Rail transit wear-resistant bearing

Abstract

The application provides a wear-resistant bearing for rail transit and relates to the technical field of bearings. The bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and a retainer. A first guide element and two guide surfaces are arranged on a window beam. First guide grooves are formed on the guide surfaces. The first guide element guides the lubricating grease in the outer side area from the large end of the roller to the small end, thereby slowing the accumulation of the lubricating grease in the outer side area to the two sides of the bearing. The lubricating grease in the inner side area flows along the two guide surfaces from the middle part of the window beam to the two sides thereof and enters the first guide grooves. The first guide grooves limit the flow of the lubricating grease in the inner side area from the small end of the roller to the large end, thereby slowing the accumulation of the lubricating grease in the inner side area to the two sides of the bearing. The lubricating grease in the outer side area flows along the first guide element to the middle part of the bearing to supplement the lubricating grease in the middle part of the bearing. The lubricating grease in the inner side area enters the window hole along the first guide groove to supplement the lubricating grease in the junction area of the roller and the window beam, thereby reducing the friction between the parts, avoiding the local temperature rise and the increase of the internal clearance of the bearing, and prolonging the overall service life of the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing technology, and in particular to a wear-resistant bearing for rail transportation. Background Technology

[0002] Rolling bearings, as precision mechanical components that replace sliding friction with rolling friction, generally consist of four parts: an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. They are widely used in various industrial equipment. In the rail transit sector, bearings are core support components of vehicle transmission and running gear systems. Their performance and reliability directly affect the vehicle's operational safety, reliability, and service life. The complex operating conditions of heavy loads, high speeds, and alternating impacts in rail transit scenarios place stringent technical requirements on bearing wear resistance, lubrication stability, structural strength, and thermal adaptability. As rail transit technology continues to develop towards higher speeds and heavier loads, the industry has conducted extensive technical research and engineering applications of rolling bearings specifically for rail transit. Rich technical accumulation has been formed around key areas such as internal flow field control, dynamic distribution characteristics of lubricating media, frictional power consumption and temperature rise control, and cage structure optimization. Related technological achievements have been widely implemented in various rail transit equipment, including high-speed trains and railway freight vehicles. Among them, double-row tapered roller bearings have become the mainstream bearings for core components such as wheel sets and drive axles of rail transit vehicles due to their excellent radial and axial composite load-bearing capacity, compact structure and operational stability. Moreover, the grease in them, as an indispensable lubricating medium in bearing operation, plays an important role in reducing friction, reducing wear and heat dissipation.

[0003] Research has shown that during operation, double-row tapered roller bearings, under centrifugal force, concentrate grease mainly in the gap between the outer raceway and the rollers, while the inner raceway surface has less grease, resulting in a higher inner ring temperature. Simultaneously, the conical space inside the bearing, where the gap between the rollers acts as an axial groove in the conical bore wall, creates a pumping effect, pumping more grease from the center to the oil seal cavities at both ends.

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned migration and distribution patterns of grease, existing double-row tapered roller bearings, especially during the start-up phase, exhibit a tendency for grease to accumulate outwards under centrifugal force. Furthermore, due to the bearing's own tapered structure, the grease further accumulates to both sides, resulting in a lack of grease in the central area of ​​the bearing. This exacerbates friction between components, causing not only a local temperature increase but also potentially increasing the internal clearance of the bearing, thereby shortening the overall service life of the bearing.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a wear-resistant bearing for rail transit to address the problems existing in current double-row tapered roller bearings.

[0007] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: A wear-resistant bearing for rail transit includes an outer ring, an inner ring, and two cages disposed opposite each other. Each cage includes a plurality of slats evenly distributed in its circumferential direction. A window for receiving rollers is formed between adjacent slats. The rollers are conical with a large end and a small end. The length direction of the slats is parallel to the generatrix of the rollers. An outer region is formed between the cage and the outer ring, and an inner region is formed between the cage and the inner ring. Both the outer and inner regions are filled with grease. A receiving groove is formed on one side of the slats located in the outer region. A first guide member is provided within the receiving groove, and the length direction of the first guide member is parallel to the generatrix of the rollers. The beam is set at an angle along its length. The first guide is made of shape memory alloy. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is less than a first preset value, the first guide extends out of the receiving groove and guides the grease in the outer region from the large end of the roller to its small end. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the first guide is received in the receiving groove. Two guide surfaces are formed on one side of the window beam in the inner region. The guide surfaces are recessed inward to form a first guide groove. The two guide surfaces are used to guide the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam to the window openings on both sides. The first guide groove is connected to the window opening.

[0008] Furthermore, an annular and coaxial flange is formed on the outer side of the inner ring, located at the large end of the roller, to restrict the axial movement of the roller; the cage also includes a first ring body located at the large end of the roller, with an annular groove formed on the inner side of the first ring body, the opening of the annular groove facing and fitting against the end face of the large end of the roller; a second guide groove is formed on one side of the window beam located in the inner region, the second guide groove is arranged along the length of the window beam and communicates with the annular groove; when the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is less than a second preset value, the second guide groove is blocked, and when the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second guide groove is opened, and the second guide groove guides the grease in the inner region from the small end of the roller to its large end.

[0009] Furthermore, the second guide groove is located between the two guide surfaces. The second guide groove is provided with a sheet-shaped second guide member that matches its size. The second guide member is made of shape memory alloy. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is less than the second preset value, the second guide member protrudes and covers the second guide groove, thus blocking the second guide groove. The second guide member guides the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam to the guide surfaces on both sides. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second guide member is received in the second guide groove and fits against the bottom wall of the second guide groove, thus opening the second guide groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the first guide member is in the form of a sheet. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is less than the first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member protrudes from its two ends and extends out of the receiving groove. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member is flush with its two ends, so that the first guide member is received in the receiving groove.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple first guide members are evenly distributed along the length of the window beam.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple first guide grooves are evenly distributed along the length of the window beam.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple first guide grooves on the two guide surfaces are staggered along the length of the window beam.

[0014] Furthermore, the depth of the first guide groove relative to the guide surface is equal everywhere.

[0015] Furthermore, when the temperature of the lubricating grease in the inner region is less than the second preset value, the cross-section of the second guide member perpendicular to its length direction is arc-shaped.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: During the bearing start-up phase, the first guide member directs the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller, reducing the accumulation of grease on both sides of the bearing. The grease in the inner region flows along the two guide surfaces from the center of the window beam to both sides and enters the first guide groove. The first guide groove restricts the flow of grease in the inner region from the small end to the large end of the roller, further reducing the accumulation of grease on both sides of the bearing. The grease in the outer region flows along the first guide member towards the center of the bearing to replenish grease in the central area, while the grease in the inner region enters the window opening along the first guide groove to replenish grease at the junction of the roller and the window beam. This reduces friction between components, to some extent preventing localized temperature increases and increased internal bearing clearance, thus extending the overall service life of the bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1Exploded view of a wear-resistant bearing for rail transit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Assembly drawing; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the first guide member extending out of the receiving groove; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB-direction sectional view; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 7 for Figure 2 Side view of the first guide member being housed in the receiving slot; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point D; Figure 9 for Figure 7 EE-directed sectional view; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point F in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cage structure; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point G in the middle; Figure 13 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point H in the middle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first guide component; Figure 15 for Figure 11 Side view; Figure 16 for Figure 15 JJ-direction sectional view; Figure 17 for Figure 16 A magnified view of a section at point K; Figure 18 A front view of a wear-resistant bearing for rail transit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 for Figure 18 LL-direction sectional view; Figure 20 for Figure 19 A magnified view of a section at point M.

[0018] in: 101. Outer ring; 102. Inner ring; 103. Cage; 104. Window sill; 105. Window opening; 106. Roller; 107. Labyrinth seal; 201. First guide member; 202. Guide surface; 203. First guide groove; 204. Receiving groove; 205. Side guard; 206. First ring body; 207. Ring groove; 208. Second guide groove; 209. Second ring body; 210. Second guide member; 211. Fixing groove; 212. Locking block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 20As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a wear-resistant bearing for rail transit, including an outer ring 101, an inner ring 102, and two cages 103 disposed opposite to each other. Each cage 103 includes a plurality of window beams 104 evenly distributed in its circumferential direction. A window hole 105 for receiving rollers 106 is formed between adjacent window beams 104. The rollers 106 are conical and have a large end and a small end. The length direction of the window beams 104 is parallel to the generatrix of the rollers 106. An outer region is formed between the cage 103 and the outer ring 101, and an inner region is formed between the cage 103 and the inner ring 102. Both the outer and inner regions are filled with grease. A receiving groove 204 is formed on one side of the window beam 104 located in the outer region. A first guide member 201 is provided in the receiving groove 204. The length direction of the guide member 201 is set at an angle to the length direction of the window beam 104. The first guide member 201 is made of shape memory alloy. When the temperature value of the grease in the outer region is less than the first preset value, the first guide member 201 extends out of the receiving groove 204 and guides the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller 106. When the temperature value of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the first guide member 201 is received in the receiving groove 204. Two guide surfaces 202 are formed on one side of the window beam 104 in the inner region. A first guide groove 203 is formed inwardly on the guide surface 202. The two guide surfaces 202 are respectively used to guide the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam 104 to the window openings 105 on both sides. The first guide groove 203 is connected to the window opening 105.

[0023] During the bearing start-up phase, the temperature of the grease in the outer region is lower than the first preset value, resulting in poor fluidity. The first guide member 201 extends out of the receiving groove 204 and guides the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller 106, thus reducing the accumulation of grease in the outer region on both sides of the bearing. See also Figure 6 and Figure 11 The grease in the inner region flows from the center of the window beam 104 to both sides along the two guide surfaces 202 and enters the first guide groove 203. The first guide groove 203 restricts the flow of grease in the inner region from the small end to the large end of the roller 106, thus slowing down the accumulation of grease on both sides of the bearing. The grease in the outer region flows towards the center of the bearing along the first guide member 201 to replenish the grease in the center area of ​​the bearing. The grease in the inner region enters the window hole 105 along the first guide groove 203 to replenish the grease at the junction of the roller 106 and the window beam 104, thereby reducing friction between components and, to some extent, avoiding local temperature rise and increased internal clearance of the bearing, thus extending the overall service life of the bearing. After the bearing runs stably, the temperature value of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, its fluidity increases, and the first guide member 201 is received in the receiving groove 204, eliminating the guiding effect on the grease in the outer region without affecting the circulation of the grease.

[0024] In addition, the first guide member 201 guides the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller 106, providing power for the circulation of grease within the bearing and improving the circulation effect. This, to some extent, avoids the problem of higher internal temperature caused by more grease in the outer region than in the inner region during the start-up phase. Moreover, the first guide member 201 can also block the flow of grease, inhibiting the flow of grease from the small end to the large end of the roller 106 to some extent.

[0025] Among them, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cage 103 and the outer ring 101 together form the outer region, and the cage 103 and the inner ring 102 together form the inner region. The outer and inner regions together constitute the bearing's working chamber, which is filled with grease. The grease filling amount is generally 30%. This is because, under the same conditions, as the grease filling amount increases, the bearing temperature decreases slightly, and the temperature drop is greatest when the grease filling amount is 30%. Therefore, a 30% grease filling amount results in the best bearing lubrication performance. See also... Figure 3 Both sides of the bearing are equipped with labyrinth oil seals 107. Their specific structure and working principle are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] Understandably, because the bearing has a conical space inside, the gap between two adjacent rollers 106 is equivalent to the axial groove of the conical hole wall, which generates a pumping effect, pumping more grease from the middle of the bearing to the cavities of the labyrinth seals 107 on both sides. The benefit of this is that it can replenish the grease in the cavities of the labyrinth seals 107 in a timely manner, further enhancing the sealing effect. However, at the same time, it may cause grease to overflow from the labyrinth seals 107. The overflowing grease is gradually covered by dust and other impurities, affecting the operation of the bearing. It may also cause a lack of grease in the middle area of ​​the bearing. Therefore, during the bearing start-up phase, the first guide member 201 guides the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller 106, slowing down the accumulation of grease in the outer region to both sides of the bearing; and the first guide groove 203 restricts the flow of grease in the inner region from the small end to the large end of the roller 106, which can slow down the accumulation of grease in the inner region to both sides of the bearing, thereby reducing the pumping effect. While ensuring the sealing effect and reducing the amount of grease overflowing from the labyrinth seal 107, it can also replenish the grease in the middle region of the bearing.

[0027] This invention relates to a wear-resistant bearing for rail transit, applied to trains traveling in one direction. Therefore, during train operation, the bearing itself always rotates in one direction. During bearing operation, the rollers 106 rotate on their own axis and also revolve around a central axis, thereby causing the cage 103 to rotate. Figure 3In the middle, the retainer 103 always rotates in the direction indicated by the solid arrow, that is, counterclockwise along the BB direction of the section view. The first guide member 201 is generally set at an angle to the length direction of the window beam 104, such that the angle is as follows: Figure 3 Angle α in the equation. Specifically, see [reference needed]. Figure 3 For the first guide member 201 at the bottom of the left half of the bearing, it is inclined from the upper right to the lower left. During the bearing start-up phase, when the cage 103 rotates, the grease flows towards the center of the bearing along the inclined direction of the first guide member 201. Therefore, the first guide member 201 guides the grease on the left side of the bearing towards the center of the bearing, which can reduce the accumulation of grease in the outer area to the left side of the bearing. For the first guide member 201 at the bottom of the right half of the bearing, it is inclined from the upper left to the lower right. During the bearing start-up phase, when the cage 103 rotates, the grease flows towards the center of the bearing along the inclined direction of the first guide member 201. Therefore, the first guide member 201 guides the grease on the right side of the bearing towards the center of the bearing, which can reduce the accumulation of grease in the outer area to the right side of the bearing.

[0028] Additionally, see also Figure 6 and Figure 11 For the cross-section of the window beam 104 perpendicular to its length, the inner side is V-shaped by two guide surfaces 202 with opposite inclination directions. During the bearing start-up phase, the two guide surfaces 202 guide the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam 104 to the window openings 105 on both sides, and it falls into the inwardly recessed first guide groove 203, and then enters the window opening 105 from the first guide groove 203 to replenish the grease in the junction area between the roller 106 and the window beam 104.

[0029] The first guide component 201 is made of shape memory alloy, specifically a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy or similar material. The first preset value is a temperature value determined based on the actual operating conditions of the bearing and the composition of the shape memory alloy, ranging from 30°C to 60°C, corresponding to the typical temperature range for the bearing from cold start-up to normal operation. It should be noted that the phase transformation process of the shape memory alloy is a continuous temperature response process, not an instantaneous abrupt change. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is lower than the first preset value, the first guide component 201 is mainly in the martensitic phase; when the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the first guide component 201 begins to transform into the austenitic phase, and the phase transformation is gradually completed as the temperature increases. The specific first preset value can be reasonably selected within the range of 30°C to 60°C based on the specific bearing operating environment, load conditions, and the phase transformation characteristics of the selected shape memory alloy.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figures 16 to 20As shown, an annular and coaxial flange 205 is formed on the outer side of the inner ring 102. The flange 205 is located at the large end of the roller 106 and is used to restrict the axial movement of the roller 106. The cage 103 also includes a first ring body 206 located at the large end of the roller 106. An annular groove 207 is formed on the inner side of the first ring body 206. The opening of the annular groove 207 faces and fits against the end face of the large end of the roller 106. A second guide groove 208 is formed on one side of the window beam 104 in the inner region. The second guide groove 208 is arranged along the length of the window beam 104 and communicates with the annular groove 207. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is less than a second preset value, the second guide groove 208 is blocked, such as... Figure 6 As shown; when the temperature of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second guide groove 208 is opened, and the second guide groove 208 guides the grease in the inner region from the small end to the large end of the roller 106, as shown. Figure 10 As shown.

[0031] During operation, the bearing is subjected to radial and axial loads, causing a rapid increase in the maximum temperature of the contact area between the large end of roller 106 and flange 205. Furthermore, the grease typically does not completely fill both the outer and inner regions; as the bearing operates, most of the grease accumulates in the outer region and tends to shift towards the sides, resulting in less grease in the inner region where the large end of roller 106 contacts flange 205, leading to poor lubrication and cooling of this contact area. In the bearing startup phase, the temperature of the grease in the inner region is lower than the second preset value, resulting in poor fluidity and blockage of the second guide groove 208. After the bearing operates stably, the temperature of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, which improves its fluidity. The second guide groove 208 is opened, and the second guide groove 208 guides the grease in the inner region from the small end of the roller 106 to its large end into the annular groove 207 to replenish the end face of the large end of the roller 106. After the roller 106 rotates, it can lubricate and cool the contact area between the large end and the flange 205, which to a certain extent avoids excessive wear between the roller 106 and the flange 205, as well as between the roller 106 and the cage 103, and suppresses the rapid rise of the maximum temperature in the contact area between the large end of the roller 106 and the flange 205.

[0032] Understandably, during bearing operation, due to centrifugal force, the amount of grease in the outer region is greater than that in the inner region, causing the temperature of the grease in the outer region to consistently be lower than that in the inner region. Therefore, the first preset value is less than the second preset value. Specifically, during the bearing startup phase, the temperature difference between the grease in the outer and inner regions is relatively large; as the bearing operates, the distribution of grease between the outer and inner regions gradually becomes more uniform, and the temperature difference between the grease in the outer and inner regions gradually decreases.

[0033] Among them, see Figure 11 The cage 103 also includes a second ring 209 located at the large end of the roller 106. The first ring 206, the second ring 209 and the window beam 104 together form the cage 103.

[0034] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 and Figure 10 The second guide groove 208 is located between two guide surfaces 202. The second guide groove 208 is provided with a second guide member 210 that is sheet-shaped and matches its size. The second guide member 210 is made of shape memory alloy. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is less than the second preset value, the second guide member 210 protrudes and covers the second guide groove 208, so that the second guide groove 208 is blocked. The second guide member 210 guides the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam 104 to the guide surfaces 202 on both sides. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second guide member 210 is received in the second guide groove 208 and fits against the bottom wall of the second guide groove 208, so that the second guide groove 208 is opened.

[0035] During the bearing start-up phase, the temperature of the grease in the inner region is lower than the second preset value, resulting in poor fluidity. The second guide member 210 protrudes and covers the second guide groove 208, thus blocking the second guide groove 208. The second guide member 210 guides the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam 104 to the guide surfaces 202 on both sides. After the bearing operates stably, the temperature of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, which improves its fluidity. The second guide member 210 is housed in the second guide groove 208 and fits against the bottom wall of the second guide groove 208, so that the second guide groove 208 is opened. The second guide groove 208 guides the grease in the inner region from the small end of the roller 106 to its large end into the annular groove 207 to replenish the end face of the large end of the roller 106. After the roller 106 rotates, it can lubricate and cool the contact area between the large end and the flange 205, which to a certain extent avoids excessive wear between the roller 106 and the flange 205, as well as between the roller 106 and the cage 103, and suppresses the rapid rise of the maximum temperature in the contact area between the large end of the roller 106 and the flange 205.

[0036] The second guide component 210 is also made of shape memory alloy, specifically nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. The first preset value is a temperature value determined based on the actual operating conditions of the bearing and the composition of the shape memory alloy, and its range can be from 30℃ to 60℃. The relevant phase transformation parameters of the second guide component 210 are the same as those of the first guide component 201, which will not be repeated here, and the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0037] Among them, see Figure 6When the temperature of the grease in the inner region is less than the second preset value, the cross-section of the second guide member 210 perpendicular to its length direction is arc-shaped, and correspondingly, the cross-section of the second guide groove 208 perpendicular to its length direction is also arc-shaped. Figure 6 In the middle, the length direction of the second guide member 210 is parallel to the length direction of the second guide groove 208, and the left and right sides of the second guide member 210 can be fixed to the two guide surfaces 202 respectively.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 8 The first guide member 201 is in the shape of a sheet. When the temperature value of the grease in the outer region is less than the first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member 201 protrudes from its two ends and extends out of the receiving groove 204. When the temperature value of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member 201 is flush with its two ends, so that the first guide member 201 is received in the receiving groove 204.

[0039] Among them, see Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 The first guide member 201 is plate-shaped, with one end fixed to one end of the receiving groove 204. Near its other end, the receiving groove 204 has two fixing grooves 211, each containing a locking block 212. The locking block 212 and the bottom wall of the receiving groove 204 together form a sliding groove, allowing the other end of the first guide member 201 to slide along this groove. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is lower than a first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member 201 protrudes from its two ends and extends out of the receiving groove 204, such as... Figure 4 As shown, at this time, the locking block 212 keeps the first guide member 201 in its current state. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the other end of the first guide member 201 slides along the groove until the middle part of the first guide member 201 is flush with its two ends, that is, the first guide member 201 is entirely on a plane and fits against the bottom wall of the receiving groove 204, thereby allowing the first guide member 201 to be received within the receiving groove 204, as shown. Figure 8 As shown.

[0040] In one embodiment, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 3 and Figure 11 Multiple first guide members 201 are evenly distributed along the length of the window beam 104 to increase the guiding range of grease in the outer area, further reduce the accumulation of grease in the outer area to both sides of the bearing, and improve the degree of grease circulation in the bearing.

[0041] In one embodiment, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 13Multiple first guide grooves 203 are evenly distributed along the length of the window beam 104. The multiple first guide grooves 203 on the two guide surfaces 202 are staggered in the length of the window beam 104 to improve the guiding range of grease in the inner area and the lubrication range of the roller 106, and further reduce the accumulation of grease in the inner area to both sides of the bearing.

[0042] In one embodiment, the depth of the first guide groove 203 relative to the guide surface 202 is equal everywhere.

[0043] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During the bearing start-up phase, the temperature of the grease in the outer region is lower than the first preset value, resulting in poor fluidity. The middle portion of the first guide member 201 protrudes from its two ends and extends out of the receiving groove 204. Figure 4 As shown, the grease in the outer region is guided from the large end to the small end of the roller 106, which can reduce the accumulation of grease in the outer region on both sides of the bearing. Meanwhile, the temperature of the grease in the inner region is lower than the second preset value, resulting in poorer fluidity. The second guide member 210 protrudes and covers the second guide groove 208, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the second guide groove 208 is blocked, and the second guide member 210 guides the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam 104 to the guide surfaces 202 on both sides. The grease in the inner region enters the first guide groove 203 along the guide surface 202. The first guide groove 203 can restrict the flow of grease in the inner region from the small end to the large end of the roller 106, which can slow down the accumulation of grease in the inner region to both sides of the bearing. The grease in the outer region flows along the first guide member 201 to the middle of the bearing to replenish the grease in the middle region of the bearing. The grease in the inner region enters the window hole 105 along the first guide groove 203 to replenish the grease at the junction of the roller 106 and the window beam 104, thereby reducing the friction between the components, avoiding the problems of local temperature rise and increased internal clearance of the bearing to a certain extent, and extending the overall service life of the bearing. In addition, the first guide member 201 guides the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller 106, providing power for the circulation of grease in the bearing, improving the circulation effect of grease, and to a certain extent avoiding the problem of higher inner temperature caused by more grease in the outer region than in the inner region during the start-up phase.

[0044] After the bearing operates stably, the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, increasing its fluidity. The middle part of the first guide member 201 is flush with its two ends, so that the first guide member 201 is received within the receiving groove 204. Figure 8As shown, the guiding effect on the grease in the outer region is eliminated without affecting the circulation of the grease. Simultaneously, the temperature of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, increasing its fluidity. The second guide member 210 is housed within the second guide groove 208 and adheres to the bottom wall of the second guide groove 208, as shown. Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 17 and Figure 20 As shown, the second guide groove 208 is opened, and the second guide groove 208 guides the grease in the inner region from the small end of the roller 106 to its large end into the annular groove 207, so as to replenish the end face of the large end of the roller 106. After the roller 106 rotates, it can lubricate and cool the contact area between the large end and the flange 205, which to a certain extent avoids excessive wear between the roller 106 and the flange 205, as well as between the roller 106 and the cage 103, and suppresses the rapid rise of the maximum temperature in the contact area between the large end of the roller 106 and the flange 205.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0046] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant bearing for rail transit, characterized in that, The system includes an outer ring, an inner ring, and two retainers positioned opposite each other. Each retainer includes multiple slats evenly distributed circumferentially. A window opening for receiving rollers is formed between adjacent slats. The rollers are conical with a large end and a small end. The length direction of the slats is parallel to the generatrix of the rollers. An outer region is formed between the retainer and the outer ring, and an inner region is formed between the retainer and the inner ring. Both the outer and inner regions are filled with grease. A receiving groove is formed on one side of the slat located in the outer region. A first guide member is provided within the receiving groove, and the length direction of the first guide member is parallel to the length direction of the slats. The first guide member is made of shape memory alloy and is set at an angle. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is less than a first preset value, the first guide member extends out of the receiving groove and guides the grease in the outer region from the large end to the small end of the roller. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the first guide member is received in the receiving groove. The window beam has two guide surfaces on one side of the inner region. The guide surfaces are recessed inward to form a first guide groove. The two guide surfaces are used to guide the grease in the inner region from the middle of the window beam to the window openings on both sides. The first guide groove is connected to the window opening.

2. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular, coaxial flange is formed on the outer side of the inner ring, located at the large end of the roller, to restrict axial movement of the roller. The cage also includes a first ring body located at the large end of the roller, with an annular groove formed on the inner side of the first ring body. The opening of the annular groove faces and fits against the end face of the large end of the roller. A second guide groove is formed on one side of the window beam located in the inner region. The second guide groove is arranged along the length of the window beam and communicates with the annular groove. When the temperature of the grease in the inner region is less than a second preset value, the second guide groove is blocked. When the temperature of the grease in the inner region is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second guide groove is opened, and the second guide groove guides the grease in the inner region from the small end of the roller to its large end.

3. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second guide groove is located between the two guide surfaces. The second guide groove is provided with a sheet-shaped second guide member that matches its size. The second guide member is made of shape memory alloy. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner area is less than the second preset value, the second guide member protrudes and covers the second guide groove, thus blocking the second guide groove. The second guide member guides the grease in the inner area from the middle of the window beam to the guide surfaces on both sides. When the temperature value of the grease in the inner area is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second guide member is received in the second guide groove and fits against the bottom wall of the second guide groove, thus opening the second guide groove.

4. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide member is in the shape of a sheet. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is less than the first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member protrudes from its two ends and extends out of the receiving groove. When the temperature of the grease in the outer region is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the middle part of the first guide member is flush with its two ends so that the first guide member is received in the receiving groove.

5. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first guide members are evenly distributed along the length of the window beam.

6. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide groove is evenly distributed in multiple directions along the length of the window beam.

7. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple first guide grooves on the two guide surfaces are staggered along the length of the window beam.

8. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the first guide groove relative to the guide surface is equal everywhere.

9. The wear-resistant bearing for rail transit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the temperature of the lubricating grease in the inner region is less than the second preset value, the cross-section of the second guide member perpendicular to its length direction is arc-shaped.

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