Intelligent gradient temperature rising and leakage early warning system and method for chemical desulfurization and resolution reboiler

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of intelligent control technology of chemical flue gas desulfurization equipment, and proposes a kind of chemical desulfurization analytical reboiler intelligent gradient temperature rising and leakage early warning system and method, including reboiler main body, control module, working condition parameter acquisition module, multi-point temperature detection module, steam inlet control module and condensate outlet control module.The present application overcomes the technical defects of existing desulfurization analytical reboiler manual start-stop operation, such as temperature sudden change, thermal expansion and cold shrinkage stress concentration, weld cracking, medium leakage, desulfurization system water balance imbalance, etc.Through fine intelligent temperature control, the equipment is preheated and cooled smoothly, the severe deformation stress is eliminated, and the intelligent judgment and early warning of running state leakage are realized, which protects the equipment structure from the root, stabilizes the working condition of desulfurization system and reduces production loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology for chemical flue gas desulfurization equipment, and more specifically, to an intelligent gradient heating and cooling system and leakage early warning system and method for chemical desulfurization desorption reboilers. Background Technology

[0002] The core equipment in the wet desulfurization process of chemical plants is the steam reboiler. Its working principle involves using high-temperature steam to heat the lean desulfurization solution, causing the acidic gases absorbed in the solution to be separated and regenerated, thus achieving the regeneration and circulation of the desulfurization solution. It is a crucial heat exchange device for ensuring the stable operation of the desulfurization system. In current industrial production, desulfurization reboilers generally use saturated steam at 0.40-0.45 MPa and 160-190℃ as the heating source. During operation, the steam side operates under positive pressure, while the desulfurization lean solution circulation side operates under negative pressure. The significant difference in pressure and temperature parameters between the two sides places extremely high demands on the stability of the heat exchange structure and the precision of the switching control between operating conditions.

[0003] Currently, the industry lacks dedicated intelligent temperature control and protection systems for reboilers. Start-up and shutdown operations rely entirely on manual adjustment of steam valves and condensate drain valves, resulting in significant operational drawbacks. During the start-up preheating phase, the main steam shut-off valve is quickly opened manually, causing high-temperature steam to rush into the reboiler heat exchange chamber instantly, subjecting the welded areas of the heat exchange tubes and tube sheet end plates to a rapid and intense temperature rise. During the shutdown cooling phase, the steam is quickly shut off manually, allowing for natural cooling, resulting in a rapid and sudden drop in equipment temperature. This crude operating mode leads to severe and uneven thermal expansion and contraction deformation of the heat exchange tubes and end plates. The tube end welds are weak areas where stress is concentrated, and long-term repeated rapid heating and cooling can easily cause micro-cracks and tensile failures in the welds.

[0004] When the weld seam of the heat exchanger tube end plate cracks, due to the positive and negative pressure difference on both sides of the equipment, the high-temperature medium under positive pressure on the steam side will penetrate the crack and seep into the desulfurization lean liquor circulation system on the negative pressure side. After the steam condenses, a large amount of pure water continuously enters the desulfurization liquor system, directly disrupting the inherent water balance of the desulfurization system. This causes a series of production problems, including an abnormal and continuous increase in the total amount of desulfurization liquor, a significant decrease in liquor concentration, loss of system liquid level control, and a decline in desulfurization efficiency. To maintain system stability, it is necessary to frequently discharge excess desulfurization liquor and replenish high-concentration raw liquor, which not only increases material loss and labor costs but also causes waste liquid discharge pollution, fluctuations in the unit's operating load, and in severe cases, leads to desulfurization system shutdown and production interruption.

[0005] Currently, there is no intelligent control scheme for gradient temperature rise and fall under the start-up and shutdown conditions of desulfurization reboilers, nor is there an intelligent judgment and early warning system for weld leakage that is adapted to positive and negative pressure difference conditions. The industry generally suffers from technical pain points such as high equipment failure rate, high operation and maintenance cost, and poor system stability. There is an urgent need for an intelligent and automated temperature control protection and leakage monitoring technology solution to solve the above defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent gradient heating and cooling system and method for chemical desulfurization reboilers, applicable to desulfurization reboiler equipment that uses saturated steam at 0.40-0.45 MPa and 160-190℃ to heat lean liquor. It can accurately solve the problems of thermal expansion and contraction damage, media leakage, and system water balance imbalance caused by sudden temperature changes during reboiler start-up and shutdown.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A smart gradient heating / cooling and leakage early warning system for a chemical desulfurization and reboiler includes: Reboiler body; The operating parameter acquisition module includes a differential pressure transmitter, a desulfurization system liquid level detection device, and a density detection device, which are respectively installed in the reboiler body. The steam inlet control module includes a first control pipeline and an automatic steam regulating valve. The first control pipeline is connected in parallel on one side of the steam inlet main pipe, and the automatic steam regulating valve is installed on the first control pipeline. The condensate outlet control module includes a second control pipeline and an automatic condensate control valve. The second control pipeline is connected in parallel on one side of the condensate outlet main pipe, and the automatic condensate control valve is installed on the second control pipeline. The multi-point temperature detection module includes multiple temperature sensors, which are respectively installed in the shell side of the reboiler, the steam inlet area and the heat exchange tube end plate, and multiple temperature sensors are respectively installed in the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline. The control module has a preset timing and temperature gradient dual control program, which is connected to the reboiler body, the operating parameter acquisition module, the multi-point temperature detection module, the steam inlet control module, and the condensate outlet control module, respectively.

[0008] In one embodiment, the diameter of the first control pipeline is DN15-DN25, and the diameter of the second control pipeline is DN15-DN25.

[0009] A method for intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning in chemical desulfurization reboiler, including intelligent gradient heating and cooling control and intelligent judgment of leakage under positive and negative pressure difference conditions; Intelligent gradient temperature control: including intelligent preheating control at start-up and intelligent cooling control at shutdown; Intelligent preheating control during startup: After entering the system startup mode, the main steam shut-off valve is closed, and only the steam automatic regulating valve of the first regulating pipeline is opened. The opening degree of the steam automatic regulating valve is slowly increased according to the preset temperature gradient. The initial opening degree of the steam automatic regulating valve is 10%, which controls the equipment heating rate. Intelligent cooling control during shutdown: After entering the system's shutdown mode, the main steam shut-off valve is slowly closed first, and the automatic condensate control valve of the second control pipeline is opened simultaneously. The steam supply is reduced according to the preset cooling gradient, and the condensate is discharged smoothly and quickly. Intelligent leakage detection under positive and negative pressure difference conditions: Real-time collection of data on desulfurization system liquid level, solution density, steam flow rate, and pressure difference on both sides in the reboiler body, and big data comparison and analysis. When the system liquid volume continuously increases and the density continues to decrease, and the pressure difference between the two sides remains at normal operating parameters without external water replenishment, it is determined that there is a leak in the weld of the reboiler body, triggering an audible and visual warning. At the same time, the steam intake parameters are adjusted to prevent the leak from worsening.

[0010] In one embodiment, in the intelligent preheating control for start-up, the preset total preheating time is 30-60 minutes, and the temperature gradually increases from room temperature to the working temperature of 160-190°C, with the temperature increase every 10 minutes strictly controlled within the threshold of 30-40°C. The temperature of the end plate and heat exchange tubes is collected in real time throughout the process. When the actual temperature rise exceeds the set threshold, the valve opening is automatically adjusted to reduce the steam intake.

[0011] In one embodiment, in the intelligent preheating control at startup, the opening of the automatic steam regulating valve is increased by 15% every 10 minutes, and the temperature rise is controlled to be ≤35℃ / 10min.

[0012] In one embodiment, in the intelligent cooling control during shutdown, the preset cooling time is 40-70 minutes, and the equipment temperature gradually decreases from 190°C to room temperature, with the temperature drop not exceeding 25°C every 10 minutes.

[0013] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention completely solves the problem of equipment structural damage: by using a small-diameter bypass + automatic valve + temperature gradient timing control, it achieves stable temperature rise and fall throughout the start-up and shutdown process of the reboiler, eliminates uneven thermal expansion and contraction of heat exchange tubes and end plates caused by sudden temperature changes, eliminates the root cause of tube end weld cracking and damage, significantly extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance and maintenance costs.

[0014] This invention stabilizes the water balance of the desulfurization system, ensuring continuous and stable production: it prevents steam condensate from seeping into the desulfurization system due to weld leaks, and completely solves problems such as abnormal increase in desulfurization liquid volume, concentration imbalance, and uncontrolled liquid level. It eliminates the need for frequent discharge of waste liquid and replenishment of raw liquid, reducing material loss and environmental emission pressure, and ensuring continuous and stable desulfurization efficiency.

[0015] The present invention has a high degree of intelligence and automation, reducing human error: the whole process is automatically controlled by PLC program, without the need for manual intervention in start-up and shutdown temperature control operations, the heating and cooling rate and duration are precisely controllable, avoiding equipment risks caused by differences in human operating experience and operational errors, and greatly improving the safety and stability of the device operation.

[0016] This invention enables accurate early leak warning and prevention: based on the positive and negative pressure difference operating characteristics of the equipment, a dedicated leak judgment model is built, which can identify early micro-leakage, provide early warning and intervention, prevent small faults from escalating into system downtime accidents, and improve the level of intelligent operation and maintenance of the equipment.

[0017] This invention is highly adaptable and has low modification costs: the modification can be achieved simply by adding a small-diameter bypass, conventional automatic control valves, temperature sensors and control systems, without replacing the original main equipment. It is compatible with all desulfurization and reboilers under the same operating conditions, and has strong versatility and high feasibility. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline structure of the intelligent temperature control and leak prevention system for the desulfurization reboiler.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Reboiler body, 2-Desulfurization lean liquor inlet, 3-Desulfurization lean liquor outlet, 4-Steam inlet main pipe, 5-Main steam shut-off valve, 6-First control pipeline, 7-Automatic steam regulating valve, 8-Steam side temperature sensor, 9-Temperature sensor of heat exchanger tube end plate, 10-Condensate outlet main pipe, 11-Second control pipeline, 12-Automatic condensate regulating valve, 13-Condensate temperature sensor, 14-PLC intelligent control system, 15-Differential pressure transmitter, 16-Desulfurization system liquid level detection device. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] It is worth noting that the directional terms such as "up" and "down" used in this article are all relative to the perspective of the attached figures and are only for the purpose of description. They should not be interpreted as limitations on the technical solutions.

[0022] This invention proposes an intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning system for chemical desulfurization desorption reboilers. It overcomes the technical defects of existing desulfurization desorption reboilers that exist due to manual start-up and shutdown operations, such as sudden temperature changes, stress concentration from thermal expansion and contraction, easy cracking of welds, media leakage, and imbalance of the desulfurization system. Through refined intelligent temperature control, it achieves stable preheating and cooling of the equipment, eliminates severe deformation stress, and realizes intelligent judgment and early warning of leakage during operation. It protects the equipment structure from the root, stabilizes the operating conditions of the desulfurization system, and reduces production losses.

[0023] The intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning system for chemical desulfurization reboiler of the present invention includes a reboiler body, a control module, an operating parameter acquisition module, a multi-point temperature detection module, a steam inlet control module, and a condensate outlet control module, as detailed below: The main body of the reboiler is a conventional reboiler device, which will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0024] The operating parameter acquisition module includes a differential pressure transmitter, a desulfurization system liquid level detection device, and a density detection device, all respectively installed within the reboiler body. It is easy to understand that the differential pressure transmitter, desulfurization system liquid level detection device, and density detection device are all existing conventional detection equipment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] The steam inlet control module includes a first control pipeline and an automatic steam regulating valve. The first control pipeline is set in parallel on one side of the steam inlet main pipe, for example, at both ends of the main steam shut-off valve, as a bypass. The automatic steam regulating valve is set on the first control pipeline.

[0026] The condensate outlet control module includes a second control pipeline and an automatic condensate control valve. The second control pipeline is connected in parallel on one side of the condensate outlet main pipe, and the automatic condensate control valve is located on the second control pipeline.

[0027] The multi-point temperature detection module includes multiple temperature sensors, which are respectively located in the shell side of the reboiler, the steam inlet area, and the heat exchange tube end plate, as well as multiple temperature sensors respectively located in the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline.

[0028] The control module uses a conventional controller with a preset timing and temperature gradient dual control program, such as a PLC intelligent control system. Differential pressure transmitters, desulfurization system level detection devices, density detection devices, automatic steam regulating valves, automatic condensate control valves, and temperature sensors are all connected to the control module, forming a closed-loop control circuit of data acquisition, logic operation, and automatic adjustment. The control module collects data from the reboiler body through the differential pressure transmitter, desulfurization system level detection device, and density detection device.

[0029] This invention adds a small-diameter first regulating pipeline in parallel across the original main steam shut-off valve. This first regulating pipeline is adapted to steam conditions of 0.40-0.45 MPa and 160-190℃. An automatic steam regulating valve is installed on this first regulating pipeline. Simultaneously, high-precision temperature sensors are deployed in the reboiler shell side, the steam inlet area, and the critical stress concentration areas of the heat exchanger tube end plates to collect real-time data on the equipment body temperature and inlet air temperature. This invention also adds a small-diameter second regulating pipeline and a matching automatic condensate control valve to the condensate outlet main pipe. Temperature sensors are simultaneously deployed to detect the condensate temperature, monitoring the medium temperature change during the cooling phase and matching the steam end temperature control rhythm.

[0030] Preferably, the diameter of the first regulating pipe is DN15-DN25, and the diameter of the second regulating pipe is DN15-DN25. The diameters of the first and second regulating pipes are much smaller than the main pipe diameter, which is suitable for precise micro-volume temperature control.

[0031] Preferably, the automatic steam regulating valve is suitable for high-temperature steam at 190℃ and pressure conditions of 0.45MPa.

[0032] This invention abandons the original single main steam pipeline start-stop control mode, and adds small-diameter bypass control pipelines to the reboiler steam inlet main pipe and condensate outlet main pipe respectively, replacing the main valve to achieve precise fine-tuning of start-stop operation.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the reboiler body is equipped with heat exchange tube bundles and end plate weld structures. The desulfurization lean liquor inlet and outlet form a negative pressure desulfurization circulation loop. The main steam pipe and condensate pipe are the original main pipelines. The bypass small-diameter pipelines (i.e., the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline) are connected in parallel at both ends of the main pipelines. Automatic regulating valves (i.e., steam automatic regulating valve and condensate automatic regulating valve) are used to achieve micro-temperature control. Multi-point temperature sensors fully cover the detection of equipment and medium temperature. Differential pressure and liquid level sensors collect operating parameters in real time. All detection elements and actuators are connected to the PLC intelligent control system to form a complete intelligent control closed loop.

[0034] Based on the above-mentioned intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning system for chemical desulfurization desorption reboiler, this invention also proposes an intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning method for chemical desulfurization desorption reboiler, including intelligent gradient heating and cooling control and intelligent judgment of leakage under positive and negative pressure difference conditions, as detailed below.

[0035] In intelligent gradient temperature control, based on the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the reboiler material and the on-site steam conditions, a dual control program of time gradient + temperature threshold is preset, which completely replaces manual operation and achieves stable temperature control during start-up and shutdown. The specific parameters are adapted to the on-site steam conditions of 0.40-0.45 MPa and 160-190℃.

[0036] Intelligent gradient temperature control includes intelligent preheating control at startup and intelligent cooling control at shutdown.

[0037] Intelligent preheating control during startup: After entering the system startup mode, the main steam shut-off valve is closed, and only the automatic steam regulating valve of the first regulating pipeline is opened. The opening degree of the automatic steam regulating valve is slowly increased according to the preset temperature gradient. The initial opening degree of the automatic steam regulating valve is 10%, which strictly controls the equipment heating rate.

[0038] Preferably, the total preheating time is preset to 30-60 minutes, with the temperature gradually increasing from room temperature to the operating temperature of 160-190℃. The temperature increase every 10 minutes is strictly controlled within a threshold of 30-40℃. The temperature of the end plates and heat exchange tubes is collected in real time throughout the process. When the actual temperature increase exceeds the set threshold, the system automatically fine-tunes the valve opening, reduces the steam intake, eliminates localized temperature differences and stress concentrations, and avoids instantaneous high-temperature impact on the weld. Once the overall equipment temperature reaches the operating temperature uniformly and the temperature difference stabilizes, the main steam shut-off valve automatically opens, the automatic steam regulating valve closes, and the system transitions to normal production conditions.

[0039] More preferably, the preset total preheating time is 45 minutes.

[0040] More preferably, the opening of the automatic steam regulating valve is increased by 15% every 10 minutes, simultaneously controlling the temperature rise to ≤35℃ / 10min. Temperatures of the end plate and heat exchange tubes are collected throughout the process to ensure a temperature difference of ≤5℃ between different areas of the equipment. When the overall equipment temperature stabilizes at 175℃ (intermediate value under operating conditions) and the temperature fluctuation is stable without sudden changes, the control system automatically fully opens the main steam shut-off valve and slowly closes the automatic steam regulating valve, completing stable preheating and transitioning to normal production conditions. This mode completely avoids instantaneous high-temperature steam impact and eliminates thermal stress in the welds.

[0041] Intelligent cooling control during shutdown: After entering the system's shutdown mode, the main steam shut-off valve is slowly closed first, and the automatic condensate control valve of the second control pipeline is opened simultaneously. The steam supply is reduced gradually according to the preset cooling gradient, and the condensate is discharged smoothly and quickly.

[0042] Preferably, the preset cooling time is 40-70 minutes. The equipment temperature is gradually reduced from 190℃ to room temperature, with a temperature drop of no more than 25℃ every 10 minutes. The temperature of all areas of the equipment is kept to drop evenly throughout the process to prevent uneven shrinkage and deformation of the heat exchange tubes and end plates caused by rapid cooling. After the overall temperature of the equipment drops below 50℃, all valves are closed to complete the shutdown and cooling process, thus completely avoiding the risk of cold shrinkage and deformation cracking the weld.

[0043] Preferably, the preset cooling time is 60 min, and the temperature drop rate is controlled to be ≤20℃ / 10min.

[0044] In the intelligent leakage detection under positive and negative pressure difference conditions, a dedicated intelligent leakage detection model is built based on the inherent operating characteristics of positive pressure on the reboiler steam side and negative pressure on the desulfurization lean liquor circulation side to achieve early warning of micro-leakage. The specific detection method is as follows: Under normal operating conditions, the steam side pressure is higher than the lean liquid side negative pressure. If there are no cracks or leaks in the weld of the heat exchange tube end plate, the liquid level, water replenishment, and water quality parameters of the desulfurization liquid circulation system will remain stable. When micro-cracks or crack failure occur in the weld, high-temperature steam from the positive pressure side will continuously seep into the negative pressure desulfurization liquid side. The steam will condense into pure water, causing an abnormal increase in the total liquid volume of the desulfurization system, a continuous decrease in solution density, and a significant reduction in the system water replenishment.

[0045] The system collects real-time data on the desulfurization system liquid level, solution density, steam flow rate, and pressure difference between the two sides in the chemical desulfurization reboiler. Through big data comparison and analysis, when the system liquid volume continuously increases, the density continuously decreases, and the pressure difference between the two sides remains at normal operating parameters without external water replenishment, the system intelligently determines that there is a leak in the reboiler weld, immediately triggering an audible and visual warning. At the same time, it can adjust the steam intake parameters to prevent the leak from worsening and remind maintenance personnel to carry out timely repairs.

[0046] After on-site industrial trial operation, the implementation of this invention resulted in uniform temperature changes during reboiler start-up and shutdown without sudden cooling or heating; no cracking or leakage faults were found in the weld seams of the heat exchange tube end plates; the liquid volume of the desulfurization system was stable, completely eliminating the need for waste liquid discharge and raw liquid replenishment due to equipment leakage; the system's desulfurization efficiency was stable and met the standards; the equipment operation and maintenance failure rate was reduced by more than 95%; and the desulfurization analysis process was achieved in a safe, stable, and intelligent manner.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart gradient heating / cooling and leakage early warning system for a chemical desulfurization and reboiler, characterized in that, include: Reboiler body; The operating parameter acquisition module includes a differential pressure transmitter, a desulfurization system liquid level detection device, and a density detection device, which are respectively installed in the reboiler body. The steam inlet control module includes a first control pipeline and an automatic steam regulating valve. The first control pipeline is connected in parallel on one side of the steam inlet main pipe, and the automatic steam regulating valve is installed on the first control pipeline. The condensate outlet control module includes a second control pipeline and an automatic condensate control valve. The second control pipeline is connected in parallel on one side of the condensate outlet main pipe, and the automatic condensate control valve is installed on the second control pipeline. The multi-point temperature detection module includes multiple temperature sensors, which are respectively installed in the shell side of the reboiler, the steam inlet area and the heat exchange tube end plate, and multiple temperature sensors are respectively installed in the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline. The control module has a preset timing and temperature gradient dual control program, which is connected to the reboiler body, the operating parameter acquisition module, the multi-point temperature detection module, the steam inlet control module, and the condensate outlet control module, respectively.

2. The intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning system for chemical desulfurization reboiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first control pipeline is DN15-DN25, and the diameter of the second control pipeline is DN15-DN25.

3. A method for intelligent gradient heating / cooling and leakage early warning in a chemical desulfurization and reboiler, characterized in that, The intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning system for chemical desulfurization and reboiler as described in claim 1 or 2 includes intelligent gradient heating and cooling control and intelligent judgment of leakage under positive and negative pressure difference conditions. Intelligent gradient temperature control: including intelligent preheating control at start-up and intelligent cooling control at shutdown; Intelligent preheating control during startup: After entering the system startup mode, the main steam shut-off valve is closed, and only the steam automatic regulating valve of the first regulating pipeline is opened. The opening degree of the steam automatic regulating valve is slowly increased according to the preset temperature gradient. The initial opening degree of the steam automatic regulating valve is 10%, which controls the equipment heating rate. Intelligent cooling control during shutdown: After entering the system's shutdown mode, the main steam shut-off valve is slowly closed first, and the automatic condensate control valve of the second control pipeline is opened simultaneously. The steam supply is reduced according to the preset cooling gradient, and the condensate is discharged smoothly and quickly. Intelligent leakage detection under positive and negative pressure difference conditions: Real-time collection of data on desulfurization system liquid level, solution density, steam flow rate, and pressure difference on both sides in the reboiler body, and big data comparison and analysis. When the system liquid volume continuously increases and the density continues to decrease, and the pressure difference between the two sides remains at normal operating parameters without external water replenishment, it is determined that there is a leak in the weld of the reboiler body, triggering an audible and visual warning. At the same time, the steam intake parameters are adjusted to prevent the leak from worsening.

4. The intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning method for chemical desulfurization desorption reboiler as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the intelligent preheating control at the start of operation, the preset total preheating time is 30-60 minutes, and the temperature gradually increases from room temperature to the working temperature of 160-190℃. The temperature increase every 10 minutes is strictly controlled within the threshold of 30-40℃. The temperature of the end plate and heat exchange tubes is collected in real time throughout the process. When the actual temperature rise exceeds the set threshold, the valve opening is automatically adjusted to reduce the steam intake.

5. The intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning method for chemical desulfurization desorption reboiler as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In the intelligent preheating control at startup, the opening of the automatic steam regulating valve is increased by 15% every 10 minutes, and the temperature rise is controlled to be ≤35℃ / 10min.

6. The intelligent gradient heating and cooling and leakage early warning method for chemical desulfurization desorption reboiler as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the intelligent cooling control during shutdown, the preset cooling time is 40-70 minutes, and the equipment temperature gradually drops from 190℃ to room temperature, with a temperature drop of no more than 25℃ every 10 minutes.

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