Dc decoupling method and device for ac-dc power grid in multi-platform joint simulation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic transient simulation of power system, and discloses a DC decoupling method and device for multi-platform joint simulation of AC / DC power grid, which comprises the following steps: taking a DC transmission line as a decoupling node, dividing the AC / DC hybrid power grid into multiple independent subnets, and deploying each subnet on a different real-time simulation platform; selecting a line section in the DC transmission line as a decoupling interface, and using a Bergeron model to equivalently convert both ends of the line into decoupling equivalent circuits, wherein the decoupling equivalent circuits contain historical current sources and equivalent resistors; and calculating the electromagnetic transient process of each subnet on each real-time simulation platform in parallel, and interacting the data at both ends of the decoupling interface in real time to update the historical current sources of each subnet. The DC transmission line is taken as a natural decoupling node, a decoupling interface is constructed by using a Bergeron model, and multi-platform distributed parallel simulation of the AC / DC hybrid power grid is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic transient simulation technology for power systems, and specifically to a DC decoupling method and apparatus for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform joint simulation. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale application of ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission technology in my country, cross-regional asynchronous interconnection has become the typical operating mode of the national power grid. The new power grid structure, characterized by AC / DC hybrid interconnection, dense multi-DC feed-in, and a high proportion of new energy and power electronic equipment integration, is becoming increasingly complex, exhibiting new transient characteristics such as wide-frequency oscillations, subsynchronous resonance, and strong AC / DC coupling. This places system-level, refined, and large-scale demands on the accuracy, scale, and real-time performance of electromagnetic transient simulation, which traditional local device-level simulation can no longer meet.

[0003] Current real-time electromagnetic transient simulations of power systems primarily rely on single dedicated simulation platforms (such as RTDS, Hypersim, and RT-lab). Due to physical limitations in hardware parallel computing capabilities, memory, and computing resources, the simulation scale has a clear upper limit while ensuring microsecond-level simulation steps and high-precision calculations, making it difficult to support real-time electromagnetic transient simulations of large-scale asynchronous interconnected power grids across regions. While traditional hybrid simulation can simulate power grids in some areas, it suffers from poor hardware scalability, high maintenance costs, and insufficient compatibility with multiple platforms. Conventional power grid decoupling methods are mostly designed for AC power grids and cannot adapt to the topological characteristics and electrical coupling patterns of asynchronous DC interconnected networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a DC decoupling method and apparatus for AC / DC power grids in multi-platform joint simulation, to solve the problems of insufficient computing power of a single real-time simulation platform and the inapplicability of traditional decoupling methods to DC lines.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a DC decoupling method for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation, the method comprising: Using DC transmission lines as decoupling nodes, the AC / DC hybrid power grid is divided into multiple independent sub-networks, and each sub-network is deployed on a different real-time simulation platform. A section of the DC transmission line is selected as the decoupling interface. The Bergeron model is used to represent both ends of the line as equivalent decoupling circuits, which include historical current sources and equivalent resistances. The electromagnetic transient processes of their respective subnets are calculated in parallel on each real-time simulation platform, and the data at both ends of the decoupling interface are exchanged in real time to update their respective historical current sources.

[0006] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: The total latency of cross-platform data interaction is measured, and the latency of the interacted data is compensated based on the deviation between the total latency and the theoretical propagation latency of the line.

[0007] In one optional implementation, the total latency of cross-platform data interaction is measured, and latency compensation is performed on the interacted data based on the deviation between the total latency and the theoretical propagation delay of the line, including: Calculate the difference between the total delay and the theoretical propagation delay of the line, wherein the total delay includes the simulation step delay, the fiber transmission delay, and the interface processing delay; If the difference is greater than or equal to zero, then linear interpolation is used from the received data from the other end to calculate the historical time corresponding to the theoretical propagation delay of the line. If the difference is less than zero, the theoretical propagation delay can be increased by adjusting the length of the line segment selected by the decoupling interface, or by using linear extrapolation to predict data for future moments.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the electromagnetic transient processes of each subnet are calculated in parallel on each real-time simulation platform, and the data at both ends of the decoupling interface are exchanged in real time to update their respective historical current sources, including: Each real-time simulation platform independently performs electromagnetic transient calculations for its subnet. At the end of each simulation step, it sends the voltage and current data of its decoupling interface at the current moment to the peer platform via a communication link. After receiving the data sent by the peer platform, each real-time simulation platform substitutes the received voltage and current into the historical current source calculation formula of the Bergeron model to obtain the historical current source of its own end at the next moment. Each platform uses the updated historical current source to perform simulation calculations for the next moment, and this cycle continues until the simulation ends.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the voltage and current across the decoupling equivalent circuit satisfy the following relationship: Sending end k The expression for the current: ; Receiving end m The expression for the current:

[0010] in, for t From the node k The current flowing into the line, The characteristic impedance of the transmission line. for t Time Node k voltage to ground, For nodes k Historical current sources at the location, for t From the node m The current flowing into the line, for t Time Node m voltage to ground, For nodes m Historical current sources at the location, This refers to the propagation delay of the traveling wave on the line.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, the historical current source satisfies the following relationship: Sending end k Historical current source expression: ; Receiving end m Historical current source expression:

[0012] in, For nodes m At a historical moment voltage, For nodes m At a historical moment The current flowing into the line, For nodes k At a historical moment voltage, For nodes k At a historical moment Current flowing into the line.

[0013] In one alternative implementation, the equivalent resistance is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, which is determined by the inductance per unit length and the capacitance per unit length.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a DC decoupling device for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation, the device comprising: The deployment module is used to divide the AC / DC hybrid power grid into multiple independent subnets using DC transmission lines as decoupling nodes, and deploy each subnet on a different real-time simulation platform. The decoupling module is used to select a line segment of the DC transmission line as the decoupling interface, and uses the Bergeron model to convert both ends of the line into equivalent decoupling circuits, wherein the equivalent decoupling circuits include historical current sources and equivalent resistances. The calculation module is used to perform parallel calculations of the electromagnetic transient processes of each subnet on each real-time simulation platform and to exchange data between the two ends of the decoupling interface in real time to update their respective historical current sources.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the AC / DC power grid DC decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0016] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the AC / DC grid DC decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0017] This application uses DC transmission lines as natural decoupling nodes and constructs decoupling interfaces through the Bergeron model to achieve distributed parallel simulation of AC / DC hybrid power grids across multiple platforms. This effectively overcomes the computing power bottleneck of a single real-time simulation platform and significantly improves the simulation scale and computational efficiency. A decoupling equivalent circuit containing historical current sources and equivalent resistance is adopted to achieve complete decoupling of electrical quantities across platforms, eliminating the need for simultaneous simultaneous solutions and ensuring the stability of simulation numerical values. By updating historical current sources through real-time data interaction, the AC / DC coupling characteristics are accurately reproduced, resulting in high simulation accuracy and strong applicability. It can support large-scale cross-regional power grid electromagnetic transient simulation, fault mechanism analysis, and control strategy verification. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a DC decoupling method for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission line interface structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an equivalent circuit for decoupling both ends of a line based on the Bergeron model according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an AC / DC power grid DC decoupling device for multi-platform co-simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] This invention provides a DC decoupling method for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S1: Using DC transmission lines as decoupling nodes, the AC / DC hybrid power grid is divided into multiple independent sub-networks, and each sub-network is deployed on a different real-time simulation platform.

[0024] Specifically, this embodiment uses a large-scale AC / DC hybrid power grid as the simulation object. First, taking the DC transmission lines in the power grid as natural decoupling nodes, the complete AC / DC hybrid power grid topology is divided into multiple structurally independent, electrically weakly coupled subnets. Each subnet contains a corresponding AC power grid, converter station, and part of the DC line section, and the subnets are electrically connected only through DC transmission lines.

[0025] The resulting independent subnets are deployed on different real-time simulation platforms. Each real-time simulation platform is independent of the others, possesses electromagnetic transient parallel computing capabilities, and is connected to each other via high-speed communication links, enabling real-time data exchange and timing synchronization, providing the hardware operating environment for subsequent distributed co-simulation. Each real-time simulation platform utilizes FPGA hardware clock synchronization.

[0026] Step S2: Select a section of the DC transmission line as the decoupling interface. Use the Bergeron model to represent both ends of the line as equivalent decoupling circuits, which include historical current sources and equivalent resistances. To ensure the numerical stability of the Bergeron model, the propagation delay of the decoupling interface section must be greater than the real-time simulation step size of electromagnetic transients to provide a stability margin.

[0027] Specifically, after the subnet deployment is completed, a continuous line section in the DC transmission line is selected as the decoupling interface for cross-platform joint simulation. This decoupling interface is located between two adjacent subnets, with each end corresponding to a different real-time simulation platform.

[0028] This embodiment employs Transmission Line Modeling (TLM) to decouple interfaces across regional power grids. Its core is the Bergeron model-based transmission line equivalent method, replacing the traditional lumped-parameter inductor / capacitor equivalent method. The core principle of the Bergeron model is to equate the transmission line to an independent Thevenin / Norton circuit at both ends, where the voltage and current relationships at both ends are transmitted only through historical state variables, thereby achieving decoupling between regional power grids.

[0029] For the selected decoupling interface, the Bergeron model is used for equivalent processing, and the two ends of the line of the decoupling interface are respectively equivalent to independent decoupling equivalent circuits. Each decoupling equivalent circuit includes a historical current source and an equivalent resistance. The historical current source is used to characterize the historical electrical state of the line section at the other end, and the equivalent resistance is determined by the line parameters of the decoupling interface and the simulation step size.

[0030] Specifically, for Figure 2 The simulation system interface structure shown has regional power grids A and B connected through an equivalent transmission line interface, and the current and voltage of the interface satisfy the equivalent circuit constraint relationship.

[0031] Regional power grid A side: Port voltage v A ( k ) and current i A ( k This is equivalent to a Thevenin circuit, and its equivalent voltage source is... The series equivalent resistance is R; Regional power grid B side: Port voltage v B ( k ) and current i B ( kIt is equivalent to a symmetrical Norton / Thevenin circuit, which only needs to obtain the state parameters of the other end at the previous moment to complete the calculation on this side. There is no need to solve the variables at both ends simultaneously, thus realizing the regional parallel simulation of large-scale power systems.

[0032] Furthermore, the equivalent open-loop transfer function of the transmission line model method is: (1) in, Z s Line impedance ，Z lk This is the equivalent port impedance. The reflection coefficient reflects the impedance matching characteristics between the line and the port.

[0033] By using the Bergeron model equivalence, the electrical quantities on both sides of the decoupling interface are only related through historical current sources, eliminating the need for simultaneous simultaneous solution of electrical variables at both ends. This achieves complete decoupling of the two subnets in both numerical and time dimensions, providing a foundation for multi-platform parallel simulation. Compared with traditional lumped parameter equivalence methods, the TLM decoupling method adopted in this embodiment achieves complete decoupling across regional power grids through the traveling wave time delay characteristics of the Bergeron model. It supports parallel simulation on different platforms and with different step sizes, significantly improving the computational efficiency of electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale power systems while ensuring numerical stability.

[0034] Step S3: Calculate the electromagnetic transient process of each subnet in parallel on each real-time simulation platform, and exchange data at both ends of the decoupled interface in real time to update their respective historical current sources.

[0035] Specifically, after completing the decoupling interface modeling, each real-time simulation platform is started. Each platform independently and in parallel calculates the electromagnetic transient process of the deployed subnet, including the transient response of the AC power grid, the operating characteristics of the converter station, and the transient fluctuations of the DC line. The simulation process maintains a uniform electromagnetic transient calculation step size.

[0036] Within each simulation step, each real-time simulation platform acquires the voltage and current data of the local decoupling interface in real time and sends the data to the simulation platform at the other end via a high-speed communication link. At the same time, each platform receives the voltage and current data of the interface sent by the other end and updates the historical current source in the local decoupling equivalent circuit in real time based on the received historical data.

[0037] By using real-time data interaction and iterative updates of historical current sources, precise coupling of electrical characteristics between multiple platforms is achieved, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of parallel computing results for each subnet, and completing multi-platform joint electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale AC / DC hybrid power grids.

[0038] This application uses DC transmission lines as natural decoupling nodes and constructs decoupling interfaces through the Bergeron model to achieve distributed parallel simulation of AC / DC hybrid power grids across multiple platforms. This effectively overcomes the computing power bottleneck of a single real-time simulation platform and significantly improves the simulation scale and computational efficiency. A decoupling equivalent circuit containing historical current sources and equivalent resistance is adopted to achieve complete decoupling of electrical quantities across platforms, eliminating the need for simultaneous simultaneous solutions and ensuring the stability of simulation numerical values. By updating historical current sources through real-time data interaction, the AC / DC coupling characteristics are accurately reproduced, resulting in high simulation accuracy and strong applicability. It can support large-scale cross-regional power grid electromagnetic transient simulation, fault mechanism analysis, and control strategy verification.

[0039] In one optional implementation, step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: Each real-time simulation platform independently performs electromagnetic transient calculations for its subnet. At the end of each simulation step, it sends the voltage and current data of its decoupling interface at the current moment to the peer platform via a communication link.

[0040] Specifically, each real-time simulation platform independently performs electromagnetic transient calculations for its respective subnet, strictly adhering to a unified simulation step size. After each simulation step is completed, each platform collects real-time voltage and current data from its local decoupling interface and transmits this data to the other simulation platform via a high-speed inter-platform communication link.

[0041] Step S32: After receiving the data sent by the peer platform, each real-time simulation platform substitutes the received voltage and current into the historical current source calculation formula of the Bergeron model to obtain the historical current source of the local end at the next moment.

[0042] Specifically, each real-time simulation platform monitors the communication link data in real time. After receiving the voltage and current data sent by the peer platform, it substitutes the data into the historical current source calculation formula corresponding to the Bergeron model to complete the numerical calculation and obtain the historical current source parameters required by the local decoupling interface at the next simulation moment.

[0043] In step S33, each platform uses the updated historical current source to perform simulation calculations for the next moment, and repeats this cycle until the simulation ends.

[0044] Specifically, each real-time simulation platform will substitute the updated historical current source parameters into the electromagnetic transient calculation process for the next simulation step, and carry out a new round of subnet transient process solving. The above-mentioned cycle of "step calculation - data transmission - data reception - historical current source update - next round of calculation" will be repeated until the simulation task of the preset duration is completed, so as to realize the continuous and stable operation of multi-platform joint electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale AC / DC hybrid power grid.

[0045] In one alternative implementation, to clarify the theoretical basis of the Bergeron model, the voltage and current fluctuation equations of a single lossless transmission line are derived from the basic traveling wave theory of transmission lines, and their analytical solutions are obtained through characteristic line transformation, providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent decoupling interface design based on the Bergeron model.

[0046] Starting from the basic traveling wave theory of transmission lines, the voltage and current fluctuation equations of a single lossless transmission line are derived, and their analytical solutions are obtained through characteristic line transformation, providing a theoretical basis for the design of decoupling interfaces based on the Bergeron model.

[0047] Consider a uniform, lossless transmission line with an inductance per unit length of: L Capacitance per unit length is C At any position x At any time t voltage of transmission line u ( x , t ) and current i ( x , t It satisfies the following system of first-order partial differential equations: (2) To simplify the solution, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line is introduced. Z c With wave speed v The definition is as follows: (3) By linearly combining the above system of partial differential equations, the voltage and current can be decomposed into traveling wave and anti-traveling wave components propagating along the line: (4) Among them, the traveling wave along x Propagation in the positive direction of the axis satisfies the propagation trajectory x - vt A constant, an inverse traveling wave along x Propagation in the negative axis direction satisfies the propagation trajectory x + vt Since the initial wave is a constant, the solutions for the traveling wave and the anti-traveling wave can be expressed as a translation of the waveform at the initial moment: (5) Based on the traveling wave theory of preceding lossless transmission lines, the decoupling equivalent circuit of the Bergeron model is derived, and the mathematical expression of its decoupling characteristics is clarified.

[0048] For length of l For a lossless transmission line, the traveling wave propagation delay is defined as: (6) Where v is the traveling wave propagation speed, which is the inductance per unit length of the line. L ,capacitance C Decide: .

[0049] Using the method of characteristics, a distributed parameter circuit can be equivalently represented as a Norton circuit with independent terminals. The historical current sources in the circuit are calculated from the historical voltage and current at the opposite terminal node. Let the two terminals of the circuit be the sending end. k and receiving end m The derivation process is as follows: First, by inversely solving the relationship between voltage, current, and the traveling / reverse wave, the sending end can be obtained. k Voltage and current at: (7) According to the propagation characteristics of traveling waves, the process of a forward traveling wave propagating from the sending end to the receiving end satisfies: (8) Right now t The forward wave component at the receiving end is equal to that at the sending end. The traveling wave component at time t; similarly, t The inverse traveling wave component at the sending end is equal to that at the receiving end. The anti-traveling wave component at time t.

[0050] Combined with the receiving end m The relationship between voltage, current, and wave components at a given point can be obtained as follows: (9) Organize and send the end k The expression for the current: (10) in, for t From the node k The current flowing into the line, The characteristic impedance of the transmission line. for t Time Node k voltage to ground, For the propagation delay of the traveling wave on the line, For nodes k Historical current sources at the location.

[0051] Sending end k The expression for the historical current source is: (11) in, For nodes mAt a historical moment voltage, For nodes m At a historical moment Current flowing into the line.

[0052] Similarly, at the receiving end m The symmetrical current expression can be obtained at this point: (12) in, for t From the node m The current flowing into the line, for t Time Node m voltage to ground, For nodes m Historical current sources at the location.

[0053] Receiving end m Historical current source expression: (13) in, For nodes k At a historical moment voltage, For nodes k At a historical moment Current flowing into the line.

[0054] The above-derived equations (10)-(13) constitute the equivalent circuit for decoupling at both ends of the line based on the Bergeron model, and its topology is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Among them, x The distance from the beginning of the line to any point on the line is d, and the length of each unit of the line is d. x Having inductance L 0d x and capacitor C 0d x ; u for x instantaneous voltage to ground at the location, i for x The instantaneous ground current at the location, This represents the instantaneous voltage to ground at the end of the micro-element segment. This represents the instantaneous ground current at the end of the micro-element segment. This circuit decouples the electrical quantities at both ends of the line into quantities that depend solely on time delay. τThe method calculates the historical voltage and current sources at the opposite end without simultaneously solving the simultaneous equations on both sides, achieving complete decoupling of the two ends of the line in terms of time and numerical values. Compared with the traditional lumped parameter equivalent model, this method has higher simulation accuracy and numerical stability in broadband transient scenarios such as DC faults and high-frequency oscillations. At the same time, it naturally supports regional parallel simulation and cross-platform joint simulation of large-scale power systems, significantly improving the computational efficiency and interface adaptability of electromagnetic transient simulation of complex power grids.

[0055] Based on this, a certain physical segment of the DC transmission line is used as the decoupling interface and the Bergeron equivalent model is used for equivalent simulation. For the remaining parts of the line outside the interface, the frequency-dependent model or the original detailed model is used according to the simulation requirements, so as to balance the decoupling effect and the simulation accuracy.

[0056] Assume the total length of the DC line is L Select a length of l i The line segment serves as the decoupling interface, and this interface segment is located at the line coordinates. to Between them, the interface connects to two independent simulation platforms at each end. The key parameters of the interface model are defined as follows: (1) Characteristic impedance ( , (Inductance and capacitance per unit length) (2) Propagation delay ,

[0057] The electrical quantity relationship between the two sides of the interface is described by equations (10)-(13), where the historical current source needs to be calculated by the data transmitted in real time by the peer platform through optical fiber.

[0058] In one alternative implementation, the equivalent resistance is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, which is determined by the inductance and capacitance per unit length.

[0059] Specifically, the equivalent resistance in the decoupling equivalent circuit is taken as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line. Z c This characteristic impedance Z c The inductance per unit length of the decoupling interface section L and capacitance per unit length C The decision is made jointly, and the specific calculation formula is as follows: By setting the equivalent resistance as the characteristic impedance of the line, the Bergeron model can accurately match the transient electrical characteristics of DC transmission lines, ensuring the equivalent accuracy of the decoupling interface and improving the numerical stability and transient response accuracy of cross-platform simulations.

[0060] In one alternative implementation, the method further includes the following steps: Step S4: Measure the total latency of cross-platform data interaction, and compensate for the latency of the interacted data based on the deviation between the total latency and the theoretical propagation latency of the line.

[0061] Specifically, in actual cross-platform co-simulation, various delays exist in the data interaction process, causing the calculated data of historical current sources to lag behind the theoretical time, introducing simulation errors and even numerical oscillations. This embodiment compensates for the delay of the interacting data based on the deviation between the total delay and the theoretical propagation delay of the line, thereby eliminating the impact of non-ideal interaction delays and ensuring the stability of the decoupling interface.

[0062] Furthermore, step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: Calculate the difference between the total delay and the theoretical propagation delay of the line. The total delay includes the simulation step delay, the fiber transmission delay, and the interface processing delay.

[0063] Step S42: If the difference is greater than or equal to zero, then use linear interpolation to calculate the historical time corresponding to the theoretical propagation delay of the line from the received data from the other end.

[0064] Step S43: If the difference is less than zero, the theoretical propagation delay is increased by adjusting the length of the line segment selected by the decoupling interface, or by using linear extrapolation to predict the data at future moments.

[0065] In this embodiment, the total latency of cross-platform data interaction T d It consists of three parts: simulation step delay T s Fiber optic transmission delay T f Interface processing latency T p Simulation step size delay T s The simulation platform's single calculation cycle time; fiber optic transmission delay. T f Transmission time of data signals through the physical link between platforms; interface processing delay. T p The total latency for cross-platform data interaction consists of the time required for data packaging, unpacking, and verification. T d Without compensation, the actual usable data will lag behind the theoretically required timeframe. At certain times, errors in the calculation of historical current sources occur, affecting the stability of the simulation.

[0066] This embodiment introduces a compensation mechanism to ensure that the actual equivalent delay used in the calculation is equal to the theoretical propagation delay of the line. τ This eliminates the impact of non-ideal interaction delays.

[0067] Historical current sources should theoretically use The peer data is available at any given time; however, in actual interaction, only the peer data can be obtained. The data is updated at a time interval that matches the simulation step size. The compensation amount is defined as follows: (14) Based on total delay T d Propagation delay with line theory τ Different compensation strategies are adopted for the deviation relationship: (1) When the difference is greater than or equal to zero, i.e. At this time, the theory requires Since the time-based data falls within the range of received historical data, linear interpolation can be used to estimate the time-based data from the received historical data. Electrical quantity at any given moment.

[0068] (15) in, X This represents voltage or current. This method can achieve a high-precision approximation of theoretical data without changing the interface parameters.

[0069] (2) When the difference is less than zero, i.e. This indicates that the data for the theoretically required time has not yet arrived, and no valid historical data is available. Compensation can be achieved in two ways: first, by adjusting the length of the line segment selected by the decoupling interface, thus increasing the theoretical propagation delay of the line. ,make First, it satisfies the linear interpolation condition; second, based on the received historical data, it uses linear extrapolation to predict the electrical data at future moments, or reduces the simulation step size. T s To reduce overall latency T d The predicted or corrected data is used to update historical current sources, avoiding simulation instability, waveform distortion, or accuracy degradation due to timing deviations. Linear extrapolation allows a maximum of one simulation step to prevent simulation divergence caused by distorted predicted data.

[0070] Through the above-mentioned delay measurement and compensation, the impact of non-ideal delay in cross-platform data interaction can be effectively eliminated, ensuring the timing alignment and numerical consistency of electrical quantities on both sides of the decoupling interface during multi-platform joint simulation, thereby improving the overall simulation accuracy and stability.

[0071] To further illustrate the engineering feasibility and implementation effect of the technical solution of this application, the following section takes the ±500kV LCC conventional DC transmission system as a typical application scenario and presents a complete implementation scheme for cross-platform joint simulation, which will be elaborated from three aspects: system composition, implementation steps and verification results.

[0072] The cross-platform co-simulation system consists of three parts: a hardware layer, a software digital model layer, and a communication interaction layer. Each layer works together to adapt to the cross-platform co-simulation requirements based on DC line decoupling, ensuring the real-time performance, stability, and accuracy of electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale AC / DC hybrid power grids.

[0073] (1) Hardware layer 1) Heterogeneous real-time simulator: compatible with mainstream commercial real-time simulation platforms such as Hypersim and RT-lab, each simulator independently undertakes the electromagnetic transient parallel computing task of a subnet; 2) FPGA optical communication module: The OP5607 / VC707 series field programmable gate array (FPGA) is used to realize high-speed data transmission and reception, frame verification and high-precision clock synchronization between platforms; 3) SFP fiber optic link: LC-LC multimode 850nm fiber is selected, supporting multiple transmission rates of 2.5Gb, 5Gb and 10Gb. The single link communication delay does not exceed 200ns, meeting the requirements of microsecond-level real-time interaction.

[0074] (2) Software digital model layer 1) Real-time digital model of DC system: The sending-end AC and rectifier side system is developed based on the RT-LAB platform, and the receiving-end AC and inverter side system is developed based on the HYPERSIM platform, which fully restores the actual parameters of ±500kV DC project and ABB high voltage DC control and protection logic. 2) Decoupling Interface Model Module: Based on the Bergeron model, a decoupling interface for DC transmission lines is constructed, integrating core functions such as real-time calculation of historical current sources and cross-platform delay compensation; 3) Benchmark Simulation Module: Completes refined modeling of the entire power grid on a single platform, conducts steady-state operation and typical fault condition simulations, and outputs benchmark waveform data of key electrical quantities such as voltage, current, and power; 4) Waveform Comparison and Optimization Module: Supports parallel modeling and calculation of single-platform benchmark simulation and cross-platform joint simulation, realizing automatic alignment, quantitative evaluation of coincidence, and visual comparative analysis of simulation waveforms across multiple platforms.

[0075] (3) Communication Interaction Layer 1) Data transmission protocol: The Aurora 8B / 10B universal transparent transmission protocol is adopted, which supports 128 channels of single-precision floating-point bidirectional parallel real-time transmission to meet the high-speed interaction requirements of voltage, current, switch status and control signals. 2) Clock synchronization module: Based on the main platform clock, the clock of the slave platform is calibrated through the FPGA hard synchronization link to achieve microsecond-level clock alignment between multiple platforms and ensure the consistency of simulation timing of each subnet.

[0076] The constructed ±500kV LCC DC transmission system single-platform real-time digital model uniformly sets the electromagnetic transient simulation step size to 50μs, and the primary system parameters and control and protection logic strictly match the actual engineering situation. The model was deployed on both a single platform and a cross-platform distributed architecture. After the system reached a stable steady state, key electrical waveforms under typical operating conditions such as steady-state operation, AC single-phase faults, and AC three-phase faults were collected and recorded for subsequent simulation accuracy and stability verification.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a DC decoupling device for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0078] This application represents a significant breakthrough in simulation scale, with overall simulation capabilities more than doubling compared to a single platform. It can perform real-time simulation of full electromagnetic transients in large-scale AC / DC cross-regional power grids. In terms of accuracy, it ensures reliable performance, with highly consistent waveform overlap between cross-platform and single-platform simulations, exhibiting no oscillations or distortions. Regarding real-time performance, it strictly maintains a 50μs standard electromagnetic transient step size, fully meeting the real-time requirements of hardware-in-the-loop and control protection testing. Furthermore, it possesses excellent versatility, adapting to various DC transmission projects, compatible with mainstream real-time simulation platforms, and expandable to multi-platform joint simulation with three or more platforms, forming an efficient, accurate, and universal cross-platform real-time simulation capability.

[0079] This embodiment provides a DC decoupling device for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: Deployment module 41 is used to divide the AC / DC hybrid power grid into multiple independent subnets using DC transmission lines as decoupling nodes, and deploy each subnet on a different real-time simulation platform. Decoupling module 42 is used to select a line segment of the DC transmission line as the decoupling interface. The Bergeron model is used to convert both ends of the line into equivalent decoupling circuits. The equivalent decoupling circuits include historical current sources and equivalent resistances. The calculation module 43 is used to calculate the electromagnetic transient process of each subnet in parallel on each real-time simulation platform and to exchange data at both ends of the decoupled interface in real time to update their respective historical current sources.

[0080] The AC / DC power grid decoupling device for multi-platform co-simulation provided in this invention can execute the AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation provided in any embodiment of this invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Further functional descriptions of the various modules and units are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 502 or a program loaded from memory 508 into random access memory (RAM) 503. The RAM 503 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are interconnected via a bus 504. An input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0083] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 505: input devices 506 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 507 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 508 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 509. Communication device 509 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 5 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0084] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 509, or installed from a memory 508, or installed from a ROM 502. When the computer program is executed by the processor 501, it performs the functions defined in the AC / DC power grid DC decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 5 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0086] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the DC decoupling method for AC / DC power grids for multi-platform co-simulation shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0087] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A DC decoupling method for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation, characterized in that, The method includes: Using DC transmission lines as decoupling nodes, the AC / DC hybrid power grid is divided into multiple independent sub-networks, and each sub-network is deployed on a different real-time simulation platform. A section of the DC transmission line is selected as the decoupling interface. The Bergeron model is used to represent both ends of the line as equivalent decoupling circuits, which include historical current sources and equivalent resistances. The electromagnetic transient processes of their respective subnets are calculated in parallel on each real-time simulation platform, and the data at both ends of the decoupling interface are exchanged in real time to update their respective historical current sources.

2. The AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The total latency of cross-platform data interaction is measured, and the latency of the interacted data is compensated based on the deviation between the total latency and the theoretical propagation latency of the line.

3. The AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, Measure the total latency of cross-platform data interaction, and compensate for the latency of the interacted data based on the deviation between the total latency and the theoretical propagation latency of the line, including: Calculate the difference between the total delay and the theoretical propagation delay of the line, wherein the total delay includes the simulation step delay, the fiber transmission delay, and the interface processing delay; If the difference is greater than or equal to zero, then linear interpolation is used from the received data from the other end to calculate the historical time corresponding to the theoretical propagation delay of the line. If the difference is less than zero, the theoretical propagation delay can be increased by adjusting the length of the line segment selected by the decoupling interface, or by using linear extrapolation to predict data for future moments.

4. The AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic transient processes of their respective subnets are calculated in parallel on each real-time simulation platform, and the data at both ends of the decoupling interface are exchanged in real time to update their respective historical current sources, including: Each real-time simulation platform independently performs electromagnetic transient calculations for its subnet. At the end of each simulation step, it sends the voltage and current data of its decoupling interface at the current moment to the peer platform via a communication link. After receiving the data sent by the peer platform, each real-time simulation platform substitutes the received voltage and current into the historical current source calculation formula of the Bergeron model to obtain the historical current source of its own end at the next moment. Each platform uses the updated historical current source to perform simulation calculations for the next moment, and this cycle continues until the simulation ends.

5. The AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage and current across the decoupling equivalent circuit satisfy the following relationship: Sending end k The expression for the current: ； Receiving end m The expression for the current: in, for t From the node k The current flowing into the line, The characteristic impedance of the transmission line. for t Time Node k voltage to ground, For nodes k Historical current sources at the location, for t From the node m The current flowing into the line, for t Time Node m voltage to ground, For nodes m Historical current sources at the location, This refers to the propagation delay of the traveling wave on the line.

6. The AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The historical current sources satisfy the following relationship: Sending end k Historical current source expression: ； Receiving end m Historical current source expression: in, For nodes m At a historical moment voltage, For nodes m At a historical moment The current flowing into the line, For nodes k At a historical moment voltage, For nodes k At a historical moment Current flowing into the line.

7. The AC / DC power grid decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equivalent resistance is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, which is determined by the inductance per unit length and the capacitance per unit length.

8. A DC decoupling device for AC / DC power grids used in multi-platform co-simulation, characterized in that, The device includes: The deployment module is used to divide the AC / DC hybrid power grid into multiple independent subnets using DC transmission lines as decoupling nodes, and deploy each subnet on a different real-time simulation platform. The decoupling module is used to select a line segment of the DC transmission line as the decoupling interface, and uses the Bergeron model to convert both ends of the line into equivalent decoupling circuits, wherein the equivalent decoupling circuits include historical current sources and equivalent resistances. The calculation module is used to perform parallel calculations of the electromagnetic transient processes of each subnet on each real-time simulation platform and to exchange data between the two ends of the decoupling interface in real time to update their respective historical current sources.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the DC decoupling method for AC / DC power grids for multi-platform co-simulation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the AC / DC grid DC decoupling method for multi-platform co-simulation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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