A control method for optimizing rural low-voltage line reconstruction construction process

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rural power distribution network engineering construction, and discloses a control method for optimizing a rural low-voltage line reconstruction construction process. The method constructs a whole-process closed-loop management and control system from surveying and mapping calibration, surveying and designing, prefabrication and distribution, construction management and control, acceptance and archiving to operation and maintenance tracing. Through pre-surveying and mapping calibration construction avoidance safety threshold and scene construction parameters, combined with digital surveying, line optimization design, prefabricated part standardized production, process closed-loop quality management, whole-process digital acceptance and non-tamperable data tracing, the seamless connection of construction data and the rural power operation and maintenance system is realized. The application solves the problems of traditional construction design and site disconnection, uncontrollable quality and difficult data tracing, greatly improves the construction efficiency and engineering quality, and realizes the whole-life-cycle traceable management and control of the line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rural power distribution network construction technology, and more specifically, to a control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation. Background Technology

[0002] Rural low-voltage lines are a core component of rural power infrastructure, specifically referring to distribution lines with voltage levels of 0.4kV and below within rural areas. They form the final link in ensuring electricity supply for rural production and daily life. With the comprehensive advancement of the rural revitalization strategy and the continuous improvement of rural electrification levels, problems such as insufficient wire diameter, aging poles and towers, unreasonable layout, and low insulation levels in aging rural low-voltage lines are becoming increasingly prominent. A large-scale upgrading and renovation project for rural low-voltage lines is underway nationwide. Rural areas are characterized by dispersed residences, complex terrain, limited construction sites, and the need to strictly avoid farmland, homesteads, public roads, and other core areas of villagers' production and daily life. This presents unique requirements for line renovation construction compared to urban distribution network construction, including scenario adaptability, survey accuracy, process coordination efficiency, quality control, and low impact.

[0003] Existing construction methods mostly rely on traditional manual surveying and on-site processing and assembly. During the surveying phase, construction workers rely on simple tools to conduct on-site measurements, and the data is recorded on paper. During the design phase, drawings are drawn based on manual survey data without fully considering the characteristics of rural geography and village layout. During the construction phase, all hardware assembly, wiring, and other processes are completed on-site, with materials being sourced as needed, and there are no standardized connection procedures between different processes. During the acceptance phase, quality verification is carried out through manual visual inspection and simple instrument testing, and the acceptance data is simply archived and completely disconnected from the subsequent operation and maintenance system.

[0004] Current rural low-voltage line renovation construction still relies primarily on traditional manual methods or urban standard practices, lacking a standardized construction management system tailored to the complex rural geographical environment. It fails to establish a closed-loop management system that integrates data across all stages—surveying, design, prefabrication, construction, acceptance, and operation and maintenance. This results in construction parameters being out of touch with the actual rural landscape, disorganized process connections, a lack of standardized quality control points, and fragmented and untraceable data throughout the process, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-quality rural power infrastructure construction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a control method that optimizes the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation. By constructing a full-process integrated construction management and control system adapted to rural scenarios, it achieves closed-loop optimization of the entire chain of surveying, design, prefabrication, construction, acceptance, and operation and maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation, wherein the rural low-voltage lines are distribution lines with a voltage level of 0.4kV and below in rural areas, including:

[0008] Preliminary surveying and mapping of the renovation area was conducted to obtain the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, homesteads, and public roads within the renovation area, and to determine the safety control threshold for construction avoidance. Construction technical parameters were adjusted and determined for different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields, and streets. The construction technical parameters include: pole and tower spacing, foundation excavation dimensions, and line protection requirements.

[0009] A full-scale digital survey was conducted in the renovation area to obtain accurate survey data on the route and tower locations. Based on the survey data and the boundary coordinates and safety control thresholds of the aforementioned farmland, residential land, and public roads, the route renovation design was completed, digital construction drawings were generated, and the drawings were synchronized to the prefabrication and on-site construction stages.

[0010] Based on synchronized digital construction drawings, standardized production and factory inspection of prefabricated components for line renovation are completed; according to the sequence of on-site construction procedures, the classification and distribution of prefabricated components are completed.

[0011] The on-site construction is divided into sequentially connected standardized process units, which include tower foundation construction, tower erection, prefabricated component assembly, line erection and wiring, and grounding system construction. Each process unit is carried out in strict accordance with the construction technical parameters and digital construction drawings. After each process is completed, digital testing equipment is used to complete the construction quality inspection, generate process quality inspection records, and upload the inspection data in real time. Any unqualified processes are rectified immediately, and the next process can only be carried out after the rectification is qualified.

[0012] After the completion of all construction processes, the acceptance of the entire process, including the quality of line erection, equipment installation accuracy, grounding system performance, and distribution box operation status, is completed by using digital testing combined with on-site verification. The entire process of technical data, including survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality inspection data, and acceptance reports, is compiled into a traceable low-voltage line construction process data archive.

[0013] The entire data archive of the low-voltage line construction process will be fully synchronized to the rural power operation and maintenance management system to achieve the connection between construction data and operation and maintenance data, so as to support the traceability and control of line operation anomalies.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the safety control threshold includes the minimum avoidance distance in farmland areas, the minimum avoidance distance in residential land areas, and the minimum avoidance distance in public road areas, wherein the minimum avoidance distance in farmland areas is 0.5 meters, the minimum avoidance distance in residential land areas is 1.0 meter, and the minimum avoidance distance in public road areas is 1.5 meters; the distance between any construction point and route and the corresponding avoidance boundary is not less than the minimum avoidance distance.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment and determination of construction technical parameters includes:

[0016] For the spacing of poles and towers, a terrain correction coefficient is introduced to adapt and adjust the standard pole and tower spacing in the city. The terrain correction coefficient is determined according to the terrain characteristics of the construction area, with 1.0 for plains, 0.9 for hilly areas, 0.85 for scattered villages, and 0.8 for densely watered areas.

[0017] For the basic excavation size, a soil correction coefficient is introduced to add a correction increment to the standard excavation size. The soil correction coefficient is determined according to the soil characteristics of the construction area, with 1.0 for clay areas, 2.0 for sandy areas, and 3.0 for silty soil areas. The step size of the correction increment is 0.1 meters.

[0018] To address the minimum height of the line above the ground, a scenario correction coefficient is introduced, which adds a correction increment to the standard height above the ground. The scenario correction coefficient is determined based on the construction scenario, with 1.0 for field areas and 1.5 for densely populated streets and alleys. The step size of the correction increment is 0.5 meters.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the full-range digital survey of the transformation area is specifically carried out by: using drone aerial photography combined with handheld digital survey equipment to complete the full-coverage data collection of the transformation area; using drones to collect panoramic data of the large-scale terrain and surrounding obstacles of the transformation area; and using handheld digital survey equipment to collect local precise data of the preset locations of poles, line paths, and grounding electrode locations.

[0020] A four-parameter plane coordinate transformation model is used to eliminate coordinate deviations in multi-source data and to uniformly transform all collected data to the local construction coordinate system, ensuring that the survey data is consistent with the boundary coordinates and safety control threshold benchmarks determined by the previous survey.

[0021] After the multi-source data fusion is completed, a GIS digital survey base map is generated. All survey data is uploaded to the construction management system in real time, providing accurate on-site data support for subsequent line modification design.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, said line reconstruction design comprises: using said safety control threshold as a hard constraint, adopting an improved Dijkstra shortest path algorithm to solve the optimal laying path of rural low-voltage lines; said algorithm takes the shortest total path length as the core objective, and sets an infinite penalty term for paths that invade said safety control threshold; initialize the cost of the path starting point to zero, and the cost of the remaining points to infinity, traverse all path nodes one by one, calculate the path cost of each node and the distance to the avoidance boundary, update the optimal path and precursor node of the node, and finally obtain the complete optimal line path by backtracking the precursor nodes.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the implementation sites and production modes for standardized production of prefabricated parts for line reconstruction include, but are not limited to: fixed prefabrication processing workshops in factories or off-site, closed small prefabrication processing areas set up at the reconstruction construction site, intelligent mass production and processing centers equipped with automated production lines, and centralized and unified prefabrication processing centers supporting contiguous reconstruction projects;

[0024] Said prefabricated parts for line reconstruction comprise: pole tower foundation embedded accessories, fitting assemblies, distribution box wiring modules, and line insulation supports.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the present invention, said construction quality inspection adopts a parameter authority locking control mechanism, the process qualification rate is calculated as the ratio of the number of qualified inspection items of the process to the total number of inspection items. Only when the qualification rate of the previous process reaches 100% can the construction parameter execution authority of the next process be unlocked, and jumping process construction is prohibited; when the process qualification rate is less than 100%, the deviation rectification process is triggered immediately, the authority of the current process is locked, and entry into the next process is prohibited. After rectification is completed, quality inspection is re-carried out until the process qualification rate reaches 100%.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the present invention, said digital inspection comprises: performing digital verification on all technical parameters of the line reconstruction project, the core acceptance content and verification requirements comprise: line laying quality control requires that the deviation between the actual sag of the line and the designed sag is within ±5%, equipment installation accuracy control requires that the equipment installation deviation does not exceed five thousandths of the corresponding pole tower height, grounding system performance control requires that the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding system does not exceed 4Ω, distribution box operating state control requires that the deviation between the output voltage of the distribution box and the rated voltage of the line is within ±10%, wherein the fixed value of the rated voltage of the line is 0.4kV.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, organizing the construction process data archive includes: structuring the technical data of the entire line renovation process, using the SHA-256 hash algorithm, and combining three core elements—construction data content, data generation timestamp, and unique number of the renovated line—to generate a unique traceability identifier for each set of construction data. Based on the entire process construction data with unique traceability identifiers, a traceable data archive for the entire low-voltage line construction process is formed.

[0028] A management and control system for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation, wherein the rural low-voltage lines are distribution lines with a voltage level of 0.4kV and below in rural areas, including a pre-survey and parameter adaptation module, a digital survey and design module, a prefabricated component management and distribution module, a process-oriented construction closed-loop management module, a digital acceptance and file management module, and an operation and maintenance data docking and traceability module;

[0029] The pre-survey and parameter adaptation module is used to conduct pre-survey of the transformation area, obtain the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, homesteads and public roads in the transformation area, and determine the safety control threshold for construction avoidance; it is also used to adjust and determine the construction technical parameters for different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields and streets, including the pole and tower arrangement spacing, foundation excavation size and line protection requirements.

[0030] The digital surveying and design module is used to conduct a full-range digital survey of the renovation area to obtain accurate survey data on the route and tower locations. It is also used to complete the route renovation design based on the survey data and the boundary coordinates and safety control thresholds of the aforementioned farmland, residential land, and public roads, generating digital construction drawings and synchronizing these drawings to the prefabricated component management and distribution module and the procedural construction closed-loop management module. The prefabricated component management and distribution module is used to complete the standardized production and factory inspection of prefabricated components for the route renovation based on the synchronized digital construction drawings. It is also used to classify and distribute prefabricated components according to the sequence of on-site construction procedures.

[0031] The procedural construction closed-loop management module is used to divide the on-site construction into sequentially connected standardized procedural units. These standardized procedural units sequentially include tower foundation construction, tower erection, prefabricated component assembly, line erection and wiring, and grounding system construction. The module manages each procedural unit to strictly follow the construction technical parameters and digital construction drawings. It is also used to collect construction quality inspection data from digital testing equipment after each procedural is completed, generate procedural quality inspection records, upload the inspection data in real time, trigger rectification control for unqualified procedurals, and allow the next procedural to proceed only after the rectification is qualified.

[0032] The digital acceptance and archive management module is used to complete the acceptance of all aspects of the line erection quality, equipment installation accuracy, grounding system performance, and distribution box operation status after the completion of all construction processes, using digital testing combined with on-site verification. It is also used to organize the entire process of technical data, including survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality testing data, and acceptance reports, into a traceable data archive of the entire low-voltage line construction process.

[0033] The operation and maintenance data docking and traceability module is used to fully synchronize the data archives of the entire low-voltage line construction process to the rural power operation and maintenance management system, so as to realize the docking of construction data and operation and maintenance data, and support the traceability and control of line operation anomalies.

[0034] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are:

[0035] By constructing a closed-loop management system covering the entire process of surveying and mapping, surveying and design, prefabrication and distribution, construction control, acceptance and archiving, and operation and maintenance traceability, a standardized construction control system for low-voltage line renovation in rural areas with complex geographical environments has been established, achieving standardized management of all aspects from construction preparation to operation and maintenance.

[0036] By conducting preliminary surveys of the renovation area, the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, homesteads, and public roads were obtained, and the safety control thresholds for construction avoidance were determined. At the same time, construction technical parameters such as pole and tower spacing, foundation excavation size, and line protection requirements were adjusted and determined for different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields, and streets. A preliminary survey parameter calibration mechanism adapted to the complex geological conditions and different scenario characteristics of rural areas was established, so that the construction parameters are accurately adapted to the actual geographical environment of rural areas.

[0037] By conducting a full-scale digital survey of the renovation area and completing the line renovation design based on the survey data and safety control thresholds, digital construction drawings are generated and synchronized to the prefabrication and on-site construction stages. At the same time, based on the digital construction drawings, standardized production and timely delivery of prefabricated components are completed. On-site construction is divided into sequentially connected standardized process units and closed-loop quality control is implemented. After the completion of all processes, digital acceptance is carried out and a full-process traceable data archive is formed. Finally, the data archive is synchronized to the operation and maintenance management system.

[0038] By dividing on-site construction into sequentially connected standardized work units and establishing a parameter access control mechanism, standardized management and control of the entire construction quality process is achieved. At the same time, all technical data of the entire process, including surveying and design, prefabrication, construction, quality inspection and acceptance, are compiled into data archives with unique hash traceability identifiers and fully synchronized to the rural power operation and maintenance management system. This establishes a mapping relationship between construction and operation and maintenance parameters, enabling seamless connection of construction data and accurate tracing of line operation anomalies.

[0039] This invention features a standardized design for different rural geographical scenarios (plains, hills, villages), which can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of different renovation areas. It is easy to replicate and promote in rural areas across the country and is suitable for large-scale rural low-voltage line renovation projects. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site construction process in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] Combination Figures 1-2 The present invention provides the following embodiments:

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] A control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation, wherein the rural low-voltage lines are distribution lines with a voltage level of 0.4kV and below in rural areas, including:

[0046] Preliminary surveying and mapping of the renovation area was conducted to obtain the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, homesteads, and public roads within the renovation area, and to determine the safety control threshold for construction avoidance. Construction technical parameters were adjusted and determined for different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields, and streets. The construction technical parameters include: pole and tower spacing, foundation excavation dimensions, and line protection requirements.

[0047] A full-scale digital survey was conducted in the renovation area to obtain accurate survey data on the route and tower locations. Based on the survey data and the boundary coordinates and safety control thresholds of the aforementioned farmland, residential land, and public roads, the route renovation design was completed, digital construction drawings were generated, and the drawings were synchronized to the prefabrication and on-site construction stages.

[0048] Based on synchronized digital construction drawings, standardized production and factory inspection of prefabricated components for line renovation are completed; according to the sequence of on-site construction procedures, the classification and distribution of prefabricated components are completed.

[0049] The on-site construction is divided into sequentially connected standardized process units, which include tower foundation construction, tower erection, prefabricated component assembly, line erection and wiring, and grounding system construction. Each process unit is carried out in strict accordance with the construction technical parameters and digital construction drawings. After each process is completed, digital testing equipment is used to complete the construction quality inspection, generate process quality inspection records, and upload the inspection data in real time. Any unqualified processes are rectified immediately, and the next process can only be carried out after the rectification is qualified.

[0050] After the completion of all construction processes, the acceptance of the entire process, including the quality of line erection, equipment installation accuracy, grounding system performance, and distribution box operation status, is completed by using digital testing combined with on-site verification. The entire process of technical data, including survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality inspection data, and acceptance reports, is compiled into a traceable low-voltage line construction process data archive.

[0051] The entire data archive of the low-voltage line construction process will be fully synchronized to the rural power operation and maintenance management system to achieve the connection between construction data and operation and maintenance data, so as to support the traceability and control of line operation anomalies.

[0052] Furthermore, the safety control thresholds include the minimum avoidance distance in farmland areas, the minimum avoidance distance in residential land areas, and the minimum avoidance distance in public road areas, wherein the minimum avoidance distance in farmland areas is 0.5 meters, the minimum avoidance distance in residential land areas is 1.0 meter, and the minimum avoidance distance in public road areas is 1.5 meters; the distance between any construction point and route and the corresponding avoidance boundary is not less than the minimum avoidance distance.

[0053] By quantifying and classifying the functional attributes of different rural features and the risk of construction intrusion, a smaller avoidance value is adopted for farmland areas due to frequent farming activities but low resident population, a medium avoidance value is adopted for homesteads as the core living space of villagers, and a maximum avoidance value is adopted for public roads involving traffic safety and vehicle and machinery activities. This forms a differentiated hard constraint threshold system, providing an insurmountable safety boundary for route planning from the source, and avoiding the intrusion of construction into the production and living areas of villagers.

[0054] Furthermore, the adjustment and determination of construction technical parameters includes:

[0055] For the spacing of poles and towers, a terrain correction coefficient is introduced to adapt and adjust the standard pole and tower spacing in the city. The terrain correction coefficient is determined according to the terrain characteristics of the construction area, with 1.0 for plains, 0.9 for hilly areas, 0.85 for scattered villages, and 0.8 for densely watered areas.

[0056] For the basic excavation size, a soil correction coefficient is introduced to add a correction increment to the standard excavation size. The soil correction coefficient is determined according to the soil characteristics of the construction area, with 1.0 for clay areas, 2.0 for sandy areas, and 3.0 for silty soil areas. The step size of the correction increment is 0.1 meters.

[0057] To address the minimum height of the line above the ground, a scenario correction coefficient is introduced, which adds a correction increment to the standard height above the ground. The scenario correction coefficient is determined based on the construction scenario, with 1.0 for field areas and 1.5 for densely populated streets and alleys. The step size of the correction increment is 0.5 meters.

[0058] By introducing three types of correction coefficients—topography, soil, and scene—the standardized construction parameters for urban use are deconstructed into a dynamic parameter system that can adapt to the complex geographical environment of rural areas. This ensures that the complexity of tower spacing decreases with the undulation of the terrain, the foundation excavation size increases with the weakening of soil bearing capacity, and the height of the line above the ground increases with the increase of the frequency of personnel and machinery activities. This ensures that the construction parameters are accurately matched with the actual geological conditions and scene characteristics of rural areas, eliminating construction quality problems caused by the disconnect between standardized parameters and actual rural scenes.

[0059] Furthermore, the aforementioned full-range digital survey of the renovation area specifically involves: using drone aerial photography combined with handheld digital survey equipment to complete full-coverage data collection of the renovation area; using drones to collect panoramic data of the large-scale terrain and surrounding obstacles of the renovation area; and using handheld digital survey equipment to collect local precise data of the preset locations of poles, line paths, and grounding electrode locations.

[0060] A four-parameter plane coordinate transformation model is used to eliminate coordinate deviations in multi-source data and to uniformly transform all collected data to the local construction coordinate system, ensuring that the survey data is consistent with the boundary coordinates and safety control threshold benchmarks determined by the previous survey.

[0061] After the multi-source data fusion is completed, a GIS digital survey base map is generated. All survey data is uploaded to the construction management system in real time, providing accurate on-site data support for subsequent line modification design.

[0062] By combining large-scale aerial photography by drones with precise local measurements by handheld devices, and using a four-parameter planar coordinate transformation model to uniformly register heterogeneous coordinate systems, data deviations caused by differences in coordinate benchmarks between different surveying equipment are eliminated. This allows large-scale terrain data and local tower location data to be accurately superimposed under a unified construction coordinate system, generating a GIS digital survey base map consistent with the pre-existing survey boundary benchmark. This achieves a qualitative leap in survey data from discrete paper records to integrated digital base maps, solving the problems of low accuracy and easy data loss or tampering in traditional manual surveying.

[0063] Further, said line transformation design comprises: using the safety control threshold as a hard constraint, adopting an improved Dijkstra shortest path algorithm to solve the optimal layout path of rural low-voltage lines; said algorithm takes the shortest total path length as the core objective, and sets an infinite penalty term for paths that invade said safety control threshold; initialize the cost of the path starting point to zero, and the cost of all other points to infinity, traverse all path nodes one by one, calculate the path cost of each node and the distance to the avoidance boundary, update the optimal path and predecessor node of the node, and finally obtain the complete optimal line path by backtracking the predecessor nodes.

[0064] By implanting the hard constraint of safety control threshold and infinite penalty term into the classic Dijkstra shortest path algorithm, the path optimization objective is expanded from a single shortest length to multi-objective optimization of "shortest path length + mandatory avoidance of production and living areas", so that the algorithm can automatically identify and eliminate path branches that invade the avoidance boundary during node traversal, ensuring that the obtained optimal line path can rigidly bypass villagers' production and living areas while meeting economic requirements, and solving the problems that traditional design drawings do not match actual on-site terrain obstacles and design is frequently changed during construction.

[0065] Further, the implementation sites and production modes of standardized production of prefabricated parts for line transformation include, but are not limited to: fixed prefabrication processing workshops in factories or off-site, closed small prefabrication processing areas set at transformation construction sites, intelligent mass production and processing centers equipped with automated production lines, and centralized and unified prefabrication processing centers supporting contiguous transformation projects;

[0066] Said prefabricated parts for line transformation comprise: pole foundation embedded accessories, fitting assemblies, distribution box wiring modules, and line insulation supports.

[0067] By expanding the prefabrication processing scenario from a single factory mode to four elastically adaptive modes: factory prefabrication, on-site small-scale prefabrication, intelligent mass production, and cross-regional centralized prefabrication, the prefabrication processing capacity can be configured in a gradient according to transformation scale, economic conditions, and geographic complexity, which reduces the construction organization threshold under different rural scenarios on the premise of ensuring standardized production quality, and realizes the seamless connection between prefabrication processing and on-site construction.

[0068] Further, said construction quality inspection adopts a parameter authority locking control mechanism, the process qualification rate is calculated by the ratio of the number of qualified inspection items of the process to the total number of inspection items. Only when the qualification rate of the previous process reaches 100% can the construction parameter execution authority of the next process be unlocked, and skipping processes for construction is prohibited; when the process qualification rate is less than 100%, the deviation rectification process is triggered immediately, the authority of the current process is locked, and entry into the next process is prohibited. After rectification is completed, quality inspection is re-conducted until the process qualification rate reaches 100%.

[0069] By logically binding the pass rate of a process with the execution authority of the next process's construction parameters, a closed-loop control logic of "inspection-judgment-unlock / lock" is established. The 100% pass rate of the preceding process is used as a necessary condition for starting the subsequent process. This process mechanism prevents skipping steps and the flow of unqualified products into the next stage, thus achieving rigid control over the entire process of construction quality.

[0070] Furthermore, the digital inspection includes: digital verification of all technical parameters of the line renovation project. The core acceptance content and verification requirements include: line erection quality control, the deviation between the actual sag and the design sag of the line is within ±5%; equipment installation accuracy control, the equipment installation deviation does not exceed five per thousand of the corresponding tower height; grounding system performance control, the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding system does not exceed 4Ω; and distribution box operation status control, the deviation between the output voltage of the distribution box and the rated voltage of the line is within ±10%, wherein the rated voltage of the line is fixed at 0.4kΩ.

[0071] By quantifying the four core acceptance indicators—line sag, installation deviation, grounding resistance, and output voltage—into precise threshold ranges that can be digitally detected, the acceptance judgment is transformed from a subjective mode of manual visual inspection to an objective measurement mode of digital equipment. This ensures that the acceptance data and the inspection data of the construction process have the same dimension and are comparable, achieving dual verification through digital inspection and on-site verification.

[0072] Furthermore, organizing the entire construction process data archive includes: structuring the technical data of the entire line renovation process, using the SHA-256 hash algorithm, and combining three core elements—construction data content, data generation timestamp, and the unique number of the renovated line—to generate a unique traceability identifier for each set of construction data. Based on the entire process construction data with unique traceability identifiers, a traceable data archive for the entire low-voltage line construction process is formed.

[0073] By performing SHA-256 hash operations on three heterogeneous elements—construction data content, timestamps, and line numbers—a unique and tamper-proof digital fingerprint is generated, ensuring that each set of construction data acquires an irrefutable identity upon archiving. When an anomaly is detected during the operation and maintenance phase, the hash traceability identifier of the abnormal data can be used to reverse-match the hash identifier of the entire construction process data, quickly locating the construction procedure, testing data, and responsible link corresponding to the anomaly. This breaks down the data barriers between construction and operation and maintenance, enabling precise traceability and control throughout the entire lifecycle of the line.

[0074] Example 2:

[0075] This invention also provides a management and control system for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation. The rural low-voltage lines are power distribution lines with a voltage level of 0.4kV and below in rural areas. The system includes a pre-survey and parameter adaptation module, a digital survey and design module, a prefabricated component management and distribution module, a process-based construction closed-loop management module, a digital acceptance and file management module, and an operation and maintenance data docking and traceability module.

[0076] The pre-survey and parameter adaptation module is used to conduct pre-survey of the transformation area, obtain the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, homesteads and public roads in the transformation area, and determine the safety control threshold for construction avoidance; it is also used to adjust and determine the construction technical parameters for different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields and streets, including the pole and tower arrangement spacing, foundation excavation size and line protection requirements.

[0077] The digital surveying and design module is used to conduct a full-range digital survey of the renovation area to obtain accurate survey data on the route and tower locations. It is also used to complete the route renovation design based on the survey data and the boundary coordinates and safety control thresholds of the aforementioned farmland, residential land, and public roads, generating digital construction drawings and synchronizing these drawings to the prefabricated component management and distribution module and the procedural construction closed-loop management module. The prefabricated component management and distribution module is used to complete the standardized production and factory inspection of prefabricated components for the route renovation based on the synchronized digital construction drawings. It is also used to classify and distribute prefabricated components according to the sequence of on-site construction procedures.

[0078] The procedural construction closed-loop management module is used to divide the on-site construction into sequentially connected standardized procedural units. These standardized procedural units sequentially include tower foundation construction, tower erection, prefabricated component assembly, line erection and wiring, and grounding system construction. The module manages each procedural unit to strictly follow the construction technical parameters and digital construction drawings. It is also used to collect construction quality inspection data from digital testing equipment after each procedural is completed, generate procedural quality inspection records, upload the inspection data in real time, trigger rectification control for unqualified procedurals, and allow the next procedural to proceed only after the rectification is qualified.

[0079] The digital acceptance and archive management module is used to complete the acceptance of all aspects of the line erection quality, equipment installation accuracy, grounding system performance, and distribution box operation status after the completion of all construction processes, using digital testing combined with on-site verification. It is also used to organize the entire process of technical data, including survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality testing data, and acceptance reports, into a traceable data archive of the entire low-voltage line construction process.

[0080] The operation and maintenance data docking and traceability module is used to fully synchronize the data archives of the entire low-voltage line construction process to the rural power operation and maintenance management system, so as to realize the docking of construction data and operation and maintenance data, and support the traceability and control of line operation anomalies.

[0081] Application example:

[0082] This invention discloses a control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation, applicable to the renovation of power distribution lines to households with voltage levels of 0.4kV and below in rural areas. The specific steps include:

[0083] I. Preliminary Surveying and Construction Parameter Calibration

[0084] This step establishes a baseline technical framework for the entire construction process and serves as the core basis for all subsequent construction stages. Before construction begins, based on the original satellite imagery and laser point cloud data of the area to be renovated, feature point coordinates of three core avoidance boundaries—farmland, residential land, and public roads—are collected using satellite positioning and laser ranging technologies. This forms a corresponding set of boundary coordinates, defining the compliant work area for subsequent construction. The professional expression for this coordinate set is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula: This is the set of coordinates for the farmland boundaries. This is the set of coordinates of the homestead boundary. This is the set of coordinates for the boundaries of public roads. These are the planar coordinates of the corresponding boundary feature points; The number of feature points corresponding to the boundary can be used to accurately pinpoint the area that construction must not intrude upon by using a set of coordinates.

[0087] Based on the collected boundary coordinates, and considering the actual needs of rural construction scenarios and national standards, the minimum safety control threshold for construction avoidance is determined. The professional expression for this threshold is:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula: Minimum avoidance distance for farmland areas The minimum avoidance distance for residential land areas. The minimum avoidance distance in public road areas is specified; it is stipulated that the distance between any construction point and the corresponding avoidance boundary shall not be less than the specified threshold, so as to avoid the encroachment of construction on the production and living areas of villagers from the source, and at the same time provide hard constraints for subsequent route design.

[0090] Considering the characteristics of scattered rural terrain, complex geological conditions, and construction scenarios in fields and streets, standardized construction parameters commonly used in cities are adjusted for rural scenarios. This ensures that the construction parameters fully match the rural geographical environment and avoids construction quality problems caused by the disconnect between standardized parameters and actual rural conditions. For the tower spacing, a terrain correction coefficient is introduced to adapt the standard 50m spacing in urban areas. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula: The spacing between the towers after adaptation; The standard pole spacing in the city is fixed at 50m. The terrain correction factor is determined based on the terrain characteristics of the construction area: 1.0 for plains, 0.9 for hilly areas, 0.85 for scattered villages, and 0.8 for densely watered areas. This correction factor ensures accurate matching between the tower spacing and the rural terrain.

[0093] Regarding the excavation dimensions for tower foundations, a correction increment is added based on the standard excavation dimensions and the soil characteristics of the construction area. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula: The adapted foundation excavation dimensions; These are the foundation excavation dimensions under standard working conditions; The soil correction factor is 1.0 for clay areas, 2.0 for sandy areas, and 3.0 for silty soil areas. The basic dimension increment step is fixed at 0.1m. Soil correction is used to ensure that the foundation excavation size is adapted to different geological conditions in rural areas, thus avoiding safety hazards such as foundation settlement and overturning.

[0096] Regarding the minimum height of the line above the ground, based on the standard height above the ground, a correction increment is added according to the frequency of personnel and machinery activity in the construction scenario. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula: This refers to the minimum height of the adapted cable above the ground. This refers to the line's height above ground under standard operating conditions. The scene correction factor is set to 1.0 for field areas and 1.5 for densely populated streets and alleys. The height increment step is fixed at 0.5m, and scenario adjustments are made to ensure that the line's height above the ground meets the safety operation requirements of different rural scenarios. The final adapted core construction technical parameters will serve as the unified execution benchmark for subsequent construction throughout the entire process.

[0099] II. Digital Surveying and Parametric Design of Routes

[0100] This step, based on the boundary coordinates, safety control thresholds, and core construction parameters defined in the previous steps, conducts a full-range digital survey and route optimization design, completely resolving the problems of low accuracy and disconnect between design and on-site conditions in traditional manual surveying. During construction, drone aerial photography combined with handheld digital surveying equipment is used to complete full-coverage data collection of the renovation area. Drones collect panoramic data on the large-scale terrain and surrounding obstacles, while handheld surveying equipment collects precise local data on the pre-set locations of towers, route paths, and grounding electrode positions. To eliminate coordinate deviations from multi-source data, a four-parameter plane coordinate transformation model is used to unify all collected data to the local construction coordinate system. The calculation formula for coordinate transformation is:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula: These are the local coordinates collected by the original surveying equipment. The coordinates are for the unified local construction coordinate system; These are the coordinate translation parameters; These are the parameters for coordinate rotation and scaling. After multi-source data fusion is completed through coordinate transformation, a GIS digital survey base map is generated. All survey data is uploaded to the construction management system in real time, providing accurate on-site data support for subsequent route design.

[0103] Based on the fused survey base map, and using the aforementioned safety control threshold as a hard constraint, an improved Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm is employed to solve for the optimal layout path of rural low-voltage lines. The algorithm's core objective is to minimize the total path length. Simultaneously, it imposes an infinitely large penalty term on paths that intrude into the safety avoidance threshold, forcing the path to bypass villagers' production and living areas. The core cost function of the algorithm is:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula: This represents the total cost of the path. The length of a single path segment; To avoid the constraint penalty, when the distance between the path point and the avoidance boundary is less than the safety threshold, To ensure the path fully meets the obstacle avoidance requirements, the algorithm initializes the cost of the starting point of the path to 0 and the costs of the remaining points to infinity. It then iterates through all path nodes, calculates the path cost and distance to the obstacle avoidance boundary for each node, updates the optimal path and predecessor node for each node, and finally obtains the complete optimal route by backtracking the predecessor node.

[0106] After completing the route and tower layout design, the design parameters are checked against the on-site survey baseline data to ensure that the design results fully conform to the actual site conditions. The verification calculation formula is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula: This refers to the deviation between the design parameters and the survey data. To design coordinate parameters; These serve as benchmark parameters for on-site surveys. The maximum permissible deviation is fixed at 0.1m. When the deviation value meets the formula requirements, the design verification is deemed successful, and digital construction drawings containing tower location coordinates, route parameters, and equipment installation parameters are generated and synchronized to subsequent prefabrication and on-site construction stages.

[0109] III. Standardized Production and Time-Sequence Delivery Control of Prefabricated Components

[0110] This step, based on the digital construction drawings generated in the preceding steps, completes the standardized production and timely delivery of prefabricated components for line renovation, achieving seamless integration between prefabrication and on-site construction, reducing secondary on-site processing, and improving construction efficiency. Based on the installation parameters in the digital construction drawings, standardized batch production of pole foundation embedded accessories, hardware assemblies, distribution box wiring modules, and line insulation supports is completed. After prefabrication, strict factory inspection is required, and the inspection results must meet the following three core formula requirements:

[0111]

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] In the formula: the first term is the dimensional accuracy requirement, This refers to the deviation between the actual dimensions and the design dimensions of the prefabricated component; The first requirement is for the design dimensions of the prefabricated components, with a dimensional deviation not exceeding five per thousand of the design dimensions; the second requirement is for electrical insulation performance. The insulation resistance of the prefabricated components must be no less than 10 MΩ; the third requirement is mechanical load-bearing capacity. The ultimate mechanical bearing capacity of the precast component; The design bearing capacity of precast components must be such that the ultimate bearing capacity is not less than 1.2 times the design bearing capacity, to ensure that the precast components meet the construction safety requirements.

[0115] Each qualified precast component will be marked with a unique identification code, which corresponds one-to-one with the installation point coordinates in the digital construction drawings. The code format includes the line number, tower number, component type, and check code, ensuring that each precast component can be accurately matched to its corresponding installation location and avoiding incorrect installation on site. To achieve precise matching between precast component delivery and on-site construction procedures, and to avoid on-site backlog of precast components or waiting times for materials, the optimal delivery time of precast components is calculated based on the critical path of the construction process. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0116]

[0117] In the formula: For the first Delivery time of prefabricated components; This refers to the planned start time for the corresponding work process; To allow for an advance delivery buffer period, a fixed value of 24 hours is used to ensure that prefabricated components are delivered on time before the start of the corresponding process, achieving precise and sequential delivery of prefabricated components. All production parameters, inspection data, and delivery records of prefabricated components will be fully retained and synchronized to subsequent completion acceptance and data archiving stages.

[0118] IV. Process-based Closed-Loop Construction and Quality Control

[0119] This step, based on the core construction parameters, digital construction drawings, and inspected and qualified prefabricated components specified in the previous steps, conducts a closed-loop construction process to achieve full-process quality control and completely solve the problems of chaotic procedures, uncontrolled quality, and high rework rates in traditional construction. On-site construction is divided into five sequentially connected standardized process units: tower foundation construction unit, tower erection unit, prefabricated component on-site assembly unit, line erection and wiring unit, and grounding system construction unit. Each process unit strictly adheres to the aforementioned specified construction technical parameters. Specifically, the tower foundation construction unit executes the foundation excavation dimensions; the tower erection unit controls the tower verticality to no more than 0.3%; the prefabricated component assembly unit controls the alignment accuracy to no more than 2mm; the line erection unit executes the line sag and grounding height parameters; and the grounding system construction unit controls the grounding resistance to no more than 4Ω.

[0120] After each construction unit is completed, digital testing equipment is used to conduct construction quality inspections and generate process quality inspection records. The formula for determining the pass / fail status of the inspection results is as follows:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula: is the th process's th detection indicator's actual measured value; is the allowable upper limit of this indicator specified in national specifications. When all detection indicators meet the requirements of the formula, the construction quality of the process is determined to be qualified.

[0123] To realize closed-loop control of processes, a parameter authority locking control mechanism is adopted. Only after the previous process is 100% qualified can the construction parameter execution authority of the next process be unlocked, and skipping processes in construction is prohibited. The calculation formula of process qualification rate is:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula: is the th process's qualification rate; is the number of qualified detection items of the process; is the total number of detection items of the process. When the process qualification rate is 100%, a complete process quality detection record is generated, and the data is uploaded to the construction management system in real time, and the construction authority of the next process is unlocked at the same time; when the qualification rate is less than 100%, the deviation rectification process is triggered immediately, the authority of the current process is locked, and entry into the next process is prohibited. After rectification is completed, quality detection is re-performed until the qualification rate reaches 100%. The construction execution parameters, operation timing records and quality detection data of all processes are completely retained and synchronized to the subsequent completion acceptance and data archiving links.

[0126] 5. Full-process digital acceptance and data archiving

[0127] This step completes the overall completion acceptance and full-process data archiving of the line renovation project based on the construction data of all the aforementioned links, forming a complete traceable construction data archive. After the completion of all process construction operations, digital verification is performed on the full set of technical parameters of the line renovation project, and an acceptance method combining digital detection and on-site verification is adopted. The core acceptance content and verification requirements are as follows:

[0128]

[0129] In the formula: is the actual sag of the line; is the designed sag of the line, with an allowable deviation of ±5%; is the equipment installation deviation; is the tower height, and the installation deviation shall not exceed five thousandths of the tower height; is the power-frequency grounding resistance of the grounding system, which is required to be no more than 4Ω; is the output voltage of the distribution box; The rated voltage of the line is fixed at 0.4kV, and the allowable deviation of the output voltage is ±10%. All acceptance data will be matched one by one with the process inspection data during construction. When the matching degree reaches 100%, the project is deemed to have passed the final acceptance and a complete project final acceptance report will be generated.

[0130] After acceptance, the technical data for the entire line renovation process was structured. To ensure data immutability and traceability, the SHA-256 hash algorithm was used to generate a unique traceability identifier for each set of construction data. The identifier generation formula is as follows:

[0131]

[0132] In the formula: Used as a unique traceability identifier for data; This refers to construction data content; Generate timestamps for the data; This serves as a unique identification number for the upgraded line. Ultimately, a traceable data archive for the entire low-voltage line construction process is created, with the archive content corresponding one-to-one with the aforementioned construction stages. Specifically, it includes: survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality inspection data, and project completion acceptance report, fully covering all technical aspects of the line upgrade process.

[0133] VI. Operation and Maintenance Data Integration and Full Lifecycle Traceability and Control

[0134] This step marks the final stage of the power line renovation project, achieving seamless integration of construction data and operation and maintenance management, and completing closed-loop management of the entire power line lifecycle from construction to operation and maintenance. The fully traceable data archives generated in the preceding steps are synchronized to the rural power operation and maintenance management system, establishing a one-to-one mapping relationship between construction technical parameters and operation and maintenance control parameters. The professional expression of this mapping relationship is as follows:

[0135]

[0136] In the formula: This establishes a data mapping relationship between construction and operation / maintenance. This is a complete construction data archive. These are core parameters for operation and maintenance management. By mapping relationships, the data barriers between construction and operation and maintenance are broken down, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to have a comprehensive grasp of the entire construction process of the line, providing accurate data support for daily operation and maintenance work.

[0137] After the line is put into operation, when the operation and maintenance system detects an anomaly in the line's operation, it can use the hash traceability identifier of the anomaly data to reverse match the entire construction process data, thereby achieving precise location of the anomaly. The source tracing and matching formula is as follows:

[0138]

[0139] In the formula: This refers to the construction phase corresponding to the anomaly. A hash identifier for abnormal operation and maintenance data; This serves as a hash identifier for data throughout the entire construction process. By matching these identifiers, the corresponding construction procedures, testing data, and responsible parties for abnormal issues can be quickly located, significantly improving the efficiency of line fault handling and enabling full lifecycle traceability and control of line renovation projects.

[0140] As an extension of the aforementioned core construction process, the technical solution of this invention can be adapted in a tiered manner according to the actual conditions of different rural renovation areas. While maintaining the core concepts of digitalization, prefabrication, standardization, and datafication, the following three alternative implementation schemes are formed:

[0141] Alternative Solution 1: Lightweight Construction Solution

[0142] It is suitable for rural areas with underdeveloped economies and small-scale renovation projects.

[0143] Surveying phase: In the absence of drone equipment, handheld digital surveying instruments combined with mobile GIS mini-programs are used to complete the digital collection and recording of surveying data, replacing drone aerial photography and reducing equipment investment costs.

[0144] Prefabrication stage: In the absence of an off-site prefabrication workshop, a small, enclosed prefabrication area is set up on the construction site to complete the off-site processing of simple prefabricated components such as hardware assemblies and wiring modules, thereby reducing the amount of complex on-site processing work.

[0145] Construction phase: Reduce the configuration of small construction machinery and adopt a simple combination of machinery and manual labor to meet the construction organization needs of small-scale renovation.

[0146] Data archiving phase: Lightweight digital tools such as spreadsheets and cloud documents are used to replace professional construction management systems to achieve basic traceability and archiving of construction data.

[0147] Alternative Solution 2: Upgraded Construction Plan

[0148] It is suitable for the renovation of large rural areas with relatively developed economies and complex geographical environments.

[0149] During the survey and design phase: the BeiDou positioning system is integrated with UAVs and GIS systems to achieve centimeter-level precise positioning of survey data; at the same time, BIM building information model is used for three-dimensional design of route modification to further improve design accuracy and visualization.

[0150] Prefabrication stage: Introduce automated production lines for prefabrication to achieve intelligent and standardized mass production of prefabrication, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality consistency of prefabrication.

[0151] Construction phase: Introduce small intelligent construction robots, such as intelligent wiring robots and connection robots, to replace some manual on-site operations and further improve construction efficiency and operational accuracy.

[0152] Quality control and operation and maintenance phase: IoT monitoring equipment is introduced to monitor the construction process and the operation status of the line after the renovation in real time. The monitoring data is automatically uploaded to the cloud platform to realize intelligent control of construction quality and line operation.

[0153] Alternative Solution 3: Cross-regional Collaborative Construction Plan

[0154] It is applicable to the contiguous renovation of multiple adjacent rural villages.

[0155] Organizational Model: Establish cross-regional specialized construction teams, set up unified survey and design centers, prefabrication centers, and quality control centers to provide unified survey and design, prefabrication processing, and quality inspection services for the renovation projects of multiple villages, thereby achieving regional resource sharing.

[0156] Construction organization: The low-voltage lines in contiguous rural areas will be renovated in a unified manner, with phased construction and simultaneous acceptance. This will optimize the overall layout of the lines and avoid line connection problems that may arise when each village is renovated separately.

[0157] Data Management: Establish a cross-regional construction data sharing platform to achieve unified archiving and operation and maintenance docking of construction data for renovation in various villages, thereby improving the overall management level of low-voltage lines in contiguous rural areas.

[0158] The above three alternative solutions do not deviate from the core technical ideas of digitalization, prefabrication, standardization and datafication of this invention. They are simply adjusted in a tiered manner in terms of equipment configuration, organizational model and technical depth according to the actual needs of different rural renovation scenarios. All of them can achieve the goal of optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation.

[0159] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation, wherein the rural low-voltage line is a distribution line to households with a voltage level of 0.4kV or below within a rural area, characterized in that... include: Preliminary surveying and mapping of the renovation area was conducted to obtain the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, residential land, and public roads within the renovation area, and to determine the safety control threshold for construction avoidance. For different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields, and streets, the construction technical parameters are adjusted and determined. The construction technical parameters include: pole and tower spacing, foundation excavation dimensions, and line protection requirements. A full-scale digital survey was conducted in the renovation area to obtain accurate survey data on the route and tower locations. Based on the survey data and the boundary coordinates and safety control thresholds of the aforementioned farmland, residential land, and public roads, the route renovation design was completed, digital construction drawings were generated, and the drawings were synchronized to the prefabrication and on-site construction stages. Based on synchronized digital construction drawings, standardized production and factory inspection of prefabricated components for line renovation are completed; according to the sequence of on-site construction procedures, the classification and distribution of prefabricated components are completed. The on-site construction is divided into sequentially connected standardized process units, which include tower foundation construction, tower erection, prefabricated component assembly, line erection and wiring, and grounding system construction. Each process unit is carried out in strict accordance with the construction technical parameters and digital construction drawings. After each process is completed, digital testing equipment is used to complete the construction quality inspection, generate process quality inspection records, and upload the inspection data in real time. Any unqualified processes are rectified immediately, and the next process can only be carried out after the rectification is qualified. After the completion of all construction processes, the acceptance of the entire process, including the quality of line erection, equipment installation accuracy, grounding system performance, and distribution box operation status, is completed by using digital testing combined with on-site verification. The entire process of technical data, including survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality inspection data, and acceptance reports, is compiled into a traceable low-voltage line construction process data archive. The entire data archive of the low-voltage line construction process will be fully synchronized to the rural power operation and maintenance management system to achieve the connection between construction data and operation and maintenance data, so as to support the traceability and control of line operation anomalies.

2. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety control thresholds include the minimum avoidance distance in farmland areas, the minimum avoidance distance in residential land areas, and the minimum avoidance distance in public road areas. The minimum avoidance distance in farmland areas is 0.5 meters, the minimum avoidance distance in residential land areas is 1.0 meter, and the minimum avoidance distance in public road areas is 1.5 meters. The distance between any construction point and route and the corresponding avoidance boundary shall not be less than the minimum avoidance distance.

3. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment and determination of construction technical parameters include: For the spacing of poles and towers, a terrain correction coefficient is introduced to adapt and adjust the standard pole and tower spacing in the city. The terrain correction coefficient is determined according to the terrain characteristics of the construction area, with 1.0 for plains, 0.9 for hilly areas, 0.85 for scattered villages, and 0.8 for densely watered areas. For the basic excavation size, a soil correction coefficient is introduced to add a correction increment to the standard excavation size. The soil correction coefficient is determined according to the soil characteristics of the construction area, with 1.0 for clay areas, 2.0 for sandy areas, and 3.0 for silty soil areas. The step size of the correction increment is 0.1 meters. For the minimum height of the line from the ground, a scene correction coefficient is introduced to add a correction increment on the basis of the standard ground height. The scene correction coefficient takes values according to the construction scenario, wherein 1.0 is taken for field areas, 1.5 is taken for crowded streets and alleys, and the step size of the correction increment is 0.5 meters.

4. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full-range digital survey of the reconstruction area is specifically: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial photography combined with hand-held digital survey equipment is adopted to complete full-coverage data collection of the reconstruction area; the UAV collects panoramic data of large-scale topography and surrounding obstacles in the reconstruction area, and the hand-held digital survey equipment collects local accurate data of preset tower points, line paths and grounding body positions; A four-parameter plane coordinate conversion model is used to eliminate coordinate deviations of multi-source data, and all collected data are uniformly converted to the local construction coordinate system, so as to ensure that the survey data are unified with the boundary coordinates and safety control threshold benchmarks determined by pre-surveying and mapping; After completing multi-source data fusion, a GIS digital survey base map is generated, and all survey data are uploaded to the construction management system in real time, providing accurate on-site data support for subsequent line reconstruction design.

5. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The line reconstruction design includes: based on the safety control threshold as a hard constraint, an improved Dijkstra shortest path algorithm is used to solve the optimal layout path of rural low-voltage lines; the algorithm takes the shortest total path length as the core objective, and sets an infinite penalty term for paths that invade the safety control threshold; initialize the cost of the starting point of the path to zero, and the cost of other points to infinity, traverse all path nodes one by one, calculate the path cost of each node and the distance to the avoidance boundary, update the optimal path and predecessor node of the node, and finally obtain the complete optimal line path by backtracking the predecessor nodes.

6. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The implementation sites and production modes for standardized production of prefabricated parts for line reconstruction include but are not limited to: fixed prefabrication workshops inside or outside factories, closed small prefabrication processing areas set at the reconstruction construction site, intelligent mass production processing centers equipped with automatic production lines, and centralized and unified prefabrication processing centers supporting contiguous reconstruction projects; The prefabricated parts for line reconstruction include: tower foundation embedded accessories, hardware assemblies, distribution box wiring modules, and line insulation supports.

7. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction quality inspection adopts a parameter authority locking mechanism. The process pass rate is calculated as the ratio of the number of qualified inspection items of the process to the total number of inspection items. Only when the pass rate of the previous process reaches 100% can the construction parameter execution authority of the next process be unlocked, and jumping over processes for construction is prohibited; when the process pass rate is less than 100%, the deviation rectification process is triggered immediately, the authority of the current process is locked, and entry into the next process is prohibited. After rectification is completed, quality inspection is re-carried out until the process pass rate reaches 100%.

8. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital inspection includes: digital verification of all technical parameters of the line renovation project. The core acceptance content and verification requirements include: line erection quality control, the deviation between the actual sag and the design sag of the line is within ±5%; equipment installation accuracy control, the equipment installation deviation does not exceed five per thousand of the corresponding tower height; grounding system performance control, the power frequency grounding resistance of the grounding system does not exceed 4Ω; and distribution box operation status control, the deviation between the output voltage of the distribution box and the rated voltage of the line is within ±10%, wherein the rated voltage of the line is fixed at 0.4kΩ.

9. The control method for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compilation of the construction process data archive includes: structuring the technical data of the entire line renovation process, using the SHA-256 hash algorithm, and combining three core elements—construction data content, data generation timestamp, and unique line number—to generate a unique traceability identifier for each set of construction data. Based on the construction data of the entire process with unique traceability identifiers, a traceable data archive of the entire low-voltage line construction process is formed.

10. A management and control system for optimizing the construction process of rural low-voltage line renovation, wherein the rural low-voltage lines are distribution lines to households with a voltage level of 0.4kV and below within rural areas, characterized in that... It includes modules for pre-construction surveying and parameter adaptation, digital surveying and design, prefabricated component management and delivery, process-based construction closed-loop management, digital acceptance and file management, and operation and maintenance data docking and traceability. The pre-survey and parameter adaptation module is used to conduct pre-survey of the transformation area, obtain the boundary coordinate parameters of farmland, homesteads and public roads in the transformation area, and determine the safety control threshold for construction avoidance; it is also used to adjust and determine the construction technical parameters for different scenarios such as scattered rural terrain, fields and streets, including the pole and tower arrangement spacing, foundation excavation size and line protection requirements. The digital surveying and design module is used to conduct a full-range digital survey of the renovation area to obtain accurate survey data on the route and tower locations. It is also used to complete the route renovation design based on the survey data and the boundary coordinates and safety control thresholds of the aforementioned farmland, residential land, and public roads, generating digital construction drawings and synchronizing these drawings to the prefabricated component management and distribution module and the procedural construction closed-loop management module. The prefabricated component management and distribution module is used to complete the standardized production and factory inspection of prefabricated components for the route renovation based on the synchronized digital construction drawings. It is also used to classify and distribute prefabricated components according to the sequence of on-site construction procedures. The procedural construction closed-loop management module is used to divide the on-site construction into sequentially connected standardized procedural units. These standardized procedural units sequentially include tower foundation construction, tower erection, prefabricated component assembly, line erection and wiring, and grounding system construction. The module manages each procedural unit to strictly follow the construction technical parameters and digital construction drawings. It is also used to collect construction quality inspection data from digital testing equipment after each procedural is completed, generate procedural quality inspection records, upload the inspection data in real time, trigger rectification control for unqualified procedurals, and allow the next procedural to proceed only after the rectification is qualified. The digital acceptance and archive management module is used to complete the acceptance of all aspects of the line erection quality, equipment installation accuracy, grounding system performance, and distribution box operation status after the completion of all construction processes, using digital testing combined with on-site verification. It is also used to organize the entire process of technical data, including survey and design data, prefabrication records, construction process data, process quality testing data, and acceptance reports, into a traceable data archive of the entire low-voltage line construction process. The operation and maintenance data docking and traceability module is used to fully synchronize the data archives of the entire low-voltage line construction process to the rural power operation and maintenance management system, so as to realize the docking of construction data and operation and maintenance data, and support the traceability and control of line operation anomalies.

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