A method and system for optimizing operation of energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of process control, in particular to a coal slime combined heat and power unit energy efficiency optimized operation method and system, comprising the following steps: obtaining coal slime fuel quality, dewatering paste preparation, conveying feeding, boiler combustion, heat and power load and auxiliary power data, and forming operation data set synchronously according to time stamp, calculating dewatering load, paste output and paste preparation power consumption, collecting total auxiliary power, determining coal slime paste conveying state, correcting target paste moisture content, filter pressing cycle, spraying agent consumption and conveying beat when the coal slime paste is in limited conveying state, determining heat supply load and electric load according to heat supply demand, combining total auxiliary power, coal slime calorific value and coal slime consumption to form energy efficiency state result and control filter pressing, spraying, conveying, feeding, air distribution and heat supply extraction parameter. The present application forms continuous control relationship of paste preparation, conveying, combustion and heat and power distribution through time sequence synchronization and stability feedback.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of process control technology, specifically to a method and system for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit. Background Technology

[0002] Coal slime cogeneration units use coal slime (a byproduct of coal washing, which can be mixed with coal gangue and low-calorific-value coal) as the main fuel. They are typically equipped with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. A single unit simultaneously produces electricity and industrial steam / heating hot water, and is classified as a nationally recognized cogeneration unit that comprehensively utilizes low-calorific-value fuel resources. Among them, the energy efficiency optimization of traditional coal slime cogeneration units refers to the process of collecting operating data such as coal slime feed rate, moisture content, furnace temperature, steam pressure, steam flow rate, power generation, heating load, oxygen content, flue gas temperature and circulating water flow rate during the joint operation of coal slime boiler, steam turbine, generator and heat exchange equipment. The data is compared, calculated and adjusted according to shift reports, real-time curves, set thresholds and heat balance relationships. Instructions such as feed, primary air, secondary air, main steam pressure, steam turbine load and heating steam extraction are issued to the corresponding execution equipment.

[0003] In traditional operations, coal slime dewatering and paste preparation, storage and transportation, circulating fluidized bed combustion, and cogeneration accounting are processed in segments. The data caliber and collection time sequence are inconsistent. There is a lack of continuous correlation between moisture content, viscosity, feed fluctuations, plant power consumption, and heating demand. Adjustment is based on single-stage thresholds or report statistics. It is difficult to form a common operating constraint between paste preparation intensity, transportation status, boiler air distribution, and extraction steam load. Plant power consumption collection and standard coal consumption calculation lag behind process regulation. When coal slime quality fluctuates, control commands lag behind the fuel state change process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit, which is used to integrate coal slime dewatering and paste making, conveying and feeding, circulating fluidized bed combustion, heat and power load distribution and plant power collection into a unified process control chain, thereby reducing the problem of discontinuous operation control basis caused by inconsistent data acquisition timing, unclear standard coal consumption calculation timing, and disconnection between fuel status and heat and power load distribution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the energy efficiency operation of a coal slime cogeneration unit, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the operating data of the coal slime cogeneration unit and synchronize it into an operating data set according to the timestamp; classify the operating data set by field to generate valid operating records; Step S2: Read the initial moisture content, target paste moisture content, and dry coal slime processing capacity from the valid operation records, and calculate the dewatering load and wet-based paste yield based on the initial moisture content, target paste moisture content, and dry coal slime processing capacity; verify the processing capacity of the filter press and the receiving capacity of the finished product bin by using the dewatering load and wet-based paste yield to determine the paste production control target for the current collection cycle; Step S3: Determine the power consumption for paste preparation based on the operating status of the filter press equipment during the current collection cycle; Step S4: Collect the power consumption of ointment making, conveying equipment, boiler auxiliary equipment, steam turbine auxiliary equipment and heating system into the total plant power consumption, and verify the proportion of ointment making power consumption to the total plant power consumption. Step S5: Verify the conveying status of the coal slime paste and determine whether the coal slime paste is in a stable conveying state or a restricted conveying state. Step S6: When the coal slime paste is under restricted conveying conditions, adjust the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying cycle. Step S7: Determine the heating load and electrical load based on the heating demand; Step S8: After determining the heating load and electrical load, combine the external heat supply, power generation, power supply, plant power consumption rate, standard coal consumption for heating, standard coal consumption per unit of power supply, and total standard coal consumption to form the energy efficiency status result. Step S9: Control various operating parameters based on the energy efficiency status results.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S1 of the present invention, the process of forming the running data set includes the following steps: Step S11: Obtain corresponding operating data through various testing instruments or measuring devices; Step S12: Write the corresponding running data into the data buffer area within the same collection cycle, and generate a timestamp according to the collection time; Step S13: When the timestamp difference within any acquisition period meets the synchronization allowable range, the corresponding running data is merged into the running data set; when the timestamp difference within any acquisition period does not meet the synchronization allowable range, the data exceeding the synchronization allowable range is discarded and the corresponding running data is reacquired.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1 of the present invention, the process of classifying the fields of the running data set includes the following steps: (1) After the corresponding operation data is written into the data buffer within the same acquisition cycle, the fields are classified according to the data source and data attributes. The field classification includes coal slime fuel quality field, dewatering and paste making operation field, conveying and feeding field, boiler combustion field, thermal power load field and plant power field. (2) When all fields have valid values ​​within the same acquisition period and the field acquisition time meets the synchronization allowable range, a valid operation record is generated; (3) When any field is missing, the value exceeds the device range, or the field acquisition time does not meet the synchronization allowable range, no valid operation record is generated, and the corresponding field is re-acquired.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2 of the present invention, the dehydration load is compared with the processing capacity range of the filter press, and the wet-based paste output is compared with the receiving capacity range of the finished product silo: When the dehydration load is within the processing capacity of the filter press and the wet-based paste production is within the receiving capacity of the finished product warehouse, the target paste moisture content will be used as the paste production control target for the current collection cycle. When the dewatering load exceeds the processing capacity of the filter press, or the wet-based paste production exceeds the receiving capacity of the finished product silo, reduce the dry coal slime feed cycle and recalculate the dewatering load and wet-based paste production.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S4 of the present invention, the proportion of power consumption for ointment preparation to the total power consumption of the plant is compared with a preset power consumption proportion threshold: When the proportion of power consumption for ointment making to the total power consumption of the plant is greater than or equal to the preset power consumption ratio threshold, the ointment making operation parameters of the data collection cycle are corrected. When the proportion of power consumption for ointment making to the total power consumption of the plant is less than the preset power consumption ratio threshold, the ointment making operation parameters of the current collection cycle are maintained.

[0010] Furthermore, step S5 of the present invention specifically includes the following steps: Step S51: Extract viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate and furnace temperature from the operating data set, and compare them with the allowable ranges for viscosity, pressure, level, temporary storage time, flow rate fluctuation and furnace temperature, respectively. Step S52: When the viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate and furnace temperature all meet the corresponding allowable ranges, it is determined that the coal slime paste is in a stable conveying state. Step S53: When any of the following data does not meet the corresponding allowable range: viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate, or furnace temperature, the coal slime paste is determined to be in a restricted conveying state.

[0011] In step S6, when the coal slime paste conveying stability state is a restricted conveying state, the correction object is determined according to the determination order of viscosity, conveying pressure, feed flow rate and furnace temperature. When the viscosity is higher than the allowable viscosity range and the delivery pressure is higher than the allowable pressure range, increase the moisture content of the target paste and increase the amount of spraying agent. When the feed flow rate is lower than the allowable range for flow fluctuation and the furnace temperature is lower than the allowable range for furnace temperature, reduce the conveying cycle and extend the filter press cycle. When the coal slime paste is in a stable conveying state, the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying rhythm are maintained.

[0012] Furthermore, step S7 of the present invention specifically includes the following steps: Step S71: Extract the external steam supply, external steam supply parameters, heating demand, steam turbine inlet steam supply, power generation, coal slime calorific value, coal slime consumption, and total plant power consumption from the operating data set; Step S72: Calculate the external heat supply based on the external steam supply volume and parameters, and compare the external heat supply with the heating demand: When the external heat supply meets the heating demand, the electrical load is determined based on the steam turbine intake and power generation capacity. When the external heat supply does not meet the heating demand, the heating extraction steam parameters should be adjusted first, and the external heat supply should be recalculated after the heating extraction steam parameters are adjusted. Step S73: The recalculated external heat supply is continued to be compared with the heat demand until a judgment result of the external heat supply that can be used to determine the heat load and the electrical load is formed.

[0013] Furthermore, step S9 of the present invention specifically includes the following steps: Step S91: When the unit standard coal consumption for power supply exceeds the allowable range for power supply coal consumption and the plant power consumption rate exceeds the allowable range for plant power consumption rate, the priority adjustment targets shall be determined according to the proportion of the power consumption of paste making, the power consumption of conveying equipment, the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment and the power consumption of heating system. Step S92: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of paste making, adjust the pressing pressure and the pressure filtration cycle. Step S93: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of the conveying equipment, adjust the conveying cycle time and feed flow rate; Step S94: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment, adjust the feeding rate and air distribution parameters. Step S95: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of the heating system, adjust the steam extraction parameters for heating.

[0014] The present invention also provides an energy efficiency optimization operation system for a coal slime cogeneration unit, which is used to implement the energy efficiency optimization operation method of the coal slime cogeneration unit, including a coal slime quality acquisition unit, a dehydration and paste preparation control unit, a rheological conveying control unit, a boiler combustion control unit, a thermal and electrical load calculation unit, a plant power collection unit, an energy efficiency index calculation unit, and an operation parameter coordination unit. The coal slime quality acquisition unit is used to receive the coal slime fuel status and output the coal slime fuel status to the dehydration and paste preparation control unit and the rheological conveying control unit. The dehydration and paste-making control unit is used to generate pressure filtration and spraying control commands; The rheological conveying control unit is used to verify the conveying status of the coal slime paste and output the feed flow control parameters to the boiler combustion control unit. The plant power collection unit is used to collect the power consumption of each link into the total plant power consumption; The thermoelectric load calculation unit is used to determine the heating load and electrical load according to the heating demand. The energy efficiency index calculation unit is used to generate energy efficiency status results; The operating parameter coordination unit is used to output control commands that act on filter press, spray, conveying, feeding, air distribution, and heating steam extraction.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, by synchronizing coal slime fuel quality data, dehydration and paste-making operation data, conveying and feeding data, boiler combustion data, thermal and electrical load data, and plant power consumption data according to timestamps, a unified time sequence basis is established for paste making, conveying, combustion, and thermal and electrical distribution. Through calculations of dehydration load, paste production, and paste-making power consumption, the filtration intensity is correlated with total plant power consumption, power supply, and plant power consumption rate. By combining the calorific value of coal slime and the amount of coal slime consumed to calculate standard coal consumption, the standard coal consumption for heating and the standard coal consumption per unit of power supply are formed after the heating load and electrical load are determined. When the stability state of the coal slime paste conveying meets the preset stability limitation judgment conditions, the target paste moisture content, filtration cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying rhythm are corrected, so that changes in fuel state are incorporated into the boiler air distribution, feeding, and heating steam extraction control chain, and the energy efficiency status results form a cross-link feedback basis. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is the main flow chart of the energy efficiency optimization operation method for coal slime cogeneration units according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation of the runtime data set and the generation of valid runtime records in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the control of dehydration and paste-making and the determination of power consumption in paste-making according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the judgment and correction of the stability state of coal slime paste conveying in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the collaborative operation of the coal slime cogeneration unit energy efficiency optimization system modules in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution described in this invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments take the operation process of a coal slime cogeneration unit as the object, and use coal slime fuel quality data, dehydration and paste-making operation data, conveying and feeding data, boiler combustion data, thermal and power load data, and plant power data as a unified data basis, and focus on the process control relationship between paste making, conveying, combustion, thermal and power load distribution, and energy efficiency status feedback.

[0018] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides an energy efficiency optimization operation method for coal slime cogeneration units. This method is applicable to cogeneration units that include coal slime dewatering and paste preparation, coal slime storage and transportation, circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion, steam turbine power generation and heating, and plant power metering. Based on a time-stamped synchronized set of operating data, this method incorporates power consumption changes on the coal slime paste preparation side, stability status on the transportation side, combustion status on the boiler side, and load demand on the cogeneration side into the same control process, ensuring unified data for subsequent parameters such as filter pressing, spraying, transportation, feeding, air distribution, combustion temperature, and heating steam extraction. Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the operating data of the coal slime cogeneration unit. The operating data includes coal slime calorific value, coal slime fuel quality data, dehydration and paste production operating data, as well as coal slime consumption data, boiler combustion data, cogeneration load data, and plant power data. Synchronize the operating data set according to timestamps. Perform field classification processing on the operating data set to generate valid operating records.

[0019] In step S1, the coal slime fuel quality data is used to characterize the state of the coal slime entering the unit's fuel processing chain. This data includes at least one of the following: moisture content, viscosity, calorific value, particle size, and ash content, all related to the coal slime fuel state. The dehydration and paste-making operation data is used to characterize the operation status of the ultra-high pressure filtration, paste-making, and spraying processes. This data includes the filtration cycle time, pressing pressure, oil pump flow rate, motor power, filtration equipment operating time, and target paste moisture content. The conveying and feeding data is used to characterize the conveying status of the finished paste or coal slime fuel before it enters the boiler. This data includes coal slime consumption, feed flow rate, storage bin level, conveying pressure, and temporary storage time. The boiler combustion data is used to characterize the combustion process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. This data includes furnace temperature, boiler feed status, air distribution status, and steam parameter-related data. Thermoelectric load data is used to characterize the operating status of heating and power generation. This data includes external steam supply, external steam parameters, heating demand, turbine steam intake, and power generation. Plant power consumption data is used to characterize the power consumption of dehydration paste making, coal slime conveying, boiler auxiliaries, turbine auxiliaries, and the heating system.

[0020] In step S1, the process of forming the running data set includes the following steps: Step S11: Obtain the corresponding operating data through the moisture content detector, viscosity detector, calorific value detector, flow meter, level gauge, conveying pressure detector, furnace temperature detector, steam parameter detection instrument, heating metering instrument and electricity meter respectively.

[0021] Step S12: Each detection instrument or metering device writes the corresponding operating data into the data buffer within the same acquisition cycle. The data buffer retains the acquisition time for each corresponding piece of operating data and generates a timestamp according to the acquisition time. The timestamp is used to characterize the temporal position of data from different sources within the same acquisition cycle, so that the coal slime fuel status, paste making operation status, conveying status, boiler combustion status, thermal and power load status, and plant power status can participate in subsequent processing under the same time reference.

[0022] Step S13: Within the same acquisition cycle, if the timestamp difference within any acquisition cycle meets the synchronization allowable range, the corresponding operating data are merged into an operating data set. The synchronization allowable range is used to determine whether data from different sources can represent the operating conditions under the same operating state. When the timestamp difference is within the synchronization allowable range, it indicates that there is a time-series correspondence between the coal slime fuel quality data, dewatering and paste-making operating data, conveying and feeding data, boiler combustion data, thermal and power load data, and plant power data. If the timestamp difference within any acquisition cycle does not meet the synchronization allowable range, the data exceeding the synchronization allowable range is discarded, and the corresponding operating data is reacquired to avoid inconsistencies in subsequent judgments caused by merging operating condition data from different time points.

[0023] Step S1, the process of classifying the fields of the running data set, includes the following steps: (1) After the corresponding operating data is written into the data buffer within the same acquisition cycle, the fields are classified according to the data source and data attributes. The field classification includes the coal slime fuel quality field, the dehydration and paste making operation field, the conveying and feeding field, the boiler combustion field, the thermal and power load field, and the plant power field. The coal slime fuel quality field is used to carry data such as moisture content, viscosity, coal slime calorific value, particle size and ash content. The dehydration and paste making operation field is used to carry data such as the filter press cycle, pressing pressure, oil pump flow rate, motor power and target paste moisture content. The conveying and feeding field is used to carry data such as coal slime consumption, feed flow rate, storage bin level, conveying pressure and temporary storage time. The boiler combustion field is used to carry data such as furnace temperature and air distribution status. The thermal and power load field is used to carry data such as external steam supply, external steam supply parameters, heating demand, turbine steam supply and power generation. The plant power field is used to carry the power consumption of each link.

[0024] (2) When all fields have valid values ​​within the same acquisition cycle and the field acquisition time meets the synchronization allowable range, a valid operation record is generated. Valid values ​​refer to data with a clear data source, traceable acquisition time, not exceeding the range of the corresponding detection equipment, and capable of entering subsequent processing.

[0025] (3) If any field is missing, its value exceeds the equipment's range, or the field's acquisition time does not meet the synchronization allowable range, a valid operation record will not be generated, and the corresponding field will be re-acquired. The re-acquisition will target the fields that do not meet the validity conditions, without changing the source relationships of other fields that already meet the synchronization allowable range and equipment range conditions. Valid operation records serve as the data basis for subsequent calculations of dewatering load, paste production, paste production power consumption, coal slime paste transportation stability, heating load, electrical load, and energy efficiency status.

[0026] Step S2: Read the initial moisture content, target paste moisture content, and dry coal slime processing capacity from the valid operation records, and calculate the dewatering load and wet-based paste production based on the initial moisture content, target paste moisture content, and dry coal slime processing capacity; verify the processing capacity of the filter press and the receiving capacity of the finished product bin by using the dewatering load and wet-based paste production to determine the paste production control target for the current collection cycle.

[0027] In step S2, the initial moisture content characterizes the moisture state of the coal slime before entering the dewatering and paste-making stage; the target paste moisture content characterizes the desired moisture state of the paste after paste-making; and the dry coal slime processing capacity characterizes the coal slime processing capacity per unit time on a dry basis. The dewatering load characterizes the amount of water that needs to be removed from the coal slime per unit time, and is determined based on the moisture content difference between the initial moisture content, the target paste moisture content, and the dry coal slime processing capacity. The wet-based paste yield characterizes the amount of wet-based paste produced after dewatering and paste-making, and is determined based on the conversion relationship between the dry coal slime processing capacity and the target paste moisture content.

[0028] The dewatering load was compared with the processing capacity range of the filter press, and the wet-based paste production was compared with the receiving capacity range of the finished product silo: When the dewatering load is within the processing capacity of the filter press and the wet-based paste production is within the receiving capacity of the finished product silo, the target paste moisture content is used as the paste production control target for the current collection cycle. At this time, the target paste moisture content corresponds not only to the moisture state of the coal slime entering the paste production stage, but also to the processing boundaries of the filter press and the finished product silo.

[0029] When the dewatering load exceeds the processing capacity of the filter press, or the wet-based paste production exceeds the receiving capacity of the finished product silo, the dry coal slime feed cycle time is reduced, and the dewatering load and wet-based paste production are recalculated. After reducing the dry coal slime feed cycle time, the amount of dry coal slime entering the filter press changes, and the dewatering load and wet-based paste production are subsequently re-determined. The recalculated dewatering load and wet-based paste production continue to be compared within the capacity range until a processing result is formed that meets the paste production control target for the current collection cycle.

[0030] Step S3: After determining the paste-making control target for the current data collection period, determine the paste-making power consumption based on the operating status of the filter press equipment within the current data collection period. The paste-making power consumption originates from the electrical energy consumed by the filter press equipment during pressing, holding, return strokes, or related paste-making actions within the current data collection period. The paste-making power consumption is not presented as a separate energy efficiency result; instead, it is first included as a sub-item in the plant power consumption aggregation process and then incorporated into the subsequent total plant power consumption calculation.

[0031] In step S3, the oil pump flow rate and motor power are determined by the filter press cycle period, pressing pressure, total effective volume of the main cylinder, number of pressing actions, pressing duration, oil pump volumetric efficiency, and hydraulic transmission efficiency within the current data collection period. The total effective volume of the main cylinder characterizes the hydraulic oil working space required for the pressing action; the number of pressing actions characterizes the number of times the filter press performs the pressing action within the current data collection period; the pressing duration characterizes the length of time the pressing action occupies; and the oil pump volumetric efficiency and hydraulic transmission efficiency characterize the transmission relationship of the hydraulic system in converting the motor input into the pressing action. The oil pump flow rate, motor power, and running time are used together to determine the power consumption status of the paste-making process.

[0032] Step S4: Collect the power consumption of ointment making, conveying equipment, boiler auxiliary equipment, steam turbine auxiliary equipment and heating system into the total plant power consumption, and verify the proportion of ointment making power consumption to the total plant power consumption.

[0033] In step S4, the power consumption of the conveying equipment comes from the operating power consumption of the coal slime storage and conveying equipment; the power consumption of the boiler auxiliary equipment comes from the power consumption of the boiler feeding, air distribution, and related auxiliary equipment; the power consumption of the steam turbine auxiliary equipment comes from the power consumption of the steam turbine power generation related auxiliary equipment; and the power consumption of the heating system comes from the power consumption of the heating metering, heating transmission, or heating auxiliary equipment. The above power consumption is aggregated into total plant power consumption according to the same collection period. Total plant power consumption is used for subsequent calculations of power supply, plant power consumption rate, standard coal consumption for heating, and standard coal consumption per unit of power supply.

[0034] To ensure that the power consumption of the paste-making process is included in the unit's energy efficiency assessment, step S4 verifies the proportion of paste-making power consumption to the total plant power consumption, comparing this proportion with a preset power consumption percentage threshold. When the proportion of paste-making power consumption to the total plant power consumption is greater than or equal to the preset power consumption percentage threshold, the paste-making operating parameters are adjusted in the following order: pressing pressure, filter cycle, and dry coal slime feeding rhythm. This order limits the parameter adjustment path when paste-making power consumption is limited. First, the pressing pressure, which directly affects the pressing power requirement, is adjusted; then, the filter cycle, which affects equipment operating time, is adjusted; and finally, the dry coal slime feeding rhythm entering the filter press is adjusted. When the proportion of paste-making power consumption to the total plant power consumption is less than the preset power consumption percentage threshold, the paste-making operating parameters of the current data collection period are maintained to ensure consistency between the paste-making control target and the current power consumption status.

[0035] Step S5: Verify the conveying status of the coal slime paste to determine whether it is in a stable or restricted conveying state. This specifically includes the following steps: Step S51: Extract viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate, and furnace temperature from the operating data set, and compare them with the allowable ranges for viscosity, pressure, level, temporary storage time, flow fluctuation, and furnace temperature, respectively. The allowable range for viscosity is used to determine whether the coal slime paste is in a conveyable state; the allowable range for pressure is used to determine the pressure state of the conveying pipeline or conveying equipment; the allowable range for level is used to determine the feeding state of the paste in the storage silo; the allowable range for temporary storage time is used to determine the impact of paste settling on conveying flowability; the allowable range for flow fluctuation is used to determine the continuity of feeding; and the allowable range for furnace temperature is used to determine the matching relationship between the boiler combustion state and the feeding state.

[0036] Step S52: When the viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate, and furnace temperature all meet the corresponding allowable ranges, the coal slime paste is determined to be in a stable conveying state. A stable conveying state indicates that the coal slime paste can enter the feeding and combustion control process according to the predetermined conveying rhythm within the current acquisition cycle. When the coal slime paste conveying stability state is stable, the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying rhythm are maintained. Under stable conveying conditions, no limiting corrections are triggered, allowing the paste preparation and conveying processes to continue operating according to the control targets determined in the current acquisition cycle.

[0037] Step S53: When any of the following data—viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate, or furnace temperature—does not meet the corresponding allowable range, the coal slime paste is determined to be in a restricted conveying state. After entering the subsequent correction process, the correction target is determined according to the judgment order of viscosity, conveying pressure, feed flow rate, and furnace temperature. This judgment order ensures that rheological state, conveying resistance, feed continuity, and combustion response participate in the control decision in sequence.

[0038] Step S6: When the coal slime paste is in a restricted conveying state and meets the preset stability restriction judgment conditions, adjust the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage and conveying rhythm.

[0039] In step S6, when the coal slime paste conveying stability is in a restricted conveying state, the relationship between viscosity and the allowable viscosity range is first determined, then the relationship between conveying pressure and the allowable pressure range is determined, then the relationship between feed flow rate and the allowable flow rate fluctuation range is determined, and finally the relationship between furnace temperature and the allowable furnace temperature range is determined.

[0040] The preset stability limitation judgment conditions are: viscosity exceeding the allowable viscosity range, conveying pressure exceeding the allowable pressure range, feed flow rate exceeding the allowable flow fluctuation range, or furnace temperature exceeding the allowable furnace temperature range.

[0041] If the viscosity is higher than the allowable viscosity range and the conveying pressure is higher than the allowable pressure range, then the moisture content of the target paste should be increased and the amount of spray agent should be increased. Increasing the moisture content of the target paste is used to change the moisture state of the paste before it enters the conveying stage, and increasing the amount of spray agent is used to adjust the rheological state of the paste in conjunction with the paste-making process, so that the subsequent conveying pressure can return to the control range corresponding to the allowable pressure range.

[0042] If the feed flow rate is below the allowable range for flow fluctuation and the furnace temperature is below the allowable range for furnace temperature, the conveying cycle time is reduced and the filter press cycle is extended. Reducing the conveying cycle time is used to decrease unstable feed disturbances input to the boiler side under constrained conditions, and extending the filter press cycle is used to match the output state of the paste preparation side with the receiving capacity of subsequent conveying and combustion stages. The above correction actions do not change the timing basis of the operational data set formed in step S1, but rather control and adjust the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying cycle time within the current acquisition period represented by the operational data set.

[0043] Step S7: Determine the heating load and electrical load based on the principle of "heat-driven electricity supply" according to the heating demand. This includes the following steps: Step S71: Extract the external steam supply, external steam parameters, heating demand, turbine steam inlet flow, power generation, coal slime calorific value, coal slime consumption, and total plant electricity consumption from the operating data set. The external steam supply and external steam parameters are used to calculate the external heating capacity; the heating demand is used to determine the required heat load conditions on the heating side; the turbine steam inlet flow and power generation are used to determine the electrical load; the coal slime calorific value and coal slime consumption are used to calculate the total standard coal consumption; and the total plant electricity consumption is used to calculate the power supply and plant power consumption rate.

[0044] Step S72: Calculate the external heat supply based on the external steam supply volume and parameters, and compare the external heat supply with the heating demand. When the external heat supply meets the heating demand, determine the electrical load based on the turbine steam inlet volume and power generation. Meeting the heating demand indicates that the heating side has reached the heating boundary in the heat-driven power control system; the electrical load can be determined under this heating boundary by combining the turbine steam inlet volume and power generation. When the external heat supply does not meet the heating demand, prioritize adjusting the heating extraction steam parameters, and recalculate the external heat supply after adjusting the heating extraction steam parameters.

[0045] Step S73: The recalculated external heat supply is continued to be compared with the heat demand until a judgment result of the external heat supply that can be used to determine the heat load and the electrical load is formed.

[0046] Step S8: After determining the heating load and electrical load, the energy efficiency status result is formed by combining the external heat supply, power generation, power supply, plant power consumption rate, standard coal consumption for heating, standard coal consumption per unit of power supply, and total standard coal consumption.

[0047] In step S8, the power supply is determined based on the deduction relationship between power generation and total plant power consumption, and the plant power consumption rate is determined based on the ratio between total plant power consumption and power generation. The total standard coal consumption is calculated based on the calorific value and consumption of coal slime. The calculation process is based on the heat input of coal slime fuel within the statistical period, ensuring that fuel quality and consumption status are both included in the standard coal consumption calculation chain. The standard coal consumption for heating is determined based on the total standard coal consumption and the energy allocation relationship on the heating side, while the standard coal consumption per unit of power supply is determined based on the allocation relationship between power supply and the standard coal consumption on the power generation side.

[0048] The energy efficiency status result is not generated directly from a single data point, but rather after the heating and electrical loads have been determined, combined with the total plant electricity consumption, the calorific value of coal slime, and the amount of coal slime consumed. This processing sequence ensures that the standard coal consumption calculation is performed after the heating and electrical loads are determined, avoiding premature judgments based on the standard coal consumption being out of sync with the heating and electrical load status.

[0049] Step S9: Control the operating parameters of filter press, spraying, conveying, feeding, air distribution, combustion temperature, and heating steam extraction based on the energy efficiency status results. This specifically includes the following steps: Step S91: When the unit standard coal consumption for power supply exceeds the allowable range for power supply coal consumption and the plant power consumption rate exceeds the allowable range for plant power consumption rate, the priority adjustment targets are determined according to the proportions of the power consumption of grease making, the power consumption of conveying equipment, the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment, and the power consumption of the heating system. The power consumption of grease making, the power consumption of conveying equipment, the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment, and the power consumption of the heating system are all from the plant power consumption collection results within the same collection period. The proportion of each sub-item power consumption is used to identify the links that have a greater impact on the plant power consumption rate and the unit standard coal consumption for power supply in the current energy efficiency status results.

[0050] Step S92: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption for paste production, adjust the pressing pressure and the filter cycle. The pressing pressure affects the power requirement of the filter press when performing the paste production operation, and the filter cycle affects the continuous equipment operation time occupied in the paste production process. By adjusting the pressing pressure and the filter cycle, the power consumption for paste production is incorporated into the overall plant power consumption feedback control chain.

[0051] Step S93: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of the conveying equipment, adjust the conveying cycle time and feed flow rate. The conveying cycle time affects the operating load of coal slime paste in the storage and conveying process, while the feed flow rate affects the continuity of fuel input on the boiler side. By adjusting the conveying cycle time and feed flow rate, a corresponding control relationship is established between the power consumption of the conveying equipment and the stability of the coal slime paste conveying process.

[0052] Step S94: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment, adjust the feed rate and air distribution parameters. The feed rate is used to regulate the coal slime fuel input into the circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the air distribution parameters are used to regulate the combustion air distribution state, such as primary air and secondary air. By adjusting the feed rate and air distribution parameters, a control linkage is formed between the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment, furnace temperature, and combustion state.

[0053] Step S95: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of the heating system, correct the heating extraction steam parameters. The heating extraction steam parameters participate in the heating load determination process and also affect the energy consumption allocation on the heating side. By correcting the heating extraction steam parameters, a feedback relationship is established between the power consumption of the heating system, the heating load, and the energy efficiency status results.

[0054] Please see Figure 5 This embodiment also provides an energy efficiency optimization operation system for a coal slime cogeneration unit. This system provides support for the aforementioned energy efficiency optimization operation method for coal slime cogeneration units. The energy efficiency optimization operation system for coal slime cogeneration units includes a coal slime quality acquisition unit, a dewatering and paste-making control unit, a rheological conveying control unit, a boiler combustion control unit, a thermal and electrical load calculation unit, a plant power collection unit, an energy efficiency index calculation unit, and an operating parameter coordination unit.

[0055] The coal slime quality acquisition unit receives data on moisture content, viscosity, calorific value, particle size, ash content, flow rate, material level, and conveying pressure, and outputs the coal slime fuel state to the dewatering and paste-making control unit and the rheological conveying control unit. The data received by the coal slime quality acquisition unit corresponds to the coal slime fuel quality data and part of the conveying and feeding data in this embodiment. The coal slime fuel state serves as a common input for paste-making control and conveying stability judgment.

[0056] The dehydration and paste-making control unit generates filtration and spraying control commands based on the dehydration load, paste yield, filtration cycle, pressing pressure, oil pump flow rate, and motor power. The control unit receives coal slime fuel status output from the coal slime quality acquisition unit and feedback from the energy efficiency index calculation unit or operating parameter coordination unit regarding paste-making control requirements, ensuring that the filtration cycle, pressing pressure, spraying agent dosage, and paste-making power consumption are all within the same control chain.

[0057] The rheological conveying control unit establishes a conveying stability state based on the state of the coal slime fuel and outputs feed flow control parameters to the boiler combustion control unit. The rheological conveying control unit receives data such as viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, storage time, and feed flow rate, and establishes a stable or restricted conveying state based on the corresponding allowable range. The feed flow control parameters serve as input to the boiler combustion control unit, enabling the coal slime conveying stability state to be incorporated into the boiler feed control and air distribution control processes.

[0058] The boiler combustion control unit receives feed flow control parameters and, in conjunction with furnace temperature and air distribution conditions, establishes a control relationship between feed rate, air distribution parameters, and combustion temperature. The output of the boiler combustion control unit acts on the feeding and air distribution processes, enabling seamless integration between boiler combustion data and feed delivery data.

[0059] The plant power consumption aggregation unit is used to aggregate the power consumption of each stage into the total plant power consumption. This unit receives power consumption data from paste making, conveying equipment, boiler auxiliary equipment, steam turbine auxiliary equipment, and the heating system, and aggregates these power consumptions according to the same collection cycle. The total plant power consumption is then output to the energy efficiency index calculation unit for calculating power supply, plant power consumption rate, standard coal consumption for heating, and standard coal consumption per unit of power supply.

[0060] The heat and power load calculation unit determines the heating load and electrical load based on the heating demand. It receives the external steam supply, external steam parameters, heating demand, turbine steam intake, and power generation, and first determines the heating load according to the principle of determining power based on heat demand, then determines the electrical load by combining the turbine steam intake and power generation. The heating load and electrical load are output to the energy efficiency index calculation unit, serving as the load basis for the energy efficiency status results.

[0061] The energy efficiency index calculation unit generates energy efficiency status results based on heat supply, power generation, total plant power consumption, calorific value of coal slime, coal slime consumption, and standard coal consumption. The calorific value and consumption of coal slime are used to calculate the total standard coal consumption, total plant power consumption is used to calculate power supply and plant power consumption rate, and heat supply and power generation are used to allocate these figures to standard coal consumption. The energy efficiency status results are output to the operating parameter coordination unit.

[0062] The operation parameter coordination unit outputs control commands to filter press, spraying, conveying, feeding, air distribution, and heating steam extraction based on the energy efficiency status results. The operation parameter coordination unit determines the priority adjustment targets based on the unit coal consumption per unit of power supply and the plant power consumption rate in the energy efficiency status results, combined with the power consumption ratio of each link, and issues control commands to the corresponding execution links of the dehydration paste-making control unit, rheological conveying control unit, boiler combustion control unit, and thermal load calculation unit. Through data transmission and control integration between the above modules, steps S1 to S9 in the system embodiment and method embodiment form a corresponding relationship.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the operating data of the coal slime cogeneration unit and synchronize it into an operating data set according to the timestamp; classify the operating data set by field to generate valid operating records; Step S2: Read the initial moisture content, target paste moisture content, and dry coal slime processing capacity from the valid operation records, and calculate the dewatering load and wet-based paste yield based on the initial moisture content, target paste moisture content, and dry coal slime processing capacity; verify the processing capacity of the filter press and the receiving capacity of the finished product bin by using the dewatering load and wet-based paste yield to determine the paste production control target for the current collection cycle; Step S3: Determine the power consumption for paste preparation based on the operating status of the filter press equipment during the current collection cycle; Step S4: Collect the power consumption of ointment making, conveying equipment, boiler auxiliary equipment, steam turbine auxiliary equipment and heating system into the total plant power consumption, and verify the proportion of ointment making power consumption to the total plant power consumption. Step S5: Verify the conveying status of the coal slime paste and determine whether the coal slime paste is in a stable conveying state or a restricted conveying state. Step S6: When the coal slime paste is under restricted conveying conditions, adjust the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying cycle. Step S7: Determine the heating load and electrical load based on the heating demand; Step S8: After determining the heating load and electrical load, combine the external heat supply, power generation, power supply, plant power consumption rate, standard coal consumption for heating, standard coal consumption per unit of power supply, and total standard coal consumption to form the energy efficiency status result. Step S9: Control various operating parameters based on the energy efficiency status results.

2. The energy efficiency optimization operation method for coal slime cogeneration units according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the process of forming the running data set includes the following steps: Step S11: Obtain corresponding operating data through various testing instruments or measuring devices; Step S12: Write the corresponding running data into the data buffer area within the same collection cycle, and generate a timestamp according to the collection time; Step S13: When the timestamp difference within any acquisition period meets the synchronization allowable range, the corresponding running data is merged into the running data set; when the timestamp difference within any acquisition period does not meet the synchronization allowable range, the data exceeding the synchronization allowable range is discarded and the corresponding running data is reacquired.

3. The method for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S1, the process of classifying the fields of the running data set, includes the following steps: (1) After the corresponding operation data is written into the data buffer within the same acquisition cycle, the fields are classified according to the data source and data attributes. The field classification includes coal slime fuel quality field, dewatering and paste making operation field, conveying and feeding field, boiler combustion field, thermal power load field and plant power field. (2) When all fields have valid values ​​within the same acquisition period and the field acquisition time meets the synchronization allowable range, a valid operation record is generated; (3) When any field is missing, the value exceeds the device range, or the field acquisition time does not meet the synchronization allowable range, no valid operation record is generated, and the corresponding field is re-acquired.

4. The energy efficiency optimization operation method for coal slime cogeneration units according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the dewatering load is compared with the processing capacity range of the filter press, and the wet-based paste output is compared with the receiving capacity range of the finished product silo. When the dehydration load is within the processing capacity of the filter press and the wet-based paste production is within the receiving capacity of the finished product warehouse, the target paste moisture content will be used as the paste production control target for the current collection cycle. When the dewatering load exceeds the processing capacity of the filter press, or the wet-based paste production exceeds the receiving capacity of the finished product silo, reduce the dry coal slime feed cycle and recalculate the dewatering load and wet-based paste production.

5. The energy efficiency optimization operation method for coal slime cogeneration units according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the proportion of power consumption for ointment preparation to total plant power consumption is compared with a preset power consumption percentage threshold: When the proportion of power consumption for ointment making to the total power consumption of the plant is greater than or equal to the preset power consumption ratio threshold, the ointment making operation parameters of the data collection cycle are corrected. When the proportion of power consumption for ointment making to the total power consumption of the plant is less than the preset power consumption ratio threshold, the ointment making operation parameters of the current collection cycle are maintained.

6. The method for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 specifically includes the following steps: Step S51: Extract viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate and furnace temperature from the operating data set, and compare them with the allowable ranges for viscosity, pressure, level, temporary storage time, flow rate fluctuation and furnace temperature, respectively. Step S52: When the viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate and furnace temperature all meet the corresponding allowable ranges, it is determined that the coal slime paste is in a stable conveying state. Step S53: When any of the following data does not meet the corresponding allowable range: viscosity, conveying pressure, storage level, temporary storage time, feed flow rate, or furnace temperature, the coal slime paste is determined to be in a restricted conveying state.

7. The method for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S6, when the coal slime paste conveying stability state is a restricted conveying state, the correction object is determined according to the determination order of viscosity, conveying pressure, feed flow rate and furnace temperature. When the viscosity is higher than the allowable viscosity range and the delivery pressure is higher than the allowable pressure range, increase the moisture content of the target paste and increase the amount of spraying agent. When the feed flow rate is lower than the allowable range for flow fluctuation and the furnace temperature is lower than the allowable range for furnace temperature, reduce the conveying cycle and extend the filter press cycle. When the coal slime paste is in a stable conveying state, the target paste moisture content, filter press cycle, spray agent dosage, and conveying rhythm are maintained.

8. The method for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S7 specifically includes the following steps: Step S71: Extract the external steam supply, external steam supply parameters, heating demand, steam turbine inlet steam supply, power generation, coal slime calorific value, coal slime consumption, and total plant power consumption from the operating data set; Step S72: Calculate the external heat supply based on the external steam supply volume and parameters, and compare the external heat supply with the heating demand: When the external heat supply meets the heating demand, the electrical load is determined based on the steam turbine intake and power generation capacity. When the external heat supply does not meet the heating demand, the heating extraction steam parameters should be adjusted first, and the external heat supply should be recalculated after the heating extraction steam parameters are adjusted. Step S73: The recalculated external heat supply is continued to be compared with the heat demand until a judgment result of the external heat supply that can be used to determine the heat load and the electrical load is formed.

9. The method for optimizing the energy efficiency of a coal slime cogeneration unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S9 specifically includes the following steps: Step S91: When the unit standard coal consumption for power supply exceeds the allowable range for power supply coal consumption and the plant power consumption rate exceeds the allowable range for plant power consumption rate, the priority adjustment targets shall be determined according to the proportion of the power consumption of paste making, the power consumption of conveying equipment, the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment and the power consumption of heating system. Step S92: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of paste making, adjust the pressing pressure and the pressure filtration cycle. Step S93: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of the conveying equipment, adjust the conveying cycle time and feed flow rate; Step S94: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of boiler auxiliary equipment, adjust the feeding rate and air distribution parameters. Step S95: When the priority adjustment target is the power consumption of the heating system, adjust the steam extraction parameters for heating.

10. A coal slime cogeneration unit energy efficiency optimization operation system, used to implement the coal slime cogeneration unit energy efficiency optimization operation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes a coal slime quality acquisition unit, a dewatering and paste-making control unit, a rheological conveying control unit, a boiler combustion control unit, a thermal and electrical load calculation unit, a plant power collection unit, an energy efficiency index calculation unit, and an operating parameter coordination unit; The coal slime quality acquisition unit is used to receive the coal slime fuel status and output the coal slime fuel status to the dehydration and paste preparation control unit and the rheological conveying control unit. The dehydration and paste-making control unit is used to generate pressure filtration and spraying control commands; The rheological conveying control unit is used to verify the conveying status of the coal slime paste and output the feed flow control parameters to the boiler combustion control unit. The plant power collection unit is used to collect the power consumption of each link into the total plant power consumption. The thermoelectric load calculation unit is used to determine the heating load and electrical load according to the heating demand. The energy efficiency index calculation unit is used to generate energy efficiency status results; The operating parameter coordination unit is used to output control commands that act on filter press, spray, conveying, feeding, air distribution, and heating steam extraction.

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