A method for assessing the hazard of wind-borne debris under glass and its penetration

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wind carries the method for evaluating the danger of glass and its penetration and electronic equipment, belong to structural safety evaluation technical field.The method is first obtained after glass system is impacted by wind carries debris impact data, including penetration data and glass fragment data;Then according to penetration mass and penetration speed calculation energy term, according to the geometric feature of penetration section calculation geometry term, and then construct penetration dangerous index;At the same time, according to preset dangerous criterion screening dangerous fragment, based on fragment mass, size and flying distance calculation single fragment dangerous value and summation obtains fragment total dangerous index, then normalizes using initial impact energy to obtain glass dangerous index;Finally, based on penetration dangerous index and glass dangerous index, different glass systems are jointly evaluated and sorted.The application can simultaneously represent penetration residual danger and glass fragment flying danger, and provides scientific basis for performance selection of impact-resistant glass system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural safety assessment technology, and in particular to a method for assessing the hazards of glass and its penetrating objects under wind-carried debris. Background Technology

[0002] In extreme wind disasters such as strong winds, typhoons, and tornadoes, various debris carried by airflows can form high-speed projectiles, posing a serious high-energy impact threat to building envelopes. Among these, wood strips, due to their large mass and high momentum, are highly likely to penetrate glass systems such as curtain walls and windows, carrying residual kinetic energy into the interior and directly endangering the safety of people and property. Therefore, accurately assessing the safety of glass systems under wind-borne debris impact is crucial for building wind-resistant design and disaster risk prevention. Current research on the impact resistance of glass systems mainly focuses on several aspects: determining whether the glass has broken, whether it has been penetrated, observing crack propagation patterns, assessing the residual integrity of broken glass, measuring the residual velocity of penetrating objects, and statistically analyzing the number or mass of fragments formed after breakage.

[0003] The inventors of this application discovered in their research that existing assessment methods mostly rely on single, physically defined evaluation indicators. For example, residual velocity can characterize the remaining force of the penetrating object, and the number or mass distribution of fragments can, to some extent, reflect the scale of the debris generated after the glass breaks. However, these single indicators often only focus on one aspect of the post-impact hazard and cannot provide a comprehensive and integrated hazard quantification result. In fact, when a glass system is penetrated by wind-carried debris, the indoor environment will simultaneously face two different types of hazard sources. The first type is the impact hazard caused by the continued high-speed movement of residual debris into the room after penetration, the degree of which mainly depends on the mass, velocity, and geometry of the penetrating object. The second type is the danger of cutting, punctures, etc., caused by the scattering or falling of fragments formed after the glass body breaks, the degree of which is determined by multiple factors such as the number, size, shape, and scattering distance of the fragments.

[0004] Because these two types of hazards differ significantly in their physical mechanisms, units of measurement, and manifestations, existing assessment methods struggle to directly compare and comprehensively weigh them within a unified computational framework. This lack of assessment capability directly hinders the objective ranking of the overall post-impact hazards of different glass systems during the design phase, thus impacting the performance-based selection and optimized design of impact-resistant glass systems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method that can simultaneously quantify the residual hazard of penetrating objects and the hazard of glass fragment dispersion, and effectively assess and rank the overall post-impact hazards of different glass systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method for assessing the hazards of glass and its penetrating objects under wind-carried debris. The purpose is to simultaneously consider the residual hazards of penetrating objects and the hazards of glass fragment scattering, so as to achieve a unified quantification and ranking of the comprehensive hazards of different glass systems after impact.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed in this application is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a method for hazard assessment of glass and its penetrating objects under wind-carried debris, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain impact data of the glass system after it is impacted by wind-carried debris. The impact data includes at least the mass of the penetrated material after penetration. M initial velocity v 0. Penetration speed v t Long side of the cross section a , short side of the cross section b Cross-sectional area A T And the mass of each fragment in the glass shard set. m i , three-dimensional dimensions and L i Maximum size S i and scattering distance d i ; S2, based on the mass M of the penetrating object and the penetration speed v t Calculate the energy term λ of the penetrating object; S3. Calculate the geometric term ψ of the penetrating object based on the aspect ratio and cross-sectional area of ​​the penetrating object; S4. Calculate the penetrating object hazard index based on the penetrating object energy term λ and the penetrating object geometry term ψ. D T ; S5. Select dangerous fragments from the set of glass fragments according to preset danger criteria, and calculate the danger value of each dangerous fragment. ; S6. Sum the hazard values ​​of all hazardous fragments to obtain the total hazard index of glass fragments. D u ; S7. Based on the total hazard index of the glass fragments... D u The glass hazard index is calculated based on the initial impact energy of the penetrating object. ; S8. Based on the aforementioned hazard index of the penetrating object D T and the glass hazard index This involves conducting joint hazard assessments, hazard rankings, or hazard classifications for different glass systems.

[0008] Furthermore, the penetrating energy term λ in step S2 satisfies: l = M·v t ² / ( M r ·v r ² ),in M r For reference quality, v r For reference speed.

[0009] Furthermore, the penetrating geometry term ψ in step S3 satisfies: ψ =( a / b )·( A 0 / A T ) β ,in A 0 represents the reference area per unit. β This is the coordination coefficient.

[0010] Furthermore, the penetrating hazard index mentioned in step S4 D T satisfy: D T =λ·ψ .

[0011] Furthermore, the hazard value of the individual hazardous fragment described in step S5 : ,in m ref , L ref , S ref , d ref These are reference values ​​for mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scattering distance, respectively. , , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0012] Furthermore, the total hazard index of the glass fragments mentioned in step S6 D u satisfy: D u =ΣD i .

[0013] Furthermore, the glass hazard index mentioned in step S7 satisfy: .

[0014] Furthermore, the preset danger criterion is: the scattering distance of the fragments. d i Greater than the preset scattering distance threshold d ref And the three-dimensional size of the fragments and L i Larger than the preset size threshold L th .

[0015] Furthermore, the total hazard index of glass fragments in step S6... D u Further decomposed into quality hazard index D m Three-dimensional dimensions and hazard index D L Maximum size hazard index D S Danger Index of Dispersion Distance D d ,satisfy: D u = D m + D L + D S + D d ;in , , , Where N is the total number of fragments, m ref , L ref , S ref , d ref These are reference values ​​for mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scattering distance, respectively. Let the mass of each fragment in the glass shard set be denoted as . For the three-dimensional dimensions of the fragment, The maximum size of the fragment. The distance the fragments scatter. , , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0016] Furthermore, the joint hazard assessment, hazard ranking, or hazard classification output in step S8 is presented in a two-dimensional assessment result format, using the penetrator hazard index. D T As the primary evaluation dimension, the glass hazard index is used. As a second evaluation dimension, the impact data is obtained through physical impact tests, numerical simulations, or a combination of physical impact tests and numerical simulations. The wind-carried debris is wood strip debris, and the long side a and the short side b of the cross section correspond to the long side dimension and the short side dimension of the wood strip debris cross section, respectively.

[0017] On the other hand, this application also provides an electronic device, including: a memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the hazard assessment method for wind-borne debris under glass and its penetrating objects as described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects: This invention establishes for the first time a unified hazard assessment framework that simultaneously considers the dual threats of penetrating impactors and glass fragments, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies that only focus on whether the glass breaks. It achieves a comprehensive quantification of the actual risk of injury to personnel after an impact. By introducing reference values, weighting coefficients, and normalization, it solves the problem of incomparable parameters of different dimensions and magnitudes, enabling direct quantitative comparison of the hazards of different glass configuration systems (such as laminated glass, insulated glass, and insulated-laminated glass), providing a scientific basis for glass system selection. Parameter calibration was performed for wind-borne debris impact scenarios, resulting in more accurate and reliable assessment results. Glass Hazard Index By eliminating the influence of impact energy, it can characterize the intrinsic protective performance of the glass system and can be directly used for the hazard classification and performance-based design of impact-resistant glass systems, thus possessing strong engineering practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a hazard assessment method for glass and its penetrating objects under wind-carried debris, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wood block impact test on a glass plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a photograph of typical glass fragments produced after an impact test.

[0023] Figure 4 High-speed video recording of the impact process of the wooden block.

[0024] The above figures include the following reference numerals: 1-glass panel, 2-wood block (i.e., wind-borne debris), 3-single hazardous fragment, 4-wall. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application, a complete implementation of a method for hazard assessment of glass and its penetrating objects under wind-carried debris is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps performed sequentially.

[0027] First, step S1 is executed to acquire impact data of the glass system after being impacted by wind-carried debris. This data can come from physical impact tests, experimentally verified explicit dynamic numerical simulations, or a combination of both. In this embodiment, the impact of wind-carried wood strips (i.e., wood blocks) on a glass panel is used as an example. In the impact test, the glass panel to be evaluated is fixed to a test frame, and a launching device such as an air cannon is used with a preset initial velocity. v A wooden block is launched and impacts a glass panel. The impact process is recorded using a high-speed camera system. After the wooden block penetrates the glass panel, the following data about the penetrating object are measured or calculated: the mass M of the wooden block after penetration, and the velocity at the moment of penetration. v t (i.e., penetration speed), and the geometric dimensions of the wooden block's cross-section, including the long side a and the short side b, are used to calculate its cross-sectional area. A T Simultaneously, all scattered glass shards were collected, and the mass of each identifiable and measurable shard was recorded. m i , three-dimensional dimensions and L i (i.e., the sum of the dimensions of the fragment in the length, width, and height directions), maximum size S i(i.e., the distance between the two farthest points of the fragment), and the horizontal distance from the glass panel to the point of impact (the ground). d i All the recorded data fragments constitute a set of glass shards. The initial velocity mentioned above... v 0. Penetration speed v t Mass M, cross-sectional dimensions a, b, A T and parameters of each fragment m i , L i , S i and d i Together, they constitute the basic impact data upon which subsequent calculations depend.

[0028] Next, step S2 is executed, based on the mass M of the penetrated object and the penetration speed. v t Calculate the penetrating object energy term λ. This energy term reflects the magnitude of the penetrating object's residual kinetic energy relative to a reference standard. Then, perform step S3 to calculate the penetrating object geometry term ψ based on the aspect ratio and cross-sectional area of ​​the penetrating object. This geometry term reflects the impact of the penetrating object's sharpness and size on its hazard. Step S4 then uses the results from the first two steps to multiply the energy term λ by the geometry term ψ to obtain the penetrating object hazard index. D T This index quantitatively characterizes the degree of danger posed by residual impact from penetrating objects.

[0029] On the other hand, step S5 is performed to filter out those glass fragments that pose a significant threat from the set of glass fragments according to preset danger criteria. These fragments are called dangerous fragments, and the individual danger value of each dangerous fragment is calculated. Step S6: Set the hazard value of all hazardous fragments. Summing these values ​​yields the total danger index of the glass fragments. D u This index reflects the combined scattering hazard caused by all hazardous debris. Step S7 then utilizes the initial impact energy to... D u After normalization, the glass hazard index was calculated. This index eliminates the influence of different impact energy levels and better reflects the inherent protective performance of the glass system itself.

[0030] Finally, step S8 is performed based on the already calculated penetrating hazard index. D T and glass hazard index This allows for joint hazard assessment, hazard ranking, or hazard classification output for different glass systems. For example, it can be done using... D T x-axis Plot a scatter plot or hazard matrix on the vertical axis. Glass systems located in the double-low region indicate that they have the lowest overall hazard and the best performance.

[0031] In one embodiment of this application, the specific calculation method for the penetrating energy term λ in step S2 is defined. The penetrating energy term λ satisfies: l = M·v t ² / ( M r ·v r ² ),in M r For reference quality, v r The reference mass and reference velocity are introduced to make the kinetic energy dimensionless, allowing for comparison of penetrating objects of different masses and velocities on a uniform scale. In this embodiment, the reference mass... M r The preferred weight is 3.60 kg, and the reference speed is... v r The preferred value is 5.50 m / s. These two values ​​are determined based on the statistical characteristics of typical wind-borne wood debris and engineering experience, which makes the evaluation results more reasonable.

[0032] In one embodiment of this application, the specific calculation method for the penetrating geometry term ψ in step S3 is defined. The penetrating geometry term ψ satisfies: ψ =( a / b )·( A 0 / A T ) β ,in A 0 represents the reference area per unit. β This is the compatibility factor. The aspect ratio (a / b) reflects the sharpness of the penetrating object's shape; the larger the aspect ratio, the sharper the shape, the stronger the penetration and cutting ability, and therefore the higher the danger index. (Cross-sectional area term...) A 0 / A T ) β This reflects the influence of the size of the penetrating object; the smaller the cross-sectional area, the more concentrated the energy, and the greater the hazard. The compatibility coefficient β is used to adjust the degree of influence of changes in cross-sectional area on geometric terms. In this embodiment, for wood strip-shaped debris, the compatibility coefficient β is preferably 0.35, per unit reference area. A Take 1m².

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, the penetrating hazard index in step S4 D T It is obtained by multiplying the energy term and the geometric term, i.e. D T =λ·ψ This product form comprehensively reflects the physical nature of the penetrating object, which poses both a kinetic and geometric threat, making the assessment results more complete.

[0034] In one embodiment of this application, the hazard value for a single hazardous fragment in step S5 is... The specific calculation method is limited. satisfy: ,in m ref , L ref , S ref , d ref These are reference values ​​for mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scattering distance, used to make the parameters dimensionless; , , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients, used to reflect the importance of different hazard factors in the overall hazard. The specific values ​​of these reference values ​​and weighting coefficients can vary depending on the type of glass. For example, when the glass system uses semi-tempered glass (e.g., heat-strengthened glass), a preferred set of parameters is set as follows: =0.40, m ref =1.2g, =0.10, L ref =31.0mm, =0.20, S ref =15.0mm, =0.30, d ref =1.0m. When tempered glass is used in the glass system, another set of preferred parameters is set as follows: =0.40, m ref =1.1g, =0.10, L ref =27.0mm, =0.20, S ref =13.0mm, =0.30,d ref =1.0m. The above parameter settings reflect the typical differences in the characteristics of fragments produced after different types of glass break, making the assessment more accurate.

[0035] In one embodiment of this application, the total hazard index of glass fragments in step S6 is... D u By assessing the hazard values ​​of all hazardous fragments Summing yields, i.e. D u =ΣD i This index is a comprehensive measure of the overall hazard posed by flying glass shards. To further analyze the sources of danger, additional parameters can be used... D u It is decomposed into four components, corresponding to the contributions of mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scatter distance, respectively. Specifically, D u = D m + D L + D S + D d ,in The quality hazard index, For three-dimensional dimensions and hazard index, The maximum size hazard index, The scattering distance hazard index is calculated by summing over all hazardous fragments. This decomposition helps to analyze the contribution of different factors to the overall hazard of glass fragments in greater detail, providing clearer guidance for optimizing glass systems.

[0036] In one embodiment of this application, the glass hazard index in step S7 The calculation method is as follows: The denominator of this formula is precisely the numerator of the penetrating energy term λ, representing the dimensionless value of the initial impact energy. By dividing by this value, This characterizes the degree of susceptibility of fragments generated by a glass system under a unit initial impact energy. Therefore, The lower the value, the better the glass system performs in absorbing and dissipating impact energy, and the superior its intrinsic impact protection performance. This index allows for a fair comparison of different glass systems at different impact energy levels, making it highly practical in engineering applications.

[0037] In one embodiment of this application, the preset hazard criterion used to screen hazardous debris in step S5 is specifically defined. This preset hazard criterion is: the dispersion distance of the debris. di Greater than the preset scattering distance threshold d ref And the three-dimensional size of the fragments and L i Larger than the preset size threshold L th By setting a clear threshold, debris with a longer scattering distance and larger size is filtered out, as these pose the most significant threat to indoor occupants. Experienced engineers understand that debris with a very short scattering distance or extremely small size poses a relatively low risk of injury; excluding them from the calculation avoids interference from a large number of tiny or near-field debris, improving the relevance and efficiency of the assessment. In this embodiment, a scattering distance threshold is preset. d ref Preferably 1m, preset size threshold L th The preferred size is 25mm.

[0038] In one embodiment of this application, the output method of the assessment results, the data acquisition method, and the debris type are further defined. The joint hazard assessment, hazard ranking, or hazard classification output in step S8 can be presented in a two-dimensional assessment result format, specifically, using a penetrating material hazard index. D T As the primary evaluation dimension (e.g., the horizontal axis), the glass hazard index As a second evaluation dimension (e.g., the ordinate), each glass system is evaluated based on its calculated (…). D T , The coordinates are plotted on a two-dimensional plan view or compiled into a hazard matrix table. Located in D T and Glass systems located in the low-lying and high-fragmentation zones are considered optimal, indicating that both the residual hazard of penetrating objects and the hazard of flying glass fragments are effectively controlled; conversely, systems located in the high-lying and high-fragmentation zones pose the highest risk. This visualization method facilitates engineers' intuitive comparison and decision-making regarding different options. Furthermore, the impact data in step S1 can be obtained through physical impact testing, numerical simulation, or a combination of physical impact testing and numerical simulation. This allows the invention to be used for both post-test hazard verification and option selection during the design phase. This evaluation method is particularly suitable for situations where wind-carried debris consists of wood strips. In this case, the long side a and short side b of the cross-section correspond to the long and short side dimensions of the wood strip cross-section, respectively, which matches the common debris types encountered in wind disasters and has a clear engineering context.

[0039] Example 1 A method for hazard assessment of glass and its penetrating objects under wind-carried debris, such as Figure 2-4As shown, the steps include the following.

[0040] Step 1: Obtain basic data. Basic data can be obtained from glass panel 1 impact tests, validated explicit dynamic numerical simulations, or a combination of both. In this embodiment, the wood block (i.e., wind-carried debris) 2 is preferably strip-shaped wood debris. The mass of the wind-carried debris after penetration is collected. M initial velocity v 0. Penetration speed v t Long side of the cross section a , short side of the cross section b Cross-sectional area A T For each glass fragment, collect the mass of 3 fragments of each hazardous fragment. m i , three-dimensional dimensions and L i Maximum size S i and scattering distance d i . Figure 2 In the middle, wall 4 is used to fix glass panel 1.

[0041] Step two, analyze the fragments generated by the impact test, such as... Figure 3 As shown. Dispersion distance d i Greater than the preset scattering distance threshold d ref And three-dimensional dimensions and L i Larger than the preset size threshold L th Fragments are defined as hazardous fragments. Preferably, d ref =1m, L th =25mm.

[0042] Step 3: Obtain the penetration speed of the wood block based on the laser sensor, such as... Figure 4 As shown, calculate the penetration hazard index. D T First, calculate the energy term of the penetrating object. l : l = M·v t ² / ( M r ·v r ² ) in, M rFor reference quality, v r For reference speed.

[0043] Then calculate the geometric terms. ψ : ψ =( a / b )·( A 0 / A T ) β in, A 0 represents the reference area per unit. β This is the coordination coefficient.

[0044] Finally, the danger index of the penetrating object is obtained: D T = l·ψ .

[0045] Step 4: Calculate the hazard value of individual hazardous debris. D i For each dangerous fragment, calculate according to the following formula:

[0046] in, m ref , L ref , S ref , d ref These represent reference values ​​for mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scattering distance, respectively. w m 、w L 、w S 、w d These represent the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0047] Step 5: Calculate the total hazard index of the glass fragments. D u Adding up the danger values ​​of all dangerous fragments, we get: D u =ΣD i .

[0048] For ease of explanation, D u It can also be broken down into: D u = D m+ D L + D S + D d , Among them, , , , .

[0049] Step 6: Calculate the glass hazard index Considering that fragmentation hazards are affected by the initial impact energy, in order to mitigate the impact of different impact energy levels on the outcome, [the following measures are taken]. Further normalization processing is required:

[0050] Step 7: Output the evaluation results. D T Characterizing residual hazards of penetrators, in D G Characterize the hazard of glass fragments by comparing different glass systems using two-dimensional joint evaluation diagrams, hazard matrices, hazard ranking tables, or classification results.

[0051] Step eight: Based on the values ​​in Table 1, the post-impact hazards of laminated glass, insulated glass, and insulated-laminated glass under the same or different impact conditions can be quantitatively compared. The assessment results not only reflect the hazard changes caused by the reduction in the residual velocity of the penetrating object, but also the comprehensive impact of changes in the number of fragments, fragment size, and scattering distance on the degree of hazard.

[0052] Reference Parameter Table 1

[0053] In another embodiment, the basic data is provided by an experimentally validated explicit dynamic numerical model. This numerical model outputs data such as penetration velocity, fragment mass, fragment size, and dispersion distance, which are then calculated sequentially according to the steps in Example 1. D T and D G This allows for the preliminary evaluation of candidate glass systems that have not yet undergone physical testing. Therefore, this invention can be used both for post-test hazard verification and for scheme screening during the design phase.

[0054] In one embodiment of this application, an electronic device is also provided. The electronic device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program containing instructions for implementing the steps in any of the above method embodiments. The processor is coupled to the memory and executes the computer program in the memory to implement the above-described method for assessing the hazard of glass and its penetrating objects under wind-borne debris. Specifically, when the processor executes the computer program, it can automatically acquire or receive input baseline impact data and sequentially calculate the penetrating object energy term λ, the penetrating object geometry term ψ, and the penetrating object hazard index. D T Screen hazardous debris and calculate the hazard value of individual debris. D i Total danger index of glass fragments D u Then calculate the glass hazard index. Finally, the combined evaluation results are output. This electronic device can be a dedicated server for evaluating the impact resistance of glass, or it can be integrated into the data processing unit of a general-purpose personal computer, workstation, or impact testing equipment. By running this computer program, the electronic device can quickly and accurately process and calculate large amounts of data, significantly improving evaluation efficiency and result consistency, and avoiding errors that may occur during manual calculation. The protection scope of this electronic device covers any computing device that implements this evaluation method in hardware.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the hazard of wind-carried debris on glass and its penetrating objects, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain impact data of the glass system after it is impacted by wind-carried debris. The impact data includes at least the mass of the penetrated material after penetration. M initial velocity v 0. Penetration speed v t Long side of the cross section a , short side of the cross section b Cross-sectional area A T And the mass of each fragment in the glass shard set. m i , three-dimensional dimensions and L i Maximum size S i and scattering distance d i ; S2, based on the mass M of the penetrating object and the penetration speed v t Calculate the energy term λ of the penetrating object; S3. Calculate the geometric term ψ of the penetrating object based on the aspect ratio and cross-sectional area of ​​the penetrating object; S4. Calculate the penetrating object hazard index based on the penetrating object energy term λ and the penetrating object geometry term ψ. D T ; S5. Select dangerous fragments from the set of glass fragments according to preset danger criteria, and calculate the danger value of each dangerous fragment. ; S6. Sum the hazard values ​​of all hazardous fragments to obtain the total hazard index of glass fragments. D u ; S7. Based on the total hazard index of the glass fragments... D u The glass hazard index is calculated based on the initial impact energy of the penetrating object. ; S8. Based on the aforementioned hazard index of the penetrating object D T and the glass hazard index This involves conducting joint hazard assessments, hazard rankings, or hazard classifications for different glass systems.

2. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The penetrating energy term λ in step S2 satisfies: λ = M·v t ² / ( M r ·v r ² ),in M r For reference quality, v r For reference speed.

3. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The penetrating geometry term ψ in step S3 satisfies: ψ =( a / b )·( A 0 / A T ) β ,in A 0 represents the reference area per unit. β This is the coordination coefficient.

4. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hazard index of the penetrator mentioned in step S4 D T satisfy: D T =λ·ψ .

5. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hazard value of a single hazardous fragment in step S5 : ,in m ref , L ref , S ref , d ref These are reference values ​​for mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scattering distance, respectively. , , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

6. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total hazard index of glass fragments mentioned in step S6 D u satisfy: D u =ΣD i .

7. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass hazard index mentioned in step S7 satisfy: .

8. The hazard assessment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset danger criterion is: the scattering distance of the fragments. d i Greater than the preset scattering distance threshold d ref And the three-dimensional size of the fragments and L i Larger than the preset size threshold L th .

9. The hazard assessment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Total risk index of glass fragments in step S6 D u Further decomposed into quality hazard index D m Three-dimensional dimensions and hazard index D L Maximum size hazard index D S Danger Index of Dispersion Distance D d ,satisfy: D u = D m + D L + D S + D d ;in , , , Where N is the total number of fragments, m ref , L ref , S ref , d ref These are reference values ​​for mass, three-dimensional dimensions, maximum size, and scattering distance, respectively. Let the mass of each fragment in the glass shard set be denoted as . For the three-dimensional dimensions of the fragment, The maximum size of the fragment. The distance the fragments scatter. , , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

10. The hazard assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint hazard assessment, hazard ranking, or hazard classification output in step S8 is presented in a two-dimensional assessment result format, using the penetrator hazard index. D T As the primary evaluation dimension, the glass hazard index is used. As a second evaluation dimension, the impact data is obtained through physical impact tests, numerical simulations, or a combination of physical impact tests and numerical simulations. The wind-carried debris is wood strip debris, and the long side a and the short side b of the cross section correspond to the long side dimension and the short side dimension of the wood strip debris cross section, respectively.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the hazard assessment method for glass and its penetrating objects under wind-borne debris as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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