A method and system for self-distribution, binding, recycling and charging management of UWB positioning tags

Abstract

The application discloses a UWB positioning tag self-service issuing, binding, recycling and charging management method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: authenticating the identity or ticket of a visitor, and generating a visit session ID; selecting a target UWB positioning tag from a preset available tag pool; reading the unique identification code of the target UWB positioning tag, and establishing a binding relationship between the visit session ID and the unique identification code; ejecting the target UWB positioning tag, and detecting whether the UWB positioning tag is successfully taken away; activating the UWB positioning function corresponding to the unique identification code; releasing the binding relationship between the visit session ID and the unique identification code, clearing the temporary session data in the UWB positioning tag, and moving the UWB positioning tag into a charging slot for charging management. By adopting the method, the risk of tag wrong binding, missing binding and inconsistent background state can be greatly reduced, and the whole life cycle closed-loop management of the tag is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical fields of smart exhibition halls, indoor high-precision positioning, and self-service equipment management, specifically involving a method and system for self-service issuance, binding, recycling, and charging management of UWB positioning tags. Background Technology

[0002] In smart exhibition hall systems, to achieve location-based automated explanations, route guidance, visitor flow statistics, personnel safety management, and interactive exhibit linkage, it is usually necessary to equip visitors with location-enabled terminals. While mobile phone positioning is convenient, it has certain limitations in terms of high accuracy, low latency, unified management, and complex indoor environments. Therefore, in high-requirement smart exhibition hall projects, badge-style or card-style UWB positioning tags have better engineering applicability.

[0003] In existing projects, the distribution and collection of location tags are mostly done manually. Staff register visitors at the entrance, issue tags, and verbally remind them how to wear them; after the visit, the tags are manually collected, recharged, and inventoried. This method can be used for small-scale visits, but it is prone to the following problems in group visits, peak holiday periods, or unattended exhibition halls:

[0004] 1. Manual card issuance is inefficient, and queues are likely to form during peak hours. In addition, staff need to handle ticket verification, card issuance, explanation of wearing methods, and abnormal issues simultaneously.

[0005] 2. Tags are easily misbound, missed, or not unbound in a timely manner when they are associated with visitor identities or visit sessions, affecting the accuracy of location data and tour guide content.

[0006] 3. If the tag is not automatically identified and unbound after the visitor returns it, the system may still consider the tag to be in use.

[0007] 4. The lack of unified management of tag battery level, health status, and charging status may lead to low battery tags being reissued, causing the connection to drop midway.

[0008] 5. When there are a large number of tags, manual inventory is difficult, and it is hard to detect lost, misplaced, faulty, or abnormal charging in a timely manner.

[0009] 6. If temporary identity information or session tokens are stored in the tag and not deleted after recycling, there are privacy and data security risks.

[0010] Therefore, it is necessary to design a UWB positioning tag self-management device and method for smart exhibition hall applications, so that the tags can complete health checks and automatic binding before distribution, and complete unbinding, data clearing, charging and inventory pooling after recycling, thereby forming a complete closed loop of tag lifecycle management. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for self-service issuance, binding, recycling and charging management of UWB positioning tags, which solves the problems of low efficiency of manual card issuance, easy misbinding or omission of tags, and the possibility of abnormal tags being issued in existing smart exhibition halls, which affect the visitor experience.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is:

[0013] A method for self-service issuance, binding, recycling, and charging management of UWB positioning tags includes the following steps:

[0014] Authenticate the visitor's identity or ticket, and generate a corresponding visit session ID after successful verification;

[0015] Select a target UWB positioning tag from a preset pool of available tags, which is dynamically updated based on the tag's battery level, health status, and charging status.

[0016] Read the unique identifier of the target UWB positioning tag and establish a binding relationship between the visitor session ID and the unique identifier in the background database;

[0017] The control mechanism ejects the target UWB positioning tag and detects whether the UWB positioning tag has been successfully removed;

[0018] In response to the detection signal that the tag has been successfully removed, the UWB positioning function corresponding to the unique identifier is activated, and the UWB positioning tag status is updated to "bound and in use".

[0019] In response to the detection signal that the tag is inserted into the recycling port, the binding relationship between the visitor session ID and the unique identifier is released, the temporary session data in the UWB positioning tag is cleared, and the UWB positioning tag is moved into the charging slot for charging management.

[0020] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, the UWB positioning tags in the available tag pool must simultaneously meet the following requirements: not bound, battery level reaches the threshold, normal health status, charging completed, no unprocessed fault codes, and communication self-test passed.

[0021] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, the specific process of selecting a target UWB positioning tag from a preset pool of available tags is as follows:

[0022] Collect the battery level (B), health status (H), charging completion quality (C), and recent communication success rate (R) of each candidate UWB positioning tag;

[0023] Based on preset weighting coefficients, the score tag for each candidate UWB location tag is calculated using the following formula:

[0024] ;

[0025] Where B represents battery capacity, H represents tag health, C represents charging completion quality, R represents recent usage success rate, E represents penalty for fault or abnormal records, T represents penalty for temperature or overheating risk, and wb, wh, wc, wr, we, and wt are weights. The tag with the highest score and the status meeting the requirements is selected as the tag to be issued.

[0026] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, after the UWB positioning tag is issued, the device confirms that the visitor has taken the tag through the exit sensor, mechanical positioning detection, or the first UWB heartbeat; if the tag is not confirmed to have been taken within a preset time, the binding is canceled or the UWB positioning tag is retried.

[0027] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, the specific process of clearing the temporary session data within the UWB positioning tag is as follows:

[0028] Send a data erasure command to the tag to delete the session token, user preference cache and temporary interaction data stored in the UWB positioning tag;

[0029] After confirming that the data has been cleared, update the tag status to "unbound and ready to charge", and ensure that the UWB positioning tag does not retain any data that can directly identify an individual on the tag end.

[0030] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, the charging management steps specifically include:

[0031] After the UWB positioning tag is untied, the device will send the UWB positioning tag into the charging slot or the charging position in the recycling bin.

[0032] Each charging slot detects the UWB positioning tag's location, charging contact, voltage, current, temperature, and charging time.

[0033] When the UWB positioning tag reaches the set full charge threshold and there are no abnormalities in the charging process, the system updates the status of the UWB positioning tag to "fully charged and ready to be dispatched". If there is overheating, charging timeout, abnormal current, poor contact, battery aging, or repeated self-test failure, the UWB positioning tag will be switched to "fault isolation" or "maintenance pending" status and will no longer participate in automatic dispatch.

[0034] The system records the cumulative number of charging cycles, average battery life, recent fault codes, and battery health status for each UWB positioning tag.

[0035] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, it also includes a UWB positioning tag full lifecycle state machine management step:

[0036] Define several typical states of UWB positioning tags, including at least: fully charged and ready to send, selected and ready to bind, bound and in use, being recycled and identified, unbound and ready to charge, charging, fully charged and ready to send, fault isolation, lost / overdue and not returned;

[0037] Set state transition conditions. The tag state is allowed to transition from one state to another only when the preset conditions are met.

[0038] A self-service distribution, binding, recycling, and charging management system for UWB positioning tags, comprising:

[0039] The identity authentication unit is used to collect visitors' ticketing or identity information and send it to the backend for verification;

[0040] The human-computer interaction unit is used to display operating steps, wearing instructions, abnormal prompts, and multilingual guidance;

[0041] Label storage is used to store labels to be shipped, recycled labels, and defective labels.

[0042] The tag reading and writing unit is used to read the unique identification code of the tag in the slot or when it enters or exits, and to write or clear data to the tag and perform communication self-test.

[0043] Mechanical card dispensing and recycling mechanism is used to complete card dispensing, card return, arrival detection, and anti-jamming procedures;

[0044] The charging management unit is used for charging and safety protection of each tag slot;

[0045] The equipment control unit is connected to the identity authentication unit, tag storage unit, tag reading and writing unit, mechanical distribution and recycling mechanism and charging management unit respectively, and is used to execute the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6;

[0046] The back-end communication unit interacts with the ticketing system, location platform, and tour guide system.

[0047] Security and maintenance unit for theft prevention, tamper protection, power failure protection, logging, and remote maintenance.

[0048] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution, it also includes an anomaly isolation compartment for storing UWB positioning tags marked as "fault isolation" or "illegal insertion" to prevent them from being mixed with normal tags.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) This invention achieves closed-loop management of the entire life cycle of the tag through the sequence of “authentication-card selection-card reading-binding-card issuance confirmation”, which greatly reduces the risk of incorrect or missing tag binding and inconsistent background status. It also greatly reduces the workload of manual registration, manual card issuance and manual explanation of wearing methods, and improves card issuance efficiency.

[0051] (2) By checking the power and battery health before distribution, this invention avoids low power or faulty tags from entering the visit process, improves the reliability of UWB positioning and intelligent tour guide, and provides a guarantee for the visitor's comfortable visit experience.

[0052] (3) This invention achieves automated management of tag assets, charging status, fault isolation and maintenance statistics through slot-level charging management and tag status machine management. At the same time, alarms such as overdue return, low inventory, charging abnormality and tag failure are provided to facilitate timely handling of abnormalities by exhibition hall operators.

[0053] (4) This invention automatically identifies, unbinds and clears data during recycling, thus avoiding the tag remaining associated with the original visitor after it is returned, thereby reducing privacy and data security risks.

[0054] (5) This invention can form a closed loop with UWB positioning engine, intelligent tour guide system and ticketing system, and is particularly suitable for smart exhibition halls with no or few staff. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the self-service label issuance and binding method of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tag recycling, unbinding, and charging management process of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system composition structure of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the self-service distribution, recycling, and charging equipment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the UWB positioning tag's full lifecycle state machine according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0061] Example

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in this embodiment, a method for self-service issuance, binding, recycling, and charging management of UWB positioning tags for smart exhibition halls includes the following steps:

[0063] Authenticate the visitor's identity or ticket, and generate a corresponding visit session ID after successful verification;

[0064] Select a target UWB positioning tag from a preset pool of available tags, which is dynamically updated based on the tag's battery level, health status, and charging status.

[0065] Read the unique identifier of the target UWB positioning tag and establish a binding relationship between the visitor session ID and the unique identifier in the background database;

[0066] The control mechanism ejects the target UWB positioning tag and detects whether the UWB positioning tag has been successfully removed;

[0067] In response to the detection signal that the tag has been successfully removed, the UWB positioning function corresponding to the unique identifier is activated, and the UWB positioning tag status is updated to "bound and in use".

[0068] In response to the detection signal that the tag is inserted into the recycling port, the binding relationship between the visitor session ID and the unique identifier is released, the temporary session data in the UWB positioning tag is cleared, and the UWB positioning tag is moved into the charging slot for charging management.

[0069] In this embodiment, visitors complete identity or ticket authentication in front of the device through at least one method: scanning the ticket QR code, reading the ID card, entering the reservation code, swiping the group ticket, verifying through facial recognition, or generating a one-time card retrieval code by the mini-program.

[0070] After successful authentication, the backend generates a visit_session_id for the visitor and records information such as entry time, ticketing permissions, language of visit, whether it is in child / elderly mode, and whether it is a group member. This session ID is associated with the subsequently issued tag_id, but the tag does not store original sensitive information such as ID number or facial features. If data needs to be written to the tag, only a short-term valid session token or device authentication code is written.

[0071] In this embodiment, the device or the backend maintains a pool of available tags. The UWB positioning tags in the available tag pool must simultaneously meet the following conditions: not bound, battery level reaches the threshold, health status is normal, charging is complete, no unprocessed fault codes, and communication self-test is passed.

[0072] When multiple tags are available, the system can use a tag selection score (Score_tag) to select the most suitable tag for distribution.

[0073] Score_tag = wb·B + wh·H + wc·C + wr·R - we·E - wt·T

[0074] Where B represents battery capacity, H represents tag health, C represents charging completion quality, R represents recent usage success rate, E represents penalty for fault or abnormal records, T represents penalty for temperature or overheating risk, and wb, wh, wc, wr, we, and wt are weights. The tag with the highest score and the status meeting the requirements is selected as the tag to be issued.

[0075] The above design can prevent some tags from being left idle for a long time or overused due to only taking the first tag each time the machine is used. It can also prevent tags with low power, overheating or frequent malfunctions from being issued incorrectly.

[0076] In this embodiment, after selecting a tag, the device reads the tag's unique identifier (tag_id) via RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), NFC (Near Field Communication), serial port contacts, UWB communication, or other read / write methods, and performs a pre-issuance self-test. The self-test items include: battery level, charging contact disconnection status, temperature, button or indicator light status, firmware version, UWB heartbeat, recent fault records, and whether the tag has been occupied by another session.

[0077] After the self-check passes, the backend will establish a binding relationship between visitor, session, tag, and slot. The binding relationship includes at least: visit_session_id, tag_id, slot_id, issue_time, auth_type, device_id, operator_type, bind_status, and validity period. Only after the binding is successfully written to the backend will the device be allowed to perform mechanical card dispensing.

[0078] To prevent the issue of "the card being bound in the backend but the visitor not receiving it," the device performs a card retrieval confirmation after dispensing the card. Card retrieval confirmation can be achieved through a card dispenser sensor, mechanical limit switch, infrared beam detection, weight detection, or initial UWB heartbeat confirmation. If no card is detected within a set time, the device either unbinds the card or recycles it to a ready-to-dispense state, prompting the user to repeat the process.

[0079] To achieve closed-loop management, the backend should at least store the data table shown in Table 1 or an equivalent data structure:

[0080] Table 1 Key fields corresponding to data objects

[0081] Data Objects Key fields illustrate Tag Asset Table tag_id, model, batch, firmware version, SOH, cumulative charging count, current status Used to manage the asset attributes and health status of each tag. Slot Status Table slot_id, device_id, whether there is a tag, tag_id, voltage, current, temperature, charging status. Used to manage the status of each slot in the card dispenser. Visiting conversation form visit_session_id, ticket ID, entry time, language, group ID, status Used to manage a single visit process, without directly exposing sensitive identity information. Binding Relationship Table visit_session_id, tag_id, bind_time, return_time, bind_status, device_id Used to record the binding and unbinding process of tags from visit sessions. Charging record sheet tag_id, slot_id, start_time, end_time, charging curve, exception code Used to analyze battery status and slot faults Anomaly Alarm Form tag_id, slot_id, device_id, fault_code, occurrence time, processing status Used for equipment maintenance and manual processing

[0082] The fields mentioned above are for illustrative purposes only. Actual projects may add or remove fields based on the data interfaces of the ticketing system, tour guide system, and location platform. The principle is that all issuance, binding, recycling, unbinding, charging, and exception handling should be traceable.

[0083] In this embodiment, after the tags are issued, the backend switches the tag status from "fully loaded and ready to be issued" to "bound and in use". The UWB positioning engine obtains the visitor's location based on the tag_id and provides the location data to the tour guide system, visitor flow system, or security management system.

[0084] During the visit, the system can update the tag status based on tag heartbeat, battery level, online location status, and abnormal movement. For example, if a tag has no heartbeat for an extended period, the system will prompt staff to conduct a patrol; if a visitor approaches the exit but fails to return the tag, the system can prompt them to return it via the exit screen, mini-program, or voice device; and when a group visit ends, the system can tally the number of unreturned tags by group.

[0085] After a visitor inserts the tag back into the card slot, the device first performs a mechanical positioning detection and an anti-reverse insertion detection, then reads the tag_id. The backend queries the currently bound visit_session based on the tag_id. If a valid binding relationship exists, the system closes the corresponding tour session, records the return_time, unbinds the tag_id from the visit_session, and switches the tag status to "Recycling and Recognition in Progress" or "Unbound and Awaiting Charging".

[0086] After unbinding, the system clears the temporary session token, user preference cache, or temporary interaction data from the tag. The backend retains necessary anonymized logs for passenger flow statistics, equipment maintenance, and dispute resolution, but does not retain directly identifiable personal data on the tag.

[0087] If the tag read by the device is not a tag from this library, does not match the current session, is already in an unbound state, has a disconnection flag, or cannot be read by tag_id, the device will not be directly added to the distribution pool, but will instead enter an abnormal process. The abnormal process includes rejection notification, temporary isolation, manual review, tag locking, and alarm reporting.

[0088] After the tag is untied, the device sends the tag to the charging slot or the charging position in the recycling bin. Each charging slot is configured with a slot number (slot_id) and can detect tag placement, charging contact, voltage, current, temperature, and charging time. The system sets a charging curve according to the tag's battery type and has overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, short circuit, and poor contact protection.

[0089] When the tag's battery reaches the set full charge threshold and the charging process is normal, the system will update the tag status to "fully charged and ready to be distributed". If overheating, charging timeout, abnormal current, poor contact, battery aging, or repeated self-test failure occurs, the tag will be switched to "fault isolation" or "pending maintenance" status and will no longer participate in automatic distribution.

[0090] The system can also record the cumulative number of charging times, average battery life, recent fault codes, and State of Health (SOH) for each tag, which can be used to determine whether the battery needs to be replaced or the tag needs to be scrapped.

[0091] This invention constrains the tag lifecycle through a state machine. Typical states include: fully charged and ready to go, selected and ready to bind, bound and in use, being recycled and identified, unbound and ready to charge, charging, fully charged and ready to go, fault isolation, and lost / overdue.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, the system stipulates that status transitions can only occur when specific conditions are met. For example, only the "Fully Charged and Ready to Distribute" tag can enter the "Selected and Pending Binding" state; only after successful binding and card dispensing confirmation can it enter the "Bound and in Use" state; only after successful recycling identification and unbinding can it enter the "Unbound and Pending Charging" state; and only after normal charging and passing the health check can it re-enter the "Fully Charged and Ready to Distribute" state.

[0093] State machine management can prevent the same tag from being in multiple business states at the same time, and can also prevent unbound tags, faulty tags, or low battery tags from being mistakenly issued.

[0094] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a self-service distribution, binding, recycling, and charging management system for UWB positioning tags in a smart exhibition hall, including:

[0095] The identity authentication unit is used to collect visitors' ticket or identity information and send it to the backend for verification; it can be implemented using QR code scanners, ID card readers, cameras, facial recognition modules, mini-program card retrieval codes, etc.

[0096] The human-computer interaction unit is used to display operating steps, wearing instructions, abnormal prompts, and multilingual guidance; it can be implemented using a touch screen, voice broadcast, status lights, card retrieval animation, etc.

[0097] Tag storage is used to store tags to be issued, recycled tags, and abnormal tags; it can be implemented through structures such as multi-slot storage channels, magazine-type card slots, gravity / motor conveyor storage, and abnormal isolation storage.

[0098] The tag reading and writing unit is used to read the unique identification code of the tag in the slot or when it enters or exits, and to write or clear data to the tag and perform communication self-test; it can be implemented using RFID, NFC, UWB communication, contact serial port, I2C / SPI maintenance interface, etc.

[0099] The mechanical card dispensing and recycling mechanism is used to complete card dispensing, card return, arrival detection, and anti-jamming processing; it can be implemented through motors, slide rails, levers, infrared beams, micro switches, anti-pinch mechanisms, etc.

[0100] The charging management unit is used for charging and safety protection of each tag slot; it can be implemented through charging contacts, a charging management chip, current / voltage / temperature detection, and overcurrent and overtemperature protection.

[0101] The equipment control unit is connected to the identity authentication unit, tag storage unit, tag reading and writing unit, mechanical issuance and recycling mechanism, and charging management unit, respectively, and is used to coordinate authentication, card selection, card issuance, recycling, charging and communication; the equipment control can be achieved using an industrial control computer, MCU, Linux gateway, or embedded control board.

[0102] The back-end communication unit interacts with the ticketing system, positioning platform, and tour guide system; it can be implemented via Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, MQTT / HTTP / WebSocket.

[0103] The security and maintenance unit is used for theft prevention, tamper prevention, power failure protection, logging, and remote maintenance, which can be achieved through door sensors, cameras, UPS, watchdog timers, remote upgrades, and log uploads.

[0104] This embodiment also includes an anomaly isolation compartment for storing UWB positioning tags marked as "fault isolation" or "illegal insertion" to prevent them from being mixed with normal tags.

[0105] The implementation process of this invention will be explained below with reference to four specific examples.

[0106] I. Individual customers can collect and bind their cards independently.

[0107] Visitor Xiaoming scans the QR code for his reserved ticket at the entrance. The device sends the valid visit permissions returned by the ticketing system to the backend, which generates a visit_session_id. The device queries its internal tag pool and finds three tags in a "fully charged and ready" state. Among them, tag A has 98% battery, normal health, and no recent faults, giving it the highest score. After reading tag A's tag_id and completing a self-check, the device binds tag A to Xiaoming's visit session.

[0108] After successful binding, the device pushes Tag A out of the card dispenser and displays a message on the screen: "Please wear the positioning badge on your chest." After Xiaoming takes the tag, the card dispenser sensor detects the tag's departure, and the backend receives the first UWB heartbeat for that tag_id. The tag status then changes to "Bound and in use." The navigation system then pushes exhibit explanations to Xiaoming based on the location of that tag_id.

[0109] II. Automatic unbinding and charging of tags after return.

[0110] After Xiaoming finishes his tour, he inserts tag A into the card return slot of the device at the exit. The device detects the card's arrival, reads the tag_id, and checks the background to find that the tag is bound to Xiaoming's visit_session. The background then closes the tour session, writes the return_time, unbinds the tag, and sends a command to clear the temporary token to the tag.

[0111] After untying, the device places Tag A into charging slot 05. The charging management unit detects normal contact, initiates charging, and records the voltage, current, and temperature curves. Once charging is complete, the system reads Tag A's status again. If the battery level reaches 95% or higher and there are no error codes, the tag status is updated to "fully charged and ready to go," making it available for the next visitor.

[0112] III. Low battery tags will not be issued.

[0113] During peak hours, the device contains 20 tags: 12 fully charged, 5 charging, 2 low on power, and 1 with a poor charging contact. When visitors retrieve their cards, the system selects only from the 12 fully charged and healthy tags, and will not issue tags that are charging, low on power, or faulty.

[0114] If the number of available tags is lower than the preset safety stock, the device sends an "Insufficient tags to issue" alarm to the backend, reminding staff to replenish tags or activate backup equipment.

[0115] IV. Mismatch between returned tag and bound session

[0116] A visitor mistakenly inserted a tag issued by another device into this device. After reading the tag_id, the device found that the tag was not within its current management scope or that the session state bound to the tag was abnormal. In this case, the device does not directly add the tag to the issuing pool, but instead displays the message "Tag abnormal, please contact staff," and sends the tag to the abnormal isolation bin or keeps it at the return gate for processing. Simultaneously, the system records the fault_code to prevent tags from being mis-bound or mis-issued.

[0117] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Based on the technical essence of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for self-service issuance, binding, recycling, and charging management of UWB positioning tags, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Authenticate the visitor's identity or ticket, and generate a corresponding visit session ID after successful verification; Select a target UWB positioning tag from a preset pool of available tags, which is dynamically updated based on the tag's battery level, health status, and charging status. Read the unique identifier of the target UWB positioning tag and establish a binding relationship between the visitor session ID and the unique identifier in the background database; The control mechanism ejects the target UWB positioning tag and detects whether the UWB positioning tag has been successfully removed; In response to the detection signal that the tag has been successfully removed, the UWB positioning function corresponding to the unique identifier is activated, and the UWB positioning tag status is updated to "bound and in use"; In response to the detection signal that the tag is inserted into the recycling port, the binding relationship between the visitor session ID and the unique identifier is released, the temporary session data in the UWB positioning tag is cleared, and the UWB positioning tag is moved into the charging slot for charging management.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The UWB positioning tags in the available tag pool must simultaneously meet the following conditions: not bound, battery level reaches the threshold, normal health status, charging completed, no unprocessed fault codes, and communication self-test passed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of selecting a target UWB positioning tag from the preset available tag pool is as follows: Collect the battery level (B), health status (H), charging completion quality (C), and recent communication success rate (R) of each candidate UWB positioning tag; Based on preset weighting coefficients, the score tag for each candidate UWB location tag is calculated using the following formula: ； Where B represents battery capacity, H represents tag health, C represents charging completion quality, R represents recent usage success rate, E represents penalty for fault or abnormal records, T represents penalty for temperature or overheating risk, and wb, wh, wc, wr, we, and wt are weights. The tag with the highest score and the status that meets the requirements is selected as the tag to be issued.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the UWB positioning tag is issued, the device confirms that the visitor has taken the tag through the exit sensor, mechanical positioning detection, or the first UWB heartbeat; if the visitor is not confirmed to have taken the tag within a preset time, the tag is unbound or the UWB positioning tag is retried.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for clearing temporary session data within the UWB positioning tag is as follows: Send a data erasure command to the tag to delete the session token, user preference cache and temporary interaction data stored in the UWB positioning tag; After confirming that the data has been cleared, update the tag status to "unbound and ready to charge", and ensure that the UWB positioning tag does not retain any data that can directly identify an individual on the tag end.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging management steps specifically include: After the UWB positioning tag is untied, the device will send the UWB positioning tag into the charging slot or the charging position in the recycling bin. Each charging slot detects the UWB positioning tag's location, charging contact, voltage, current, temperature, and charging time. When the UWB positioning tag reaches the set full charge threshold and there are no abnormalities in the charging process, the system updates the status of the UWB positioning tag to "fully charged and ready to be dispatched". If there is overheating, charging timeout, abnormal current, poor contact, battery aging, or repeated self-test failure, the UWB positioning tag will be switched to "fault isolation" or "maintenance pending" status and will no longer participate in automatic dispatch. The system records the cumulative number of charging cycles, average battery life, recent fault codes, and battery health status for each UWB positioning tag.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the UWB positioning tag full lifecycle state machine management steps: Define several typical states of UWB positioning tags, including at least: fully charged and ready to send, selected and ready to bind, bound and in use, being recycled and identified, unbound and ready to charge, charging, fully charged and ready to send, fault isolation, lost / overdue and not returned; Set state transition conditions. The tag state is allowed to transition from one state to another only when the preset conditions are met.

8. A self-service distribution, binding, recycling, and charging management system for UWB positioning tags, characterized in that, include: The identity authentication unit is used to collect visitors' ticketing or identity information and send it to the backend for verification; The human-computer interaction unit is used to display operating steps, wearing instructions, abnormal prompts, and multilingual guidance; Label storage is used to store labels to be shipped, recycled labels, and defective labels. The tag reading and writing unit is used to read the unique identification code of the tag in the slot or when it enters or exits, and to write or clear data to the tag and perform communication self-test. Mechanical card dispensing and recycling mechanism is used to complete card dispensing, card return, arrival detection, and anti-jamming procedures; The charging management unit is used for charging and safety protection of each tag slot; The equipment control unit is connected to the identity authentication unit, tag storage unit, tag reading and writing unit, mechanical distribution and recycling mechanism and charging management unit respectively, and is used to execute the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The back-end communication unit interacts with the ticketing system, location platform, and tour guide system. Security and maintenance unit for theft prevention, tamper protection, power failure protection, logging, and remote maintenance.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes an anomaly isolation compartment, used to store UWB positioning tags marked "fault isolation" or "illegal insertion" to prevent them from being mixed with normal tags.

Images