles to recover and utilize the kinetic energy of the piston dead center for rebound and acceleration. It can only rely on the gas pressure difference to decelerate and accelerate the piston dead center. This not only consumes more gas energy, but also results in a slow response speed, low average piston speed, low cylinder volumetric efficiency, and low overall energy efficiency.

[0004] Traditional external mechanical speed control valve distribution solution Existing purely mechanical control structures mostly employ external centrifugal hammers, long connecting rods, and self-operated pressure regulating valves for speed regulation, relying on external displacement mechanisms to switch gas distribution. This type of structure has a long transmission chain, large mechanical clearances, and significant lag in gas distribution and speed regulation; it can only sense the steady-state fluid pressure in the pipeline and cannot directly capture the instantaneous peak pressure generated by piston impact, thus failing to accurately represent the instantaneous reciprocating speed of the piston. It is prone to overspeeding under conditions of sudden load unloading and stable gas supply, and overspeed protection has blind spots. Furthermore, the structure has numerous components, and external pipelines and transmission rods are prone to dust accumulation and blockage. It has a short service life under high-temperature, impurity-containing process media conditions, and its processing, assembly, and maintenance costs are high.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies suffer from problems such as explosion-proof defects and delayed operation of electrical solutions, complex traditional external mechanical structures, inability to match the actual instantaneous impact speed of the piston, lagging speed control response, and low overall energy efficiency. There is an urgent need for an integrated gas distribution and speed control mechanism that is structurally simple, self-driven without electricity, fully mechanized, and highly energy efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Purpose of the invention To address the problems of electrical failure and explosion hazards in existing electronically controlled gas distribution systems, as well as the large number of parts, moving parts, and seals in traditional external mechanical gas distribution speed regulation structures, resulting in high frictional losses, lag in regulation, and low energy efficiency, a piston-cylinder gas distribution speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring is proposed.

[0007] A gas spring system is used as the gas distribution mechanism: consisting of four working fluid springs, arranged in two groups of two. These springs are positioned near the piston rod's two dead ends. The working fluid springs are filled with circulating working fluid gas and are all fixed to rigid, stationary supports. Each spring valve rod has a built-in non-metallic force transmission column. During operation, the piston rod and a baffle fixed to it reciprocate between the two dead ends. The two sides of the baffle alternately strike the stationary working fluid spring valve rods at the two dead ends. The valve rods push the pistons of the gas springs, compressing the gas and periodically generating high-pressure gas in the working fluid spring accumulators on both sides. This high-pressure gas, through the gas distribution pipeline, drives the corresponding intake and exhaust valves to alternately operate, changing the valve passages and controlling the intake and exhaust sequence of the piston cylinder. The intake and exhaust actions are completed alternately on both sides of the piston. A gas spring system is used as the energy conversion mechanism: it consists of two sets of energy storage springs, located near the dead centers on both sides of the piston rod, with each set containing at least one energy storage spring. The energy storage springs are filled with high-pressure inert gas. Momentum conversion occurs when the fixed baffles on the piston rod alternately collide with the energy storage spring valve rods at the dead centers, aiding the piston's rapid rebound. This ensures that the piston's speed does not decrease during reversal, resulting in low energy loss. The energy storage springs require no external gas source and operate independently in a closed system.

[0008] Each gas spring at the same dead point impacts a different position on the fixed baffle. A gas spring at the other dead point impacts the other end of the fixed baffle. As the fixed baffle reciprocates with the piston rod, it periodically alternates between the two dead points, periodically and alternately impacting the gas springs at both dead points.

[0009] A set of combined peak pressure regulating valves and a command type intake pressure regulating valve are arranged as a speed regulating mechanism: two integrated combined peak regulating valves are used to collect the sharp peak instantaneous pressure generated by the impact of the two working medium springs on the intake side respectively, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the command type intake pressure regulating valve, the sharp peak instantaneous pressure and the intake pressure form a dynamic balance on both sides of the diaphragm, and the intake valve opening and the intake pressure are automatically adjusted by negative feedback: the peak pressure decreases, the valve opening increases, the intake pressure rises, and the piston movement speed increases; the peak pressure rises, the valve opening becomes smaller, the intake pressure drops, and the piston movement speed slows down. Through the negative feedback mechanism, the piston speed is constrained in the safe range, achieving the purpose of speed regulation and stabilization. There are no sensors, solenoids and other electrical elements, the speed regulation response is sensitive and has no lag, it is suitable for harsh working conditions such as explosion-proof, high temperature, dust and field without power supply, the number of parts is small, and the processing, assembly and operation and maintenance costs are greatly reduced.

[0010] The gas spring is integrally installed on a rigid stationary support, the rigid support is rigidly connected with the equipment base, and the whole gas spring shell and gas circuit are kept stationary; the rigid support and the base belong to the conventional supporting structure and the auxiliary facilities of the device, and do not belong to the core invention content, which are omitted in the drawings, and the support structure is not described in the specification, and the support mode can be designed and selected by the person skilled in the art.

[0011] (II) Complete technical solution The following three working principles are used to completely explain the dynamic operation process of the mechanism.

[0012] A piston cylinder gas distribution speed regulating mechanism based on a gas spring, comprising a power cylinder (1), a driven cylinder (2), a through piston rod, a fixed baffle, a working medium spring group, an energy storage spring group, a combined peak pressure regulating valve, an intake sliding block valve, an exhaust sliding block valve, and a command type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101); The power cylinder (1) and the driven cylinder (2) are coaxially arranged opposite to each other, and share a piston rod or are coaxially fixed with two piston rods, and the midpoint of the piston rod is fixed with the fixed baffle; the working medium spring adopts a metal valve rod structure, a solid non-metallic force transmission column is assembled in the valve rod, and the non-metallic force transmission column extends out of the valve rod end surface and directly contacts with the fixed baffle; the non-metallic force transmission column includes but is not limited to carbon graphite compounded PEEK, carbon fiber composite material, toughened silicon carbide and the like, and has small pressure deformation and low impact kinetic energy loss.

[0013] The working medium spring group comprises springs 3, 4, 5, and 6, which are filled with system working gas; the static basic pressure of springs 3 and 6 is consistent with the working pressure of the intake main pipe, and the static basic pressure of springs 4 and 5 is the exhaust back pressure, which is lower than the intake pressure; the energy storage spring group comprises two groups of energy storage springs, each of which comprises at least one energy storage spring, and is filled with high-pressure inert gas; one group of working medium springs and one group of energy storage springs correspond to the one-side dead point position of the piston, and the other group of working medium springs and the other group of energy storage springs correspond to the other-side dead point position of the piston. The working medium spring group and the energy storage spring group are independent in gas path and completely isolated in function, and contact different positions of the fixed baffle.

[0014] The power cylinder is arranged with an intake slide valve (P1) on one side and an exhaust slide valve (P2) on the other side; the intake slide valve is provided with pressure control ports m and n, a left intake passage y-e, and a right intake passage w-f, the left intake passage is connected to an intake port a of the power cylinder, and the right intake passage is connected to an intake port b of the power cylinder; the exhaust slide valve (P2) is provided with pressure control ports j and k, a left exhaust passage g-q, and a right exhaust passage h-x, the left exhaust passage is connected to an exhaust port c of the power cylinder, the right exhaust passage is connected to an exhaust port d of the power cylinder, and the total outlet of the exhaust slide valve is connected to a total exhaust outlet of the equipment; the left and right directions only represent the directions shown in the drawing and do not represent actual directions.

[0015] A command-type intake pressure regulating valve PCV101 is installed on the intake main pipe; a pressure output pipeline of each of the two working medium springs 3 and 6 on the intake side is respectively led out as an independent branch: through a very short hard pipe, the independent branch is respectively connected to an independent combined peak value regulating valve PHV103 and PHV106; The valve body of the combined peak value regulating valve is integrated with a micro built-in pressure accumulation cavity and two groups of reversely arranged spring one-way valves: One group is a forward latching one-way valve, which is configured with a high-pressure pre-tightening spring, the spring force of which is directed to the external pipeline, and the valve is opened only when the instantaneous peak pressure of the external pipeline exceeds the preset high-pressure threshold value, so as to fill the peak high-pressure medium into the micro pressure accumulation cavity for latching; after the pipeline pressure falls below the threshold value, the forward valve is automatically closed to maintain pressure and block the return flow of the medium in the pressure accumulation cavity; The other group is a reverse pressure relief one-way valve, which is configured with a low-pressure pre-tightening spring, the spring of which is installed outside the pressure accumulation cavity and the spring force of which is directed to the pressure accumulation cavity; when the pressure difference between the latching pressure of the pressure accumulation cavity and the external pipeline exceeds the pre-tightening force of the low-pressure spring, the reverse pressure relief valve is automatically opened, the medium in the pressure accumulation cavity is discharged to the external low-pressure pipeline, and the valve is closed until the pressure balance is re-achieved and the pressure relief is completed, so as to reset for the next peak impact collection; The output ends of the two combined peak regulating valves PHV103 and PHV106 are connected to a common feedback header through short pipelines, and the header is directly connected to the command diaphragm chamber of the intake pressure control valve PCV101; the feedback loop has a small volume, and the instantaneous peak pressure waveform generated by the piston impact is completely retained without flattening the peak value and delaying the regulation. The intake pressure control valve PCV101 is a large diaphragm short-stroke command self-regulating structure, and the command diaphragm consumes only a small amount of medium for single regulation, and can drive the valve core throttling by relying on the pulse high-pressure medium stored in the micro accumulator cavity of the combined peak regulating valve.

[0016] Rigid synchronous gas distribution working principle (the orientation described only represents the figure shown, not the actual orientation) When the piston moves to the left side dead center, the fixed baffle on the piston rod synchronously extrudes the same side springs 3 and 4 through the non-metallic force transmission column, the internal working gas is instantaneously pressurized, and the high-pressure fluid is respectively introduced into the intake slider valve control port m and the exhaust slider valve control k, and the left and right intake and exhaust passages of the cylinder are synchronously switched; after the piston impacts the springs 5 and 6 in the reverse direction, the two-way slider valve is synchronously reset, and the single complete reciprocating gas distribution switching is completed. The piston relies on the impact of the static gas spring throughout the process to generate control pressure, there is no transmission gap and no action delay, the slider valve has no air gap, and the cylinder pressure difference is stable.

[0017] Inertial energy storage rebound working principle During the movement of the piston to the dead center, the energy storage spring is extruded to compress the high-pressure inert gas to store inertial energy; at the moment when the piston passes the dead center, the high-pressure inert gas releases the elastic force to actively boost the piston rod, reduces the gas loss during switching, and buffers the equipment vibration; all energy storage springs are rigidly fixed, and the impact working condition is stable.

[0018] Passive bidirectional speed regulation principle of the combined peak regulating valve The greater the piston impact impulse, the higher the instantaneous peak pressure output by the working spring; the two peak valves independently collect pressure to the PCV101 diaphragm chamber, forming a passive negative feedback: the peak pressure is high, the intake flow is small, the pressure is low, the intake is automatically opened, the piston output is increased, the load and gas source fluctuation are adapted, and there is no electrical element throughout the process, the speed regulation accuracy is stable.

[0019] (Three) beneficial effects The structure is extremely simple, and the overall processing and operation and maintenance cost is greatly reduced The whole machine adopts a gas piston mechanism and a static pipeline pressure guide, and has no rotating motion pair and rotating shaft, no shaft seal bearing, and few moving parts. The energy storage spring can be repeatedly inflated, and has a long service life. The working spring gas source is self-sufficient, and no external gas supply is required.

[0020] The gas spring is rigidly and statically arranged, and the impact pressure output is stable The working medium spring and the energy storage spring are all fixed on the rigid support, and there is no displacement shaking in the whole process. The spring will not deviate when the piston hits. The consistency of the peak pressure generated by each impact is high. The gas distribution switching and speed regulation feedback working condition is stable.

[0021] The double-spring function is decoupled, and the compression amount can be freely adjusted The working medium spring is filled with working medium, and is responsible for rigid synchronous gas distribution at the stop point. The energy storage spring is filled with high-pressure inert gas, and is responsible for reversing kinetic energy recovery and boosting. The two springs are independent of each other, and the energy storage spring retains the elastic acceleration function completely, and will not weaken the rebound effect due to gas pressure relief. The piston actively increases speed over the stop point, effectively saving power gas.

[0022] The working medium spring and the energy storage spring are installed at different positions and can freely adjust the axial fixed position to flexibly design the compression amount of the spring. For the working medium spring, a certain amount of compressed gas is needed to boost the action of the inlet and exhaust slides, so the compression amount can be slightly larger. For the energy storage spring, the greater the rigidity, the greater the elasticity, and the stronger the rebound power, so the compression amount can be smaller. Therefore, the installation positions of the two in the axial direction can be slightly different. The definition of compression amount is the absolute distance between the stop point of the fixed baffle and the impact point of each gas spring.

[0023] Rigid synchronization of gas distribution timing, high fault tolerance The gas distribution control signal is generated directly by the piston hitting the stationary gas spring, and there is no phase deviation caused by long transmission gap, and there is no delay of the electric control signal. The slide valve is continuously ventilated without interruption, there is no air gap, the cylinder pressure difference is stable, the piston output thrust is uniform, and the equipment runs smoothly without shaking. Further, the working medium spring generates a pressure signal from the time it is pressed, and the pressure is maximum at the stop point. The time length of pressure growth and the along-the-way transmission time length of the pressure signal can be designed and matched through the pipeline length and the compression amount. Further, the power of the piston return is not dependent on the gas distribution response, but on the rebound force of the energy storage spring, and the error of the gas distribution does not affect the piston movement and work. The system fault tolerance is greater than that of other gas distribution mechanisms.

[0024] Integrated combination peak valve cancels mechanical linkage The integrated combination peak regulating valve with integrated bidirectional spring and unidirectional valve replaces the traditional single-function peak holding valve, cancels the reciprocating linkage of the piston rod, baffle, and pressure relief pin, completely avoids friction jamming, impact deformation, and installation misalignment failure; relies on the medium pressure difference to automatically complete peak latching and pressure relief reset after pressure drop. The pressure regulating valve automatically opens the inlet channel at low piston speed to realize continuous self-adaptive bidirectional stable speed.

[0025] High-sensitivity instantaneous speed regulation, no peak flattening, and no regulation lag The pressure feedback loop has only two acquisition branches and a small total volume. It relies on the valve body's built-in micro accumulator to store pulse pressure. Each branch uses an extremely short pressure-conducting pipeline for direct connection and convergence, completely preserving the original peak pressure waveform of the impact. The speed regulation response is instantaneous and without delay.

[0026] Pure passive mechanical architecture, adaptable to all harsh working conditions The entire unit has no electrical components such as sensors, solenoid valves, or electronic controllers; the working fluid spring has a built-in non-metallic force transmission column, which isolates it from direct metal impact and eliminates the risk of friction, static electricity and sparks; it can be adapted to explosion-proof scenarios such as high temperature, dust, humidity, no external power supply in the field, and flammable and explosive working fluids, and can directly replace various existing electronic control gas distribution and speed regulation assemblies.

[0027] Two-way pressure acquisition with full coverage and complete speed control logic. The two working fluid springs on the intake side are each equipped with an independent combined peak regulating valve, which collects the impact peak pressure of the piston at the left and right dead points to participate in the speed regulation feedback, fully covering the bidirectional reciprocating speed monitoring of the piston, and providing overspeed protection without blind spots.

[0028] Universally compatible with various types of gas power equipment It can be equipped with piston gas engines, piston cylinder waste heat refrigeration devices, asymmetric piston cylinder thermal energy upgrade devices, workshop pneumatic reciprocating cylinders, asymmetric piston booster devices, and steam residual pressure expansion and recovery equipment. It is compatible with both open and closed thermal cycle systems.

[0029] Reliable explosion-proof and impact-resistant structure The working fluid spring metal valve has a non-metallic force transmission column embedded in it to isolate direct metal impact; it can be made of carbon graphite composite PEEK material that will not soften or pulverize, and is rigid and wear-resistant; the spring can slightly yield to buffer the impact during impact, the fixed baffle wears very little and has a long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 shows the planar layout of the working fluid spring and air circuit; Figure 2 shows the elevation layout of the energy storage spring.

[0031] Figure 1 As shown in the accompanying drawings of this invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1 - Power cylinder, 2 - Driven cylinder 3, 4, 5, 6 - Working fluid springs, 7, 8, 9, 10 - Energy storage springs P1 - Intake slider valve, P2 - Exhaust slider valve; Gas line markings: m, n - Intake slider valve pressure control port; a, b - Power cylinder intake port; ye, wf - Intake valve intake passage; j, k - pressure control port of exhaust slider valve; c, d - exhaust port of power cylinder; gq, hx - exhaust passage of exhaust valve; Valves and sensing elements: PCV101 - Command-operated intake pressure regulating valve; PHV103, PHV106 - Combined peak control valve (built-in miniature accumulator chamber, two-way spring check valve); Note: Springs 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are all fixed to a rigid static support. The attached diagram of the rigid support is omitted. Detailed Implementation Power cylinder 1 and driven cylinder 2 are rigidly fixed coaxially, with the piston rod reciprocating linearly with the piston. A fixed baffle is rigidly fixed in the middle of the rod. Four working springs (3, 4, 5, and 6) form the first group, arranged horizontally with the piston rod. Two energy storage springs form the second group, arranged perpendicularly to the piston rod. Both groups of springs are mounted on the same rigid stationary support, which is rigidly connected to the equipment base. All springs remain stationary throughout the entire working process. The working spring metal valve stem is pre-installed with a non-metallic force transmission column. The two groups of springs are installed near the left and right dead ends of the piston rod fixed baffle, arranged in sections. One group of working springs and one group of energy storage springs are located near the left dead end of the fixed baffle; the other group of working springs and the other group of energy storage springs are located near the right dead end of the fixed baffle.

[0033] The system's working fluid is introduced through an external air inlet, flows through the intake pressure regulating valve PCV101, and is then delivered to the intake slider valve P1. The piston moves to the left to the left dead center, and the baffle simultaneously compresses the stationary springs 3 and 4 via the non-metallic force transmission column. The internal working fluid gas is rapidly pressurized by the impact. One high-pressure fluid flows into the intake slider valve control port m to complete the intake path switching, and the other flows into the exhaust slider valve control port k to complete the exhaust path switching. The left chamber of the power cylinder receives air, and the right chamber releases pressure and exhausts air. When the piston moves in the opposite direction to reach the other dead center, the baffle compresses the non-metallic force transmission column at the end of the spring. The high-pressure working fluid of spring 6 flows into the intake slider valve control port n, and the high-pressure working fluid of spring 5 flows into the exhaust slider valve control port j. The two slider valves reset synchronously, and the cylinder air path switches in reverse, completing one complete reciprocating stroke.

[0034] During the reciprocating motion of the piston, the baffle alternately compresses two rigidly fixed energy storage springs; during the piston deceleration phase, the inert gas stores inertial kinetic energy, and at the instant it crosses the dead center, the inert gas releases its elastic force to actively push the piston rod, increasing the piston's return speed and realizing energy storage and release without the need for additional power gas consumption, thus reducing kinetic energy loss; the springs do not shift or wobble, and the energy storage and rebound effect is stable and consistent.

[0035] The intake side working fluid springs 3 and 6 have additional peak acquisition short tubes that are directly connected to the combined peak control valves PHV103 and PHV106 to provide speed control signal output.

[0036] The output pipelines of the two combined peak control valves, PHV103 and PHV106, converge and are connected to the command diaphragm chamber of PCV101. If the piston reciprocating speed is too high, the impact peak pressure is large. PCV101 is pushed by the high pressure to close the air intake passage, reducing the net thrust of the cylinder and limiting the piston speed. If the piston speed is too low or the air source intake pressure is insufficient, the pressure in the command diaphragm chamber of PCV101 decreases synchronously, the valve opening increases, the intake pressure increases, the piston power increases, and the speed increases. The entire feedback loop has a very small capacitance, no attenuation of peak pressure, and sensitive speed regulation response; the whole machine has no electrical components, and the non-metallic impact structure eliminates the risk of electric sparks. All gas springs are uniformly fixed to rigid static supports, ensuring stable operation under impact conditions. With fewer parts and a low failure rate, it can operate stably for a long time in various harsh conditions such as waste heat recovery units, explosion-proof gas power equipment, and pneumatic cylinders in dust workshops.

Claims

1. A piston-cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring, characterized in that, Includes a power cylinder (1), a driven cylinder (2), a through piston rod, a fixed baffle, a working fluid spring assembly, an energy storage spring assembly, an intake slider valve (P1), an exhaust slider valve (P2), two combined peak regulating valves, and a command-type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101). The power cylinder (1) and the driven cylinder (2) are arranged coaxially opposite each other, and they share a through piston rod or two piston rods are rigidly connected coaxially; a fixed baffle is rigidly fixed in the middle of the piston rod, and the fixed baffle has two opposite contact working surfaces; Both the working fluid spring and the energy storage spring are gas springs; the working fluid spring is filled with working fluid gas, and the energy storage spring is filled with high-pressure inert gas; a solid non-metallic force transmission column is installed inside the metal valve stem of all gas springs, and the non-metallic force transmission column extends out of the valve stem end face and contacts the fixed baffle; the materials of the non-metallic force transmission column include, but are not limited to, carbon graphite composite PEEK, carbon fiber composite material, and toughened silicon carbide. The working fluid spring group comprises four working fluid springs, divided into two groups of two, with one group arranged at each of the two stops on both sides of the fixed baffle; the energy storage spring group is divided into two groups, with at least one energy storage spring in each group, and one group arranged at each of the two stops on both sides of the fixed baffle; all working fluid spring groups and energy storage spring groups are fixedly mounted on the same rigid static support, which is rigidly connected to the equipment base, and all gas springs remain stationary throughout the operation; the gas paths of the working fluid spring group and the energy storage spring group are independent and functionally isolated; the working fluid springs and energy storage springs at the same stop point on the same side correspond to different impact positions on the same contact working surface of the fixed baffle, and the gas springs at the stops on both sides correspond to two different contact working surfaces of the fixed baffle. The fixed baffle moves in a reciprocating linear motion with the piston rod, and the two contact working surfaces periodically and alternately strike the working fluid spring group and the energy storage spring group at the two dead points. The power cylinder is equipped with an intake slider valve (P1) and an exhaust slider valve (P2); after the working fluid spring is compressed by the impact of the baffle, it outputs a high-pressure medium, which drives the intake slider valve (P1) and the exhaust slider valve (P2) to slide and change direction respectively; Two working fluid springs connected to the air circuit of the intake slider valve (P1) are each equipped with a combined peak regulating valve on their independent air circuits; each combined peak regulating valve integrates a miniature accumulator chamber, a set of forward latching check valves, and a set of reverse pressure relief check valves; the forward latching check valves are equipped with high-pressure preload springs, and the reverse pressure relief check valves are equipped with low-pressure preload springs. The outputs of the two combined peak regulating valves converge to the common feedback manifold, which is short-range connected to the command diaphragm chamber of the command-type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101); the command-type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101) is a large diaphragm short-stroke self-regulating pressure structure.

2. The piston-cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intake slider valve (P1) is equipped with pressure control ports m and n, a left intake channel ye, and a right intake channel wf; the left intake channel ye is connected to the power cylinder intake port a, and the right intake channel wf is connected to the power cylinder intake port b; the exhaust slider valve (P2) is equipped with pressure control ports j and k, a left exhaust channel gq, and a right exhaust channel hx; the left exhaust channel gq is connected to the power cylinder exhaust port c, and the right exhaust channel hx is connected to the power cylinder exhaust port d; the total exhaust outlet of the exhaust slider valve (P2) is uniformly connected to the equipment's total exhaust outlet; the left and right in the text are only for the orientation of the attached diagram and do not limit the actual assembly orientation of the mechanism.

3. The piston cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the piston reaches the single-sided dead point, the fixed baffle synchronously squeezes the two working fluid springs on that side through the non-metallic force transmission column; one of the working fluid springs outputs a high-pressure medium into one pressure control port of the intake slider valve (P1), and the other working fluid spring outputs a high-pressure medium into one pressure control port of the exhaust slider valve (P2), synchronously driving the two slider valves to complete the single-sided gas path switching; when the piston reaches the other side dead point, the baffle squeezes the two working fluid springs on the other side, outputting a high-pressure medium into the other pressure control port of the intake slider valve (P1) and the other pressure control port of the exhaust slider valve (P2), respectively, driving the two slider valves to reset in the opposite direction, completing the complete gas distribution switching of a single piston reciprocating stroke.

4. The piston-cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage spring assembly is fixed only to a rigid support and is not connected to any gas distribution control pipeline. During the piston's movement toward the dead center, the energy storage spring is compressed, storing the piston's reversing inertial kinetic energy in the high-pressure inert gas inside the energy storage spring. At the moment the piston passes the dead center, the high-pressure inert gas inside the energy storage spring releases its elastic force to assist the piston rod in its return stroke.

5. The piston-cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the instantaneous peak pressure of the pipeline impact exceeds the preset high-pressure threshold of the forward latching check valve, the forward latching check valve opens, and the peak high-pressure medium is charged into the micro accumulator chamber for latching. After the pipeline pressure drops below the threshold, the forward latching check valve automatically closes to maintain pressure. When the pressure difference between the micro accumulator chamber and the external pipeline exceeds the preload of the low-pressure spring of the reverse pressure relief check valve, the reverse pressure relief check valve opens, and the medium in the accumulator chamber is depressurized to the external pipeline to reset, so as to collect the peak pressure of the next impact. The higher the peak pressure of the impact, the greater the feedback pressure of the command-type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101), and the smaller the intake flow area to limit the piston speed. After the pressure in the accumulator chamber is depressurized, the feedback pressure decreases, and the command-type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101) automatically opens to increase the intake flow area, realizing passive bidirectional speed stabilization and overspeed protection with high-speed flow restriction and low-speed air replenishment.

6. The piston cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Non-metallic force transmission columns isolate direct metal impact, eliminating the risk of frictional static electricity and sparks; the entire machine is free of electrical components such as sensors, solenoid valves, and electronic controllers, and all actions are passively driven by mechanical impact and gas medium pressure; the working fluid springs on both sides of the air intake independently collect the peak impact pressure, realizing bidirectional full-stroke speed monitoring of the piston with no overspeed protection blind spots; the mechanism is suitable for high temperature, dust, humidity, no external power supply, and flammable and explosive working fluid conditions, and can directly replace the existing electronically controlled gas distribution and speed regulation assembly.

7. The piston cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four working springs are springs 3, 4, 5, and 6 as shown in the attached drawing; the energy storage spring group includes four energy storage springs, namely springs 7, 8, 9, and 10 as shown in the attached drawing.

8. The piston cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two working fluid springs at the fixed stop point on one side of the baffle are spring 3 and spring 4; spring 3 outputs high-pressure medium and connects to the control port m of the intake slider valve, and spring 4 outputs high-pressure medium and connects to the control port k of the exhaust slider valve; the two working fluid springs at the other stop point are spring 5 and spring 6; spring 6 outputs high-pressure medium and connects to the control port n of the intake slider valve, and spring 5 outputs high-pressure medium and connects to the control port j of the exhaust slider valve.

9. The piston-cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Springs 3 and 6, which are connected to the air passage of the intake slider valve (P1), have independent air passages that are respectively connected to the combined peak regulating valves PHV103 and PHV106.

10. The piston cylinder air distribution and speed regulation mechanism based on a gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The common feedback manifold from the combined peak regulating valve to the command-type intake pressure regulating valve (PCV101) adopts a short-range rigid pipeline, minimizing the dead volume of the pipeline and eliminating the large-capacity buffer chamber. It fully preserves the instantaneous peak pressure waveform generated by the working fluid spring impact, eliminating speed regulation lag.

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