Water quality pollution analysis system and method for water environment monitoring

Abstract

The application discloses a water quality pollution analysis system and method for water environment monitoring, and particularly relates to the technical field of water quality analysis. In view of the problem of water quality pollution misjudgment caused by optical pseudo-peak due to micro-bubble adhesion, water body gas state data and optical response data are synchronously acquired, a gas supersaturation factor is generated, and transmission response data, angle scattering response data and window reflection response data are extracted from the optical response data to form apparent extinction quantity, scattering anisotropy term and window reflection enhancement term. According to each parameter, a bubble pseudo-peak locking state is generated. When bubble scattering is dominant, an interface desorption margin is generated according to water dynamic information and window interface information in a sampling leg to execute self-bubble removal or read-back verification. In the read-back window, interface residual verification is performed on the recovery timing of the window reflection enhancement term and the apparent extinction quantity, and gas analysis driving verification is performed on the change trend of the gas supersaturation factor and the pressure. According to the verification result, a read-back disposal state is executed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water quality analysis technology, and more specifically, to a water pollution analysis system and method for water environment monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] In scenarios such as river cross-sections, near-shore areas of lakes and reservoirs, downstream of aeration tailwater outlets, and water intake pipelines, water quality monitoring equipment typically determines pollution changes based on data such as turbidity, absorption, fluorescence, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure. With the long-term deployment of online monitoring equipment, the interface conditions near the optical window, hydrodynamic disturbances within the sampling legs, and the gas state of the water body will collectively affect the optical response, making pollution anomaly identification no longer just a matter of changes in single sensor readings.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN1643364A discloses a device for wiping a water quality sensor. This device relates to a detector used for monitoring water quality, which may include sensors for turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, salinity, etc. The document points out that monitoring may be inaccurate when the optical channel and electrical connector are contaminated by dirt, fungi, or algae growth. To address this, an optical window and a wiping element are arranged on a first sensor. The wiping element rotates around an axis extending from the first sensor to remove dirt from the optical window. This solution is beneficial for cleaning accumulated dirt on the optical window or sensor surface. However, in shallow eutrophic rivers, downstream of aeration outlets, and in pressure-changing sampling legs, optical anomalies do not always originate from solid dirt, algae adhesion, or long-term fouling. During the day, photosynthesis, aeration injection, or pressure changes in the sampling leg can cause the water body to approach the upper limit of gas equilibrium locally. Microbubbles easily accumulate in the micro-roughness area of ​​the window or in local hydrophobic areas, simultaneously causing transmission attenuation, scattering bias, and enhanced window reflection. The optical behavior is similar to that caused by organic matter input, a sudden increase in suspended particles, or sensor zero-point drift. Relying solely on fixed cleanliness or single-channel anomaly detection can easily lead to misinterpreting short-term spurious peaks caused by interfacial microbubbles as changes in pollution levels, resulting in false warnings, incorrect sampling linkages, and biased pollution source tracing. Therefore, it is also necessary to address the problem of optical spurious peaks caused by microbubble adhesion leading to misjudgments in water pollution analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides a water pollution analysis system and method for water environment monitoring. By simultaneously acquiring water body gas state and optical response data, it generates gas supersaturation factors, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy terms, and window reflection enhancement terms, thereby identifying bubble pseudo-peaks. When bubble scattering dominates, it generates interface desorption margin, controls bubble removal or readback, and performs pollution result reconstruction after residual and gas evolution verification, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring, executed by a water quality monitoring and analysis unit, comprising: simultaneously acquiring water body gas state data and optical response data; generating a gas supersaturation factor based on the water body gas state data; extracting transmission response data, angular scattering response data, and window reflection response data from the optical response data, and generating apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term, respectively; and generating a bubble pseudo-expansion term based on the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term. Peak locking state; when the bubble pseudo-peak locking state indicates that the optical anomaly is dominated by bubble scattering, an interface desorption margin is generated based on the hydrodynamic information and window interface information in the sampling leg, and self-debubbling or direct entry into the readback window is performed according to the interface desorption margin; within the readback window, the interface residue is checked for the recovery time sequence of the window reflection enhancement term and the apparent extinction, and the gas evolution drive is checked for the change direction of the gas supersaturation factor and the change direction of the pressure, and the readback treatment state is executed according to the check results; the readback treatment state controls the timing of bubble desorption verification, readback window maintenance, and contamination analysis result reconstruction.

[0006] Preferably, the water gas state data includes dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure; the optical response data includes incident reference light intensity, transmitted light intensity, scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles, and window reflected light intensity; the hydrodynamic information within the sampling leg includes local flow velocity and equivalent bubble size; the window interface information includes window contact angle and surface tension; the interface desorption margin is generated by the residual driving force between fluid drag contribution, buoyancy contribution, and surface tension adhesion contribution; the surface tension is obtained from a preset material parameter library based on window material and water temperature, or read from the output of an external surface tension sensor by the water quality monitoring and analysis unit; when there is no real-time measurement, the standard surface tension value of water at the current temperature is substituted into the calculation, and the substitution flag is written into the sampling record.

[0007] Preferably, when generating the gas supersaturation factor, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure of the water body, determines the current equilibrium dissolved amount based on the temperature and pressure, and writes the deviation of the dissolved oxygen in the water body relative to the current equilibrium dissolved amount into the gas supersaturation factor.

[0008] Preferably, when generating the scattering anisotropy term, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit compares the relative enhancement directions of at least two scattering angles within the same sampling window and outputs the particle scattering state, angle-biased scattering state, or insufficient scattering evidence state; when the insufficient scattering evidence state is written, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit enters the downgrade protection path, retains the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, and window reflection enhancement term to continue performing bubble pseudo-peak judgment.

[0009] Preferably, the bubble pseudo-peak locking state includes an unlocked state, an insufficient evidence state, and a bubble scattering-dominant state; when the gas supersaturation factor represents the premise of gas precipitation, and the apparent extinction amount shows transmission attenuation, the scattering anisotropy term shows angular bias scattering state, and the window reflection enhancement term shows window interface reflection enhancement, the bubble scattering-dominant state is written.

[0010] Preferably, the equivalent size of the bubble is generated by the projection range of the reflected bright spot read by the near-field imaging component of the window; or by the duration of the window reflection enhancement term and the local flow velocity to generate the equivalent residence length of the bubble along the window direction, combined with the spot width; the water quality monitoring and analysis unit generates the bubble frontal area, bubble volume and bubble contact line length according to the equivalent size of the bubble, and respectively substitutes the bubble frontal area and local flow velocity into the fluid drag contribution calculation, substitutes the bubble volume and gas-liquid density difference into the buoyancy contribution calculation, and substitutes the bubble contact line length, window contact angle and surface tension into the surface tension adhesion contribution calculation, and the remaining driving force of the three contributions constitutes the interface desorption margin.

[0011] Preferably, the interface desorption margin is written into the desorption admission field, which includes a natural desorption verifiable state and an external force defoaming requirement state; when the resultant force of the fluid drag contribution and the buoyancy contribution exceeds the surface tension adhesion contribution, the natural desorption verifiable state is written; otherwise, the external force defoaming requirement state is written.

[0012] Preferably, when performing the self-draining bubble removal, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit sends a bubble removal control signal to the bubble removal execution area of ​​the sampling leg, and drives the micro-flushing channel, short-path flow velocity enhancement channel, window wiping component, or vibration bubble removal component to act on the area adjacent to the optical window.

[0013] Preferably, during the interface residue verification, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit records the time when the apparent extinction falls back to the neighborhood of the apparent extinction stable baseline and the time when the window reflection enhancement term falls back to the neighborhood of the clean window baseline in the readback window. When the window reflection enhancement term recovers later than the apparent extinction, the interface residue verification output has a residue conclusion. During the gas evolution driven verification, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the change direction of the gas supersaturation factor and the pressure change direction in the readback window. When the gas supersaturation factor still indicates the gas evolution premise and the pressure change direction does not cause the gas supersaturation factor to drop below the gas evolution premise, the gas evolution driven verification output has a gas evolution driven conclusion. When both the interface residue verification and the gas evolution driven verification conclusions are valid, the bubble removal is triggered again. When only the interface residue verification has a conclusion, the readback window is extended. When only the gas evolution driven verification has a conclusion, the pollution analysis result reconstruction is temporarily suspended. When neither verification has a conclusion, the pollution analysis result reconstruction begins.

[0014] Preferably, when reconstructing the pollution analysis results, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit first excludes optical components that change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term and fall back during the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process. Then, it retains optical components that do not change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term as valid optical information after pseudo-peak separation, and writes them into the reconstructed pollution reading in combination with the readback difference before and after bubble removal or desorption verification. The desorption verification process is the natural fallback process of the window reflection enhancement term and apparent extinction within the readback window after directly entering the readback window. When all optical components change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term and all fade with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit does not output a pollution increase conclusion, but writes the current sampling window into the bubble pseudo-peak event record. Optical changes that do not fade with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process and continue consistently in the pollution-sensitive channel are retained as pollution analysis components and included in the reconstructed pollution reading.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water pollution analysis system for water environment monitoring, comprising: Parameter generation module: synchronously acquires water gas state data and optical response data, generates gas supersaturation factor based on the water gas state data; extracts transmission response data, angular scattering response data and window reflection response data from the optical response data, and generates apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term and window reflection enhancement term respectively; False peak locking module: Generates bubble false peak locking state based on the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term and window reflection enhancement term; Desorption decision module: When the bubble pseudo-peak locking state characterizes optical anomalies dominated by bubble scattering, an interface desorption margin is generated based on the hydrodynamic information in the sampling leg and the window interface information, and self-desorption or direct entry into the readback window is performed according to the interface desorption margin. The readback and reconstruction module: Within the readback window, it performs interface residue verification on the recovery timeline of the window reflection enhancement term and apparent extinction, and performs gas evolution-driven verification on the direction of change of gas supersaturation factor and pressure change. Based on the combined results of the interface residue verification and gas evolution-driven verification, it performs actions such as extending the readback window, re-degassing, temporarily suspending reconstruction, or reconstructing the contamination analysis results. The readback handling status is executed according to the verification results; the readback handling status controls the timing of degassing verification, readback window maintenance, and contamination analysis result reconstruction.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention generates gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term and window reflection enhancement term by simultaneously acquiring water gas state data and optical response data. It also generates bubble pseudo-peak locking state by gas precipitation premise, transmission attenuation, angle scattering bias and window interface reflection enhancement. This enables the layered identification of optical anomalies of water pollution and microbubble interface interference, effectively solving the problem of pollution misjudgment caused by the adhesion of microbubbles in shallow eutrophic rivers, downstream of aeration tailwater outlets and pressure change sampling legs, which leads to mixed absorption, scattering and reflection signals.

[0017] (2) This invention generates an interface desorption margin when bubble scattering is dominant in the bubble pseudo-peak locking state, and performs self-bubble removal or readback verification based on the interface desorption margin. Then, in the readback window, the interface residue is checked for the recovery time sequence of window reflection enhancement and apparent extinction, and the gas evolution-driven check is performed for the gas supersaturation factor and pressure change trend. The subsequent actions are performed based on the combined results of the two checks. This realizes a continuous closed loop of microbubble desorption, residual nucleus re-ignition risk judgment and pollution analysis result reconstruction, effectively solving the problem that traditional fixed cleaning or abnormal dissection is difficult to distinguish between temporary desorption, secondary pseudo-peaks and real pollution changes, resulting in the loss of effective water quality information or error in early warning linkage. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of the water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the bubble pseudo-peak locking state generation process of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the interface desorption margin and readback verification process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0022] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0023] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.

[0024] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0025] In the text, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit represents a single entity that performs data acquisition, parameter generation, status determination, and output; the sampling leg represents the structural space through which the water body to be tested flows and is equipped with optical windows, sensors, and defoaming execution areas; and the readback window represents the data collection interval used to continuously read key parameters after the defoaming action stops or the verifiable state of natural desorption is written.

[0026] Throughout the text, the gas evolution prerequisites, transmission attenuation, window interface reflection enhancement, clean window baseline neighborhood, and recovery time are all written by the water quality monitoring and analysis unit based on preset baselines, judgment thresholds, and recovery confirmation rules. The preset baselines include a gas balance reference baseline, an apparent extinction stability baseline, and a window reflection stability baseline. The gas balance reference baseline is written by the water quality monitoring and analysis unit after determining the current equilibrium dissolution amount based on the current water temperature and pressure. This current equilibrium dissolution amount is bound and stored with the sampling leg number, water temperature range, and pressure range. The apparent extinction stability baseline is generated and recorded based on the incident reference light intensity and transmitted light intensity after the sampling leg is injected with flushing water without obvious bubbles (the window reflection enhancement term does not exceed the window reflection enhancement threshold, and the transmitted light intensity remains continuously stable), provided that the incident reference light intensity is within the allowable range of the light source and the transmitted light intensity remains continuously stable. The window reflection stability baseline is recorded based on the window reflection light intensity corrected for the incident reference light intensity after the sampling leg is injected with flushing water without obvious bubbles, provided that the window reflection light intensity remains continuously stable. The apparent extinction stable baseline and the window reflection stable baseline are respectively bound and stored with the sampling leg number, window number, optical path identifier, wavelength identifier and water temperature range; among them, the window reflection stable baseline used to determine whether the window reflection enhancement term has been restored is recorded as the clean window baseline.

[0027] The judgment thresholds include a gas supersaturation judgment threshold, an apparent extinction attenuation threshold, a window reflection enhancement threshold, and a baseline neighborhood recovery threshold. These judgment thresholds are written during equipment factory calibration or on-site commissioning. During calibration, the stable fluctuation range and disturbance response amplitude of the corresponding parameters are recorded under verification conditions with no obvious bubble flushing water and at least one artificially introduced bubble disturbance. A preset margin outside the stable fluctuation range is used as the judgment boundary. The judgment thresholds are bound to the sampling leg model, window material, optical path indicator, wavelength indicator, and water temperature range, and can be recalibrated and updated after on-site maintenance.

[0028] When the gas supersaturation factor is greater than the gas supersaturation judgment threshold, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the gas evolution premise; when the increment of the apparent extinction relative to the apparent extinction stable baseline exceeds the apparent extinction attenuation threshold, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the transmission attenuation; when the increment of the window reflection enhancement term relative to the clean window baseline exceeds the window reflection enhancement threshold, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the window interface reflection enhancement. When the apparent extinction falls back to within the baseline neighborhood recovery threshold corresponding to the apparent extinction stable baseline, or when the window reflection enhancement term falls back to within the baseline neighborhood recovery threshold corresponding to the clean window baseline, and remains within the preset recovery confirmation window without exceeding the corresponding judgment threshold, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit records the corresponding recovery time; the preset recovery confirmation window is not less than one sampling window, and is determined by binding it to the effective volume of the sampling leg, the current influent flow rate, and the optical sampling period.

[0029] When the incident reference light intensity is not within the allowable range of the light source, or when any of the binding fields in the corresponding preset baseline, judgment threshold, sampling leg number, window number, optical path identifier, or wavelength identifier are missing, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit will not write the gas evolution premise, transmission attenuation, window interface reflection enhancement or recovery time, but will instead write the corresponding judgment input missing state and prevent the current sampling window from entering the bubble pseudo-peak locking state generation process.

[0030] The water quality monitoring and analysis unit includes a data acquisition terminal, a parameter generation terminal, a state determination terminal, and an execution output terminal. The data acquisition terminal is connected to a dissolved oxygen sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, an incident reference light detector, a transmitted light detector, at least two scattering angle detectors, and a window reflection detector. The parameter generation terminal generates gas supersaturation factors, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy terms, window reflection enhancement terms, and interface desorption margin, and records the results of interface residue verification and gas evolution-driven verification. The state determination terminal writes the bubble pseudo-peak locking state. The execution output terminal is connected to the micro-flushing channel, short-path velocity enhancement channel, window wiping component, or vibration defoaming component of the sampling leg. The sampling leg includes an inlet, an outlet, an optical detection channel, an optical window, and a defoaming execution area. The optical window is positioned between the optical detection channel and the flowing water, and the defoaming execution area is arranged in the adjacent flow field of the optical window.

[0031] The sampling leg has an independent optical detection channel inside, which is a cylindrical or square columnar flow channel structure. A transparent optical window, made of materials such as quartz glass or sapphire, is embedded in the channel wall. The bubble removal execution area is the interfacial force region surrounding the outer surface of the optical window and adjacent to the flow field.

[0032] The micro-flushing channel is a bypass jetting pipe with a diameter smaller than the main inlet pipe. Its nozzle points to the outer surface of the optical window. The angle between the nozzle axis and the normal to the outer surface of the window causes the jetting water flow to produce a tangential stripping component on the window surface. The micro-flushing channel is controlled to open and close by a micro-flushing valve, which is connected to the execution output terminal.

[0033] The short-range flow rate enhancement channel is a combination of channels driven by an inlet pump or a bypass valve on the main inlet pipeline, which makes the local flow rate at the front end of the optical window exceed the critical desorption flow rate of the bubble on the surface of the window material for a short time; the inlet pump or bypass valve is connected to the execution output end.

[0034] The window wiping component includes a wiping component body capable of reciprocating or rotating sweeping motions on the outer surface of the optical window and a wiping drive motor for driving the movement of the wiping component body; the contact surface between the wiping component body and the window is made of a flexible, water-resistant material that does not affect the light transmittance of the optical window; the wiping drive motor is connected to the execution output end.

[0035] The vibrating bubble-expelling component is a piezoelectric transducer fixed on a fixed structure around the optical window. The vibration direction of the piezoelectric transducer is perpendicular or parallel to the outer surface of the optical window, so that the mechanical vibration energy is transmitted to the contact interface between the optical window and the water. The piezoelectric transducer is connected to the execution output terminal.

[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This invention provides a water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring, as shown in the figure, which is executed by a water quality monitoring and analysis unit and includes the following four steps: Step 1: The water quality monitoring and analysis unit simultaneously acquires water gas state data and optical response data, and generates a gas supersaturation factor based on the water gas state data. The water gas state data includes dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure; the optical response data includes incident reference light intensity, transmitted light intensity, scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles, and window reflected light intensity.

[0037] Step 2: The water quality monitoring and analysis unit extracts transmission response data, angular scattering response data, and window reflection response data from the optical response data, and generates apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term, respectively; and generates bubble pseudo-peak locking state based on the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term.

[0038] Step 3: When the bubble pseudo-peak locking state characterizes optical anomalies dominated by bubble scattering, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit generates an interface desorption margin based on the hydrodynamic information in the sampling leg and the window interface information, and performs self-bubble removal or directly enters the readback window according to the interface desorption margin. Step 4: Within the readback window, perform interface residue verification on the recovery time sequence of window reflection enhancement and apparent extinction, perform gas evolution drive verification on the direction of change of gas supersaturation factor and the direction of change of pressure, and perform extended readback window, defoaming again, and postpone reconstruction of pollution analysis results or reconstruction of pollution analysis results based on the combined results of the interface residue verification and gas evolution drive verification.

[0039] Specifically, step one is used for the simultaneous acquisition of water gas state data and optical response data: In this embodiment, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit is installed in a shore-based monitoring cabinet, buoy monitoring equipment, or an edge acquisition terminal next to the water intake pipeline. The sampling leg has a stable inlet channel, an outlet channel, and an optical window. When water flows through the sampling leg, the dissolved oxygen sensor, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor provide the dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure of the water, respectively. The optical detection component simultaneously provides the incident reference light intensity, transmitted light intensity, scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles, and window reflected light intensity. The dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure of the water together constitute the gas state data of the water; the incident reference light intensity, transmitted light intensity, scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles, and window reflected light intensity together constitute the optical response data.

[0040] The same sampling window refers to the data collection interval defined by a sampling trigger signal issued by the water quality monitoring and analysis unit. This data collection interval starts at the time the sampling trigger signal is issued and ends when the dissolved oxygen sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and each optical detector complete one effective feedback cycle. If the feedback from any channel exceeds this data collection interval, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit will not incorporate the feedback into the current sampling window but will instead write it into the next sampling window or into a channel feedback missing record. The water gas state missing flag indicates that at least one of the dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure inputs is missing; the optical reference missing flag indicates that the incident reference light intensity is missing; and the insufficient scattering angle information flag indicates that the effective scattering angle is less than two. These missing flags only prevent the current sampling window from entering the corresponding parameter generation process and do not change the processing of other sampling windows.

[0041] Synchronous data acquisition can employ either a unified sampling clock or a timestamped sampling controller. With a unified sampling clock, water gas state data and optical response data are read within the same sampling window. With a timestamped sampling controller, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit groups dissolved oxygen, temperature, pressure, and various light intensity data within the same sampling window into the same sampling record. This process ensures that the subsequently generated gas supersaturation factor can be correlated with the apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy, and window reflection enhancement terms at the same time, preventing the splicing of water state and optical anomalies from different time periods into false pollution events.

[0042] After obtaining the gas state data of the water body, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit generates a gas supersaturation factor based on the dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure of the water body. The gas supersaturation factor is used to represent the degree of deviation of the actual dissolved state of gases in the current water body from the equilibrium dissolved state under the current temperature and pressure conditions. The current equilibrium dissolved amount refers to the reference amount of oxygen dissolved when the water and gas phases reach dissolution equilibrium under the current temperature and pressure conditions. When generating the current equilibrium dissolved amount, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit first reads the temperature and pressure, then determines the oxygen dissolution capacity at the current temperature based on the dissolution equilibrium relationship of gases in liquids, and corrects the oxygen dissolution capacity using the current pressure to obtain the current equilibrium dissolved amount.

[0043] In one embodiment, the gas supersaturation factor is the ratio between dissolved oxygen in the water and the current equilibrium dissolved amount. A gas supersaturation factor greater than one indicates that the dissolved oxygen in the water is higher than the current equilibrium dissolved amount; a gas supersaturation factor equal to or less than one indicates that the dissolved oxygen in the water is not higher than the current equilibrium dissolved amount. The water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the gas supersaturation factor into the sampling record and uses it as a prerequisite for bubble precipitation in the subsequent bubble pseudo-peak locking process; when the gas supersaturation factor does not indicate a prerequisite for gas precipitation, subsequent abnormalities in apparent extinction do not directly enter the bubble pseudo-peak locking state.

[0044] During on-site implementation, the operator first fills the sampling leg with the water to be tested and maintains continuous water intake through the inlet channel. Then, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit is activated, bringing the dissolved oxygen sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and optical detection components into the same sampling window. If a sampling record lacks water gas state data, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit will not generate a gas supersaturation factor; if a sampling record lacks optical response data, that sampling record will only be used as a background record of the water state and will not proceed to the subsequent bubble pseudo-peak locking state generation process.

[0045] Specifically, step two is used for parametric processing of optical response data, including: The water quality monitoring and analysis unit extracts the incident reference light intensity and transmitted light intensity from the optical response data, which together constitute the transmission response data. The incident reference light intensity represents the reference intensity input by the light source into the optical path at the current sampling window, while the transmitted light intensity represents the intensity received by the light after passing through the water body and optical window at the sampling point. The water quality monitoring and analysis unit first checks whether the incident reference light intensity is within the allowable operating range of the light source, then removes synchronous amplitude changes caused by fluctuations in the same light source in both the incident reference light intensity and the transmitted light intensity. Subsequently, it generates the apparent extinction based on the attenuation degree of the transmitted light intensity relative to the incident reference light intensity, and writes the optical path identifier, wavelength identifier, sampling time, and window number into this apparent extinction.

[0046] The water quality monitoring and analysis unit extracts the scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles from the optical response data to form angular scattering response data. The scattered light intensity at different angles can reflect the deflection direction of light under the influence of microstructures near water particles, bubble interfaces, and windows. The water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles within the same sampling window and the same incident pulse, and then records the forward, lateral, or backward scattering responses according to the scattering angle direction. It also compares the relative strength order of the scattering responses in different directions to generate a scattering anisotropy term characterizing the scattering angle bias.

[0047] The scattering anisotropy term does not output the light intensity of a single scattering angle, but rather compares the relative enhancement directions of at least two scattering angles within the same sampling window. When all scattering angles enhance synchronously, a particle scattering state is written; when one scattering angle is directionally offset relative to another and coincides with the apparent extinction change, an angle-biased scattering state is written; when there are fewer than two effective scattering angles, an insufficient scattering evidence state is written, and the water quality monitoring and analysis unit enters a downgraded backup path, retaining the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, and window reflection enhancement term to continue performing bubble pseudo-peak judgment. This downgraded backup path does not replace the complete bubble pseudo-peak locking state judgment process; it is only used for abnormal operating conditions where scattering angle information is insufficient.

[0048] The water quality monitoring and analysis unit extracts the window reflected light intensity and the incident reference light intensity from the optical response data to form window reflection response data. The window reflected light intensity represents the reflection response of incident light returning at the optical window, water interface, and adhesion interface. If microbubbles are stationary on the window surface or in the near-field optical path of the window, the refractive index difference between the bubbles and the water will enhance the reflection response near the window. This enhancement is not equivalent to window fouling or water pollutant absorption, but rather interface evidence formed after the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface enters the optical path.

[0049] When generating the window reflection enhancement term, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit corrects the window reflected light intensity with the incident reference light intensity and writes the increase in window reflected light intensity relative to the clean window baseline into the window reflection enhancement term. The clean window baseline is obtained by injecting flushing water without obvious bubbles into the sampling leg and recording it when the window reflected light intensity is stable, and is bound to the window number for storage. The apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term are all bound to the same sampling time, the same sampling leg number, and the same window number for subsequent joint generation of bubble pseudo-peak locking state.

[0050] In alternative implementations, the window reflection response data can come from a coaxial reflection detector or an oblique reflection detector; a single window reflection channel can be used, or reflection channels can be arranged separately on multiple optical windows. For devices without independent window reflection channels, the changes in reflected bright spots obtained from near-field imaging of the window can be used as parallel implementations, but their outputs are still uniformly included in the window reflection response data.

[0051] Specifically, step three, used to generate the bubble pseudo-peak locking state and interface desorption margin, includes: The water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy, and window reflection enhancement term within the same sampling window, and generates bubble pseudo-peak locking states in the order of first physical premises and then optical evidence. First, the physical premises are determined to see if the gas supersaturation factor indicates that the current water body has conditions for gas precipitation; then, the optical evidence is determined to see if there is optical path attenuation in the apparent extinction, angular offset in the scattering anisotropy term, and enhanced reflection at the window interface in the window reflection enhancement term. This order is used to avoid misattributing actual pollution or window fouling to bubbles based solely on optical anomalies.

[0052] The bubble pseudo-peak locking state includes an unlocked state, an insufficient evidence state, and a bubble scattering-dominant state. When generating the bubble pseudo-peak locking state, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit first reads the gas supersaturation factor. If the gas supersaturation factor does not indicate a gas precipitation prerequisite, it is written to the unlocked state, and the apparent extinction is transferred to the conventional pollution analysis channel. If the gas supersaturation factor indicates a gas precipitation prerequisite, but any key evidence in the apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, or window reflection enhancement term is missing, it is written to the insufficient evidence state, and delayed sampling or readback verification is triggered. If the gas supersaturation factor indicates a gas precipitation prerequisite, and the apparent extinction shows transmission attenuation, the scattering anisotropy term shows angular offset scattering, and the window reflection enhancement term shows window interface reflection enhancement, it is written to the bubble scattering-dominant state, and the interface desorption margin generation process is allowed.

[0053] When the bubble pseudo-peak locking state indicates that the optical anomaly is dominated by bubble scattering, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the hydrodynamic information within the sampling leg and the window interface information. The hydrodynamic information within the sampling leg includes the local flow velocity and the equivalent bubble size; the window interface information includes the window contact angle and surface tension. The local flow velocity represents the dragging effect of the water on the bubble near the optical window, the equivalent bubble size determines the bubble's facing area and volume, the window contact angle reflects the bubble's adhesion tendency on the window surface, and the surface tension represents the ability of the gas-liquid interface to maintain its adhesion morphology. The surface tension is obtained from a preset material parameter library based on the window material and water temperature, or it can be read from the output of an external surface tension sensor by the water quality monitoring and analysis unit; when there is no real-time measurement, the standard surface tension value of water at the current temperature is substituted into the calculation, and the substitution flag is written into the sampling record.

[0054] The local flow velocity is read by a miniature flow velocity sensor located in the flow field adjacent to the optical window, or it is obtained by converting the current inlet flow rate of the sampling leg with the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel adjacent to the optical window, and then correcting it using the flow velocity correction table corresponding to the sampling leg model. The window contact angle is obtained by looking up the window material, window surface treatment state, and water temperature range in a preset window interface parameter table, or it is written into the contact angle calibration record during the installation and commissioning phase. The gas-liquid density difference is generated by the water density value corresponding to the water temperature and the bubble gas phase density reference value; when no real-time gas phase density sensor is set, the bubble gas phase density reference value is substituted according to the density reference value of air at the current pressure and temperature, and the substitution flag is written into the sampling record. The fluid drag contribution, buoyancy contribution, and surface tension adhesion contribution are all bound to the same bubble equivalent size, the same local flow velocity, the same window number, and the same sampling window. If the binding is not completed, no interface desorption margin is generated, but a desorption margin input missing state is written, and the current sampling window is switched to the conventional pollution analysis channel without triggering the bubble degassing execution component.

[0055] The equivalent bubble size is used to convert microbubbles near the window into geometric quantities that can participate in mechanical calculations. When generating the equivalent bubble size, if the sampling leg is equipped with a near-field imaging component for the window, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the projected length and width of the reflected bright spot in the window plane, and generates the equivalent bubble diameter from the projected length and width. If the sampling leg is not equipped with a near-field imaging component for the window, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the duration of the window reflection enhancement term and the local flow velocity, multiplies the two to obtain the equivalent residence length of the bubble along the window direction, and combines this with the spot width to generate the equivalent bubble diameter. The water quality monitoring and analysis unit generates the bubble's upstream area, bubble volume, and bubble contact line length based on the equivalent bubble diameter; and substitutes the bubble's upstream area and local flow velocity into the fluid drag contribution calculation, the bubble volume and gas-liquid density difference into the buoyancy contribution calculation, and the bubble contact line length, window contact angle, and surface tension into the surface tension adhesion contribution calculation. The remaining driving force of these three contributions constitutes the interface desorption margin.

[0056] The interface desorption margin is generated by the remaining driving force of the fluid drag contribution and buoyancy contribution relative to the surface tension adhesion contribution. It indicates whether the current bubble meets the desorption conditions and whether external desorption is required. After generating the interface desorption margin, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes it into the desorption admission field. The desorption admission field includes a natural desorption verifiable state and an external desorption requirement state. When the interface desorption margin indicates that the resultant force of the fluid drag contribution and buoyancy contribution has exceeded the surface tension adhesion contribution, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the natural desorption verifiable state and subsequently performs back-read verification. When the interface desorption margin indicates that the resultant force of the fluid drag contribution and buoyancy contribution has not exceeded the surface tension adhesion contribution, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the external desorption requirement state and drives the micro-flushing channel, short-path velocity enhancement channel, window wiping component, or vibration desorption component to perform self-desorption. This process ensures that the subsequent execution path is determined by the mechanical conditions of the bubble interface: when the bubble has the conditions for natural detachment, it directly enters the readback window; when the bubble is still attached to the window interface, the bubble removal execution component is triggered by the mechanical conditions of the interface, rather than by a fixed cycle.

[0057] Specifically, step four is used for self-bubble removal, interface verification, and reconstruction of contamination analysis results, including: The water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the desorption margin of the interface and determines the subsequent execution path based on the content written in the desorption threshold field. If the desorption threshold field is written with a natural desorption verifiable state, it indicates that the combined force of the current fluid drag contribution and buoyancy contribution has exceeded the surface tension adhesion contribution. The water quality monitoring and analysis unit does not trigger the defoaming execution component and directly enters the readback window. If the desorption threshold field is written with an external force defoaming requirement state, it indicates that the bubbles are still adhered to the window interface. The water quality monitoring and analysis unit sends a defoaming control signal through the execution output terminal to drive the micro-flushing channel, short-path flow velocity enhancement channel, window wiping component, or vibration defoaming component in the sampling leg to perform self-defoaming action. After the self-defoaming action stops, it enters the readback window.

[0058] When the self-draining bubble action is performed, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit sends a bubble drainage control signal to the bubble drainage execution area of ​​the sampling leg through the execution output terminal. The bubble drainage control signal is determined by the absolute value of the interface desorption margin and the content written in the desorption access field.

[0059] When the external force defoaming requirement is written and the interface desorption margin indicates insufficient remaining driving force, the execution output terminal converts the remaining driving force into the driving parameters of the corresponding defoaming execution component according to the preset control mapping relationship, and applies it to the area near the optical window in the following manner: If the micro-flushing channel is selected, the execution output terminal sends an opening signal to the micro-flushing valve, and determines the flushing flow requirement from the preset control mapping table according to the magnitude of the remaining driving force. By adjusting the opening duty cycle of the micro-flushing valve, a tangential stripping component is generated in the flow field near the window until the interface desorption margin update value indicates that the remaining driving force has changed from negative to positive. If a short-range flow rate boosting channel is selected, the output terminal sends a flow rate boosting signal to the inlet pump or bypass valve, causing the local flow rate at the front end of the optical window inside the sampling leg to be boosted to above the critical flow rate for bubble desorption under the current window material and water temperature conditions. If a window wiping component is selected, the output terminal sends a wiping drive signal to the wiping drive motor, driving the wiping component body to pass over the outer surface of the optical window. If a vibration bubble removal component is selected, the output terminal sends a frequency sweep drive signal to the piezoelectric transducer element, causing the piezoelectric transducer element to generate mechanical vibration on the fixed structure around the window and transmit it to the interface between the optical window and the water. The drive parameters of each of the above bubble removal execution components are determined by a preset control mapping table based on the interface desorption margin. The preset control mapping table is bound to the window material, sampling leg model, and water temperature range. The bubble desorption control mapping table takes the interface desorption margin level, window material, sampling leg model and water temperature range as input fields, and the micro-flushing valve opening duty cycle, water inlet pump flow rate increase, sweep drive motor action duration or piezoelectric transducer frequency sweep range as output fields, and is written by the bubble desorption verification record during the installation and commissioning phase.

[0060] When the natural desorption verifiable state is written, the output terminal does not trigger the bubble removal execution component, and the water quality monitoring and analysis unit directly enters the readback verification.

[0061] After each bubble removal action is completed, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit records the bubble removal action type, execution start and end times, sampling leg number, window number, and readback window start point.

[0062] The readback window refers to the data collection interval used to continuously read the window reflection enhancement term, apparent extinction, gas supersaturation factor, and pressure change direction after the bubble removal action stops or the verifiable state of natural desorption is written. The duration of the readback window is derived from the flow refresh time determined by the effective volume of the sampling leg and the current influent flow rate, and covers at least one optical response recovery process. This window is used to determine whether the bubble removal action has truly changed the window interface state, and also to determine whether the residual gas nuclei have the conditions for reignition.

[0063] When performing interface residue verification, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit first records the moment when the apparent extinction falls back to the neighborhood of the apparent extinction stable baseline, and then records the moment when the window reflection enhancement term recovers to the neighborhood of the clean window baseline. The order of these two moments is then compared: if the window reflection enhancement term recovers later than the apparent extinction, the interface residue verification output shows a residue conclusion, indicating that residue still adheres to the window interface. When performing gas evolution drive verification, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the direction of change of the gas supersaturation factor and the direction of pressure change within the readback window. The direction of pressure change is determined by comparing the current pressure within the readback window with the pressure at the time of the defoaming action trigger; when the pressure change direction is a decrease, it is considered that the gas evolution drive has not been eliminated; when the pressure change direction is an increase and the increase causes the gas supersaturation factor to fall below the gas evolution prerequisite, it is considered that the gas evolution drive has been eliminated; the determination of the pressure change magnitude is based on whether the gas supersaturation factor still indicates a gas evolution prerequisite. When the gas supersaturation factor still indicates a gas evolution prerequisite and the gas evolution drive has not been eliminated, the gas evolution drive verification output shows a gas evolution drive conclusion.

[0064] The combined results of the interface residue check and the gas evolution drive check are handled according to the following four scenarios: When both checks have conclusions, the residual gas nuclei have the conditions for reignition, triggering another bubble removal; when only the interface residue check has a conclusion, the readback window is extended to wait for the window interface to recover further; when only the gas evolution drive check has a conclusion, the reconstruction of the contamination analysis results is temporarily suspended to avoid interference from bubble reignition; when neither check has a conclusion, it indicates that the window interface has been completely restored and the gas evolution drive has been eliminated, allowing the reconstruction of the contamination analysis results.

[0065] When triggering a second bubble removal within the readback window, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit maintains the current bubble removal execution component type unchanged and extends the bubble removal execution duration based on the original bubble removal control signal. The extension amount is written into the readback control record by the residual level confirmed by the interface residual check. The end time of the extended bubble removal execution serves as the starting point of the new readback window, and the two checks are re-executed within the new readback window. When writing extended readback within the readback window, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit extends the end time of the current readback window by an amount determined by the effective volume of the sampling leg and the flow refresh time based on the current influent flow rate. During the extension period, the unit continuously records the direction of change of the window reflection enhancement term. When the window reflection enhancement term falls back to the clean window baseline neighborhood within the extension interval, the extended readback state is closed in advance, and the unit enters the pollution analysis result reconstruction. When writing a paused pollution analysis result reconstruction within the readback window, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit continues the current optical sampling until the gas supersaturation factor drops below the gas evolution prerequisite or the pressure change direction causes the gas evolution drive check to output a conclusion of no gas evolution drive, before allowing the pollution analysis result reconstruction.

[0066] The reconstruction of the pollution analysis results includes the selection of effective optical information, pseudo-peak component separation, and writing of the reconstruction results. When selecting effective optical information, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy, and window reflection enhancement terms corresponding to the bubble pseudo-peak locking state. First, optical components that change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term and significantly decrease with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process are excluded. Then, optical components that do not change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term are retained as effective optical information after pseudo-peak separation. When separating pseudo-peak components, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the readback difference before and after bubble removal or desorption verification into the readback verification information. Optical changes that fade with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process are identified as bubble pseudo-peak components; optical changes that do not fade with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process and continue consistently with the pollution-sensitive channel are retained as pollution analysis components.

[0067] When writing the reconstruction results, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the original optical readings, bubble pseudo-peak locking status, readback verification information, effective optical information after pseudo-peak separation, and reconstructed pollution readings into the pollution analysis results. If all optical components change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term and all disappear with the self-bubble removal action, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit does not output a pollution increase conclusion, but writes the current sampling window into the bubble pseudo-peak event record. Optical changes that do not disappear with the self-bubble removal action and continue consistently in the pollution-sensitive channel are retained as pollution analysis components and included in the reconstructed pollution readings.

[0068] In an optional equivalent implementation, when only one of the scattered light intensities at at least two scattering angles is valid, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit does not generate a scattering anisotropy term, but instead enters a downgrade protection path. This downgrade protection path retains the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, window reflection enhancement term, and readback verification information. When the gas supersaturation factor indicates a gas precipitation condition, the apparent extinction shows transmission attenuation, the window reflection enhancement term shows increased reflection at the window interface, and the readback verification information after bubble removal shows that the aforementioned transmission attenuation and window reflection enhancement subside synchronously, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit writes the current sampling window into the bubble pseudo-peak event record and pauses the output of the pollution increase conclusion. This downgrade protection path does not replace the complete bubble pseudo-peak locking state judgment process and is only used for abnormal operating conditions where scattering angle information is insufficient.

[0069] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring, characterized in that, include: Simultaneously acquire water body gas state data and optical response data, and generate a gas supersaturation factor based on the water body gas state data; Transmission response data, angular scattering response data, and window reflection response data are extracted from the optical response data to generate apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term, respectively. Based on the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term, a bubble pseudo-peak locking state is generated; When the bubble pseudo-peak locking state characterizes optical anomalies dominated by bubble scattering, an interface desorption margin is generated based on the hydrodynamic information in the sampling leg and the window interface information, and self-bubble removal or direct entry into the readback window is performed according to the interface desorption margin. Within the readback window, the interface residue is checked for the recovery time of the window reflection enhancement term and the apparent extinction amount, and the gas evolution drive is checked for the change direction of the gas supersaturation factor and the change direction of the pressure. Based on the combined results of the interface residue check and the gas evolution drive check, the readback window is extended, bubbles are removed again, reconstruction is temporarily suspended, or the contamination analysis results are reconstructed.

2. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water gas state data includes dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure; the optical response data includes incident reference light intensity, transmitted light intensity, scattered light intensity at at least two scattering angles, and window reflected light intensity; the hydrodynamic information within the sampling leg includes local flow velocity and equivalent bubble size; the window interface information includes window contact angle and surface tension; the interface desorption margin is generated by the residual driving force between fluid drag contribution, buoyancy contribution, and surface tension adhesion contribution; the surface tension is obtained from a preset material parameter library based on window material and water temperature, or read from the output of an external surface tension sensor by the water quality monitoring and analysis unit. When no real-time measurement is available, the standard surface tension value of water at the current temperature is substituted into the calculation, and the substitution flag is written into the sampling record.

3. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, When generating the gas supersaturation factor, the dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pressure of the water body are read, the current equilibrium dissolved amount is determined based on the temperature and pressure, and the deviation of the dissolved oxygen in the water body relative to the current equilibrium dissolved amount is written into the gas supersaturation factor.

4. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, When generating the scattering anisotropy term, the relative enhancement directions of at least two scattering angles within the same sampling window are compared, and the particle scattering state, angle-biased scattering state, or insufficient scattering evidence state is output. When the insufficient scattering evidence state is written, the degradation protection path is entered, and the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction amount, and window reflection enhancement term are retained to continue to perform bubble pseudo-peak judgment.

5. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bubble pseudo-peak locking state includes an unlocked state, an insufficient evidence state, and a bubble scattering-dominant state. When the gas supersaturation factor represents the premise of gas precipitation, and the apparent extinction amount shows transmission attenuation, the scattering anisotropy term shows angular bias scattering state, and the window reflection enhancement term shows window interface reflection enhancement, the bubble scattering-dominant state is written.

6. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The equivalent size of the bubble is generated by the projection range of the reflected bright spot read by the near-field imaging component of the window; or by the duration of the window reflection enhancement term and the local flow velocity to generate the equivalent residence length of the bubble along the window direction, combined with the spot width; the water quality monitoring and analysis unit generates the bubble frontal area, bubble volume and bubble contact line length according to the equivalent size of the bubble, and respectively substitutes the bubble frontal area and local flow velocity into the fluid drag contribution calculation, substitutes the bubble volume and gas-liquid density difference into the buoyancy contribution calculation, and substitutes the bubble contact line length, window contact angle and surface tension into the surface tension adhesion contribution calculation. The remaining driving force of the three contributions constitutes the interface desorption margin.

7. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interface desorption margin is written into the desorption admission field, which includes the natural desorption verifiable state and the external force defoaming requirement state. When the resultant force of the fluid drag contribution and the buoyancy contribution exceeds the surface tension adhesion contribution, the natural desorption verifiable state is written; otherwise, the external force defoaming requirement state is written.

8. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing the interface residue check, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit records the time when the apparent extinction falls back to the neighborhood of the apparent extinction stable baseline and the time when the window reflection enhancement term falls back to the neighborhood of the clean window baseline in the readback window. When the window reflection enhancement term recovers later than the apparent extinction, the interface residue check outputs a residue conclusion. When performing the gas evolution driven check, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit reads the change direction of the gas supersaturation factor and the pressure change direction in the readback window. When the gas supersaturation factor still indicates the gas evolution premise and the pressure change direction does not cause the gas supersaturation factor to drop below the gas evolution premise, the gas evolution driven check outputs a gas evolution driven conclusion. When both the interface residue check and the gas evolution driven check conclusions are valid, the bubble removal is triggered again. When only the interface residue check has a conclusion, the readback window is extended. When only the gas evolution driven check has a conclusion, the pollution analysis result reconstruction is temporarily suspended. When neither check has a conclusion, the pollution analysis result reconstruction begins.

9. The water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, When reconstructing the pollution analysis results, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit first excludes optical components that change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term and decline with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process. Then, it retains optical components that do not change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term as valid optical information after pseudo-peak separation, and writes them into the reconstructed pollution reading in combination with the readback difference before and after bubble removal or desorption verification. The desorption verification process is the natural decline process of the window reflection enhancement term and apparent extinction within the readback window after directly entering the readback window. When all optical components change in tandem with the window reflection enhancement term and decline with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process, the water quality monitoring and analysis unit does not output a pollution increase conclusion, but writes the current sampling window into the bubble pseudo-peak event record. Optical changes that do not decline with the self-bubble removal action or desorption verification process and continue consistently in the pollution-sensitive channel are retained as pollution analysis components and included in the reconstructed pollution reading.

10. A water pollution analysis system for water environment monitoring, used to implement the water pollution analysis method for water environment monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Parameter generation module: synchronously acquires water gas state data and optical response data, and generates a gas supersaturation factor based on the water gas state data; Transmission response data, angular scattering response data, and window reflection response data are extracted from the optical response data to generate apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term, and window reflection enhancement term, respectively. False peak locking module: Generates bubble false peak locking state based on the gas supersaturation factor, apparent extinction, scattering anisotropy term and window reflection enhancement term; Desorption decision module: When the bubble pseudo-peak locking state characterizes optical anomalies dominated by bubble scattering, an interface desorption margin is generated based on the hydrodynamic information in the sampling leg and the window interface information, and self-desorption or direct entry into the readback window is performed according to the interface desorption margin. The readback and reconstruction module: Within the readback window, it performs interface residue verification on the recovery timeline of the window reflection enhancement term and apparent extinction, and performs gas evolution-driven verification on the direction of change of gas supersaturation factor and pressure change. Based on the combined results of the interface residue verification and gas evolution-driven verification, it performs actions such as extending the readback window, re-degassing, temporarily suspending reconstruction, or reconstructing the contamination analysis results. The readback handling status is executed according to the verification results; the readback handling status controls the timing of degassing verification, readback window maintenance, and contamination analysis result reconstruction.

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