Cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control

Abstract

The application discloses a cable trench dehumidification control device based on a PID algorithm and multi-stage control, relates to the technical field of cable trench dehumidification, and comprises a dehumidification device body, a multi-stage adjusting mechanism arranged on the outer side of the dehumidification device body, and an auxiliary maintenance mechanism arranged in the dehumidification device body. In the application, the multi-stage adjusting mechanism is arranged to realize accurate and dynamic control of the air inlet flow, which is the core of efficient and energy-saving operation of the device. Specifically, a sensing and decision system formed by a humidity sensor and a strategy controller can output a control instruction in real time according to the environmental humidity, a controller assembly and an execution module drive a first motor to work, a transmission system formed by a first transmission wheel, a transmission belt and a second transmission wheel accurately drives a transmission rod and a second bevel gear to rotate, and then the opening of an adjusting vane fixedly connected with the first bevel gear is adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable trench dehumidification technology, specifically to a cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control. Background Technology

[0002] As a key channel for laying power cables, the humidity inside cable trenches directly affects the lifespan of cable insulation and the safety of power grid operation. Excessive humidity can cause serious faults such as cable insulation aging, corrosion of metal components, and even partial discharge. Therefore, effective dehumidification is an important part of the operation and maintenance of power facilities.

[0003] In practice, some problems still exist:

[0004] Currently, most common cable trench dehumidification devices use fixed-speed fans or simple start-stop dehumidifiers, which have relatively crude control methods. For example, the fan is started and stopped by controlling the humidity threshold. This method is prone to causing the equipment to frequently operate at the critical point, which not only results in high energy consumption but also large temperature and humidity fluctuations and poor control effect. Some improved solutions have introduced on-off control or simple proportional (P) control, which has alleviated the problem of frequent start and stop to some extent, but still has disadvantages such as large static error, slow response, and weak anti-interference ability. It is difficult to achieve accurate and stable humidity control under complex and ever-changing actual working conditions such as groundwater leakage and weather influence.

[0005] Furthermore, existing dehumidification devices generally lack effective self-maintenance functions. Their air inlet filters are easily clogged in the dusty environment of cable trenches, leading to a decrease in air intake, a sharp reduction in dehumidification efficiency, and an increase in fan load. Currently, this problem relies entirely on manual periodic inspections and cleaning, which not only results in high maintenance costs but also makes it difficult to guarantee timeliness. Often, due to untimely maintenance, the equipment operates in an inefficient and high-energy-consuming state for a long time, or even gets damaged due to fan overload. This is far from the requirements of smart grids for equipment maintenance with minimal human intervention and controllable status. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address this issue, the present invention provides a cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control, in order to solve the problems of crude control, lack of self-maintenance, and inability to meet the needs of intelligent operation and maintenance in the existing dehumidification devices.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control includes a dehumidification device body, a multi-stage adjustment mechanism on the outside of the dehumidification device body, and an auxiliary maintenance mechanism inside the dehumidification device body.

[0009] The multi-stage adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment blade, a transmission rod, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a protective box. The adjustment blade is connected to the inner bearing of the protective box. The first bevel gear is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment blade. The bottom end of the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the transmission rod. The top end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective box.

[0010] The auxiliary maintenance mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a first lead screw, a second lead screw, a support, and a cleaning wiper. The second gear meshes between the two first gears. The bottom ends of the two first gears are respectively fixedly connected to the first lead screw and the second lead screw. The outer sides of the first lead screw and the outer sides of the second lead screw are both threadedly connected to the support. The inner sides of the two supports are both engaged with the cleaning wiper.

[0011] Furthermore, a controller assembly is fixedly connected to the middle of one side wall of the dehumidifier body, and a humidity sensor is fixedly connected to one side wall of the dehumidifier body.

[0012] Furthermore: a fan is connected to the inner wall of the dehumidifier body, and the protective box is fixedly connected to the front of the dehumidifier body.

[0013] Furthermore, a first motor is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective box, and a first transmission wheel and a second transmission wheel are rotatably connected to the inner side of the protective box.

[0014] Furthermore: the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected by a transmission belt, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the second transmission wheel, and the top end of the first transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod.

[0015] Furthermore, a second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the dehumidification device body, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second gear.

[0016] Furthermore, the top ends of both first gears are rotatably connected to limit rods, and the top ends of both limit rods are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dehumidification device body.

[0017] Furthermore: an installation frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the dehumidification device body, a filter screen is connected to the outer side of the installation frame, and the inner side of the cleaning wipe plate is attached to the inner side of the filter screen.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of each of the two supports is slidably connected to both sides of the inner wall of the dehumidifier body, and a strategy controller and an execution module are respectively connected inside the dehumidifier body.

[0019] Furthermore: the humidity sensor is electrically connected to the strategy controller, the strategy controller is electrically connected to the controller assembly, the controller assembly is electrically connected to the execution module, and the execution module is electrically connected to the first motor, the second motor, and the fan, respectively.

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This invention achieves precise and dynamic control of the air intake flow by setting up a multi-stage adjustment mechanism. This is the core of the device's efficient and energy-saving operation. Specifically, the perception and decision-making system composed of a humidity sensor and a strategy controller can output control commands in real time according to the ambient humidity. The controller assembly and execution module drive the first motor to work. Through the transmission system composed of the first transmission wheel, transmission belt, and second transmission wheel, the transmission rod and the second bevel gear are precisely driven to rotate, thereby adjusting the opening of the adjustment blades fixedly connected to the first bevel gear. Under the coordination of multi-stage control logic and PID algorithm, this mechanism can steplessly adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct according to different working conditions such as rapid dehumidification or precise constant humidity. Thus, while meeting the dehumidification requirements, it avoids the fan and dehumidification body from operating at high load when approaching the target humidity, significantly reducing energy consumption and demonstrating the superiority of intelligent control.

[0022] 2. This invention effectively solves the long-standing maintenance pain point of reduced dehumidification efficiency due to dust accumulation and blockage of the filter screen by integrating an auxiliary maintenance mechanism. This improves the self-maintenance capability and reliability of the equipment. The mechanism is driven by a second motor, which synchronously meshes with two first gears through a second gear, driving the first and second lead screws to rotate synchronously. The support that is threaded with the lead screw moves horizontally under the auxiliary support of the limit rod, driving the cleaning wiper plate that engages on its inner side to reciprocate to wipe the filter screen in the mounting frame. This design realizes automatic timed or on-demand cleaning of dust accumulation on the filter screen, ensuring that the air intake channel remains unobstructed. This not only keeps the dehumidification device in optimal working condition and ensures stable dehumidification effect, but also significantly reduces the workload of manual inspection and filter cleaning, thus reducing long-term maintenance costs.

[0023] 3. This invention deeply integrates a multi-stage adjustment mechanism, an auxiliary maintenance mechanism, and a PID-based intelligent control system to form a highly efficient, stable, and autonomous operating system. The humidity sensor provides real-time feedback, the strategy controller integrates the PID algorithm for intelligent decision-making, the controller assembly coordinates commands, and the execution module synchronously drives the first motor to adjust the air volume, control the fan, and drive the second motor for self-cleaning. All mechanical components and electrical units are linked in an orderly manner under the control logic, enabling the device to not only adapt to environmental changes to achieve precise dehumidification, but also autonomously complete key maintenance actions.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting blade part of the cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This invention relates to a cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the filter screen portion of the cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This invention relates to a cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control. Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0032] Figure 7 This invention relates to a cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control. Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Dehumidifier body; 2. Controller assembly; 3. Multi-stage adjustment mechanism; 301. Protective box; 302. Adjusting blades; 303. Transmission rod; 304. First bevel gear; 305. Second bevel gear; 306. First motor; 307. Transmission belt; 308. First transmission wheel; 309. Second transmission wheel; 4. Humidity sensor; 5. Auxiliary maintenance mechanism; 501. Mounting frame; 502. Filter screen; 503. Second motor; 504. Limit rod; 505. First lead screw; 506. First gear; 507. Second gear; 508. Second lead screw; 509. Support; 510. Cleaning wiper; 6. Fan; 7. Strategy controller; 8. Execution module. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely for further explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Technical engineers in the field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described content. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figures 1-7 As shown, the cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control includes a dehumidification device body 1, a multi-stage adjustment mechanism 3 on the outside of the dehumidification device body 1, and an auxiliary maintenance mechanism 5 inside the dehumidification device body 1.

[0037] The multi-stage adjustment mechanism 3 includes an adjustment blade 302, a transmission rod 303, a first bevel gear 304, a second bevel gear 305, and a protective box 301. The adjustment blade 302 is connected to the inner bearing of the protective box 301. The first bevel gear 304 is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment blade 302. The bottom end of the first bevel gear 304 meshes with the second bevel gear 305. The second bevel gear 305 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the transmission rod 303. The top end of the transmission rod 303 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective box 301.

[0038] The auxiliary maintenance mechanism 5 includes a first gear 506, a second gear 507, a first lead screw 505, a second lead screw 508, a support 509, and a cleaning wiper 510. The second gear 507 meshes between the two first gears 506. The bottom ends of the two first gears 506 are respectively fixedly connected to the first lead screw 505 and the second lead screw 508. The outer sides of the first lead screw 505 and the outer sides of the second lead screw 508 are threadedly connected to the support 509. The inner sides of the two supports 509 are engaged with the cleaning wiper 510.

[0039] Among the aforementioned components, the multi-stage adjustment mechanism 3 is the key execution unit for realizing dynamic control of the air intake flow. Its working principle is that the humidity sensor 4 monitors environmental data in real time and uploads it to the strategy controller 7. The multi-stage control logic and PID algorithm integrated inside the controller perform real-time calculations based on the deviation between the current humidity value and the set target and output control commands. These commands are coordinated by the controller assembly 2 and sent to the execution module 8. The execution module 8 drives the first motor 306 to rotate. The output shaft of the first motor 306 directly drives the second transmission wheel 309 to rotate. The power is synchronously transmitted to the first transmission wheel 308 through the transmission belt 307, which in turn drives the transmission rod 303 and the second bevel gear 305 fixed thereto to rotate. The second bevel gear 305 meshes with and drives the first bevel gear 304 at the shaft end of the adjusting blade 302. Finally, the rotational motion of the motor is precisely converted into the opening and closing angle change of the adjusting blade 302 in the protective box 301, thereby realizing continuous and stepless precise adjustment of the air flow entering the dehumidification device body 1 to adapt to different dehumidification needs. The fan 6 works in coordination according to the commands to complete the air circulation and exchange.

[0040] A controller assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of one side wall of the dehumidifier body 1, and a humidity sensor 4 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the dehumidifier body 1.

[0041] Among the aforementioned components, the humidity sensor 4 and the controller assembly 2 constitute the sensing and control center of the entire device. Its working principle is that the humidity sensor 4 continuously collects the humidity analog signal in the cable trench and converts it into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the strategy controller 7. The strategy controller 7 has a multi-stage control strategy and PID control algorithm pre-set inside. When the humidity exceeds the high limit set value, the system will skip the PID adjustment and directly enter the fast dehumidification mode and send the maximum output command to the controller assembly 2. When the humidity is within the control range, the strategy controller 7 starts the PID algorithm to perform proportional, integral and derivative operations based on the real-time deviation and outputs a continuously changing control quantity. The controller assembly 2 is responsible for coordinating the priority and logical order of each command and sending the final action command to the execution module 8. At the same time, the controller assembly 2 also has human-machine interaction functions such as parameter setting, status display and fault alarm.

[0042] A fan 6 is connected to the inner wall of the dehumidifier body 1, and a protective box 301 is fixedly connected to the front of the dehumidifier body 1.

[0043] Among the aforementioned components, the arrangement of the fan 6 and the protective box 301 constitutes the core airflow channel of the device. Its working principle is that the protective box 301 is fixedly installed on the front of the air inlet of the dehumidifier body 1 to form a controlled air duct. The air intake, which is precisely controlled by the adjusting blades 302, is drawn into the dehumidifier body 1 under the negative pressure generated by the fan 6. The fan 6, as the main power source, can be controlled by the execution module 8 for its start-up, shutdown and speed. Under the multi-stage control strategy, when rapid dehumidification is required, the execution module 8 controls the fan 6 to run at a higher speed while adjusting the blades 302 to the maximum to introduce the maximum air volume. When in the PID precise control stage, the fan 6 may run at a lower speed while the adjusting blades 302 are finely adjusted according to the algorithm output to maintain a stable and energy-saving air circulation flow, thereby ensuring the balance between dehumidification efficiency and energy consumption under different operating conditions.

[0044] A first motor 306 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective box 301, and a first transmission wheel 308 and a second transmission wheel 309 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the protective box 301.

[0045] In the aforementioned components, the first motor 306, the first transmission wheel 308, and the second transmission wheel 309 constitute the power and transmission part of the drive system for the adjusting blade 302. Its working principle is that the first motor 306, as the drive source, begins to rotate after receiving the control signal from the execution module 8. Its output shaft is fixedly connected to the second transmission wheel 309, directly driving the second transmission wheel 309 to rotate. The first transmission wheel 308 is connected to the second transmission wheel 309 via a transmission belt 307, thus achieving non-contact synchronous power transmission. This belt drive method has a certain buffering and overload protection function. The rotational motion of the first transmission wheel 308 is directly transmitted to the transmission rod 303 fixedly connected to its top, thereby converting the motor's power into the rotational motion of the transmission rod 303. This provides direct and controllable input power for the subsequent bevel gear set to change the transmission direction and drive the adjusting blade 302. The design of the entire transmission chain ensures that the angle control of the adjusting blade 302 has rapid response and sufficient execution accuracy.

[0046] The first transmission wheel 308 and the second transmission wheel 309 are connected by a transmission belt 307. The output end of the first motor 306 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second transmission wheel 309, and the top end of the first transmission wheel 308 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod 303.

[0047] In the aforementioned components, the connection between the transmission belt 307, the first motor 306, and the transmission rod 303 specifically realizes the power transmission path. Its working principle is that after the first motor 306 starts, its output shaft drives the second transmission wheel 309 to rotate. The second transmission wheel 309 transmits the rotational motion and torque to the first transmission wheel 308 through the transmission belt 307 surrounding it. Due to the action of the tight side and the loose side of the transmission belt 307, the first transmission wheel 308 rotates with the same angular velocity but in the same direction. The transmission rod 303, which is fixed to the top of the first transmission wheel 308, rotates synchronously. The second bevel gear 305, which is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the transmission rod 303, thus obtains rotational power. This transmission method allows the drive motor to be installed in a fixed position on the side wall of the protective box 301 without having to be arranged coaxially with the transmission rod 303, thereby optimizing space utilization. At the same time, the elasticity of the transmission belt 307 can absorb the impact of motor start-up and stop and sudden load changes to a certain extent, protecting mechanical components and making the movement of the adjusting blade 302 smoother.

[0048] A second motor 503 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the dehumidifier body 1, and the output end of the second motor 503 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second gear 507.

[0049] In the aforementioned components, the connection between the second motor 503 and the second gear 507 constitutes the drive core of the auxiliary maintenance mechanism 5. Its working principle is that when the control system triggers the filter cleaning program based on the timing signal or the pressure difference of the fan 6, the execution module 8 sends an operation command to the second motor 503. The output shaft of the second motor 503 directly drives the second gear 507 to rotate. The second gear 507, as an active gear, meshes with the two first gears 506 on the left and right sides. Therefore, the rotation of the second gear 507 will synchronously drive the two first gears 506 to rotate in opposite directions. This design ensures that the two lead screws connected later can move synchronously and symmetrically, thereby driving the two supports 509 on the left and right sides to move towards or away from each other to realize the reciprocating wiping action of the cleaning wiping plate 510 on the filter plate 502. The start, stop and direction of the second motor 503 are precisely controlled by the execution module 8, thereby controlling the cleaning stroke and frequency.

[0050] The top ends of the two first gears 506 are rotatably connected to limit rods 504, and the top ends of the two limit rods 504 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dehumidification device body 1.

[0051] In the aforementioned components, the connection between the limiting rod 504, the first gear 506, and the dehumidifier body 1 provides crucial support and guidance for the auxiliary maintenance mechanism 5. Its working principle involves the top journals of the two first gears 506 being rotatably connected to the lower ends of the two limiting rods 504, while the upper ends of the limiting rods 504 are rotatably connected to the inner wall top plate of the dehumidifier body 1. This arrangement ensures that when the first gear 506 rotates under the drive of the second gear 507, its own axial position is constrained by the limiting rods 504, preventing radial movement and thus maintaining a constant meshing center distance with the second gear 507. Simultaneously, the limiting rods 504 bear the radial force and part of the axial force transmitted from the first gear 506 and transfer it to the robust structure of the dehumidifier body 1. This ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the meshing transmission between the first gear 506 and the second gear 507, thereby ensuring the synchronization of the rotation of the first lead screw 505 and the second lead screw 508, making the linear movement of the support 509 more precise and reliable.

[0052] An installation frame 501 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the dehumidifier body 1, and a filter screen 502 is connected to the outer side of the installation frame 501. The inner side of the cleaning wipe plate 510 is attached to the inner side of the filter screen 502.

[0053] In the aforementioned components, the cooperation between the mounting frame 501, the filter screen 502, and the cleaning wiper 510 defines the specific position and method of cleaning execution. The working principle is that the mounting frame 501 is fixed within the air inlet channel of the dehumidifier body 1 for mounting and fixing the filter screen 502. The filter screen 502 is responsible for filtering dust and impurities in the intake air. The cleaning wiper 510 is mounted on both sides of the filter screen 502 via a support 509 and maintains close contact with its surface. When the second motor 503 drives the support 509 to move linearly via a gear and screw system, the cleaning wiper 510, engaged inside the support 509, scrapes along the surface of the filter screen 502, removing the dust accumulated in the mesh and restoring its permeability. The cleaning wiper 510 is made of a brush to effectively clean the dust while avoiding damage to the filter screen. The scraped-off dust can fall into the dust collection tank under gravity or be carried out by the airflow, thus achieving online automatic cleaning of the filter screen 502.

[0054] One end of each of the two supports 509 is slidably connected to both sides of the inner wall of the dehumidifier body 1. The dehumidifier body 1 is equipped with a strategy controller 7 and an execution module 8.

[0055] It should be noted that: Strategy Controller 7 calculates the control quantity according to the following PID algorithm:

[0056]

[0057] in, For humidity deviation, Set the target humidity value. This is the measured value from humidity sensor 4. , and These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients, respectively.

[0058] Furthermore, adjust the opening angle of blade 302. The rotational speed of fan 6 In control quantity After normalization, they are mapped as follows:

[0059] Adjust the target blade opening: ;

[0060] Target speed of the fan: ;

[0061] in This is a nonlinear mapping function determined based on the dehumidification efficiency curve.

[0062] In the aforementioned components, the sliding connection between the support 509 and the inner wall of the dehumidifier body 1, along with the arrangement of the strategy controller 7 and the execution module 8, jointly ensure the stability of the mechanism's movement and the overall control. The working principle is that the ends of the two supports 509 form a sliding fit with the inner wall of the dehumidifier body 1 through a sliding groove or guide rail structure. This design provides precise guidance for the linear movement of the supports 509 under the drive of the lead screw and prevents its rotation. At the same time, it bears the reaction force generated by the friction between the cleaning wipe plate 510 and the filter plate 502. The strategy controller 7 is an intelligent core integrated inside the dehumidifier body 1. It runs the control algorithm based on the signal from the humidity sensor 4. The execution module 8 serves as an electrical drive interface to receive instructions from the controller assembly 2 and directly control the power supply and signals of the first motor 306, the second motor 503, and the fan 6, thereby converting the control logic into mechanical actions.

[0063] Humidity sensor 4 is electrically connected to strategy controller 7, strategy controller 7 is electrically connected to controller assembly 2, controller assembly 2 is electrically connected to execution module 8, and execution module 8 is electrically connected to first motor 306, second motor 503 and fan 6 respectively.

[0064] In the aforementioned components, the humidity sensor 4, strategy controller 7, controller assembly 2, execution module 8, and the electrical connections between the various motors and fans 6 constitute a complete closed-loop control system. Its working principle is as follows: the humidity sensor 4 converts the detected ambient humidity analog signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the strategy controller 7. The strategy controller 7, acting as the "brain," processes and judges the signal, calculates the control quantity based on the built-in multi-stage PID algorithm, and then sends the decision command to the controller assembly 2. The controller assembly 2 comprehensively manages and schedules the command before sending it to the execution module 8. The execution module 8 controls the first motor 306 to adjust the opening of the blades 302, controls the start / stop and speed of the fan 6, and controls the second motor 503 to drive the cleaning mechanism. After each execution component operates, the ambient humidity changes. The humidity sensor 4 detects the new state again and feeds it back to the strategy controller 7, thus forming a continuously operating closed loop of detection, judgment, execution, and feedback, ultimately achieving automatic, accurate, and stable humidity control.

[0065] Working Principle: This device is a cable trench dehumidifier that integrates intelligent control and automatic maintenance functions. Its core working principle lies in the precise control of the air intake state through a multi-stage adjustment mechanism 3, and the use of an auxiliary maintenance mechanism 5 to ensure the cleanliness of the core filter unit. Both work together under the unified scheduling of an intelligent control system based on a PID algorithm, ultimately achieving efficient, stable, and low-maintenance-cost automatic dehumidification. The specific workflow and principle are as follows:

[0066] First, in the environmental perception and intelligent decision-making stage, after the device is started, the humidity sensor 4, fixed to the side wall of the dehumidifier body 1, continuously monitors the ambient humidity in the cable trench and transmits the real-time data to the strategy controller 7. The strategy controller 7 has built-in multi-stage control logic and PID algorithm. When the humidity exceeds the set high humidity threshold, the system enters the rapid dehumidification mode, and the controller assembly 2 will send a strong operation command to the execution module 8. When the humidity is within the normal control range, the strategy controller 7 starts the PID calculation module. Based on the deviation between the current humidity and the target set value, it dynamically outputs a control quantity through precise calculation of the proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) links. This control quantity aims to smoothly adjust the humidity to the set value with minimal fluctuations and energy consumption. This control command is also forwarded to the execution module 8 through the controller assembly 2.

[0067] Secondly, there is the precise response stage of the actuator, which is mainly reflected in the multi-stage adjustment of air volume. After receiving the instruction from the controller assembly 2, the execution module 8 drives the first motor 306 to operate. The output shaft of the first motor 306 drives the second transmission wheel 309 to rotate, and transmits the power to the first transmission wheel 308 through the transmission belt 307. The rotation of the first transmission wheel 308 drives the transmission rod 303 fixed to it to rotate. The second bevel gear 305 in the middle of the transmission rod 303 rotates accordingly and meshes with the first bevel gear 304 at the shaft end of the adjusting blade 302. Finally, this series of transmissions is converted into the rotation of the adjusting blade 302 inside the protective box 301, thereby changing its opening angle. When a large air volume is required for rapid dehumidification, the blade opening increases. When entering the PID precise control stage, the blade opening is adjusted finely and continuously according to the algorithm output, thereby realizing stepless precise control of the air volume entering the dehumidification device body 1. The fan 6 inside the body starts, stops or adjusts its speed according to the instruction, and works with the adjusting blade 302 to complete the response to different dehumidification intensity requirements.

[0068] Finally, there is the automatic maintenance phase to ensure system efficiency. The core of this phase is cleaning the filter. To prevent dust accumulation on the filter plate 502 from affecting airflow and dehumidification efficiency, the device is designed with an automatic cleaning function. The control system can trigger the cleaning program at regular intervals or based on the pressure difference of the fan 6. After startup, the execution module 8 drives the second motor 503 to operate. The second motor 503 directly drives the second gear 507 to rotate. The second gear 507 simultaneously meshes with the two first gears 506, causing them to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The bottom end of each first gear 506 is fixedly connected to the first lead screw 505 and the second lead screw 508, respectively. When the first gear 506 rotates, the first… The lead screw 505 and the second lead screw 508 rotate synchronously. The support 509, which is connected to the two lead screws by threads, moves along the axial direction of the lead screws under the drive of the threads. The cleaning wiper 510, which is engaged on the inner side of the two supports 509, is tightly attached to both sides of the filter screen 502 in the mounting frame 501. The horizontal movement of the support 509 drives the cleaning wiper 510 to wipe the filter screen 502 back and forth, thereby automatically removing the dust accumulated on its surface and ensuring that the airflow is always smooth. During the entire cleaning process, one end of the support 509 slides along the inner wall of the dehumidifier body 1, and the limiting rod 504 provides rotational support and axial limiting for the shaft end of the first gear 506, ensuring smooth transmission.

[0069] In summary, this device constructs a complete closed loop of perception, decision-making, execution, and maintenance. The humidity sensor 4 and the strategy controller 7 constitute the system's perception and brain, the multi-stage adjustment mechanism 3 and the fan 6 serve as the core execution units, and the auxiliary maintenance mechanism 5 is a self-care unit that ensures the long-term efficient operation of the system. It achieves precise control through PID algorithm, combines multi-stage strategy to deal with different working conditions, and is supplemented by automatic cleaning to reduce maintenance burden. This device significantly improves the intelligence level, environmental adaptability, and operating economy of cable trench dehumidification.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control, characterized in that, Includes a dehumidifier body (1), with a multi-stage adjustment mechanism (3) on the outside of the dehumidifier body (1) and an auxiliary maintenance mechanism (5) inside the dehumidifier body (1). The multi-stage adjustment mechanism (3) includes an adjustment blade (302), a transmission rod (303), a first bevel gear (304), a second bevel gear (305), and a protective box (301). The inner bearing of the protective box (301) is connected to the adjustment blade (302). The first bevel gear (304) is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment blade (302). The bottom end of the first bevel gear (304) meshes with the second bevel gear (305). The second bevel gear (305) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the transmission rod (303). The top end of the transmission rod (303) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective box (301). The auxiliary maintenance mechanism (5) includes a first gear (506), a second gear (507), a first lead screw (505), a second lead screw (508), a support (509), and a cleaning wiper (510). The second gear (507) meshes between the two first gears (506). The bottom ends of the two first gears (506) are respectively fixedly connected to the first lead screw (505) and the second lead screw (508). The outer sides of the first lead screw (505) and the outer sides of the second lead screw (508) are both threadedly connected to the support (509). The inner sides of the two supports (509) are both engaged with the cleaning wiper (510).

2. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, A controller assembly (2) is fixedly connected to the middle of one side wall of the dehumidifier body (1), and a humidity sensor (4) is fixedly connected to one side wall of the dehumidifier body (1).

3. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fan (6) is connected to the inner wall of the dehumidifier body (1), and the protective box (301) is fixedly connected to the front of the dehumidifier body (1).

4. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first motor (306) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective box (301), and a first transmission wheel (308) and a second transmission wheel (309) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the protective box (301).

5. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first transmission wheel (308) and the second transmission wheel (309) are connected by a transmission belt (307). The output end of the first motor (306) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second transmission wheel (309). The top end of the first transmission wheel (308) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod (303).

6. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the inner wall of the dehumidification device body (1) is fixedly connected to a second motor (503), and the output end of the second motor (503) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second gear (507).

7. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top ends of the two first gears (506) are rotatably connected to limit rods (504), and the top ends of the two limit rods (504) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dehumidification device body (1).

8. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the dehumidification device body (1) is fixedly connected to an installation frame (501), and the outer side of the installation frame (501) is connected to a filter screen plate (502). The inner side of the cleaning wipe plate (510) is attached to the inner side of the filter screen plate (502).

9. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of each of the two supports (509) is slidably connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the dehumidifier body (1), and the dehumidifier body (1) is connected to a strategy controller (7) and an execution module (8).

10. The cable trench dehumidification control device based on PID algorithm and multi-stage control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The humidity sensor (4) is electrically connected to the strategy controller (7), the strategy controller (7) is electrically connected to the controller assembly (2), the controller assembly (2) is electrically connected to the execution module (8), and the execution module (8) is electrically connected to the first motor (306), the second motor (503), and the fan (6) respectively.

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