BIM-based digital management and control of bridge high-pier formwork and high-precision construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of bridge high pier construction, and more particularly to a bridge high pier formwork digitalization management and control and high-precision construction method based on BIM, comprising: determining the segment division of the high pier in the BIM model and the target geometric size of each segment based on the obtained design requirements of the bridge high pier, and then climbing the formwork after calling the corresponding formwork system in the BIM formwork component library; performing virtual three-dimensional detection on the climbing formwork result to obtain the spatial deviation degree of the formwork system in the virtual construction process, and generating a visual color spot map; determining the compliance status of the bridge high pier formwork construction precision based on the spatial deviation degree, and when the compliance status is not met, determining the reason based on the cumulative deviation degree and generating corresponding processing instructions; after executing the corresponding processing instructions, when the bridge high pier formwork construction precision meets the compliance status, exporting construction control data based on the BIM model to complete the on-site construction, thereby improving the construction precision of the bridge high pier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge high pier construction technology, and in particular to a BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork. Background Technology

[0002] As transportation infrastructure extends into mountainous and sea-crossing areas, the number of bridges with piers exceeding 100 meters in height is increasing. Hydraulic climbing formwork is the mainstream construction technique for high piers, requiring repeated disassembly, assembly, and ascent of the formwork at heights of over 100 meters. Precision requirements for center deviation, verticality, and cross-sectional dimensions must be at the millimeter level. However, high pier construction has long relied on manual experience for formwork measurement and adjustment. The numerous process cycles and complex high-altitude environment lead to accumulated deviations that are difficult to trace, resulting in low adjustment efficiency. Exceeding limits necessitates repeated disassembly and modification, severely impacting construction schedule and quality.

[0003] In recent years, technologies such as BIM and 3D laser scanning have been gradually applied in bridge engineering, but most applications remain at the stage of 3D display or single measurement comparison. How to deeply integrate the BIM model with the physical constraints of the formwork adjustment mechanism to form a digital closed-loop management system of "measurement-judgment-adjustment-re-measurement," thereby achieving high-precision automatic judgment and deviation traceability of high pier formwork, is a technical challenge that urgently needs to be overcome in this field.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN116842844A discloses a BIM-based method and system for monitoring the construction safety of high bridge piers. The main steps include: performing BIM simulation modeling on a first target bridge to output a first bridge simulation model; outputting a first geological simulation model; fusing the first bridge simulation model and the first geological simulation model to output a first construction simulation model; performing construction simulation based on the first construction simulation model to obtain a first simulation dataset; inputting the first simulation dataset into a multivariate monitoring model, performing safety monitoring based on the multivariate monitoring model, and outputting a first risk coefficient, wherein the multivariate monitoring model is communicatively connected to the first construction simulation model; and outputting a first reminder message based on the first risk coefficient.

[0005] Therefore, although the proposed solution can monitor and warn of safety risks during construction based on BIM models and multi-dimensional monitoring models, it has the following problems:

[0006] This solution focuses on a macro-level assessment of construction safety status, but does not address the digital closed-loop management of formwork placement accuracy. When deviations occur in the actual installation accuracy of the formwork, the solution cannot automatically determine and trace the type of deviation, nor does it have the ability to generate targeted remedial measures based on the type of deviation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address this, the present invention provides a BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork, which overcomes the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to perform closed-loop management and automatic traceability of deviation in formwork positioning accuracy.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork, comprising:

[0009] Obtain the design requirements for bridge piers, including target size requirements and strength requirements;

[0010] Based on the design requirements, the segment division of the high pier in the BIM model and the target geometric dimensions of each segment are determined;

[0011] Based on the segment division and the target geometric dimensions, the corresponding template system in the BIM template component library is retrieved. The template system includes geometric dimension parameters, material strength parameters, and mechanism stroke parameters of the template adjustment mechanism.

[0012] The template system is crawled in the BIM model;

[0013] The climbing formwork results are subjected to virtual 3D detection to obtain the spatial deviation of the formwork system during the virtual construction process, and a visual color patch map is generated;

[0014] The spatial deviation is used to determine the compliance status of the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork, and, if the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is found to be substandard, the cause is determined based on the cumulative deviation.

[0015] Based on the determined cause, corresponding processing instructions are generated, including correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation when the cause is determined to be single-layer construction deviation, and adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism based on the cumulative adjustment amount when the cause is determined to be inter-layer cumulative misalignment.

[0016] After correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device, the cause of the substandard construction accuracy of the high pier formwork is determined based on the re-obtained spatial deviation. The cause is determined to be the cumulative misalignment between layers, and the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism is re-determined.

[0017] After adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism, based on the re-obtained spatial deviation, it is determined that the construction accuracy of the bridge pier template is not up to standard. The cause is that the system selects the pier and the template in a mismatch, and the number of training samples is re-determined.

[0018] Based on the spatial deviation, and assuming the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork is met, construction control data is exported from the BIM model to complete the on-site construction.

[0019] Furthermore, the construction method of the climbing formwork includes:

[0020] After the concrete pouring of the current segment is completed, install the support base, including the wall mount, the hanging bracket and the load-bearing pin;

[0021] Install the next section of reinforcing steel, lower the scaffold, the formwork transfer device, and the formwork;

[0022] The mold is closed and locked with a fixing device, concrete is poured, and the guide rail is installed after demolding.

[0023] Move the climbing formwork upwards to the next construction section.

[0024] Furthermore, the process of determining the compliance status of bridge pier formwork construction accuracy based on spatial deviation includes:

[0025] Obtain the measured three-dimensional coordinate data of each key measuring point of the template, overlay and compare it with the theoretical coordinates in the BIM model, and calculate the deviation values ​​of center offset, verticality, cross-sectional dimensions, embedded part position and torsion angle respectively.

[0026] The deviation ratios are determined based on the ratios of each deviation value to its corresponding allowable limit.

[0027] The arithmetic mean of the square root of the sum of the squares of the ratios of the various deviations is denoted as the spatial deviation.

[0028] The standard status of the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is determined based on the spatial deviation.

[0029] Furthermore, the process of determining the reasons for substandard construction accuracy of bridge pier formwork based on cumulative deviation includes:

[0030] The cumulative misalignment between the current segment and several consecutive constructed segments is obtained. The cumulative misalignment is determined by the inter-layer misalignment of the key measuring points of each segment template relative to the top surface of the lower pier body. The inter-layer misalignment is determined by the deviation of the center offset, the verticality, the cross-sectional dimensions, the position of the embedded parts, and the torsion angle.

[0031] Calculate the arithmetic mean of the cumulative misalignment ratios of adjacent segments, and denot it as the cumulative deviation.

[0032] Based on the cumulative deviation, the reasons for the substandard construction accuracy of the bridge pier formwork are determined, and corresponding processing instructions are generated based on the determined reasons, including correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device and adjusting the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism.

[0033] Furthermore, when the cause is determined to be a single-layer construction deviation, the process of correcting the preload torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation includes:

[0034] Obtain the intra-layer deviation of each key measuring point of the current segment relative to the lower opening of the template of this layer, wherein the intra-layer deviation is determined by the deviation values ​​of the center offset, the verticality, the cross-sectional dimensions, the position of the embedded part, and the torsion angle;

[0035] The average value of the comprehensive deviation ratio of each measuring point is calculated based on the intra-layer deviation and denoted as the intra-layer spatial deviation degree.

[0036] The preload torque value of the fixing device is determined based on the intra-layer spatial deviation, and the intra-layer deviation is positively correlated with the preload torque value of the fixing device.

[0037] Furthermore, after determining the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device, and based on the fact that the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork for the bridge is still not up to standard, the cause is determined to be the cumulative misalignment between layers, and an instruction is issued to adjust the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism.

[0038] Furthermore, when the cause is determined to be cumulative interlayer misalignment, the process of adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism based on the cumulative adjustment amount includes:

[0039] Obtain the instructions for the theoretical adjustment amount issued by the current segment and several consecutive constructed segments to eliminate spatial deviation, and calculate the sum of the theoretical adjustment amounts, which is recorded as the cumulative adjustment amount;

[0040] The gap compensation amount is determined based on the cumulative adjustment amount, and the cumulative adjustment amount is positively correlated with the gap compensation amount.

[0041] Furthermore, the process of optimizing the gap compensation amount based on the equivalent displacement includes:

[0042] Obtain the measured perpendicularity deviation of the guide rail, and determine the equivalent displacement that the template adjustment mechanism needs to compensate based on the perpendicularity deviation.

[0043] The adjustment range of the gap compensation amount is optimized based on the equivalent displacement amount, and the equivalent displacement amount is positively correlated with the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount.

[0044] Furthermore, the process of further correcting the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount based on the additional amount of synchronization misalignment includes:

[0045] Acquire the synchronous displacement data of each motor during the climbing process, calculate the maximum synchronous difference, and determine the additional synchronous misalignment based on the parallelism deviation of the guide rail.

[0046] The adjustment range of the gap compensation amount is further modified based on the additional amount of synchronization misalignment, and the adjustment range of the additional amount of synchronization misalignment is positively correlated with the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount.

[0047] Furthermore, after determining the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism, if the construction accuracy of the bridge pier template is still not up to standard, the cause is determined to be a mismatch between the system's selection of the pier and the template, and the number of training samples is re-determined.

[0048] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention lie in its deep integration of BIM models with the structural travel parameters of the template system. This allows for time-series simulation and 3D detection of the entire climbing formwork construction process in a virtual environment, achieving pre-emptive control of the high pier template accuracy. Compared to the passive correction mode of existing technologies that rely on manual measurement and repeated adjustments on the construction site, this method can predict the template positioning accuracy before construction, complete deviation identification, cause diagnosis, and parameter correction in digital space. This effectively avoids repeated dismantling and modification due to substandard template accuracy during high-altitude operations, significantly shortens the construction cycle, reduces the risks of high-altitude operations, and ensures the traceability of construction data for each segment, laying the foundation for the full lifecycle digital management of bridge high piers.

[0049] Furthermore, this invention constructs a comprehensive quantitative index of spatial deviation, integrating five types of deviations—center offset, verticality, cross-sectional dimensions, embedded part position, and torsion angle—into a single judgment parameter. Combined with a visual color-coded diagram, it intuitively presents the spatial distribution of deviations, solving the problem of fragmented evaluation by multiple indicators and difficulty in grasping the overall accuracy of the template in traditional methods. Moreover, by introducing cumulative deviation, and utilizing the ratio of cumulative misalignment between adjacent segments, it automatically distinguishes whether the main cause of deviation is single-layer construction deviation or inter-layer cumulative misalignment, achieving automated diagnosis from deviation detection to root cause location. This fills the gap in existing technologies that cannot automatically trace the source of template accuracy deviations.

[0050] Furthermore, when determining that the non-compliance is due to single-layer construction deviation, this invention guides the correction of the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device based on the degree of spatial deviation within the layer, and uses a visual color-coded map to locate the over-limit area for directional adjustment. The larger the spatial deviation within the layer, the greater the correction range of the pre-tightening force; the smaller the spatial deviation within the layer, the more the original value is maintained. This ensures that the correction measures are precisely matched with the actual deformation state of the formwork, avoiding the inefficient operation of blindly tightening everything in the traditional method, and fundamentally suppressing the deformation and misalignment of the formwork itself.

[0051] Furthermore, when the cause of non-compliance is determined to be cumulative misalignment between layers, this invention determines the gap compensation amount based on the cumulative adjustment amount and performs a comprehensive correction using multiple factors, including the guide rail verticality deviation and the motor synchronization difference. This invention incorporates mechanical clearance, guide rail attitude, and climbing motion synchronization into a unified compensation framework. A larger cumulative adjustment amount indicates more severe backlash loss, and the gap compensation amount increases accordingly. Simultaneously, the additional misalignment caused by guide rail deviation and motor asynchrony is also converted into an equivalent compensation value and incorporated into the correction command, effectively solving the problem of cumulative misalignment between layers caused by mechanical clearance and motion asynchrony during climbing. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention for realizing the BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method described in this embodiment of the invention for determining the compliance status of bridge pier formwork construction accuracy based on spatial deviation.

[0055] Figure 4 The flowchart below shows the method described in this embodiment of the invention for generating corresponding processing strategies based on the determined reasons for the substandard construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0057] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Please see Figure 1As shown, it is a system structure block diagram of the BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork, according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0060] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the design requirements for bridge piers, including target size requirements and strength requirements;

[0061] The template configuration module, which is connected to the data acquisition module, is used to determine the segment division of the high pier and the target geometric dimensions of each segment according to the design requirements, and to retrieve the corresponding template system from the BIM template component library.

[0062] The construction simulation module, which is connected to the template configuration module, is used to simulate the time sequence of the climbing formwork construction process of the template system in the BIM model.

[0063] The status detection module is connected to the simulation construction module to perform virtual three-dimensional detection on the simulation results to obtain the spatial deviation degree and generate a visual color patch map, and to determine the compliance status of the construction accuracy based on the spatial deviation degree.

[0064] An analysis module, which is connected to the state detection module, is used to determine whether to generate a corresponding strategy based on the cumulative deviation based on the determined compliance state.

[0065] An execution module, which is connected to the analysis module, is used to execute the strategies output by the analysis module;

[0066] The construction data output module, which is connected to the status detection module, is used to export construction control data based on the BIM model to guide on-site construction.

[0067] Please see Figure 2 As shown, it is a flowchart of the BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0068] Obtain the design requirements for bridge piers, including target size requirements and strength requirements;

[0069] Based on the design requirements, the segment division of the high pier in the BIM model and the target geometric dimensions of each segment are determined;

[0070] Based on the segment division and the target geometric dimensions, the corresponding template system in the BIM template component library is retrieved. The template system includes geometric dimension parameters, material strength parameters, and mechanism stroke parameters of the template adjustment mechanism.

[0071] The template system is crawled in the BIM model;

[0072] The climbing formwork results are subjected to virtual 3D detection to obtain the spatial deviation of the formwork system during the virtual construction process, and a visual color patch map is generated;

[0073] The spatial deviation is used to determine the compliance status of the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork, and, if the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is found to be substandard, the cause is determined based on the cumulative deviation.

[0074] Based on the determined cause, corresponding processing instructions are generated, including correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation when the cause is determined to be single-layer construction deviation, and adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism based on the cumulative adjustment amount when the cause is determined to be inter-layer cumulative misalignment.

[0075] After correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device, the cause of the substandard construction accuracy of the high pier formwork is determined based on the re-obtained spatial deviation. The cause is determined to be the cumulative misalignment between layers, and the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism is re-determined.

[0076] After adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism, based on the re-obtained spatial deviation, it is determined that the construction accuracy of the bridge pier template is not up to standard. The cause is that the system selects the pier and the template in a mismatch, and the number of training samples is re-determined.

[0077] Based on the spatial deviation, and assuming the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork is met, construction control data is exported from the BIM model to complete the on-site construction.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the construction method of the climbing formwork includes:

[0079] After the concrete pouring of the current segment is completed, install the support base, including the wall mount, the hanging bracket and the load-bearing pin;

[0080] Install the next section of reinforcing steel, lower the scaffold, the formwork transfer device, and the formwork;

[0081] The mold is closed and locked with a fixing device, concrete is poured, and the guide rail is installed after demolding.

[0082] Move the climbing formwork upwards to the next construction section.

[0083] Please see Figure 3 As shown, it is a flowchart of the method described in this embodiment of the invention for determining the compliance status of bridge high pier formwork construction accuracy based on spatial deviation, including:

[0084] Obtain the measured three-dimensional coordinate data of each key measuring point of the template, overlay and compare it with the theoretical coordinates in the BIM model, and calculate the deviation values ​​of center offset, verticality, cross-sectional dimensions, embedded part position and torsion angle respectively.

[0085] The deviation ratios are determined based on the ratios of each deviation value to its corresponding allowable limit.

[0086] The square root of the sum of the squares of the deviation ratios of each measurement point is calculated to obtain the overall deviation ratio of that measurement point. Based on the overall deviation ratio of each measurement point, a visual color patch map is generated at the corresponding position in the BIM model, with different colors representing the degree of deviation.

[0087] Calculate the arithmetic mean of the overall deviation ratio of all measuring points, and denot it as the spatial deviation degree;

[0088] Based on the spatial deviation, the standard status of the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is determined, and the specific areas with excessive deviation are located by combining the color distribution in the visualized color patch map.

[0089] In this embodiment of the invention, if the spatial deviation is less than or equal to the preset spatial deviation, it is determined that the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork for the bridge meets the standard, and construction control data is exported based on the BIM model to complete the on-site construction.

[0090] If the spatial deviation is greater than the preset spatial deviation, it is determined that the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is substandard, and the reason for the substandard construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is determined based on the cumulative deviation.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset spatial deviation is determined by the sum of squares and the average of the values ​​of center offset, verticality, cross-sectional dimensions, embedded part position and torsion angle, all of which are within the boundary values ​​of the allowable limits.

[0092] Please see Figure 4 As shown, it is a flowchart of the method described in this embodiment of the invention for generating corresponding processing strategies based on the determined reasons for the substandard construction accuracy of bridge pier formwork, including:

[0093] The cumulative misalignment between the current segment and several consecutive constructed segments is obtained. The cumulative misalignment is determined by the inter-layer misalignment of the key measuring points of each segment template relative to the top surface of the lower pier body. The inter-layer misalignment is determined by the deviation of the center offset, the verticality, the cross-sectional dimensions, the position of the embedded parts, and the torsion angle.

[0094] Calculate the arithmetic mean of the cumulative misalignment ratios of adjacent segments, and denot it as the cumulative deviation.

[0095] Based on the cumulative deviation, the reasons for the substandard construction accuracy of the bridge pier formwork are determined, and corresponding processing instructions are generated based on the determined reasons, including correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device and adjusting the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, if the cumulative deviation is less than or equal to the preset cumulative deviation, the reason for the substandard construction accuracy of the bridge pier formwork is determined to be single-layer construction deviation.

[0097] If the cumulative deviation is greater than the preset cumulative deviation, the reason for the substandard construction accuracy of the bridge pier formwork is determined to be cumulative misalignment between layers.

[0098] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset cumulative deviation is determined by the theoretical average of the ratio of the cumulative misalignment of adjacent segments when the misalignment does not increase layer by layer. Specifically, if the inter-layer misalignment does not show a trend of increasing layer by layer with the increase of height during the construction of each segment, the cumulative misalignment value of adjacent segments should be in a state of random fluctuation or basically flat. At this time, the ratio of the cumulative misalignment of the later segment to the cumulative misalignment of the earlier segment fluctuates around the theoretical average. If there is a cumulative amplification effect of inter-layer misalignment, the ratio will continue to be greater than the theoretical average.

[0099] Specifically, when the cause is determined to be a single-layer construction deviation, the process of correcting the preload torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation includes:

[0100] Obtain the intra-layer deviation of each key measuring point of the current segment relative to the lower opening of the template of this layer, wherein the intra-layer deviation is determined by the deviation values ​​of the center offset, the verticality, the cross-sectional dimensions, the position of the embedded part, and the torsion angle;

[0101] The average value of the comprehensive deviation ratio of each measuring point is calculated based on the intra-layer deviation and denoted as the intra-layer spatial deviation degree.

[0102] The preload torque value of the fixing device is determined based on the intra-layer spatial deviation, and the intra-layer deviation is positively correlated with the preload torque value of the fixing device.

[0103] Specifically, the greater the spatial deviation within the layer, the more severe the template misalignment, and the greater the pre-tightening torque required by the fixing device; the smaller the spatial deviation within the layer, the higher the precision of the template itself, and the smaller the pre-tightening torque required by the fixing device.

[0104] Specifically, when determining the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation, the distribution location of the over-limit area in the visualized color patch diagram is also considered, and the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device corresponding to the over-limit area is directionally corrected.

[0105] Specifically, after determining the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device, and based on the fact that the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork of the bridge is still not up to standard, the cause is determined to be the cumulative misalignment between layers, and an instruction is issued to adjust the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism.

[0106] Specifically, when the cause is determined to be cumulative interlayer misalignment, the process of adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism based on the cumulative adjustment amount includes:

[0107] Obtain the instructions for the theoretical adjustment amount issued by the current segment and several consecutive constructed segments to eliminate spatial deviation, and calculate the sum of the theoretical adjustment amounts, which is recorded as the cumulative adjustment amount;

[0108] The gap compensation amount is determined based on the cumulative adjustment amount, and the cumulative adjustment amount is positively correlated with the gap compensation amount.

[0109] Specifically, the larger the cumulative adjustment amount, the more severe the backlash loss caused by mechanical clearance in the template adjustment mechanism, and the greater the required clearance compensation amount; the smaller the cumulative adjustment amount, the less the impact of mechanical clearance on adjustment accuracy, and the smaller the required clearance compensation amount.

[0110] Specifically, when determining the gap compensation amount based on the cumulative adjustment amount, the compensation direction of the gap compensation amount is also determined by combining the overall offset direction of the over-limit area in the visualized color patch diagram.

[0111] Specifically, the process of adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism also includes:

[0112] Obtain the measured perpendicularity deviation of the guide rail, and determine the equivalent displacement that the template adjustment mechanism needs to compensate based on the perpendicularity deviation.

[0113] The adjustment range of the gap compensation amount is optimized based on the equivalent displacement amount, and the equivalent displacement amount is positively correlated with the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount.

[0114] Specifically, the larger the equivalent displacement, the more significant the influence of the guide rail perpendicularity deviation on the template pose, and the greater the adjustment range correction of the gap compensation amount; the smaller the equivalent displacement, the smaller the influence of the guide rail perpendicularity deviation, and the smaller the adjustment range correction of the gap compensation amount.

[0115] Specifically, the process of adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism also includes:

[0116] Acquire the synchronous displacement data of each motor during the climbing process, calculate the maximum synchronous difference, and determine the additional synchronous misalignment based on the parallelism deviation of the guide rail.

[0117] The adjustment range of the gap compensation amount is further modified based on the additional amount of synchronization misalignment, and the adjustment range of the additional amount of synchronization misalignment is positively correlated with the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount.

[0118] Specifically, the larger the additional amount of synchronous misalignment, the worse the synchronization of the climbing motor and the more significant the deviation of the guide rail parallelism, and the greater the adjustment range correction of the gap compensation amount; the smaller the additional amount of synchronous misalignment, the better the synchronization of the motor and the parallelism of the guide rail, and the smaller the adjustment range correction of the gap compensation amount.

[0119] Specifically, after determining the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism, if the construction accuracy of the bridge pier template is still not up to standard, the cause is determined to be a mismatch between the system's selection of the pier and the template, and the number of training samples is re-determined.

[0120] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork, characterized in that, include: Obtain the design requirements for bridge piers, including target size requirements and strength requirements; Based on the design requirements, the segment division of the high pier in the BIM model and the target geometric dimensions of each segment are determined; Based on the segment division and the target geometric dimensions, the corresponding template system in the BIM template component library is retrieved. The template system includes geometric dimension parameters, material strength parameters, and mechanism stroke parameters of the template adjustment mechanism. The template system is crawled in the BIM model; The climbing formwork results are subjected to virtual 3D detection to obtain the spatial deviation of the formwork system during the virtual construction process, and a visual color patch map is generated; The spatial deviation is used to determine the compliance status of the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork, and, if the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is found to be substandard, the cause is determined based on the cumulative deviation. Based on the determined cause, corresponding processing instructions are generated, including correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation when the cause is determined to be single-layer construction deviation, and adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism based on the cumulative adjustment amount when the cause is determined to be inter-layer cumulative misalignment. After correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device, based on the re-obtained spatial deviation, it is determined that the reason for the substandard construction accuracy of the high pier formwork is the cumulative misalignment between layers, and the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism is re-determined. After adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism, based on the re-obtained spatial deviation, it is determined that the construction accuracy of the bridge pier template is not up to standard. The cause is that the system selects the pier and the template in a mismatch, and the number of training samples is re-determined. Based on the spatial deviation, and assuming the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork is met, construction control data is exported from the BIM model to complete the on-site construction.

2. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The construction process of the climbing formwork includes: After the concrete pouring of the current segment is completed, install the support base, including the wall mount, the hanging bracket and the load-bearing pin; Install the next section of reinforcing steel, lower the scaffold, the formwork transfer device, and the formwork; The mold is closed and locked with a fixing device, concrete is poured, and the guide rail is installed after demolding. Move the climbing formwork upwards to the next construction section.

3. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the compliance status of bridge pier formwork construction accuracy based on spatial deviation includes: Obtain the measured three-dimensional coordinate data of each key measuring point of the template, overlay and compare it with the theoretical coordinates in the BIM model, and calculate the deviation values ​​of center offset, verticality, cross-sectional dimensions, embedded part position and torsion angle respectively. The deviation ratios are determined based on the ratios of each deviation value to its corresponding allowable limit. The arithmetic mean of the square root of the sum of the squares of the ratios of the various deviations is denoted as the spatial deviation. The standard status of the construction accuracy of the high bridge pier formwork is determined based on the spatial deviation.

4. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The process of determining the reasons for substandard construction accuracy of bridge pier formwork based on cumulative deviation includes: The cumulative misalignment between the current segment and several consecutive constructed segments is obtained. The cumulative misalignment is determined by the inter-layer misalignment of the key measuring points of each segment template relative to the top surface of the lower pier body. The inter-layer misalignment is determined by the deviation of the center offset, the verticality, the cross-sectional dimensions, the position of the embedded parts, and the torsion angle. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the cumulative misalignment ratios of adjacent segments, and denot it as the cumulative deviation. Based on the cumulative deviation, the reasons for the substandard construction accuracy of the bridge pier formwork are determined, and corresponding processing instructions are generated based on the determined reasons, including correcting the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device and adjusting the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism.

5. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the cause is determined to be a single-layer construction deviation, the process of correcting the preload torque value of the fixing device based on the intra-layer spatial deviation includes: Obtain the intra-layer deviation of each key measuring point of the current segment relative to the lower opening of the template of this layer, wherein the intra-layer deviation is determined by the deviation values ​​of the center offset, the verticality, the cross-sectional dimensions, the position of the embedded part, and the torsion angle; The average value of the comprehensive deviation ratio of each measuring point is calculated based on the intra-layer deviation and denoted as the intra-layer spatial deviation degree. The preload torque value of the fixing device is determined based on the intra-layer spatial deviation, and the intra-layer deviation is positively correlated with the preload torque value of the fixing device.

6. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After determining the pre-tightening torque value of the fixing device, and considering that the construction accuracy of the high pier formwork of the bridge is still not up to standard, the cause is determined to be the cumulative misalignment between layers, and an instruction is issued to adjust the gap compensation amount of the formwork adjustment mechanism.

7. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the cause is determined to be interlayer cumulative misalignment, the process of adjusting the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism based on the cumulative adjustment amount includes: Obtain the instructions for the theoretical adjustment amount issued by the current segment and several consecutive constructed segments to eliminate spatial deviation, and calculate the sum of the theoretical adjustment amounts, which is recorded as the cumulative adjustment amount; The gap compensation amount is determined based on the cumulative adjustment amount, and the cumulative adjustment amount is positively correlated with the gap compensation amount.

8. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The process of optimizing the gap compensation amount based on the equivalent displacement includes: Obtain the measured perpendicularity deviation of the guide rail, and determine the equivalent displacement that the template adjustment mechanism needs to compensate based on the perpendicularity deviation. The adjustment range of the gap compensation amount is optimized based on the equivalent displacement amount, and the equivalent displacement amount is positively correlated with the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount.

9. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The process of further correcting the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount based on the aforementioned synchronization misalignment additional amount includes: Acquire the synchronous displacement data of each motor during the climbing process, calculate the maximum synchronous difference, and determine the additional synchronous misalignment based on the parallelism deviation of the guide rail. The adjustment range of the gap compensation amount is further modified based on the additional amount of synchronization misalignment, and the adjustment range of the additional amount of synchronization misalignment is positively correlated with the adjustment range of the gap compensation amount.

10. The BIM-based digital management and high-precision construction method for bridge high pier formwork according to claim 9, characterized in that, After determining the gap compensation amount of the template adjustment mechanism, if the construction accuracy of the high pier template for bridges is still not up to standard, the cause is determined to be a mismatch between the system's selection of the high pier and the template, and the number of training samples is re-determined.

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