A test system and method for a hydraulic actuator variable orifice

Abstract

The application provides a hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve test system and method, belonging to the field of aviation equipment testing technology, comprising a test tool, a hydraulic pipeline assembly and a flow detection device. The test tool comprises a base and four oil nozzles. The base is provided with a mounting hole and an oil passage. A valve sleeve is arranged in the mounting hole. The four oil nozzles are respectively connected with the equalizing grooves or hydraulic interfaces of the variable throttle valve, simulating the retraction cavity pressure and the extension cavity pressure of the hydraulic actuator. The hydraulic pipeline assembly comprises four on-off valves, which are switched between two test working conditions through switch combination. The test method comprises four steps of assembling the variable throttle valve, first working condition flow test, second working condition flow test, acceptance determination and design iteration. The flow values of the two working conditions are recorded at the preset pressure test points, compared with the acceptance standard, and the structure of the throttle valve is designed and iterated. The scheme can accurately evaluate the performance of the variable throttle valve, effectively reduce the iteration frequency of research and development, and reduce the research and development cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aviation equipment testing, and in particular to a test system and method for a variable throttle valve of a hydraulic actuator. BACKGROUND

[0002] The variable throttle valve is a hydraulic two-stage pilot control valve, is applied to an aviation hydraulic actuator, and is an important control element of the actuator. Application of the variable throttle valve improves ground gust damping and flutter suppression capability of the actuator.

[0003] The variable throttle valve is used to connect an extension chamber and a retraction chamber of the hydraulic actuator, so that the actuator in a damping state can act with a main actuator, and a certain damping force is provided. A traditional hydraulic actuator throttle technology adopts a constant damping valve or a damping hole. A small rectangular or circular hole is drilled on an oil line connecting the extension chamber and the retraction chamber of the actuator, and a damping force is provided for the actuator through throttle principle of the small hole. With development of a fly-by-wire flight control system, higher requirements are put forward for the actuator. The variable throttle valve is applied to the aviation hydraulic actuator. An opening degree of a damping hole of the variable throttle valve changes according to a pressure difference between two chambers of the actuator, and better damping performance is provided for the actuator.

[0004] The variable throttle valve has a complex structure. At present, there is no related test tooling, test process, and acceptance standard. The development process mainly verifies the performance of the throttle valve through performance simulation and actuator level testing. Due to the complex profile design of the throttle valve and lack of a valve assembly level verification method, the development process often needs to be iterated repeatedly, which affects the development progress, increases the development cost, and at the same time brings hidden dangers for acceptance of the variable throttle valve assembly in a subsequent production stage. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a test system and method for a variable throttle valve of a hydraulic actuator, which at least partially solve the problem of lack of a valve assembly level test tooling, test process, and acceptance standard for the variable throttle valve in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a test system for a variable throttle valve of a hydraulic actuator, which comprises a test tooling, a hydraulic line assembly, and a flow detection device.

[0007] The test tool comprises a base, a first oil nozzle, a second oil nozzle, a third oil nozzle and a fourth oil nozzle; the base is provided with a mounting hole, a valve sleeve of a variable throttle valve is arranged in the mounting hole, a valve core and a sliding block are arranged in the valve sleeve, the sliding block is located at the front end of the valve sleeve, the inside of the base is provided with independent oil passage channels, each oil nozzle is connected to the pressure equalizing groove or the hydraulic element of the variable throttle valve through the oil passage channels; the first oil nozzle is connected to an oil return pipeline and acts on the low pressure cavity of the variable throttle valve; the second oil nozzle is connected to a first pressure source and is used for simulating the retraction cavity pressure of a hydraulic actuator and simultaneously acting on the valve core and the sliding block through the oil passage channels; the third oil nozzle and the fourth oil nozzle are connected to a second pressure source and are used for simulating the extension cavity pressure of the hydraulic actuator and respectively acting on the valve core and the sliding block; The hydraulic pipeline assembly comprises a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve, the second valve is connected to the second oil nozzle, the first valve is connected to the hydraulic pipeline after the third oil nozzle and the fourth oil nozzle are connected in parallel, one end of the third valve is connected to the first oil nozzle, the other end of the third valve is connected to the hydraulic pipeline between the first valve and the hydraulic pipeline after the third oil nozzle and the fourth valve are connected in parallel, one end of the fourth valve is connected to the first oil nozzle, the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the hydraulic pipeline between the second valve and the second oil nozzle, and two test working conditions are switched through the opening and closing combination of the valves. The flow detection device is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline and is used for detecting the flow passing through the variable throttle valve in real time.

[0008] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the second valve and the third valve constitute a first test working condition valve group, the first valve and the fourth valve constitute a second test working condition valve group; when the first test working condition valve group is opened and the second test working condition valve group is closed, a test working condition in which the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source is simulated, and the valve core is driven to move in a first direction; when the second test working condition valve group is opened and the first test working condition valve group is closed, a test working condition in which the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source is simulated, and the valve core is driven to move in the first direction by the sliding block.

[0009] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the shape of the mounting hole matches the outer contour of the valve sleeve, and the mounting hole is used for positioning and fixing the valve sleeve during the test; the positional relationship between the mounting hole and the oil passage channels in the base corresponds to the positional relationship between the hydraulic interfaces on the valve sleeve.

[0010] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the base is further provided with a spring, a spring seat and an outer cover, the outer cover is located at the tail end of the valve sleeve, the spring is sleeved on the spring seat, and the spring seat is located in the outer cover; the outer cover is provided with a sealing ring and a protection ring.

[0011] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the flow detection device is arranged as a flowmeter, and the flowmeter is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline after the first oil nozzle is sequentially connected to one end of the fourth valve and one end of the third valve.

[0012] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a test method of a hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve, using the test system as described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect, comprising the following steps: Step S1, performing assembly of the variable throttle valve on the test tooling; Step S2, first test condition flow rate test: connecting the hydraulic pipeline; opening the second valve and the third valve, closing the first valve and the fourth valve, simulating a working condition in which the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source; starting the hydraulic source, setting the oil return pressure to zero, and sequentially adjusting the oil inlet pressure to each preset test pressure value, recording the flow rate value after the flow rate detection device reads stably at each pressure value, completing the test of the first test condition, and adjusting the oil inlet pressure back to zero; Step S3, second test condition flow rate test: opening the first valve and the fourth valve, closing the second valve and the third valve, simulating a working condition in which the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source; according to the method of step S2, sequentially recording the flow rate value at each preset test pressure value, completing the test of the second test condition, and closing the hydraulic source after adjusting the oil inlet pressure back to zero; Step S4, acceptance determination and iteration: comparing the test data obtained in steps S2 and S3 with the preset acceptance standard, determining whether the variable throttle valve meets the performance index requirement; if not, performing corresponding design improvement according to the deviation type and then retesting until the preset acceptance standard is met.

[0013] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the preset test pressure values in steps S2 and S3 include 500 psi, 1000 psi, 1500 psi, 2000 psi, 2500 psi and 3000 psi, a total of six test points, and the test points cover the rated working pressure range of the aviation hydraulic actuator.

[0014] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the preset acceptance standard in step S4 includes: for a linearly changed throttle hole, the flow rate value trend corresponding to each test point is proportional to the square root of the pressure difference of the test point; and the flow rate values at the same test point of the first test condition and the second test condition should be equal.

[0015] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, in step S4, when the flow rate values of each test point deviate from the preset acceptance standard, the variable throttle valve is iteratively designed by changing the shape of the throttle hole of the variable throttle valve or selecting a spring, and then steps S1 to S4 are re-executed after iteration.

[0016] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, in step S4, when the flow difference of the first test working condition and the second test working condition at the same test point exceeds a predetermined threshold, the variable throttle valve is designed iteratively by selecting a valve core and a slider with different axial lengths, or adding an adjusting washer under the spring seat, and steps S1 to S4 are re-executed after iteration.

[0017] Advantages: The test system and method of the hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve in the embodiment of the present application have the following advantages: Fill in the blank of valve assembly level test: Provide a special test tool to realize the independent performance verification of the variable throttle valve in the state of separating from the actuator system, and the test result is more accurate and can directly reflect the performance level of the throttle valve body; Improve research and development efficiency and reduce cost: Through the performance test of the valve assembly, design defects can be found in the early research and development stage, the number of repeated iterations is reduced, the design cycle is significantly shortened, and the research and development cost is reduced; Provide basis for production acceptance: Formulate clear acceptance standards to provide quantitative basis for variable throttle valve assembly acceptance in the batch production stage, and effectively reduce the product unqualified rate; Strong universality: The test tool design method and test process of the present application can be applied to the test and acceptance of similar structure hydraulic secondary pilot control valves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 The test tool appearance diagram according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 The test tool first oil nozzle and second oil nozzle section view according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 The test tool third oil nozzle and fourth oil nozzle section view according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 The variable throttle valve test installation appearance diagram according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 The variable throttle valve test installation first oil nozzle and second oil nozzle section view according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 The variable throttle valve test installation third oil nozzle and fourth oil nozzle section view according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a testing device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a testing device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0022] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present application. Numerous other implementations and embodiments can be derived from these examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the present application should be limited only by the appended claims.

[0023] It is to be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of various aspects of embodiments of the application, and that, therefore, numerous other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it will be understood that those skilled in the art can make various modifications to adopt the specific arrangement of features described herein to other situations without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not intended to be limited to the aspects specifically set forth herein, but only by the claims which follow.

[0024] It is also to be understood that the following description is only illustrative of the aspects of the application and that, therefore, numerous other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the arts, and it will be understood that those skilled in the arts can make various modifications to adopt the specific arrangement of features described herein to other situations without departing from spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not intended to be limited to the specific aspects described herein, but only by the claims which follow.

[0025] In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to thoroughly understand examples. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0026] This invention proposes a testing method for variable throttle valves, designs a testing fixture for variable throttle valves, establishes a testing procedure, and provides testing standards. It can be widely applied to the testing of various types of variable throttle valves.

[0027] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a testing system for a hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve, referring to... Figures 1 to 7 This includes testing fixtures, hydraulic piping components, and flow detection devices; The test fixture includes a base, a first oil nozzle 1, a second oil nozzle 2, a third oil nozzle 3, and a fourth oil nozzle 4. The base has mounting holes, within which a variable throttle valve sleeve 5 is installed. The valve sleeve 5 contains a valve core 7 and a slider 6, with the slider 6 located at the front end of the valve sleeve 5. The base has independent oil passages, and each oil nozzle is connected to the equalizing groove or hydraulic component of the variable throttle valve through these passages. The first oil nozzle 1 is connected to the return oil line and acts on the low-pressure chamber of the variable throttle valve. The second oil nozzle 2 is connected to a first pressure source to simulate the pressure in the retraction chamber of the hydraulic actuator and acts on both the valve core 7 and the slider 6 through the oil passages. The third oil nozzle 3 and the fourth oil nozzle 4 are both connected to a second pressure source to simulate the pressure in the extension chamber of the hydraulic actuator, acting on the valve core 7 and the slider 6 respectively. The hydraulic pipeline assembly includes a first valve V1, a second valve V2, a third valve V3, and a fourth valve V4. The second valve V2 is connected to the second nozzle 2. The first valve V1 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline formed by the parallel connection of the third nozzle 3 and the fourth nozzle 4. One end of the third valve V3 is connected to the first nozzle 1, and the other end of the third valve V3 is connected between the hydraulic pipeline formed by the parallel connection of the third nozzle 3 and the fourth valve V4 and the first valve V1. One end of the fourth valve V4 is connected to the first nozzle 1, and the other end of the fourth valve V4 is connected between the second valve V2 and the second nozzle 2. Two test conditions are switched by the combination of opening and closing of each valve. The flow detection device is installed on the hydraulic line to detect the flow rate through the variable throttle valve in real time.

[0028] In specific implementation, refer to Figures 1 to 3, the test tool is composed of four oil nozzles and a base. Through the four oil nozzles, a first pressure source (simulating the actuator retraction cavity pressure), a second pressure source (simulating the actuator extension cavity pressure), a return oil pressure, and a pressure equalization groove in the variable throttle valve and the hydraulic element are connected. The base is designed according to the mounting features of the variable throttle valve and is designed as the mounting hole shape of the throttle valve. The four oil nozzles are connected to the pressure equalization groove or the hydraulic element of the variable throttle valve through the oil passage in the base. The first oil nozzle 1 is connected to the return oil line and acts on the low pressure cavity of the throttle valve; the second oil nozzle 2 is connected to the first pressure source, simulating the actuator retraction cavity pressure, and acts on the valve core 7 and the slider 6 through the hydraulic passage of the test tool and the valve sleeve 5; the third oil nozzle 3 and the fourth oil nozzle 4 are connected to the same second pressure source, simulating the actuator extension cavity pressure, and act on the valve core 7 and the slider 6, respectively.

[0029] Further, the base is further provided with a spring 8, a spring seat 9 and an outer cover 10, the outer cover 10 is located at the tail end of the valve sleeve 5, the spring 8 is sleeved on the spring seat 9, and the spring seat 9 is located in the outer cover 10; the outer cover 10 is provided with a sealing ring and a protection ring.

[0030] Referring to Figures 4 to 6 , the variable throttle valve is installed. The installation sequence is: first, three sealing rings are installed on the valve sleeve 5 of the variable throttle valve, then the valve sleeve 5, the slider 6, the valve core 7, the spring 8 and the spring seat 9 are installed in sequence, and finally the sealing ring and the protection ring are sleeved on the outer cover 10, the outer cover 10 is installed on the test tool base, and the test installation of the valve is completed.

[0031] Further, the second valve V2 and the third valve V3 form a first test working condition valve group, and the first valve V1 and the fourth valve V4 form a second test working condition valve group; when the first test working condition valve group is opened and the second test working condition valve group is closed, a test working condition that the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source is simulated, and the valve core 7 is driven to move in the first direction (e.g. Figure 5 , to the left); when the second test working condition valve group is opened and the first test working condition valve group is closed, a test working condition that the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source is simulated, and the valve core 7 is pushed by the slider 6 to move in the first direction (e.g. Figure 5 , to the left).

[0032] Further, the shape of the mounting hole matches the outer contour of the valve sleeve 5, and is used for positioning and fixing the valve sleeve 5 during the test; the positional relationship between the mounting hole and the oil passage in the base corresponds to the positional relationship of the hydraulic interface on the valve sleeve 5.

[0033] Further, the flow detection device is set as a flow meter, and the flow meter is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline after the first oil nozzle 1 is sequentially connected to one end of the fourth valve V4 and one end of the third valve V3.

[0034] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a test method of a hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve, using the test system as described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect, comprising the following steps: Step S1, performing assembly of the variable throttle valve on the test tooling; Step S2, first test condition flow rate test: connecting the hydraulic pipeline; opening the second valve V2 and the third valve V3, closing the first valve V1 and the fourth valve V4, simulating a working condition in which the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source; starting the hydraulic source, setting the oil return pressure to zero, and adjusting the oil inlet pressure to each preset test pressure value in turn, recording the flow rate value after the flow rate detection device reads stably at each pressure value, completing the test of the first test condition, and adjusting the oil inlet pressure back to zero; Step S3, second test condition flow rate test: opening the first valve V1 and the fourth valve V4, closing the second valve V2 and the third valve V3, simulating a working condition in which the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source; according to the method of step S2, recording the flow rate value at each preset test pressure value in turn, completing the test of the second test condition, and closing the hydraulic source after adjusting the oil inlet pressure back to zero; Step S4, acceptance determination and iteration: comparing the test data obtained in steps S2 and S3 with the preset acceptance standard, determining whether the variable throttle valve meets the performance index requirement; if not, performing corresponding design improvement according to the deviation type and then retesting until the preset acceptance standard is met.

[0035] In specific implementation, reference is made to Figure 7 Step S1 specifically comprises: Connecting the test equipment and the hydraulic pipeline. The hydraulic source should use oil of a type and cleanliness that meets the actual working requirements of the product. A sealing ring is assembled on the variable throttle valve sleeve 5, the sleeve 5, the slider 6, the valve core 7, the spring 8, and the spring seat 9 are installed into the test tooling base in turn, and the outer cover 10 with the sealing ring and the protection ring is installed on the base, completing the assembly of the variable throttle valve on the test tooling.

[0036] Further, the preset test pressure values in steps S2 and S3 include 500 psi, 1000 psi, 1500 psi, 2000 psi, 2500 psi, and 3000 psi, a total of six test points, covering the rated working pressure range of the aviation hydraulic actuator.

[0037] In specific implementation, step S2 comprises: Open the second valve V2 and the third valve V3, and close the first valve V1 and the fourth valve V4 to simulate the condition where the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source. Set the return oil pressure to zero, so the pressure of the second pressure source is zero, and the oil inlet pressure is the pressure difference between the first and second pressure sources. The variable throttle valve core 7 moves to the left under the pressure difference between the first and second pressure sources. The greater the pressure difference, the larger the throttle valve opening and the smaller the damping. Observe the flow rate at the flow meter at G1. After the flow rate stabilizes, record the current flow rate value at condition 1 in Table 1. Adjust the inlet oil pressure to 0 psi. Aviation hydraulic actuators mostly operate in a pressure environment with a rated pressure of 3000 psi. Set 6 test points: 500 psi, 1000 psi, 1500 psi, 2000 psi, 2500 psi, and 3000 psi. Test and record the flow rate at each test point. Step S3 includes: Open valves V1 and V4, and close valves V2 and V3 to simulate a situation where the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source. The variable throttle valve slider 6, under the pressure difference between the second and first pressure sources, pushes the valve core 7 to the left; the greater the pressure difference, the larger the throttle valve opening. Following step S2 above, observe the flow rate at flowmeter G1. After the flow rate stabilizes, record the current flow rate value at condition 2 in Table 1. Adjust the inlet oil pressure to 0 psi and turn off the hydraulic power source.

[0038] Table 1 Flow Rate Test Record of Variable Throttling Valve

[0039] In one embodiment, the preset acceptance criteria in step S4 include: for a linearly changing orifice, the trend of the flow rate value at each test point is proportional to the square root of the pressure difference at that test point; and the flow rate values ​​at the same test point should be equal for the first test condition and the second test condition. If the test results do not meet the preset acceptance criteria, the design is iterated by changing the orifice shape, etc.

[0040] Furthermore, in step S4, when the flow rate value at each test point deviates from the preset acceptance standard, the variable throttle valve is iterated by changing the shape of the throttle orifice or by selecting spring 8. After iteration, steps S1 to S4 are executed again.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S4, when the flow difference between the first test condition and the second test condition at the same test point exceeds a predetermined threshold, the variable throttle valve is iterated by selecting valve cores 7 and sliders 6 with different axial lengths, or by adding adjustment shims under the spring seat 9. After iteration, steps S1 to S4 are executed again.

[0042] The embodiment provided by the application obtains the performance of the valve assembly more accurately through valve assembly level testing, reduces the number of product design iterations, shortens the design cycle, and optimizes the design cost. Meanwhile, the embodiment provides an effective way for product acceptance and reduces the unqualified rate of products. The method can be applied to the second pilot control valve with similar structures.

[0043] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test system for a hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve, characterized by, The test tool, the hydraulic pipeline assembly and the flow detection device are included. The test tool includes a base, a first oil nozzle (1), a second oil nozzle (2), a third oil nozzle (3) and a fourth oil nozzle (4). The base is provided with a mounting hole, and a valve sleeve (5) of a variable throttle valve is arranged in the mounting hole. The valve sleeve (5) is provided with a valve core (7) and a sliding block (6). The sliding block (6) is located at the front end of the valve sleeve (5). The base is internally provided with independent oil passage channels. Each oil nozzle is connected to the pressure equalizing groove or the hydraulic element of the variable throttle valve through the oil passage channels. The first oil nozzle (1) is connected to a return oil pipeline and acts on the low pressure cavity of the variable throttle valve. The second oil nozzle (2) is connected to a first pressure source and is used for simulating the retraction cavity pressure of a hydraulic actuator and simultaneously acting on the valve core (7) and the sliding block (6) through the oil passage channels. The third oil nozzle (3) and the fourth oil nozzle (4) are connected to a second pressure source and are used for simulating the extension cavity pressure of the hydraulic actuator and respectively acting on the valve core (7) and the sliding block (6). The hydraulic pipeline assembly includes a first valve (V1), a second valve (V2), a third valve (V3) and a fourth valve (V4). The second valve (V2) is connected to the second oil nozzle (2). The first valve (V1) is connected to the hydraulic pipeline connected in parallel with the third oil nozzle (3) and the fourth oil nozzle (4). One end of the third valve (V3) is connected to the first oil nozzle (1). The other end of the third valve (V3) is connected to the hydraulic pipeline connected in parallel with the third oil nozzle (3) and the fourth valve (V4) between the first valve (V1). One end of the fourth valve (V4) is connected to the first oil nozzle (1). The other end of the fourth valve (V4) is connected to the second valve (V2) between the second oil nozzle (2). Two test conditions are switched through the opening and closing combination of the valves. The flow detection device is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline and is used for detecting the flow through the variable throttle valve in real time.

2. The test system of claim 1, wherein, The second valve (V2) and the third valve (V3) constitute a first test condition valve group. The first valve (V1) and the fourth valve (V4) constitute a second test condition valve group. When the first test condition valve group is opened and the second test condition valve group is closed, the test condition that the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source is simulated, and the valve core (7) is driven to move in a first direction. When the second test condition valve group is opened and the first test condition valve group is closed, the test condition that the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source is simulated, and the valve core (7) is pushed by the sliding block (6) to move in the first direction.

3. The test system for a hydraulic actuator variable orifice valve of claim 1, wherein, The shape of the mounting hole matches the outline of the valve sleeve (5) and is used for positioning and fixing the valve sleeve (5) during the test. The positional relationship between the mounting hole and the oil passage channels in the base corresponds to the positional relationship of the hydraulic interfaces on the valve sleeve (5).

4. The test system of claim 1, wherein The base is further provided with a spring (8), a spring seat (9) and an outer cover (10). The outer cover (10) is located at the tail end of the valve sleeve (5). The spring (8) is sleeved on the spring seat (9), and the spring seat (9) is located in the outer cover (10). The outer cover (10) is provided with a sealing ring and a protection ring.

5. The test system for a hydraulic actuator variable orifice valve of claim 1, wherein, The flow detection device is arranged as a flowmeter. The flowmeter is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline connected in sequence with one end of the fourth valve (V4) and one end of the third valve (V3) after the first oil nozzle (1).

6. A test method of a hydraulic actuator variable throttle valve using the test system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, performing assembly of the variable throttle valve on a test tool; Step S2, first test condition flow rate test: connecting a hydraulic pipeline; Opening the second valve (V2) and the third valve (V3), closing the first valve (V1) and the fourth valve (V4), simulating a working condition in which the first pressure source is higher than the second pressure source; starting a hydraulic source, setting the oil return pressure to zero, and adjusting the oil inlet pressure to each preset test pressure value in turn, recording the flow rate value after the flow rate detection device reads stably at each pressure value, completing the test of the first test condition, and adjusting the oil inlet pressure back to zero; Step S3, second test condition flow rate test: opening the first valve (V1) and the fourth valve (V4), closing the second valve (V2) and the third valve (V3), simulating a working condition in which the second pressure source is higher than the first pressure source; according to the method of step S2, recording the flow rate value at each preset test pressure value in turn, completing the test of the second test condition, and closing the hydraulic source after adjusting the oil inlet pressure back to zero; Step S4, acceptance determination and iteration: comparing the test data obtained in steps S2 and S3 with preset acceptance standards to determine whether the variable throttle valve meets the performance index requirements; if not, performing corresponding design improvement according to the deviation type and then retesting until the preset acceptance standards are met.

7. The hydraulic actuator variable orifice test method according to claim 6, characterized by, The preset test pressure values in steps S2 and S3 include 500 psi, 1000 psi, 1500 psi, 2000 psi, 2500 psi and 3000 psi, a total of six test points, and the test points cover the rated working pressure range of the aviation hydraulic actuator.

8. The hydraulic actuator variable orifice test method according to claim 6, characterized by, The preset acceptance standards in step S4 include: for a linearly changed throttle hole, the flow rate value trend corresponding to each test point is proportional to the square root of the pressure difference of the test point; and the flow rate values of the first test condition and the second test condition at the same test point should be equal.

9. The hydraulic actuator variable orifice test method according to claim 8, characterized by, In step S4, when the flow rate values of each test point deviate from the preset acceptance standards, the variable throttle valve is iteratively designed by changing the shape of the throttle hole or selecting a spring (8), and steps S1 to S4 are re-executed after iteration.

10. The hydraulic actuator variable orifice test method of claim 8, wherein, In step S4, when the flow rate difference between the first test condition and the second test condition at the same test point exceeds a predetermined threshold, the variable throttle valve is iteratively designed by selecting a valve core (7) and a slider (6) with different axial lengths, or adding an adjusting gasket under the spring seat (9), and steps S1 to S4 are re-executed after iteration.

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