Dynamic kernel selection for touch screen devices

Abstract

A method for dynamic kernel selection on a touch screen device. The method includes receiving a signal from a stylus, collecting a first intensity value from a first node of the touch screen and a second intensity value from a second node adjacent to the first node, calculating a peak-to-edge ratio from the first intensity value and the second intensity value, determining a position of the stylus between the first node and the second node based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio, selecting a kernel type based on the position of the stylus, applying the selected kernel type to the first intensity value and the second intensity value, and reporting a corrected position of the stylus on the touch screen based on the applied kernel type.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to an electronic device, and in a particular embodiment, to a dynamic kernel selection process on a touchscreen. Background Technology

[0002] Historically, electronic devices designed for user interaction have utilized external input devices, such as keyboards, keypads, and / or mice, to capture user input. In recent years, however, more traditional methods have been promoted as consumers have preferred the convenience of portable devices that support more flexible lifestyles. This has led to the rise of smaller, portable handheld electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and gaming systems. This has made touchscreens and touch panel displays increasingly popular as systems for capturing user input. They not only provide the functionality of traditional electronic devices, but touchscreens also offer additional features. For example, given appropriate software, users can utilize touchscreens for sketching, drawing, and various handwriting applications.

[0003] With the growth of smartphones and tablets, applications such as drawing software, requiring higher precision touch, are preferred. Such applications have led to the increased use of pens (pointing pens), and higher pen performance is preferred. Pens can be divided into active pens and passive capacitive pens. A passive capacitive pen functions similarly to a finger touching a touchscreen device. The pen's coordinates are determined based on changes in capacitance at the touch point. In an active pen, the touch IC sends a signal to the pen for pairing. After pairing, the pen sends a signal to the touch IC. The touch IC of the touchscreen receives the signal and calculates the pen's coordinates.

[0004] Active pens allow users to touch touchscreens with greater precision. For example, given appropriate software, users can use active pens for precise sketching, drawing, and handwriting. The precision of an active pen can depend on the indium tin oxide (ITO) pattern in the touchscreen panel design, and different ITO pattern designs have various capacitance distribution curves that can affect the pen's accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One general aspect includes a method of operating an electronic device. The method includes receiving a signal from an active pen; collecting a first intensity value from a first touch node of a touchscreen and a second intensity value from a second touch node adjacent to the first touch node; calculating a peak-to-edge ratio based on the first and second intensity values; determining a position of the active pen between the first and second touch nodes based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio; selecting a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; applying the selected kernel type to the first and second intensity values; and reporting a calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the applied kernel type.

[0006] Another general aspect includes a device comprising a touchscreen and a touch controller. The touchscreen includes a plurality of touch nodes, including a first touch node adjacent to a second touch node. The touch controller is configured to: receive signals from an active pen; collect a plurality of intensity values ​​from the plurality of touch nodes; calculate a peak-to-edge ratio based on a first intensity value of the first touch node and a second intensity value of the second touch node; determine the position of the active pen between the first touch node and the second touch node based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio; select a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; apply the selected kernel type to the plurality of intensity values; and report the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the applied kernel type.

[0007] Another general aspect includes a method comprising receiving a signal from an active pen; performing a self-sensing scan to collect intensity data on a touchscreen; determining a position of the active pen between a first touch node and a second touch node, the first touch node being adjacent to the second touch node, based on the collected intensity data; selecting a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; performing a 1D convolution based on the selected kernel type and the collected intensity data; and reporting the corrected position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the result of the 1D convolution.

[0008] Another general aspect includes a method comprising performing a self-sensing scan to collect intensity data on a touchscreen; determining, based on the collected intensity data, the position of an active pen on a first touch node, the position of the active pen including a central region, a midpoint region, and a middle region on the first touch node; selecting a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; performing a 1D convolution based on the selected kernel type and the collected intensity data; and reporting the corrected position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the result of the 1D convolution.

[0009] Other embodiments and variations are described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its advantages, the following description is now taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of components of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0012] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a touch panel of a touch screen according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0013] Figure 3A and Figure 3B A touch node on an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0014] Figure 4 (including) Figures 4A to 4FThis illustrates an indium tin oxide (ITO) pattern of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The pen coordinates of the ITO pattern and the corresponding ITO pattern report are shown according to an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the dynamic kernel selection process according to various embodiments of this application is shown;

[0017] Figures 7A to 7D The kernel type selection process according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated;

[0018] Figures 8A to 8C The linearity test performed on an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated; and

[0019] Figure 9A and Figure 9B The output of reported pen coordinates on an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to a touchscreen device that can improve the accuracy of input from an active pen by using a dynamically switching kernel to correct the position of the input. Various embodiments of this application disclose a touchscreen device and a method for correcting the position of input received on the touchscreen device. Various embodiments of this application disclose a method for correcting input from an active pen, which determines the position of the active pen on the touchscreen by using a dynamically switching kernel and applying a spatial filter kernel based on the position of the active pen.

[0021] Touch controllers in electronic devices can perform self-capacitance sensing to collect intensity values ​​based on changes in capacitance at touch nodes on a touchscreen panel. To improve the accuracy of active pen tracking, the touch controller can utilize a dynamically switching kernel to select a spatial filter kernel based on the intensity values ​​of the touch nodes, and use two passes of 1D convolution (e.g., one pass in the TX direction and one pass in the RX direction) based on the selected spatial filter kernel to correct the distribution of the intensity values ​​of the touch nodes. The dynamically switching kernel provides efficient active pen tracking without the need for large lookup tables (LUTS) or extensive curve fitting or position estimation that can introduce hysteresis or processing delays. The dynamically switching kernel also provides a solution that eliminates the need to integrate a large number of TX and RX channels, which would require more complex designs or heavy filtering or curve fitting, potentially creating delays at the start of drawing.

[0022] Embodiments of this application can improve active pen tracking by selecting a spatial filter kernel that can linearly expand the intensity between touch nodes (e.g., a smoothing kernel), flatten the intensity between touch nodes (e.g., a flattening kernel), or sharpen the intensity at touch nodes (e.g., a sharpening kernel). The spatial filter kernel can improve the accuracy and linearity of active pen tracking across different touchscreen panel designs without requiring panel modifications.

[0023] While these aspects are primarily described in the context of active pen tracking on touchscreen panels, it should be understood that they can also be applied to other touch sensing applications and devices. In particular, aspects of this disclosure can be similarly applied to passive pen detection, finger touch detection, mutual capacitance sensing systems, self-capacitance sensing systems, and various types of touch-enabled displays, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, monitors, and other consumer electronic devices utilizing capacitive touch sensing technology.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of components of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The electronic device 100 may include a touchscreen 101, a touch controller 109, and a host 111, all coupled to each other via a bus. The electronic device 100 may be a smartphone, GPS device, tablet computer, mobile media player, laptop, gaming system, personal computer, or any other electronic device that can utilize a touch-sensitive display.

[0025] While the inventive aspects are primarily described in the context of touchscreen displays in mobile devices and smartphones, it should be understood that these inventive aspects can also be applied to other touch-enabled electronic devices and systems. In particular, aspects of this disclosure can be similarly applied to tablet computers, laptops, monitors, kiosks, point-of-sale terminals, automotive displays, industrial control panels, gaming devices, and other touch interface implementations.

[0026] Touchscreen 101 may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, an LED display, or any other type of display. Touchscreen 101 may include a plurality of pixels in a display layer configured to display an image. As those skilled in the art will understand, the display layer of touchscreen 101 may include a plurality of pixels at each intersection of data lines and scan lines. Multiple scan lines may extend across rows of touchscreen 101, and data lines may extend across columns of touchscreen 101 in a matrix-like manner. Touchscreen 101 may also include a touch panel configured to detect touch input performed on touchscreen 101. The touch panel, which will be described in more detail below, may include sensors and sensor interfaces.

[0027] The touch controller 109 can perform various methods relative to the touchscreen 101. In various embodiments, the touch controller 109 can be a processor that analyzes information and executes, for example, a series of executable scripts stored in memory 113. For example, the touch controller 109 can analyze information and execute a series of firmware (FW) or software (SW) algorithms stored in memory 113. In one or more embodiments, the processor can include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) device, a central processing unit (CPU), or any other processing unit known in the art. In various embodiments, the touch controller 109 can include multiple independent computing units, such as cores integrated within a processor, or different independent processing chips.

[0028] In various embodiments, the touch controller 109 may include an analog block 115, a digital module 117, and a processor-operable memory 113. The analog block 115 may include multiple analog circuits configured to measure capacitance across the touchscreen 101 and convert it into digital values. The digital block 117 may include various digital logic circuits, such as a DAC or digital control system, configured to obtain digital touch data from the analog block 115, process the digital touch data, and store it in the memory 113.

[0029] In various embodiments, memory 113 may be configured to store data and instructions of touch controller 109, and may include various programs to be executed by touch controller 109. Memory 113 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores instructions executed by touch controller 109. Memory 113 may include volatile and non-volatile components to support temporary data storage during processing and long-term storage of system software and calibration data. Volatile memory (typically RAM) provides fast access to temporary storage of sensor data, intermediate results, and current state information of the gesture recognition system. Non-volatile memory (such as flash memory or EEPROM) may store information such as device firmware, gesture recognition algorithms, and sensor calibration data.

[0030] In various embodiments, host 111 may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip or application processor, and may include processors, interfaces, circuitry, and / or the like. Host 111 is configured to direct streams of input and output data to and from touchscreen 101 and associated touch controller 109. Host 111 may be configured to receive touch event data from touch controller 109 and interpret the touch event data based on the user interface or application displayed on touchscreen 101. Host 111 may be configured to send image data to touchscreen 101 for display on touchscreen 101.

[0031] Additionally, the touch controller 109 can be configured to detect touch input via the touchscreen 101. In other words, the touch controller 109 can be configured to send touch drive signals (TDS) to the touchscreen, receive touch sensing signals (TSS) returned from the touchscreen, process the TSS to determine the coordinates of the touch, and report them to the host 111. The touch controller 109 can be configured to perform mutual sensing and self-sensing scans to collect touch data or intensity values ​​based on the intensity changes of mutual capacitance and self-capacitance induced from the touch input on the touchscreen 101. Then, based on the touch data collected from the scans, the touchscreen can be used by the touch controller 109 to determine the position or coordinates of the touch and report them to the host 111. The host 111 can then provide output to the touchscreen 101 based on the reported touch coordinates.

[0032] Advantageously, as will be described in more detail below, embodiments of this application disclose an electronic device configured to correct the position or coordinates of input on a touchscreen, and a method for correcting the position or coordinates of input from an active pen by using a dynamically switching kernel. In other words, the position of input from the active pen may be inaccurate, and the position of the input can be corrected before reporting the input to the host.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a touch panel of a touch screen according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 Combining Figure 1 Describe it.

[0034] The touch panel 200 of the touchscreen 101 may include a sensor 103 and a sensor interface 107. The sensor interface 107 may be coupled to a touch controller 109, which is coupled to a host computer 111, such as... Figure 1 As shown. The touch panel 200 is compatible with the active pen 105. In various embodiments, the touch panel 200 can be integrated into a tablet computer, computer, smartphone, handheld gaming unit, or similar electronic device.

[0035] In various embodiments, sensor 103 includes a plurality of touch sensors or touch nodes arranged in rows and columns across touch panel 200. Touch nodes can be formed by electrically coupling the touch screen to capacitive electrodes in rows and columns across touch screen 101. In some embodiments, the capacitive electrodes in rows can extend across touch screen 101 in the x-direction, and the capacitive electrodes in columns can extend across touch screen 101 in the y-direction. The intersections of the capacitive electrodes in rows and columns have measurable mutual capacitance. Furthermore, each row's capacitive electrode and each column's capacitive electrode can have a self-capacitance measured relative to ground. Touch panel 200 can be configured to detect touch input (e.g., finger touch or active pen touch) made on touch screen 101 by measuring changes in mutual capacitance at intersections between touch nodes, by measuring self-capacitance at touch nodes, or both.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, the touch panel 200 may be configured to operate in conjunction with the active pen 105. In one or more embodiments, the active pen 105 may include an active pen tip 104, which includes active electrodes made of a material such as metal, conductive coating, conductive ink, or any other suitable conductive material. The active pen tip 104 may be configured to function as an antenna that is configured to receive uplink signals from the sensor 103 and transmit downlink signals back to the sensor 103. When the sensor 103 detects the active pen tip 104 via the downlink signal, the touch panel 200 may be configured to transmit an uplink signal to the active pen tip 104. The active pen 105 analyzes the uplink signal by measuring the potential change between the active pen tip 104 and ground potential. While the signals between the sensor 103 and the active pen 105 may be described as uplink and downlink signals, it should also be understood that other types of communication protocols may be used between the sensor 103 and the active pen 105.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, the active pen 105 can be held in the user's hand and used to input more precise handwriting, drawing, sketching, and other inputs to the touchscreen 101 by contacting the active pen tip 104 of the active pen 105 with the touchscreen 101. The active pen 105 can be, for example, a USI-compatible pen, a Wacom WGP-compatible pen, a Wacom AES-compatible pen, an MPP-compatible pen, or other compatible proprietary pen.

[0038] The active pen 105 and the touch controller 109 can establish communication through the sensor 103 and the sensor interface 107. The touch controller 109 and the active pen 105 can communicate bidirectionally. The sensor 103 can be configured to receive signals generated by the active pen 105 and send signals generated by the touch controller 109. The sensor interface 107 can be configured to send signals received by the sensor 103 to the touch controller 109 and send signals generated by the touch controller 109 to the touch panel 200. Signals sent from the touch controller 109 to the active pen 105 through the sensor interface 107 and the sensor 103 can be defined as uplink signals, and signals sent from the active pen 105 to the sensor 103 and then to the touch controller 109 through the sensor interface 107 can be defined as downlink signals.

[0039] In one or more embodiments, the touch controller 109 can send an uplink signal to the active pen 105 for pairing. The uplink signal can be sent from the touch controller 109 to the active pen 105 via sensor interface 107 and sensor 103. When pairing is successful, the active pen 105 sends a downlink signal to the touch controller 109. The downlink signal can be sent from the active pen 105 to the touch controller 109 via sensor 103 and sensor interface 107. If the touch controller 109 does not receive a valid downlink signal, the touch controller 109 can time out and send a depair command to the pen via the uplink signal. Generally, due to signal strength, the active pen is more sensitive to uplink signals than the touch controller is to downlink signals.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, when communication is established between the touch panel 200 and the active pen 105, the position or pen coordinates of the active pen 105 can be reported to the host 111, and appear on the touch screen 101 when the active pen tip 104 touches or approaches the touch screen 101. The position or pen coordinates of the active pen 105 are the coordinates of the active pen tip relative to the touch panel 200. When the active pen tip approaches or hovers over the touch screen 101, the pen coordinates can appear on the touch screen 101 as a cursor corresponding to the position of the active pen tip 104. When the active pen tip 104 of the active pen 105 is touching the touch screen 101, the pen coordinates can appear on the touch screen 101 as drawing marks, selections, etc., corresponding to the position of the active pen tip.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, the touch controller 109 may report pen coordinates to the host 111. In addition to pen coordinates, the host 111 may also receive the coordinates of a user's finger touch. The host 111 may include any processing hardware that executes software utilizing user input obtained from the touchscreen 101. In the embodiments discussed herein, the user input may be passive (e.g., by touching with a finger or a non-active pen or pointer pen) or active (e.g., with an active pen).

[0042] Figure 3A and Figure 3B A touch node on an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3A and Figure 3B Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2 Describe it.

[0043] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device 300 may include a touch panel having a plurality of touch nodes 130, 132 arranged in rows and columns to form a matrix sensing layer. Touch nodes 130, 132 may be referred to as capacitive electrodes. In some embodiments, touch node 130 may be referred to as a transmitting (TX) electrode 130, and touch node 132 may be referred to as a receiving (RX) electrode 132. The TX electrode 130 and RX electrode 132 may extend across the touch panel 200 in a grid-like manner, operable by a touch controller 109 to enable mutual capacitive sensing between the RX electrode 132 and the TX electrode 130 for detecting and tracking touch input. In various embodiments, the touch nodes may be arranged across the touch panel 200 in various patterns. For example, refer to… Figure 3A Touch nodes 130 and 132 can be arranged in a diamond pattern.

[0044] In various embodiments, the TX electrode 130 may be formed in a row across the touch panel 200, and the RX electrode 132 may be formed in a column across the touch panel 200. In other embodiments, the RX electrode 132 may be formed in a row across the touch panel 200, and the TX electrode 130 may be formed in a column across the touch panel 200. In some embodiments, the TX electrode 130 and the RX electrode 132 may overlap.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the transmitting (TX) electrode corresponds to TX channel 120 (i.e., TX0 to TXn-1), and the receiving (RX) electrode 132 corresponds to RX channel 122 (i.e., RX0 to RXn-1). TX channel 120 and RX channel 122 are orthogonally arranged to achieve mutual capacitance sensing at their intersection. Touch nodes 130, 132 have measurable capacitance that can be used to determine the position or coordinates of a touch input. Touch nodes 130, 132 have a sensing size or defined pitch size. The pitch size of touch nodes 130, 132 is generally larger than the active pen tip 104 of the active pen 105. For example, touch nodes 130, 132 may be about 4 mm, and the active pen tip may be about 1.4 mm. When the active pen tip 104 moves within the pitch of touch nodes 130, 132, pen coordinates may not be accurately detected because changes in capacitance may not be linearly distributed across touch nodes 130, 132.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, each touch node 130, 132 may include a central region 150, a midpoint region 152, and an intermediate region 154 relative to a reference point 135 at the center of the touch node 130, 132. (See reference...) Figure 3B For example, touch node 132 (i.e., RXn-1, RXn, RXn+1) includes a central region 150, a midpoint region 152, and an intermediate region 154 between the central region 150 and the midpoint region 152. The central region 150, the midpoint region 152, and the intermediate region 154 will... Figure 6 and Figures 7A to 7D This will be discussed further in the text.

[0047] In one or more embodiments, the touch controller 109 may be coupled to the TX electrode 130 and the RX electrode 132. During a touch sensing operation or a touch scanning operation, the touch controller 109 may send a touch drive signal to the TX electrode 130 and receive a touch sensing signal from the RX electrode 132. The touch controller 109 may be configured to perform self-capacitance sensing (i.e., self-sensing scan) to measure changes in capacitance relative to ground and to perform mutual capacitance sensing (i.e., mutual-sensing scan) to measure changes in capacitance between the two electrodes.

[0048] In one or more embodiments, the touch controller 109 can perform a self-sensing scan by simultaneously activating all TX and RX electrodes to measure intensity values ​​indicating changes in capacitance at each TX and RX electrode. The touch controller 109 can also perform a mutual capacitance scan by sequentially activating TX channel 120 and RX channel 122 to measure the intensity value between TX electrode 130 and RX electrode 132.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, when touch input from a user's finger or an active pen approaches or touches the touchscreen 101, the mutual capacitance and self-capacitance of the TX electrode 130 and RX electrode 132 change. Therefore, touch input is detected, and the intensity value changes. The touch controller 109 can measure and analyze the intensity values ​​of the touch nodes 130, 132 and report the touch coordinates or pen coordinates to the host 111. For example, when the active pen touches or hovers near the touchscreen 101, the touch nodes 130, 132 can detect signals from the active pen. When the active pen approaches the touchscreen 101, the TX electrode 130 and RX electrode 132 can receive downlink signals transmitted from the active pen. The touch controller 109 can process the downlink signals and measure the pen coordinates.

[0050] Figures 4A to 4F (Collectively referred to as FIG4) illustrates an indium tin oxide (ITO) pattern of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. FIG4 will be combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 The following description is provided in conjunction with Figure 3.

[0051] In one or more embodiments, the touch panel 200 includes an ITO layer formed by a ratio of indium, tin, and oxygen. The ITO layer may have various indium tin oxide (ITO) patterns 400, each pattern representing a different touch sensor arrangement. The ITO pattern 400 may include, for example, a diamond pattern (…). Figure 4A Hollow pattern () Figure 4B ), empty pattern ( Figure 4C ), matrix pattern ( Figure 4D ), radiator pattern ( Figure 4E ) and island pattern ( Figure 4F ).

[0052] In various embodiments, the rhombus pattern (D) is characterized by a continuous rhombus grid structure in which electrode channels (i.e., TX and RX channels) intersect between rhombus capacitive electrodes. The hollow pattern (H) comprises a similar rhombus shape with a hollow center. The empty pattern (E) comprises a similar rhombus shape with empty spaces between electrode intersections. The matrix pattern (M) utilizes a conventional grid layout of rectangular or square sensing nodes formed by vertical electrode channels or lines. The radiator pattern (R) implements a complex geometric arrangement with additional internal electrode structures at each node. The island pattern (I) creates isolated rhombus sensing regions separated by gaps in the electrode pattern.

[0053] In various embodiments, each ITO pattern 400 may have a unique capacitance distribution curve, which can cause inaccurate touch coordinates. These varying patterns can affect how capacitive changes are detected when the active stylus 105 moves across the touchscreen 101. The specific ITO pattern selected for the touch panel 200 affects sensing characteristics such as signal strength, noise immunity, and position detection accuracy.

[0054] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The pen coordinates of the ITO pattern and the corresponding ITO pattern report are shown according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5A The diamond pattern 500 of the touch screen panel and the corresponding pen coordinates 501 of the diamond pattern are shown. Figure 5B The matrix pattern 502 of the touch screen panel and the corresponding pen coordinates 503 of the reported matrix pattern are shown. Figures 5A to 5B Combining Figure 1 The following description is provided in Figure 4.

[0055] The diamond pattern 500 and matrix pattern 502 illustrate hash markers x1-x4 along the x-axis and hash markers y1-y3 along the y-axis. Hash markers x1-x4 correspond to columns of capacitive electrodes on the touch panel 200, and hash markers y1-y3 correspond to rows of capacitive electrodes on the touch panel 200. In one or more embodiments, hash markers x1-x4 may correspond to RX channels 122 on the touch panel 200, and hash markers y1-y3 may correspond to TX channels 120 on the touch panel 200. In other embodiments, hash markers x1-x4 may correspond to TX channels on the touch panel 200, and hash markers y1-y3 correspond to RX channels on the touch panel 200. Rows y1-y3 and columns x1-x4 of capacitive electrodes intersect across the touch panel 200 (i.e., x1, y1; x2, y1; x2, y2; etc.).

[0056] The reported pen coordinates 501 and 503 correspond to ITO patterns 500 and 502. When a straight line is drawn from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the touchscreen 101 using the active pen 105, the reported pen coordinates 501 and 503 can indicate various non-linear responses. The reported pen coordinates 501 and 503 can be caused by different capacitive sensing characteristics of the ITO patterns.

[0057] refer to Figure 5AThe rhombus pattern 500 includes multiple touch nodes 130, 132 arranged in a continuous rhombus grid across the touchscreen 101. For example, the TX channel 120 and RX channel 122 intersect between the TX electrode 130 and the RX electrode 132, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The touch nodes 130, 132 are orthogonally arranged in the rhombus pattern 500. The reported pen coordinates 501 correspond to the rhombus pattern 500 when a straight line is drawn across the touchscreen 101 using the active pen 105.

[0058] refer to Figure 5B The matrix pattern 502 includes a plurality of touch nodes 130, 132 arranged vertically and horizontally across the touchscreen 101. The touch nodes 130, 132 are arranged along the TX and RX lines in the matrix pattern 502. The reported pen coordinates 503 correspond to the matrix pattern 502 when a straight line is drawn from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the touchscreen 101 using the active pen 105. The reported pen coordinates 503 show a linear response in the central portion of the touchscreen 101 and a decreasing linearity along the edge regions of the touchscreen 101.

[0059] In various embodiments, a dynamic kernel selection process can be implemented to adjust the reported pen coordinates to match the actual touch input of the active pen 105 on the touchscreen 101. The dynamic kernel selection process can select and apply a kernel based on an estimated position of the touch input relative to the location of the nearest touch node on the touch panel. Different kernel types can be applied to compensate for non-linear capacitive responses in areas with reduced linearity, such as at node intersections or boundaries. The dynamic kernel selection process can provide accurate pen coordinate reporting while adapting to different ITO patterns. The dynamic kernel selection process will be described in detail below.

[0060] Figure 6 A flowchart of a dynamic kernel selection process according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The flowchart depicts a dynamic kernel selection process 600 for correcting touch coordinates on a touchscreen device. Figure 6 Combining Figure 1 The following description is provided in Figure 5.

[0061] The dynamic kernel selection process begins with the collection of raw data 601 from touch nodes 130, 132. Raw data 601, or raw intensity data, indicates the location of touch nodes 130, 132 on the touchscreen 101 where the touch input 140 is located. In one or more embodiments, raw data 601 can be collected by performing mutual capacitance sensing or during a mutual sensing scan. The mutual sensing scan sequentially activates TX channels 120 (e.g., TX0, TX1, ..., TXn-1) to measure capacitance changes at intersections with RX channels 122 (e.g., RX0, RX1, ..., RXn-1), thereby enabling accurate multi-touch detection.

[0062] In one or more embodiments, during mutual sensing scanning, touch controller 109 selects and drives a specific row of touch nodes (e.g., TX channel 120) with voltage and scans each column of touch nodes (e.g., RX channel 122). The change in mutual capacitance at each intersection between the driven TX channel 120 and RX channel 122 is measured to determine raw data 601. This process is repeated sequentially for each row of touch nodes (e.g., TX channel 120) to determine the remaining raw data 601. After determining each intensity value of the mutual sensing raw data, each intensity value of the mutual sensing raw data can be subtracted from the corresponding baseline intensity.

[0063] In other words, during mutual sensing scanning, when a row of touch nodes is driven, an electric field is formed between adjacent touch nodes of the driven TX channel 120 and the corresponding cross column of the RX channel 122. When a capacitive object, such as a human finger or an active pen, touches the touchscreen 101, the electric field lines passing through the air between adjacent channels are replaced by lines passing through the capacitive object. These interruptions in the electric field cause a detectable change in mutual capacitance, which can be quantified into raw data.

[0064] The dynamic kernel selection process continues to collect baseline data 603 from touch nodes 130, 132. Baseline data 603 represents the intensity value of touch nodes 130, 132 when there is no touch input on touchscreen 101. The baseline data can be a set reference point relative to which future touch inputs can be measured. In one or more embodiments, baseline data 603 can be collected by performing self-capacitance sensing during a self-sensing scan. During a self-sensing scan, the touchscreen controller drives the TX channel 120 and scans the RX channel 122. The self-sensing scan involves applying a small voltage to each touch sensor and measuring the resulting capacitance to determine the baseline data 603. In various embodiments, the self-sensing scan captures baseline intensity values ​​and stores them in memory 113.

[0065] Using the collected raw data 601 and the collected baseline data 603, the dynamic kernel selection process proceeds to step 604, where the collected raw data is subtracted from the collected baseline data to determine a normalized intensity value 605. The normalized intensity value represents the change in capacitance of touch nodes 130, 132. The normalized intensity value is proportional to the change in capacitance of touch nodes 130, 132. For example, when a touch input is at or near a touch node, the touch node has a change in capacitance corresponding to the magnitude of the normalized intensity value. When the normalized intensity value of a touch node has a large magnitude, the touch input can be determined to be at or near the touch node. In one or more embodiments, the normalized intensity value may be a pen intensity value representing the change in capacitance at touch nodes 130, 132 from the active pen 105. In some embodiments, the normalized intensity value may be a finger touch value representing the change in capacitance of a user's finger at touch nodes 130, 132.

[0066] Using the normalized intensity value, the process continues with peak detection 607. In one or more embodiments, performing peak detection 607 involves identifying peak touch nodes. Peak touch nodes are based on normalized intensity values ​​or pen intensity values. Peak touch nodes are touch nodes 130, 132 that have a peak intensity value or the largest normalized intensity value across touchscreen 101. For example, the amplitude of a peak touch node is greater than the amplitude of other touch nodes 130, 132 on touchscreen 101. Peak touch nodes can be used to determine the approximate location of a touch input from active pen 105. In various embodiments, a peak touch node may be referred to as a first touch node with a peak intensity value.

[0067] Once the peak touch node or the first touch node has been identified, the process continues to step 609 to extract the normalized intensity values ​​of the peak touch node and a plurality of adjacent touch nodes. In one or more embodiments, adjacent touch nodes are touch nodes surrounding the peak touch node or the first touch node. Adjacent touch nodes may include two or more touch nodes surrounding the peak touch node. Adjacent touch nodes may be along the same column or the same row as the peak touch node.

[0068] In one or more embodiments, the peak touch node and adjacent touch nodes may include three touch nodes, with one adjacent touch node on each side of the peak touch node. The adjacent touch nodes may include a first adjacent touch node (i.e., a second touch node) on a first side of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node) and a second adjacent touch node (i.e., a third touch node) on a second side of the peak touch node opposite to the first side. When the first adjacent touch node (i.e., the second touch node) is adjacent to or near the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node), the approximate location of the touch input is between the peak touch node and the first adjacent touch node. The second adjacent touch node (i.e., the third touch node) is the touch node opposite the first adjacent touch node (i.e., the second touch node) relative to the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node). The extracted peak and adjacent touch nodes may be used in the dynamic kernel switching process 610 to determine the kernel to be applied in the dynamic kernel selection process 600.

[0069] In one or more embodiments, the peak touch node and adjacent touch nodes may include more than three touch nodes, with one or more adjacent touch nodes on each side of the peak touch node. Adjacent touch nodes may include one or more touch nodes on a first side of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node) and one or more touch nodes on a second side of the peak touch node opposite to the first side. For example, adjacent touch nodes may include two adjacent touch nodes (i.e., the second and third touch nodes) on the first side of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node) and one adjacent touch node (i.e., the fourth touch node) on the second side of the peak touch node opposite to the first side. As another example, adjacent touch nodes may include two adjacent touch nodes (i.e., the second and third touch nodes) on the first side of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node) and two adjacent touch nodes (i.e., the fourth and fifth touch nodes) on the second side of the peak touch node. In one or more embodiments, an adjacent touch node (e.g., the second touch node) having a second largest normalized intensity value is adjacent to or near the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node), and the approximate location of the touch input is between the peak touch node and the second touch node.

[0070] Within the dynamic switching kernel block 610, the touch controller 109 uses the intensity values ​​of the peak touch node and adjacent touch nodes extracted from step 609 to calculate the peak-to-edge ratio in step 611. The peak-to-edge ratio determines the position of the active pen tip 104 of the active pen 105 relative to the positions of the peak touch node and adjacent touch node on the touch screen 101.

[0071] In one or more embodiments, the peak-to-edge ratio can be calculated using the following formula: | |,|| represents the absolute value operation abs(). The first intensity value is the intensity value of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node), the second intensity value is the intensity value of the first adjacent touch node (i.e., the second touch node), and the third intensity value is the intensity value of the second adjacent touch node (i.e., the third touch node). In one or more embodiments, the first intensity value is greater than the second intensity value, and the second intensity value is greater than the third intensity value.

[0072] In one or more embodiments, when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between the peak touch node and the first adjacent touch node is 1 or greater, the touch controller 109 may use more than three touch nodes to calculate the peak-to-edge ratio in step 611. For example, when the SNR between the first intensity value and the second intensity value is 1 or greater, the touch controller 109 may use more than three touch nodes to calculate the peak-to-edge ratio. When the first intensity value and the second intensity value have an SNR close to 1, the touch controller 109 may extend to more than two adjacent touch nodes on each side of the peak touch node. For example, the touch controller 109 may use the peak touch node, two adjacent touch nodes (i.e., the second touch node and the third touch node) on the first side of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node), and one adjacent touch node (i.e., the fourth touch node) on the second side of the peak touch node opposite to the first side to calculate the peak-to-edge ratio.

[0073] In one or more embodiments, when the peak touch node and adjacent touch nodes include more than three touch nodes, the first intensity value may be the intensity value of the peak touch node (i.e., the first touch node), the second intensity value may be the average of the next set of maximum intensity values ​​of the adjacent touch nodes, and the third intensity value may be the average of the set of minimum intensity values ​​of the adjacent touch nodes. For example, the peak-to-edge ratio can be calculated using the following formula: | |. For example, the peak-to-edge ratio of four touch nodes can be calculated using the following formula: | |, The peak touch node's intensity value is greater than the second touch node's intensity value. The second touch node's intensity value is the next largest, and it is also greater than the third and fourth touch node's intensity values. The set of minimum intensity values ​​is the set of the third and fourth touch node's intensity values. For example, the peak-to-edge ratio for five touch nodes can be calculated using the following formula: | |, The peak touch node intensity value is the maximum intensity value, the next set of maximum intensity values ​​is the second touch node and the fourth touch node, and the minimum intensity value set is the intensity values ​​of the third touch node and the fourth touch node.

[0074] The process proceeds to step 613, where the position of the active pen tip 104 is determined based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio. The calculated peak-to-edge ratio can be used to determine the approximate position of the active pen tip 104 relative to one of the peak touch nodes and adjacent touch nodes on the touchscreen 101. In one or more embodiments, the approximate position relative to one of the peak touch nodes and adjacent touch nodes includes a center region 150, a midpoint region 152, and a middle region 154, such as... Figure 3B As shown. In various embodiments, the central region 150 is the region closest to the peak touch node, the midpoint region 152 is the region located at the edge of the peak touch node and closest to one of the adjacent touch nodes, and the middle region 154 is the region between the central region 150 and the midpoint region 152.

[0075] In one or more embodiments, the peak-to-edge ratio calculated from these intensity values ​​can indicate whether the touch input of the active pen tip is in the central region 150, the midpoint region 152, or the intermediate region 154. For example, the peak-to-edge ratio can be a ratio between 0.8 and 1 for the central region 150, a ratio between 0 and 0.2 for the midpoint region 152, and a ratio between 0.2 and 0.8 for the intermediate region 154. When the active pen tip is located in the central region 150, which is closest to the peak touch node, the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is a larger value (e.g., ratio > 0.8). In some embodiments, when the active pen tip is in the central region 150, the calculated peak-to-edge ratio can be greater than 1. When the active pen tip is located in the midpoint region 152, between the peak touch node and one of the adjacent touch nodes, the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is a smaller value or closer to zero (e.g., 0 < ratio < 0.2). When the active pen tip is positioned in the middle region 154, the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is a value between the maximum range of the ratio in the midpoint region (e.g., 0.2) and the minimum range of the ratio in the center region (e.g., 0.8).

[0076] The location of the active pen tip determined in step 613 can be used to find and select a kernel type in step 615. In one or more embodiments, the kernel type includes a sharpening kernel, a smoothing kernel, and a flattening kernel. A sharpening kernel can be used to sharpen the intensity of peak touch nodes to reduce the influence of adjacent touch nodes on the reported pen coordinates. A smoothing kernel can be used to linearly expand the intensity between peak touch nodes and adjacent touch nodes. A flattening kernel can be used to flatten the intensity between peak touch nodes and adjacent touch nodes. In step 617, the selected kernel type can be applied by 1D convolution to determine the corrected position of the active pen to be reported to the host. In various embodiments, the 1D convolution step 617 can be a two-pass 1D convolution. In the two passes of 1D convolution, one pass can be performed in the TX channel and the other pass can be performed in the RX channel. While sharpening kernels, smoothing kernels, and flattening kernels have been described in further detail, it should also be understood that other kernel types can be utilized during the dynamic kernel selection process.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, after the dynamic kernel switching process 610, process 600 may perform a post-filtering step 619 to further improve positional accuracy. The post-filter may include, for example, an infinite-length unit impulse response (IIR) post-processing filter, a Kalman filter, a motion-tolerant filter, or a combination of filters. After generating the corrected pen coordinates, the process ends at end block 621.

[0078] Figures 7A to 7D The kernel type selection process according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated. Figure 7A The spatial filter kernel table 700 is shown. Figure 7B The intensity distribution of touch input across touch nodes is shown in the central region 150. Figure 7C The intensity distribution of touch input across the touch node is shown in the midpoint region 152, and Figure 7D The intensity distribution of touch input across touch nodes is shown in the middle region 154. Figures 7A to 7D Combining Figures 1 to 6 Describe it.

[0079] Figure 7AA spatial filter kernel table 700 is shown, which can be used to determine the kernel type (e.g., step 615) to be applied to 1D convolution (e.g., step 617). The spatial filter kernel table 700 may be stored in memory 113, and the touch controller 109 may refer to the spatial filter kernel table 700 to determine the kernel type to be applied. The kernel type is selected based on the position of the touch input relative to the peak touch node and adjacent touch nodes. The kernel type may include an a-type kernel (e.g., a sharpening kernel) and a b-type kernel (e.g., a smoothing kernel). In one or more embodiments, the a-type kernel may be a sharpening kernel and the b-type kernel may be a smoothing kernel. In other embodiments, the a-type kernel may be a smoothing kernel and the b-type kernel may be a sharpening kernel.

[0080] For example, when the touch input is located in the center region 150, a type A kernel (e.g., a sharpening kernel) can be selected to sharpen the intensity of the peak touch node. When the touch input is located in the midpoint region 152 or the middle region 154, a type B kernel (e.g., a smoothing kernel or a flattening kernel) can be selected to smooth or flatten the intensity of the peak touch node and adjacent touch nodes.

[0081] Figures 7B to 7D Intensity distributions 710, 720, and 730 across touch nodes are shown for various touch inputs 711, 721, and 731. Intensity distributions 710, 720, and 730 provide a visual representation of the intensity values ​​at touch nodes 130 and 132 on the touchscreen 101. Arrows on intensity distributions 710, 720, and 730 indicate the amplitude of the intensity at the corresponding touch node. Intensity distributions 710, 720, and 730 show a first touch node RXn, a second touch node RXn+1, and a third touch node RXn-1 opposite the second touch node. The first touch node RXn can be referred to as the peak touch node or the center touch node. The second touch node RXn+1 can be referred to as the first adjacent touch node, and the third touch node RXn-1 can be referred to as the second adjacent touch node opposite the first adjacent touch node. Although intensity distribution 710 is shown along a horizontal axis, the corresponding touch nodes 130 and 132 on the touch panel 200 can be touch nodes that are vertically adjacent or diagonally adjacent to the first touch node (i.e., the peak touch node).

[0082] refer to Figure 7BThe touch input 711 is located in the central region 150 of the peak touch node. In one or more embodiments, when the touch input 711 is located in the central region 150 of the peak touch node, the amplitude 713 of the intensity of the peak touch node RXn will be greater than the amplitude 715 of the intensity of the first adjacent touch node RXn+1 and the amplitude 717 of the intensity of the second adjacent touch node RXn-1. The amplitudes of the first and second adjacent touch nodes may have similar amplitudes smaller than the amplitude of the peak touch node. When the touch input 711 is located in the central region, the touch controller 109 can select an alpha kernel to perform 1D convolution. For example, the touch controller 109 can select a sharpening kernel as an alpha kernel to sharpen the intensity of the peak touch node, thereby refining the pen coordinates.

[0083] refer to Figure 7C Touch input 721 is located in the midpoint region 152 between the peak touch node and the first adjacent touch node. In one or more embodiments, when touch input 721 is located in the midpoint region 152, the amplitude 723 of the peak touch node RXn may be similar to or equal to the amplitude 725 of the first adjacent touch node RXn+1. As a result that touch input 721 is closer to the first adjacent touch node RXn+1 than the second adjacent touch node RXn-1, the amplitude 727 of the second adjacent touch node RXn-1 will be smaller than the amplitudes 723 and 725 of the peak touch node and the first adjacent touch node. When touch input 721 is located in the midpoint region 152, touch controller 109 can select a b-type kernel to perform 1D convolution. For example, touch controller 109 can select a smooth kernel as a b-type kernel to linearly expand the intensity between the peak touch node and the first adjacent touch node, thereby refining the pen coordinates.

[0084] refer to Figure 7D Touch input 731 is located in the intermediate region 154 between the center region 150 and the midpoint region 152. In one or more embodiments, when touch input 731 is located in the intermediate region 154, the amplitude 733 of the peak touch node RXn will be slightly larger than the amplitude 735 of the first adjacent touch node RXn+1. As a result of touch input 731 being closer to the peak touch node RXn than the first adjacent touch node RXn+1, when the touch input is closer to the first adjacent touch node, the amplitude 737 of the second adjacent touch node RXn-1 will be slightly larger than... Figure 7C The amplitude 727 of the second adjacent touch node. When the touch input 731 is located in the intermediate region 154, the touch controller 109 can select a b-type kernel to perform 1D convolution. For example, the touch controller 109 can select a smooth kernel as a b-type kernel to linearly expand the intensity between the peak touch node and the first adjacent touch node to refine the pen coordinates.

[0085] Figures 8A to 8C A linearity test performed on an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figures 8A to 8C Combining Figures 1 to 6 Describe it.

[0086] Figure 8A A linearity test 800 for an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated. The linearity test 800 can be used to determine linearity error or to determine whether the reported pen coordinates 142 accurately reflect the actual lines drawn on a touchscreen 101 using an active pen 105 (i.e., touch input 140). The linearity test 800 can be performed by drawing two diagonal lines on the touchscreen 101 at a steady rate. For example, these two diagonal lines can be drawn at a rate of 3 mm / s from the upper right corner to the lower left corner and from the upper left corner to the lower right corner of the touchscreen 101. In one or more embodiments, the reported pen coordinates 142 can be collected while drawing lines across the touchscreen 101, and a best-fit line can be calculated. The linearity error can be determined by the distance between the reported pen coordinates and the calculated best-fit line. When the dynamic kernel selection process 600 is implemented, in the linearity test 800, the reported pen coordinates 142 are shown to overlap with or be relatively close to the actual lines drawn across the touchscreen 101.

[0087] Figure 8B The linearity result 810 of the linearity test 800 on the electronic device is shown without the application of the dynamic kernel selection process 600. The linearity result 810 shows lines 812 and 814, where line 812 represents a line drawn across the touchscreen 101 using the active pen 105, and line 814 represents the reported pen coordinates 142 without the application of the dynamic kernel selection process 600. When the dynamic kernel selection process is not implemented, the linearity result 810 shows a linearity error, where line 814 of the reported touch coordinates deviates from line 812 drawn across the touchscreen 101.

[0088] Figure 8C Linearity results 820 are shown for a linearity test 800 on an electronic device with a dynamic kernel selection process 600. Linearity results 820 also show... Figure 8B Lines 812 and 824 are shown in the diagram. Line 812 represents a line drawn on the touchscreen 101 using the active pen 105, and line 824 represents the reported pen coordinates 142 after the implementation of the dynamic kernel selection process 600. When the dynamic kernel selection process 600 is implemented, the linearity result 820 shows a significant overlap between the reported pen coordinates of line 824 and line 812 drawn across the touchscreen 101.

[0089] Figure 9A and Figure 9B The output of reported pen coordinates on an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 9A The output of the reported pen coordinates is shown at 900 on an electronic device that does not implement a dynamic kernel selection process, and Figure 9B The output 910 of the reported pen coordinates is shown on the electronic device implementing the dynamic selection process.

[0090] Outputs 900 and 910 illustrate touch input 140 on a diamond-patterned touch panel and the corresponding reported pen coordinates 142. In one or more embodiments, touch input 140 may be touch input made with an active pen tip 104 on an active pen 105 for precise touch input. Figure 9A As shown, when the dynamic kernel selection process is not implemented, some pen coordinates in the reported pen coordinates 142 overlap with touch input 140, but several pen coordinates in the reported pen coordinates 142 do not overlap with the corresponding touch input 402 and are not near the corresponding touch input 402. Figure 9B As shown, when the dynamic kernel selection process is implemented, the reported pen coordinates 142 provide significant overlap with the corresponding touch input.

[0091] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are summarized herein. Other embodiments may also be understood from the entire specification and the claims filed herein.

[0092] Example 1. A first example includes a method comprising: receiving a signal from an active pen; collecting a first intensity value from a first touch node of a touchscreen and collecting a second intensity value from a second touch node adjacent to the first touch node; calculating a peak-to-edge ratio based on the first and second intensity values; determining a position of the active pen between the first and second touch nodes based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio; selecting a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; applying the selected kernel type to the first and second intensity values; and reporting a calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the applied kernel type.

[0093] Example 2. According to the method of Example 1, the kernel type selection based on the position of the active pen includes: selecting a first kernel type when the active pen is located in the center region of the first touch node; selecting a second kernel type when the active pen is located in the midpoint region of the first touch node adjacent to the second touch node; and selecting a second kernel type when the active pen is located in the middle region between the center region and the midpoint region.

[0094] Example 3. The method according to either Example 1 or 2 further includes: collecting a third intensity value from a third touch node adjacent to the first touch node, the third touch node being opposite to the second touch node, wherein the first intensity value is greater than the second intensity value, and wherein the third intensity value is less than or equal to the second intensity value.

[0095] Example 4. Using the method from any of Examples 1 to 3, where the peak-to-edge ratio is calculated as follows:

[0096] | |.

[0097] Example 5. The method of any one of Examples 1 to 4, wherein the selection of kernel type includes: selecting a sharpening kernel when the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is greater than 1; and selecting a smoothing kernel when the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is less than 1.

[0098] Example 6. The method according to any one of Examples 1 to 5, further comprising applying a post-filter to the result of the applied selected kernel type, wherein reporting the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen includes reporting the calibrated position of the active pen based on the applied post-filter.

[0099] Example 7. The method according to any one of Examples 1 to 6, wherein applying a post-filter includes applying an IIR post-processing filter, a Kalman filter, or a motion-tolerant filter.

[0100] Example 8. A second example includes a device comprising: a touchscreen, a touch controller, and non-transitory memory storing a program to be executed by the touch controller. The touchscreen includes a plurality of touch nodes, including a first touch node adjacent to a second touch node. The program includes instructions to: receive a signal from an active pen; collect a plurality of intensity values ​​from the plurality of touch nodes; calculate a peak-to-edge ratio based on a first intensity value of the first touch node and a second intensity value of the second touch node; determine the position of the active pen between the first touch node and the second touch node based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio; select a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; apply the selected kernel type to the plurality of intensity values; and report the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the applied kernel type.

[0101] Example 9. The device according to Example 8, wherein the kernel type includes: a first kernel type to be selected when the active pen is located in the central region of the first touch node; and a second kernel type to be selected when the active pen is located in the midpoint region of the first touch node adjacent to the second touch node or in the intermediate region between the central region and the midpoint region.

[0102] Example 10. A device according to Example 8 or 9, wherein the touch controller is also configured to perform 1D convolution using a selected kernel type and multiple intensity values, and wherein the corrected position of the active pen is based on the result of the 1D convolution.

[0103] Example 11. A device according to any one of Examples 8 to 10, wherein the touch controller is further configured to collect a third intensity value from a third touch node adjacent to the first touch node and opposite to the second touch node, wherein the third intensity value is less than or equal to the second intensity value.

[0104] Example 12. For any of Examples 8 to 11, the peak-to-edge ratio is calculated using the following: | |.

[0105] Example 13. A device according to any one of Examples 8 to 12, wherein a first kernel type includes a sharpening kernel and a second kernel type includes a smoothing kernel. The touch controller is further configured to: select the sharpening kernel when the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is greater than 1; and select the smoothing kernel when the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is less than 1.

[0106] Example 14. A device according to any one of Examples 8 to 13, wherein the touch controller is further configured to apply a post-filter to the result of the applied kernel type, wherein the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen is based on the post-filter applied to the result of the applied kernel type.

[0107] Example 15. A device according to any one of Examples 8 to 14, wherein the post-filter includes an IIR post-processing filter, a Kalman filter, or a motion-tolerant filter.

[0108] Example 16. A third example includes a method comprising: receiving a signal from an active pen; performing a self-sensing scan to collect intensity data on a touchscreen; determining a position of the active pen between a first touch node and a second touch node, the first touch node being adjacent to the second touch node, based on the collected intensity data; selecting a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; performing a 1D convolution based on the selected kernel type and the collected intensity data; and reporting a corrected position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the result of the 1D convolution.

[0109] Example 17. According to the method of Example 16, determining the position of the active pen includes: extracting a peak intensity value from a first touch node, extracting a first adjacent intensity value from a second touch node, and extracting a second adjacent intensity value from a third touch node that is adjacent to the first touch node and opposite to the second touch node; calculating the peak-to-edge ratio of the extracted intensity values ​​based on the peak intensity value, the first adjacent intensity value, and the second adjacent intensity value; and determining the position of the active pen based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio.

[0110] Example 18. Following the method of Example 16 or 17, where the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is calculated using the following method: | |, The second adjacent strength value is less than or equal to the first adjacent strength value.

[0111] Example 19. A method according to any one of Examples 16 to 18, wherein the position of the active pen includes the center region of the first touch node, the midpoint region of the first touch node adjacent to the second touch node, and the intermediate region between the center region and the midpoint region, and wherein selecting the kernel type includes: selecting a sharpening kernel when the position of the active pen is in the center region; and selecting a smoothing kernel when the position of the active pen is in the midpoint region or the intermediate region.

[0112] Example 20. According to any of Examples 16 to 19, the method further includes applying a post-filter based on the position of the active pen.

[0113] Example 21. A fourth example includes a method comprising: performing a self-sensing scan to collect intensity data on a touchscreen; determining, based on the collected intensity data, the position of an active pen on a first touch node, the position of the active pen including a central region on the first touch node, a midpoint region on the first touch node, and a middle region on the first touch node; selecting a kernel type based on the position of the active pen; performing a 1D convolution based on the selected kernel type and the collected intensity data; and reporting the corrected position of the active pen on the touchscreen based on the result of the 1D convolution.

[0114] Example 22. According to the method of Example 21, determining the position of the active pen includes: extracting a first intensity value from a first touch node, extracting a second intensity value from the average intensity value of a first group of adjacent touch nodes, and extracting a second adjacent intensity value from the average intensity value of a second group of adjacent touch nodes, wherein each intensity value of the first group of adjacent touch nodes is greater than each intensity value of the second group of adjacent touch nodes; calculating the peak-to-edge ratio of the extracted intensity values ​​based on the first intensity value, the second intensity value, and the third intensity value; and determining the position of the active pen based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio.

[0115] Example 23. Following the method of Example 21 or 22, where the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is equal to | |, The first strength value is greater than the second strength value, and the second strength value is greater than or equal to the third strength value.

[0116] Example 24. A method according to any one of Examples 21 to 23, wherein determining the position of the active pen includes determining whether the position of the active pen is in the center region, the midpoint region, or the middle region, and wherein selecting the kernel type includes: selecting a sharpening kernel when the position of the active pen is in the center region; and selecting a smoothing kernel when the position of the active pen is in the midpoint region or the middle region.

[0117] Example 25. The method according to any one of Examples 21 to 24, wherein the first group of adjacent touch nodes includes one or more touch nodes, and the second group of adjacent touch nodes includes one or more touch nodes.

[0118] Example 26. The method of any one of Examples 21 to 25, wherein the first group of adjacent touch nodes includes a different number of touch nodes than the second group of adjacent touch nodes.

[0119] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, this description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of this disclosure, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the specification. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to cover any such modifications or embodiments.

Claims

1. A method comprising: Receive signals from the active pen; A first intensity value is collected from a first touch node of the touch screen and a second intensity value is collected from a second touch node adjacent to the first touch node; Calculate the peak-to-edge ratio based on the first intensity value and the second intensity value; Based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio, the position of the active pen between the first touch node and the second touch node is determined; Select the kernel type based on the position of the active pen; Apply the selected kernel type to the first strength value and the second strength value; as well as Based on the kernel type applied, report the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein selecting the kernel type based on the position of the active pen includes: When the position of the active pen is in the central area of ​​the first touch node, the first kernel type is selected; When the position of the active pen is in the midpoint region of the first touch node adjacent to the second touch node, the second kernel type is selected; as well as When the position of the active pen is in the middle region between the center region and the midpoint region, the second kernel type is selected.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising collecting a third intensity value from a third touch node adjacent to the first touch node, the third touch node being opposite to the second touch node, wherein the first intensity value is greater than the second intensity value, and wherein the third intensity value is less than or equal to the second intensity value.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the peak-to-edge ratio is calculated using the following method: ｜ ｜。 5. The method of claim 4, wherein selecting the kernel type comprises: When the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is greater than 1, select the sharpening kernel; as well as When the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is less than 1, a smoothing kernel is selected.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying a post-filter to the result of the applied selected kernel type, wherein reporting the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen includes reporting the calibrated position of the active pen based on the applied post-filter.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein applying the post-filter includes applying an infinite-length unit impulse response (IIR) post-processing filter, a Kalman filter, or a motion-tolerant filter.

8. An apparatus comprising: A touch screen includes multiple touch nodes, wherein the multiple touch nodes include a first touch node adjacent to a second touch node; Touch controller; as well as A non-transitory memory stores a program to be executed by the touch controller, the program including instructions for performing the following operations: Receive signals from the active pen; Collect multiple intensity values ​​from the multiple touch nodes; The peak-to-edge ratio is calculated based on the first intensity value of the first touch node and the second intensity value of the second touch node; Based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio, the position of the active pen between the first touch node and the second touch node is determined; Select the kernel type based on the position of the active pen; Apply the selected kernel type to the plurality of strength values; as well as Based on the kernel type applied, report the calibrated position of the active pen on the touchscreen.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the kernel type includes: The first kernel type to be selected when the position of the active pen is in the central area of ​​the first touch node; as well as The second kernel type to be selected when the position of the active pen is in the midpoint region of the first touch node adjacent to the second touch node, or in the middle region between the center region and the midpoint region.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the touch controller is further configured to perform a 1D convolution using the selected kernel type and the plurality of intensity values, and wherein the corrected position of the active pen is based on the result of the 1D convolution.

11. The device of claim 9, wherein the touch controller is further configured to collect a third intensity value from a third touch node adjacent to the first touch node and opposite to the second touch node, wherein the third intensity value is less than or equal to the second intensity value.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the peak-to-edge ratio is calculated using the following method: ｜ ｜。 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the first kernel type includes a sharpening kernel, and the second kernel type includes a smoothing kernel, and the touch controller is further configured to: When the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is greater than 1, the sharpening kernel is selected; and When the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is less than 1, the smoothing kernel is selected.

14. The device of claim 9, wherein the touch controller is further configured to apply a post-filter to the result of the applied kernel type, wherein the corrected position of the active pen on the touchscreen is based on the post-filter applied to the result of the applied kernel type.

15. The device of claim 14, wherein the post-filter comprises an infinite-length unit impulse response (IIR) post-processing filter, a Kalman filter, or a motion-tolerant filter.

16. A method comprising: Receive signals from the active pen; Perform a self-sensing scan to collect intensity data on the touchscreen; Based on the collected intensity data, the position of the active pen between the first touch node and the second touch node is determined, wherein the first touch node is adjacent to the second touch node; Select the kernel type based on the position of the active pen; Based on the selected kernel type and the collected intensity data, perform 1D convolution; as well as Based on the results of the 1D convolution, the corrected position of the active pen on the touchscreen is reported.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the position of the active pen comprises: The peak intensity value is extracted from the first touch node, the first adjacent intensity value is extracted from the second touch node, and the second adjacent intensity value is extracted from the third touch node that is adjacent to the first touch node and opposite to the second touch node; Calculate the peak-to-edge ratio of the extracted intensity value from the peak intensity value, the first adjacent intensity value, and the second adjacent intensity value; and The position of the active pen is determined based on the calculated peak-to-edge ratio.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the calculated peak-to-edge ratio is calculated using the following method: ｜ ｜， The second adjacent strength value is less than or equal to the first adjacent strength value.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the position of the active pen includes a central region of the first touch node, a midpoint region of the first touch node adjacent to the second touch node, and an intermediate region between the central region and the midpoint region, and wherein selecting the kernel type includes: When the position of the active pen is in the central region, select the sharpening kernel; as well as When the position of the active pen is in the midpoint region or the middle region, a smoothing kernel is selected.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising applying a post-filter based on the position of the active pen.

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