An intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of a gas generator set

Abstract

The present application relates to gas generator set waste heat utilization technical field, propose a kind of gas generator set waste heat adsorption type refrigeration intelligent control method, including obtaining waste heat supply parameter and data center load parameter, generate predicted cooling load and determine operation mode accordingly, operation mode at least includes load tracking mode, cold storage mode and emergency mode;In load tracking mode or cold storage mode, adjust waste heat collection module medium flow, make integrated heat source temperature maintain in preset driving temperature interval;In load tracking mode, according to predicted cooling load change rate dynamically adjust adsorption stage length and desorption stage length;In cold storage mode, increase cold output and store excess cold to parallelly arranged cold storage device, and extend adsorption stage length and desorption stage length;In emergency mode, cut off heat source supply and switch cold storage device to main cooling source.The present application can realize waste heat efficient utilization, cold load accurate matching and the improvement of system operation reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste heat utilization technology for gas generator sets, and in particular to an intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets. Background Technology

[0002] The large amounts of high-temperature flue gas and waste heat from cylinder liner cooling water generated by gas turbine generator sets are traditionally directly emitted, resulting in energy waste. Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems recover waste heat to drive chiller units, achieving a comprehensive energy utilization rate of over 80%, and are increasingly being used in data centers with extremely high requirements for cooling reliability and energy efficiency. However, data center cooling loads fluctuate frequently, demanding near-stringent cooling continuity. Existing absorption chiller systems have significant shortcomings under varying operating conditions: engine load changes cause fluctuations in exhaust temperature and flow; if operated under rated conditions, system performance degrades or even fails to function properly. Furthermore, traditional CCHP systems have a single control mode, lacking intelligent switching and dynamic adjustment capabilities for load tracking, cold storage, and emergency modes, making it difficult to adapt to the rapidly fluctuating cooling load demands of data centers. In addition, the adsorption / desorption time of adsorption chillers is typically fixed, unable to be finely adjusted according to real-time cooling load changes, resulting in low accuracy in matching cooling supply and demand, limited waste heat utilization, and a lack of closed-loop feedback regulation of the cold storage rate in cold storage mode. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a control method that can intelligently switch operating modes and dynamically optimize adsorption / desorption time based on waste heat supply parameters and data center load parameters, so as to improve the overall energy efficiency and cooling reliability of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, the present invention aims to propose an intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration from gas generator sets. This method generates a predicted cooling load based on the waste heat supply parameters of the gas generator set and the data center load parameters. It then switches between load tracking mode, cold storage mode, and emergency mode according to the predicted cooling load value and its changing trend. In each mode, it dynamically adjusts the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module and the adsorption and desorption phase durations of the adsorption refrigeration unit. This achieves dynamic matching of cooling supply with data center load demand, efficient utilization of waste heat from the gas generator set, and continuous cooling supply to the data center even during unit shutdown or malfunction.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A smart control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of a gas generator set is disclosed. This method is applied to a refrigeration intelligent control system comprising a gas generator set, a waste heat collection module, an adsorption refrigeration unit, a cold storage device, and a data center. The waste heat generated by the gas generator set is recovered by the waste heat collection module and then drives the adsorption refrigeration unit to generate cooling capacity. This cooling capacity is supplied to the data center. Excess cooling capacity is stored by the cold storage device and released when needed. The method includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the waste heat supply parameters of the gas generator set and the data center load parameters, generate a predicted cooling load based on the waste heat supply parameters and the data center load parameters, and determine the operating mode according to the value and trend of the predicted cooling load. The operating mode includes at least load tracking mode, cold storage mode and emergency mode. S2: When the operating mode is load tracking mode or cold storage mode, the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module is dynamically adjusted according to the waste heat supply parameters to keep the comprehensive heat source temperature of the input adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range. S3: When the operating mode is load tracking mode, the adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration of the adsorption chiller are dynamically adjusted according to the predicted rate of change of cooling load; when the operating mode is cold storage mode, the adsorption chiller is controlled to increase the output of cooling capacity and store the excess cooling capacity in the cold storage device, and the adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration are adjusted to the cold storage adsorption duration and cold storage desorption duration, respectively. The cold storage adsorption duration is longer than the adsorption stage duration in the load tracking mode, and the cold storage desorption duration is longer than the desorption stage duration in the load tracking mode. The cold storage device is set up in parallel with the adsorption chiller. S4: When the operating mode is emergency mode, the heat source supply from the waste heat collection module to the adsorption chiller is cut off, and the cold storage device is switched to the main cold source. The emergency mode is triggered at least when the gas generator set stops or the adsorption chiller fails.

[0005] Preferably, generating a predicted cooling load based on the waste heat supply parameters and the data center load parameters, and determining the operating mode based on the value and trend of the predicted cooling load, includes: The data center load parameters include the power consumption of the data center's IT equipment and the return air temperature of the server room. The basic cooling load is determined based on the power consumption of the IT equipment and corrected based on the return air temperature of the server room. The cooling load after correction for multiple consecutive collection cycles is assigned an increasing weight according to the collection time from far to near, and the weighted extrapolation is used to obtain the demand forecast cooling load. The available cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller is determined based on the waste heat supply parameters. The smaller value between the demand forecast cooling load and the available cooling capacity is taken as the forecast cooling load, and the rate of change of the forecast cooling load is calculated. When the value of the predicted cooling load is within the cooling range corresponding to the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit, and the rate of change of the predicted cooling load is lower than the preset rate of change threshold, the operating mode is determined to be the load tracking mode. The cooling range is defined based on the continuous cooling range of the adsorption refrigeration unit under the condition that the comprehensive heat source temperature is maintained within the preset driving temperature range. The upper limit of the continuous cooling range is lower than the peak cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration unit, and the lower limit of the continuous cooling range is higher than the minimum stable operating cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

[0006] Preferably, determining the operating mode based on the predicted cooling load value and its changing trend includes: When the predicted cooling load is lower than the lower limit of the cooling range, and the exhaust temperature in the waste heat supply parameters is higher than the preset air temperature threshold and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature is higher than the preset water temperature threshold, the operating mode is determined to be the cold storage mode.

[0007] Preferably, determining the operating mode based on the predicted cooling load value and its changing trend includes: When the predicted cooling load change rate exceeds the preset emergency change rate threshold, or the predicted cooling load value exceeds the peak cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit, or a shutdown signal of the gas generator set or a fault signal of the adsorption chiller unit is detected, the operating mode is determined to be the emergency mode. Wherein, the preset emergency change rate threshold is greater than the preset change rate threshold, and the preset emergency change rate threshold is calibrated based on the maximum release rate of the cold storage device.

[0008] Preferably, when the operating mode is load tracking mode, dynamically adjusting the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module according to the waste heat supply parameters to maintain the comprehensive heat source temperature of the input adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range includes: The exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature of the gas generator set are obtained, and the exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount and cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount are determined according to the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, respectively. The medium flow rate adjustment of the exhaust branch and the medium flow rate adjustment of the cylinder liner branch are superimposed to synchronously adjust the medium flow rate of the corresponding branch in the waste heat collection module. The exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the deviation between the exhaust temperature and the first temperature target value, and the cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the deviation between the cylinder liner cooling water temperature and the second temperature target value. The first temperature target value and the second temperature target value are obtained by splitting the nominal center value of the preset driving temperature range. The superposition result of the exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount and the cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount makes the comprehensive heat source temperature approach the nominal center value.

[0009] Preferably, when the operating mode is cold storage mode, dynamically adjusting the medium flow rate of the waste heat collection module according to the waste heat supply parameters to maintain the comprehensive heat source temperature input to the adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range includes: The exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature of the gas generator set are obtained, the comprehensive heat source temperature is calculated based on the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, and the remaining cold storage capacity of the cold storage device is obtained. When the temperature of the integrated heat source is lower than the upper limit of the preset driving temperature range and the remaining cold storage capacity is greater than zero, the medium flow rate of the waste heat collection module is adjusted to the preset maximum heat recovery flow rate to maximize the cooling output of the adsorption chiller unit. When the temperature of the integrated heat source reaches the upper limit of the preset driving temperature range, the flow rate of the medium is reduced so that the temperature of the integrated heat source drops back below the upper limit. The maximum heat recovery flow rate is calibrated based on the total waste heat power corresponding to the exhaust temperature and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature, and the maximum heat recovery flow rate is greater than the nominal value of the medium flow rate in the load tracking mode.

[0010] Preferably, when the operating mode is load tracking mode, dynamically adjusting the adsorption phase duration and desorption phase duration of the adsorption chiller unit according to the predicted rate of change of cooling load includes the following steps: Step A: Obtain the predicted rate of change of cooling load and calculate the total cycle time of the current adsorption phase duration and the desorption phase duration; Step B: Compare the rate of change with a preset adjustment threshold: If the rate of change is less than the preset adjustment threshold, the current adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration remain unchanged, and the process returns to step A to continue monitoring. If the rate of change is not less than the preset adjustment threshold, proceed to step C; Step C: Based on the difference between the rate of change and the preset adjustment threshold, calculate the adjustment amount for the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration according to the adjustment coefficient, wherein the adjustment amount for the adsorption stage duration and the adjustment amount for the desorption stage duration are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so as to keep the total cycle period unchanged. Step D: Apply the adsorption stage duration adjustment amount to the current adsorption stage duration, and apply the desorption stage duration adjustment amount to the current desorption stage duration to obtain the adjusted adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration. Step E: Perform the following judgment: Judgment 1: Determine whether the adjusted adsorption phase duration is between the preset minimum and maximum adsorption duration; Judgment 2: Determine whether the adjusted desorption phase duration is between the preset minimum and maximum desorption duration. If both condition one and condition two are true, then proceed directly to step F; If judgment one is not true, then the adjusted adsorption stage duration is set to the limit value corresponding to the minimum adsorption duration or the maximum adsorption duration, and the adjusted desorption stage duration is adjusted to the total cycle period minus the limit value, so that the total cycle period remains unchanged. If judgment two is not true, then the adjusted desorption stage duration is set to the limit value corresponding to the minimum desorption duration or the maximum desorption duration, and the adjusted adsorption stage duration is adjusted to the total cycle period minus the limit value, so that the total cycle period remains unchanged. Step F: Output the adjusted adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration to the adsorption chiller unit, and return to step A; The adjustment coefficient is calibrated based on the adsorption / desorption time response curve corresponding to the unit cooling load change rate of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, when the operating mode is cold storage mode, the following steps are included: Step a: Obtain the current and target cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, calculate the remaining cold storage capacity required, and preliminarily determine the reference cold storage adsorption time and reference cold storage desorption time based on the remaining cold storage capacity required and the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode. The reference cold storage adsorption time and the reference cold storage desorption time are both greater than the adsorption stage time and desorption stage time in the load tracking mode, and the sum of the reference cold storage adsorption time and the reference cold storage desorption time is equal to the preset total cold storage cycle period. Step b: Set the current adsorption stage duration to the benchmark cold storage adsorption duration, set the current desorption stage duration to the benchmark cold storage desorption duration, and start the cold storage cycle; Step c: After each cold storage cycle, detect the actual increase in the cold storage capacity of the cold storage device and calculate the actual cold storage rate; Step d: Calculate the required average cold storage rate based on the current remaining cold storage capacity and remaining available time, and dynamically adjust the total cold storage cycle based on the comparison between the required average cold storage rate and the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode, combined with the charging efficiency of the cold storage device. Specifically, when the required average cold storage rate is less than the rated cooling capacity, the total cold storage cycle is increased, and the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration are increased respectively according to the preset adsorption / desorption duration allocation ratio; when the required average cold storage rate is greater than the rated cooling capacity, the total cold storage cycle is decreased, and the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration are decreased respectively according to the allocation ratio. Step e: Repeat steps c and d until the current cold storage capacity reaches the target cold storage capacity, then exit the cold storage mode and switch to the load tracking mode or standby mode; The target cold storage rate is calculated based on the remaining required cold storage capacity and the preset cold storage completion time.

[0012] Preferably, step S4 includes: Obtain the current temperature of the data center, the preset safe temperature limit, and the current cooling capacity of the cooling storage device; The allowable temperature rise gradient is calculated based on the difference between the current temperature and the preset safe upper limit temperature. The maximum sustainable release rate of the cold storage device is determined based on the allowable temperature rise gradient and the equivalent heat capacity of the data center. The release rate of the cold storage device is adjusted to not exceed the maximum sustainable release rate in order to maintain the temperature of the data center below the preset safe temperature limit. The system monitors the temperature changes in the data center in real time. When the current temperature approaches the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is reduced to slow down the temperature rise; when the current temperature is far from the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is increased to improve cooling efficiency. When the gas generator set resumes operation and the adsorption chiller unit is cleared of its fault, the waste heat collection module resumes supplying heat to the adsorption chiller unit and the cold storage device is switched back to auxiliary cold source mode.

[0013] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This invention acquires waste heat supply parameters from gas generator sets and data center load parameters, and generates predicted cooling loads accordingly. This allows the system to anticipate future cooling demands from the data center, rather than passively responding to already occurring loads, thus overcoming the adjustment lag problem caused by the periodicity and thermal inertia of adsorption chillers. Based on the predicted cooling load values ​​and trends, the operating modes are categorized into load tracking mode, cold storage mode, and emergency mode. This allows the system to adopt corresponding operating strategies for stable loads, surplus loads, and abnormal conditions, improving the targeting and flexibility of control. In load tracking or cold storage mode, the flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module is dynamically adjusted according to the waste heat supply parameters, maintaining the overall heat source temperature input to the adsorption chiller within a preset driving temperature range. This buffers the impact of power generation fluctuations on heat source quality, ensuring the chiller always operates under suitable driving conditions, improving the stability of cooling operation and waste heat utilization efficiency. In load tracking mode, the duration of the adsorption and desorption phases is dynamically adjusted based on the predicted rate of change in cooling load. This allows the unit's cooling rhythm to adapt to the speed of load changes, ensuring that cooling output matches actual demand and preventing insufficient or excessive cooling. In cold storage mode, the unit increases cooling output and stores excess cooling in a cold storage device connected in parallel with the unit. Simultaneously, the adsorption and desorption durations are adjusted to longer cold storage adsorption and desorption durations, enabling the unit to produce and store more cooling during off-peak periods with more efficient and stable cycles. This achieves the transfer of cooling over time and full utilization of surplus heat. In emergency mode, the heat source supply from the waste heat collection module to the chiller is cut off, and the cold storage device is switched to the primary cooling source. This ensures continuous cooling for the data center even when the gas generator unit shuts down or the chiller unit fails, guaranteeing the data center's operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the waste heat adsorption refrigeration system of the gas generator set provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] In this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0018] A smart control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets, applied to auxiliary Figure 2 The waste heat adsorption refrigeration system shown is a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) architecture, specifically designed for environments with stringent requirements for cooling load stability, such as data centers. It mainly includes a gas generator set, a waste heat collection module, an adsorption refrigeration unit, a cold storage device, and data center cooling capacity distribution terminals. Figure 2As shown, the waste heat collection module consists of parallel exhaust heat exchange branches and cylinder liner water heat exchange branches. Each branch includes an electric regulating valve and a circulating pump for precise control of the heat transfer oil flow rate. The adsorption chiller unit adopts a dual-bed or quad-bed structure. Adsorption bed A and desorption bed B work alternately through a switching valve group, and the working time of each bed can be independently set by the controller. The cold storage device is filled with phase change cold storage balls with a preset phase change temperature. A three-way regulating valve A is set on the pipeline between the cold storage device and the chilled water outlet of the adsorption chiller unit to control the charging flow rate of the cold storage device; a three-way regulating valve B is set on the pipeline between the cold storage device and the main water supply pipe at the end of the data center's cooling capacity distribution to control the discharging flow rate of the cold storage device. The cold storage device realizes the charging and discharging functions through three-way regulating valves A and B. The data center's cooling distribution terminal includes multiple inter-row air conditioning / cold aisle closed systems. The inlet of each system is connected in parallel to the main water supply pipe, and the outlet is connected in parallel to the main return pipe. The main water supply pipe receives chilled water from the adsorption chiller's chilled water outlet and chilled water released from the cold storage device via a three-way regulating valve B. The main return pipe delivers warm water returning from the inter-row air conditioning / cold aisle closed systems to the chilled water return inlet of the adsorption chiller and the return inlet of the cold storage device. The cold storage device has a chilled water coil inside, used for heat exchange with the chilled water output from the chiller in charging mode to solidify the cold storage bulbs, and for heat exchange with the warm water returning from the main return pipe in releasing mode to melt the cold storage bulbs. The inlet of the chilled water coil is connected to the main return pipe to receive warm water. The waste heat adsorption cooling system of the gas generator set is equipped with a return air temperature sensor and an IT equipment power monitoring module. All data is transmitted to the central controller for load forecasting, mode switching, and parameter optimization, enabling switching management of three operating modes: load tracking, cold storage, and emergency response.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the waste heat supply parameters of the gas generator set and the data center load parameters, generate a predicted cooling load based on the waste heat supply parameters and the data center load parameters, and determine the operating mode according to the value and trend of the predicted cooling load. The operating mode includes at least load tracking mode, cold storage mode and emergency mode. It should be noted that waste heat supply parameters refer to data related to the recoverable heat energy generated by the gas turbine generator set during operation, including at least exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature. For example, the exhaust temperature could be 450°C, and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature could be 90°C. Data center load parameters refer to the real-time and projected future cooling demand data of all energy-consuming units such as IT equipment and environmental control equipment within the data center, including at least real-time power and historical load curves. For example, the real-time power is 500kW, and based on historical data, the load is predicted to rise to 550kW in the next 15 minutes. Predicted cooling load is calculated based on waste heat supply parameters and data center load parameters, using a preset thermodynamic model or machine learning algorithm, representing the total cooling demand of the data center or its variation curve over a future period. For example, predicting an average cooling load of 200kW over the next 15 minutes, the thermodynamic model can specifically employ an energy conservation model based on the first law of thermodynamics. It uses real-time power consumption of IT equipment, return air temperature of the server room, outdoor ambient temperature, and building envelope parameters as inputs. The predicted cooling load is obtained by calculating the superposition of the heat dissipation load of IT equipment, the heat transfer load of the building envelope, the ventilation and fresh air load, and the lighting auxiliary equipment load. The machine learning algorithm can use an LSTM neural network model trained on historical data. It uses the power consumption of IT equipment, return air temperature of the server room, exhaust temperature, and cylinder liner cooling water temperature sequence from the past N collection periods as input features, and outputs the predicted cooling load for the future period. The operating mode is the working state selected by the control system for the entire refrigeration system based on the characteristics of the predicted cooling load, including load tracking mode, cold storage mode, and emergency mode. The predicted cooling load value is the specific magnitude of the predicted cooling load, and the trend of change is the upward, downward, or stable trend of the predicted cooling load over time. Different operating modes correspond to different control strategies, providing a decision-making basis for achieving a balance between cooling supply and demand, efficient utilization of waste heat, and uninterrupted cooling supply.

[0020] Understandably, by acquiring waste heat supply parameters from gas generator sets and data center load parameters in real time, a predicted cooling load reflecting future cooling demand can be generated. By comprehensively evaluating the magnitude and trend of this load, intelligent switching can be achieved between three modes: load tracking, cold storage, and emergency response, based on the current state and future trajectory of the system. This avoids energy waste, insufficient cooling, or system downtime risks caused by untimely mode switching.

[0021] S2: When the operating mode is load tracking mode or cold storage mode, the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module is dynamically adjusted according to the waste heat supply parameters to keep the comprehensive heat source temperature of the input adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range. It should be noted that the waste heat harvesting module is a device used to capture and transfer heat energy from heat sources such as gas generator sets. It includes a flue gas-medium heat exchanger, a cylinder liner water-medium heat exchanger, connecting pipelines, a circulating pump, and control valves. For example, this module uses heat transfer oil as a medium, flowing through both the flue gas heat exchanger and the cylinder liner water heat exchanger to absorb heat. The medium flow rate refers to the rate at which the heat medium flows through the various pipelines of the waste heat harvesting module; the unit can be... For example, the flow rate of the flue gas branch medium is... The overall heat source temperature refers to the average temperature of the heat medium after mixing from different waste heat sources (such as exhaust gas and cylinder liner water). This temperature directly affects the generator of the adsorption chiller and is a key input energy parameter driving the unit's operation. For example, the temperature of the mixed heat transfer oil might be 150°C. The preset drive temperature range is a pre-calibrated range of overall heat source temperatures that enables the adsorption chiller to operate safely, stably, and efficiently. The lower limit of this range is the lowest temperature at which the unit can effectively start the refrigeration cycle, and the upper limit is the highest temperature that the unit's materials or working fluid can withstand. For example, the preset drive temperature range is 140°C to 160°C.

[0022] Understandably, adsorption chillers rely on waste heat for operation in both load tracking and cold storage modes. By dynamically adjusting the flow rate of the waste heat collection module, heat from the exhaust pipe and cylinder liner water pipe is extracted on demand, keeping the combined heat source temperature within the preset driving temperature range. This prevents damage to the unit due to excessively high temperatures or reduced cooling efficiency due to excessively low temperatures, ensuring stable and efficient operation of the refrigeration cycle.

[0023] S3: When the operating mode is load tracking mode, the adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration of the adsorption chiller are dynamically adjusted according to the predicted rate of change of cooling load; when the operating mode is cold storage mode, the adsorption chiller is controlled to increase the output of cooling capacity and store the excess cooling capacity in the cold storage device, and the adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration are adjusted to the cold storage adsorption duration and cold storage desorption duration, respectively. The cold storage adsorption duration is longer than the adsorption stage duration in the load tracking mode, and the cold storage desorption duration is longer than the desorption stage duration in the load tracking mode. The cold storage device is set up in parallel with the adsorption chiller. It should be noted that the adsorption phase duration refers to the duration during which the adsorbent adsorbs refrigerant vapor in the evaporator to produce a cooling effect in a complete adsorption refrigeration cycle. For example, in load tracking mode, the adsorption phase duration is 300 seconds. The desorption phase duration refers to the duration during which the adsorbent is heated by an external heat source in the generator, releasing refrigerant vapor, in a cycle. For example, in load tracking mode, the desorption phase duration is 300 seconds. The predicted cooling load change rate refers to the increase or decrease in cooling load demand per unit time, reflecting the drastic degree of load change. For example, the predicted cooling load is increasing at... The rate of increase. A cold storage device is a device capable of storing cold energy in the form of sensible heat or phase change, such as a tank filled with cold storage spheres with a phase change temperature of 6°C. Cold storage adsorption time and cold storage desorption time are longer adsorption and desorption phase durations set in cold storage mode to maximize cold energy output. For example, the cold storage adsorption time is 600s, and the cold storage desorption time is 600s. Parallel setup means that the cold storage device and the adsorption chiller are connected in parallel on the chilled water pipeline, and both can independently provide cold energy to the data center; the cold storage device can both charge and release cold energy.

[0024] Understandably, in load tracking mode, the adsorption and desorption durations are dynamically fine-tuned by sensing and predicting the real-time rate of change in cooling load, achieving a precise match between cooling output and demand fluctuations, and improving response speed and accuracy. In cold storage mode, when cooling demand is low and waste heat is sufficient, the adsorption and desorption phases are intentionally extended, allowing the chiller to operate in a more stable thermodynamic cycle, thereby increasing total cooling output. Excess cooling after meeting the current load is stored in the cold storage device, achieving cross-period transfer and efficient utilization of waste heat energy.

[0025] S4: When the operating mode is emergency mode, the heat source supply from the waste heat collection module to the adsorption chiller is cut off, and the cold storage device is switched to the main cold source. The emergency mode is triggered at least when the gas generator set stops or the adsorption chiller fails.

[0026] It should be noted that emergency mode refers to the emergency operating state that the system enters to ensure the critical cooling needs of the data center when a serious failure or shutdown of the gas generator set or adsorption chiller unit leads to an interruption of the waste heat-driven cooling path. Cutting off the heat source supply refers to the process of completely stopping the supply of high-temperature media to the adsorption chiller unit by closing the shut-off valve on the waste heat collection module pipeline, in order to isolate the fault or provide protection. Switching to the main cooling source means changing the chilled water circulation path or adjusting relevant valves and pumps, so that the previously standby or auxiliary cold storage device can independently assume the responsibility of outputting the entire cooling load.

[0027] Understandably, when triggering conditions such as gas generator shutdown or adsorption chiller failure are detected, the unusable waste heat cooling path is immediately cut off and the cold storage device is seamlessly switched to the sole cold source. This creates an emergency cooling loop for the data center that is independent of the main system. In extreme cases where the heat source or core cooling equipment fails, the data center will not shut down due to overheating, thus ensuring the continuity of critical business operations.

[0028] Preferably, generating a predicted cooling load based on the waste heat supply parameters and the data center load parameters, and determining the operating mode based on the value and trend of the predicted cooling load, includes: The data center load parameters include the power consumption of the data center's IT equipment and the return air temperature of the server room. The basic cooling load is determined based on the power consumption of the IT equipment and corrected based on the return air temperature of the server room. The cooling load after correction for multiple consecutive collection cycles is assigned an increasing weight according to the collection time from far to near, and the weighted extrapolation is used to obtain the demand forecast cooling load. The available cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller is determined based on the waste heat supply parameters. The smaller value between the demand forecast cooling load and the available cooling capacity is taken as the forecast cooling load, and the rate of change of the forecast cooling load is calculated. When the value of the predicted cooling load is within the cooling range corresponding to the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit, and the rate of change of the predicted cooling load is lower than the preset rate of change threshold, the operating mode is determined to be the load tracking mode. The cooling range is defined based on the continuous cooling range of the adsorption refrigeration unit under the condition that the comprehensive heat source temperature is maintained within the preset driving temperature range. The upper limit of the continuous cooling range is lower than the peak cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration unit, and the lower limit of the continuous cooling range is higher than the minimum stable operating cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

[0029] It should be noted that IT equipment power consumption refers to the total input electrical power of all IT equipment such as servers and switches in the data center, measured in kW. For example, a real-time power consumption of 500kW almost entirely converts into heat, forming the main body of the cooling load. The server room return air temperature is the temperature of the air at the return air vents of the air conditioning terminals, measured in °C, such as 26°C. This reflects the deviation of the current thermal environment of the server room from the setpoint (e.g., 24°C) and is used to correct for additional cooling loads caused by ventilation, building envelope, etc. The basic cooling load is the initial cooling load obtained by multiplying the IT equipment power consumption by a coefficient slightly greater than 1 (considering power distribution losses and heat gain from the building envelope). A coefficient of 1.1 can be used, so a power consumption of 500kW corresponds to a basic cooling load of 550kW. The corrected cooling load is the additional cooling load caused by the return air temperature deviation added to the basic cooling load. For every 1°C above the setpoint, a correction of 5kW is added. If the deviation is +2°C, an additional 10kW is added, resulting in a corrected cooling load of 560kW. Weighted extrapolation assigns increasing weights to the corrected cooling load sequence over N consecutive acquisition cycles, from oldest to newest. For example, with N=5, the weights are 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 respectively. The weighted sum is then used as the predicted cooling load for the next control cycle. Available cooling capacity is the unit's current maximum cooling power, calculated using a heat exchange and refrigeration cycle model based on exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, in kW. For example, at an exhaust temperature of 480℃ and a cylinder liner cooling water temperature of 90℃, 105kW can be provided. The predicted cooling load is the smaller of the predicted cooling load and the available cooling capacity, avoiding setting unattainable targets beyond the unit's capacity. The rate of change is the amount of change in the predicted cooling load per unit time, obtained by dividing the difference between two adjacent predicted cooling loads by the acquisition cycle duration, in kW / min. The preset rate of change threshold is a threshold for judging the rate of change of cooling capacity to determine whether the load change is stable, for example, 5kW / min. The cooling range is the continuous cooling range calibrated by the adsorption chiller unit under the condition that the comprehensive heat source temperature is maintained within the driving temperature range. Its upper limit is lower than the peak cooling capacity of the unit and its lower limit is higher than the minimum stable operating cooling capacity of the unit. For example, for a unit with a rated cooling capacity of 100kW, the cooling range can be calibrated as 50kW to 95kW.

[0030] Understandably, by jointly modeling IT equipment power consumption and server room return air temperature, and using return air temperature deviation to correct the static defects of the pure power consumption reduction algorithm, a weighted extrapolation method with increasing weights is used to smooth random noise and highlight recent trends. Finally, the real-time available cooling capacity of the unit is used as an upper limit constraint, resulting in a predicted cooling load that accurately reflects actual cooling demand while ensuring physical feasibility. Based on this predicted cooling load, mode determination is performed: only when its value falls within the unit's high-efficiency cooling range and the rate of change is below a preset threshold is the operation mode determined to be load tracking mode. This ensures that fine-grained tracking adjustment is only activated when the operating conditions are stable and the unit's capacity is sufficient; otherwise, it switches to cold storage or emergency mode, achieving optimal matching of cooling supply and demand and accurate decision-making on the operation mode.

[0031] Specifically, the energy management system uses a fixed data collection cycle. (e.g., 10s) Obtain the total power consumption of IT devices from the PDU (kW), the return air temperature of the computer room is obtained from the temperature sensor. (°C). Perform the following calculations in each cycle: Base cooling load. ,in Set the margin factor (e.g., 1.1); read the return air temperature setpoint. Calculate temperature deviation Correcting cooling load ,in The temperature correction factor (e.g., 5 kW / ℃) is used to calculate the corrected cooling load based on the following principle: When the return air temperature in the computer room is higher than the set value, it indicates that the current cooling supply is insufficient, and there is an additional heat storage load in the computer room. A correction amount needs to be added to the basic cooling load to reflect the actual cooling demand. When the return air temperature is lower than the set value, it indicates that the cooling supply is excessive, and the corresponding correction amount needs to be deducted from the basic cooling load. This correction method is based on the principle of energy balance, using the return air temperature deviation as a quantitative indicator of the cooling supply-demand imbalance. The temperature correction factor linearly maps the temperature deviation to the cooling load correction amount, thus obtaining a corrected cooling load that is closer to the actual demand. (Retain the most recent value.) Corrected cooling load sequence for each cycle Assign weights Weighted extrapolation yields the demand forecast for cooling load. At the same time, based on the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature Obtain available cooling capacity (kW) It is not an explicit analytical expression, but a two-dimensional mapping relationship established through prior experimental calibration or thermodynamic simulation. This relationship uses discrete data points to form a two-dimensional lookup table, which records the values ​​in various... and Under the combined configuration, this represents the maximum stable cooling power output of the adsorption chiller unit within a preset driving temperature range. In actual control, when real-time measurements... and Then, by finding the four grid points in the table closest to the current operating condition and performing bilinear interpolation, the available cooling capacity under the current heat source conditions can be obtained. Take the predicted cooling load. Calculate the rate of change. (kW / min), where and These are the predicted cooling loads for the current cycle and the previous cycle, respectively. The mode management module determines: if... and If so, the operating mode is determined to be load tracking mode. For cooling range (e.g., 50-95kW). Set a preset rate of change threshold (e.g., 5kW / min).

[0032] Preferably, determining the operating mode based on the predicted cooling load value and its changing trend includes: When the predicted cooling load is lower than the lower limit of the cooling range, and the exhaust temperature in the waste heat supply parameters is higher than the preset air temperature threshold and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature is higher than the preset water temperature threshold, the operating mode is determined to be the cold storage mode.

[0033] It should be noted that the preset air temperature threshold is the lower limit of the exhaust temperature for determining whether there is sufficient exhaust waste heat, for example, 400℃. When the exhaust temperature is higher than this value, it indicates that the gas generator set is under medium to high load and the waste heat resources are sufficient. The preset water temperature threshold is the lower limit set for the cylinder liner cooling water temperature, for example, 85℃, used to help confirm the engine's thermal state and ensure that there is also sufficient waste heat to be recovered from the cylinder liner water side. The lower limit of the cooling range is the minimum cooling capacity at which the adsorption refrigeration unit can operate continuously, efficiently, and stably, for example, 50kW. When the predicted cooling load is consistently lower than this lower limit, if the unit is still made to operate according to the load, it will lead to inefficient operation of some loads or even frequent start-stop operations.

[0034] Understandably, by jointly judging whether the cooling load is below the lower limit of the high-efficiency zone and whether the waste heat temperature of both circuits is above their respective thresholds, the optimal window for cold storage with "low cooling demand and high heat source" is identified. At this point, the operating mode is decisively switched to cold storage mode, actively increasing the cooling output to the high-efficiency zone and storing the excess cooling capacity. This not only avoids inefficient operation of the unit but also converts the waste heat that might otherwise be emitted into stored cooling capacity, achieving efficient transfer of waste heat resources over time.

[0035] Specifically, in the mode management module of step S1, when the final predicted cooling load is obtained as described above... Less than the lower limit of the cooling range At that time, further read the current exhaust temperature. and cylinder liner cooling water temperature . judge and Whether it is valid, among which The preset temperature threshold (e.g., 400℃) is used. The preset water temperature threshold (e.g., 85℃) is used. If both temperature conditions are met, and the remaining cold storage capacity of the cold storage device is detected... If the value is greater than zero, a cold storage mode command will be output. If any temperature condition is not met, or the cold storage device is full, even if the cooling load is very low, the adsorption chiller will maintain the load tracking mode or enter standby mode to avoid insufficient cooling capacity or equipment damage caused by forcibly storing cold when the waste heat is insufficient.

[0036] Preferably, determining the operating mode based on the predicted cooling load value and its changing trend includes: When the predicted cooling load change rate exceeds the preset emergency change rate threshold, or the predicted cooling load value exceeds the peak cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit, or a shutdown signal of the gas generator set or a fault signal of the adsorption chiller unit is detected, the operating mode is determined to be the emergency mode. Wherein, the preset emergency change rate threshold is greater than the preset change rate threshold, and the preset emergency change rate threshold is calibrated based on the maximum release rate of the cold storage device.

[0037] It should be noted that the preset emergency change rate threshold is an upper limit for the rate of change of cooling load specifically used to trigger emergency protection. Its value is significantly higher than the change rate threshold in load tracking mode; for example, if the load tracking threshold is 5 kW / min, the emergency change rate threshold is set to 20 kW / min. This threshold is calibrated based on the maximum release rate of the chilled water storage device. This refers to the maximum cooling capacity that the cold storage device can safely and continuously output, measured in kW (e.g., 150kW). The calibration principle is to ensure that when the rate of change of cooling load reaches this threshold, the cold storage device can still guarantee that the data center temperature does not exceed the limit within a certain period of time even when releasing cooling at its maximum rate. Peak cooling capacity is the transient maximum cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit under optimal operating conditions, for example, 120kW. The gas generator set shutdown signal and the adsorption chiller unit fault signal are discrete status words sent by their respective controllers via the bus, indicating that the equipment has stopped operating or has experienced a serious fault.

[0038] Understandably, by setting up three parallel trigger paths—rapid demand change, absolute demand exceeding limits, and core equipment failure—all extreme conditions that could lead to cooling supply interruptions are fully covered. The emergency mode is immediately activated if any of these paths are triggered. In particular, the design matches the emergency change rate threshold with the maximum release capacity of the cold storage device, ensuring that the reserve cold source has sufficient power and energy margin to take over the load at the moment of switching, thus guaranteeing the timeliness and safety of emergency switching from a fundamental mechanism perspective.

[0039] Specifically, the predicted cooling load change rate is calculated in each control cycle. (Unit: kW / min) Comparison With emergency change rate threshold Simultaneously compare the predicted cooling load. With peak cooling capacity And monitor the operating status bits from the gas generator set and adsorption chiller unit. If or Upon receiving a shutdown / fault signal, immediately activate the emergency mode flag. The calibration process for the emergency change rate threshold is as follows: Given the maximum release rate of the cold storage device... Equivalent heat capacity of data centers Upper limit of safe temperature Current temperature Minimum guarantee time First, calculate the allowable temperature gradient. This gradient represents the temperature change from [previous temperature range] within the guaranteed time. Rise to The allowed rate is then used to calculate the corresponding upper limit of the safe cooling capacity deficit power. This means that if the cooling power shortfall exceeds this value, the temperature will reach its upper limit in a shorter time. The load change rate threshold should ensure that when the change rate reaches this value, the cold storage device can supplement with a maximum of 150kW, calibrated after considering a safety factor. Specifically, the calibration logic for the preset emergency change rate threshold is as follows: the maximum release rate of the cold storage device is... The data center estimates the average cooling load during the emergency period to be [missing information]. The remaining cooling capacity that the cold storage device can supplement is: This margin corresponds to the amount of cooling load increase that can be tolerated per unit time, i.e., the emergency change rate threshold. ,in The unit time (1 minute) is taken into account, with a safety factor. back, The calibration process described above ensures that when the rate of change in cooling load reaches this threshold, the cold storage device can still replenish the power gap per unit time and maintain the stability of the data center temperature even when releasing cold at its maximum rate.

[0040] Preferably, when the operating mode is load tracking mode, dynamically adjusting the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module according to the waste heat supply parameters to maintain the comprehensive heat source temperature of the input adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range includes: The exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature of the gas generator set are obtained, and the exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount and cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount are determined according to the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, respectively. The medium flow rate adjustment of the exhaust branch and the medium flow rate adjustment of the cylinder liner branch are superimposed to synchronously adjust the medium flow rate of the corresponding branch in the waste heat collection module. The exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the deviation between the exhaust temperature and the first temperature target value, and the cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the deviation between the cylinder liner cooling water temperature and the second temperature target value. The first temperature target value and the second temperature target value are obtained by splitting the nominal center value of the preset driving temperature range. The superposition result of the exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount and the cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount makes the comprehensive heat source temperature approach the nominal center value.

[0041] It should be noted that the medium flow rate adjustment in the exhaust branch is... It is the adjustment value applied to the heat transfer oil flow rate in the exhaust waste heat collection branch, in units of The temperature is calculated using PID control based on the deviation between the exhaust branch heat transfer oil outlet temperature and the first target temperature value. The first target temperature value is the expected outlet temperature of this branch, derived from the center value of the drive temperature range (e.g., 150℃) and the natural high-temperature characteristics of the exhaust side, for example, 160℃. The second target temperature value is the expected outlet temperature of the cylinder liner water branch, for example, 130℃, and is calculated similarly. The nominal center value is the midpoint of the drive temperature range, such as 150℃ for the range [140℃, 160℃]. The comprehensive heat source temperature is the mass flow rate-weighted average temperature after the media from the two branches are mixed, and it can directly affect the generator of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

[0042] Understandably, by decoupling the overall control task of the integrated heat source temperature into two independent closed loops, each branch performs PID regulation based on the target temperature that matches the heat source characteristics, and then the two regulation values ​​are algebraically superimposed and executed synchronously, the exhaust side and cylinder liner water side can be independently corrected when subjected to their respective disturbances, and the regulation of one side will not disrupt the balance of the other side. Finally, the mixing temperature stabilizes rapidly and without oscillation to the center value, ensuring that the refrigeration unit operates under the optimal heat source conditions.

[0043] Specifically, in load tracking mode, the dual-loop decoupling controller obtains the exhaust branch heat transfer oil outlet temperature. (Approximately the temperature after passing through the heat exchanger) and the outlet temperature of the heat transfer oil in the cylinder liner water branch. The controller has a preset first temperature target value. Second temperature target value PID1 is based on the deviation. Calculate the flow regulation of the exhaust branch. ,in The proportional gain of the exhaust branch PID controller (unit) ), Integral gain (units) ), Differential gain (unit) The three parameters (PID1, PID2, and PID3) are obtained offline through the Ziegler-Nichols tuning method or trial-and-error method based on the thermal inertia and flow response characteristics of the exhaust branch heat exchanger. calculate , ,in These are the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain of the PID controller in the cylinder liner branch, respectively. Total regulation. Based on the current baseline flow rate of each branch road , Based on this, The final flow rate is obtained by allocating the flow rate according to the proportion of the current baseline flow rate of each branch. , Similarly, consider the overall heat source temperature. By adjusting Approaching 150℃. Regarding the overall heat source temperature... Since the heat transfer oils in the two branches have different temperatures before mixing (higher temperature in the exhaust branch and lower temperature in the cylinder liner water branch), the temperature after mixing should be calculated as a weighted average of the mass flow rates of each branch. Let the density of the heat transfer oil in the exhaust branch be... (unit ), volumetric flow rate is (unit The outlet temperature is (Unit: °C); Density of heat transfer oil in cylinder liner water branch is... (unit ), volumetric flow rate is (unit The outlet temperature is (Unit: °C). The mass flow rate of the exhaust branch is then: (Unit: kg / s), the mass flow rate of the cylinder liner water branch is... (Unit: kg / s). According to the law of conservation of energy, the combined heat source temperature after mixing... It is the average temperature after the exhaust branch and cylinder liner water branch media are mixed.

[0044] Preferably, when the operating mode is cold storage mode, dynamically adjusting the medium flow rate of the waste heat collection module according to the waste heat supply parameters to maintain the comprehensive heat source temperature input to the adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range includes: The exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature of the gas generator set are obtained, the comprehensive heat source temperature is calculated based on the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, and the remaining cold storage capacity of the cold storage device is obtained. When the temperature of the integrated heat source is lower than the upper limit of the preset driving temperature range and the remaining cold storage capacity is greater than zero, the medium flow rate of the waste heat collection module is adjusted to the preset maximum heat recovery flow rate to maximize the cooling output of the adsorption chiller unit. When the temperature of the integrated heat source reaches the upper limit of the preset driving temperature range, the flow rate of the medium is reduced so that the temperature of the integrated heat source drops back below the upper limit. The maximum heat recovery flow rate is calibrated based on the total waste heat power corresponding to the exhaust temperature and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature, and the maximum heat recovery flow rate is greater than the nominal value of the medium flow rate in the load tracking mode.

[0045] It should be noted that the maximum heat recovery flow rate (unit It is based on the real-time exhaust temperature. (°C) and cylinder liner cooling water temperature The total waste heat power is calculated in °C, taking into account the allowable temperature rise of the heat transfer oil and the maximum safe flow rate specified by the heat exchanger's heat transfer limit. The calculation method is as follows: First, calculate the recoverable heat power on the exhaust side. ,in This refers to the exhaust mass flow rate (unit: kg / s). Specific heat capacity of exhaust gas (unit) ), The ambient temperature (in °C) is used as an indicator; then the recoverable heat power on the cylinder liner water side is calculated. ,in The mass flow rate of the cylinder liner water is expressed in kg / s. Specific heat capacity of cylinder liner water (unit) Total waste heat power (Unit: kW); Assume the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer oil is... (unit ), density is (unit (Allows a temperature rise of) ,but Upper limit of the driving temperature range. (°C) is the maximum allowable continuous operating temperature of the unit's materials and working fluid, for example... Medium flow rate generally refers to the total flow rate of heat transfer oil in the waste heat harvesting module, which is determined by the exhaust branch flow rate. ( ) and cylinder liner water branch flow rate ( The sum of these constitutes the overall heat source temperature. (°C) refers to the average temperature of the heat transfer oil mixture in the exhaust branch and cylinder liner water branch, which directly serves as the driving heat source for the adsorption refrigeration unit generator. This is because the density of the heat transfer oil varies at different temperatures. ( There are differences (thermal expansion and contraction lead to lower density in high-temperature branches), and directly using volumetric flow rate weighting would introduce systematic errors. Therefore, a mass flow rate weighting algorithm is used to eliminate this effect. (Exhaust branch mass flow rate) (kg / s), mass flow rate of cylinder liner water branch (kg / s), of which , The branch outlet temperature is obtained by looking up a pre-stored temperature-density table. , (°C) is obtained by actual measurement from sensors located at the branch outlet, or calculated using a heat exchanger energy balance model: ,in The overall heat transfer coefficient ( ), The heat exchange area is (m²). The specific heat capacity of heat transfer oil ( The final combined heat source temperature is determined by the mass flow rate weighted average formula: .

[0046] Understandably, the cold storage mode aims to maximize heat extraction while ensuring equipment safety. By monitoring in real-time whether the overall heat source temperature reaches its upper limit and whether there is remaining space in the storage tank, a "red line" control system is established: when the upper limit is not reached and there is space, the flow rate is directly locked at the maximum heat recovery flow rate matching the current total waste heat power, allowing the chiller to operate at full capacity; once the temperature reaches the limit, the flow rate is immediately and proactively reduced to bring the temperature back to a safe range. This control strategy pushes the heat extraction capacity to its physical limit within the temperature red line, significantly improving the waste heat capture rate and cold storage efficiency. The use of a mass flow rate weighted algorithm to calculate the overall heat source temperature avoids the volumetric flow rate distortion caused by changes in the density of the heat transfer oil with temperature, making temperature monitoring more accurate and thus more reliably controlling the temperature to stay within limits during extreme heat extraction.

[0047] Specifically, in cold storage mode, the controller performs the following operations in each control cycle: first, it reads the temperature of the heat transfer oil at the outlet of the exhaust branch. (Sensor measured value) and heat transfer oil temperature at the cylinder liner water branch outlet (Sensor measured values), and the current flow rates of the two branches. , The density value at the corresponding temperature can be obtained by looking up a temperature-density table. , Then, substitute the values ​​into the mass flow weighted formula to calculate the overall heat source temperature. Simultaneously read the remaining cold storage capacity of the cold storage device. (kWh), specifically, the temperature distribution of the phase change cold storage spheres is monitored by a temperature sensor array arranged inside the cold storage device. Combined with the total volume of the cold storage device and the latent heat of phase change of the phase change material, the controller calculates the current stored cold capacity. The remaining cold storage capacity is then obtained by subtracting the stored cold capacity from the total capacity. If and The controller then adjusts the output based on the real-time exhaust temperature. and cylinder liner cooling water temperature Calculate the maximum heat recovery flow rate The calculation method is as follows: calculate the recoverable heat power on the exhaust side. ,in This refers to the exhaust mass flow rate (unit: kg / s). Specific heat capacity of exhaust gas (unit) ), Ambient temperature (°C); Calculate the recoverable heat power on the cylinder liner water side. ,in The mass flow rate of the cylinder liner water is expressed in kg / s. Specific heat capacity of cylinder liner water (unit) Total waste heat power Assume the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer oil is... (unit ), density is (unit (Allows a temperature rise of) (unit: °C) Ensure that in a given The following During flow operation, the outlet temperature of the heat transfer oil in the heat exchanger does not exceed the rated value and No more than The controller outputs this flow rate as the total flow target, and distributes it according to the proportion of waste heat power in each branch. and The instruction value is allocated as follows: calculate the waste heat power of the exhaust branch. and cylinder liner water branch waste heat power Total waste heat power ; Calculate the power ratio of each branch Distribute the total flow rate according to the power ratio to obtain the exhaust branch flow rate command. Cylinder liner water branch flow command .like The controller will then multiply the current total flow by the attenuation factor. Receive the new total flow command and continuously monitor it. Until it falls back to The following; if during the pullback... If the limit is still exceeded, continue pressing... Attenuation. If If the cold storage flow control is interrupted, the flow rate will be switched back to the nominal value of the load tracking mode.

[0048] Preferably, when the operating mode is load tracking mode, dynamically adjusting the adsorption phase duration and desorption phase duration of the adsorption chiller unit according to the predicted rate of change of cooling load includes the following steps: Step A: Obtain the predicted rate of change of cooling load and calculate the total cycle time of the current adsorption phase duration and the desorption phase duration; Step B: Compare the rate of change with a preset adjustment threshold: If the rate of change is less than the preset adjustment threshold, the current adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration remain unchanged, and the process returns to step A to continue monitoring. If the rate of change is not less than the preset adjustment threshold, proceed to step C; Step C: Based on the difference between the rate of change and the preset adjustment threshold, calculate the adjustment amount for the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration according to the adjustment coefficient, wherein the adjustment amount for the adsorption stage duration and the adjustment amount for the desorption stage duration are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so as to keep the total cycle period unchanged. Step D: Apply the adsorption stage duration adjustment amount to the current adsorption stage duration, and apply the desorption stage duration adjustment amount to the current desorption stage duration to obtain the adjusted adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration. Step E: Perform the following judgment: Judgment 1: Determine whether the adjusted adsorption phase duration is between the preset minimum and maximum adsorption duration; Judgment 2: Determine whether the adjusted desorption phase duration is between the preset minimum and maximum desorption duration. If both condition one and condition two are true, then proceed directly to step F; If judgment one is not true, then the adjusted adsorption stage duration is set to the limit value corresponding to the minimum adsorption duration or the maximum adsorption duration, and the adjusted desorption stage duration is adjusted to the total cycle period minus the limit value, so that the total cycle period remains unchanged. If judgment two is not true, then the adjusted desorption stage duration is set to the limit value corresponding to the minimum desorption duration or the maximum desorption duration, and the adjusted adsorption stage duration is adjusted to the total cycle period minus the limit value, so that the total cycle period remains unchanged. Step F: Output the adjusted adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration to the adsorption chiller unit, and return to step A; The adjustment coefficient is calibrated based on the adsorption / desorption time response curve corresponding to the unit cooling load change rate of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

[0049] It should be noted that the preset adjustment threshold (Unit: kW / min) is the dead zone value for start-up duration adjustment, for example, 2 kW / min, used to filter out small load fluctuations and avoid frequent adjustments to the duration when the load change is extremely small. Adjustment coefficient It is a proportional factor that converts the rate of change deviation into a duration adjustment amount, obtained through unit step response experiments. For example, when the cooling load change rate exceeds the threshold by 1 kW / min, the required change in adsorption or desorption duration is 10 s. Total cycle time This is the sum of the durations of the complete adsorption and desorption phases, kept constant, for example, 600 seconds, to maintain the continuity of the refrigeration cycle. The adsorption phase duration is adjusted by... (unit: seconds) and adjustment amount for desorption phase duration (Unit: seconds) is the correction value applied to the current duration, satisfying... That is, equal in size and opposite in direction, achieving a symmetrical redistribution of time within the cycle. Minimum adsorption time (unit: seconds) and maximum adsorption time (Unit: s) is determined by the physical properties of the adsorbent and the heat and mass transfer process, for example, 50 s and 400 s; minimum desorption time (unit: seconds) and maximum desorption time The unit (s) is determined by the generator heating and regeneration process, for example, 100s and 500s. These boundaries ensure that the refrigeration cycle always operates within physically feasible limits. Adjusted adsorption time. (unit: seconds) and desorption time (Unit: seconds) The final output is sent to the chiller controller.

[0050] Understandably, by setting a dead zone on the rate of change of cooling load, frequent and unnecessary changes in duration caused by minor fluctuations are avoided, thus enhancing system stability. Once the rate of change exceeds the limit, the adsorption and desorption times are linearly and symmetrically redistributed according to the magnitude of the deviation, while the total cycle remains unchanged. This allows for on-demand adjustment of cooling output without disrupting the refrigeration cycle rhythm, achieving smooth tracking of load changes. The boundary limiting and complementary adjustment mechanism in step E further ensures that even under large deviations, no duration will exceed the physically permissible range, and the constraint of a constant total cycle is always satisfied. The system always operates in a safe state, achieving a unified dynamic and precise tracking of cooling supply and unit self-protection.

[0051] Specifically, in load tracking mode, the duration regulator in step S3 performs the following steps before the start of each cooling cycle. Step A: Obtain the current predicted cooling load change rate provided in step S1. (Unit: kW / min) Read the duration of the current adsorption stage. (unit: seconds) and duration of desorption phase (Unit: seconds), calculate the total cycle time. (This should be a constant value, such as 600s). Step B: [The text abruptly ends here, likely due to an incomplete sentence or a formatting error.] With preset adjustment threshold In comparison, if If no adjustment is made, return to step A and wait for the next loop; if Proceed to step C. Step C: Calculate the difference. (Unit: kW / min), absolute value of adjustment (Unit: s). Then according to The sign determines the adjustment direction: if (If the load increases, more cooling capacity is needed), then , ;like (Load decrease), then , Step D: Calculate the adjusted duration , Step E: Perform boundary checks. Is it in Inside, check Is it in If all conditions are met, proceed directly to step F. If... Then forced and order ;like Then forced and order .right The same principle applies to handling boundary crossings: if Then forced and order ;like Then forced and order If another item also goes out of bounds during the compensation process, the item that went out of bounds first will be clamped, and the other item will be automatically subtracted from the total period to ensure that the total period remains unchanged. Step F: The final adjusted... and Write the value to the refrigeration unit controller; the next refrigeration cycle will execute at this duration, then return to step A to continue monitoring. Adjustment coefficient. The calibration is performed through offline testing: Under standard operating conditions, a step disturbance of unit cooling load change rate (e.g., 1 kW / min) is applied to the unit, and the change in adsorption / desorption time required to rematch the cooling output is measured. For example, if 10 s / (kW / min) is measured, the calibration is complete. .

[0052] Preferably, in step S3, when the operating mode is cold storage mode, the following steps are included: Step a: Obtain the current and target cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, calculate the remaining cold storage capacity required, and preliminarily determine the reference cold storage adsorption time and reference cold storage desorption time based on the remaining cold storage capacity required and the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode. The reference cold storage adsorption time and the reference cold storage desorption time are both greater than the adsorption stage time and desorption stage time in the load tracking mode, and the sum of the reference cold storage adsorption time and the reference cold storage desorption time is equal to the preset total cold storage cycle period. Step b: Set the current adsorption stage duration to the benchmark cold storage adsorption duration, set the current desorption stage duration to the benchmark cold storage desorption duration, and start the cold storage cycle; Step c: After each cold storage cycle, detect the actual increase in the cold storage capacity of the cold storage device and calculate the actual cold storage rate; Step d: Calculate the required average cold storage rate based on the current remaining cold storage capacity and remaining available time, and dynamically adjust the total cold storage cycle based on the comparison between the required average cold storage rate and the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode, combined with the charging efficiency of the cold storage device. Specifically, when the required average cold storage rate is less than the rated cooling capacity, the total cold storage cycle is increased, and the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration are increased respectively according to the preset adsorption / desorption duration allocation ratio; when the required average cold storage rate is greater than the rated cooling capacity, the total cold storage cycle is decreased, and the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration are decreased respectively according to the allocation ratio. Step e: Repeat steps c and d until the current cold storage capacity reaches the target cold storage capacity, then exit the cold storage mode and switch to the load tracking mode or standby mode; The target cold storage rate is calculated based on the remaining required cold storage capacity and the preset cold storage completion time.

[0053] It should be noted that the baseline cold storage adsorption time and baseline cold storage desorption time are the initial cycle times estimated at the start of cold storage based on the remaining required cold storage capacity and the rated cooling capacity of the unit. The sum of the two is equal to the preset total cold storage cycle period. For example, with an initial cycle of 1200s, when allocated according to a preset ratio of 1:1, the baseline adsorption and desorption times are each 600s, both longer than the typical 300s time in load tracking mode, to ensure more efficient cooling in each cycle during cold storage. Actual cold storage rate It is the average cooling power actually charged into the cold storage device within a cycle, which is the increase in the cold storage capacity during that cycle. The required average cooling storage rate is obtained by dividing the cycle length (in kWh) by the cycle duration (converted to hours, h). It is based on the current remaining required cooling capacity. (kWh) and remaining available time (h) Calculate the target charging and cooling power. (kW). Cooling efficiency This is the effective coefficient after considering heat loss during the cold storage process, for example, 0.95. Total cold storage cycle time. It is the sum of adsorption and desorption times, and is an adjustable variable during the cold storage process. When dynamically adjusted, the duration of the two stages is scaled synchronously according to a preset allocation ratio (e.g., 1:1). The target cold storage rate, i.e., the required average cold storage rate, is determined by the remaining cold storage capacity and the preset cold storage completion time.

[0054] Understandably, the cold storage process employs a baseline start-up and feedback-based correction strategy. Initially, a relatively long baseline cycle is set based on the remaining cold storage capacity and rated cooling capacity, allowing the unit to enter a high-efficiency cold storage state. After each cycle, the current cold storage pace is judged by comparing the actual charging rate with the required average rate under time constraints: when the actual rate is higher than the required rate, it indicates ample time, and extending the cycle can reduce the cycle frequency, minimizing losses caused by frequent transients and making the thermodynamic process of each cycle more stable and efficient; when the actual rate is lower than the required rate, it indicates time constraints, and the cycle is shortened to increase the average cooling capacity output, striving to complete the cold storage task on time. This closed-loop speed control mechanism automatically optimizes the operating point towards greater energy efficiency while ensuring the timely completion of the cold storage task.

[0055] Specifically, in step a: after the cold storage mode is activated, the controller reads the current cold storage capacity of the cold storage device. (kWh) and target cold storage capacity (kWh), calculate the remaining required cooling capacity. Target cold storage capacity The determination is based on a comprehensive consideration of the following factors: First, the peak cooling load from the data center's historical load data. Calculate the theoretical required cold storage capacity based on the estimated emergency response duration (in units); then consider the total capacity of the cold storage device. and cooling efficiency ,Pick ,in To ensure the maximum allowable charging rate of the cold storage device (e.g., 0.9), the target cold storage capacity must meet emergency needs without exceeding the physical capacity limits of the device. Read the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode. (e.g., 110kW) and cooling efficiency (e.g., 0.95). Preliminary estimate of the total time required for cold storage. (h). Based on the preset initial value of the total cold storage cycle. (e.g., 1200s) and the allocation ratio (e.g., 1:1) determine the baseline cold storage adsorption time. Baseline cold storage desorption time Step b: Set the adsorption phase duration of the current cycle to... The desorption phase duration is set to The refrigeration unit executes the cold storage cycle for this duration. Step c: One complete cold storage cycle (duration) After the cycle ends, the actual increase in cold storage capacity during that cycle is read by the cold storage device's cold energy meter. (kWh), calculate the actual cold storage rate (kW). Step d: Update remaining required cooling capacity. Update remaining available time (Obtained by subtracting the elapsed time from the preset total time for cold storage completion). Calculate the required average cold storage rate. .Will and Comparison: If This indicates that the current cooling capacity is higher than required to complete the task, and there is ample time for the controller to execute. ,in Set a preset step size (e.g., 100s), and increase the adsorption and desorption times synchronously according to the allocated ratio; if This indicates that the current cooling capacity is insufficient to complete the task on time, and the controller is executing... The adsorption and desorption times are reduced proportionally; if they are equal or within an acceptable error range, the current cycle is maintained. When the required average cooling rate exceeds the rated cooling capacity, it indicates that even with full-load operation, the cycle cannot be completed on time. In addition to shortening the cycle to its shortest possible value, the controller should also issue an alarm. Step e: Repeat steps c and d until the current cooling capacity is reached. At this point, the cold storage task is completed, the controller exits the cold storage mode, switches the operating mode to load tracking mode or standby mode, and restores the adsorption / desorption time to the set value of the corresponding mode.

[0056] Preferably, step S4 includes: Obtain the current temperature of the data center, the preset safe temperature limit, and the current cooling capacity of the cooling storage device; The allowable temperature rise gradient is calculated based on the difference between the current temperature and the preset safe upper limit temperature. The maximum sustainable release rate of the cold storage device is determined based on the allowable temperature rise gradient and the equivalent heat capacity of the data center. The release rate of the cold storage device is adjusted to not exceed the maximum sustainable release rate in order to maintain the temperature of the data center below the preset safe temperature limit. The system monitors the temperature changes in the data center in real time. When the current temperature approaches the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is reduced to slow down the temperature rise; when the current temperature is far from the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is increased to improve cooling efficiency. When the gas generator set resumes operation and the adsorption chiller unit is cleared of its fault, the waste heat collection module resumes supplying heat to the adsorption chiller unit and the cold storage device is switched back to auxiliary cold source mode.

[0057] It should be noted that the upper limit of the safe temperature (Unit: °C) represents the maximum permissible ambient temperature for a data center, such as 35 °C. IT equipment is at risk of damage if the room temperature exceeds this value. Current Temperature (°C) represents the real-time average temperature of the cold aisle in the computer room, for example, 32°C. Minimum uptime. (Unit: h) represents the lower limit of the time the system expects to maintain the temperature within limits during an emergency. Initially, this can be dynamically set based on the remaining cold storage capacity, for example, 10 minutes is equivalent to 1 / 6 h. Temperature difference. (°C) indicates the margin between the current temperature and the safe upper limit. Allowable temperature rise gradient. (Unit: °C / h) refers to the temperature change from [temperature range] within the guaranteed time. Rise to The maximum permissible average temperature rise rate, for example, 3℃ ÷ (1 / 6h) = 18℃ / h. Equivalent heat capacity. (Unit: kWh / ℃) is a quantitative parameter of the overall thermal inertia of a data center, representing the amount of heat that needs to be absorbed to increase the room temperature by 1℃, for example, 5 kWh / ℃. Maximum sustainable heat release rate. (Unit: kW) represents the maximum cooling capacity that the cold storage device can safely output while meeting the allowable temperature rise gradient. If the release rate exceeds this value, the temperature will reach the safe upper limit in a shorter time. Release rate (Unit: kW) represents the actual cooling power output of the chilled water storage device, controlled by adjusting the chilled water pump frequency or valve opening. The approach threshold (e.g., 2°C) is used to determine if the temperature is approaching the safe upper limit. When the load is below this threshold, cooling should be actively reduced. Resumption switching refers to the process of smoothly transferring the cooling load from the cold storage device back to the main refrigeration system after the gas generator unit restarts and the adsorption chiller unit malfunctions.

[0058] Understandably, the cooling capacity of the cold storage device in emergency mode is limited. It is necessary to calculate the upper limit of safe cooling power that can both delay the temperature rise and avoid excessive consumption of cooling capacity using the quantitative relationship between temperature margin and thermal inertia. This upper limit serves as a hard constraint to ensure that the initial power release does not cause the temperature to reach the safe upper limit prematurely. Based on this, the release rate is fine-tuned a second time according to the real-time temperature margin trend. The core logic is to achieve the longest emergency protection time in the most energy-efficient way, without exceeding the safe upper limit. Specifically, when the current temperature approaches the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is reduced. The purpose is to reduce the cooling consumption per unit time, spreading the limited cold storage capacity over a longer period, thereby delaying the process of the temperature reaching the safe upper limit and buying more time for system maintenance or mains power restoration. This does not directly reduce the instantaneous temperature rise rate, but rather sacrifices some cooling intensity in exchange for a longer total protection time. Conversely, when the current temperature is far from the preset safe temperature limit and the temperature margin is large, the release rate can be appropriately increased to the maximum sustainable release rate to improve cooling efficiency and reduce the computer room temperature more quickly, thus reserving more cooling capacity for possible long-term emergencies. Furthermore, with sufficient temperature margin, moderately increasing the cooling power will not pose a threat to system safety. Therefore, through this differentiated adjustment strategy of "decelerating when approaching the safety red line to extend the protection time and accelerating when far from the red line to improve efficiency," the emergency protection time can be maximized under limited cooling capacity conditions, and a seamless switchover can be completed after the main system recovers.

[0059] Specifically, after the emergency mode is activated, the controller obtains the average temperature of the computer room. (°C), Upper limit of safe temperature (e.g., 35℃), current cold storage capacity of the cold storage device (kWh) and equivalent heat capacity (kWh / ℃). First, calculate the temperature difference. (°C). The shortest guarantee time is dynamically determined based on the remaining cold storage capacity: ,in To estimate the average cooling load (kW) during the emergency period. The method for determining the value is as follows: In the control cycle preceding the entry into emergency mode, the actual cooling load of the data center is obtained (this actual cooling load is calculated based on the power consumption of IT equipment and the return air temperature of the server room, and the calculation method is the same as the calculation method for the corrected cooling load), and this actual cooling load is used as... The initial value, if If sufficient, a fixed lower limit is used, such as 10 minutes. Then, the allowable temperature rise gradient is calculated. (℃ / h), and then calculate the maximum sustainable release rate. (kW). The controller will send a release rate command to the cold storage unit. Restricted to Continuous monitoring followed. and :when Less than a preset proximity threshold (e.g., 2°C) and When it is on an upward trend, Multiply by the attenuation coefficient (e.g., 0.8), further reduce the cooling power to slow down the temperature rise; when Recover to above 3℃ and When stable, the attenuation coefficient is restored to 1.0, allowing... rebounded to The switching process is initiated when the following conditions are met simultaneously: the gas generator set resumes operation with a valid signal, the adsorption chiller unit's fault is resolved, and the overall heat source temperature re-enters the drive temperature range. The controller gradually increases the output of the adsorption chiller unit at a preset ramp rate (e.g., 10kW per minute), while simultaneously decreasing the release rate of the cold storage device at the same rate, until the cold storage device completely exits the main cooling state and switches to auxiliary standby.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of a gas generator set, characterized in that, The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets is applied to a waste heat adsorption refrigeration system composed of a gas generator set, a waste heat collection module, an adsorption refrigeration unit, a cold storage device, and a data center. The waste heat generated by the gas generator set is recovered by the waste heat collection module and then drives the adsorption refrigeration unit to generate cooling capacity. This cooling capacity is supplied to the data center, and excess cooling capacity is stored by the cold storage device and released when needed. The method includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the waste heat supply parameters of the gas generator set and the data center load parameters, generate a predicted cooling load based on the waste heat supply parameters and the data center load parameters, and determine the operating mode according to the value and trend of the predicted cooling load. The operating mode includes at least load tracking mode, cold storage mode and emergency mode. S2: When the operating mode is load tracking mode or cold storage mode, the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module is dynamically adjusted according to the waste heat supply parameters to keep the comprehensive heat source temperature of the input adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range. S3: When the operating mode is load tracking mode, the adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration of the adsorption chiller are dynamically adjusted according to the predicted rate of change of cooling load; when the operating mode is cold storage mode, the adsorption chiller is controlled to increase the output of cooling capacity and store the excess cooling capacity in the cold storage device, and the adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration are adjusted to the cold storage adsorption duration and cold storage desorption duration, respectively. The cold storage adsorption duration is longer than the adsorption stage duration in the load tracking mode, and the cold storage desorption duration is longer than the desorption stage duration in the load tracking mode. The cold storage device is set up in parallel with the adsorption chiller. S4: When the operating mode is emergency mode, the heat source supply from the waste heat collection module to the adsorption chiller is cut off, and the cold storage device is switched to the main cold source. The emergency mode is triggered at least when the gas generator set stops or the adsorption chiller fails.

2. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the waste heat supply parameters and the data center load parameters, a predicted cooling load is generated, and the operating mode is determined according to the value and trend of the predicted cooling load, including: The data center load parameters include the power consumption of the data center's IT equipment and the return air temperature of the server room. The basic cooling load is determined based on the power consumption of the IT equipment and corrected based on the return air temperature of the server room. The cooling load after correction for multiple consecutive collection cycles is assigned an increasing weight according to the collection time from far to near, and the weighted extrapolation is used to obtain the demand forecast cooling load. The available cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller is determined based on the waste heat supply parameters. The smaller value between the demand forecast cooling load and the available cooling capacity is taken as the forecast cooling load, and the rate of change of the forecast cooling load is calculated. When the value of the predicted cooling load is within the cooling range corresponding to the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit, and the rate of change of the predicted cooling load is lower than the preset rate of change threshold, the operating mode is determined to be the load tracking mode. The cooling range is defined based on the continuous cooling range of the adsorption refrigeration unit under the condition that the comprehensive heat source temperature is maintained within the preset driving temperature range. The upper limit of the continuous cooling range is lower than the peak cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration unit, and the lower limit of the continuous cooling range is higher than the minimum stable operating cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

3. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the operating mode based on the predicted cooling load value and trend includes: When the predicted cooling load is lower than the lower limit of the cooling range, and the exhaust temperature in the waste heat supply parameters is higher than the preset air temperature threshold and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature is higher than the preset water temperature threshold, the operating mode is determined to be the cold storage mode.

4. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operating mode is determined based on the predicted cooling load value and its changing trend, including: When the predicted cooling load change rate exceeds the preset emergency change rate threshold, or the predicted cooling load value exceeds the peak cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit, or a shutdown signal of the gas generator set or a fault signal of the adsorption chiller unit is detected, the operating mode is determined to be the emergency mode. Wherein, the preset emergency change rate threshold is greater than the preset change rate threshold, and the preset emergency change rate threshold is calibrated based on the maximum release rate of the cold storage device.

5. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the operating mode is load tracking mode, the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module is dynamically adjusted according to the waste heat supply parameters to maintain the comprehensive heat source temperature of the adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range, including: The exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature of the gas generator set are obtained, and the exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount and cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount are determined according to the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, respectively. The medium flow rate adjustment of the exhaust branch and the medium flow rate adjustment of the cylinder liner branch are superimposed to synchronously adjust the medium flow rate of the corresponding branch in the waste heat collection module. The exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the deviation between the exhaust temperature and the first temperature target value, and the cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount is determined based on the deviation between the cylinder liner cooling water temperature and the second temperature target value. The first temperature target value and the second temperature target value are obtained by splitting the nominal center value of the preset driving temperature range. The superposition result of the exhaust branch medium flow rate adjustment amount and the cylinder liner branch medium flow rate adjustment amount makes the comprehensive heat source temperature approach the nominal center value.

6. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the operating mode is cold storage mode, the medium flow rate of the waste heat acquisition module is dynamically adjusted according to the waste heat supply parameters to maintain the comprehensive heat source temperature of the adsorption chiller unit within the preset driving temperature range, including: The exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature of the gas generator set are obtained, the comprehensive heat source temperature is calculated based on the exhaust temperature and cylinder liner cooling water temperature, and the remaining cold storage capacity of the cold storage device is obtained. When the temperature of the integrated heat source is lower than the upper limit of the preset driving temperature range and the remaining cold storage capacity is greater than zero, the medium flow rate of the waste heat collection module is adjusted to the preset maximum heat recovery flow rate to maximize the cooling output of the adsorption chiller unit. When the temperature of the integrated heat source reaches the upper limit of the preset driving temperature range, the flow rate of the medium is reduced so that the temperature of the integrated heat source drops back below the upper limit. The maximum heat recovery flow rate is calibrated based on the total waste heat power corresponding to the exhaust temperature and the cylinder liner cooling water temperature, and the maximum heat recovery flow rate is greater than the nominal value of the medium flow rate in the load tracking mode.

7. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the operating mode is load tracking mode, dynamically adjusting the adsorption phase duration and desorption phase duration of the adsorption chiller based on the predicted rate of change of cooling load includes the following steps: Step A: Obtain the predicted rate of change of cooling load and calculate the total cycle time of the current adsorption phase duration and the desorption phase duration; Step B: Compare the rate of change with a preset adjustment threshold: If the rate of change is less than the preset adjustment threshold, the current adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration remain unchanged, and the process returns to step A to continue monitoring. If the rate of change is not less than the preset adjustment threshold, proceed to step C; Step C: Based on the difference between the rate of change and the preset adjustment threshold, calculate the adjustment amount for the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration according to the adjustment coefficient, wherein the adjustment amount for the adsorption stage duration and the adjustment amount for the desorption stage duration are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so as to keep the total cycle period unchanged. Step D: Apply the adsorption stage duration adjustment amount to the current adsorption stage duration, and apply the desorption stage duration adjustment amount to the current desorption stage duration to obtain the adjusted adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration. Step E: Perform the following judgment: Judgment 1: Determine whether the adjusted adsorption phase duration is between the preset minimum and maximum adsorption duration; Judgment 2: Determine whether the adjusted desorption phase duration is between the preset minimum and maximum desorption duration. If both condition one and condition two are true, then proceed directly to step F; If judgment one is not true, then the adjusted adsorption stage duration is set to the limit value corresponding to the minimum adsorption duration or the maximum adsorption duration, and the adjusted desorption stage duration is adjusted to the total cycle period minus the limit value, so that the total cycle period remains unchanged. If judgment two is not true, then the adjusted desorption stage duration is set to the limit value corresponding to the minimum desorption duration or the maximum desorption duration, and the adjusted adsorption stage duration is adjusted to the total cycle period minus the limit value, so that the total cycle period remains unchanged. Step F: Output the adjusted adsorption stage duration and desorption stage duration to the adsorption chiller unit, and return to step A; The adjustment coefficient is calibrated based on the adsorption / desorption time response curve corresponding to the unit cooling load change rate of the adsorption refrigeration unit.

8. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when the operating mode is cold storage mode, the following steps are included: Step a: Obtain the current and target cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, calculate the remaining cold storage capacity required, and preliminarily determine the reference cold storage adsorption time and reference cold storage desorption time based on the remaining cold storage capacity required and the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode. The reference cold storage adsorption time and the reference cold storage desorption time are both greater than the adsorption stage time and desorption stage time in the load tracking mode, and the sum of the reference cold storage adsorption time and the reference cold storage desorption time is equal to the preset total cold storage cycle period. Step b: Set the current adsorption stage duration to the benchmark cold storage adsorption duration, set the current desorption stage duration to the benchmark cold storage desorption duration, and start the cold storage cycle; Step c: After each cold storage cycle, detect the actual increase in the cold storage capacity of the cold storage device and calculate the actual cold storage rate; Step d: Calculate the required average cold storage rate based on the current remaining cold storage capacity and remaining available time, and dynamically adjust the total cold storage cycle based on the comparison between the required average cold storage rate and the rated cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller unit in cold storage mode, combined with the charging efficiency of the cold storage device. Specifically, when the required average cold storage rate is less than the rated cooling capacity, the total cold storage cycle is increased, and the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration are increased respectively according to the preset adsorption / desorption duration allocation ratio; when the required average cold storage rate is greater than the rated cooling capacity, the total cold storage cycle is decreased, and the adsorption stage duration and the desorption stage duration are decreased respectively according to the allocation ratio. Step e: Repeat steps c and d until the current cold storage capacity reaches the target cold storage capacity, then exit the cold storage mode and switch to the load tracking mode or standby mode; The target cold storage rate is calculated based on the remaining required cold storage capacity and the preset cold storage completion time.

9. The intelligent control method for waste heat adsorption refrigeration of gas generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: Obtain the current temperature of the data center, the preset safe temperature limit, and the current cooling capacity of the cooling storage device; The allowable temperature rise gradient is calculated based on the difference between the current temperature and the preset safe upper limit temperature. The maximum sustainable release rate of the cold storage device is determined based on the allowable temperature rise gradient and the equivalent heat capacity of the data center. The release rate of the cold storage device is adjusted to not exceed the maximum sustainable release rate in order to maintain the temperature of the data center below the preset safe temperature limit. The system monitors the temperature changes in the data center in real time. When the current temperature approaches the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is reduced to slow down the temperature rise; when the current temperature is far from the preset safe upper limit, the release rate is increased to improve cooling efficiency. When the gas generator set resumes operation and the adsorption chiller unit is cleared of its fault, the waste heat collection module resumes supplying heat to the adsorption chiller unit and the cold storage device is switched back to auxiliary cold source mode.

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