Anti-vibration hanger rod based on zylon fiber reinforced composite

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of anti-seismic support and hanger pull rod, and particularly relates to an anti-seismic support and hanger pull rod based on ZYLON fiber reinforced composite material. The technical scheme comprises a composite pull rod main body, a metal end head connecting assembly, an intelligent damping unit, a protection and monitoring system, a temperature adjusting structure and a liquid spraying structure. The present application adopts a Zylon gradient composite pull rod, which is light in weight and high in strength. The three-layer structure synchronously realizes bearing, energy consumption and corrosion prevention. The double-stage sleeve is provided with an optical fiber sensor, which can provide early warning for joint debonding. The SMA damping structure efficiently dissipates seismic energy. The automatic temperature control spraying and circulating system is matched, which is suitable for high and low temperature working conditions. The heat exchange liquid is filtered and then recycled and reused. The bottom lifting bearing assembly is convenient for ground maintenance, avoiding the risk of high-altitude operation. The equipment integrates monitoring, damping and temperature control functions, is easy to install, and is suitable for high anti-seismic and corrosion scenes such as nuclear power and hospitals. The comprehensive performance is better than that of the traditional steel pull rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic bracing and tie rod technology, and in particular to a seismic bracing and tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most seismic bracing tie rods are made of carbon steel or stainless steel, which has the following obvious drawbacks: First, its large self-weight significantly increases the building's dead load and reduces installation efficiency. Second, it has poor corrosion resistance and is prone to stress corrosion cracking in highly corrosive environments such as nuclear power plants and coastal areas, resulting in insufficient service safety. Third, steel has low damping and weak vibration reduction and energy consumption, and seismic vibrations are easily transmitted directly to pipelines, making it difficult to meet the protection requirements of high seismic scenarios. Fourth, lacking real-time monitoring capabilities and relying solely on manual inspections, hidden damage cannot be warned in advance. Zylon fiber boasts ultra-high strength and low density, making it widely used in the aerospace field. However, its direct application in seismic tie rods presents technical challenges: the inertness of the fiber surface leads to poor adhesion to the resin interface, making it prone to delamination and creep under cyclic loads; conventional unidirectional plywood structures have weak interlayer energy dissipation capacity; and metal ends are only connected by a single adhesive bond, resulting in stress concentration and low joint reliability. Furthermore, the fiber is not resistant to ultraviolet aging and lacks an integrated protection and online monitoring system.

[0003] Existing metal tie rods and conventional Zylon composite material components cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of lightweight, corrosion resistance, efficient vibration reduction, and intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0004] Therefore, this application proposes a seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art, such as poor shock absorption due to self-weight corrosion of existing steel tie rods, poor interface of ordinary Zylon composite rods, lack of protection and monitoring, and insufficient overall performance. The invention proposes a seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: a seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber reinforced composite material, comprising a composite tie rod body, a metal end connection assembly, an intelligent damping unit, a protection and monitoring system, a temperature regulation structure, and a liquid injection structure; The composite tie rod body is made of modified epoxy resin impregnated with Zylon fiber bundles with a volume content of 60% to 65%, and is formed by 0° / 90° staggered lamination and vacuum injection curing. The tensile strength of the composite tie rod body is ≥2.8GPa and the elastic modulus is ≥180GPa. The composite tie rod body is arranged with a three-layer functional gradient structure along the radial direction. The inner layer of the composite tie rod body is a high fiber load-bearing layer with a fiber volume ratio of 70%. The middle layer of the composite tie rod body is a ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer. The outer layer of the composite tie rod body is a resin protective layer with a thickness of 0.2-0.3mm and doped with carbon nanotubes. The inner cavity of the high fiber load-bearing layer is fixedly installed with a support column. The metal end connection assembly includes a tapered sleeve fixedly installed at one end of the support column. The tapered sleeve is provided with a 5° main locking area and a 15° auxiliary locking area to form a two-stage locking mechanism. One end of the tapered sleeve is bonded to the end of the composite tie rod body through a nano-silica modified epoxy adhesive. An FBG fiber optic sensor for monitoring interface stress is pre-embedded inside the tapered sleeve. The intelligent damping unit includes a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring fixed to the outside of the support column, and the phase transition temperature range of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring is 30℃~50℃. The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring is equipped with a piezoelectric ceramic actuator. The protection and monitoring system includes a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating covering the outside of the resin protective layer and a corrugated sleeve made of 304 stainless steel sleeved outside the coating. The gap between the corrugated sleeve and the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating is filled with silicone damping glue. A distributed optical fiber sensor network is arranged every 50cm along the length of the composite tie rod body. An RFID chip is integrated at the end of the high fiber load-bearing layer. The temperature regulation structure is fixedly covered on the outside of the protection and monitoring system. The temperature regulation structure includes a liquid storage component that is installed around the outside of the composite tie rod body. A temperature regulating component is installed on the outside of the liquid storage component. The liquid jetting structure is configured in conjunction with the temperature regulation structure. The liquid jetting structure includes a liquid spraying component fixedly mounted on the outside of the liquid storage component, and a collection component for recovering the sprayed liquid is installed below the tapered sleeve at the bottom end of the composite tie rod body.

[0007] Optionally, the modified epoxy resin used in the composite tie rod body is E-51 epoxy resin, with 30% liquid crystal polymer and 3% carbon nanotube grafted cellulose added to the matrix. The Zylon fiber is treated with 300W argon plasma for 5 minutes before molding and impregnated with epoxy silane sizing agent.

[0008] Optionally, the composite tie rod body is laid up in 8 layers at 0° and 4 layers at 90°. The vacuum injection process conditions are 80°C and 0.7MPa. The curing process adopts a gradient temperature curing process, which is to keep the temperature at 80°C for 2 hours, at 120°C for 2 hours, and at 150°C for 3 hours.

[0009] Optionally, the tapered sleeve is bonded to the composite tie rod body and then pressurized to form an interface reinforcement layer, and the seismic bracing tie rod is arranged in a 45° diagonal bracing pattern.

[0010] Optionally, the liquid storage assembly includes a support frame that surrounds and is fixed to the outside of the corrugated sheath. A liquid storage tank is fixed on the support frame. An electric heating wire is provided inside the liquid storage tank. An air inlet is opened on the side wall of the liquid storage tank. A dustproof net is threaded onto the air inlet. An air jet is opened on the outside of the liquid storage tank. The outside of the air jet is sealed and connected to the temperature control assembly.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature control component includes a fan fixedly connected to the outside of the jet nozzle, wherein the fan inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the jet nozzle, the inner cavity of the jet nozzle is provided with a moisture isolation layer, the fan outlet is connected to and installed with an air supply pipe, the end of the air supply pipe is equipped with an exhaust fan, the exhaust fan is uniformly arranged with multiple spray nozzles in a circumferential direction, and the outer wall of the liquid storage tank is connected to and assembled with the liquid spraying component.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid spraying assembly includes a guide tube inserted into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank, the lower end of the guide tube extending into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank, a water pump at one end of the guide tube, an output pipe connected to the output end of the water pump, an atomizing nozzle assembled at the end of the output pipe, and the liquid storage tank and the collection assembly pipeline connected.

[0013] Optionally, the collection assembly includes a suspension frame fixed to the bottom of the corrugated sheath, a collection tray installed at the bottom of the suspension frame, a filter layer provided in the inner cavity of the collection tray, a circulation pump mounted on the outside of the collection tray, a water pump connected to the input end of the circulation pump and extending into the inner cavity of the collection tray, and a circulation pipe connected to the output end of the circulation pump and the end of the circulation pipe connected to the inner cavity of the storage tank.

[0014] Optionally, the circulation tube is made of a stretchable flexible hose, and a support component is provided at the bottom of the collection tray.

[0015] Optionally, the load-bearing component includes a ground-mounted load-bearing column, on which a screw lifting component is mounted. A tray is fixedly installed at the lifting end of the screw lifting component, and the top surface of the tray is vertically aligned with the bottom surface of the collection tray.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention uses a Zylon fiber gradient composite tie rod body, which has outstanding advantages in mechanical performance and lightweight design. The composite rod has a fiber volume content of 60% to 65%, and its tensile strength and elastic modulus are far superior to those of traditional carbon steel tie rods. The overall weight is only one-fifth of that of steel, and the entire support system is 76% lighter. The three-layer gradient structure of the rod body takes into account both load-bearing and energy dissipation. The middle diagonal layer can dissipate seismic energy autonomously, and the outer carbon nanotube resin layer blocks salt spray and water vapor. After plasma modification treatment, the interfacial bonding strength of the fiber is greatly improved, and it is not prone to delamination creep in the long term. It is equipped with a double-stage locking conical sleeve joint, which has high bonding load-bearing efficiency. The internally embedded FBG optical fiber can monitor the interfacial stress in real time. The 45° diagonal bracing arrangement can resist seismic loads in both directions. The nickel-titanium alloy energy dissipation ring and piezoelectric ceramic form an intelligent damping system, which can quickly and collaboratively dissipate energy under seismic excitation, and the vibration and resonance amplitude is greatly reduced. It can meet the requirements of high-level seismic fortification without the need for additional external damping. The external multi-layer wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant protective structure is equipped with a distributed optical fiber and RFID wireless monitoring system, which can automatically upload component health data, eliminating the need for manual inspection at height and greatly reducing the maintenance cost throughout the entire life cycle. The integrated adaptive temperature control and atomized spray circulation system ensures stable operation under all working conditions. A liquid storage and temperature regulation component is installed around the rod. At low temperatures, the electric heating medium, in conjunction with a fan, delivers hot airflow to maintain the normal phase change temperature of the shape memory alloy damping ring. At high temperatures, a cooling airflow is first delivered for pre-cooling, and then the heat exchange liquid is sprayed through atomized nozzles, relying on evaporation for rapid heat dissipation and simultaneously completing the self-cleaning of the rod's outer wall. The sprayed liquid is collected uniformly from the bottom collection tray, filtered to remove impurities, and then returned to the storage tank via a stretchable hose for reuse, reducing the frequency of medium refilling. The stretchable pipeline adapts to the thermal expansion and contraction of the rod and minor seismic deformation, preventing pipeline stretching and leakage. The air nozzle has a built-in hydrophobic isolation layer, and the air inlet is equipped with a removable dustproof screen, ensuring smooth airflow and a low equipment failure rate during long-term use. Equipped with a lifting and load-bearing component, it offers convenient installation and maintenance with high safety. The ground-mounted load-bearing column, paired with a screw-driven lifting tray, can support the liquid collection tray daily, sharing the load and reducing fatigue and deformation of the suspension frame. During maintenance, workers can directly stand on the tray to clean filters, nozzles, and protective sleeves without the need for scaffolding, eliminating the risk of falls from heights. This invention integrates load-bearing and shock absorption, long-term corrosion protection, intelligent monitoring, temperature control, liquid circulation, and convenient maintenance functions into one integrated system. It features a high degree of factory prefabrication and simple on-site assembly, making it widely applicable in high-seismic-resistance and high-corrosion environments such as nuclear power plants, hospitals, and data centers. Its overall service life and safety performance are significantly superior to traditional metal seismic bracing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the composite tie rod body; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal end connector assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protection and monitoring system. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature regulation structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid spraying assembly. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the collection components.

[0018] Figure label: 1. Composite tie rod body; 11. High fiber load-bearing layer; 12. Diagonal energy dissipation layer; 13. Resin protective layer; 2. Metal end connector assembly; 21. Conical sleeve; 211. Main locking area; 212. Auxiliary locking area; 22. Nano-silica modified epoxy adhesive; 23. FBG fiber optic sensor; 3. Intelligent damping unit; 31. Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring; 32. Piezoelectric ceramic actuator; 4. Protection and monitoring system; 41. Polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating; 42. Corrugated sheath; 43. Silicon-based damping adhesive; 44. Distributed fiber optic sensor network; 45. RFID chip; 5. Temperature regulation structure; 51. Liquid storage assembly; 511. Support frame; 512. Liquid storage tank; 513. Heating wire; 514. Air inlet; 515. Dustproof net; 516. Jet nozzle; 52. Temperature control assembly; 521. Fan; 522. Isolation layer; 523. Gas supply pipe; 524. Exhaust fan coil unit; 525. Jet nozzle; 6. Liquid spray structure; 61. Liquid spraying assembly; 611. Guide pipe; 612. Water pump; 613. Output pipe; 614. Atomizing nozzle; 62. Collection assembly; 621. Suspension bracket; 622. Collection tray; 623. Filter layer; 624. Circulation pump; 625. Pumping pipe; 626. Circulation pipe; 7. Load-bearing components; 71. Load-bearing columns; 72. Screw lifting components; 73. Pallets. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other. Example

[0020] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention proposes a seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber reinforced composite material, comprising a composite tie rod body 1, a metal end connection assembly 2, an intelligent damping unit 3, a protection and monitoring system 4, a temperature regulation structure 5, and a liquid injection structure 6. Through the cooperation of the above components, the seismic bracing tie rod of this application can be used in seismic constraint scenarios of high seismic resistance and high corrosion of electromechanical pipelines such as nuclear power plants, hospitals, and data centers, replacing traditional carbon steel and stainless steel seismic tie rods, and realizing integrated functions of lightweight, long-term corrosion protection, adaptive energy consumption, real-time health monitoring, and all-condition temperature stability protection. The composite tie rod body 1 is made of modified epoxy resin impregnated with Zylon fiber bundles with a volume content of 60%–65%, and is formed by 0° / 90° staggered lamination and vacuum injection curing. The tensile strength of the composite tie rod body 1 is ≥2.8GPa, and the elastic modulus is ≥180GPa. The preferred volume content of Zylon fiber bundles is 62%. After molding, the measured tensile strength is 2.92GPa and the elastic modulus is 186GPa, which are far higher than the mechanical properties of conventional carbon steel tie rods. The overall rod density is only 1 / 5 of that of steel, and the weight per meter is 0.92kg. Compared with traditional tie rods, the entire support and hanger system is significantly improved. The steel tie rod is 76% lighter. The composite tie rod body has 8 layers of 0° layup and 4 layers of 90° layup. The vacuum infusion process conditions are 80℃ and 0.7MPa. The curing adopts a gradient temperature curing process, which is 80℃ for 2 hours, 120℃ for 2 hours and 150℃ for 3 hours. Argon plasma treatment removes the inert layer on the surface of Zylon fiber. After being combined with epoxy silane sizing agent, the shear strength of the fiber-resin interface is increased by 135%, which effectively inhibits creep and delamination problems under long-term reciprocating seismic loads and is suitable for long-term service environments with high humidity and salt spray in coastal areas and nuclear power plants. Furthermore, the composite tie rod body 1 is arranged with a three-layer functional gradient structure along the radial direction. The inner layer of the composite tie rod body 1 is a high-fiber load-bearing layer 11 with a fiber volume ratio of 70%. The middle layer of the composite tie rod body 1 is a ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer 12. The outer layer of the composite tie rod body 1 is a resin protective layer 13 with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 mm and doped with carbon nanotubes. The inner cavity of the high-fiber load-bearing layer 11 is fixedly installed with a support column 14. The outer resin protective layer 13 has a thickness of 0.25 mm. The middle ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer 12 can attenuate 15% to 20% of seismic energy by relying on interlayer shear. The carbon nanotubes form a three-dimensional interwoven reinforcement network inside the resin, which increases the compressive strength of the composite tie rod by 40% and at the same time prevents water vapor and salt from penetrating inward. The metal end connection assembly 2 includes a tapered sleeve 21 fixedly installed at one end of the support column 14. The tapered sleeve 21 is provided with a 5° main locking area 211 and a 15° auxiliary locking area 212 to form a double-stage locking mechanism. The main locking area 211 bears 80% of the load, and the auxiliary locking area 212 is used to prevent overload failure. One end of the tapered sleeve 21 is bonded to the end of the composite tie rod body 1 through a nano-silica modified epoxy adhesive 22. An FBG fiber optic sensor 23 for monitoring interface stress is pre-embedded inside the tapered sleeve 21. The double-stage tapered sleeve 21 is integrally forged. After the nano-silica modified epoxy adhesive 22 is cured under pressure, the joint bearing efficiency reaches 92%. Three sets of FBG fiber optic sensors 23 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the sleeve, which can capture the bonding interface slippage and debonding stress signals in all directions and provide early warning of end failure risk. Since the intelligent damping unit 3 includes a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring 31 fixed outside the support column 14, and the phase transition temperature range of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring 31 is 30℃~50℃, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring 31 is equipped with a piezoelectric ceramic actuator 32. When the strain of the composite tie rod body 1 is greater than 0.5% or the sensor detects an earthquake frequency of 3Hz~8Hz, the piezoelectric ceramic actuator 32 drives the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring 31 to start the energy dissipation mechanism. The SMA energy dissipation ring is nested at the connection position between the conical sleeve 21 and the composite rod body, and works in conjunction with the middle oblique energy dissipation layer 12. The overall seismic energy dissipation rate is ≥35%, the seismic vibration transmission rate is reduced to 0.38, the vibration reduction is 39% compared with ordinary steel tie rods, and the resonance amplitude can be attenuated by 60%~70%. A protection and monitoring system 4 is added. The protection and monitoring system 4 includes a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating 41 covering the outside of the resin protective layer 13 and a corrugated sleeve 42 made of 304 stainless steel sleeved outside the coating. The gap between the corrugated sleeve 42 and the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating 41 is filled with silicone damping glue 43. A distributed optical fiber sensor network 44 is arranged every 50cm along the length of the composite tie rod body 1. An RFID chip 45 is integrated at the end of the high fiber load-bearing layer 11. The distributed optical fiber sensor network 44 and the RFID chip 45 communicate with the BIM operation and maintenance platform through the LoRa wireless transmission module to collect and upload tie rod strain, temperature and corrosion status data in real time. The modified epoxy resin used in the main body 1 of the composite tie rod is E-51 epoxy resin. 30% liquid crystal polymer and 3% carbon nanotube-grafted cellulose are added to the matrix. Before Zylon fiber molding, it is treated with 300W argon plasma for 5 minutes and impregnated with epoxy silane sizing agent. Silicon-based damping adhesive 43 completely fills the gap between the sheath and the coating, providing a triple function of buffering, sealing, and heat insulation. The entire protective structure has undergone a 3000-hour neutral salt spray test without corrosion or peeling. After the fiber optic data is wirelessly uploaded to the BIM platform, a component health report is automatically generated, eliminating the need for manual inspection at heights and reducing the component's life-cycle maintenance cost by 25%.

[0021] The tapered sleeve 21 is bonded to the composite tie rod body 1 and then pressurized to form an interface reinforcement layer. The overall installation structure of the support and hanger is that the upper end is connected to the anchor with a universal hinge and the lower end is connected to the tube bundle assembly. The seismic support and hanger tie rod is arranged in a 45° diagonal brace. During field installation, the universal hinge can adapt to the slight installation deviation of the building top plate. The 45° diagonal brace arrangement can resist the horizontal longitudinal and lateral bidirectional seismic forces at the same time. The whole structure can meet the high-level seismic fortification requirements without the need for additional external dampers. Example

[0022] Reference manual attached Figure 1 , Figure 5 Based on Embodiment 1, a temperature regulation structure 5 is added and fixedly covers the outside of the protection and monitoring system 4. The temperature regulation structure 5 includes a liquid storage component 51 that surrounds and is installed on the outside of the composite tie rod body 1. The liquid storage component 51 includes a support frame 511 that surrounds and is fixed on the outside of the corrugated sheath 42. A liquid storage tank 512 is fixed on the support frame 511. An electric heating wire 513 is provided in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank 512. The electric heating wire 513 is linked with the distributed optical fiber sensor network 44. When the ambient temperature of the optical fiber acquisition rod is lower than 30°C, The heating element 513 automatically starts to heat the heat exchange medium inside the liquid storage tank 512, maintaining the basic temperature required for the phase change of the SMA energy consumption ring. An air inlet 514 is opened on the side wall of the liquid storage tank 512. The air inlet 514 is threaded with a dustproof net 515. The dustproof net 515 can be unscrewed and cleaned separately to prevent ceiling dust and floating impurities from entering the liquid storage tank 512 and blocking the air jet 516. Long-term use ensures smooth airflow. An air jet 516 is opened on the outside of the liquid storage tank 512. The outside of the air jet 516 is sealed and connected to the temperature control component 52. Since the liquid storage component 51 is equipped with a temperature control component 52, the two can work together to achieve temperature regulation of the anti-seismic support rod. The temperature control component 52 includes a fan 521 fixedly connected to the outside of the jet nozzle 516. The air inlet of the fan 521 is connected to the inner cavity of the jet nozzle 516. The inner cavity of the jet nozzle 516 is provided with a moisture isolation layer 522. The moisture isolation layer 522 is made of hydrophobic and breathable non-woven fabric to prevent water vapor in the liquid storage tank 512 from entering the fan 521 and causing a short circuit in the motor, while ensuring normal airflow of hot and cold air. The air outlet of the fan 521 is connected to an air supply pipe 523. The end of the air supply pipe 523 is equipped with an exhaust fan 524. The exhaust fan 524 has multiple jet nozzles 525 evenly arranged in a circumferential direction. In low-temperature environments, the fan 521 can be activated. The fan 521 can transmit airflow inside the liquid storage tank 512 through the jet nozzle 516 on the liquid storage tank 512. Since the liquid storage tank 512 contains liquid, the liquid can cool the gas. The liquid storage tank 512 can also draw in external gas through the air inlet 514 in conjunction with the dustproof net 515. The drawn-in gas is filtered through the dustproof net 515 to achieve the introduction of clean air. Finally, the gas passes through the moisture isolation layer 522 inside the jet nozzle 516 for moisture filtration. In this way, the cooled gas can be transmitted to the gas delivery pipe 523 through the fan 521. The gas delivery pipe 523 then sprays low-temperature airflow onto the entire seismic support tie rod through several jet nozzles 525 on the exhaust fan 524 to achieve the cooling function. In low-temperature environments, the heating wire 513 is activated to heat the gas, thus transmitting the hot airflow and achieving the heat preservation function. Example

[0023] Reference manual attached Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 Based on Embodiment 2, the liquid jet structure 6 is matched with the temperature regulation structure 5. The liquid jet structure 6 includes a liquid spraying component 61 fixedly mounted on the outside of the liquid storage component 51. The outer wall of the liquid storage tank 512 is connected to the liquid spraying component 61. The liquid spraying component 61 includes a guide pipe 611 inserted into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank 512. The lower end of the guide pipe 611 extends into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank 512. One end of the guide pipe 611 is equipped with a water pump 612, which is also powered by distributed light. The fiber sensor network 44 is linked for control. When the temperature of the support rod is higher than 50℃, the water pump 612 automatically starts to draw heat exchange liquid. The output end of the water pump 612 is connected to the output pipe 613. The end of the output pipe 613 is equipped with an atomizing nozzle 614. The atomizing nozzle 614 sprays atomized heat exchange liquid towards the outer wall of the 304 stainless steel corrugated sheath 42. The liquid evaporates quickly to remove the heat from the surface of the support rod, greatly improving the cooling efficiency. The liquid storage tank 512 is connected to the collection component 62 in the pipeline. A collection component 62 for recovering spray liquid is installed below the tapered sleeve 21 at the bottom end of the composite tie rod body 1. The collection component 62 catches all the falling spray liquid, preventing liquid dripping and contaminating the pipelines, ceiling insulation layer, or electrical equipment below. The collection component 62 includes a suspension bracket 621 fixed to the bottom end of the corrugated sleeve 42. A collection tray 622 is installed at the bottom of the suspension bracket 621. The inner cavity of the collection tray 622 is provided with a filter layer 623, which intercepts dust and rust debris, preventing impurities from entering. The circulation pipe 626 blocks the atomizing nozzle 614. A circulation pump 624 is installed on the outside of the collection tray 622. The input end of the circulation pump 624 is connected to a water suction pipe 625, which extends into the inner cavity of the collection tray 622. The output end of the circulation pump 624 is connected to the circulation pipe 626, and the end of the circulation pipe 626 is connected to the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank 512. After collection and filtration, the sprayed liquid is all returned to the liquid storage tank 512 for recycling. There is no need for frequent manual replenishment of heat exchange medium, thus achieving a closed and leak-free circulating heat exchange. To improve the cooling or insulation effect of the seismic bracing tie rod, the water pump 612 can be started. The water pump 612 can transfer the liquid inside the liquid storage tank 512 through the guide pipe 611. The transferred liquid can be sprayed with low temperature liquid or heated airflow onto the surface of the seismic bracing tie rod in conjunction with the atomizing nozzle 614 at one end of the output pipe 613, thereby accelerating the heating and insulation effect. At the same time, the sprayed liquid can also clean the surface of the seismic bracing tie rod. The sprayed liquid can then drip directly onto the surface of the filter layer 623 on the collection tray 622, allowing the collection tray 622 to collect the liquid. Subsequently, solid-liquid separation is performed using the filter layer 623. The circulation pump 624, along with the water suction pipe 625, can then be activated to transfer the filtered liquid to the circulation pipe 626. The liquid can then be transferred to the storage tank 512 through the circulation pipe 626, thus achieving effective recycling of the liquid. When replenishing the storage tank 512, the replenishing water can be poured directly onto the collection tray 622, and finally, the circulation pump 624 can be used to introduce the liquid. Example

[0024] Based on Embodiment 3, the circulation pipe 626 is made of stretchable flexible hose material. Therefore, the length of the circulation pipe 626 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation. The stretchable circulation pipe 626 can adapt to the slight axial displacement caused by seismic load and thermal expansion and contraction of the composite tie rod body 1, avoiding joint leakage and breakage caused by rigid pipe pulling. The bottom of the collection tray 622 is equipped with a bearing component 7. The setting of the bearing component 7 improves the support strength of the tray 73, and also facilitates the maintenance and cleaning work of the entire seismic support tie rod by the staff. Since the load-bearing component 7 includes a floor-mounted load-bearing column 71, and a screw lifting component 72 is mounted on the load-bearing column 71, the screw lifting component 72 includes a limiting groove formed on the surface of the load-bearing column 71. A lifting motor is installed in the inner cavity of the limiting groove, and a screw is fixedly installed at the output end of the lifting motor. A lifting block is installed at one end of the screw, and a tray 73 is fixedly installed at the lifting end of the screw lifting component 72. The tray 73 is fixed to the outside of the lifting block, thereby cooperating with the screw lifting component 72 to realize the height adjustment of the tray 73. The top surface of the tray 73 is vertically aligned with the bottom surface of the collection tray 622, and the screw lifting component 72 can adjust the tray 73 vertically on site. The height of the pallet 73 supports the collection tray 622, sharing the weight of the liquid and reducing the fatigue of the suspension frame 621 under long-term load, thus reducing the risk of deformation and cracking of the suspension frame 621. The bottom of the load-bearing column 71 is equipped with an expansion foot, which can be fixed to the building ground. It is suitable for machine rooms and underground pipe corridors with low floor height and solid ground underneath. The pallet 73 is widened and thickened, which has a stable load-bearing capacity. Workers can stand directly on the pallet 73 to disassemble and clean the filter layer 623 inside the collection tray 622 and inspect and maintain the pipe joints at close range without the need to erect mobile scaffolding, simplifying the maintenance process and eliminating the risk of falling from heights.

[0025] Complete work process steps: Step 1: Pre-fabricate the composite tie rod body 1, metal end connection components 2, intelligent damping unit 3, and protection and monitoring system 4 in the factory as a whole; on site, arrange the entire tie rod with 45° diagonal bracing, with the upper tapered sleeve 21 connected to the building roof anchor via universal hinge, and the lower tapered sleeve 21 connected to the electromechanical pipe bundle; surround the temperature regulating structure 5 and liquid spraying structure 6 around the outside of the corrugated sleeve 42, suspend and install the collection component 62 at the bottom, and place the load-bearing component 7 on the ground; adjust the screw lifting component 72 so that the tray 73 supports the collection tray 622, and complete the assembly of the whole machine; Step 2: Under normal building conditions without earthquakes or extreme high or low temperatures, the composite tie rod main body 1 relies on the high fiber load-bearing layer 11 to bear the vertical load of the pipeline, and the ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer 12 buffers minor daily vibrations; the FBG fiber optic sensor 23 monitors the stress at the bonding interface between the tapered sleeve 21 and the rod in real time, the distributed fiber optic sensor network 44 collects the overall strain and temperature data of the rod throughout the process, and the RFID chip 45 uploads the component's identity and health status to the BIM platform at regular intervals; Step 3: Under normal building conditions without earthquakes or extreme high or low temperatures, the composite tie rod main body 1 relies on the high fiber load-bearing layer 11 to bear the vertical load of the pipeline, and the ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer 12 buffers minor daily vibrations; the FBG fiber optic sensor 23 monitors the stress at the bonding interface between the tapered sleeve 21 and the rod in real time, the distributed fiber optic sensor network 44 collects the overall strain and temperature data of the rod throughout the process, and the RFID chip 45 uploads the component's identity and health status to the BIM platform at regular intervals; Step 4: When the ambient temperature of the fiber optic monitoring pole is below 30℃, the heating wire 513 is automatically activated to heat the heat exchange medium inside the liquid storage tank 512; the fan 521 is activated to draw the hot airflow inside the liquid storage tank 512. The airflow is filtered through the air inlet 514 and the dustproof net 515, and after passing through the moisture isolation layer 522 to remove water vapor, it is transported to the exhaust fan 524 through the air supply pipe 523. The hot airflow is sprayed out from the circumferential jet nozzle 525 to continuously heat the composite tie rod body 1, maintaining the phase change temperature range of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy consumption ring 31 between 30℃ and 50℃, ensuring that the damping energy consumption function is always available. Step 5: When the temperature of the fiber optic detection rod exceeds 50℃, first start the fan 521 to deliver cooling airflow from the liquid storage tank 512 to initially cool the rod; simultaneously, automatically start the water pump 612, which draws heat exchange liquid from the liquid storage tank 512 through the guide pipe 611 and delivers it to the atomizing nozzle 614 through the output pipe 613, spraying atomized liquid onto the outer wall of the corrugated sheath 42. The liquid evaporates quickly to remove heat from the surface of the rod, achieving efficient cooling. At the same time, the atomized liquid washes the outer wall of the sheath, completing the self-cleaning of the component surface. Step Six: All the heat exchange liquid from the atomized spray falls into the collection tray 622 below, where it passes through the filter layer 623 to intercept dust and rust debris, completing solid-liquid filtration. The circulation pump 624 is started, and the filtered clean liquid is drawn through the water pipe 625 and returned to the storage tank 512 through the stretchable circulation pipe 626, realizing a closed-loop circulation of the heat exchange medium without the need for frequent manual replenishment. If the medium is lost, liquid can be directly added to the collection tray 622, and the circulation system will automatically replenish the storage tank 512. Step 7: When the distributed optical fiber sensor network 44 detects that the strain of the tie rod is greater than 0.5% or the seismic vibration frequency is between 3Hz and 8Hz, the piezoelectric ceramic actuator 32 immediately drives the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring 31 to start phase change energy dissipation. The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy dissipation ring 31 works in concert with the ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer 12 in the middle layer of the composite tie rod to absorb and dissipate seismic energy through interlayer shear and SMA phase change, thereby weakening the longitudinal and lateral seismic impact forces in both directions, reducing the vibration transmissibility, and suppressing the resonance amplitude. Step 8: Under the action of seismic reciprocating load, if the bonding interface between the tapered sleeve 21 and the composite tie rod body 1 shows a tendency to slip or debond, the FBG fiber optic sensor 23 embedded inside the sleeve captures the abnormal stress signal and transmits it to the BIM operation and maintenance platform in real time. The system automatically generates a component failure early warning report and pushes maintenance reminders to avoid tie rod end breakage and pipeline detachment accidents. Step 9: Under normal operating conditions, the PTFE wear-resistant coating 41 and the corrugated sheath 42 isolate external dust, salt spray, and water vapor; the silicone damping rubber 43 in the gap between the sheath and the coating continuously plays a buffering, sealing, and heat insulation role, resisting the erosion of highly corrosive environments such as coastal areas and nuclear power plants; the entire protective structure reduces the frictional loss of the rods and inhibits the long-term load creep and delamination of the Zylon composite rods. Step 10: Maintenance personnel stand directly on the tray 73 of the supporting component 7 without erecting scaffolding; lower the tray 73 using the screw lifting component 72, remove the collection tray 622 to clean impurities from the filter layer 623; disassemble the dustproof net 515, atomizing nozzle 614, and corrugated sleeve 42 in sequence to complete cleaning and maintenance; check the bonding interface of the conical sleeve 21, the fiber optic sensing line, and the integrity of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy consumption ring 31; after maintenance, reset all components and restore the equipment to automatic operation mode.

[0026] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material, characterized in that, It includes a composite tie rod body (1), a metal end connection assembly (2), an intelligent damping unit (3), a protection and monitoring system (4), a temperature regulation structure (5), and a liquid injection structure (6). The composite tie rod body (1) is made of modified epoxy resin impregnated with Zylon fiber bundles with a volume content of 60% to 65%, and is formed by 0° / 90° staggered lamination and vacuum injection curing. The composite tie rod body (1) has a tensile strength ≥2.8GPa and an elastic modulus ≥180GPa. The composite tie rod body (1) is provided with a three-layer functional gradient structure in the radial direction. The inner layer of the composite tie rod body (1) is a high fiber load-bearing layer (11) with a fiber volume ratio of 70%. The middle layer of the composite tie rod body (1) is a ±45° oblique energy dissipation layer (12). The outer layer of the composite tie rod body (1) is a resin protective layer (13) with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 mm and doped with carbon nanotubes. The inner cavity of the high fiber load-bearing layer (11) is fixedly installed with a support column (14). The metal end connection assembly (2) includes a tapered sleeve (21) fixedly installed at one end of the support column (14). The tapered sleeve (21) is provided with a 5° main locking area (211) and a 15° auxiliary locking area (212) to form a double-stage locking mechanism. One end of the tapered sleeve (21) is bonded to the end of the composite tie rod body (1) through a nano-silica modified epoxy adhesive (22). An FBG fiber optic sensor (23) for monitoring interface stress is pre-embedded inside the tapered sleeve (21). The intelligent damping unit (3) includes a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy consumption ring (31) fixed outside the support column (14), and the phase transition temperature range of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy consumption ring (31) is 30℃~50℃. The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy energy consumption ring (31) is equipped with a piezoelectric ceramic actuator (32). The protection and monitoring system (4) includes a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating (41) covering the outside of the resin protective layer (13) and a corrugated sleeve (42) made of 304 stainless steel sleeved outside the coating. The gap between the corrugated sleeve (42) and the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating (41) is filled with silicone damping glue (43). A distributed optical fiber sensor network (44) is arranged every 50cm along the length of the composite tie rod body (1). An RFID chip (45) is integrated at the end of the high fiber load-bearing layer (11). The temperature regulation structure (5) is fixedly covered on the outside of the protection and monitoring system (4). The temperature regulation structure (5) includes a liquid storage component (51) that is installed around the outside of the composite tie rod body (1). A temperature regulating component (52) is installed on the outside of the liquid storage component (51). The liquid jet structure (6) is matched with the temperature regulation structure (5). The liquid jet structure (6) includes a liquid spraying component (61) fixedly mounted on the outside of the liquid storage component (51). A collection component (62) for recovering sprayed liquid is installed below the tapered sleeve (21) at the bottom end of the composite tie rod body (1).

2. The seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified epoxy resin used in the composite tie rod body (1) is E-51 epoxy resin. 30% liquid crystal polymer and 3% carbon nanotube grafted cellulose are added to the matrix. Zylon fiber is treated with 300W argon plasma for 5min before molding and impregnated with epoxy silane sizing agent.

3. The seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite tie rod body (1) has a layering method of 8 layers at 0° and 4 layers at 90°. The vacuum injection process conditions are 80°C and 0.7MPa. The curing adopts a gradient temperature curing process, which is 80°C for 2 hours, 120°C for 2 hours, and 150°C for 3 hours.

4. The seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tapered sleeve (21) is bonded to the composite tie rod body (1) and then pressurized to form an interface reinforcement layer. The seismic support tie rod is arranged in a 45° diagonal bracing pattern.

5. The seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage assembly (51) includes a support frame (511) that is fixed around the outside of the corrugated sheath (42). A liquid storage tank (512) is fixed on the support frame (511). An electric heating wire (513) is provided in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank (512). An air inlet (514) is opened on the side wall of the liquid storage tank (512). A dustproof net (515) is threaded onto the air inlet (514). An air jet (516) is opened on the outside of the liquid storage tank (512). The outside of the air jet (516) is sealed and connected to the temperature control assembly (52).

6. A seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature control component (52) includes a fan (521) fixedly connected to the outside of the jet nozzle (516), wherein the air inlet of the fan (521) is connected to the inner cavity of the jet nozzle (516), the inner cavity of the jet nozzle (516) is provided with a moisture isolation layer (522), the air outlet of the fan (521) is connected to and installed with an air supply pipe (523), the end of the air supply pipe (523) is equipped with an exhaust fan (524), the exhaust fan (524) is evenly arranged with multiple spray nozzles (525) in a circumferential direction, and the outer wall of the liquid storage tank (512) is connected to and assembled with the liquid spraying component (61).

7. A seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid spraying assembly (61) includes a guide pipe (611) inserted into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank (512). The lower end of the guide pipe (611) extends into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank (512). A water pump (612) is provided at one end of the guide pipe (611). An output pipe (613) is connected to the output end of the water pump (612). An atomizing nozzle (614) is installed at the end of the output pipe (613). The liquid storage tank (512) is connected to the collection assembly (62) via pipeline.

8. A seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The collection assembly (62) includes a suspension bracket (621) fixed to the bottom of the corrugated sleeve (42). A collection tray (622) is installed at the bottom of the suspension bracket (621). A filter layer (623) is provided in the inner cavity of the collection tray (622). A circulation pump (624) is assembled on the outside of the collection tray (622). A water pump (625) is connected to the input end of the circulation pump (624), and the water pump (625) extends into the inner cavity of the collection tray (622). A circulation pipe (626) is connected to the output end of the circulation pump (624), and the end of the circulation pipe (626) is connected to the inner cavity of the storage tank (512).

9. A seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circulation pipe (626) is made of stretchable hose material, and the bottom of the collection tray (622) is equipped with a support component (7).

10. A seismic bracing tie rod based on ZYLON fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that, The load-bearing component (7) includes a ground-mounted load-bearing column (71), on which a screw lifting component (72) is mounted. A tray (73) is fixedly installed at the lifting end of the screw lifting component (72), and the top surface of the tray (73) is correspondingly arranged above and below the bottom surface of the collection tray (622).

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