Ship-iceberg collision simulation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a ship-iceberg collision simulation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, and relates to computer technology. The method comprises the following steps: a ship structure model and an iceberg structure model are respectively established based on a set cell size, and the mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model; a collision condition between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model is set, and the iceberg structure model is controlled to impact the ship structure model at a preset speed; in the process of solving the collision process, the structural damage state of the ship structure model is determined according to a preset failure criterion condition; and the collision response parameters generated by the ship structure model in the collision process are determined according to the solving result and the structural damage state. The application can provide effective data support for route planning and speed decision of a ship, make the safety state of the ship after collision with an iceberg predictable, and help improve the navigation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for simulating ship-iceberg collisions. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of Arctic oil and gas resources and the opening of Arctic shipping routes, the demand for polar vessels is increasing. Due to global warming, the number and distribution of icebergs in polar waters are expanding. Since only about 10% to 30% of an iceberg's volume is above water, they are difficult to detect in time during navigation, posing a serious threat to navigation safety. Especially for ships transporting oil and gas, a collision with an iceberg could lead to oil and gas leaks, causing serious marine environmental pollution and significant loss of life and property.

[0003] Currently, the structural design of polar vessels is mainly based on the ice zone specifications corresponding to the vessel's classification symbol. The ice pressure distribution and magnitude in different regions are calculated using the specification formulas, thereby determining the dimensions of the hull structure.

[0004] However, existing standard design methods can only perform static equivalent strength checks based on empirical formulas, making it difficult to assess the damage state of the hull structure after a collision. This results in unpredictable structural safety status after a collision between a ship and an iceberg, making it difficult to provide effective support for ship route planning and ensuring the safety of polar navigation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a ship-iceberg collision simulation method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium, which can improve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a ship-iceberg collision simulation method, including: Based on the set cell size, a ship structure model and an iceberg structure model are created respectively, and the mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model. Set the collision conditions between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, and control the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed; During the process of solving the collision process, the structural damage state of the ship structure model is determined according to the preset failure criterion conditions; Based on the solution results and the damage state of the structure, the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision are determined.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a ship-iceberg collision simulation device, the device comprising: The model building module is used to build a ship structure model and an iceberg structure model based on a set cell size. The mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model. The working condition setting module is used to set the collision working condition between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, and to control the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed. The state determination module is used to determine the structural damage state of the hull structure model according to preset failure criteria during the process of solving the collision process. The parameter solving module is used to determine the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision process based on the solution results and the damage state of the structure.

[0008] Thirdly, this application also provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to said at least one processor; The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, which is then executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to any embodiment of this application.

[0009] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that are used to cause a processor to execute the ship-iceberg collision simulation method described in any embodiment of this application.

[0010] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the ship-iceberg collision simulation method described in any embodiment of this application.

[0011] The ship-iceberg collision simulation technology solution provided in this application provides an accurate simulation basis for collision response calculation by establishing a mass-matched ship structure model and iceberg structure model. By setting a collision condition in which the iceberg structure model impacts the ship structure model at a preset speed, the computational workload can be effectively reduced, improving the efficiency of the solution execution. During the solution process of the collision, the structural damage state of the ship structure model is determined according to preset failure criteria, enabling dynamic determination of the location and time of damage in the time domain. Finally, based on the solution results and the structural damage state, the collision response parameters generated by the ship structure model during the collision (such as at least one of stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss) are determined, thereby achieving a quantitative assessment of the structural safety state after the collision. The solution provided in this embodiment can provide effective data support for ship route planning and speed decision-making, making the safety state of the ship after an iceberg collision predictable and contributing to improved navigation safety.

[0012] It should be noted that the aforementioned computer instructions may be stored, in whole or in part, on a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium may be packaged together with the processor of the ship-iceberg collision simulation device, or it may be packaged separately from the processor of the ship-iceberg collision simulation device; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0013] The descriptions of the second, third, fourth, and fifth aspects in this application can be referenced to the detailed description of the first aspect; and the beneficial effects described in the second, fourth, and fifth aspects can be referenced to the analysis of the beneficial effects of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0014] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent from the following description.

[0015] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of this application, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in this application in an appropriate manner in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and user authorization should be obtained. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the ship-iceberg collision simulation method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the hull structure model provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the hull structure model provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an iceberg structure model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the collision condition provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the collision condition provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the collision condition provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the collision condition provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a deformation cloud map of the hull after a collision with an iceberg, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a stress cloud diagram of the hull after a collision with an iceberg, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a cloud map showing the damage to the hull after a collision with an iceberg, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 These are the curves showing the changes of each collision response parameter over time, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship-iceberg collision simulation device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0020] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present application, not the entire structure.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a ship-iceberg collision simulation method provided in this application embodiment. This embodiment is applicable to structural response simulation analysis and safety assessment in polar ship-iceberg collision scenarios. The method can be executed by a ship-iceberg collision simulation device, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software and integrated into the electronic device executing the method. Preferably, the electronic device in this application embodiment can be a server, or a computer device, etc.

[0022] refer to Figure 1 The ship-iceberg collision simulation method in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: S110. Based on the set cell dimensions, establish the ship hull structure model and the iceberg structure model respectively.

[0023] The cell dimensions mentioned above refer to the geometric dimensions of a single element in the finite element model, which are used to control the fineness of the model discretization.

[0024] A hull structure model refers to a numerical model obtained by discretizing the bow structure of a ship using the finite element method. It includes at least the main load-bearing structures such as the hull plating, bow bulkhead, bow tank, and adjacent cargo oil tank confins. Please refer to [reference needed here]. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the hull structure model provided in the embodiments of this application; in Figure 2 This is a partial structure of the constructed hull model. It shows the hull model including part of the bow section and the first cargo oil tank area, used to assess the deformation or damage of the cargo oil tank bulkheads after a collision with an iceberg.

[0025] An iceberg structural model refers to a numerical calculation model obtained by discretizing the geometric shape of an iceberg using the finite element method. It can use a rigid spherical shell structure to simulate the geometric characteristics and mechanical behavior of an iceberg.

[0026] It should be noted that the ship structure model and iceberg structure model established in this embodiment specifically refer to the finite element model of the ship structure and the finite element model of the iceberg structure. The significance of limiting the model to a "finite element model" lies in the fact that by discretizing the continuous structure into a finite number of elements and nodes, the structural motion equations can be numerically solved in a computer. Simultaneously, the finite element model provides operable computational carriers such as "elements," "integration points," and "nodes," making the setting of failure criteria, the determination of damage states, and the acquisition of collision response parameters such as stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss mentioned in subsequent embodiments feasible.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hull structure model can be established in the following way: construct a structural geometric model based on the geometric parameters of the hull structure (including outer plate lines, plate thickness distribution, and skeleton arrangement), and then use finite element preprocessing software to mesh the geometric model, discretizing it into multiple elements and nodes, thereby forming a finite element model of the hull structure.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the hull structure model provided in this embodiment. In this embodiment, to improve calculation accuracy and efficiency, the hull structure model can be divided into collision areas and non-collision areas. The collision areas use smaller cell sizes (e.g., 100mm), and the non-collision areas use larger cell sizes (e.g., 200mm). The collision areas are the regions where the hull may come into contact with the iceberg, and the non-collision areas are the hull structure regions far from the collision areas.

[0029] For iceberg structure models, the spherical shell geometry can be constructed based on a preset shell radius (e.g., R = 5~10 meters) and shell thickness (e.g., 1 mm), and then discretized into a finite element mesh. The diameter can use the outer plate linearity of a conventional ship hull to ensure sufficient collision contact between the sphere and the outer plate. The cell size can be consistent with the cell size of the collision area of ​​the ship structure (e.g., 100 mm) to ensure the accuracy and compatibility of the contact calculation. For details, please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an iceberg structure model provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] It should be noted that the "cell size" mentioned in this embodiment refers to the finite element mesh size, and the two have the same meaning in finite element modeling.

[0031] In this embodiment, the mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship hull structure model.

[0032] In this application, the mass of the hull structure model specifically refers to the total mass of the ship under full load conditions, including the mass of the hull structure itself, the mass of the cargo oil load, and the mass of the attached water during the ship's navigation. Attached water refers to the equivalent mass of the surrounding water that moves with the ship during its motion; its physical significance lies in considering the influence of fluid-structure interaction on the ship's inertia. The mass of the iceberg structure model refers to the total mass assigned to the iceberg finite element model, which is set by adjusting the density parameter of the spherical shell material. The mass of the iceberg model in this application is not the actual physical mass of the iceberg, but rather an equivalent mass set based on the hull mass, with the purpose of simulating the kinetic energy of the ship colliding with the iceberg in a manner equivalent to the iceberg impacting the ship's hull.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model. The principle is that this application adopts an equivalent collision method of "fixed ship, moving iceberg," that is, the kinetic energy carried by the iceberg model is used to equivalently simulate the kinetic energy of a real ship colliding with an iceberg. Therefore, to accurately reflect the energy transfer and momentum conservation relationship during the collision process, the mass of the iceberg model needs to be set to be equivalent to the mass of the ship model.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the mass of the iceberg structure model is determined based on the sum of the mass of the hull structure model under full load and the mass of the attached water. Furthermore, the mass of the attached water and the mass of the hull structure model under full load have a preset relationship. This preset relationship can be that the attached water mass is 15%, 30%, or 40% of the hull's full load mass, etc. A preferred value is 30%.

[0035] For example, the mass of the iceberg structure model can be obtained as follows: First, determine the mass of the hull structure model under full load, denoted as M. This mass can be obtained based on the ship's design parameters (including structural weight and load weight); second, determine the mass of the attached water. The attached water mass can be expressed as a certain proportion of the hull's full load mass. For example, the attached water mass can be taken as 30% of the hull's full load mass, i.e., the attached water mass is 0.3M; third, add the hull's full load mass to the attached water mass to obtain an equivalent mass of 1.3M, which is the iceberg structure model. The total mass it should have; finally, calculate the volume V of the spherical shell based on the geometric parameters of the iceberg structure model (shell radius R and shell thickness t), and follow... Determine the equivalent density of the spherical shell and assign this density to each element of the iceberg structure model so that the total mass of the iceberg structure model is equal to the aforementioned equivalent mass.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the iceberg structure model is set as a rigid spherical shell structure, meaning that the iceberg does not deform during the collision and only acts as a moving rigid body to apply impact loads to the hull structure. The advantage of setting a rigid spherical shell structure is that, while ensuring the correct transmission of collision loads, the computational degrees of freedom of the iceberg can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the overall computational efficiency.

[0037] S120. Set the collision conditions between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, and control the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed.

[0038] In this embodiment, the collision condition refers to a set of boundary conditions and initial conditions set in the simulation analysis to simulate a real collision scenario, including at least the relative positional relationship between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, the initial velocity and direction of the iceberg structure model, and the contact between the two.

[0039] The aforementioned preset speed refers to the initial motion speed assigned to the iceberg structure model before the simulation calculation begins, calculated based on the ship's actual sailing speed and the collision angle. In this application, since an equivalent collision method of "fixed hull and moving iceberg" is adopted, the value of the preset speed is determined according to the ship's speed and the collision angle, and is used to equivalently simulate the kinetic energy of the ship impacting the iceberg at the corresponding speed.

[0040] In this embodiment, the collision scenario between the iceberg structure model and the ship hull structure model can be achieved in the following way: Multiple collision scenarios are set, each with a corresponding collision angle; the collision speed under the current collision scenario is determined based on the collision angle.

[0041] Specifically, multiple different collision angle scenarios can be set according to the evaluation requirements. The collision angle refers to the angle between the direction of motion of the iceberg structure model and the longitudinal direction (ship length) of the hull structure model. For example, multiple collision angle scenarios such as 0 degrees (head-on collision), 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees (sideways collision) can be set to evaluate the differences in the hull structure's response under different collision scenarios. Please refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the collision condition provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The image shows impacts at five different angles: 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees.

[0042] Accordingly, the preset speed of the iceberg structure model is determined based on the actual ship speed and collision angle at different collision angles. For example, the preset speed can be calculated according to... Calculated. Among them, This represents the collision speed at the current collision angle; D represents the current collision angle; V represents the maximum speed of the ship navigating in polar regions. As the collision angle increases, the corresponding collision speed decreases.

[0043] In setting up the collision scenario, in addition to the collision speed and angle mentioned above, the solution provided in this embodiment also sets the initial position of the iceberg structure model in the collision scenario. Specifically, based on the preset collision point position, the iceberg structure model is positioned within the ice zone height region of the hull structure model. Please refer to [link / reference here]. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the collision scenario provided in the embodiments of this application; generally, the portion of the iceberg above the waterline is approximately 10% to 30% of its height. Furthermore, an initial gap is reserved between the iceberg structural model and the hull structural model. The size of this gap should be less than or equal to the distance the iceberg structural model can move within a single solution time step (e.g., 20mm) to ensure that the two make contact within the first solution time step, avoiding contact delay due to an excessively large gap. Please refer to [link / reference here]. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the collision condition provided in the embodiments of this application; the time step of the explicit force calculation is generally about 0.01s, so the gap between the spherical shell and the ship structure is set to be less than 20mm to ensure that the collision can occur in the first time step.

[0044] Furthermore, a contact definition can be established between the iceberg structure model and the hull structure model, including parameters such as contact type (e.g., surface-to-surface contact) and contact friction coefficient, to simulate the mechanical interaction during their collision. In some embodiments of this application, the beneficial effect of setting multiple collision scenarios is that it enables a systematic evaluation of the deformation modes and damage characteristics of the hull structure under different collision angles, providing comprehensive data support for the structural design and route planning of polar vessels.

[0045] When controlling the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed, fixed boundary constraints can be applied to the ship structure model. Specifically, all degrees of freedom (including translational and rotational degrees of freedom) of the end nodes of the ship structure model far from the collision area are constrained to keep them stationary during the simulation, so as to simulate the support boundary conditions of the ship structure.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned method for controlling the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed is as follows: A reference point is set on the iceberg structure model, and all nodes corresponding to each element in the iceberg structure model are coupled and constrained with the reference point. A preset velocity along a set direction is applied at the reference point so that the iceberg structure model as a whole impacts the ship structure model at the preset velocity.

[0047] Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the collision scenario provided in this application embodiment. The iceberg structure model is set as a rigid body, that is, the mesh nodes around the hull are set as rigidly fixed. During the collision, the iceberg structure model itself does not deform. To achieve rigid motion control, a reference point is set at the geometric center or center of the sphere of the iceberg structure model (the center of the sphere in the figure), and all nodes of the iceberg structure model are motion-coupled with this reference point, so that the motion of all nodes of the iceberg structure model follows the rigid body motion law of the reference point. A preset velocity along a set direction is applied at the reference point, and all nodes of the iceberg structure model move together with the reference point under the action of the coupling constraint, thereby realizing that the iceberg structure model as a whole impacts the hull structure model at a preset velocity along a set direction. In some embodiments of this application, setting the iceberg structure model as a rigid body and using the reference point coupling constraint to control its motion significantly reduces the computational degrees of freedom of the iceberg structure model (no need to calculate the stress and strain updates inside the iceberg), and greatly improves computational efficiency while ensuring the correct transmission of collision loads.

[0048] It is important to note that in real ship-iceberg collision scenarios, it is typically a moving ship that collides with a floating iceberg. However, simultaneously assigning initial motion states to both the ship and the iceberg in the simulation increases the complexity of the model setup and the uncertainty of the calculation. According to the principle of relativity in mechanics, the structural response during the collision process mainly depends on the relative velocity between the two and the equivalent mass involved in the collision, regardless of which object is in motion. Therefore, this application fixes the ship structure model and sets the iceberg structure model to be in motion, and sets the mass of the iceberg structure model to be equivalent to the mass of the ship structure model (see step S110), so that the kinetic energy carried by the moving iceberg structure model is equal to the kinetic energy carried by the moving ship in the real scenario. Through this equivalence treatment, the accuracy of the collision load and structural response is ensured, the model setup is simplified, and the computational efficiency is improved.

[0049] S130. During the process of solving the collision process, the structural damage state of the hull structure model is determined according to the preset failure criterion conditions.

[0050] A preset failure criterion is a pre-defined critical condition used to determine whether the hull structure material has failed. In this embodiment, the failure criterion is preferably a failure strain threshold. Specifically, the hull structure steel undergoes a complete mechanical process during a collision, from elastic deformation to plastic deformation, until fracture. When the cumulative deformation of the steel reaches a certain level, the material loses its load-bearing capacity, and the structure fails. In finite element simulation, a strain threshold is set as the judgment standard: when the calculated strain of a certain element reaches this threshold, the structure is judged to have failed.

[0051] Structural damage state refers to the integrity information of the hull structure during a collision, including at least: whether the hull structure has been damaged, the spatial location of the damage, and the extent and degree of damage. The structural damage state reflects the local failure of the hull structure under external impact loads. In this embodiment, the structural damage state is characterized by the failure state of each element. Specifically, during the solution process, each element has two states: "effective" or "failed." When the real-time strain of the element does not reach the failure strain threshold, the element remains effective and continues to participate in structural load-bearing; when the real-time strain of the element reaches or exceeds the failure strain threshold, the element is marked as failed and no longer contributes stiffness and load-bearing capacity in subsequent solutions. The spatial distribution of all failed elements constitutes the damage state of the hull structure.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the hull structure model includes a collision zone and a non-collision zone. Based on this, the determination of the structural damage state of the hull structure model according to the preset failure criterion can be achieved in the following way: Corresponding material elastic parameters are configured for the collision area and the non-collision area respectively; during the solution process, the corresponding failure strain is calculated based on the material elastic parameters of each element; the failure strain of each element is compared with the preset failure criterion conditions, and the structural failure state of the hull structure model is determined based on the comparison results.

[0053] Material elastic parameters refer to physical parameters used to describe the mechanical behavior of steel in the hull structure during the elastic deformation stage, including at least Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio.

[0054] In this embodiment, the constitutive model of the ship's hull steel requires setting material elastic parameters because the steel enters a plastic stage after a collision with ice. Corresponding material elastic parameters are configured for the collision region and the non-collision region. When the steel grade used in both regions is the same, the elastic parameters can be identical; when different steels are used in the two regions (e.g., high-strength steel in the collision region and ordinary marine steel in the non-collision region), the elastic parameters will differ accordingly. Furthermore, corresponding plastic parameters (including the correspondence between yield stress and plastic strain) can also be configured for the collision region and the non-collision region to describe the hardening behavior of the steel in each region after entering the plastic stage.

[0055] It should be noted that the phrase "in the process of solving the collision process" in this embodiment indicates that the determination of the structural damage state is a dynamic judgment process executed simultaneously with the solution process and based on the calculation results at each time step.

[0056] Specifically, the process of calculating the corresponding failure strain based on the material elastic parameters of each element during the solution process can be described as follows: In each solution time step, firstly, the elastic stiffness matrix of the element is constructed based on the material elastic parameters; then, in each solution time step, the current displacement of each node is obtained by solving the equation of motion based on the stress state of the previous time step and the external load of the current time step; based on the nodal displacement increment of the current time step, the strain increment of each element integration point is calculated using the geometric equation of the element (such as function differentiation); after the above steps, the strain increments of each time step are accumulated to obtain the total strain tensor of the element integration point, which is then converted into a single scalar value using the equivalent strain formula, serving as the real-time failure strain of the element at the current moment. Finally, the obtained real-time failure strain is compared with the preset failure criterion to determine whether the element has failed, thus representing the structural failure state of the ship structure model.

[0057] Another preferred implementation method is as follows: the specific implementation method for comparing the failure strain of each element with the preset failure criterion conditions and determining the structural failure state of the hull structure model based on the comparison results is as follows: When the failure strain of any element reaches the strain threshold, the node of that element is released to simulate the structural failure of the ship hull model at the corresponding location.

[0058] Node release refers to the process of detaching the node connections between a failed element and its adjacent elements in a finite element model. When an element is determined to have failed, it is marked as in a failed state and its nodes are released. This prevents the element from participating in the assembly of the structural stiffness and mass matrices in subsequent time steps, thus rendering it unable to bear loads at that location. This simulates the cracking and damage of a ship's hull structure under collision loads. As multiple adjacent elements fail successively, the failure region expands to form a breach. The spatial distribution of the failed elements visually represents the damage morphology and extent of the hull structure.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, when the mesh size of the collision region is 100 mm, the strain threshold can be set to 0.275.

[0060] S140. Determine the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision process based on the solution results and the structural damage state.

[0061] In this embodiment of the application, the solution result refers to the set of all output data obtained after solving the collision process time-step by using an explicit dynamics solution method. Specifically, the solution result includes at least the following: nodal kinematic data, element integration point physical quantity data, and element state and energy data.

[0062] The aforementioned nodal kinematic data includes the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of each node in the hull structure model and iceberg structure model at each time step. Nodal displacement is the fundamental data for determining the deformation of the hull structure and can be obtained directly from the dynamic equations. Element integration point physical quantity data includes the strain tensor, stress tensor, equivalent strain, equivalent stress, and plastic strain of each element integration point in the hull structure model at each time step. Element state and energy data include the failure state indicator (effective / failed) of each element, the plastic dissipation energy of each element, and the total energy of the entire model (including kinetic energy, internal energy, hourglass energy, etc.), used to determine energy loss during the collision process.

[0063] In the above embodiments, when multiple collision scenarios are set, and each collision scenario corresponds to a collision angle and a collision velocity, the above step S140 is specifically implemented as follows: The collision process was solved at various collision angles, corresponding collision velocities, and structural damage states to obtain the collision response parameters of the hull structure model at each collision angle. This allows for a systematic evaluation of the impact of different collision angles on the deformation and damage characteristics of the hull structure, providing comprehensive data support for polar vessel design.

[0064] In this embodiment, the collision response parameters include at least one of stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss.

[0065] A preferred implementation method is to determine stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss in the following way.

[0066] Extract the displacement data of each node from the solution results, and determine the deformation based on the displacement data. Please refer to... Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a deformation cloud diagram of the hull after a collision with an iceberg, provided in an embodiment of this application. The nodal displacements reflect the spatial positional changes of various locations on the hull structure during the collision process.

[0067] Based on the extracted nodal displacement data, the deformation and deformation distribution of the hull structure at various locations during the collision can be determined.

[0068] Extract the stress and strain data for each element from the solution results, and determine the stress and strain based on the stress and strain data. Please refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a stress cloud diagram of the hull after a collision with an iceberg, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] In the finite element method, stress and strain are calculated at the element integration points, reflecting the material stress state and deformation degree of various parts of the hull structure. Based on the extracted stress and strain data, the stress and strain distribution of the hull structure during a collision can be determined.

[0070] The failure elements are identified based on the structural damage state, and the plastic dissipation energy of the failure elements is extracted from the solution results. The energy loss is then determined based on this plastic dissipation energy. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a cloud map showing the damage after a collision between a ship and an iceberg, provided in an embodiment of this application. The damage situation after the collision between the iceberg and the ship can be obtained based on the structural damage state. The cloud map shows whether the structure at the damage location is damaged and the location of the damage.

[0071] During a collision, the energy dissipated by the plastic deformation and fracture of the hull structure is called energy loss. Its physical meaning lies in quantifying the energy absorbed and consumed by the structure during the collision. In this embodiment, energy loss is obtained by accumulating the plastic dissipation energy of each failed unit. After a unit is marked as failed, the plastic dissipation energy accumulated before the failure is included in the total energy loss.

[0072] Finally, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 These are the time-varying curves of various collision response parameters provided in the embodiments of this application. They also include curves showing the time-varying results of physical quantities such as stress, strain, deformation, and energy after the collision.

[0073] Simulation results show that in a 0-degree collision, the ship's hull model did not break, only experiencing localized plastic deformation; however, in a 45-degree collision simulation, the hull structure suffered extensive damage. Therefore, applying this embodiment to polar vessels, simulating the structural deformation and damage after an iceberg collision, allows for the optimization and reinforcement of ice-covered structures, ensuring the safety of ship navigation and preventing oil and gas leaks that could pollute the ocean during iceberg collisions.

[0074] The ship-iceberg collision simulation method provided in this application provides an accurate simulation basis for collision response calculation by establishing a mass-matched ship structure model and an iceberg structure model. By setting a collision condition in which the iceberg structure model impacts the ship structure model at a preset speed, the computational workload can be effectively reduced, improving the efficiency of the solution execution. During the solution process of the collision, the structural damage state of the ship structure model is determined according to preset failure criteria, enabling dynamic determination of the location and time of damage in the time domain. Finally, based on the solution results and the structural damage state, the collision response parameters generated by the ship structure model during the collision (such as at least one of stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss) are determined, thereby achieving a quantitative assessment of the structural safety state after the collision. The solution provided in this embodiment can provide effective data support for ship route planning and speed decision-making, making the structural safety state of the ship after a collision with an iceberg assessable and predictable, thus contributing to improved navigation safety.

[0075] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a ship-iceberg collision simulation device provided in an embodiment of this application. This device is suitable for executing the ship-iceberg collision simulation method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 As shown, the device may specifically include: a model building module 210, a working condition setting module 220, a state determination module 230, and a parameter solving module 240, wherein: The model building module 210 is used to build a ship structure model and an iceberg structure model based on the set cell size, respectively. The mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model. The working condition setting module 220 is used to set the collision working condition between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, and to control the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed. The state determination module 230 is used to determine the structural damage state of the hull structure model according to preset failure criteria conditions during the process of solving the collision process. The parameter solving module 240 is used to determine the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision process based on the solution results and the damage state of the structure.

[0076] The ship-iceberg collision simulation device provided in this application provides an accurate simulation basis for collision response calculation by establishing a mass-matched ship structure model and an iceberg structure model. By setting a collision condition where the iceberg structure model impacts the ship structure model at a preset speed, the computational load can be effectively reduced, improving the efficiency of the solution execution. During the solution process of the collision, the structural damage state of the ship structure model is determined according to preset failure criteria, enabling dynamic determination of the location and time of hull structure damage in the time domain. Finally, based on the solution results and structural damage state, the collision response parameters generated by the ship structure model during the collision (such as at least one of stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss) are determined, thereby achieving a quantitative assessment of the structural safety state after the collision. The solution provided in this embodiment can provide effective data support for ship route planning and speed decision-making, making the structural safety state after a ship-iceberg collision predictable and contributing to improved navigation safety.

[0077] In one embodiment, the hull structure model includes a collision zone and a non-collision zone; The state determination module 230 is specifically used to configure corresponding material elastic parameters for the collision area and the non-collision area respectively; during the solution process, the corresponding failure strain is calculated according to the material elastic parameters of each unit; the failure strain of each unit is compared with the preset failure criterion condition, and the structural failure state of the hull structure model is determined according to the comparison result.

[0078] In one embodiment, the state determination module 230 is specifically used to release the node of any unit when the failure strain of any unit reaches the strain threshold, so as to simulate the structural failure of the ship structure model at the corresponding position.

[0079] In one embodiment, the working condition setting module 220 is specifically used to set multiple collision working conditions, each of which corresponds to a collision angle; and to determine the collision speed under the current collision working condition based on the collision angle. The parameter solving module 240 is also used to solve the collision process at each collision angle, corresponding collision speed and the state of structural damage, so as to obtain the collision response parameters of the hull structure model at each collision angle.

[0080] In one embodiment, the working condition setting module 220 is further configured to set a reference point on the iceberg structure model and couple all nodes corresponding to each unit in the iceberg structure model with the reference point; apply a preset speed along a set direction at the reference point so that the iceberg structure model as a whole impacts the ship structure model at the preset speed.

[0081] In one embodiment, the collision response parameters include at least one of stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss; The parameter solving module 240 is specifically used to extract displacement data of each node from the solution results, and determine the deformation based on the displacement data; extract stress and strain data of each element from the solution results, and determine the stress and strain based on the stress and strain data; determine the failed element based on the structural damage state, and extract the plastic dissipation energy of the failed element from the solution results, and determine the energy loss based on the plastic dissipation energy.

[0082] In one embodiment, the model building module 210 is further configured to determine the mass of the iceberg structure model based on the mass of the hull structure model under full load and the mass of the attached water; the mass of the attached water and the mass of the hull structure model under full load are in a preset relationship.

[0083] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the functional modules described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0084] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the ship-iceberg collision simulation method described in any embodiment of this application.

[0085] This application also provides a computer-readable medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the ship-iceberg collision simulation method described in any embodiment of this application.

[0086] The following is for reference. Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. It illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system 500 suitable for implementing the electronic device in the embodiment of this application. Figure 14 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0087] like Figure 14 As shown, the computer system 500 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on programs stored in read-only memory (ROM) 502 or programs loaded from storage section 508 into random access memory (RAM) 503. The RAM 503 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the system 500. The CPU 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are interconnected via a bus 504. An input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0088] The following components are connected to I / O interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 507 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and speakers, etc.; a storage section 508 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, modem, etc. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 510 is also connected to I / O interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on drive 510 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into storage section 508 as needed.

[0089] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 509, and / or installed from removable medium 511. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 501, it performs the functions defined above in the system of this application.

[0090] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in this application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this application, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media can also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wireline, and optical fiber, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0091] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0092] The modules and / or units described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The described modules and / or units can also be housed in a processor; for example, a processor can be described as including a model building module, a working condition setting module, a state determination module, and a parameter solving module. The names of these modules do not necessarily constitute a limitation on the module itself.

[0093] In another aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the device, cause the device to include: establishing a hull structure model and an iceberg structure model based on a set cell size, wherein the mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the hull structure model; setting a collision condition between the iceberg structure model and the hull structure model, and controlling the iceberg structure model to collide with the hull structure model at a preset speed; determining the structural damage state of the hull structure model according to a preset failure criterion during the solution process of the collision; and determining the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision based on the solution result and the structural damage state.

[0094] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, it can provide effective data support for ship route planning and speed decision-making, which helps to improve navigation safety.

[0095] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can occur depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A ship-iceberg collision simulation method, characterized in that, include: Based on the set cell size, a ship structure model and an iceberg structure model are created respectively, and the mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model. Set the collision conditions between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, and control the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed; During the process of solving the collision process, the structural damage state of the ship structure model is determined according to the preset failure criterion conditions; Based on the solution results and the damage state of the structure, the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision are determined.

2. The ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship structure model includes collision areas and non-collision areas; The process of determining the structural damage state of the hull structure model based on preset failure criteria includes: Configure corresponding material elasticity parameters for the collision region and the non-collision region respectively; During the solution process, the corresponding failure strain is calculated based on the material elastic parameters of each element; The failure strain of each unit is compared with the preset failure criterion, and the structural failure state of the hull structure model is determined based on the comparison results.

3. The ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of comparing the failure strain of each unit with the preset failure criterion and determining the structural failure state of the hull structure model based on the comparison result includes: When the failure strain of any unit reaches the strain threshold, the node of that unit is released to simulate the structural failure of the ship structure model at the corresponding location.

4. The ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collision conditions between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model include: Multiple collision scenarios are set, and each collision scenario corresponds to a collision angle. The collision speed under the current collision condition is determined based on the collision angle. Accordingly, determining the collision response parameters of the hull structure model during the collision based on the solution results and the structural damage state includes: The collision process is solved at each collision angle, corresponding collision velocity, and under the condition of structural damage to obtain the collision response parameters of the hull structure model at each collision angle.

5. The ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed includes: A reference point is set on the iceberg structure model, and all nodes corresponding to each element in the iceberg structure model are coupled and constrained with the reference point. A preset velocity along a set direction is applied at the reference point so that the iceberg structure model as a whole impacts the ship structure model at the preset velocity.

6. The ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collision response parameters include at least one of stress, strain, deformation, and energy loss; The step of determining the collision response parameters of the hull structure model during the collision based on the solution results and the structural damage state includes: The displacement data of each node is extracted from the solution results, and the deformation is determined based on the displacement data; The stress and strain data of each element are extracted from the solution results, and the stress and strain are determined based on the stress and strain data. The failure element is determined based on the structural damage state, and the plastic dissipation energy of the failure element is extracted from the solution result. The energy loss is determined based on the plastic dissipation energy.

7. The ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass of the iceberg structure model is set based on the mass of the hull structure model, including: The mass of the iceberg structure model is determined based on the mass of the hull structure model under full load and the mass of the attached water. The mass of the attached water and the mass of the hull structure model under full load are related by a preset relationship.

8. A ship-iceberg collision simulation device, characterized in that, include: The model building module is used to build a ship structure model and an iceberg structure model based on a set cell size. The mass of the iceberg structure model is set according to the mass of the ship structure model. The working condition setting module is used to set the collision working condition between the iceberg structure model and the ship structure model, and to control the iceberg structure model to collide with the ship structure model at a preset speed. The state determination module is used to determine the structural damage state of the hull structure model according to preset failure criteria during the process of solving the collision process. The parameter solving module is used to determine the collision response parameters generated by the hull structure model during the collision process based on the solution results and the damage state of the structure.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to said at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the ship-iceberg collision simulation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the ship-iceberg collision simulation method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images