Thermal management device and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application provides a heat management device, comprising a flow channel part and a sound attenuation part, the flow channel part has a flow channel, the sound attenuation part has a sound attenuation cavity and a sound attenuation port, the sound attenuation cavity, the sound attenuation port and the flow channel are communicated; the flow area of the sound attenuation port is smaller than the flow area of the sound attenuation cavity, the sound attenuation part comprises a first body part and a second body part, the first body part extends along the radial direction of the sound attenuation part, the second body part extends along the axial direction of the sound attenuation part, the first body part and the second body part are connected, a first included angle is formed between the first body part and the second body part, the first included angle is located in the sound attenuation cavity, and the first included angle is an acute angle or a right angle, so that the noise reduction performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a thermal management device and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, a thermal management device includes a flow channel section. The flow channel section has a flow channel. In order to reduce the noise generated by the fluid flow during the operation of the thermal management device, a silencing section is added. The silencing section has a silencing cavity and a silencing port. The silencing cavity and the silencing port are connected to the flow channel. Although it can achieve a partial noise reduction effect, there is still a large noise impact due to the high pressure impact on the heat exchange fluid medium in the thermal management device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The inventors discovered that the design of both the silencing port and the silencing cavity affects the silencing effect.

[0004] This application provides a thermal management device, including a flow channel and a silencing section. The flow channel has a flow channel, and the silencing section has a silencing cavity and a silencing port. The silencing cavity and the silencing port are connected to the flow channel. The flow area of ​​the silencing port is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity. The silencing section includes a first body and a second body. The first body extends radially along the silencing section, and the second body extends axially along the silencing section. The first body and the second body are connected, and a first included angle is formed between the first body and the second body. The first included angle is located in the silencing cavity, and the first included angle is an acute angle or a right angle.

[0005] The thermal management device provided in this application has a silencing port with a flow area smaller than that of the silencing cavity. The silencing part includes a first body and a second body, with a first included angle between the first body and the second body. The first included angle is located in the silencing cavity and is an acute angle or a right angle. When the heat exchange fluid medium of the thermal management device enters the larger pipe opening (silencing cavity) from the smaller pipe opening (silencing port) with almost no buffering, the volume increases instantaneously, and the sound of the heat exchange fluid suddenly diffuses from concentration. The sound pressure difference between the silencing port and the silencing cavity is large, thereby improving the noise reduction performance.

[0006] This application provides a manufacturing method comprising the following steps: providing a core and a mold, assembling the core and the mold to form a cavity, the cavity including a first cavity and a second cavity; providing molten metal, pouring the molten metal into the cavity, and after the molten metal solidifies, disassembling the core from the mold, obtaining a first body portion from the first cavity, and obtaining a second body portion from the second cavity, thereby obtaining a casting of a silencing portion and a runner portion, wherein the first body portion and the second body portion have a first included angle, the first included angle being located in the silencing cavity, and the first included angle being an acute angle or a right angle.

[0007] This application provides a manufacturing method capable of preparing a casting that produces a noise reduction section and a flow channel section, wherein the first included angle between the integral part of the noise reduction section and the second integral part is an acute angle or a right angle to improve noise reduction performance.

[0008] This application provides a thermal management device, including a flow channel and a silencing section. The flow channel has a flow channel, and the silencing section has a silencing cavity and a silencing port. The silencing cavity and the silencing port are connected to the flow channel. The flow area of ​​the silencing port is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity. A plane perpendicular to the axis of the silencing section is defined as a projection plane. Along the axial direction of the silencing section, the orthographic projection of the silencing cavity onto the projection plane is the silencing cavity projection, and the orthographic projection of the silencing port onto the projection plane is the silencing port projection. There is a distance between the center of the silencing cavity projection and the center of the silencing port projection.

[0009] The thermal management device provided in this application has a flow area of ​​the silencing port that is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity. The orthographic projection of the silencing cavity onto the projection plane is called the silencing cavity projection, and the orthographic projection of the silencing port onto the projection plane is called the silencing port projection. There is a gap between the center of the silencing cavity projection and the center of the silencing port projection, i.e., the silencing port and the silencing cavity are eccentrically designed. When the heat exchange fluid medium of the thermal management device enters the silencing cavity eccentrically from the silencing port, the asymmetric silencing cavity prolongs the propagation path of the fluid sound wave, increases the number of reflections of the sound wave in the silencer, and thus leads to interference cancellation and reduces noise performance.

[0010] This application provides a manufacturing method, including the following steps:

[0011] Provide cores and molds, and combine the cores and molds to form a cavity;

[0012] A molten metal is provided and poured into the cavity. After the molten metal solidifies, the core is removed from the mold to obtain a silencing part casting with an eccentric silencing port and silencing cavity.

[0013] This application provides a manufacturing method that can prepare a noise reduction part with an eccentric noise reduction port and noise reduction cavity to improve noise reduction performance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a thermal management device according to this application;

[0015] Figure 2 Is it like this? Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a thermal management device from another perspective according to this application;

[0016] Figure 3 Is it like this? Figure 1 A partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a thermal management device is shown.

[0017] Figure 4 Is it like this? Figure 3 A partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the thermal management device shown.

[0018] Figure 5 Is it like this? Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the thermal management device shown.

[0019] Figure 6 Is it like this? Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the thermal management device shown;

[0020] Figure 7 Is it like this? Figure 5 A perspective sectional view of a portion of the thermal management device shown.

[0021] Figure 8 Is it like this? Figure 5 A partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the thermal management device from another perspective.

[0022] Figure 9 Is it like this? Figure 5 Enlarged view of the O region structure of the thermal management device shown;

[0023] Figure 10 Is it like this? Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp part and the second limiting part shown.

[0024] Figure 11 Is it like this? Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the silencing chamber, valve assembly, and valve body assembly shown.

[0025] Figure 12 Is it like this? Figure 11 The diagram shows a planar sectional view of the silencing chamber, valve assembly, and valve body assembly.

[0026] Figure 13 Is it like this? Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the silencing cavity, valve assembly, and valve body assembly shown;

[0027] Figure 14 Is it like this? Figure 13 The diagram shows a planar sectional view of the silencing chamber, valve assembly, and valve body assembly.

[0028] Figure 15 Is it like this? Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the silencing port and silencing cavity shown;

[0029] Figure 16 Is it like this? Figure 2 The system diagram of the thermal management device is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] The technical solutions described in this application should be understood by those skilled in the art. For example, directional descriptions such as "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," and "down" are only used to describe the relationship between objects and are not substantive limitations. "Multiple" means at least two or more.

[0033] In related thermal management devices, in order to reduce the noise generated by fluid flow during operation, a silencer can be connected to the valve assembly. In related technologies, the valve assembly and the silencer are generally connected by threads or by welding. However, both of these connection methods have certain drawbacks. For example, if a threaded connection is used, a seal needs to be added at the joint between the valve assembly and the silencer. Otherwise, the sealing performance will be poor, which may lead to the risk of leakage in the thermal management device. Adding a seal increases the cost of the entire thermal management device. If a welding connection is used, the silencer assembly 30 increases the number of weld points in the thermal management device. More weld points will affect the appearance of the product. More importantly, there is still a certain risk of leakage.

[0034] To solve the above problems, the following will refer to Figures 1 to 16 The technical solution of this application may be described in whole or in part by way of the above.

[0035] Please see Figures 4 to 8As shown, the thermal management device includes a valve assembly 1 and a silencing part 2. The valve assembly 1 includes a valve seat part 12 and a valve core part 11. The valve core part 11 is connected to the valve seat part 12. The valve seat part 12 has a valve cavity 121. The valve core part 11 is at least partially located in the valve cavity 121. The valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integral. The valve seat part 12 has a pipe 122. The silencing part 2 has a silencing cavity 21. The pipe 122 can connect the valve cavity 121 and the silencing cavity 21. The thermal management device of this application can be used to connect an outdoor heat exchanger. The thermal management device can be used to connect multiple indoor heat exchangers. The thermal management device can also realize the connection of one outdoor unit to multiple indoor units, so that different indoor units can be controlled and operated independently without affecting the operation of other indoor units. In practical applications, the number of thermal management devices can be arranged and installed according to the actual number of indoor units. The term "integrated component" should be understood as a non-assembled connection. It can be manufactured by casting, forging, stamping, extrusion, metal injection molding, metal powder metallurgy, etc., to create the base material, followed by machining. Alternatively, it can be directly manufactured using methods such as embedding, casting, forging, stamping, extrusion, metal injection molding, and metal powder metallurgy. In some applications, the effect is directly related to the use of integrated extrusion molding. The explanation of "integrated component" can be supplemented as appropriate. At least part of the valve seat 12 and the silencing part 2 are integrated components. Compared to welding, integrated components can reduce welding. On the one hand, it can improve the aesthetics of the thermal management device. More importantly, it can enhance the connection strength between the silencing part 2 and the valve assembly 1. This is because the heat exchange medium needs to pass between the valve assembly 1 and the silencing part 2, and the flow pressure in the flow channel and cavity is relatively large. The connection strength of the two as a whole is better than that of welding and threaded connection. It can also improve the sealing performance of the thermal management device. Compared with threaded connection, the sealing effect is excellent even without the need for a seal. It can also reduce the cost of the product. In addition, the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integrated, including the part of the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 being integrated, and the entire valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 being integrated.

[0036] Specifically, please refer to Figures 4 to 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, one of the solutions is that the silencing part 2 is an integral structure, that is, the silencing part 2 includes a first main body part 22 and a second main body part 23. The first main body part 22 and the valve seat part 12 are integral parts, and the first main body part 22 and the second main body part 23 are integral parts. In other words, the silencing part 2 in this solution also adopts an integral structure. The advantage of setting the silencing part 2 as an integral structure is that it can reduce the number of welding points, improve the sealing performance of the silencing part 2, and improve the connection strength of the silencing part 2. Because the heat exchange medium flows in its silencing cavity, the silencing part 2 will shake to a certain extent during the flow process. The integral structure can improve the overall strength of the silencing part 2 and reduce the risk of damage to the silencing part 2 caused by shaking.

[0037] Another option is to make the muffler part 2 a separate structure; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 As shown, the muffler 2 includes a first main body 22 and a second main body 23. The first main body 22 and the valve seat 12 are integral parts. The first main body 22 and the second main body 23 are assembled and fixed. In other words, the muffler 2 in this scheme adopts a split structure. The assembly and fixing methods can include threaded connection, welding, etc. If a threaded connection is used, a sealing element needs to be added at the connection between the first main body 22 and the second main body 23 to further improve the sealing performance of both. The advantage of the split structure is that if either the first main body 22 or the second main body 23 is damaged, it can be replaced or repaired.

[0038] For further information, please refer to the following: Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the valve seat portion 12 includes a pipe body portion 123 and a seat portion 124, which are integrally formed. The silencing portion 2 is also integrally formed with the pipe body portion 123. The seat portion 124 and the silencing portion 2 are located at different ends of the pipe body portion 123. The pipe body portion 123 has a pipe 122, and the seat portion 124 has a valve cavity 121. The pipe body portion 123 includes a straight pipe section 3-1 and a bent section 3-2. The bent section 3-2 is one or more combinations of a right-angle bend and an arc bend. Because the compressor 13 in the thermal management device flows high-pressure refrigerant into the pipe body portion 123, the pipe body portion... On the one hand, there is a certain degree of high pressure in section 123. On the other hand, if welding is used, there is a possibility of leakage at the connection between section 123 and the silencer section 2, and at the connection between section 123 and the base section 124. Taking both aspects into consideration, section 123 can be partially or entirely composed of bent sections 3-2. Bending sections 3-2 can partially reduce the impact of high-pressure refrigerant and improve the pressure resistance of section 123. Since section 123 and base section 124 are integrated, and silencer section 2 and section 123 are integrated, the possibility of leakage in section 123 can be reduced.

[0039] Please see Figures 4 to 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the pipe body 123 can be configured in three ways, but is not limited to three ways: First, the base 124 and the straight pipe section 3-1 are integral parts, and the straight pipe section 3-1 and the silencing part 2 are integral parts; Second, the base 124 and the bent section 3-2 are integral parts, and the bent section 3-2 and the silencing part 2 are integral parts; Third, the base 124 and the straight pipe section 3-1 are integral parts, the straight pipe section 3-1 and the bent section 3-2 are integral parts, and the bent section 3-2 and the silencing part 2 are integral parts.

[0040] Additionally, in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 to 8As shown, the silencing section 2 has a first silencing port 24 and a second silencing port 25. Along the axial direction of the silencing section 2, the first silencing port 24 and the second silencing port 25 are located on both sides of the silencing cavity 21. The pipe 122 is connected to the first silencing port 24, and both the first silencing port 24 and the second silencing port 25 are connected to the silencing cavity 21. The flow area of ​​the silencing cavity 21 is greater than the flow area of ​​at least one of the pipe 122, the first silencing port 24, and the second silencing port 25. Its silencing principle is that the fluid enters the larger silencing cavity 21 from the smaller pipe opening with almost no buffering. Within 11, the instantaneous increase in volume causes the sound of the fluid to suddenly diffuse from its concentration, thereby achieving the purpose of noise reduction. Of course, in some other embodiments, in order to further enhance the noise reduction effect, other noise reduction components can be provided in the noise reduction cavity 21. In this embodiment, there are no other components in the noise reduction cavity 21, which simplifies the structure of the noise reduction part 2 and reduces its own weight. In addition, in order to further enhance the noise reduction effect, in this embodiment, along the axial direction of the noise reduction part 2, the first noise reduction port 24 and the second noise reduction port 25 are respectively located on both sides of the noise reduction cavity 21.

[0041] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 4 to 8 As shown, in this embodiment, two silencing sections are provided. Of course, in some other embodiments, it is not limited to two silencing sections. The silencing section 2 includes a first silencing section 26 and a second silencing section 27. The first silencing section 26 and the second silencing section 27 are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the silencing section 2. The first silencing section 26 has a first silencing cavity 261, and the second silencing section 27 has a second silencing cavity 271. The valve assembly 1 is a multi-way valve assembly 1. The valve seat 12 has at least two pipes 122. The first silencing cavity 261 and the valve cavity 121 can be connected through one of the pipes 122, and the second silencing cavity 271 and the valve cavity 121 can be connected through the other pipe 122. The silencing part 26 is at least partially integrated with the valve seat part 12, and the second silencing part 27 is at least partially integrated with the valve seat part 12. The first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 have a generally consistent structure, but may differ in size. The first silencing part 26 has a first silencing port 24 and a second silencing port 25. Along the axial direction of the silencing part 2, the first silencing port 24 and the second silencing port 25 are located on both sides of the first silencing cavity 261, respectively. The second silencing part 27 has a first silencing port 24 and a second silencing port 25. Along the axial direction of the silencing part 2, the first silencing port 24 and the second silencing port 25 are located on both sides of the second silencing cavity 271, respectively. In this embodiment, the valve assembly 1 is a four-way valve.

[0042] In this embodiment, the housings of the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 can be implemented as a single piece, but the first silencing cavity 261 and the second silencing cavity 271 are separate cavities. In this embodiment, the housings of the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 are not implemented as a single piece; that is, there is a gap Q between the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27. In other words, the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 are separate entities. Because there is a certain gap between the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27, and because the thermal management device will experience some shaking during operation, in order to reduce the risk of damage to the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 due to collision during shaking, in this embodiment, as follows... Figure 5 or Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management device includes a connecting block 3 located in the gap Q. One side of the connecting block 3 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first silencing part 26, and the other side of the connecting block 3 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second silencing part 27. The connecting block 3 can reduce the shaking degree of the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27, reduce the probability of collision damage caused by shaking, and further reduce noise. The connecting block 3 can be made of a different material than the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27, such as rubber or plastic, or it can be made of the same material as the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27. The connecting block 3 can be connected and fixed to the two parts by assembly, or it can be implemented as an integral part of the connecting block 3, the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27.

[0043] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing a thermal management device, which provides a core and a mold, and combines the core and the mold to form a cavity; provides molten metal, pours the molten metal into the cavity, and after the molten metal solidifies, disassembles the core and the mold to obtain an integrated casting in which the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integral. The core is a sand core and the mold is a sand mold. The entire process uses a sand core process to cast the integrated casting in which the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integral. Finally, the core is removed from the integrated casting in which the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integral by vibration. The process can realize the preparation of the integrated casting in which the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integral. It is simple and convenient. Compared with the welding process, it reduces the number of weld points between the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 and improves the sealing performance.

[0044] Furthermore, considering that impurities in the heat exchange fluid medium within the heat management device can affect heat exchange performance, a filter section 6 is added to the heat management device. The filter section 6 can filter impurities in the fluid to improve the product's heat exchange performance. In this embodiment, the filter section 6 is added to the flow channel section 4. Although it can filter impurities flowing from the flow channel section 4 to the valve body assembly 5 to a certain extent, the filter section 6 needs to be limited to a predetermined position in the flow channel section 4 to prevent it from moving with the high-pressure fluid flow. Therefore, a limiting block is set in the flow channel section to restrict the position of the filter section 6. In related technologies, the limiting block needs to be separately installed in the flow channel section, requiring screws to be driven into the flow channel section to fix the limiting block, and additional sealing elements are needed to ensure sealing. The limiting block assembly method in related technologies carries the risk of leakage and has a high product cost. Therefore, to solve the above problems, the flow channel section 4 and the limiting section in this embodiment adopt an integrated structure. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5As shown, the thermal management device includes a flow channel section 4, a valve body assembly 5, and a filter section 6. The valve body assembly 5 includes a valve body seat section 51 and a valve body core section 52. The valve body core section 52 is connected to the valve body seat section 51. The valve body seat section 51 has a valve seat cavity 511 and a valve seat port 512. The valve body core section 52 is at least partially located in the valve seat cavity 511. The flow channel section 4 has a flow channel 41 and includes a flow channel peripheral wall 44 forming the flow channel 41. The valve body seat section 51 is connected to the flow channel section 4. The valve seat cavity 51, the valve seat port 512, and the flow channel 41 are communicative. The thermal management device includes a first... A limiting part 7 and a second limiting part 8 are provided, at least one of which is integrally formed with the flow channel 4. In this embodiment, both the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8 are integrally formed with the flow channel 4. Both the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8 are located in the flow channel 41, and the filter part 6 is located in the flow channel 41. The first limiting part 7 extends from the flow channel peripheral wall 44 toward the direction close to the filter part 6, and the second limiting part 8 extends from the flow channel peripheral wall 44 toward the filter part 6. The filter part 6 is at least partially located in the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8. Between them, the flow channel part 4 and the valve body seat part 51 can be connected by assembly or they can be a single integrated structure. The integrated part should be understood as a non-assembly connection. The base material can be processed by casting, forging, stamping, extrusion, metal injection molding, metal powder metallurgy, etc., and then machined. Alternatively, the integrated part can be directly processed by embedding, casting, forging, stamping, extrusion, metal injection molding, metal powder metallurgy, etc. Some applications directly relate to the effect of using an integrated extrusion molding method. The explanation of "integrated component" can be supplemented as appropriate. Assembly connection includes threaded connection, welding and other methods. It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8 are both integrated with the flow channel part 4. Therefore, it is not necessary to connect and fix the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8 to the flow channel part 4 with screws or the like. The advantage of the integrated structure is that it can improve the sealing performance of the flow channel part 4 and reduce the risk of leakage. On the other hand, it eliminates the need for connecting parts such as screws and can also eliminate the need for sealing devices such as sealing rings, thereby reducing the production cost of the product.

[0045] Please see Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the filter section 6 includes a filter screen section 61 and a clamping section 62. The filter screen section 61 is disposed on the clamping section 62. The filter section 6 is at least partially located in the flow channel 41. The clamping section 62 is connected to the inner wall forming the flow channel 41. Along the axial direction of the filter section 6, the clamping section 62 is located between the first limiting section 7 and the second limiting section 8. The filter screen section 61 is made of the same material as the clamping section 62. Both the filter screen section 61 and the clamping section 62 are made of stainless steel. The filter screen section 61 and the clamping section 62 can be assembled and fixed, or they can be an integral structure. Please refer to the previous section. Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the filter section 6 has a columnar mesh structure, which, compared to a sheet filter, allows the fluid to pass through the filter for a longer time, thus filtering impurities in the fluid more thoroughly.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the first limiting part 7 includes a convex ring 71, which is integral with the flow channel part 4. Since they are integral, no additional connecting parts are needed, thereby improving the sealing performance of the flow channel part 4. The convex ring 71 protrudes towards the inner side of the flow channel part 4 and is located in the flow channel 41. The convex ring 71 has an inner ring cavity 711, which is connected to the flow channel 41. The radial diameter H of the inner ring cavity 711 is smaller than the radial diameter h of the clamp part 62. Since the radial diameter H of the inner ring cavity 711 is smaller than the radial diameter h of the clamp part 62, it ensures that one side of the clamp part 62 is limited by the convex ring 71, restricting the filter part 6 from moving towards the first limiting part 7. The filter screen part 61 is at least partially located in the inner ring cavity 711 and is allowed to pass through the inner ring cavity 711 to save space.

[0047] In this embodiment, the second limiting part 8 is a constricted structure of the flow channel part 4. Specifically, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the second limiting part 8 includes a limiting surface 81. A plane perpendicular to the axis of the filter part 6 is defined as the projection surface P1. Along the axial direction of the filter part 6, the orthographic projection of the limiting surface 81 onto the projection surface P1 is the first projection 81P, and the orthographic projection of the clamp part 62 onto the projection surface P1 is the second projection 62P. The second projection 62P and the first projection 81P at least partially overlap, meaning that a portion of the wall of the clamp part 62 can contact and abut against the limiting surface 81, thus preventing the filter part 6 from moving towards the second limiting part 8. Through the limiting of the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8, the filter part 6 is confined to a predetermined position, unaffected by displacement due to the impact of the high-pressure flow channel. Of course, in some other embodiments, a certain gap may be allowed between the clamp part 62 and the first limiting part 7 or the second limiting part 8, but the optimal solution is that a portion of the clamp part 62 contacts and abuts against the first limiting part 7, and a portion of the clamp part 62 contacts and abuts against the second limiting part 8. Please refer again to... Figure 9 As shown, the second limiting part 8 has a limiting cavity 82, a first cavity opening 83, and a second cavity opening 84. Along the axial direction of the filter part 6, the first cavity opening 83 and the second cavity opening 84 are located on both sides of the limiting cavity 82. The first cavity opening 83 is close to the clamping part 62, and the diameter of the second cavity opening 84 is smaller than the diameter of the first cavity opening 83. That is, the second limiting part 8 is set as a narrowing structure of the flow channel part 4, with a large diameter and a small diameter. The minimum diameter L of the limiting cavity 82 is smaller than the maximum radial diameter h of the clamping part 62. The clamping part 62 abuts against the limiting surface 81 that forms the limiting cavity 82. The limiting cavity 82, the first cavity opening 83, the second cavity opening 84, and the flow channel 41 are connected.

[0048] In this embodiment, the valve seat 51 and the flow channel 4 are integrated to reduce the number of weld points and improve the sealing performance of the product. In addition, the thermal management device also includes a silencing part 2. The valve seat 51 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the silencing part 2. The silencing part 2 can effectively reduce the noise generated by the operation of the thermal management device. The valve seat 51 and the outer peripheral wall of the silencing part 2 can be implemented as an assembled and fixed connection or as an integrated structure. In this embodiment, the valve seat 51 and the outer peripheral wall of the silencing part 2 are integrated.

[0049] Additionally, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, valve body assembly 5 is a multi-port valve body assembly, specifically, valve body assembly 5 is an electronic expansion valve, valve body core 52 is an electronic expansion valve core, flow channel 4 includes a first sub-flow channel 43 and a second sub-flow channel 42, filter 6 includes a first filter 61 and a second filter 62, the first filter 61 is disposed in the flow channel 41 of the first sub-flow channel 43, and the second filter 62 is disposed in the flow channel 41 of the second sub-flow channel 42, valve body seat 51 has at least two valve seat ports 512, one of which is a valve seat port 512. The first sub-flow channel 43's flow channel 41 and the valve seat cavity 511 are connected, and the other valve seat port 512 is connected to the second sub-flow channel 42's flow channel 41 and the valve seat cavity 511. Since the valve body assembly 5 uses an electronic expansion valve, impurities in the fluid can affect the performance of the electronic expansion valve and cause flow channel blockage. Therefore, it is necessary to install a filter 6 in the flow channel 41 of the first sub-flow channel 43 and the flow channel 41 of the second sub-flow channel 42 to filter impurities in the fluid, so as to maintain the performance of the electronic expansion valve and reduce the risk of flow channel blockage.

[0050] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing a thermal management device, which provides a core, a mold, and a filter 6. The core and the mold are combined to form a cavity, and the filter 6 is at least partially located in the cavity. A molten metal is provided, wherein the melting point of the filter 6 is greater than the melting point of the molten metal. The molten metal is poured into the cavity. After the molten metal solidifies, the core and the mold are removed to obtain a casting of a flow channel 4 with a first limiting part 7, a second limiting part 8, and a filter 6. The filter 6 is at least partially located between the first limiting part 7 and the second limiting part 8. The core is a sand core, and the mold is a sand mold. The entire process uses a sand core process to cast a casting in which the valve seat 12 and the silencing part 2 are at least partially integrated. Finally, the core is removed from the integrated casting of the valve seat 12 and the silencing part 2 by vibration. The process can realize the preparation of the valve seat 12 and the silencing part 2 as an integrated part, which is simple and convenient. Compared with the welding process, it reduces the number of weld points between the valve seat 12 and the silencing part 2 and improves the sealing performance.

[0051] As mentioned earlier, to reduce the noise generated by fluid flow during the operation of the thermal management device, a silencer can be connected to the valve assembly. Although adding a silencer can reduce noise, experiments and calculations have shown that the thermal management device in the relevant technology still produces significant noise, and its noise reduction effect is not ideal. To improve the noise reduction effect, this embodiment provides two structural optimization schemes for noise reduction, one of which is as follows: Figures 11 to 12 As shown, the thermal management device includes a flow channel 4 and a silencing section 2. The flow channel 4 has a flow channel 41, and the silencing section 2 has a silencing cavity 21 and a silencing port 28. The silencing cavity 21 and the silencing port 28 are connected to the flow channel 41. The flow area of ​​the silencing port 28 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity 21. The silencing section 2 includes a first body 201 and a second body 202. The first body 201 extends radially along the silencing section 2, and the second body 202 extends axially along the silencing section 2. The first body 201 and the second body 202 are connected. The silencing cavity 21 is located within the first body 201 and the second body 202. A first included angle θ is formed between the first body 201 and the second body 202. The first included angle θ is located within the silencing cavity 21 and is an acute angle or a right angle. The first body 201 and the second body 202 can be assembled or integrated. It is worth mentioning that, as Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first included angle θ is an acute angle or a right angle. In other words, the first body 201 and the second body 202 form a bent structure, with a bending angle greater than 0° or less than or equal to 90° inside the silencing cavity 21. Further, in this embodiment, the diameter of the silencing port 28 changes instantaneously to the diameter of the silencing cavity 21, i.e., from a small diameter to a large diameter instantly. Furthermore, the sound pressure difference between the silencing port 28 and the silencing cavity 21 increases, resulting in greater sound absorption and a better silencing effect. In contrast, in related technologies, the diameter of the silencing port 28 changes gradually to the diameter of the silencing cavity 21. For example… Figure 5 As shown, the sound pressure difference between the silencing port 28 and the silencing cavity 21 changes relatively little, resulting in a small silencing volume. Although it can achieve a certain silencing effect, the noise reduction effect is not as ideal as the above-mentioned scheme. In summary, when fluid enters the larger silencing cavity from a smaller pipe opening with almost no buffer, the instantaneous increase in volume causes the sound of the fluid to suddenly diffuse, thus achieving the purpose of silencing. The optimal scheme has a first included angle θ ranging from 45° to 90° and a second included angle β ranging from 45° to 90°. Within this angle range, the instantaneous change in the diameter of the silencing port 28 to the diameter of the silencing cavity 21 is optimized. If the angle is too small, the strength of the bend in the silencer will be relatively weak, reducing its strength. Therefore, considering various factors, the first included angle θ ranging from 45° to 90° and the second included angle β ranging from 45° to 90° can ensure the strength of the silencer and also achieve a better silencing effect.

[0052] For further information, please refer to the following: Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first body 201 and the second body 202 are integral parts. The silencing port 28 has a first silencing port 24 and a second silencing port 25. The first silencing port 24 and the second silencing port 25 are located on different sides of the silencing cavity 21. The first silencing port and the second silencing port are set on different sides of the silencing cavity in order to further enhance the silencing effect.

[0053] In addition, as a further optimization plan, such as Figure 12 As shown, the silencing part 2 includes a third body part 29, a silencing port 28 located in the third body part 29, the third body part 29 being connected to the first body part 201, the third body part 29 extending along the axial direction of the silencing part 2, and a second included angle β between the third body part 29 and the first body part 201, the second included angle β being located outside the silencing part 2, the second included angle β being an acute angle or a right angle, to ensure that the fluid enters the larger silencing cavity from the smaller pipe opening with almost no buffering, the instantaneous increase in volume causes the sound of the fluid to suddenly diffuse from concentration, further improving the noise reduction effect.

[0054] Furthermore, the thermal management device includes a valve assembly 1, which includes a valve seat portion 12 and a valve core portion 11. The valve core portion 11 is connected to the valve seat portion 12. The valve seat portion 12 has a valve cavity 121. The valve core portion 11 is at least partially located in the valve cavity 121. The valve seat portion 12 is connected to one side of the silencing portion 2. The valve cavity 121 communicates with the first silencing port 24. The flow channel portion 4 includes a first flow channel portion 43, which is connected to the other side of the silencing portion 2. The flow channel 41 of the first flow channel portion 43 communicates with the second silencing port 25. Along the radial direction of the silencing portion 2, the radial diameter of the silencing cavity 21 is greater than the diameter of at least one of the first silencing port 24 and the second silencing port 25. In this embodiment, the radial diameter of the silencing cavity 21 is greater than both the diameter of the first silencing port and the diameter of the second silencing port 25 to improve the noise reduction effect.

[0055] To further improve the noise reduction effect of the thermal management device, such as Figures 11 to 12As shown, in this embodiment, the silencing part 2 includes a first silencing part 26 and a second silencing part 27. Both the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 include a first body part 201 and a second body part 202. The first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 have a generally consistent structure, but may differ in size. The thermal management device includes a valve assembly 1, which is a multi-way valve assembly, specifically a four-way valve assembly. The valve assembly 1 includes a valve seat part 12, which has a valve cavity 121 and at least two pipes 122. The silencing cavity 21 and at least one silencing port 28 of the first silencing part 26 and the valve cavity 121 of the valve seat part 12 can be connected through one of the pipes 122. The silencing cavity 21 and at least one silencing port 28 of the second silencing part 27 and the valve cavity 121 of the valve seat part 12 can be connected through the other pipe 122.

[0056] The housings of the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 can be implemented as a single piece, but the first silencing cavity 261 and the second silencing cavity 271 are separate cavities. In this embodiment, the housings of the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27 are not implemented as a single piece, that is, there is a gap Q between the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27. The thermal management device includes a connecting block 3, which is located in the gap Q. One side of the connecting block 3 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first silencing part 26, and the other side of the connecting block 3 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second silencing part 27. The connection block 3 is configured as follows: On the one hand, it can reduce the shaking degree of the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27. On the other hand, it can reduce the probability of collision damage caused by the shaking of the two. In addition, it can further reduce noise. The connecting block 3 can be made of a different material than the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27, such as rubber or plastic. It can also be made of the same material as the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27. Furthermore, the connecting block 3 can be connected and fixed to the two by assembly and fixing, or it can be implemented as a whole with the first silencing part 26 and the second silencing part 27.

[0057] Accordingly, this embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a thermal management device, including the following steps: providing a core and a mold, combining the core and the mold to form a cavity, the cavity including a first cavity and a second cavity; providing molten metal, pouring the molten metal into the cavity, and after the molten metal solidifies, disassembling the core and the mold, obtaining a first body portion 201 from the first cavity, obtaining a second body portion 202 from the second cavity, and thus obtaining a casting of a silencing portion 2 and a flow channel portion 4, wherein a first included angle θ is formed between the first body portion 201 and the second body portion 202, the first included angle θ is located in the silencing cavity 21, and the first included angle θ is an acute angle or a right angle. In this embodiment, since the first body portion 201 and the second body portion 202 are an integral part, the first cavity and the second cavity can be connected, and the included angle between the first cavity and the second cavity is an acute angle or a right angle, that is, the included angle is greater than 0° or less than or equal to 90°. Finally, the core is cleaned out of the casting of the silencing portion 2 and the flow channel portion 4 by vibration.

[0058] In addition, please see Figures 12 to 15 As shown, this embodiment also provides a thermal management device to improve the noise reduction effect. The thermal management device includes a flow channel 4 and a silencing section 2. The flow channel 4 has a flow channel 41, and the silencing section 2 has a silencing cavity 21 and a silencing port 28. The silencing cavity 21 and the silencing port 28 are connected to the flow channel 41. The flow area of ​​the silencing port 28 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity 21. A plane perpendicular to the axis of the silencing section 2 is defined as the projection plane P2. Along the axial direction of the silencing section 2, the orthographic projection of the silencing cavity 21 onto the projection plane is the silencing cavity projection 21P. The orthographic projection of 28 on the projection plane is the silencing port projection 28P. There is a gap between the center C1 of the silencing cavity projection 21P and the center C2 of the silencing port projection 28P. In other words, the silencing port 28 and the silencing cavity 21 adopt an eccentric design. The advantage of the eccentric design is that after the fluid enters the silencing cavity 21 eccentrically from the silencing port 28, the asymmetric chamber of the eccentric structure prolongs the propagation path of the fluid sound wave, increases the number of reflections of the sound wave in the silencer, and thus leads to interference cancellation, reduces noise energy, and improves the noise reduction effect of the thermal management device.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the silencing part 2 includes a silencing unit 20. At least one silencing unit 20 is cylindrical. The at least one silencing unit 20 includes a first housing part 203 and a second housing part 204. The first housing part 203 has a silencing cavity 21, and the second housing part 204 has a silencing port 28. The first housing part 203 and the second housing part 204 are connected. The silencing cavity 21 has a first axis D1, and the silencing port 28 has a second axis D2. The first axis D1 and the second axis D2 have a gap. In other words, the silencing port 28 is eccentrically arranged relative to the silencing cavity 21.

[0060] In addition, as a further optimization plan, such as Figures 12 to 13As shown, the first housing part 203 and the second housing part 204 are integral parts. The second housing part 204 includes a first part 4-1 and a second part 4-2. The angle between the first part 4-1 and the first housing part 203 is A, and the angle A is located inside the silencing cavity 21. The angle between the second part 4-2 and the first housing part 203 is B, and the angle B is located inside the silencing cavity 21. The angle A is greater than the angle B. The first part 4-1 extends radially along one side of the silencing part 2, and the second part 4-2 extends radially along the other side of the silencing part 2. The radial width I1 of the first part 4-1 is greater than the radial width I2 of the second part 4-2. In other words, in this embodiment, the structure of the silencing cavity of the silencing part 2 is further optimized. The asymmetrical cavity can further extend the propagation path of the fluid operation sound wave, increase the number of sound wave reflections in the silencing cavity, and generate a phase difference when sound waves from different paths meet, resulting in interference cancellation and further improving the silencing performance.

[0061] Furthermore, the silencing section 2 includes two silencing units 20, which are radially arranged side by side. The valve assembly 1 is a multi-way valve assembly, which includes a valve seat 12. The valve seat 12 has a valve cavity 121 and at least two pipes 122. The silencing cavity 21, at least one silencing port 28, and valve cavity 121 of one silencing unit 20 can be connected through one of the pipes 122. The silencing cavity 21, at least one silencing port 28, and valve cavity 121 of the other silencing unit 20 can be connected through the other pipe 122.

[0062] There is a gap Q between the two silencing units 20. The thermal management device includes a connecting block 3 located in the gap Q. One side of the connecting block 3 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first silencing part 26, and the other side of the connecting block 3 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second silencing part 27. The effect is the same as the aforementioned scheme, and will not be described in detail again.

[0063] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing a thermal management device, which provides a core and a mold, and combines the core and the mold to form a cavity; provides molten metal, pours the molten metal into the cavity, and after the molten metal solidifies, removes the core from the mold to obtain a silencing part 2 casting with an eccentric silencing port 28 and a silencing cavity 21; and finally removes the core from the integrated casting of the valve seat part 12 and the silencing part 2 by vibration.

[0064] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figures 2 to 16As shown, this embodiment provides a thermal management system, including a compressor 13, a first silencer 26, a second silencer 27, a four-way valve 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, a gas pipe shut-off valve 10, a first filter 61, an electronic expansion valve 5, a second filter 62, and a liquid pipe shut-off valve 9. The exhaust port of the compressor 13 is connected to the inlet of the first silencer 26, and the outlet of the first silencer 26 is connected to the inlet of the four-way valve 1. One outlet of the four-way valve 1 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is connected to the electronic expansion valve 5. The expansion valve 5 is connected, wherein the first filter section 61 is disposed in the flow channel section 4 of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the electronic expansion valve 5, the electronic expansion valve 5 is connected to the liquid pipe shut-off valve 9, wherein the second filter section 62 is disposed in the flow channel section 4 of the electronic expansion valve 5 and the liquid pipe shut-off valve 9, the gas pipe shut-off valve 10 is connected to the second silencer section 27, the second silencer section 27 is connected to one inlet of the four-way valve 1, and one outlet of the four-way valve 1 is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 13, or connected before the gas distribution section, and the gas distribution section is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 13.

[0065] The functions and structural principles of this invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments.

[0066] The above examples illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. These embodiments are merely illustrative and intended to aid in understanding the method and core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management device, characterized in that, It includes a flow channel (4) and a silencing section (2). The flow channel (4) has a flow channel (41), and the silencing section (2) has a silencing cavity (21) and a silencing port (28). The silencing cavity (21) and the silencing port (28) are connected to the flow channel (41). The flow area of ​​the silencing port (28) is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity (21). The silencing part (2) includes a first body part (201) and a second body part (202). The first body part (201) extends radially along the silencing part (2), and the second body part (202) extends axially along the silencing part (2). The first body part (201) and the second body part (202) are connected. There is a first included angle (θ) between the first body part (201) and the second body part (202). The first included angle (θ) is located in the silencing cavity (21). The first included angle (θ) is an acute angle or a right angle.

2. The thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first body part (201) and the second body part (202) are integral parts. The silencing port (28) has a first silencing port (24) and a second silencing port (25). The first silencing port (24) and the second silencing port (25) are located on different sides of the silencing cavity (21).

3. The thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silencing part (2) includes a third body part (29), the silencing port (28) is located in the third body part (29), the third body part (29) is connected to the first body part (201), the third body part (29) extends along the axial direction of the silencing part (2), the third body part (29) and the first body part (201) have a second included angle (β), the second included angle (β) is located outside the silencing part (2), and the second included angle (β) is an acute angle or a right angle.

4. The thermal management device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first included angle (θ) ranges from 45° to 90°; the second included angle (β) ranges from 45° to 90°.

5. The thermal management device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal management device includes a valve assembly (1), which includes a valve seat (12) and a valve core (11). The valve core (11) is connected to the valve seat (12). The valve seat (12) has a valve cavity (121). The valve core (11) is at least partially located in the valve cavity (121). The valve seat (12) is connected to one side of the silencing part (2). The valve cavity (121) communicates with the first silencing port (24). The flow channel part (4) includes a first flow channel part (43). The first flow channel part (43) is connected to the other side of the silencing part (2). The flow channel (41) of the first flow channel part (43) communicates with the second silencing port (25).

6. The thermal management device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the silencing part (2), the radial diameter of the silencing cavity (21) is greater than the diameter of at least one of the first silencing port (24) and the second silencing port (25).

7. The thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The silencing part (2) includes a first silencing part (26) and a second silencing part (27), both the first silencing part (26) and the second silencing part (27) including a first body part (201) and a second body part (202); the thermal management device includes a valve assembly (1), the valve assembly (1) being a multi-way valve assembly (1), the valve assembly (1) including a valve seat part (12), the valve seat part (12) having a valve cavity (121), the valve seat... The part (12) has at least two pipes (122), the silencing chamber (21) of the first silencing part (26), at least one silencing port (28) and the valve chamber (121) of the valve seat part (12) can be connected through one of the pipes (122), and the silencing chamber (21) of the second silencing part (27), at least one silencing port (28) and the valve chamber (121) of the valve seat part (12) can be connected through the other pipe (122).

8. The thermal management device according to claim 7, characterized in that, There is a gap (Q) between the first silencing part (26) and the second silencing part (27). The thermal management device includes a connecting block (3) located in the gap (Q). One side of the connecting block (3) is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first silencing part (26), and the other side of the connecting block (3) is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second silencing part (27).

9. A method for manufacturing a thermal management device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A core and a mold are provided, and the core and the mold are combined to form a cavity, the cavity including a first cavity and a second cavity; A molten metal is provided and poured into the cavity. After the molten metal solidifies, the core is removed from the mold and a first body part (201) is obtained from the first cavity and a second body part (202) is obtained from the second cavity, thereby obtaining a casting of a silencing part (2) and a flow channel part (4). The first body part (201) and the second body part (202) have a first included angle (θ) between them. The first included angle (θ) is located in the silencing cavity (21) and is an acute angle or a right angle.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Demolding the core from the mold includes the following steps: The core is removed from the casting of the silencing part (2) and the flow channel part (4) by vibration.

11. A thermal management device, characterized in that, It includes a flow channel (4) and a silencing section (2). The flow channel (4) has a flow channel (41), and the silencing section (2) has a silencing cavity (21) and a silencing port (28). The silencing cavity (21) and the silencing port (28) are connected to the flow channel (41). The flow area of ​​the silencing port (28) is smaller than the flow area of ​​the silencing cavity (21). The plane perpendicular to the axis of the silencing part (2) is defined as the projection plane (P2). Along the axis of the silencing part (2), the orthographic projection of the silencing cavity (21) on the projection plane is the silencing cavity projection (21P), and the orthographic projection of the silencing port (28) on the projection plane is the silencing port projection (28P). There is a gap between the center (C1) of the silencing cavity projection (21P) and the center (C2) of the silencing port projection (28P).

12. The thermal management device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The silencing part (2) includes a silencing unit (20), at least one silencing unit (20) is cylindrical, and at least one silencing unit (20) includes a first housing part (203) and a second housing part (204). The first housing part (203) has the silencing cavity (21), and the second housing part (204) has the silencing port (28). The first housing part (203) and the second housing part (204) are connected. The silencing cavity (21) has a first axis (D1), and the silencing port (28) has a second axis (D2). The first axis (D1) and the second axis (D2) have a gap.

13. The thermal management device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first housing part (203) and the second housing part (204) are integral parts. The second housing part (204) includes a first part (4-1) and a second part (4-2). The angle between the first part (4-1) and the first housing part (203) is A, and the angle A is located inside the silencing cavity (21). The angle between the second part (4-2) and the first housing part (203) is B, and the angle B is located inside the silencing cavity (21). The angle A is greater than the angle B.

14. The thermal management device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first part (4-1) extends radially along one side of the silencing part (2), and the second part (4-2) extends radially along the other side of the silencing part (2). The radial width (I1) of the first part (4-1) is greater than the radial width (I2) of the second part (4-2).

15. The thermal management device according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that, The silencing section (2) includes two silencing units (20) arranged radially side by side. The valve assembly (1) is a multi-way valve assembly. The valve assembly (1) includes a valve seat (12) with a valve cavity (121) and at least two pipes (122). The silencing cavity (21), at least one silencing port (28), and the valve cavity (121) of one of the silencing units (20) are connected through one of the pipes (122). The silencing cavity (21), at least one silencing port (28), and the valve cavity (121) of the other silencing unit (20) are connected through the other pipe (122).

16. The thermal management device according to claim 15, characterized in that, There is a gap (Q) between the two silencing units (20), and the thermal management device includes a connecting block (3) located in the gap (Q). One side of the connecting block (3) is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first silencing part (26), and the other side of the connecting block (3) is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second silencing part (27).

17. A method for manufacturing a thermal management device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Provide cores and molds, and combine the cores and molds to form a cavity; A molten metal is provided and poured into the cavity. After the molten metal solidifies, the core is removed from the mold to obtain a silencing part (2) casting with an eccentric silencing port (28) and silencing cavity (21).

18. The manufacturing method according to claim 17, characterized in that, Demolding the core from the mold includes the following steps: The core is removed from the integrated casting of the valve seat (12) and the silencer (2) by vibration.

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