A vibration monitoring device for micro-difference blasting construction of high fill roadbed filling

Abstract

The application relates to a vibration monitoring device for high fill subgrade filling micro-differential blasting construction, which comprises an inner bin arranged in a monitoring device body, a sensing mechanism for monitoring vibration and having a shielding function for external magnetic field action, an intermediate thrust mechanism arranged outside the inner bin, and an external anchoring mechanism arranged outside the intermediate thrust mechanism and used for anchoring with gravel soil; the external anchoring mechanism fills the gravel soil gap in liquid state; the intermediate thrust mechanism is used for fully filling the external anchoring mechanism in the gravel soil gap. The flowability of the magneto-rheological liquid in liquid state completes micro-gap filling; the macro gravel soil compaction is completed by using the huge mechanical force of a memory alloy wire and a lever range increasing assembly; finally, the near-field displacement coupling of a permanent magnet triggers the instantaneous solidification of the magneto-rheological liquid, forms a rigid underground anchoring pile with extremely high rigidity and firmness, and guarantees excellent vibration coupling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of blasting monitoring equipment, and in particular to a vibration monitoring device for micro-differential blasting construction in high embankment roadbed. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, by drilling holes at designed intervals in the original foundation and loading a fixed amount of explosives for segmented micro-delay blasting, the surrounding loose soil is subjected to radial compression, pore compression, and particle rearrangement by utilizing the explosive shock wave and the expansion effect of the explosive gas. This significantly improves the compactness and bearing capacity of the foundation, eliminates collapsibility, and reduces subsequent consolidation settlement.

[0003] Blasting is a technique that utilizes the compression, loosening, destruction, throwing, and killing effects produced by the explosion of explosives in air, water, soil, rock, or objects to achieve the desired purpose. Blasting requires reasonable organization based on geological conditions, excavation and transportation methods, slope stability, and building safety. Step-type and stepped small-bore blasting methods are used; for slopes, smooth blasting with pre-splitting or pre-reserved protective layers is used.

[0004] To ensure the stability of high-fill roadbeds and eliminate collapsibility, deep blasting compaction technology is commonly used for roadbed filling. When drilling holes in loose gravel and soil and performing segmented micro-delay blasting, the enormous explosive energy can easily cause vibration safety hazards to the stability of roadbed slopes and the surrounding environment. Regardless of the blasting compaction method used, strictly controlling and monitoring the blasting vibration velocity is a prerequisite for safe construction. However, the industry currently lacks deep vibration monitoring equipment that can adapt to deep loose media and take into account both high-fidelity transmission and non-destructive recovery, which greatly limits the safe application of this technology.

[0005] Traditional vibration meters cannot accurately transmit the high-frequency vibrations of micro-delay blasting in loose, high-fill gravel soil because the loose surface causes soft connections. They are also prone to tilting and shifting during blasting. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a vibration monitoring device for micro-differential blasting construction in high embankment roadbeds.

[0007] The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-delay blasting construction in high embankment roadbed provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A vibration monitoring device for micro-differential blasting construction in high embankment roadbed construction includes: The inner compartment is located inside the monitoring equipment itself; A sensing mechanism used to monitor vibration and also shielding against external magnetic fields; The intermediate thrust mechanism is located outside the inner compartment; and An external anchoring mechanism is located outside the intermediate thrust mechanism and is used for anchoring with the gravel and soil. The external anchoring mechanism fills the gaps in the gravel and soil when it passes through the liquid state; the intermediate thrust mechanism is used to fully fill the gaps in the gravel and soil with the external anchoring mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the intermediate thrust mechanism includes: The push plate is flexibly positioned outside the inner compartment. The phase change component is pushed outward by the pusher plate after undergoing a phase change due to heating; and Range extender components increase the deformation of phase change components; By extending the range of the phase change component using a range extender, it becomes possible to push the pusher plate outward.

[0009] Furthermore, the phase change component includes: Shape memory alloy wires undergo a phase transition by heating; and The heat source section is used to heat the shape memory alloy wire to induce a phase change.

[0010] Furthermore, the range extender component includes: The lever, which rotates, is located inside the compartment; The driving block, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the shape memory alloy wire; and Torsion springs are used to connect the lever and the inner chamber; The drive block is equipped with a drive groove, the rotation position of the lever is close to the shape memory alloy wire, and the corresponding end of the lever is located in the drive groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the external anchoring mechanism includes: The magnetic part is located on the push plate; A flexible capsule, positioned on a push plate with one side in contact with the gravelly soil and filled with magnetorheological fluid; and The suction section is used to suction the magnetorheological fluid. When installation begins, the magnetorheological fluid is pumped into the flexible capsule and is in a liquid state. After the compression is completed, the magnetorheological fluid begins to solidify.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetic part is configured as a permanent magnet, which causes a phase change by providing a magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid inside the flexible capsule. The permanent magnet is disposed on the push plate and between the push plate and the flexible capsule.

[0013] Furthermore, the extraction unit includes: The pump body is mounted on the monitoring unit; Storage tank for storing magnetorheological fluid; and The extraction section is used to connect the flexible bladder to the pump body; The magnetorheological fluid can only be drawn in when it is in a liquid state.

[0014] Furthermore, the sensor mechanism includes: The sensor probe is located inside the compartment; and An isolation layer is used to isolate the inner compartment and sensor probes; The isolation layer is used to isolate the permanent magnet from the monitoring operation of the sensor probe.

[0015] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: 1. Achieving three-dimensional dynamic anchoring: "unobstructed filling, active compaction, and final solidification and locking" is achieved. Traditional fixing methods cannot adapt to the extremely irregular pore walls of loose gravel soil in high-fill roadbeds. The fluidity of magnetorheological fluid in its liquid state is used to fill micro-cracks. The huge mechanical force of shape memory alloy wire + lever range extender component is used to compact macro-gravel soil. Finally, the near-field displacement coupling of permanent magnet triggers the instantaneous solidification of magnetorheological fluid, forming an underground anchor pile with extremely high rigidity and unbreakable strength, ensuring excellent vibration coupling effect. 2. As the pusher plate is pushed outward to its limit, the permanent magnet is forced to a position close to the wall of the flexible capsule, bringing the permanent magnet and magnetorheological fluid to their closest point. The strong magnetic field instantly penetrates the flexible capsule, and under the influence of the strong magnetic field, the carbonyl iron powder particles in the magnetorheological fluid inside the capsule instantly align along the magnetic field lines, transforming from a liquid state to a highly rigid solid state within milliseconds. The flexible capsule and the surrounding gravel and soil harden and lock into a rigid whole, and the blasting begins. The vibration signal is transmitted to the sensor probe without loss through a fully rigid path of "gravel and soil - solid magnetorheological rubber - pusher plate - lever - inner chamber". At the same time, because the isolation layer blocks the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet, the sensor probe performs ultra-high precision data acquisition in an environment with absolutely zero magnetic field interference. 3. Once the equipment reaches the predetermined depth, the pump is activated to continue injecting liquid, causing the flexible capsule to initially expand and contact the crushed stone and soil. The heat source is energized and heats up, causing the shape memory alloy wire to exceed its phase transformation point, resulting in an instantaneous austenitic phase transformation and violent contraction. The shape memory alloy wire pulls the drive block, which, through the drive groove, actuates the short arm of the lever. According to the lever principle, the long arm of the lever swings outward with a large stroke, overcoming the resistance of the torsion spring and the return spring, forcefully pushing the push plate outward. The push plate compresses the flexible capsule, forcibly squeezing the liquid magnetorheological fluid into all the tiny gaps in the surrounding loose crushed stone and soil, completing the ultimate physical bonding. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of part B.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Inner warehouse; 2. Sensor mechanism; 30. Push plate; 31. Shape memory alloy wire; 32. Lever; 33. Drive block; 34. Drive groove; 35. Torsion spring; 36. Magnetic part; 37. Flexible capsule; 38. Pump body; 39. Storage box. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] This application discloses a vibration monitoring device for micro-differential blasting construction in high embankment roadbed construction. (Refer to...) Figures 1-2 The device includes: an inner chamber 1, located within the main body of the monitoring equipment; a sensing mechanism for monitoring vibration and shielding external magnetic fields; an intermediate thrust mechanism located outside the inner chamber 1; and an external anchoring mechanism located outside the intermediate thrust mechanism and used for anchoring with the gravel and soil. The external anchoring mechanism fills the gaps in the gravel and soil when liquid is present. The intermediate thrust mechanism is used to fully fill the gaps in the gravel and soil with the external anchoring mechanism. In this embodiment, the main body of the monitoring equipment has a columnar probe structure with a coaxial inner chamber 1 on its internal central axis. The sensing mechanism is used to collect triaxial blasting vibration acceleration signals. The sensor mechanism 2 includes: a sensor probe located inside the inner chamber 1; and an isolation layer for isolating the inner chamber 1 and the sensor probe. The isolation layer is used to isolate the influence of magnetism on the monitoring operation of the sensor probe. The isolation layer is made of a high-permeability material, such as permalloy or superconducting shielding material, to completely enclose the sensor probe in physical space, completely blocking external magnetic lines of force from penetrating to the sensor probe and eliminating electromagnetic interference from the magnetic field on the acquisition of electrical signals.

[0020] In this embodiment, the intermediate thrust mechanism is used to compress the external anchoring mechanism. Therefore, the external anchoring mechanism is squeezed into the gravel and soil gap when it is in a liquid state. After filling the gravel and soil gap, the external anchoring mechanism is locked in the gravel and soil gap. The intermediate thrust mechanism includes: a push plate 30, which is elastically disposed outside the inner chamber 1; a phase change component, which pushes the push plate 30 outward by undergoing a phase change after being heated; and a range extender component, which increases the deformation of the phase change component. By extending the range of the phase change component through the range extender component, the push plate 30 can be pushed outward. The push plate 30 is slidably disposed on the outer wall of the inner chamber 1 by multiple springs. In this embodiment, the movement of the push plate 30 does not need to be restricted to its horizontal movement. It can also deflect in the horizontal direction, which is more conducive to the push plate 30 pushing the external anchoring mechanism towards the gravel and soil.

[0021] The phase change assembly includes: a shape memory alloy wire 31, which undergoes a phase change by heating; and a heat source for heating the shape memory alloy wire 31 to induce a phase change. The heat source uses a power cord as described in the prior art for heating. The shape memory alloy wire 31 is made of an iron-nickel alloy. When its phase change temperature is exceeded, the shape memory alloy wire 31 undergoes a phase change. The range extender assembly includes: a lever 32, rotatably mounted in the inner chamber 1; a drive block 33, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the shape memory alloy wire 31; and a torsion spring 35 for connecting the lever 32 and the inner chamber 1. The drive block 33 is provided with... The rotational position of the lever 32 in the drive groove 34 is close to that of the shape memory alloy wire 31. The corresponding end of the lever 32 is located in the drive groove 34. The short arm end of the lever 32, that is, the end whose rotational position is close to that of the shape memory alloy wire 31, extends into the drive groove 34 of the drive block 33 and is movably engaged with it. The long arm end of the lever 32 abuts against the inner side of the push plate 30. Through this mechanical lever 32 ratio, the tiny axial contraction deformation of the shape memory alloy wire 31 can be amplified several times to tens of times by the lever 32, and converted into a large stroke displacement of the push plate 30 moving outward.

[0022] The external anchoring mechanism includes: a magnetic part 36, mounted on a push plate 30; a flexible capsule 37, mounted on the push plate 30 with one side in contact with the gravel and filled with magnetorheological fluid; and a suction part for suctioning the magnetorheological fluid. When installation begins, the magnetorheological fluid is pumped into the flexible capsule 37 in a liquid state, and after compression, it begins to solidify. The magnetic part 36 is a permanent magnet, which causes a phase change in the magnetorheological fluid within the flexible capsule 37 by providing a magnetic field. The body is positioned on the pusher plate 30 and between the pusher plate 30 and the flexible capsule 37; the permanent magnet is located on the outside of the pusher plate 30. The physical nature of the magnetorheological fluid is that it is composed of micron-sized high-permeability magnetic powder particles (usually carbonyl iron powder) and synthetic oil (such as silicone oil); the physical nature of the electro-permanent magnet is that it is composed of two magnetic materials: a strong permanent magnet (such as neodymium iron boron, which has extremely strong magnetism and does not change) and an easily adjustable magnet (such as AlNiCo, whose magnetic pole direction can be completely reversed with just a tiny electric pulse). When the permanent magnet is in the open state: when the magnetic poles of both are aligned, all the magnetic lines of force are released through the outer capsule, generating a strong external magnetic field; when the permanent magnet is in the closed state: when the AlNiCo magnetic poles are reversed by a pulse current, opposite to those of the neodymium iron boron, the magnetic lines of force flow self-locking inside them, and the external magnetic field instantly becomes zero.

[0023] The extraction unit includes: a pump body 38, mounted on the monitoring body; a storage tank 39 for storing the magnetorheological fluid; and an extraction unit for connecting the flexible capsule 37 to the pump body 38. Extraction is only possible when the magnetorheological fluid is in a liquid state. When the magnetorheological fluid is in a liquid state, the pump body 38 is activated to draw the magnetorheological fluid from the capsule back to the storage tank 39, causing the flexible capsule 37 to completely deflate and shrink. This reduces the overall outer diameter of the device, allowing it to be pulled out and recycled without obstruction, achieving lossless recycling.

[0024] The implementation principle of the vibration monitoring device for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment roadbed in this application embodiment is as follows: In the initial stage, the heat source does not generate heat, the shape memory alloy wire 31 is in a low-temperature martensitic state, the push plate 30 contracts under the action of the reset spring, the pump body 38 is started, and the liquid magnetorheological fluid in the storage box 39 is injected into the flexible capsule 37. Since the push plate 30 is in a contracted state at this time, there is a physical clearance gap between the permanent magnet and the flexible capsule 37. The magnetic field sensed by the magnetorheological fluid in the flexible capsule 37 is extremely weak, and it still maintains a low viscosity liquid state, so that the flexible capsule 37 is in a soft state, and the monitoring device can be easily lowered into the extremely irregular gravel soil borehole; Once the equipment reaches the predetermined depth, the pump 38 is activated to continue injecting liquid, causing the flexible capsule 37 to initially expand and contact the crushed stone and soil. The heat source is energized and heats up, causing the shape memory alloy wire 31 to exceed its phase transformation point, resulting in an instantaneous austenitic phase transformation and violent contraction. The shape memory alloy wire 31 pulls the drive block 33, which, through the drive groove 34, actuates the short arm of the lever 32. According to the lever principle, the long arm of the lever 32 swings outward with a large stroke, overcoming the resistance of the torsion spring 35 and the return spring, forcefully pushing the push plate 30 outward. The push plate 30 compresses the flexible capsule 37, forcibly squeezing the liquid magnetorheological fluid into all the tiny gaps in the surrounding loose crushed stone and soil, achieving ultimate physical adhesion.

[0025] As the pusher plate 30 is pushed outward to its limit position, the permanent magnet is forced to a position close to the wall of the flexible capsule 37. The distance between the permanent magnet and the magnetorheological fluid reaches its minimum, and the strong magnetic field instantly penetrates the flexible capsule 37. Under the action of the strong magnetic field, the carbonyl iron powder particles in the magnetorheological fluid inside the capsule instantly align along the magnetic field lines, transforming from a liquid state to a highly rigid solid state within milliseconds. The flexible capsule 37 and the surrounding gravel and soil harden and lock into a rigid whole. The blasting begins, and the vibration signal is transmitted to the sensor probe without loss through a fully rigid path of "gravel and soil - solid magnetorheological rubber - pusher plate 30 - lever 32 - inner chamber 1". At the same time, because the isolation layer blocks the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet, the sensor probe performs ultra-high precision data acquisition in an environment with absolutely zero magnetic field interference.

[0026] After the test, the heat source is powered off, the shape memory alloy wire 31 cools down, and returns to its original length under the action of the torsion spring 35 and the return spring. The lever 32 resets, and the push plate 30 is pulled back. As the push plate 30 is pulled back, the permanent magnet moves away from the flexible capsule 37, and the magnetic field strength inside the flexible capsule 37 drops to zero. The magnetorheological fluid instantly liquefies from a solid state. The surface pump 38 is activated to pump the magnetorheological fluid inside the capsule back to the storage tank 39, and the flexible capsule 37 completely deflates and shrinks. The overall outer diameter of the device is reduced, allowing it to be pulled out and recycled without obstruction, achieving lossless recycling.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration monitoring device for micro-differential blasting construction in high embankment roadbed construction, characterized in that, include: The inner compartment (1) is located within the monitoring equipment itself; A sensing mechanism used to monitor vibration and also shielding against external magnetic fields; The intermediate thrust mechanism is located outside the inner compartment (1); and An external anchoring mechanism is located outside the intermediate thrust mechanism and is used for anchoring with the gravel and soil. The external anchoring mechanism fills the gaps in the gravel and soil when it passes through the liquid state; the intermediate thrust mechanism is used to fully fill the gaps in the gravel and soil with the external anchoring mechanism.

2. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate thrust mechanism includes: The push plate (30) is flexibly set outside the inner compartment (1); The phase change component is pushed outward by the pusher plate (30) after undergoing a phase change due to heat; and Range extender components increase the deformation of phase change components; By extending the range of the phase change component using the range extender, the pusher plate (30) can be pushed outward.

3. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The phase change component includes: Memory alloy wire (31) undergoes a phase transformation by heating; and The heat source section is used to heat the shape memory alloy wire (31) to cause it to undergo a phase change.

4. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The range extender component includes: Lever (32), rotating in the inner compartment (1); The driving block (33) is fixedly connected at one end to one end of the shape memory alloy wire (31); and Torsion spring (35) is used to connect lever (32) and inner compartment (1); The drive block (33) is provided with a drive groove (34), the rotation position of the lever (32) is close to the shape memory alloy wire (31), and the corresponding end of the lever (32) is located in the drive groove (34).

5. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The external anchoring mechanism includes: A magnetic part (36) is disposed on a push plate (30); A flexible capsule (37) is disposed on a pusher plate (30) with one side in contact with gravelly soil and filled with magnetorheological fluid; and The suction section is used to suction the magnetorheological fluid. When installation begins, the magnetorheological fluid is pumped into the flexible capsule (37) and is in a liquid state. After the extrusion is completed, the magnetorheological fluid begins to solidify.

6. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic part (36) is configured as a permanent magnet. By providing a magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid in the flexible capsule (37), the permanent magnet is disposed on the push plate (30) and between the push plate (30) and the flexible capsule (37).

7. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The extraction unit includes: Pump body (38) is mounted on the monitoring body; Storage tank (39) for storing magnetorheological fluid; and The extraction section is used to connect the flexible bladder (37) and the pump body (38). The magnetorheological fluid can only be drawn in when it is in a liquid state.

8. The vibration monitoring equipment for micro-differential blasting construction of high embankment subgrade as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The sensor mechanism (2) includes: The sensor probe is located inside the inner compartment (1); and An isolation layer is used to isolate the inner compartment (1) and the sensor probe; The isolation layer is used to isolate the permanent magnet from the monitoring operation of the sensor probe.

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