Straightener essential oil release control method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hair styling equipment, and discloses a straightening iron essential oil release control method and system, which comprises the following steps: a micro-control module reads deposition parameters, a heat flow distribution module preheats essential oil and calculates a direct current high voltage parameter; when the straightening iron clamps hair and slides, a sensing signal is received to calculate a real-time clamping force parameter and an instantaneous sliding speed, and an instantaneous target flow rate is calculated; the instantaneous target flow rate is converted into a high voltage electric field instruction, a direct current high voltage parameter is combined to drive a fluid dynamics execution module to apply a transient working voltage to a capillary array, and the essential oil is driven to deposit onto the hair; when the clamping force or the sliding speed is lower than a threshold value, the voltage is removed and the essential oil is controlled to retract. The present application realizes dynamic adjustment of the essential oil release amount based on the user operation state, avoids uneven coating, prevents essential oil from dripping under the stagnant working condition through an active retraction mechanism, reduces the driving voltage threshold value at the same time, ensures stability of a Taylor cone mode, and improves working reliability of the equipment under different ambient temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hair styling equipment technology, specifically to a method and system for controlling the release of essential oils in a hair straightener. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of personal care devices, hair straighteners with essential oil release functions have been introduced to the market. These straighteners can deliver hair care essential oils to the hair surface while clamping and heating the hair for styling. However, existing hair straightener essential oil release control technology has shortcomings in practical use.

[0003] Existing hair straighteners typically use a constant or mechanically set oil release rate. However, in actual use, the user's clamping force and the straightener's sliding speed are constantly changing. A fixed oil release rate cannot match the user's actual operating conditions, easily leading to excessive oil deposition in certain areas of the hair or uneven coating overall.

[0004] Furthermore, when users briefly pause or release the hair straightener to leave it in an open, non-working state, residual liquid often remains in the dispensing tube and port. Due to the lack of timely negative feedback intervention and active retraction mechanism, essential oils are prone to overflow and leakage when the equipment is idle.

[0005] Meanwhile, the physical properties of essential oils, such as surface tension and viscosity, change with ambient temperature. Existing equipment lacks a mechanism for preheating essential oils and adaptively adjusting driving parameters based on the rheological state of the essential oils. This results in a high driving voltage threshold required for atomizing the essential oils, making it difficult to maintain a stable Taylor cone shape at the outlet, and reducing the reliability of the equipment under different ambient temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for controlling the release of essential oils from hair straighteners. This solves the problems in existing technologies where the release amount of essential oils from hair straighteners cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the user's actual operating conditions, resulting in uneven oil deposition and easy dripping under stagnant conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener, comprising the following steps: The microcontroller module reads the target deposition density parameters input by the flow release regulation module, and the heat flow distribution module performs subphase change preheating on the essential oil; The microcontroller module acquires the ambient temperature of the preheated essential oil and calculates the DC high voltage parameters required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone. The microcontroller module receives the deformation voltage signal and capacitance disturbance signal output by the electromechanical sensing module, and calculates the real-time clamping force parameter and instantaneous sliding speed respectively. The microcontroller module calculates the instantaneous target flow rate based on real-time clamping force parameters, instantaneous slip velocity, and targeted deposition density parameters; The microcontroller module converts the instantaneous target flow rate into a high-voltage electric field command. Combined with the DC high-voltage parametric drive electrodynamics execution module, it applies a dynamically modulated transient working voltage to the liquid outlet capillary array, driving the essential oil to form charged microdroplets at the port of the liquid outlet capillary array and deposit them onto the surface of the hair. When the microcontroller module determines that the real-time clamping force parameter is not higher than the no-load clamping force reference threshold, or the instantaneous sliding speed is lower than the stagnation judgment speed threshold, it triggers a cutoff command to remove the transient working voltage and controls the essential oil retraction at the outlet capillary array port.

[0008] By acquiring electromechanical signals for multivariable control, the system obtains the clamping force and sliding speed of the hair straightener during use, maps these physical parameters to the target flow rate requirement of essential oil, and combines electrohydrodynamic technology to control the Taylor cone shape and jet state of the essential oil at the outlet capillary array port by superimposing DC high voltage parameters and transient working voltage, thereby adjusting the amount of essential oil deposited. At the same time, when the system detects that the user stops sliding or releases the hair straightener, it establishes a net retraction anchoring pressure of gravity and capillary constraint by physically releasing static charge, driving the essential oil to retract into the cavity and preventing essential oil overflow and leakage.

[0009] Preferably, the steps of the microcontroller module in calculating the DC high-voltage parameters required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone specifically include: obtaining the dynamic surface tension coefficient of the essential oil at the current ambient temperature based on the preset standard reference temperature and the surface tension temperature coefficient of the essential oil; calculating the surface tension constraint factor of the essential oil based on the dynamic surface tension coefficient and the inner diameter of the effluent capillary of the effluent capillary array, and obtaining the electrostatic stress reference term required to overcome the capillary contraction pressure of the essential oil by combining the ratio of the surface tension constraint factor to twice the vacuum dielectric constant; and calculating the DC high-voltage parameters that match the real-time rheological state of the essential oil based on the electrostatic stress reference term and the electrostatic field geometric enhancement factor.

[0010] Preferably, the step of the microcontroller module receiving the capacitance disturbance signal output by the electromechanical sensing module to calculate the instantaneous slip velocity specifically includes: acquiring the capacitance disturbance signal during the straightener's sliding process through the comb-shaped capacitance sensor array of the electromechanical sensing module; discretizing the capacitance disturbance signal within a continuous time window using a fast Fourier transform algorithm to convert the capacitance disturbance signal into a frequency domain spectrum sequence; searching for the dominant amplitude in the frequency domain spectrum sequence and extracting the frequency component corresponding to the dominant amplitude as the fundamental frequency; multiplying the fixed spatial period length of the comb-shaped capacitance sensor array by the fundamental frequency to calculate the instantaneous slip velocity.

[0011] Preferably, the step of the microcontroller module calculating the instantaneous target flow rate based on the real-time clamping force parameter, instantaneous slip velocity, and targeted deposition density parameter specifically includes: aligning the continuously acquired real-time clamping force parameter and instantaneous slip velocity with timestamps using a zero-order hold or linear interpolation algorithm; multiplying the aligned real-time clamping force parameter by the instantaneous slip velocity to obtain the real-time kinetic characterization combination parameter; and multiplying the real-time kinetic characterization combination parameter, the targeted deposition density parameter, and a preset flow control conversion and dimensionless constant to generate the instantaneous target flow rate.

[0012] Preferably, the step of generating the dynamically modulated transient operating voltage specifically includes: calculating the dynamic viscosity parameter of the essential oil under the current thermodynamic state based on the ambient temperature of the essential oil; multiplying the instantaneous target flow rate by the dynamic viscosity parameter to obtain the flow resistance characterization term; multiplying the preset high-voltage modulation gain coefficient by the flow resistance characterization term to obtain the high-voltage drive compensation term, and superimposing the DC high-voltage parameter and the high-voltage drive compensation term to generate the transient operating voltage; if the generated transient operating voltage exceeds the preset arc breakdown upper limit voltage threshold, then the transient operating voltage is forcibly clamped to the arc breakdown upper limit voltage threshold.

[0013] Preferably, before triggering the cutoff instruction, the microcontroller module further includes determining the physical stagnation condition based on the sliding time window integral model: performing time-domain smoothing on multiple instantaneous sliding speeds within the time window length of the sliding time window integral model to obtain the equivalent smoothed sliding speed; comparing the equivalent smoothed sliding speed with a preset stagnation determination speed threshold; if the equivalent smoothed sliding speed is lower than the stagnation determination speed threshold, then determining that the straightener has entered the stagnation condition and flipping the status register to the interception and suspension bit.

[0014] Preferably, the steps of triggering the cutoff command to remove the transient working voltage and controlling the retraction of essential oil at the port of the effluent capillary array specifically include: sending a hardware cutoff command to the high-voltage drive link, simultaneously closing the fast discharge switch between the DC high-voltage generator output terminal of the electrohydrodynamics execution module and the system grounding point, and guiding the polarization charge at the tip of the effluent capillary array to ground potential; obtaining the dynamic surface tension coefficient of the essential oil under the current thermodynamic state, calculating the capillary constraint negative pressure term formed by the dynamic surface tension coefficient and the inner diameter of the effluent capillary of the effluent capillary array, and the gravity osmotic pressure difference term formed by gravity; and driving the residual essential oil at the port of the effluent capillary array to retract into the lumen based on the positive net retraction anchoring pressure formed by the capillary constraint negative pressure term and the gravity osmotic pressure difference term.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides an essential oil release control system for a hair straightener, comprising: The hair straightener body includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate, and a heating panel. The hair straightener body has an essential oil reservoir and an array of liquid outlet capillaries inside. The heat distribution module, located inside the upper pressure plate, is used to conduct heat and preheat the essential oil in the essential oil storage chamber and the outlet capillary array. The flow release adjustment module is located on the side of the lower pressure plate and includes a rotary dial for inputting the targeted deposition density parameter; The electromechanical sensing module includes a micro strain gauge built into the hinge of the lower pressure plate and a comb-shaped capacitive sensor array distributed on the edge of the heating panel; The electrohydrodynamics execution module includes a DC high-voltage generator, the anode of which is connected to an outlet capillary array; The microcontroller module is electrically connected to the heat flow distribution module, the flow release regulation module, the electromechanical sensing module, and the electro-hydraulic dynamics execution module, respectively, and is used to execute the essential oil release control of the hair straightener.

[0016] Signal acquisition and execution control are achieved through the layout and coordination of hardware modules. The sensor used to measure clamping stress is placed in the hinge area, and the array of capacitive sensors used to extract slip characteristics is attached to the edge of the heating panel. This reduces cross interference when extracting multidimensional signals from a single sensor. The heat flow distribution module works in conjunction with the electrodynamics execution module to reduce the high-pressure drive threshold of essential oils while meeting real-time control requirements and improving the accuracy of essential oil release control.

[0017] Preferably, the heat flow distribution module includes a directional heat-conducting bridge and a multi-position push button; the directional heat-conducting bridge includes a fixed heat-conducting base covering the outer wall of the essential oil reservoir and the outlet capillary array, and a movable heat flow slider sandwiched between the back side of the heating panel and the fixed heat-conducting base; the movable heat flow slider has a stepped or gradually sloping surface on the side facing the heating panel, and the multi-position push button is mechanically connected to the movable heat flow slider to drive the movable heat flow slider to slide along the back side of the heating panel, thereby changing the contact area between the movable heat flow slider and the heating panel.

[0018] Preferably, the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array is composed of multiple sets of alternating parallel miniature metal plates, with a fixed spatial period length between adjacent sets of metal plates of the same polarity; the surface of the miniature metal plates is covered with an insulating dielectric protective layer, which is used to generate a periodically fluctuating capacitive disturbance signal with the relative movement of the hair when the straightener body is closed and the hair is clamped and slid.

[0019] This invention provides a method and system for controlling the release of essential oils in a hair straightener. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This invention uses an electromechanical sensing module to collect the clamping force parameters and sliding speed of the hair straightener in real time, and calculates the instantaneous target flow rate by combining the target deposition density parameters. The flow rate is then converted into a dynamically modulated transient working voltage and applied to the liquid outlet capillary array. This allows the amount of essential oil released to be dynamically adjusted according to the user's actual clamping force and sliding speed, avoiding the problem of excessive local deposition or uneven coating of essential oil caused by a fixed release amount.

[0021] 2. This invention introduces a stagnation condition judgment and negative feedback intervention mechanism. When the microcontroller determines that the clamping force is not higher than the no-load threshold or the sliding speed is lower than the stagnation threshold, it triggers a cutoff command and closes the fast release switch. When the hair straightener stops sliding or is in the open state, it can quickly remove the high-voltage electric field and use capillary constraint and gravity pressure difference to drive the essential oil to retract into the cavity, preventing the essential oil from overflowing and dripping when it is not in operation.

[0022] 3. This invention utilizes a heat flow distribution module to preheat essential oils through a subphase change process, and calculates dynamic surface tension coefficients and dynamic viscosity parameters in real time based on the ambient temperature of the essential oils. This generates DC high-voltage parameters that match the current rheological state, reducing the driving voltage threshold required for the electrohydrodynamics execution module to atomize the essential oils. This ensures the stability of the Taylor cone shape at the outlet capillary port and improves the reliability of the system under different operating environments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system functional architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method operation flow according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hair straightener according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the slip velocity and deposition density distribution characteristics of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the physical effect verification of anti-drip under stagnant working conditions in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram comparing the overall yield effect over a long period of time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Lower pressure plate; 2. Upper pressure plate; 3. Heating panel; 4. Rotary dial; 5. Multi-position push button. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 The present invention provides an essential oil release control system for a hair straightener, comprising: a heat flow distribution module, an electromechanical sensing module, a flow release adjustment module, an electro-hydrodynamic execution module, and a microcontroller module.

[0027] The hair straightener body includes an upper pressure plate 2 and a lower pressure plate 1. A heat distribution module is located inside the upper pressure plate 2, and includes a directional heat bridge and a multi-position push button 5. The directional heat bridge connects the back of the heating panel 3 to the essential oil reservoir and the outlet capillary array. The multi-position push button 5 is located on the back of the upper pressure plate 2. The multi-position push button 5 is mechanically connected to the directional heat bridge and is used to adjust the physical contact area between the directional heat bridge and the heating panel 3.

[0028] The flow release adjustment module includes a rotary dial 4 located on the side of the lower pressure plate 1. The rotary dial 4 is electrically connected to the microcontroller module for inputting targeted deposition density parameters.

[0029] The electromechanical sensing module includes micro strain gauges and a comb-shaped capacitive sensor array. The micro strain gauges are integrated into the hinge of the lower pressure plate 1 and are electrically connected to the microcontroller module to collect deformation voltage signals when the straightener is closed. The comb-shaped capacitive sensor array is distributed along the edge of the heating panel 3 and is electrically connected to the microcontroller module to collect capacitive disturbance signals during the sliding process of the heating panel 3.

[0030] The electrohydrodynamic actuator module, including a DC high-voltage generator, is located inside the direct current generator. The anode of the DC high-voltage generator is connected to the aforementioned liquid outlet capillary array, and the cathode is grounded or forms an electrical circuit with the lower pressure plate 1. The control terminal of the DC high-voltage generator is connected to a microcontroller module.

[0031] See attached document Figure 2 This invention provides a method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener. This method operates based on the aforementioned system architecture and includes the following steps:

[0032] The system starts and enters the parameter initialization phase. The user operates the multi-position push knob 5 to change the physical contact area of ​​the directional heat-conducting bridge. The heating panel 3 transfers heat to the essential oil in the liquid-dispensing capillary array, performing subphase change preheating. The microcontroller module reads the targeted deposition density parameter input by the rotary dial 4.

[0033] The microcontroller module acquires the ambient temperature of the preheated essential oil and calculates the DC high voltage parameters required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone.

[0034] The hair straightener closes and clamps the hair as it slides. The electromechanical sensing module continues to operate. The microcontroller receives the deformation voltage signal output from the micro strain gauge to calculate the clamping force parameters, and receives the capacitance perturbation signal output from the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array to calculate the instantaneous sliding speed.

[0035] The microcontroller module calculates the instantaneous target flow rate based on the clamping force parameter, instantaneous slip velocity, and targeted deposition density parameter. The microcontroller module converts the instantaneous target flow rate into a high-voltage electric field command, driving the electrohydrodynamics execution module to apply a dynamically modulated transient operating voltage to the outflow capillary array. Essential oil forms positively charged droplets at the outlet capillary array port and deposits onto the surface of the external hair strands.

[0036] The microcontroller module continuously polls the clamping force parameter and instantaneous sliding speed. When the clamping force parameter falls below a preset force threshold or the instantaneous sliding speed drops to zero, the microcontroller module triggers a cutoff command, shutting down the electrohydrodynamics execution module and removing the transient operating voltage. The essential oil at the outlet capillary array port retracts under the action of surface tension.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, a heat flow distribution module located inside the upper pressure plate 2 is used to achieve pre-physical adjustment of the rheological state of the essential oil. The heat flow distribution module mainly relies on the mechanical linkage between the directional heat conduction bridge and the multi-position push button 5 to construct a variable thermal resistance conduction path from the heating panel 3 to the essential oil storage cavity and the outlet capillary array.

[0038] A directional heat-conducting bridge, acting as a physical medium for heat transfer, directs the waste heat generated by the heating panel 3 during operation to the area where the essential oil is located. To enable the multi-position push knob 5 to adjust the contact area of ​​the heat conduction path, the directional heat-conducting bridge structurally comprises a fixed heat-conducting base and a movable heat flow slider. The fixed heat-conducting base covers the outer wall of the essential oil reservoir and the capillary array, forming a tight thermal coupling surface. The movable heat flow slider is sandwiched between the back of the heating panel 3 and the fixed heat-conducting base, with its side facing the heating panel 3 having a stepped or gradually sloping shape.

[0039] The multi-position push button 5 is mechanically connected to the movable heat flow slider via an internal linkage or rack and pinion mechanism. When the user moves the multi-position push button 5, a physical displacement is generated, which directly drives the movable heat flow slider to slide horizontally along the back side of the heating panel 3. Because the movable heat flow slider has a stepped or gradually sloping surface, its physical contact area with the back side of the heating panel 3 changes with the displacement during sliding. This underlying mechanical feature design allows the system to present a discrete or continuously varying effective heat contact area depending on the position of the multi-position push button 5.

[0040] Changes in the physical contact area cause a synchronous change in the system's contact thermal resistance. Heat transfer between the active heat flow slider and the heating panel 3 is constrained by the interfacial contact thermal resistance. According to well-known principles of heat conduction in the art, the contact thermal resistance between the active heat flow slider and the back side of the heating panel 3 is equal to the equivalent thermal impedance coefficient of the material used in the directional heat bridge divided by the current effective physical contact area between the active heat flow slider and the back side of the heating panel 3.

[0041] The heat flow rate transferred from the heating panel 3 to the fixed heat-conducting base is controlled by the aforementioned contact thermal resistance, and its heat conduction process follows the Fourier law of thermal conduction. The real-time heat flow rate transferred to the directional heat-conducting bridge and ultimately acting on the essential oil is equal to the difference between the steady-state operating temperature of the heating panel 3 and the real-time temperature of the essential oil in the liquid outlet capillary array, divided by the aforementioned contact thermal resistance.

[0042] Under the stable heat flow rate corresponding to a specific setting, essential oils absorb heat and undergo a subphase change preheating process, resulting in an increase in their internal temperature. The intermolecular forces of the essential oils weaken, which macroscopically manifests as a decrease in the dynamic viscosity and surface tension parameters of the essential oils. The system utilizes mechanical displacement to change the thermal resistance, allowing essential oils of different base viscosities to absorb an appropriate amount of heat, modulating their rheological state to a stable range that meets the requirements for subsequent high-voltage micro-electric field excitation, thus avoiding situations where the energization threshold is not reached or where overheating leads to component deactivation.

[0043] Regarding the specific heating control circuit and heating element selection for the heating panel 3, those skilled in the art can use conventional positive temperature coefficient thermistors or metal ceramic heating elements in conjunction with temperature control chips. The heating and steady-state constant temperature control mechanism is a well-known technology in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] After receiving a stable heat flow conducted by the heat flow distribution module, the essential oil in the essential oil storage chamber and the outlet capillary array undergoes a subphase change heating process.

[0045] Subphase change preheating refers to the process where the essential oil absorbs heat and its temperature rises, but the maximum temperature is strictly limited below its boiling point or the thermal degradation temperature of its volatile active ingredients. This process ensures that the essential oil remains in a liquid phase and that the effective hair-care components do not carbonize or become inactive. Heat is transferred to the essential oil through the tube wall of the fixed heat-conducting base, giving the essential oil molecules thermal kinetic energy and intensifying their thermal motion, directly causing a physical response in the macroscopic rheological parameters of the essential oil. The microcontroller module integrates a temperature calculation unit or is connected to miniature temperature sensors distributed on the outer wall of the essential oil reservoir to obtain the real-time ambient temperature parameters of the preheated essential oil.

[0046] The dynamic viscosity of essential oils responds to heat flow according to the Andrade equation in fluid mechanics. Specifically, as stated in the instruction manual: the dynamic viscosity of an essential oil at a specific temperature after preheating is equal to its base viscosity at a standard reference temperature, multiplied by an exponential term with a natural constant as the base. The exponential part of this term is the product of the essential oil's viscosity-temperature index and a temperature reciprocal difference, which is the reciprocal of the real-time temperature minus the reciprocal of the standard reference temperature. With continuous controlled heat flow and an increase in the real-time temperature of the essential oil, the internal friction between essential oil molecules decreases, and its dynamic viscosity exhibits an exponential, non-linear decay.

[0047] In parallel with viscosity changes, the surface tension of essential oils also responds systematically to temperature changes. The real-time surface tension coefficient of an essential oil at a specific temperature after preheating is equal to its baseline surface tension at a standard reference temperature, minus the influence of the surface tension temperature coefficient and the actual temperature rise. The actual temperature rise is represented by the difference between the real-time temperature of the essential oil and the standard reference temperature. Because the inward attraction of the surface molecules of essential oils to their internal atoms weakens with increasing temperature, their surface tension exhibits an approximately linear decreasing trend with increasing temperature.

[0048] The dual decrease in the dynamic viscosity and surface tension of the essential oil constitutes the preliminary physical adjustment of its rheological state. The flow release regulation module changes the contact thermal resistance through the mechanical displacement of the aforementioned multi-position push knob, allowing different types of hair care essential oils with different initial viscosity physical parameters to obtain a matching preheating temperature, uniformly modulating their rheological state to a stable operating range that meets the polarization electric field threshold requirements of the electrohydrodynamics execution module. This control method avoids the problem of air breakdown caused by applying extremely high initial voltages to high-viscosity essential oils at room temperature, and also eliminates the risk of deactivation of effective ingredients due to uncontrollable heat.

[0049] For the structural sealing of the essential oil reservoir and the specific selection and arrangement of the basic temperature measuring element, those skilled in the art can use conventional high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing components or NTC thermistor patches. The reservoir sealing and contact temperature measurement scheme are well-known technologies in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0050] This invention utilizes an electromechanical sensing module to realize the dynamics and real-time calculation of physical parameters of the hair straightener during its operation. The electromechanical sensing module includes micro-strain gauges for dynamically acquiring real-time clamping force parameters reflecting the hair strand thickness.

[0051] Miniature strain gauges are attached to or embedded in the inner force-bearing surface of the hinge bearing housing connecting the lower pressure plate 1 and the upper pressure plate 2. When the user holds the hair straightener and changes it from an open state to a closed state, clamping the hair, the upper and lower pressure plates apply physical compression to the internal hair strands. The physical thickness and compressive strength of the hair strands themselves cause micro-elastic deformation in the hinge matrix of the lower pressure plate 1.

[0052] The micro-strain gauge deforms synchronously with the hinge matrix. Physical tension or compression alters the geometry and lattice structure of the internal sensing grid of the micro-strain gauge, causing a shift in the real-time resistance value of the micro-strain gauge relative to the base resistance value in the unstressed, open state. This resistance shift corresponds to the magnitude of the stress experienced at the hinge.

[0053] The microcontroller module is equipped with a bridge amplifier circuit, and a micro strain gauge is connected as a variable resistor in the measuring arm of the bridge circuit. Changes in the resistance value of the micro strain gauge disrupt the bridge balance, and the microcontroller module acquires the deformation voltage signal output from this unbalanced state and performs analog-to-digital conversion.

[0054] The microcontroller module calculates the current clamping force parameters based on the fixed control program and conventional strain sensing measurement principles. Specifically, the calculated real-time clamping force parameter is equal to the product of the strain sensor's calibration stiffness coefficient and the relative change in resistance of the micro-strain gauge. This relative change in resistance is obtained by dividing the resistance change caused by deformation by the basic resistance of the micro-strain gauge. The calibration stiffness coefficient is a system constant pre-determined using standard mechanical testing equipment and stored in the microcontroller module's memory unit before the straightener leaves the factory.

[0055] The system obtains real-time clamping force parameters through continuous voltage signal sampling and product calculation. This parameter objectively reflects the total amount of hair strands currently clamped between the heating panels 3. The thicker the clamped hair strand, the greater the deformation, and the higher the output clamping force parameter. This dynamic data is subsequently used as an input variable for calculating the instantaneous target release amount of essential oil.

[0056] For the specific topology of the bridge amplifier circuit and the hardware filtering circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion process, those skilled in the art can use a conventional precision instrumentation amplifier in conjunction with an RC low-pass filter network. The conditioning and anti-interference mechanism of its weak deformation signal is a well-known technology in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the instantaneous sliding speed of the hair straightener as it is pulled downwards along the hair strands is calculated using an electromechanical sensing module. The electromechanical sensing module utilizes a comb-shaped capacitive sensor array distributed along the edge of the heating panel 3 to capture the micro-environmental physical changes of the hair strands when they are heated.

[0058] The comb-shaped capacitive sensor array consists of multiple sets of alternating parallel miniature metal plates. A specific physical spacing exists between adjacent sets of metal plates of the same polarity; this fixed spacing is defined as the spatial period length of the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array. The surface of the metal plates is covered with an extremely thin insulating protective layer to prevent leakage of current or liquid.

[0059] When the hair straightener is closed and the hair is held in place, the heating panel 3 operates at a high temperature. Moisture inside the hair absorbs heat and is forced to vaporize, creating a localized water vapor microenvironment at the contact surface between the heating panel 3 and the hair. The dielectric constant of this water vapor is higher than that of the surrounding dry air. As the hair continues to slide relative to the straightener, the water vapor layer generated by forced vaporization moves relative to it, sequentially passing over multiple alternating plates of the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array. The alternating changes in the local dielectric environment cause periodic fluctuations in the capacitance value of the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array, resulting in a capacitance disturbance signal.

[0060] A comb-shaped capacitance sensor array establishes electrical communication with a microcontroller module. The microcontroller module contains a high-resolution capacitance-to-digital converter (CDC) unit for acquiring capacitance perturbation signals within a continuous time window. The microcontroller module uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to discretize the acquired time-domain capacitance perturbation signal, converting it into a frequency-domain spectral sequence. The microcontroller module then searches for the dominant amplitude in this spectral sequence and extracts the frequency component corresponding to this dominant amplitude as the fundamental frequency of the capacitance perturbation signal.

[0061] The microcontroller module calculates the final slip velocity based on conventional spatial kinematics principles. The system's calculation logic is as follows: the current instantaneous slip velocity of the hair straightener is equal to the product of the fixed spatial period length of the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array and the extracted fundamental frequency. As the hair straightener's moving speed increases, the frequency at which water vapor passes over the alternating plates increases, the calculated fundamental frequency increases synchronously, and the resulting instantaneous slip velocity increases accordingly.

[0062] The microcontroller module obtains continuous instantaneous glide velocity values ​​through the above process. These values ​​are independent of human subjective judgment and objectively reflect the physical motion state of the hair straightener. The instantaneous glide velocity, as one of the key dynamic input boundary conditions, participates in the real-time calculation of subsequent essential oil release.

[0063] For the specific topology of the micro capacitance measurement circuit and the digital signal processing logic of the microcontroller module performing fast Fourier transform, those skilled in the art can use a conventional charge transfer type measurement loop in conjunction with the floating-point arithmetic unit of the microcontroller. The micro capacitance acquisition and frequency domain extraction methods are well-known technologies in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] After obtaining the preheating temperature adjusted by the aforementioned heat flow distribution module, the microcontroller module executes the excitation model calculation of the initial critical state of the Taylor cone in electrohydrodynamics. The system transforms the essential oil from a macroscopic liquid phase into charged atomized microdroplets through the electrohydrodynamic execution module.

[0065] The electrohydrodynamics execution module includes a DC high-voltage generator. The anode of the DC high-voltage generator is electrically connected to the liquid outlet capillary array, and the cathode is grounded or forms a circuit with the conductive substrate inside the lower pressure plate 1. When the hair straightener is in the closed working state, the heating panel 3 and the lower pressure plate 1 clamp the hair, and a spatial high-voltage electrostatic field is constructed between the tip of the liquid outlet capillary array and the surface of the hair.

[0066] The microcontroller module outputs a digital signal to drive a DC high-voltage generator, applying a DC high voltage to the tip of the capillary. An electrostatic field induces like-paired charges on the surface of the essential oil at the capillary port. The electrostatic repulsion between these like charges generates outward Maxwell stress at the surface. Simultaneously, the essential oil surface experiences inward contraction due to its own surface tension. As the applied voltage continuously increases, the Maxwell stress gradually increases. When the Maxwell stress generated by the polarized electric field is sufficient to overcome the current surface tension of the essential oil, the hemispherical surface at the capillary port loses its hydrostatic equilibrium, becomes unstable outward, and stretches to form a conical fluid shape—a stable Taylor cone.

[0067] Maintaining the initial critical state of the Taylor cone requires specific voltage parameters. The microcontroller module incorporates a Taylor cone critical excitation algorithm to calculate this voltage threshold based on the surface tension parameters of the preheated essential oil. The DC high voltage calculation model required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone is expressed as follows: ; In the formula, The DC high voltage required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone; These are system constants related to the geometry of the outlet capillary tip and the electrode structure; The temperature is at real-time after preheating through subphase change. The dynamic surface tension coefficient of the essential oil; This is the inner diameter of the outlet capillary. It is the vacuum permittivity; This is the effective charge discharge distance from the tip of the liquid outlet capillary to a hair-like strand on the target surface. The surface tension constraint factor of essential oil at the capillary outlet is used to characterize the product relationship between the surface contraction force of essential oil and the characteristic size of the capillary. The ratio of the surface tension constraint factor to twice the vacuum dielectric constant represents the electrostatic stress reference term required to overcome the capillary contraction pressure of essential oils. The electrostatic field geometric enhancement factor characterizes the dimensionless proportional relationship between the effective charge discharge distance and the capillary inner diameter.

[0068] The system establishes an electric field reference that matches the real-time rheological state of the essential oil by calculating the DC high-voltage parameters. The microcontroller module dynamically issues voltage adjustment commands based on the actual physical response of the essential oil after undergoing controlled heat flow. This computational mechanism avoids the physical failure phenomena caused by using a single fixed high voltage, which prevents high-viscosity essential oils from being atomized into cones, and the physical failure phenomena of low-viscosity essential oils induced by excessive high voltage, such as air breakdown and corona discharge.

[0069] For the specific circuit topology inside the DC high voltage generator, those skilled in the art can use conventional piezoelectric ceramic transformers or high-frequency pulse transformers in conjunction with multi-stage voltage multiplier rectifier networks. The voltage boosting mechanism for converting low-voltage DC to high-voltage DC is a well-known technology in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0070] In this embodiment, after completing the electrostatic field reference calculation for the initial critical state of the Taylor cone, the microcontroller module enters the dynamic closed-loop flow mapping stage. Based on the physical dynamic changes of the hair straightener during the actual ironing process, the system uses the various kinetic parameters obtained by the aforementioned electromechanical sensing module to calculate the amount of essential oil released in the current control cycle, establishing a direct mapping relationship between user operation behavior and physical spray volume.

[0071] In actual use of a hair straightener, different sliding speeds and clamping amounts of hair can lead to significant differences in the surface area of ​​the hair strands passing through the heating panel 3 per unit time. As a preferred implementation, the microcontroller module incorporates a millisecond-level timer to synchronously read real-time parameters from the rotating dial 4, micro-strain gauges, and comb-shaped capacitive sensor array within each control cycle. The rotating dial 4 is internally connected to a voltage divider potentiometer or digital encoder. By rotating the dial 4, the user changes the resistance ratio or pulse count value of the connected circuit. The microcontroller module reads this electrical signal through an analog-to-digital converter interface and interprets it as the user's desired baseline targeted deposition density parameter.

[0072] Considering the differences in sampling frequencies of multi-source sensors at the underlying hardware architecture, the voltage sampling rate of micro-strain gauges is typically higher than the frequency domain calculation cycle of comb-type capacitive sensor arrays. To avoid state oscillations caused by direct multiplication of asynchronous data, the microcontroller module uses a zero-order hold or linear interpolation algorithm to timestamp the continuously acquired clamping force parameters and sliding velocities before performing mapping calculations, ensuring that the data participating in the same calculation cycle are in the same transient tangent under the same physical conditions.

[0073] After data synchronization is complete, the microcontroller module uses the real-time clamping force parameter and real-time sliding velocity continuously output by the electromechanical sensing module as dynamic input boundary conditions. Combined with the aforementioned benchmark targeted deposition density parameter, it performs a closed-loop mapping calculation of the instantaneous target flow rate. This instantaneous target flow rate closed-loop mapping model is specifically expressed as follows: ; In the formula, The instantaneous target flow rate required within the current millisecond-level control cycle; As a constant for flow control conversion and dimension unification, it is used to adapt to the density and system pipeline flow resistance characteristics of different types of essential oils. Its value range is usually set between 0.1 and 5.0. The specific value is generated and solidified in read-only memory based on bench titration experiments of standard reference essential oils before leaving the factory. The real-time slip velocity is calculated for the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array; Real-time clamping force parameters calculated for micro strain gauges; The baseline targeted deposition density parameter set by the user via the rotary dial 4 is typically quantified as a dimensionless percentage coefficient between 0 and 1. As a real-time kinetic characterization of the combined parameters, it reflects the physical processing intensity of the hair strand processed by the straightener at the current instant; The base deposition conversion factor represents the baseline amount of essential oil release that the system needs to provide under unit kinetic processing intensity.

[0074] The system achieves dynamic adaptive adjustment of essential oil release over time through this product-based closed-loop mapping mechanism. When the microcontroller determines that the real-time sliding speed increases, the calculated instantaneous target flow rate increases proportionally to avoid sparse application of essential oil due to excessively fast sliding. When the micro-strain gauge detects an increase in the clamping force parameter, indicating that the currently clamped hair bundle is thicker, the instantaneous target flow rate increases synchronously to ensure that all hair strands within the bundle receive sufficient essential oil coverage. This millisecond-level flow mapping logic ensures that the final targeted deposition amount of essential oil is strictly dependent on the user's real-time physical operation status.

[0075] Furthermore, considering the system's robustness under complex operating conditions, the microcontroller module is additionally configured with dead-zone determination logic for the aforementioned calculation process. Taking into account sensor noise and interference frequencies introduced by minor hand tremors, the system presets relatively small speed and contact force dead-zone thresholds. When the calculated real-time sliding speed or clamping force parameter is lower than the corresponding dead-zone threshold, even with weak sensor disturbance input, the microcontroller module will force the corresponding term in the formula to zero, effectively cutting off unwanted calculations and preventing abnormal oil accumulation and dripping when the hair straightener is partially stuck or not clamped.

[0076] For the specific underlying physical implementation of high-frequency multiplication and addition operations performed by the microcontroller module, those skilled in the art can use the hardware multiplier or floating-point unit integrated inside the microcontroller. Its timer interrupt triggering and multivariate periodic calculation task scheduling mechanism are well-known technologies in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0077] In this embodiment, after completing the closed-loop mapping calculation of the instantaneous target flow rate, the microcontroller module enters the final conversion stage of the electrical drive parameters. Based on the fundamental physical effects of electrohydrodynamics, the system needs to accurately map the purely mathematical flow rate requirement into a specific electric field intensity acting on the liquid outlet capillary array.

[0078] The actual outflow rate during electrohydrodynamic jetting is highly dependent on the net driving electric field applied to the capillary tip and exceeding the Taylor cone forming threshold. To overcome the internal frictional resistance of the essential oil flowing inside the pipe, the microcontroller module establishes a transient high-voltage modulation equation for the operating voltage and calculates the required final driving command based on the coupling principle of fluid mechanics and electrostatics.

[0079] As a preferred approach, before performing the main calculations of the modulation equation, the microcontroller module, based on safety considerations for edge conditions, pre-determines the validity of the input instantaneous target flow rate. When the system detects that the instantaneous target flow rate is equal to zero or lower than the preset minimum flow rate leakage dead zone threshold, the microcontroller module directly outputs a hardware cutoff level, cutting off the drive link of the DC high-voltage generator. This foolproof boundary logic ensures that the generator, when in a stationary or unclamped sliding condition, will not continuously apply the base high voltage that could cause electrostatic leakage due to underlying calculation floating-point errors.

[0080] After confirming that the instantaneous target flow rate is within a reasonable physical release range, the microcontroller module performs real-time dynamic modulation of the transient operating voltage. The specific transient high-voltage modulation equation is expressed as follows: ; In the formula, This is the transient operating voltage required for the electrohydrodynamic actuator to spray essential oils externally; The DC high voltage required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone, calculated using the pre-excitation model; The high-voltage modulation gain coefficient is used to characterize the system hardware efficiency of converting electric field force into fluid kinetic energy. Its value range is usually set within the physical range of 10 to 50 corresponding dimension units according to the factory physical calibration. The instantaneous target flow rate calculated within the current control cycle; The temperature is at real-time after preheating through subphase change. Dynamic viscosity parameters of essential oils; As a flow resistance characterization term, it is used to quantify the overall internal viscous frictional resistance that essential oils must overcome when passing through a micro-capillary at the user's target flow rate under the current thermodynamic conditions, and constitutes a reference benchmark for the system to output additional energy to the outside. This is a high-voltage drive compensation term, representing the incremental electric potential energy that must be superimposed on the critical voltage to drive the charged droplet to achieve continuous atomization and stripping, based on overcoming the surface tension of the liquid surface to form a Taylor cone. Considering that the above physical quantities are all non-negative real numbers, this square root operation naturally avoids the algorithmic singularity problem of non-real number solutions in the underlying logic.

[0081] Furthermore, considering the complexity of the actual microenvironment of hair and electrical safety, the unrestricted rise of the high-voltage electric field poses a physical risk of breaking down the air insulation layer. In this embodiment, after obtaining the calculated initial operating voltage, the microcontroller module further nests and executes limiting clamping logic. The system internally stores an upper limit voltage threshold for arc breakdown, which is calculated based on Paschen's law of conventional air gap breakdown characteristics and combined with the minimum physical air gap distance between the lower and upper pressure plates. When the calculated transient operating voltage exceeds the aforementioned upper limit voltage threshold for arc breakdown, the microcontroller module forcibly clamps the final electrical output command to this upper limit threshold. This judgment logic based on multi-dimensional physical boundaries avoids corona discharge or thermal damage to the hair surface caused by excessively high electric fields induced by formula limit derivation alone.

[0082] For the specific underlying circuit topology of the microcontroller module outputting a high-resolution pulse width modulation signal to adjust the output voltage of the DC high voltage generator, those skilled in the art can use a conventional digital-to-analog converter in conjunction with a closed-loop feedback voltage sampling network. Its dynamic tracking control and optocoupler isolation feedback mechanism for the high voltage electric field are well-known technologies in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] In this embodiment, the hair straightener undergoes various typical physical interaction conditions during actual operation, including clamping and pulling, partial stagnation, and opening and resetting. To avoid safety hazards caused by the continuous output of a high-voltage electric field when not in operation, and to prevent excessive accumulation of essential oil in certain areas of the hair causing leakage, the microcontroller module incorporates dynamic monitoring logic for the stagnation and opening states.

[0084] For recognizing the open state of the hair straightener, the system directly reuses the real-time clamping force parameters output by the micro-strain gauges in the electromechanical sensing module. Considering that when the lower pressure plate 1 and upper pressure plate 2 naturally open using internal torsion springs, the hinge base itself still bears the static load of the straightener's structural components, the microcontroller module has a pre-defined no-load clamping force reference threshold. This no-load clamping force reference threshold is a safety boundary value calibrated by measuring parasitic stress in the no-load open posture before the device leaves the factory. When the microcontroller module determines that the real-time clamping force parameter in the current control cycle is lower than or equal to this no-load clamping force reference threshold, the system determines that the hair straightener has detached from the hair bundle and is in a physically open state.

[0085] Assuming the hair straightener is in a closed clamping state, the system determines the stationary state (where the device clamps the hair but stops sliding along it) by relying on the real-time sliding speed calculated by the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array. Considering the natural, minute, high-frequency physiological tremors of the human hand muscles when gripping an object, these tremors cause a slight relative displacement of the straightener, resulting in stray fluctuations in the sliding speed parameter near absolute zero. To filter out these high-frequency positional disturbances caused by hand tremors and avoid misjudgments, the microcontroller module establishes a sliding time window integral model to perform time-domain smoothing on the transient sliding speed. The specific smoothing characteristic equation is expressed as: ; In the formula, The equivalent smoothed slip velocity within the time window is used to characterize the macroscopic true movement trend after filtering out high-frequency jitter. The time window for the sliding integral is typically set between 50 and 200 milliseconds, with the specific value determined based on the Nyquist sampling boundary of typical hand tremor frequencies. This is the current real-time timestamp; For time integration variables; The instantaneous slip velocity corresponds to each sampling time within the integration interval; A definite integral operator with upper and lower limits for integration, used to represent the integral with respect to the current time step. Compared to shifting a time window length into the past The cumulative calculations were performed over the time intervals between the two periods to define the effective range of historical data for smoothing. This is the physical product of instantaneous slip velocity and infinitesimal time variable; its actual physical meaning characterizes the direct current generator during this extremely short infinitesimal time. The microscopic absolute displacement generated by the hair relative to the hair strand. The above integral calculation process calculates the cumulative total displacement of the hair straightener within a specific time window in a physical sense, and then converts it into the average macroscopic velocity.

[0086] As a preferred approach, after acquiring the equivalent smooth sliding speed, the microcontroller compares it with a preset stagnation detection speed threshold. This stagnation detection speed threshold is typically set as a small positive real number slightly above the sensor's noise floor limit. When the equivalent smooth sliding speed falls below the stagnation detection speed threshold, the microcontroller confirms that the device has entered a stagnation state relative to the hair strand. Based on the monitoring results of the above-mentioned open and stagnation states, the microcontroller constructs a safety interception precondition with an "OR" logical relationship. As long as the straightener meets any single physical condition of open or stagnation, the system's internal status register flips to the interception suspension position.

[0087] This monitoring mechanism, based on multi-parameter temporal smoothing, physically separates conscious pauses from unconscious physiological tremors. Its technical purpose is to ensure the hair straightener can accurately recognize the user's intentions, avoiding misjudgments of system operation due to oscillations when the user briefly adjusts their grip or combs their hair, thus providing accurate data support for subsequently cutting off energy output.

[0088] For the specific underlying data structure of the sliding integral of the execution time window inside the microcontroller module, those skilled in the art can use a conventional fixed-length circular queue buffer in conjunction with an accumulation register. Its discretization digital filtering and the cyclic overlay update mechanism of the memory array are well-known technologies in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0089] In this embodiment, based on the monitoring results of the aforementioned open state and stagnant working condition, the microcontroller module immediately triggers the electric field removal and capillary retraction anti-drip mechanism after the internal state register flips to the interception and suspension position.

[0090] Under normal electrohydrodynamic spraying conditions, the essential oil surface is maintained in a Taylor cone dynamic fluid equilibrium by the combined effects of outward polarized electric field pull and inward surface tension. Once the user stops pulling the straightener or opens it, if only the base power is cut off, the voltage drop will exhibit inherent RC delay due to the parasitic capacitance inevitably present in the underlying circuitry. The charged essential oil remaining at the tip of the dispensing capillary tends to slowly leak outward under the combined effect of gravity and the weak residual electric field, causing irreversible over-application in certain areas of the hair.

[0091] To address the aforementioned physical runaway issue caused by hardware delay, as a preferred implementation, the microcontroller module sends a hardware cutoff command to the high-voltage drive link while simultaneously closing a fast-release switch located between the DC high-voltage generator output and the system ground. This operation utilizes the established low-impedance electrical path to guide the polarization charge accumulated at the tip of the effluent capillary array to ground potential within a microsecond time window. The transient zeroing of Maxwell stress causes a sudden change in the stress state of the essential oil surface, completely returning system control to the purely microfluidic physical boundary constraints.

[0092] Under transient conditions where the external electric field force is completely unloaded, the residence and retraction trajectories of the liquid are determined by the intrinsic hydrostatic parameters within the pipe. The microcontroller module contains a capillary retraction equilibrium determination model, used to quantitatively analyze the physical stability of the liquid surface at the tip under the current thermodynamic state. This model is specifically represented by the following spatial hydrostatic equation: ; In the formula, The net retraction anchor pressure is used to characterize the effective fluid force boundary that pulls the residual essential oil back into the capillary. After preheating for subphase transformation, the temperature is kept at real-time temperature. The dynamic surface tension coefficient of the essential oil; The inner diameter of the liquid outlet capillary, as a structural parameter that is solidified at the factory, must be a real number that is strictly greater than zero, thus naturally avoiding the mathematical singularity anomaly of division by zero at the algorithm level. This represents the real-time fluid density of the essential oil at the current ambient temperature. It is the gravitational acceleration constant; The vertical hydrostatic head height is the distance from the actual liquid level inside the essential oil reservoir to the tip of the outlet capillary. The term is a capillary constraint negative pressure term. Its physical meaning lies in quantifying the maximum inward contraction pressure generated at the nozzle by the combination of the micro-diameter and the surface tension of the liquid. This pressure constitutes the basic resistance that prevents the liquid from spontaneously leaking out. This is the gravity osmotic pressure difference term, representing the background force exerted by the liquid in the storage chamber on the interface of the pipe opening under the Earth's gravity field; is the volumetric density constant, which characterizes the absolute gravitational load borne by a unit volume of essential oil.

[0093] In this embodiment, during the mechanical structure design phase, the system strictly limits the inner diameter parameters of the outlet capillary and the maximum height of the storage chamber to ensure that, under extreme conditions where the essential oil is preheated to its highest operating temperature (i.e., the dynamic surface tension coefficient drops to its lowest value under all operating conditions), the net retraction anchoring pressure calculated by the above equation remains constant. It remains at a safety threshold greater than zero. This defined positive physical pressure difference ensures that once the electric field traction force completely dissipates, the originally conical oil surface, driven directly by the transient constraint negative pressure, overcomes its own fluid inertia and rapidly retracts from the edge of the pipe into the cavity. The residual liquid eventually forms a stable gas-liquid interface inside the capillary, fundamentally blocking the macroscopic dripping path during non-operational conditions.

[0094] For the specific hardware topology of the residual charge discharge circuit at the output end of the DC high voltage generator, and the tube wall polishing process for the micro fluid channel, those skilled in the art can use conventional push-pull field-effect transistor discharge network and fluid dynamics chamfering technology. The methods for high-voltage rapid shutdown and reduction of inner wall flow resistance are well known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0095] Specific application examples: Example: Specific application of a professional-grade salon hair straightener; Scenario Deployment: This example is applied to a professional salon that provides high-end customized hair care services. This scenario requires the equipment to be compatible with the different hair types of various customers and a variety of hair oils with vastly different base viscosities, and to achieve even application and zero dripping of the oils even with complex stylist techniques.

[0096] Hardware configuration: Execution terminal: 10 intelligent hair straighteners equipped with microcontroller modules and electrohydrodynamic execution modules. Each device is equipped with a comb-shaped capacitive sensor array, micro strain gauges, and multi-position push knobs.

[0097] Consumables configuration: High viscosity nut-extracted hair care oil (exhibits high viscosity resistance at standard reference temperature of 25℃).

[0098] Testing and calibration equipment: 1 high-precision microbalance (accuracy 0.01mg) and 1 micro-fluorescence detector, used for determining the final deposition density and leakage amount.

[0099] Equipment operation and data interaction process: Step 1: Preheating and establishing the critical electric field; the hairstylist injects high-viscosity nut-extracted hair care essential oil into the essential oil reservoir and pushes the multi-level knob to the high heat flow level.

[0100] Sensing: The microcontroller module reads the temperature signal transmitted from the miniature temperature sensor on the outer wall of the reservoir. The essential oil temperature rises to 75°C within 45 seconds.

[0101] Calculation: The system calls the Andrade equation and the surface tension temperature coefficient to calculate that the dynamic viscosity of the essential oil decreases exponentially at the current temperature, and the surface tension decreases synchronously.

[0102] Mapping: The system substitutes the real-time dynamic surface tension parameters into the excitation model and calculates that the DC high voltage reference parameter required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone is 3.5kV, thus avoiding air breakdown caused by room temperature high voltage excitation.

[0103] Step 2: Dynamic sliding and flow closed-loop drive; the hairstylist closes the straightener to hold the customer's hair strands and pulls them at a constant speed from the roots to the ends.

[0104] Dynamic equilibrium: A comb-shaped capacitive sensor array collects the frequency of water vapor disturbance and calculates the instantaneous slip velocity as 4 cm / s. A micro-strain gauge collects the hinge deformation voltage and calculates the real-time clamping force parameter as 15 N.

[0105] Weighting: The microcontroller module performs closed-loop mapping calculations based on the set target deposition density parameters. The system substitutes the calculated instantaneous target flow rate into the high-pressure modulation equation, adds a flow resistance compensation term, and drives the DC high-voltage generator to output a transient operating voltage of 4.2kV. The essential oil forms a stable Taylor cone and continuously deposits onto the hair-like fibers.

[0106] Step 3: Stop detection and anti-drip cut; the hairstylist slides to the ends of the hair and stops pulling down, but keeps the hand in a clamping position to perform a brief local styling.

[0107] Attribution analysis: Continuous calculations using the time-window integral model of the microcontroller module revealed that the equivalent smooth sliding speed dropped below the noise dead zone of 0.5 cm / s. Although the clamping force remained at 15 N, the system, based on logical safety conditions, determined that the hair straightener had entered a physical standstill condition.

[0108] Interception Execution: The system immediately cuts off the DC high-voltage generator drive command and simultaneously closes the fast discharge switch. The polarized charge is guided to ground potential within 50 microseconds. Under the action of the net retraction anchor pressure (calculated value is positive), the essential oil at the capillary tip retracts into the lumen, completely blocking gravity dripping to the hair ends.

[0109] Experimental Verification and Effect Comparison: To verify the actual effect of this system, a 30-day high-frequency benchtop and hands-on comparison experiment was conducted at the aforementioned salon.

[0110] Control group: A straightener using a traditional constant pressure open-loop release mechanism, without multi-dimensional physical sensing or a rapid release anti-drip system.

[0111] Experimental group: The system based on the kinetic multi-parameter closed-loop mapping and fast discharge mechanism of the present invention is enabled.

[0112] Experimental data presentation: See attached document Figure 4 Chart description: The horizontal axis represents the instantaneous slip velocity, and the vertical axis represents the deposition density per unit area.

[0113] Data Interpretation: In the graph, the solid black dots represent the deposition data of the experimental group after closed-loop dynamic flow mapping, closely distributed near the set target deposition density baseline. The gray cross-shaped dots represent the deposition data of the control group. Due to the fixed system output flow, excessive accumulation of essential oil occurs at low-speed sliding, while severe insufficient deposition density occurs at high-speed sliding, resulting in a clear inversely proportional discrete distribution of the data.

[0114] Experimental results: The experimental group achieved highly consistent deposition uniformity at different operating speeds through the kinetic parameter mapping mechanism, successfully solving the problems of blind spots and local greasiness in the sliding speed range of traditional equipment.

[0115] See attached document Figure 5 Chart description: The X-axis represents the settling time after the hair strand processing is completed, and the Y-axis represents the cumulative dripping mass at the tube opening.

[0116] Data Interpretation: The solid black line (experimental group) immediately leveled off during the initial settling stage, with the leakage consistently remaining at an extremely low level below 0.05mg. The dashed gray line (control group) showed a continuous upward trend after settling, indicating that due to the resistance-capacitance delay effect and capillary instability, the essential oil continued to leak outward under gravity.

[0117] In comparison, based on the rapid discharge and capillary constraint physical boundary design of the experimental group, the system successfully intercepted more than 99% of leakage in non-operational states, while the control group produced obvious oil stains and equipment contamination.

[0118] See attached document Figure 6 Chart description: X-axis represents the number of experimental days (Day 1-Day 30), and Y-axis represents the overall customer satisfaction yield (the percentage of samples with no drips and even application).

[0119] Data Interpretation: The solid black line with square markings (experimental group): After the system went live, the yield rate quickly increased and remained stable at over 98.5% in subsequent high-frequency tests.

[0120] The gray dashed line with a circular mark (control group): the yield rate fluctuated greatly between 82% and 88%, and was easily affected by the different hairstylists' operating habits and the types of essential oils.

[0121] Summary of Results Comparison Dynamic sedimentation density variance 0.85 (severely uneven) 0.12 (uniform height) The evenness of application is improved by more than 7 times. Cumulative leakage during shutdown 4.8mg / dose <0.05mg / dose Leakage rate reduced by 98.9% High viscosity essential oil breakdown alarm rate 12.5% 0% (System adaptive avoidance) Completely eliminate electric arc safety hazards Overall coating pass rate 85.2% 98.7% Hair care experience and improved yield Conclusion: Experimental results show that this invention effectively solves the problem of uniform essential oil release under complex operating conditions through real-time monitoring and closed-loop mapping of kinetic parameters; and completely eliminates the risk of dripping in non-operating states through time-domain discrimination and electric field discharge mechanism in stagnant states. The system's strong robustness to different environments and operating methods improves the intelligence level and actual hair care effect of the hair straightener.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the release of essential oils in a hair straightener, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The microcontroller module reads the target deposition density parameters input by the flow release regulation module, and the heat flow distribution module performs subphase change preheating on the essential oil; The microcontroller module acquires the ambient temperature of the preheated essential oil and calculates the DC high voltage parameters required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone. The microcontroller module receives the deformation voltage signal and capacitance disturbance signal output by the electromechanical sensing module, and calculates the real-time clamping force parameter and instantaneous sliding speed respectively. The microcontroller module calculates the instantaneous target flow rate based on the real-time clamping force parameter, the instantaneous sliding velocity, and the targeted deposition density parameter; The microcontroller module converts the instantaneous target flow rate into a high-voltage electric field command, and combines it with the DC high-voltage parametric drive electrodynamics execution module to apply a dynamically modulated transient working voltage to the liquid outlet capillary array, driving the essential oil to form charged microdroplets at the liquid outlet capillary array port and deposit them onto the hair surface. When the microcontroller module determines that the real-time clamping force parameter is not higher than the no-load clamping force reference threshold, or the instantaneous sliding speed is lower than the stagnation determination speed threshold, it triggers a cutoff command to remove the transient working voltage and controls the essential oil at the outlet capillary array port to retract.

2. The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps by which the microcontroller module calculates the DC high-voltage parameters required to maintain the initial critical state of the Taylor cone specifically include: Based on the preset standard reference temperature and the surface tension temperature coefficient of the essential oil, the dynamic surface tension coefficient of the essential oil at the current ambient temperature is obtained; The surface tension constraint factor of the essential oil is calculated based on the dynamic surface tension coefficient and the inner diameter of the liquid outlet capillary of the liquid outlet capillary array. The electrostatic stress reference term required to overcome the capillary contraction pressure of the essential oil is obtained by combining the ratio of the surface tension constraint factor to twice the vacuum dielectric constant. The DC high voltage parameters that match the real-time rheological state of the essential oil are obtained by calculating based on the electrostatic stress reference term and the electrostatic field geometric enhancement factor.

3. The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the microcontroller module receiving the capacitance disturbance signal output by the electromechanical sensing module to calculate the instantaneous slip velocity include: The electromechanical sensing module collects the capacitive disturbance signal during the sliding process of the hair straightener through the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array. The capacitor perturbation signal within a continuous time window is discretized using a fast Fourier transform algorithm, and the capacitor perturbation signal is converted into a frequency domain spectrum sequence. Search for the dominant amplitude in the frequency domain spectrum sequence, and extract the frequency component corresponding to the dominant amplitude as the fundamental frequency; The instantaneous slip velocity is calculated by multiplying the fixed spatial period length of the comb-shaped capacitive sensor array by the fundamental frequency.

4. The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the microcontroller module calculating the instantaneous target flow rate based on the real-time clamping force parameter, the instantaneous slip velocity, and the targeted deposition density parameter include: The real-time clamping force parameters and the instantaneous sliding speed are time-stamp aligned using a zero-order hold or a linear interpolation algorithm. Multiply the aligned real-time clamping force parameter by the instantaneous sliding velocity to obtain the real-time kinetic characterization combined parameter; The instantaneous target flow rate is generated by multiplying the real-time kinetic characterization parameters, the targeted deposition density parameters, and the preset flow control conversion and dimensionless constant.

5. The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for generating the dynamically modulated transient operating voltage specifically include: Calculate the dynamic viscosity parameter of the essential oil under its current thermodynamic state based on the ambient temperature of the essential oil; Multiply the instantaneous target flow rate by the dynamic viscosity parameter to obtain the flow resistance characterization term; The high-voltage modulation gain coefficient is multiplied by the flow resistance characterization term to obtain the high-voltage drive compensation term, and the DC high-voltage parameter is superimposed with the high-voltage drive compensation term to generate the transient operating voltage. If the generated transient operating voltage exceeds the preset arc breakdown upper limit voltage threshold, the transient operating voltage will be forcibly clamped to the arc breakdown upper limit voltage threshold.

6. The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before triggering the truncation instruction, the method further includes: The microcontroller module determines physical standstill conditions based on a sliding time window integral model. Extract multiple instantaneous sliding velocities within the time window length of the sliding time window integral model; If the instantaneous sliding speed within the time window is lower than the stagnation determination speed threshold, and if the equivalent smooth sliding speed is lower than the stagnation determination speed threshold, then the hair straightener is determined to have entered a stagnation state, and the status register is flipped to the interception and suspension position.

7. The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of triggering the cutoff command to remove the transient operating voltage and controlling the retraction of the essential oil at the outlet capillary array port specifically include: Send a hardware cutoff command to the electrohydrodynamics execution module to simultaneously close the fast discharge switch located between the DC high voltage generator output terminal and the ground terminal of the electrohydrodynamics execution module, and guide the polarization charge at the tip of the liquid outlet capillary array to the ground potential; Obtain the dynamic surface tension coefficient of the essential oil under the current thermodynamic state, and calculate the capillary constraint negative pressure term formed by the dynamic surface tension coefficient and the inner diameter of the liquid outlet capillary of the liquid outlet capillary array, and the gravitational osmotic pressure difference term formed by gravity. Based on the positive net retraction anchoring pressure formed by the capillary constraint negative pressure term and the gravity osmotic pressure difference term, the residual essential oil at the outlet capillary array port is driven to retract into the lumen.

8. A hair straightener essential oil release control system, characterized in that, The method for controlling the release of essential oils from a hair straightener, applicable to any one of claims 1-7, comprises: The hair straightener body includes an upper pressure plate (2), a lower pressure plate (1) and a heating panel (3). The hair straightener body is provided with an essential oil storage chamber and an outlet capillary array. A heat flow distribution module is located inside the upper pressure plate (2) and is used to conduct heat and preheat the essential oil in the essential oil storage chamber and the outlet capillary array. The flow release adjustment module is located on the side of the lower pressure plate (1) and includes a rotary dial (4) for inputting the target deposition density parameter; The electromechanical sensing module includes a micro strain gauge built into the hinge of the lower pressure plate (1) and a comb-shaped capacitive sensor array distributed on the edge of the heating panel (3); The electrohydrodynamics execution module includes a DC high-voltage generator, the anode of which is connected to the liquid outlet capillary array; The microcontroller module is electrically connected to the heat flow distribution module, the flow release regulation module, the electromechanical sensing module, and the electro-hydraulic dynamics execution module, respectively, and is used to perform the essential oil release control of the hair straightener.

9. The hair straightener essential oil release control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heat flow distribution module includes a directional heat conduction bridge and a multi-position push button (5). The directional heat bridge includes a fixed heat-conducting base covering the outer wall of the essential oil storage cavity and the outlet capillary array, and a movable heat flow slider sandwiched between the back side of the heating panel (3) and the fixed heat-conducting base. The movable heat flow slider has a stepped or gradually sloping shape on the side facing the heating panel (3). The multi-position push button (5) is mechanically connected to the movable heat flow slider to drive the movable heat flow slider to slide along the back side of the heating panel (3), thereby changing the contact area between the movable heat flow slider and the heating panel (3).

10. The hair straightener essential oil release control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The comb-shaped capacitive sensor array is composed of multiple sets of alternating parallel micro metal plates, with a fixed spatial period length between adjacent sets of metal plates of the same polarity. The surface of the micro metal electrode is covered with an insulating dielectric protective layer, which is used to generate a periodic oscillating capacitance disturbance signal as the hair strands slide and the straightener body is closed.

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