Method, device and equipment for coupling and regulating vegetation based on photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application provides a vegetation coupling regulation method, device and equipment based on a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic system optimization. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an environmental parameter of an installation area where a vertical photovoltaic module is located and a structural parameter of the vertical photovoltaic module; determining a planting parameter of vegetation according to the environmental parameter and the structural parameter. Based on the planting parameter and the structural parameter, a planting layout parameter of the vegetation is determined. After the vegetation is planted based on the planting layout parameter, a coupling analysis is performed on monitored environmental parameters, module state parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module and vegetation state parameters of the planted vegetation in real time, a regulation parameter is determined, and a maintenance action of the planted vegetation is output according to the regulation parameter. The method is used to improve the comprehensive performance of the vertical photovoltaic system in terms of power generation efficiency, operation stability and ecological benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic system optimization technology, and more specifically, to a vegetation coupling control method, device, and equipment based on photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry in recent years, the problem of land resource scarcity has become increasingly prominent. Vertical photovoltaic systems, due to their advantages such as small footprint, strong adaptability, and ability to extend power generation periods, have become an important development direction in the photovoltaic field, especially suitable for special scenarios such as building facades, desert edges, and transportation routes. Because vertical photovoltaic modules are highly temperature sensitive, and the vertical installation method leads to poor heat dissipation paths, the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases significantly when the ambient temperature rises. Therefore, it is necessary to further ensure the overall performance of vertical photovoltaic systems, including power generation efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, performance optimization techniques for vertical photovoltaic systems mainly focus on improving the component structure, adjusting the bracket angle, and manual cleaning and maintenance. For example, optimizing the heat dissipation gap can reduce the component temperature, or mechanical cleaning or high-pressure spraying can be used to remove dust from the component surface.

[0004] However, existing passive or active heat dissipation solutions suffer from high energy consumption, complex structure, and poor adaptability. In areas with frequent sandstorms and lack of water, such as deserts and Gobi, the cleaning cost is high, and it is impossible to improve ecological benefits while improving power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a vegetation coupling control method, device and equipment based on photovoltaic modules, which solves the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and can greatly improve the comprehensive performance of vertical photovoltaic systems in terms of "power generation efficiency, operation stability and ecological benefits".

[0006] Firstly, a vegetation coupling regulation method based on photovoltaic modules is provided, which may include: Obtain environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; determine planting parameters for vegetation based on the environmental parameters and the structural parameters; Based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters, the planting layout parameters of the vegetation are determined; After planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, the monitored environmental parameters, the module status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation are coupled and analyzed in real time to determine the control parameters; based on the control parameters, the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation are output. Secondly, a vegetation coupling control device based on photovoltaic modules is provided, which may include: The acquisition module is used to acquire environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and the structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; and to determine the planting parameters of the vegetation based on the environmental parameters and the structural parameters. The determination module is used to determine the planting layout parameters of the vegetation based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters; The control module is used to perform real-time coupled analysis on the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation after planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, to determine the control parameters; and to output the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation according to the control parameters. Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; When a processor executes a program stored in memory, it implements any of the steps described in the first aspect above.

[0007] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of any of the methods described in the first aspect above.

[0008] This application provides a vegetation coupling control method, device, and equipment based on photovoltaic modules. The method acquires environmental parameters of the installation area of ​​the vertical photovoltaic modules and structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules. Based on these parameters, planting parameters for vegetation are determined. Based on these parameters, planting layout parameters for vegetation are determined. After planting vegetation based on these layout parameters, real-time coupling analysis is performed on the monitored environmental parameters, the module state parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation state parameters of the planted vegetation to determine control parameters. Based on these control parameters, maintenance actions for the planted vegetation are output. This solution overcomes the limitations of single-performance optimization in existing vertical photovoltaic systems by rationally selecting vegetation types, optimizing the planting layout, and implementing real-time monitoring. It achieves synergistic coupling of multiple vegetation effects with the power generation performance of vertical photovoltaic systems. Precise selection of vegetation types, utilizing the temperature field regulation effect, wind and sand interception effect (suppressing photovoltaic dust accumulation), and carbon sequestration effect of vegetation, couples these effects with the power generation performance of the vertical photovoltaic system to achieve comprehensive performance optimization of "improved power generation efficiency, enhanced operational stability, and improved ecological benefits," while simultaneously reducing system operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating another vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a vegetation coupling control device based on photovoltaic modules provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The words "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The words "comprising" or "including," etc., mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The words "connected," "coupled," or "connected," etc., are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up," "down," "left," "right," etc., are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0012] Currently, with the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry in recent years, the problem of land resource scarcity has become increasingly prominent. Vertical photovoltaic systems, due to their advantages such as small footprint, strong adaptability, and ability to extend power generation periods, have become an important development direction in the photovoltaic field, especially suitable for special scenarios such as building facades, desert edges, and transportation routes. Because vertical photovoltaic modules are highly temperature sensitive, and the vertical installation method leads to poor heat dissipation paths, the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases significantly when the ambient temperature rises. Therefore, it is necessary to further ensure the overall performance of vertical photovoltaic systems, including power generation efficiency.

[0013] In one example, performance optimization technologies for vertical photovoltaic systems mainly focus on improvements to component structure, adjustment of support angles, and manual cleaning and maintenance. For instance, optimizing heat dissipation gaps can reduce component temperature, or mechanical cleaning and high-pressure spraying can be used to remove dust from the component surface. However, existing passive or active heat dissipation solutions suffer from high energy consumption, complex structures, and poor adaptability. In deserts, Gobi, and other water-scarce, wind-blown sand areas, cleaning costs are high, failing to improve ecological benefits while simultaneously enhancing power generation efficiency.

[0014] In one example, photovoltaic system temperature control technology: Existing technologies mostly use passive heat dissipation (such as optimizing the installation angle of the components and increasing the heat dissipation gap) or active heat dissipation (such as forced ventilation and spray cooling) to reduce the temperature of photovoltaic modules. Although such technologies can alleviate the overheating problem of the modules to a certain extent, they have defects such as high energy consumption, complex structure, and poor adaptability. Moreover, they do not combine the natural temperature regulation effect of vegetation, and cannot achieve the synergy between heat dissipation and ecological benefits.

[0015] In one example, photovoltaic module dust accumulation prevention technology: Existing technologies mainly include manual cleaning, mechanical cleaning, and high-pressure spray cleaning. These technologies require a lot of manpower, material resources, and water resources, and the cleaning frequency is difficult to match the rate of wind and sand accumulation. Especially in deserts, Gobi and other areas with frequent wind and sand, the cleaning cost is high and the effect is limited. Some other technologies reduce dust accumulation by coating the module surface with anti-fouling coatings, but the coatings are prone to aging and peeling, and the long-term effect is not good. Moreover, they do not utilize the wind and sand interception effect of vegetation to inhibit dust accumulation at the source.

[0016] In one example, photovoltaic and vegetation integration technology: existing technologies are mainly "agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity" and "forestry-photovoltaic complementarity" models, which are mainly applied to horizontal photovoltaic systems. By planting crops and seedlings under the photovoltaic panels, the comprehensive utilization of land resources is achieved. However, such technologies only focus on the synergy between photovoltaic power generation and agriculture and forestry, and cannot achieve comprehensive optimization of the overall performance of vertical photovoltaic systems.

[0017] In summary, existing technologies have failed to achieve multi-effect coupled regulation of vegetation temperature field regulation, wind and sand interception (dust accumulation suppression), carbon sequestration effect and vertical photovoltaic power generation performance, and cannot meet the needs of comprehensive performance optimization and ecological sustainable development of vertical photovoltaic systems. Therefore, developing a targeted, effective and eco-friendly multi-effect coupled regulation method for vegetation has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0018] The vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules provided in this application can be applied to electronic devices, terminal devices, vegetation coupling control devices or equipment based on photovoltaic modules, or other devices or equipment that can execute this embodiment, and there are no limitations on this. In this embodiment, the execution subject is described as an electronic device.

[0019] The terminal can be a user equipment (UE) such as a mobile phone, smartphone, laptop computer, digital broadcast receiver, personal digital assistant (PDA), or tablet computer (PAD), handheld device, in-vehicle device, wearable device, computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal. This terminal has the ability to communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (RAN).

[0020] The preferred embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include: Step S101: Obtain the environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and the structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; determine the planting parameters of the vegetation based on the environmental parameters and structural parameters.

[0022] For example, a vertical photovoltaic system includes multiple vertical photovoltaic modules. Environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic modules are installed and structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules are obtained. Based on these environmental and structural parameters, planting parameters for vegetation are determined. The environmental parameters include ambient temperature, wind and sand intensity, and soil moisture; the structural parameters include the installation parameters of the modules; and the vegetation parameters include the combination of vegetation species and the proportion of planting area for each species within that combination.

[0023] Step S102: Determine the planting layout parameters of the vegetation based on the planting parameters and structural parameters.

[0024] For example, planting layout parameters of vegetation are determined based on planting parameters; the planting layout parameters are used for planting vegetation, including the distance between vegetation and direct photovoltaic modules, the distance between vegetation and other vegetation, etc.

[0025] Step S103: After planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, perform real-time coupled analysis on the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation to determine the control parameters; and output the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation according to the control parameters.

[0026] For example, environmental parameters, component status parameters, and vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation are monitored in real time; the environmental parameters, component status parameters, and vegetation status parameters are coupled and regulated to comprehensively determine the maintenance actions for the vegetation, and the maintenance actions are executed. The environmental parameters include ambient temperature, wind and sand intensity, and soil moisture; the component status parameters include component surface temperature and surface dust density; the vegetation status parameters include leaf area index and vegetation coverage; the maintenance actions include watering, pruning, and replanting, etc., and are not limited thereto. The method provided in this application embodiment obtains the environmental parameters of the installation area of ​​the vertical photovoltaic module and the structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; based on the environmental parameters and structural parameters, the planting parameters of the vegetation are determined. Based on the planting parameters and structural parameters, the planting layout parameters of the vegetation are determined. After planting the vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation are coupled and analyzed in real time to determine the regulation parameters; based on the regulation parameters, the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation are output. This solution overcomes the limitations of single-performance optimization in existing vertical photovoltaic systems by rationally selecting vegetation types, optimizing vegetation planting layout, and implementing real-time monitoring. It achieves synergistic coupling between the multiple effects of vegetation and the power generation performance of vertical photovoltaic systems. The precise selection of vegetation types utilizes the temperature field regulation effect, wind and sand interception effect (suppressing photovoltaic dust accumulation), and carbon sequestration effect of vegetation to couple with the power generation performance of vertical photovoltaic systems, thereby achieving comprehensive performance optimization of "improved power generation efficiency, enhanced operational stability, and improved ecological benefits," while reducing system operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules provided in this application is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 1 Based on the embodiments, the method is described in detail below, and the method includes: Step S201: Obtain the environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and the structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module.

[0028] For example, environmental parameters of the installation area of ​​the vertical photovoltaic module and structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module are obtained. Optionally, environmental parameters may include: annual average temperature (°C), extreme maximum / minimum temperature (°C), annual number of sandstorm days, annual average wind speed (m / s), prevailing wind rose diagram, annual precipitation (mm), soil pH value, soil organic matter content (g / kg), annual average and monsoon dust concentration (PM10 or TSP, μg / m³), etc. Structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module include at least one of the following: installation structure, module height (m), module width, number of rows, module spacing, module orientation (azimuth angle), and height above ground, etc.

[0029] Step S202: Determine the planting parameters for vegetation based on environmental and structural parameters.

[0030] In one example, S202 includes: clustering and partitioning the installation area according to environmental parameters to generate an ecological zone type; constructing a multi-attribute decision matrix according to the ecological zone type, the structural parameters, and multiple candidate vegetations in a preset vegetation database; the multi-attribute decision matrix includes candidate vegetations and evaluation indicators of candidate vegetations; and determining the planting parameters of vegetation according to the candidate vegetations in the multi-attribute decision matrix and the evaluation indicators of each candidate vegetation.

[0031] In one example, planting parameters include vegetation species combinations and the planting area ratio of vegetation within each vegetation species combination. Based on candidate vegetation in the multi-attribute decision matrix and the evaluation indicators of each candidate vegetation, planting parameters are determined, including: determining the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the entropy weight method; determining the combined weight of each evaluation indicator based on the indicator weights and preset artificial experience weights; using temperature regulation capacity, wind and sand interception rate, and carbon sequestration as optimization objectives, a multi-objective Pareto optimization algorithm is employed to solve for the Pareto front among various candidate vegetation species combinations; and determining the planting area ratio of each vegetation species based on the preset carbon sequestration rate and preset transpiration rate of each vegetation species within the vegetation species combination.

[0032] For example, based on environmental parameters, the K-means++ algorithm is used to cluster and partition the installation area, generating ecological zone types. The installation area includes at least one ecological zone type; for example, ecological zone types include high-temperature strong wind and sand type, mild low wind and sand type, or urban heat island type, etc. For each ecological zone type, a multi-attribute decision matrix of candidate vegetation × evaluation index is constructed based on the ecological zone type, structural parameters, and multiple candidate vegetation in a preset vegetation database. Planting parameters are determined based on the candidate vegetation in the multi-attribute decision matrix and the evaluation index of each candidate vegetation. The planting parameters include vegetation species combinations and the planting area ratio of vegetation in the vegetation species combinations; the evaluation indexes are divided into: benefit-type (the higher the better): transpiration rate, carbon sequestration rate, wind speed attenuation coefficient, LAI, wind resistance coefficient, drought resistance coefficient, and barrenness resistance coefficient. Cost-type (the lower the better): maintenance cost, corrosion score, and maximum growth height / component height ratio.

[0033] Optionally, planting parameters for vegetation are determined based on the candidate vegetation in the multi-attribute decision matrix and the evaluation indicators of each candidate vegetation, including: calculating the index weight w of each evaluation indicator based on the entropy weight method. j 熵 According to the indicator weight w j 熵 and preset human experience weights w j 经验 This yields the combined weights of each evaluation indicator; for example, the combined weight w. j =αw j 熵 +(1 α)w j 经验 The default value for α is 0.6, the empirical weight for temperature is 0.3, the empirical weight for wind and sand is 0.4, and the empirical weight for carbon sequestration is 0.3, with no further limitations. Using temperature regulation capacity, wind and sand interception rate, and carbon sequestration as optimization objectives, a multi-objective Pareto optimization algorithm is employed to solve for the Pareto front vegetation species combinations among various candidate vegetation types; for example, including a preset number of vegetation species combinations. For each vegetation species combination, the recommended planting area ratio for each vegetation type is calculated based on the preset carbon sequestration rate and preset transpiration rate of each vegetation type combination; for example, the weight of each vegetation type is assigned by crowding distance, and the weighted planting area ratio of each vegetation type is calculated based on the weight of each vegetation type, the preset carbon sequestration rate, and the preset transpiration rate.

[0034] Finally, the system outputs the vegetation species combinations and the planting area ratio of each vegetation species combination. It can also output an extended set of physical parameters for each vegetation species, including canopy height H. c (m) = min(maximum growth height, component height × 0.5); canopy porosity ε = 1 Canopy coverage / 100; Leaf area index (LAI); Drag coefficient (C) d ; latent heat flux of transpiration LE (W / m²); radius of influence of root system R r (m) = 0.5 × maximum growth height (empirical formula).

[0035] Optionally, in the preset vegetation database, each candidate vegetation includes the following three types of basic parameters: (1) Basic biological parameters include: maximum growth height (m), life cycle (years), canopy coverage (%), leaf area index (LAI) (m² / m²), and leaf roughness (dimensionless, 0~1).

[0036] (2) Functional effect parameters include: transpiration rate (mmol·m - ²·s - ¹) Carbon fixation rate per unit area (g·m - ²·d - ¹), wind speed attenuation coefficient (dimensionless), wind resistance coefficient Cd (dimensionless), and latent heat flux of evaporation (W / m²).

[0037] (3) Adaptability parameters: drought resistance coefficient (0~1), barrenness resistance coefficient (0~1), maintenance cost (yuan / m² / year), corrosion resistance rating of support (1~5, the lower the better).

[0038] Optionally, based on the climate conditions, soil characteristics, wind and sand intensity of the installation area of ​​the vertical photovoltaic modules (such as deserts, urban buildings, rural roads, etc.), as well as the module height, spacing, installation structure, and orientation of the vertical photovoltaic modules, vegetation species with strong temperature regulation, wind and sand interception, carbon sequestration capabilities, and that do not affect the photovoltaic modules' light reception and growth cycle can be selected. The specific selection criteria are as follows: 1. Temperature regulation capability: Select vegetation with strong leaf transpiration and moderate canopy coverage, which can reduce the local ambient temperature through transpiration heat dissipation, while avoiding excessive canopy density that blocks the sunlight of photovoltaic modules; 2. Wind and sand interception capability: Selecting vegetation with well-developed root systems, rough leaves, and reasonable canopy structure can effectively intercept wind and sand particles in the air, reduce dust accumulation on the surface of photovoltaic modules, and at the same time, the root system can fix the soil and reduce the source of wind and sand. 3. Carbon sequestration capacity: Selecting vegetation with moderate growth rate, fast biomass accumulation and high carbon sequestration efficiency can effectively absorb carbon dioxide from the air and improve the ecological benefits of photovoltaic systems. 4. Adaptability: The vegetation growth height must match the installation height of the vertical photovoltaic modules to avoid the vegetation growing too tall and blocking the photovoltaic modules. At the same time, the growth cycle of the vegetation must be adapted to the operation cycle of the photovoltaic system, and it must be tolerant of poor soil, have strong stress resistance, and adapt to the environmental conditions of the installation area. 5. Compatibility: The vegetation will not corrode or damage the vertical photovoltaic modules, brackets and other equipment, and the planting and maintenance costs are low, making it easy to manage in the long term.

[0039] Preferably, in areas prone to sandstorms such as deserts and Gobi, drought-resistant, barren-tolerant, and wind-blown sand-blocking shrubs or herbaceous plants such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Artemisia arenaria are selected; for vertical photovoltaic scenarios such as urban building walls, climbing plants such as Ivy and Virginia creeper, or herbaceous plants such as Liriope muscari and Iris are selected; for scenarios such as rural roads and farmland edges, perennial herbaceous plants such as Bermuda grass and tall fescue are selected.

[0040] Therefore, based on the structural parameters of vertical photovoltaic systems and the environmental parameters of different installation areas, a multi-dimensional vegetation screening standard was established to screen out vegetation species that simultaneously possess temperature regulation, wind and sand interception, carbon sequestration capabilities, and strong compatibility with photovoltaic modules. This solved the problems of poor compatibility and single effect between vegetation and vertical photovoltaic systems in existing technologies, and achieved precise matching between vegetation effects and photovoltaic systems.

[0041] Step S203: Determine the planting layout parameters of the vegetation based on the planting parameters and structural parameters.

[0042] In one example, S203 includes: generating a set of layout parameters to be optimized based on planting parameters and structural parameters; using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to iteratively optimize the layout parameter set with the annual power generation, wind and sand interception rate, and carbon sequestration of the vertical photovoltaic modules as the optimization objectives and the constraint that the optical shading rate of the vegetation on the vertical photovoltaic modules is less than a preset shading threshold, generating a set of candidate layout parameters; and generating the planting layout parameters of the vegetation based on the set of candidate layout parameters.

[0043] In one example, generating vegetation planting layout parameters based on a set of candidate layout parameters includes: repeatedly performing the following steps until a preset convergence condition is met; selecting any candidate layout parameter that satisfies the constraints from the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence as the vegetation planting layout parameter; for each candidate layout parameter in the candidate layout parameter set, determining the corresponding simulation data through numerical simulation, and using the simulation data as the fitness evaluation result of the candidate layout parameter; selecting non-dominated solutions from all evaluated candidate layout parameters based on non-dominated relations to form or update the Pareto optimal solution set; and generating a new set of candidate layout parameters according to the fitness evaluation result and the Pareto optimal solution set, following a preset evolutionary strategy.

[0044] For example, a set of layout parameters to be optimized is generated based on planting and structural parameters. This set includes the windward distance, the number of interception strip rows, row spacing, plant spacing, and the mixing ratio of various vegetation types. With the annual power generation of the vertical photovoltaic modules, wind and sand interception rate, and carbon sequestration as the maximization optimization objectives, and with the constraint that the optical shading rate of the vegetation on the vertical photovoltaic modules is less than a preset shading threshold, a multi-objective optimization algorithm iteratively optimizes the layout parameter set to generate a candidate layout parameter set. This candidate layout parameter set includes multiple candidate layout parameters.

[0045] Then, for each candidate layout parameter in the candidate layout parameter set, the corresponding simulation data is calculated through numerical simulation. The simulation data includes simulated annual power generation, simulated wind and sand interception rate, simulated carbon sequestration, and simulated optical shading rate. The simulation data is used as the fitness evaluation result of the candidate layout parameter. After completing the evaluation of the candidate layout parameter set, non-dominated solutions are selected from all evaluated candidate layout parameters based on non-dominated relations to form or update the Pareto optimal solution set. Then, based on the fitness evaluation result and the Pareto optimal solution set, a new candidate layout parameter set is generated according to a preset evolutionary strategy. For each candidate layout parameter in the new candidate layout parameter set, the steps of numerical simulation and evaluation, Pareto solution set update, and new set generation are repeated until the convergence condition is met. From the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence, any candidate layout parameter that meets the constraints is selected as the planting layout parameter of the vegetation. The layout parameters include windward side distance, number of interception strip rows, row spacing, plant spacing, and mixing ratio of each vegetation type.

[0046] For example, when the convergence condition is met, the candidate layout parameter that satisfies the constraints and has the highest simulated annual power generation is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence as the solution result; or, the candidate layout parameter that satisfies the constraints and has the highest simulated wind and sand interception rate is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence as the solution result; or, the candidate layout parameter that satisfies the constraints and has the highest simulated carbon sequestration is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence as the solution result; or, the candidate layout parameter that satisfies the constraints and has the lowest simulated optical shading rate is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence as the solution result.

[0047] Optionally, based on the installation structure of the vertical photovoltaic modules (single-row vertical installation, multi-row vertical installation), module spacing, and module orientation, combined with the selected vegetation species combinations, the vegetation planting layout can be optimized to achieve the optimal coupling of the multiple effects of vegetation and photovoltaic power generation performance. The specific layout scheme is as follows: 1. Planting layout parameters for single-row vertical installation: Plant 1-2 rows of wind-blown sand interception vegetation on the windward side (direction of wind and sand flow) of the vertical photovoltaic modules to form the first wind and sand interception barrier. The planting width is 0.5-1.5m and the spacing between the vegetation is 0.3-0.8m. Plant temperature-regulating and carbon-fixing vegetation on both sides and below the vertical photovoltaic modules. The planting density is adjusted according to the type of vegetation to ensure that the vegetation canopy does not block the effective light area of ​​the photovoltaic modules, while covering the surrounding area of ​​the modules to achieve local temperature regulation and carbon fixation. 2. Planting layout parameters for multi-row vertical installation: Plant 2-3 rows of wind-blocking vegetation on the windward side of the multi-row vertical photovoltaic modules to form a concentrated wind-blocking belt, with a planting width of 1-2m; plant temperature-regulating and carbon-fixing vegetation in the gaps between adjacent rows of vertical photovoltaic modules, with the planting density adjusted according to the module spacing, ensuring that the vegetation can regulate the temperature in the gaps and reduce heat accumulation between modules, while avoiding the vegetation blocking the modules from sunlight; plant carbon-fixing vegetation under the photovoltaic modules to make full use of idle space and improve carbon sequestration efficiency; 3. Special Scenario Layouts: Vertical photovoltaic systems on urban building walls plant climbing vegetation below or on both sides of photovoltaic modules, guiding the vegetation to climb and grow along the wall, avoiding blocking sunlight from the modules. At the same time, the transpiration of the vegetation reduces the temperature of the wall and modules and intercepts dust in the air. Vertical photovoltaic systems in desert areas adopt a composite layout of "vegetation strip + photovoltaic", with vegetation strips and photovoltaic modules arranged alternately. This not only intercepts wind and sand, but also uses vegetation to regulate local temperature and improve photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0048] Preferably, the distance between the vegetation planting area and the vertical photovoltaic module is controlled at 0.3-1.0m to avoid the vegetation roots damaging the photovoltaic support foundation, while ensuring that the vegetation effect can effectively act on the photovoltaic module.

[0049] Therefore, by combining the installation structure (single row, multi row), orientation, and spacing of vertical photovoltaic modules, a targeted vegetation planting layout was designed. This not only avoids the vegetation blocking the sunlight of the photovoltaic modules, but also ensures that the three effects of vegetation can effectively act on the photovoltaic system. This solves the technical problem that the existing "photovoltaic + vegetation" model cannot be adapted to vertical photovoltaic structures, and achieves the optimal matching between vegetation layout and vertical photovoltaic structure.

[0050] Step S204: After planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, perform real-time coupled analysis on the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation to determine the control parameters; and output the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation according to the control parameters.

[0051] In one example, environmental parameters include ambient temperature, wind and sand intensity, and soil moisture; component status parameters include component surface temperature and component surface ash density; vegetation status parameters include vegetation leaf area index and vegetation coverage; S204 includes: determining the difference between component surface temperature and ambient temperature, and determining the irrigation parameters in the control parameters based on the difference and a preset irrigation range; determining the cleaning parameters in the control parameters based on component surface ash density and wind and sand intensity; determining the actual carbon sequestration amount based on vegetation leaf area index and vegetation coverage, and determining the replanting parameters in the control parameters in conjunction with the real-time power generation of the vertical photovoltaic module.

[0052] For example, after planting vegetation based on planting layout parameters, the surface temperature of the components, the ambient temperature, the surface dust density of the components, the wind and sand intensity, the leaf area index of the vegetation, the vegetation coverage rate, and the soil moisture are monitored regularly according to a preset monitoring cycle. The coupling regulation of the multiple effects of vegetation and the power generation performance of the vertical photovoltaic system is achieved through the following methods to ensure the long-term stability of the regulation effect: 1. Temperature Field Coupling Regulation: The temperature difference between the module surface and the surrounding environment is calculated. Based on this difference and a preset watering range, watering and pruning parameters are adjusted. Watering parameters refer to the amount of water given to the vegetation, ensuring the temperature difference remains within the preset range. Pruning parameters include adjusting the pruning frequency and maintenance measures. Based on these parameters, watering and pruning actions for the planted vegetation are output. Therefore, by adjusting vegetation maintenance measures (such as watering and pruning) according to the temperature change trend of the temperature difference, the temperature regulation effect of the vegetation is ensured to be stable. The transpiration heat dissipation and canopy shading effect of the vegetation are utilized to regulate the local temperature field around the vertical photovoltaic modules, reducing the module surface temperature. Specifically, during the high-temperature period in summer, the vegetation absorbs heat through transpiration, lowering the surrounding environment temperature. Simultaneously, the canopy blocks some direct sunlight, reducing the amount of solar radiation received by the modules and preventing excessive module temperature. During the low-temperature period in winter, the vegetation canopy reduces the direct impact of cold air on the modules, mitigating sudden temperature drops and reducing the impact of low temperatures on module power generation efficiency.

[0053] 2. Wind and Sand Dust Coupling Control: Based on the dust density on the module surface and the intensity of wind and sand, cleaning and pruning parameters are determined in the control parameters. Based on these parameters, cleaning and pruning actions for the planted vegetation are output, ensuring that the wind and sand interception effect of the vegetation effectively suppresses dust accumulation. When the dust density on the module surface exceeds a preset threshold, a low-cost cleaning method (such as natural rainfall or auxiliary cleaning) is used, combined with the vegetation's interception effect, to reduce dust accumulation and lower cleaning costs. Therefore, by utilizing the wind and sand interception effect of vegetation, the accumulation of wind and sand particles on the surface of vertical photovoltaic modules is reduced at the source, minimizing the impact of dust accumulation on power generation efficiency. The vegetation canopy can intercept wind and sand particles in the air, the root system fixes the soil, reducing windblown sand, and the vegetation surface can absorb some dust, reducing dust settling on the photovoltaic module surface.

[0054] 3. Coupling Regulation of Carbon Sequestration and Power Generation: While ensuring the power generation performance of the vertical photovoltaic system, the carbon sequestration effect of vegetation is utilized to enhance the system's ecological benefits, achieving synergistic development of "power generation + carbon sequestration." Specifically, based on the vegetation's growth status (biomass, leaf area index, and vegetation cover), the actual carbon sequestration amount is calculated. This actual carbon sequestration amount is then combined with the real-time power generation of the vertical photovoltaic modules to determine the replanting parameters in the regulation parameters. Replanting actions are then output based on these parameters, and the planting layout and maintenance measures of the vegetation are optimized to maximize carbon sequestration benefits without affecting power generation efficiency. Replanting actions include adjusting the number or density of replanted vegetation. Simultaneously, vegetation growth can improve the surrounding ecological environment, reduce the impact of wind, sand, and dust on the photovoltaic system, and further enhance the operational stability of the photovoltaic system.

[0055] 4. Dynamic Control and Maintenance: A monitoring system for the performance of vertical photovoltaic (PV) systems and the effects of vegetation can be established. Based on this system, monitoring data is collected regularly, including the power generation efficiency of the vertical PV modules, module surface temperature, surface dust density, and vegetation growth status (leaf area index, vegetation coverage, etc.), soil moisture, temperature regulation effect, wind and sand interception effect, and carbon sequestration. A database is built based on this monitoring data. The planting layout and maintenance measures (such as watering, fertilization, pruning, and replanting) are dynamically adjusted according to the data. The database records are used to dynamically adjust these measures to ensure that the above-mentioned adjustments to the vegetation and the power generation performance of the vertical PV modules are always optimally coupled. Simultaneously, withered vegetation is promptly removed to avoid affecting the operation of the PV system. For example, preset actuators can be controlled to perform maintenance actions, or action reminders can be sent to user terminals to remind users to perform maintenance actions.

[0056] Step S205: Determine the power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators; based on the power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators, determine the comprehensive performance index of the planted vegetation; adjust the control parameters according to the comprehensive performance index.

[0057] For example, an evaluation index system for the control effect is established, including power generation performance indicators (module power generation efficiency, system power generation, power generation stability, etc.), vegetation effect indicators (temperature regulation range, wind and sand interception rate, dust accumulation inhibition rate, carbon sequestration, etc.), and economic indicators (operation and maintenance costs, return on investment, etc.). Power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators are calculated regularly, and a comprehensive performance index of planted vegetation is calculated based on these indicators. The comprehensive performance index is used to evaluate the control effect, and control parameters are optimized based on the comprehensive performance index to ensure the continuous improvement of the comprehensive performance of the vertical photovoltaic system.

[0058] Therefore, a dynamic coupling regulation mechanism between vegetation multi-effects and vertical photovoltaic power generation performance was established. By regularly monitoring the performance of the photovoltaic system and vegetation effects, and dynamically adjusting the vegetation planting layout and maintenance measures, the long-term stable performance of the synergistic effect of multiple effects was achieved, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot achieve synergistic regulation of multiple effects and the regulation effect is unstable.

[0059] The method provided in this application embodiment obtains environmental parameters of the installation area of ​​the vertical photovoltaic module and structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module. Based on the environmental and structural parameters, planting parameters for vegetation are determined. Based on the planting and structural parameters, planting layout parameters for the vegetation are determined. After planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, the monitored environmental parameters, the module status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation are coupled and analyzed in real time to determine control parameters; based on the control parameters, maintenance actions for the planted vegetation are output. Power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators are determined; based on the power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators, a comprehensive performance index for the planted vegetation is determined; based on the comprehensive performance index, the control parameters are adjusted. This solution overcomes the limitations of single-performance optimization in existing vertical photovoltaic systems by rationally selecting vegetation types, optimizing vegetation planting layout, and implementing real-time monitoring. It achieves synergistic coupling between the multiple effects of vegetation and the power generation performance of vertical photovoltaic systems. The precise selection of vegetation types utilizes the temperature field regulation effect, wind and sand interception effect (suppressing photovoltaic dust accumulation), and carbon sequestration effect of vegetation to couple with the power generation performance of vertical photovoltaic systems, thereby achieving comprehensive performance optimization of "improved power generation efficiency, enhanced operational stability, and improved ecological benefits," while reducing system operation and maintenance costs.

[0060] In one embodiment, to further illustrate the technical effects of this application, the following detailed description of this application is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments. This embodiment is only used to explain this application and does not limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0061] Example 1: Vegetation Multi-Effect Coupling Regulation of Vertical Photovoltaic Systems in Desert Areas 1.1 Implementation Scenario: A vertical photovoltaic power station is installed in a desert area. The area has an arid climate and frequent sandstorms. The average annual temperature is 15℃, and the highest temperature in summer can reach 40℃. There are ≥80 sandstorm days per year. The vertical photovoltaic modules are installed in multiple rows vertically. The module height is 3m, the spacing between adjacent modules is 2m, and the modules are oriented north-south. It is mainly used for photovoltaic power generation and sandstorm control in desert areas.

[0062] 1.2 Vegetation species selection: Based on the environmental conditions of the area, three vegetation species were selected: Haloxylon ammodendron (wind and sand interception type, carbon fixation type), Hippophae rhamnoides (wind and sand interception type, temperature regulation type, carbon fixation type), and Artemisia argyi (wind and sand interception type, drought resistant type). All of them have the characteristics of being tolerant to barren soil, drought resistant, strong wind and sand interception ability, and high carbon fixation efficiency. Moreover, their growth height is controlled below 1.5m, so they will not block the sunlight of the vertical photovoltaic modules.

[0063] 1.3 Optimization of Vegetation Planting Layout: A multi-row vertical photovoltaic module layout scheme is adopted. Two rows of sea buckthorn are planted on the windward side (northwest wind direction) of the photovoltaic power station to form a wind and sand interception zone with a planting width of 1.5m and a spacing of 0.5m between the sea buckthorns. Haloxylon ammodendron is planted in the gaps between adjacent rows of vertical photovoltaic modules at a planting density of 2 plants per square meter to ensure that the Haloxylon ammodendron will not block the light of the modules after it grows, while also regulating the temperature in the gaps. Artemisia argyi is planted under the photovoltaic modules at a planting density of 3 plants per square meter to make full use of idle space and improve carbon sequestration efficiency. The distance between the vegetation planting area and the photovoltaic modules is controlled at 0.5m to avoid the roots from damaging the support foundation.

[0064] 1.4 Implementation of multi-effect coupled regulation: (1) Temperature field coupling regulation: During the high-temperature period in summer, sea buckthorn, saxaul and sand wormwood absorb heat through transpiration, reducing the ambient temperature around the module. At the same time, the canopy blocks some direct sunlight, reducing the rise in the surface temperature of the module. The surface temperature of the module and the ambient temperature are monitored regularly, once every 7 days. When the surface temperature of the module exceeds 65℃, the vegetation is watered appropriately to enhance the transpiration heat dissipation effect and ensure that the surface temperature of the module is controlled below 60℃. During the low-temperature period in winter, the vegetation canopy reduces the blowing of cold air, alleviates the sudden drop in module temperature, and reduces the impact of low temperature on power generation efficiency.

[0065] (2) Coupling regulation of wind and sand dust accumulation: During the wind and sand season (March-May and September-November each year), the canopies of sea buckthorn and saxaul intercept wind and sand particles in the air, and wormwood absorbs some dust, reducing dust settling on the surface of photovoltaic modules; the dust accumulation density on the module surface is monitored every 15 days. When the dust accumulation density exceeds 8g / m², natural rainfall is used to assist in cleaning, and the vegetation canopy is pruned at the same time to ensure the wind and sand interception effect; during the non-wind and sand season, the dust accumulation density is monitored every 30 days. No manual cleaning is required, and the dust accumulation density can be controlled below 5g / m² simply by vegetation interception.

[0066] (3) Coupling regulation of carbon sequestration and power generation: The vegetation growth status is monitored once a quarter, the biomass of Haloxylon ammodendron, Hippophae rhamnoides and Artemisia argyi is measured, and the carbon sequestration is calculated; at the same time, the power generation and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system are monitored. Based on the monitoring data, the vegetation is replanted and pruned once a year to optimize the planting layout and ensure that the carbon sequestration benefits are improved without affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0067] (4) Dynamic regulation and maintenance: The vegetation is maintained once a month, including watering, weeding and replanting withered vegetation; the regulation effect is evaluated every six months, and the planting density and maintenance measures are adjusted according to the evaluation results.

[0068] 1.5 Implementation Results: After one year of regulation, the average surface temperature of the vertical photovoltaic system's modules decreased by 8°C compared to before regulation, the module power generation efficiency increased by 12%, and the system's annual power generation increased by 10%; the average dust density on the module surface decreased by 60%, and the wind and sand interception rate reached 75%; the annual carbon sequestration of vegetation reached 200 kg / mu, realizing the coordinated development of photovoltaic power generation with wind and sand control and carbon sequestration, and reducing operation and maintenance costs by 30% compared to traditional methods.

[0069] Example 2: Coupling and Regulation of Multiple Effects of Vegetation in Vertical Photovoltaic Systems on Urban Building Walls 2.1 Implementation Scenario: A vertical photovoltaic system is installed on the wall of an office building in a certain city. The area has a subtropical monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 20℃. Summers are hot and rainy, while winters are mild and humid. The vertical photovoltaic modules are installed on the south wall of the office building in a single row, with a module height of 4m and a module spacing of 1.5m. The system is mainly used for power supply to the office building, while also taking into account building energy conservation and ecological aesthetics.

[0070] 2.2 Selection of vegetation species: Based on the environmental conditions and characteristics of the building walls in the area, two vegetation species were selected: ivy (climbing, temperature-regulating, and carbon-fixing) and liriope (herbaceous, temperature-regulating, and carbon-fixing). Ivy climbs and does not block the sunlight from the photovoltaic modules. It has strong transpiration and can reduce the temperature of the wall and modules. It also has a certain dust adsorption capacity. Liriope is shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant, grows slowly, and has high carbon fixation efficiency. It is suitable for planting below the wall and in the gaps between the modules.

[0071] 2.3 Optimization of vegetation planting layout: A single-row vertical photovoltaic module layout scheme is adopted. Liriope muscari is planted below the vertical photovoltaic modules with a planting width of 1m and a spacing of 0.2m. Ivy is planted on both sides of the modules to guide the ivy to climb along the wall and control the growth height of the ivy to not exceed the top of the module to avoid blocking the module's sunlight. The distance between the vegetation planting area and the photovoltaic modules is controlled at 0.3m to avoid damage to the wall and photovoltaic support.

[0072] 2.4 Implementation of multi-effect coupled regulation: (1) Temperature field coupling regulation: During the high-temperature period in summer, ivy reduces the wall temperature through transpiration, thereby reducing the surface temperature of photovoltaic modules. The canopy of lilyturf blocks ground radiation and reduces the temperature rise of the surrounding environment of the modules. The surface temperature of the modules and the wall temperature are monitored every 5 days. When the surface temperature of the modules exceeds 60℃, ivy and lilyturf are watered to enhance the temperature regulation effect and ensure that the surface temperature of the modules is controlled below 55℃. In winter, the leaves of ivy can reduce the cold air blowing on the wall, alleviate the temperature drop of the modules, and improve the stability of power generation.

[0073] (2) Coupling control of wind and sand dust accumulation: There is a lot of dust in the urban environment. The leaves of ivy can absorb dust in the air, and the canopy of lilyturf can intercept ground dust, reducing dust settling on the surface of photovoltaic modules. The dust accumulation density on the surface of the modules is monitored every 10 days. When the dust accumulation density exceeds 5g / m², rainwater is used to clean the modules. Combined with the adsorption effect of vegetation, the dust accumulation density is controlled below 3g / m², and no manual cleaning is required.

[0074] (3) Coupling regulation of carbon sequestration and power generation: The growth of ivy and lilyturf is monitored once a quarter to calculate the amount of carbon sequestration; at the same time, the power generation of the photovoltaic system is monitored. Based on the monitoring data, ivy is pruned once every six months to control its growth height, and lilyturf is replanted once to ensure that carbon sequestration benefits and power generation efficiency are improved in synergy.

[0075] (4) Dynamic regulation and maintenance: The vegetation is maintained once a month, including watering, pruning and weeding; the regulation effect is evaluated once a quarter, and the maintenance measures are adjusted according to the evaluation results.

[0076] 2.5 Implementation Results: After 8 months of regulation, the average surface temperature of the vertical photovoltaic system's modules decreased by 6°C compared to before regulation, the module power generation efficiency increased by 8%, and the system's monthly power generation increased by 7%. The average dust density on the module surface decreased by 50%, and the dust adsorption rate reached 65%. The annual carbon sequestration of vegetation reached 150 kg / mu. This not only improved the power generation performance of the photovoltaic system but also beautified the building environment, achieving a synergy between building energy conservation and ecological benefits.

[0077] Therefore, the regulation method of this application, targeting the structural parameters of vertical photovoltaic systems, utilizes three natural effects of vegetation to synergistically couple with photovoltaic power generation performance, achieving comprehensive performance optimization and solving the core pain points of vertical photovoltaic systems. Compared with existing technologies, this application has the following significant advantages: 1. Multi-effect coupling regulation mechanism: Establish a coupling regulation mechanism for vegetation temperature field regulation, wind and sand interception (ash accumulation suppression), carbon fixation effect and vertical photovoltaic power generation performance. Through dynamic monitoring and dynamic adjustment, achieve multi-effect synergy and solve the core pain points of vertical photovoltaic system such as excessive temperature, serious ash accumulation and insufficient ecological benefits.

[0078] 2. Low-cost and easy-to-maintain control mode: The mode adopts natural vegetation control as the main method and artificial maintenance as a supplement. The vegetation intercepts wind and sand and absorbs dust, reducing the frequency of photovoltaic module cleaning and lowering cleaning costs. No complex equipment investment is required, which is convenient for long-term promotion and application. At the same time, combined with natural conditions such as natural rainfall, the cleaning cost of photovoltaic modules is reduced. Meanwhile, the cost of vegetation maintenance is far lower than that of traditional active heat dissipation and mechanical cleaning methods, reducing operation and maintenance costs by more than 30%.

[0079] 3. Significantly improved power generation performance: By reducing the surface temperature of the modules through the temperature regulation effect of vegetation and suppressing dust accumulation on the modules through the wind and sand interception effect, the power generation efficiency of vertical photovoltaic modules is increased by 8%-12% and the power generation of the system is increased by 7%-10%, while reducing module aging and extending service life. 4. Outstanding ecological benefits: Through the carbon sequestration effect of vegetation, the photovoltaic system and the ecological environment can be developed in a coordinated manner. The annual carbon sequestration of vegetation can reach 150-200 kg / mu. At the same time, it can intercept wind and sand, purify the air, and beautify the environment. It is especially suitable for different scenarios such as deserts and cities, achieving a win-win situation for economic and ecological benefits. 5. Strong adaptability: The control method of this application can flexibly adjust the vegetation type and planting layout according to the environmental parameters of different installation areas and the structural parameters of vertical photovoltaic modules, and is suitable for various scenarios such as deserts, urban buildings, and rural roads, thus solving the problem of poor adaptability of existing technologies.

[0080] Corresponding to the above method, embodiments of this application also provide a vegetation coupling control device based on photovoltaic modules, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the device includes: The acquisition module 41 is used to acquire the environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and the structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; and to determine the planting parameters of the vegetation based on the environmental parameters and structural parameters. The determination module 42 is used to determine the planting layout parameters of the vegetation based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters; The control module 43 is used to perform real-time coupled analysis on the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation after planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, to determine the control parameters; and to output the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation according to the control parameters.

[0081] The functions of each functional unit in the vegetation coupling control device based on photovoltaic modules provided in the above embodiments of this application can be realized through the above-described method steps. Therefore, the specific working process and beneficial effects of each unit in the vegetation coupling control device based on photovoltaic modules provided in the embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0082] This application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other through the communication bus 540.

[0083] Memory 530 is used to store computer programs; The processor 510 performs the above steps when executing the program stored in the memory 530.

[0084] The communication bus mentioned above can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0085] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic devices and other devices.

[0086] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0087] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), etc.; they can also be digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0088] The implementation methods and beneficial effects of the various components of the electronic device in the above embodiments for solving the problem can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 The steps in the illustrated embodiments are used to implement the electronic device. Therefore, the specific working process and beneficial effects of the electronic device provided in this application will not be repeated here.

[0089] In another embodiment provided in this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the above embodiments of the vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules.

[0090] In another embodiment provided in this application, a computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the above embodiments of vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments in this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments in this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the embodiments in this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0092] This application describes embodiments of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0093] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0094] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0095] Although preferred embodiments have been described in this application, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0096] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims in this application and their equivalents, then this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A vegetation coupling control method based on photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, include: Obtain environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; determine planting parameters for vegetation based on the environmental parameters and the structural parameters; Based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters, the planting layout parameters of the vegetation are determined; After planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation are coupled and analyzed in real time to determine the control parameters; based on the control parameters, the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation are output.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned environmental and structural parameters, the planting parameters for vegetation are determined, including: Based on the environmental parameters, the installation area is clustered and partitioned to generate an ecological zone type; A multi-attribute decision matrix is ​​constructed based on the ecological zone type, the structural parameters, and multiple candidate vegetations in a preset vegetation database; the multi-attribute decision matrix includes candidate vegetations and evaluation indicators of the candidate vegetations. Planting parameters for the vegetation are determined based on the candidate vegetation in the multi-attribute decision matrix and the evaluation indicators of each candidate vegetation.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The planting parameters include the combination of vegetation species and the proportion of the planting area of ​​the vegetation species in the combination of vegetation species. Based on the candidate vegetation in the multi-attribute decision matrix and the evaluation indicators of each candidate vegetation, the planting parameters of the vegetation are determined, including: The weights of each evaluation indicator are determined based on the entropy weight method. The combined weights of each evaluation indicator are determined based on the indicator weights and the preset human experience weights. With temperature regulation capacity, wind and sand interception rate and carbon sequestration as optimization objectives, a multi-objective Pareto optimization algorithm was used to solve the Pareto front combination of vegetation species among a variety of candidate vegetation. The planting area ratio of each vegetation type is determined based on the preset carbon sequestration rate and preset transpiration rate of each vegetation type combination.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters, the planting layout parameters of the vegetation are determined, including: Based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters, a set of layout parameters to be optimized is generated; With the annual power generation, wind and sand interception rate, and carbon sequestration of the vertical photovoltaic module as the optimization objectives and the optical shading rate of the vegetation on the vertical photovoltaic module being less than a preset shading threshold as the constraint, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the layout parameter set to generate a candidate layout parameter set. Based on the set of candidate layout parameters, planting layout parameters for vegetation are generated.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the candidate layout parameter set, planting layout parameters for vegetation are generated, including: Repeat the following steps until the preset convergence condition is met, then select any candidate layout parameter that satisfies the constraints from the Pareto optimal solution set obtained after convergence as the planting layout parameter for the vegetation: For each candidate layout parameter in the candidate layout parameter set, the corresponding simulation data is determined through numerical simulation, and the simulation data is used as the fitness evaluation result of the candidate layout parameter. Based on the non-dominated relations, non-dominated solutions are selected from all the candidate layout parameters that have been evaluated to form or update the Pareto optimal solution set; Based on the fitness evaluation results and the Pareto optimal solution set, a new set of candidate layout parameters is generated according to a preset evolutionary strategy.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental parameters include ambient temperature, wind and sand intensity, and soil moisture; the component status parameters include component surface temperature and component surface dust density; the vegetation status parameters include vegetation leaf area index and vegetation coverage. After planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, the monitored environmental parameters, the module status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation are coupled and analyzed in real time to determine the control parameters, including: Determine the difference between the surface temperature of the component and the ambient temperature, and determine the watering parameters in the control parameters based on the difference and the preset watering volume range; The cleaning parameters in the control parameters are determined based on the surface dust density of the component and the wind and sand intensity. The actual carbon sequestration is determined based on the vegetation leaf area index and the vegetation coverage rate; the replanting parameters in the control parameters are determined based on the actual carbon sequestration and the real-time power generation of the vertical photovoltaic modules.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators; based on the power generation performance indicators, vegetation effect indicators, and economic indicators, determine the comprehensive performance index of the planted vegetation; The control parameters are adjusted based on the comprehensive performance index.

8. A vegetation coupling control device based on photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire environmental parameters of the installation area where the vertical photovoltaic module is located and the structural parameters of the vertical photovoltaic module; and to determine the planting parameters of the vegetation based on the environmental parameters and the structural parameters. The determination module is used to determine the planting layout parameters of the vegetation based on the planting parameters and the structural parameters; The control module is used to perform real-time coupled analysis on the monitored environmental parameters, the component status parameters of the vertical photovoltaic modules, and the vegetation status parameters of the planted vegetation after planting vegetation based on the planting layout parameters, to determine the control parameters; and to output the maintenance actions of the planted vegetation according to the control parameters.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images