Safety warning method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a safety early warning method and system, the safety early warning system applied to a target factory building comprises a monitoring terminal, the monitoring terminal is assembled on a corresponding worker, and the monitoring terminal comprises a positioning module and an alarm module; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building, identifying dangerous cross-operation risks and personnel loss risks according to the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, generating corresponding early warning information when it is determined that there are dangerous cross-operation risks and / or personnel loss risks, and sending early warning instructions to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding worker to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning instructions. Therefore, the method can automatically identify dangerous cross-operation risks and personnel loss risks in the factory building through the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, so that precise risk early warning in a three-dimensional cross-operation scene, such as a thermal power plant, a boiler and a steam turbine factory building, is realized, and the operation safety of a closed space is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of industrial safety protection technology, and in particular to a safety early warning method and system. Background Technology

[0002] The boiler and turbine buildings of a thermal power plant are the core production areas of the power generation enterprise. Their typical characteristics include complex equipment layout, tall building structures, and multi-layered, interconnected work spaces. Boiler buildings are typically tens to hundreds of meters high, with the boiler body arranged in layers, from the coal mill area at ground level to the furnace roof platform, creating multiple working levels vertically. Turbine buildings, on the other hand, have multiple layers including turbine maintenance platforms, overhead crane tracks, and piping layers. In this complex environment, it is common to see multiple trades and shifts working simultaneously on the same vertical plane, including equipment maintenance, pipe welding, instrument calibration, and insulation work.

[0003] According to current safety regulations, when working in a vertically overlapping manner, the lower-level work area must be outside the radius of the potential fall zone determined by the height of the upper level; otherwise, an isolation and protective layer must be installed. However, in actual production, due to the dense equipment and limited space in thermal power plants, workers often find it difficult to accurately judge their relative positions to those above and below them, leading to frequent violations of vertical overlapping operations. Furthermore, confined spaces in thermal power plants—such as boiler furnaces, flues, condenser water chambers, deaerator water tanks, and cable trenches—are small, have limited entrances and exits, and poor natural ventilation. In the event of accidents such as fainting or loss of contact, it is difficult for external personnel to detect and locate the incident in a timely manner. Under traditional management methods, the discovery of such accidents often relies on manual inspections and counts by the work supervisor, resulting in poor response time and missed opportunities for optimal rescue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of this application is to propose a safety early warning method that automatically identifies the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss within a plant by monitoring the three-dimensional coordinates of a terminal, thereby achieving accurate risk warnings in three-dimensional cross-operation scenarios such as thermal power plants and boiler / turbine plants, and improving the safety of operations in confined spaces.

[0005] The second objective of this application is to propose a security early warning system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application proposes a safety early warning method applied to a safety early warning system for a target factory building. The safety early warning system includes monitoring terminals, which are installed on corresponding operators. Each monitoring terminal includes a positioning module and an alarm module. The method includes: acquiring the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal within the target factory building; identifying the risk of dangerous cross-operations and the risk of personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminals; and generating corresponding early warning information when the risk of dangerous cross-operations and / or the risk of personnel loss is determined to exist, and sending an early warning command to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command.

[0007] According to the safety early warning method of this application, the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target plant are obtained. Based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminals, the risks of hazardous cross-operations and personnel loss are identified. When a risk of hazardous cross-operations and / or personnel loss is determined to exist, corresponding early warning information is generated, and an early warning command is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding worker. Based on the early warning command, the corresponding alarm module is activated. Therefore, this method can automatically identify the risks of hazardous cross-operations and personnel loss in a plant through the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminals, achieving accurate risk early warning in three-dimensional cross-operation scenarios such as thermal power plants and boiler / turbine plants, thus improving the safety of operations in confined spaces.

[0008] In addition, the security warning method according to the above embodiments of this application may also have the following additional technical features: In some embodiments of this application, the positioning module is a UWB (Ultra-Wideband) positioning tag module. The security early warning system also includes a positioning base station network, which includes multiple UWB positioning base stations installed in the target factory building. The system acquires the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building, including: determining the position coordinates of the multiple UWB positioning base stations in the spatial coordinate system of the target factory building; acquiring the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the monitoring terminal through the positioning base station network; and determining the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal in the spatial coordinate system based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and the position coordinates of the UWB positioning base stations.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, identifying the risk of dangerous cross-operations based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminals includes: calculating the distance between the horizontal projected coordinates of any two monitoring terminals based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates; obtaining the vertical distance between the two monitoring terminals when the distance between the horizontal projected coordinates of the two monitoring terminals is less than a preset horizontal safety threshold; and determining that there is a risk of dangerous cross-operations when the vertical distance between the two monitoring terminals is greater than a preset vertical safety threshold and the workers corresponding to the two monitoring terminals are both active.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the monitoring terminal includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU) for collecting motion state data of workers and identifying the risk of personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal. This includes: determining the enclosed space electronic fence area within the target factory building; identifying the enclosed space entry event of the monitoring terminal and the corresponding entry time and expected working time based on the real-time three-dimensional space of the monitoring terminal, and identifying the actual working time based on the entry time; acquiring the real-time positioning signal of the monitoring terminal in the enclosed space and the corresponding motion state data of the workers, and identifying the duration of the positioning signal interruption based on the real-time positioning signal, and identifying the workers' motion acceleration and angular velocity based on the motion state data; determining the risk of personnel loss when the duration of the positioning signal interruption exceeds a first duration threshold, or when both the motion acceleration and angular velocity are lower than a preset static threshold and the duration exceeds a second duration threshold, or when the actual working time exceeds the expected working time and no event of the monitoring terminal leaving the enclosed space is identified.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the safety early warning system further includes a mobile terminal, which is equipped with the corresponding operator to receive early warning information. After obtaining the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory, the system further includes: generating a real-time location distribution map of the operators in the target factory based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal, and sending the real-time location distribution map of the operators to the mobile terminal for display.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, after determining that there is a risk of personnel loss and generating corresponding early warning information, the method further includes: sending the early warning information to multiple mobile terminals to drive the mobile terminals to activate the team search and rescue mode. When the mobile terminals are in the team search and rescue mode, the real-time location of the personnel in the same search and rescue team and the missing personnel are distinguished, identified and shared through the real-time location distribution map of the personnel.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, when a risk of dangerous cross-operation and / or loss of personnel is determined, a corresponding early warning information is generated and an early warning instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning instruction. The method further includes: when the risk is identified as being eliminated, a corresponding early warning cancellation information is generated and an early warning cancellation instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal to drive the corresponding alarm module to shut down based on the early warning cancellation instruction.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the safety early warning system further includes an environmental monitoring sensor group deployed at the exit and entrance of the enclosed space of the target plant. The solution also includes: receiving environmental parameters collected by the environmental monitoring sensor group; performing a safety situation assessment based on the environmental parameters and the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target plant, and generating a corresponding safety situation assessment report.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the second aspect of this application proposes a safety early warning system applied to a target factory building. The system includes: a monitoring terminal, which is mounted on the corresponding operator and includes a positioning module and an alarm module; and a back-end server, which is communicatively connected to the monitoring terminal and is used to acquire the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal within the target factory building. Based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, the system identifies the risk of hazardous cross-operations and the risk of personnel loss. When the risk of hazardous cross-operations and / or the risk of personnel loss are determined to exist, the system generates corresponding early warning information and sends an early warning command to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator, thereby activating the corresponding alarm module based on the early warning command.

[0016] According to the safety early warning system of this application embodiment, a monitoring terminal is installed on the corresponding operator. The monitoring terminal includes a positioning module and an alarm module. A backend server is communicatively connected to the monitoring terminal to acquire the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target plant. Based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, the system identifies the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss. When a risk of dangerous cross-operations and / or personnel loss is determined to exist, the system generates corresponding early warning information and sends an early warning command to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator, thereby driving the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command. Thus, the system can automatically identify the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss in the plant through the monitoring terminal installed on the operator, thereby achieving accurate risk early warning in three-dimensional cross-operation scenarios such as thermal power plants and boiler turbine plants, and improving the safety of operations in confined spaces.

[0017] In addition, the security warning system according to the above embodiments of this application may also have the following additional technical features: In some embodiments of this application, the positioning module is a UWB positioning tag module. The safety warning system further includes: a positioning base station network, which includes multiple UWB positioning base stations installed in the target factory building. The UWB positioning base stations communicate with the UWB positioning tag module. The positioning base station network is used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building. A back-end server is communicatively connected to the positioning base station network and is used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the monitoring terminal through the positioning base station network. Based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and the position coordinates of the UWB positioning base station in the spatial coordinate system of the target factory building, the server determines the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal in the spatial coordinate system. A mobile terminal is installed on the corresponding operator and is used to receive the warning information sent by the back-end server.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of a security early warning system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 Here is a flowchart of a security warning method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a security warning system according to a specific embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0021] In related technologies, for enclosed environments such as boiler rooms and turbine rooms in thermal power plants, a positioning module installed on a safety helmet is used to obtain the horizontal position information of workers inside the plant and upload the horizontal position information to the back-end monitoring center, so that the real-time position of the workers can be viewed through the back-end.

[0022] However, this method can only display the horizontal positional relationship of personnel and lacks the ability to actively warn of vertical cross-operations. In addition, the location information is only uploaded to the background monitoring center. Ordinary workers cannot know the real-time location distribution of their colleagues through their mobile phones or other terminal devices. There is a lack of mutual support when working collaboratively in confined spaces, and there is a lack of early warning mechanism for personnel loss in confined space operations.

[0023] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes a safety early warning method applied to a safety early warning system for a target factory building. The safety early warning system includes a monitoring terminal, which is installed on the corresponding operator. The monitoring terminal includes a positioning module and an alarm module. This method automatically identifies the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss within the factory building by using the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, thereby achieving accurate risk warnings in three-dimensional cross-operation scenarios such as thermal power plants and boiler / turbine plants, and improving the safety of operations in confined spaces.

[0024] The safety early warning method proposed in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the safety early warning method is applied to a safety early warning system for a target factory building. The safety early warning system includes a monitoring terminal, which is installed on the corresponding operator. The monitoring terminal includes a positioning module and an alarm module.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the safety early warning system 100 may include a monitoring terminal 110 and a back-end server 120. Personnel entering the target factory building carry the monitoring terminal 110 to perform real-time location tracking and early warning communication with the workers. The back-end server 120 implements this safety early warning method.

[0027] For example, the monitoring terminal 110 is a smart safety helmet terminal. While maintaining the original protective performance of the safety helmet body, the smart safety helmet terminal integrates multiple electronic modules. All modules are installed in the interlayer between the buffer layer and the outer shell of the safety helmet body, without affecting the wearing comfort.

[0028] The specific parameter configurations of each hardware module in the smart safety helmet terminal are as follows: The UWB positioning tag module operates in the 3.7 to 4.2 GHz frequency band and supports both TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) and TOF (Time of Flight) positioning algorithms. In the complex non-line-of-sight environment of a thermal power plant boiler and turbine building, it achieves sub-meter positioning accuracy. The module uses an L-shaped antenna built into the safety helmet to transmit ultra-wideband pulse signals in all directions, which are then received by a network of positioning base stations deployed within the plant.

[0029] The inertial measurement unit (IMU) includes a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope. The accelerometer has a range of ±16g, and the gyroscope has a range of ±2000° / s, with a sampling frequency of no less than 50Hz. This unit collects real-time data on the wearer's head motion acceleration and angular velocity to determine whether the person is in an abnormal posture such as stationary, walking, bending over, or falling. It is one of the important data sources for early warning of missing persons in confined spaces.

[0030] The environmental sensing module includes a temperature sensor and a barometric pressure sensor. The temperature sensor measures from -40°C to 125°C, while the barometric pressure sensor is used to assist in environmental perception and elevation calibration, compensating for fluctuations in positioning accuracy in areas with severe metal obstruction.

[0031] The audible and visual alarm module consists of a high-brightness LED (Light-Emitting Diode) warning light and a buzzer. The LED warning light supports dual-color display in red and yellow, corresponding to the first-level and second-level warnings, respectively. The buzzer volume is no less than 85 decibels. The warning light and buzzer are installed on the sides and back of the safety helmet, respectively, to ensure that the wearer and those around them can be alerted.

[0032] The first wireless communication module supports both 2.4GHz / 5GHz dual-band WiFi and 4G / 5G mobile communication, automatically switching according to the on-site network conditions. It is used for bidirectional data transmission between the safety helmet terminal and the back-end server, as well as downlink transmission of warning instructions and voice broadcast content.

[0033] The voice communication module, including a miniature speaker and microphone, can clearly convey the warning content and suggested avoidance or search and rescue strategies to the wearer through voice broadcast when a vertical cross-operation warning or a personnel loss warning is received. It can also be used for one-click voice communication between operators.

[0034] The main control module, using a low-power ARM architecture processor, is responsible for coordinating and controlling the working status of the above modules, performing local preprocessing and caching of sensor data, and still being able to execute local early warning decisions when communication is interrupted, ensuring that the safety helmet terminal has a certain degree of offline autonomy.

[0035] The power supply module uses a rechargeable lithium battery with a capacity of no less than 2000 mAh, which can meet the requirement of continuous operation for no less than 12 hours. The charging interface is a standard USB-C, which is convenient for compatibility with common charging facilities in industrial sites.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the security warning method of this application embodiment includes the following steps: S201, obtain the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building.

[0037] In other words, when workers enter the target factory, they wear monitoring terminals, such as smart safety helmet terminals. The positioning module of each smart safety helmet terminal then obtains the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each worker to represent their real-time three-dimensional coordinates.

[0038] S202 identifies the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal.

[0039] Specifically, based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, it can be calculated whether any two workers are engaged in vertically overlapping operations with overlapping horizontal coordinates. When such vertical overlapping operations are identified, the relative vertical distance between the two workers is used to assess the potential risk of dangerous overlapping operations. This risk can be evaluated by setting a safe vertical threshold. The risk of personnel loss can be assessed by identifying the actual working time of workers within the target factory area using the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal. If the actual working time exceeds a preset time, a risk of personnel loss is considered present.

[0040] S203 When it is determined that there is a risk of dangerous cross-operation and / or the risk of personnel loss, a corresponding early warning message is generated and an early warning command is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command. In other words, when a risk of dangerous cross-operation and / or loss of personnel is identified, corresponding early warning information is generated. This early warning information can be sent to the mobile terminals of workers in the target factory, preset safety feedback terminals, etc. For example, when it is identified that worker A in the target factory is at risk of being lost, a loss warning information is sent to the smart safety helmet terminals and mobile terminal APPs of other workers in the enclosed space of the target factory. The information includes the last known location coordinates of worker A.

[0041] Simultaneously, upon identifying risks of hazardous cross-operations and / or personnel loss, an early warning command is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding worker. This command then activates the corresponding alarm module, such as an audible and visual alarm module. For example, the smart safety helmet terminal worn by the worker also includes a voice communication module. Upon receiving an early warning of vertical cross-operations or a personnel loss, the module conveys the warning content and suggested avoidance / search and rescue strategies to the wearer via voice broadcast.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the positioning module is a UWB positioning tag module, and the safety early warning system also includes a positioning base station network. The positioning base station network includes multiple UWB positioning base stations installed in the target factory building. The system obtains the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building, including: determining the position coordinates of the multiple UWB positioning base stations in the spatial coordinate system of the target factory building; obtaining the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the monitoring terminal through the positioning base station network; and determining the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal in the spatial coordinate system based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and the position coordinates of the UWB positioning base stations.

[0043] Specifically, when the monitoring terminal uses UWB positioning tag modules, the safety early warning system also includes a network of positioning base stations deployed within the target plant. For example, the positioning base station deployment scheme is as follows: taking the boiler room and turbine room of a thermal power plant as examples, in the boiler room, starting from the zero-meter level, a group of UWB positioning base stations is deployed every 10 to 15 meters in height. Each group contains at least four base stations, installed at the four corners of that floor to ensure three-dimensional positioning accuracy in that height area. In the turbine room, positioning base stations are deployed around key operating areas such as the turbine platform, the overhead rail level, and the pipe mezzanine. Additional dedicated base stations are deployed at entrances and exits of enclosed spaces such as boiler furnace manholes, flue inspection holes, and condenser manholes for precise detection of personnel entry and exit events. Each base station uses PoE (Power over Ethernet) power supply and is connected to the backend server via fiber optic cable.

[0044] In the application process, a three-dimensional coordinate system is first constructed for the target factory building to obtain its spatial coordinate system. The process of establishing the three-dimensional coordinate system of the target factory building is as follows: A fixed corner point of the factory building is used as the origin, for example, the southwest corner of the zero-meter level of the boiler room is selected as the origin O(0,0,0). The length direction of the factory building is used as the X-axis, the width direction as the Y-axis, and the vertical upward direction as the Z-axis, thus establishing a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system. The precise coordinates of each positioning base station in this coordinate system are obtained through surveying, and all base station coordinates are entered into the configuration database of the backend server as a reference benchmark for subsequent TDOA positioning calculations.

[0045] Continuing with the safety early warning method implemented through a backend server, taking a smart safety helmet terminal as the monitoring terminal as an example, multiple UWB positioning base stations from the positioning base station network are deployed at various working levels, passages, and entrances / exits of the boiler room and turbine room in the thermal power plant to acquire the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the smart safety helmet terminal. These three-dimensional spatial coordinates are the raw UWB arrival timestamp data of the smart safety helmet terminal received by the base station. The backend server connects to the positioning base station network and each smart safety helmet terminal through a communication network. Using the position coordinates of each positioning base station as the reference coordinates, and combining the received three-dimensional spatial coordinates with the position coordinates of each positioning base station, the real-time three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each smart safety helmet terminal within the plant's spatial coordinate system are calculated.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, identifying the risk of dangerous cross-operations based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminals includes: calculating the distance between the horizontal projected coordinates of any two monitoring terminals based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates; obtaining the vertical distance between the two monitoring terminals when the distance between the horizontal projected coordinates of the two monitoring terminals is less than a preset horizontal safety threshold; and determining that there is a risk of dangerous cross-operations when the vertical distance between the two monitoring terminals is greater than a preset vertical safety threshold and the workers corresponding to the two monitoring terminals are both active.

[0047] Specifically, taking the boiler plant maintenance operation scenario, with the monitoring terminal being the smart safety helmet terminal and the back-end server of the safety early warning system executing the safety early warning method as an example, the specific execution process of the vertical cross operation early warning is explained.

[0048] Assume that during the same work period, worker A is performing pipe welding on the 15-meter platform of the boiler room, worker B is performing equipment transportation on the ground level of the boiler room, and worker C is performing insulation layer removal on the 25-meter level of the boiler room. All three are correctly wearing smart safety helmet terminals and are online.

[0049] Combination Figure 3As shown, firstly, the 3D coordinate calculation unit of the backend server continuously calculates the real-time 3D coordinates of each smart safety helmet terminal in the factory's spatial coordinate system, i.e., the real-time 3D coordinates of the workers, based on the UWB signal received by the positioning base station network, at an update frequency of 1Hz to 5Hz. Assume the calculated real-time 3D coordinates are as follows: worker A's real-time 3D coordinates are (25.3, 18.7, 15.2), worker B's real-time 3D coordinates are (24.8, 19.1, 0.5), and worker C's real-time 3D coordinates are (26.1, 18.2, 25.8), with the coordinate unit being meters.

[0050] Subsequently, the vertical cross-operation identification unit of the backend server begins to execute the cross-operation identification logic for any pairwise combinations. Taking the identification process of worker A and worker B as an example: First, the horizontal projection distance between the two is calculated, that is, the Euclidean distance between their plane coordinates after ignoring the Z-axis height. The calculation formula is d_XY =√[(X_A-X_B)²+(Y_A-Y_B)²], and substituting the coordinates, d_XY = √[(25.3-24.8)²+(18.7-19.1)²] = √(0.25+0.16)≈0.64 meters.

[0051] Assume the preset horizontal safety threshold R_safe is 3 meters. Since the calculated horizontal projection distance of 0.64 meters is less than 3 meters, the recognition unit determines that there is a vertical projection overlap between workers A and B, that is, worker B is working directly below A who is currently working at a height.

[0052] Next, the vertical distance ΔZ = |Z_A - Z_B| = |15.2 - 0.5| = 14.7 meters is calculated. Assuming the preset vertical safety distance threshold Z_safe is 5 meters, since the vertical distance of 14.7 meters is greater than 5 meters, and both operations are in an active state (not stationary or already evacuated), the identification unit determines that a dangerous vertical cross-operation has been constituted and generates a level one warning.

[0053] The early warning generation and distribution unit immediately performs the following actions: a Level 1 early warning command is sent to the smart safety helmet terminals of workers A and B, and the audible and visual alarm modules of both are activated simultaneously, with red LEDs flashing at a high frequency and buzzers sounding; the voice communication module broadcasts the message "Attention: There is cross-operation above / below, please stop work immediately or take protective measures"; at the same time, the early warning information is pushed to the mobile terminal APP of workers A and B through the backend server, and the APP pops up an early warning card with vibration reminder, requiring workers to click to confirm; the monitoring backend of the safety management personnel also displays the details of the early warning event simultaneously.

[0054] The safety early warning system continuously monitors the coordinate changes of all workers in real time. The warning is automatically lifted when worker A moves horizontally, causing the horizontal projection distance between them and worker B to exceed R_safe, or when the vertical distance between them decreases to within Z_safe due to one worker's withdrawal. If workers do not respond to the warning, the system can be configured to escalate the warning level step by step and notify higher-level safety management personnel to intervene.

[0055] For workers A and C, after calculating their horizontal and vertical projection distances, if their projections overlap and the vertical distance exceeds the threshold, a corresponding warning will be triggered. If multiple workers are located below on the same vertical projection line, the system will simultaneously send warnings to all relevant smart helmet terminals to ensure no one is missed.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the monitoring terminal includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU) for collecting motion state data of workers and identifying the risk of personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal. This includes: determining the enclosed space electronic fence area within the target factory building; identifying the enclosed space entry event of the monitoring terminal and the corresponding entry time and expected working time based on the real-time three-dimensional space of the monitoring terminal, and identifying the actual working time based on the entry time; acquiring the real-time positioning signal of the monitoring terminal in the enclosed space and the corresponding motion state data of the workers, and identifying the duration of the positioning signal interruption based on the real-time positioning signal, and identifying the workers' motion acceleration and angular velocity based on the motion state data; determining the risk of personnel loss when the duration of the positioning signal interruption exceeds a first duration threshold, or when both the motion acceleration and angular velocity are lower than a preset static threshold and the duration exceeds a second duration threshold, or when the actual working time exceeds the expected working time and no event of the monitoring terminal leaving the enclosed space is identified.

[0057] Specifically, the inertial measurement unit includes a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, which are used to monitor the wearer's motion posture and motion state data in real time, and help determine whether the person is in an abnormal state such as being stationary or falling.

[0058] In addition to the aforementioned establishment of a positioning base station network and a three-dimensional coordinate system, the deployment of a safety early warning system also includes the configuration of electronic fences for enclosed spaces. Continuing with the example of a power plant's boiler room and turbine room, the configuration method for electronic fences in enclosed spaces is as follows: Based on the design drawings and safety operating procedures of the boiler room and turbine room, the following areas are defined as independent electronic fences for enclosed spaces in the backend server: the interior of the boiler furnace, the interior of each floor of the flue, the water chamber of the turbine condenser, the interior of the deaerator water tank, cable trenches, and oil pipeline tunnels. Each enclosed space is configured with independent electronic fence boundary coordinates (a polyhedral region defined by multiple three-dimensional vertices), maximum allowed simultaneous number of workers, and standard operating time, etc., for subsequent personnel entry and exit management and loss warning judgment.

[0059] Taking the scenario of maintenance work inside a boiler furnace, with the monitoring terminal being a smart safety helmet terminal, and the back-end server in the safety early warning system executing the safety early warning method as an example, this paper illustrates the specific execution process of the early warning of personnel loss in a confined space.

[0060] Worker D, wearing a smart safety helmet terminal, prepares to enter the boiler furnace to inspect the internal heating surfaces. When D passes through the furnace manhole, the UWB positioning base station deployed at the entrance detects the entry signal of the UWB tag on the safety helmet terminal. The confined space personnel loss identification unit on the backend server then records D's entry event, including personnel identification information, entry time, and the expected work duration set according to the work order. In this scenario, the expected work duration is set to 45 minutes.

[0061] After entering the furnace, worker D's smart safety helmet terminal continuously sends UWB positioning signals, while the inertial measurement unit collects triaxial acceleration and angular velocity data in real time at a frequency of no less than 50Hz and uploads them to the back-end server through the first wireless communication module.

[0062] The confined space personnel loss identification unit continuously monitors the status of worker D from multiple dimensions, specifically including three independent judgment conditions: First, location signal monitoring. The system continuously checks whether the UWB location signal from the smart safety helmet terminal of worker D is being normally received by the location base station network. When the duration of signal interruption (i.e., continuous failure to receive valid location data packets) exceeds a preset first duration threshold T1, for example, T1 is set to 60 seconds, a personnel loss warning is triggered. Signal interruption may be caused by equipment failure, severe metal obstruction inside the furnace, or personnel unconsciousness causing changes in posture that obstruct the antenna, etc. Regardless of the cause, it must be checked immediately.

[0063] Second, motion status monitoring. The system analyzes the motion data uploaded by the inertial measurement unit of D in real time, calculating the resultant acceleration amplitude and resultant angular velocity amplitude. When the resultant acceleration amplitude remains below 0.1 m / s² and the resultant angular velocity amplitude remains below 5° / s for a duration exceeding a preset second time threshold T2 (e.g., T2 is set to 120 seconds), the system determines that the personnel are in a prolonged state of stillness. During normal operations, personnel will constantly make slight body movements or shifts. Prolonged complete stillness is highly likely to indicate an accident such as fainting or suffocation, thus triggering a personnel loss warning.

[0064] Third, monitoring of overtime work. The system continuously compares the cumulative time that worker D spends in the confined space with its preset work time. When worker D spends more than 45 minutes in the furnace and the entrance / exit base station has not detected a UWB signal event indicating that worker D has left, an overtime warning is triggered, reminding management personnel to pay attention to whether the worker is encountering difficulties and is unable to evacuate on time.

[0065] This scenario assumes that worker D collapses inside the furnace due to heatstroke. At this point, D's inertial measurement unit continuously detects a stationary state for more than 120 seconds, meeting the second criterion. The confined space personnel loss detection unit immediately triggers a personnel loss warning, with the warning level rated as "red".

[0066] The early warning generation and distribution unit then executes a series of preset actions, such as sending audible and visual alarms and voice broadcasts to the smart safety helmet terminals of other workers (e.g., colleagues E and F in the same shift) within the furnace electronic fence area, with the broadcast content stating, "Worker D has lost activity signal inside the furnace, last location X=12.5, Y=8.3, Z=6.2, please check immediately!"; pushing early warning information to the monitoring backend of the safety management personnel, clearly including D's identity information, entry time, last known three-dimensional coordinates, and the reason for the warning (prolonged inactivity); simultaneously, pushing the same early warning information to the mobile terminal APP of D's colleagues, with the APP automatically highlighting D's last known location on the map and providing navigation guidance from the current location to that location.

[0067] In addition, the system supports linking data from environmental monitoring sensor arrays deployed at the entrances and exits of enclosed spaces with early warning information. For example, if the environmental sensor outside the manhole detects an abnormally high concentration of carbon monoxide inside the furnace, this information will be pushed to relevant personnel and the backend, prompting rescue personnel to wear respiratory protective equipment.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, the safety early warning system further includes a mobile terminal, which is equipped with the corresponding operator to receive early warning information. After obtaining the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory, the system further includes: generating a real-time location distribution map of the operators in the target factory based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal, and sending the real-time location distribution map of the operators to the mobile terminal for display.

[0069] In other words, the mobile terminal can be the worker's smartphone, which connects to the backend server via a wireless network to receive and visualize the real-time location distribution map of each worker in the same work area and to receive early warning information.

[0070] For example, after opening the corresponding app on their mobile device, workers can view a floor plan or 3D model of their current factory area on the homepage. Based on the real-time 3D coordinates of all online workers in the same area sent by the backend server, the real-time location of each worker is marked on the view with circular icons of different colors. Different colors are used to distinguish different job types; for example, welders have blue icons, crane operators have orange icons, and electrical maintenance workers have yellow icons. Clicking on any worker's icon will pop up an information card displaying the worker's name, job type, and current work status (such as "Working," "Moving," "Stationary," etc.). This function allows workers to understand the distribution of personnel in a work area and on the floors above and below before heading there, proactively avoiding areas where vertical overlapping work may occur, thus guiding safety behavior from passive warning to proactive avoidance.

[0071] In addition, when the backend server issues a warning about vertical cross-operation or missing personnel, the app will display a warning notification card and vibrate to alert the user, regardless of whether it is running in the foreground. The warning card clearly displays the warning type, the names or numbers of the workers involved, the warning level, and a brief reason. After reading the warning information, the workers must click the "Confirm" button to complete the loop. The confirmation information will be sent back to the backend server and recorded in the safety management log. If confirmation is not clicked within the specified time, the system can automatically forward the warning to the next higher level of safety management personnel. This mechanism ensures that every critical warning message reaches frontline workers and is effectively received.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, after determining that there is a risk of personnel loss and generating corresponding early warning information, the method further includes: sending the early warning information to multiple mobile terminals to drive the mobile terminals to activate the team search and rescue mode. When the mobile terminals are in the team search and rescue mode, the real-time location of the personnel in the same search and rescue team and the missing personnel are distinguished, identified and shared through the real-time location distribution map of the personnel.

[0073] In other words, the mobile terminal also has a team search and rescue function module. When a missing person alert is received, the team members can activate the team search and rescue mode through the mobile terminal. In this mode, the real-time location of each person participating in the search and rescue is marked with a different color on the APP map and shared, forming a collaborative search and rescue network.

[0074] For example, when it is identified that worker D is at risk of being lost within the electronic fence area of ​​the furnace, the smart safety helmet terminals of other workers in the area (such as coworkers E and F in the same shift) are controlled to send audible and visual alarms and voice broadcasts, with the message: "Worker D has lost activity signal inside the furnace. Last location: X=12.5, Y=8.3, Z=6.2. Please check immediately!" A warning message is also pushed to the monitoring backend of the safety management personnel, clearly including D's identity information, entry time, last known 3D coordinates, and the reason for the warning (prolonged inactivity). Simultaneously, the same warning message is pushed to the mobile terminal APP of D's coworkers. The APP automatically marks D's last known location on the map with a highlighted icon and provides navigation guidance from the current location to that location.

[0075] Therefore, the mobile terminal provides three functions: viewing coworkers' locations, receiving and confirming early warnings, and forming a search and rescue team. The specific implementation method is as follows.

[0076] The worker location tracking feature works as follows: After opening the app, workers can choose to view a floor plan or 3D model of their current factory area on the homepage. Based on the real-time 3D coordinates of all online workers in the same area sent by the backend server, the system displays the real-time location of each worker on the view using circular icons of different colors. Different colors are used to distinguish different job types; for example, welders have blue icons, crane operators have orange icons, and electrical maintenance workers have yellow icons. Clicking on any worker's icon will pop up an information card displaying the worker's name, job type, and current work status (e.g., "Working," "Moving," "Stationary"). This feature allows workers to understand the distribution of personnel in and above / below a work area before heading there, proactively avoiding areas where vertical overlap might occur, thus guiding safety behavior from "passive warning" to "proactive avoidance."

[0077] The warning reception and confirmation function is implemented as follows: When the backend server issues a warning for vertical cross-operation or a personnel loss warning, the APP frontend will pop up a warning notification card and be accompanied by phone vibration, regardless of whether it is running in the foreground. The warning card clearly displays the warning type, the names or numbers of the workers involved, the warning level, and a brief reason. After reading the warning information, the workers must click the "Confirm" button to complete the loop. The confirmation information will be sent back to the backend server and recorded in the safety management log. If confirmation is not clicked within the specified time, the system can automatically forward the warning to the next higher level of safety management personnel. Through this mechanism, it is ensured that every critical warning message is transmitted to front-line workers and effectively received.

[0078] The team search and rescue function works as follows: When a worker receives a warning of a missing person in a confined space, the app provides a "Join Search and Rescue" button on the warning details page. Clicking this button automatically assembles online workers (usually those trained in emergency rescue) from the same confined space area or work group into a temporary search and rescue team. Once in team search and rescue mode, the location of each search member is displayed in real-time on the app's map as a highlighted trajectory line, with different colors indicating their movement paths. The last known location of the missing person is also highlighted on the map, and a suggested route from each search member's current location to the last known location of the missing person is provided based on a path planning algorithm. During the search and rescue process, team members can initiate voice communication via the app to maintain real-time communication. After the search and rescue mission is completed, any member can fill out a search and rescue result report in the app, including information such as the found person's condition and whether medical assistance is needed. The report is automatically uploaded to the backend for archiving and serves as original evidence for safety incident analysis.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, when a risk of dangerous cross-operation and / or loss of personnel is determined, a corresponding early warning information is generated and an early warning instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning instruction. The method further includes: when the risk is identified as being eliminated, a corresponding early warning cancellation information is generated and an early warning cancellation instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal to drive the corresponding alarm module to shut down based on the early warning cancellation instruction.

[0080] In other words, when the risk is cleared, a corresponding warning clearance message is generated and sent to the mobile terminal of the corresponding operator, and pushed to the monitoring backend of the safety management personnel. A warning clearance command is also generated to drive the corresponding alarm module to shut down, reminding the user that the risk has been cleared.

[0081] In some embodiments of this application, the safety early warning system further includes an environmental monitoring sensor group deployed at the exit and entrance of the enclosed space of the target plant. The solution also includes: receiving environmental parameters collected by the environmental monitoring sensor group; performing a safety situation assessment based on the environmental parameters and the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target plant, and generating a corresponding safety situation assessment report.

[0082] Specifically, continuing to focus on the boiler room and turbine room of a power plant, the safety early warning system also includes an environmental monitoring sensor array deployed at the entrances and exits of the enclosed spaces in the boiler room and turbine room. This array monitors environmental parameters such as temperature, oxygen concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, and combustible gas concentration. When these parameters exceed safety thresholds, the backend server correlates the abnormal environmental information with the location information of personnel within the enclosed space, generating a comprehensive safety situation assessment report. This involves linking the data from the environmental monitoring sensor array deployed at the entrances and exits of the enclosed space with the early warning information. For example, if the environmental sensor outside the manhole detects an abnormally high concentration of carbon monoxide inside the furnace, this information will be pushed to relevant personnel and the backend system, prompting rescue personnel to wear respiratory protective equipment.

[0083] As a specific embodiment of this application, the security early warning system is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring terminal is a smart safety helmet terminal, and the safety warning method applied to this safety warning system includes the following steps: S401: System initialization, establish the three-dimensional spatial coordinate system of the boiler room and the steam turbine room in the background server, configure the position coordinates of each UWB positioning base station, define the safety threshold parameters for vertical cross operations (horizontal safety threshold R_safe, vertical safety distance threshold Z_safe) and the electronic fence boundaries of each enclosed space. S402: When workers enter the factory area wearing smart safety helmet terminals, the smart safety helmet terminals establish communication with the deployed positioning base station network through the UWB positioning tag module, and the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit of the back-end server calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of each smart safety helmet terminal in real time. S403: The vertical cross-operation identification unit periodically executes the vertical cross-operation identification logic. When a dangerous vertical cross-operation is identified, it sends an audible and visual warning command to the smart safety helmet terminal involved through the warning generation and distribution unit, and pushes the warning information to the mobile terminal APP. S404: The confined space personnel loss identification unit continuously monitors the status of personnel within the electronic fence of each confined space. When the personnel loss judgment conditions are met, it generates a personnel loss warning and sends the warning to other workers in the same confined space as well as the designated safety management personnel. S405: Workers can view the real-time location distribution map of their colleagues in the same area at any time through a mobile terminal APP. When a missing person alert is received, the team search and rescue mode can be activated through the APP, and a directional search and rescue can be carried out based on the last known location of the person and navigation guidance provided by the APP. S406: The system records all work trajectories, early warning events, and handling results, forming a safety management log for post-event analysis and continuous improvement of safety management.

[0084] Therefore, the security warning method of this embodiment has the following advantages over related technologies: (1) Construct an intelligent identification and early warning mechanism for vertical cross-operations. By calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each smart safety helmet in real time, the system can automatically identify whether there is horizontal projection overlap or vertical distance exceeding the threshold between any two workers. This enables proactive detection and immediate early warning of risks associated with three-dimensional cross-operations in boiler and turbine buildings, effectively preventing injuries from falling objects and collisions between workers above and below.

[0085] (2) Enables location interconnection among workers. A mobile app enables the downlink transmission of safety helmet location information to workers' handheld devices, allowing each worker to monitor the real-time location distribution of their colleagues. This function is suitable for complex working environments with obstructed visibility, such as boiler rooms in thermal power plants, enabling workers to perceive the locations of their colleagues and effectively improving the safety and efficiency of collaborative work.

[0086] (3) Early warning strategy for missing persons in confined spaces. This embodiment combines electronic fence technology, UWB positioning signal monitoring, and inertial measurement unit motion state monitoring to construct a multi-dimensional logic for determining missing persons. It can distinguish between different risk types such as signal interruption and personnel stationary, and realize mutual early warning among personnel in the same confined space. This mechanism upgrades confined space operations from single-person, single-line supervision to group collaborative mutual protection, significantly shortening the discovery and response time of sudden safety incidents and gaining valuable window period for rescue.

[0087] (4) Provide intelligent support for team search and rescue. This embodiment integrates team search and rescue function into the mobile terminal APP. After a missing person incident, it can quickly organize colleagues in the same group into a collaborative search and rescue force, and realize directional search and rescue through location sharing and navigation guidance, thereby improving the professional level of emergency rescue in confined spaces.

[0088] (5) Adaptable to the complex electromagnetic environment of thermal power plants. This embodiment adopts UWB ultra-wideband positioning technology, which has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability and signal penetration capability. The positioning accuracy can reach sub-meter level, which is suitable for the complex electromagnetic environment brought about by a large number of metal and electrical equipment in the boiler and turbine workshop of thermal power plants. It solves the problem of GPS / BeiDou positioning failure in indoor and semi-enclosed spaces in related technologies.

[0089] In summary, the safety early warning method of this application acquires the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal within the target plant. Based on these coordinates, it identifies risks of hazardous cross-operations and personnel loss. Upon confirmation of such risks, it generates corresponding early warning information and sends early warning commands to the monitoring terminals of the corresponding personnel, thereby activating the corresponding alarm modules. Therefore, this method can automatically identify risks of hazardous cross-operations and personnel loss within a plant using the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminals, enabling accurate risk warnings in multi-level cross-operation scenarios such as thermal power plants and boiler / turbine plants, thus improving operational safety in confined spaces.

[0090] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also proposes a safety early warning system. This safety early warning system is applied to the target factory building.

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, the safety early warning system 100 of this application embodiment may include: a monitoring terminal 110, which is installed on the corresponding operator and includes a positioning module and an alarm module; and a back-end server 120, which is communicatively connected to the monitoring terminal 110 and is used to obtain the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal 110 in the target factory, identify the risk of dangerous cross-operations and the risk of personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal 110, and generate corresponding early warning information when it is determined that there is a risk of dangerous cross-operations and / or the risk of personnel loss, and send an early warning command to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command.

[0092] In some embodiments of this application, the positioning module is a UWB positioning tag module. The safety warning system further includes: a positioning base station network, which includes multiple UWB positioning base stations installed in the target factory building. The UWB positioning base stations communicate with the UWB positioning tag module. The positioning base station network is used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building. A back-end server is communicatively connected to the positioning base station network and is used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the monitoring terminal through the positioning base station network. Based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and the position coordinates of the UWB positioning base station in the spatial coordinate system of the target factory building, the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal in the spatial coordinate system are determined. A mobile terminal is installed on the corresponding operator and is used to receive the warning information sent by the back-end server.

[0093] As a specific embodiment of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the safety warning system includes a smart safety helmet terminal, a positioning base station network, a back-end server, and a mobile terminal.

[0094] The smart safety helmet terminal is worn on the head of each worker and includes the safety helmet body, as well as a UWB positioning tag module, an inertial measurement unit, an environmental sensing module, an audible and visual alarm module, a first wireless communication module, and a main control module integrated on the safety helmet body.

[0095] The positioning base station network includes multiple UWB positioning base stations, which are deployed on various working floors, passages, and entrances / exits of the boiler room and turbine room of the thermal power plant. The multiple UWB positioning base stations communicate with the UWB positioning tag module of the smart safety helmet terminal through ultra-wideband wireless signals to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the smart safety helmet terminal.

[0096] The backend server is connected to the positioning base station network and each smart safety helmet terminal via a communication network, and includes: a three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit, used to calculate the real-time three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each smart safety helmet terminal in the factory space coordinate system based on the positioning signals received by each UWB positioning base station using the TDOA / TOF algorithm; a vertical cross-operation identification unit, used to identify whether there is a vertical projection overlap relationship between any two smart safety helmet terminals based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each smart safety helmet terminal, and to determine whether dangerous cross-operation conditions are constituted by combining the vertical distance and horizontal projection offset between the two; a confined space personnel loss identification unit, used to determine whether there is a risk of personnel loss by combining the boundary of the confined space area defined by the electronic fence, personnel entry and exit records, and the continuous status of the location signal; and an early warning generation and distribution unit, used to generate early warning information of corresponding level based on the identification results and send early warning instructions to the target smart safety helmet terminal.

[0097] The mobile terminal is an APP installed on the smartphones of the workers, which connects to the backend server via a wireless network. It is used to: receive and visualize the real-time location distribution map of each worker in the same work area; receive early warning information of missing persons in confined spaces; and initiate a one-click team search and rescue request in emergency situations.

[0098] It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the security warning system of the embodiments of this application, please refer to the details disclosed in the security warning method of the above embodiments of this application, which will not be repeated here.

[0099] According to the safety early warning system of this application embodiment, a monitoring terminal is installed on the corresponding operator. The monitoring terminal includes a positioning module and an alarm module. A backend server is communicatively connected to the monitoring terminal to acquire the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target plant. Based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, the system identifies the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss. When a risk of dangerous cross-operations and / or personnel loss is determined to exist, the system generates corresponding early warning information and sends an early warning command to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator, thereby driving the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command. Thus, the system can automatically identify the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss in the plant through the monitoring terminal installed on the operator, thereby achieving accurate risk early warning in three-dimensional cross-operation scenarios such as thermal power plants and boiler turbine plants, and improving the safety of operations in confined spaces.

[0100] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0101] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0102] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0103] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0104] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A safety early warning method, characterized in that, A safety early warning system applied to a target factory building, the safety early warning system including a monitoring terminal, the monitoring terminal being installed on corresponding operators, the monitoring terminal including a positioning module and an alarm module, the method including: Obtain the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal within the target factory building; The monitoring terminal identifies the risks of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss based on real-time three-dimensional coordinates. When a risk of dangerous cross-operation and / or personnel loss is identified, a corresponding early warning message is generated, and an early warning command is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning module is a UWB positioning tag module. The security early warning system also includes a positioning base station network, which comprises multiple UWB positioning base stations installed within the target factory building. This network acquires the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal within the target factory building, including: Determine the position coordinates of the multiple UWB positioning base stations in the spatial coordinate system of the target factory building; The three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the monitoring terminal are obtained through the positioning base station network; Based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and the location coordinates of the UWB positioning base station, the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal in the spatial coordinate system are determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, the risk of hazardous cross-operations is identified, including: Calculate the distance between the horizontal projected coordinates of any two monitoring terminals based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates; When the distance between the horizontal projected coordinates of two monitoring terminals is less than a preset horizontal safety threshold, the vertical distance between the two monitoring terminals is obtained. When the vertical distance between the two monitoring terminals is greater than a preset vertical safety threshold, and the workers corresponding to the two monitoring terminals are both active, a risk of dangerous cross-operation is identified.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring terminal includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU) for collecting motion state data of workers and identifying the risk of personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal, including: Determine the electronic fence area of ​​the enclosed space within the target factory building; The monitoring terminal identifies the enclosed space entry event, the corresponding entry time, and the expected operation time based on the real-time three-dimensional space of the monitoring terminal, and identifies the actual operation time based on the entry time. The system acquires the real-time positioning signal of the monitoring terminal located in the enclosed space and the corresponding motion status data of the operator, identifies the duration of the positioning signal interruption based on the real-time positioning signal, and identifies the operator's motion acceleration and angular velocity based on the motion status data. When the duration of the interruption of the positioning signal exceeds a first duration threshold, or when both the motion acceleration and the motion angular velocity are lower than a preset static threshold and the duration exceeds a second duration threshold, or when the actual operation time exceeds the expected operation time and no event of the monitoring terminal leaving the confined space is detected, it is determined that there is a risk of personnel loss.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety early warning system also includes a mobile terminal, which is installed on the corresponding operator to receive the early warning information. After acquiring the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal within the target factory building, it further includes: Based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal, a real-time location distribution map of the workers in the target factory is generated, and the real-time location distribution map of the workers is sent to the mobile terminal for display.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After determining that there is a risk of personnel loss and generating the corresponding early warning information, it also includes: The warning information is sent to multiple mobile terminals to drive the mobile terminals to activate the team search and rescue mode. When the mobile terminals are in the team search and rescue mode, the real-time location of the operators in the same search and rescue team and the missing persons are distinguished, identified and shared in real time through the real-time location distribution map of the operators.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Upon determining the existence of a risk of dangerous cross-operation and / or personnel loss, a corresponding early warning message is generated, and an early warning command is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator. After the corresponding alarm module is activated based on the early warning command, the system further includes: When the risk is identified as resolved, a corresponding warning resolution information is generated, and a warning resolution command is sent to the monitoring terminal to drive the corresponding alarm module to shut down based on the warning resolution command.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety early warning system also includes an environmental monitoring sensor array deployed at the exit and entrance of the enclosed space of the target plant, and the method further includes: Receive environmental parameters collected by the environmental monitoring sensor group; A safety situation assessment is performed based on the environmental parameters and the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target plant, and a corresponding safety situation assessment report is generated.

9. A safety early warning system, characterized in that, The system, applied to the target factory, includes: A monitoring terminal, which is installed on the corresponding operator, includes a positioning module and an alarm module; A backend server, which is communicatively connected to the monitoring terminal, is used to acquire the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building, and to identify the risk of dangerous cross-operations and personnel loss based on the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal. When the risk of dangerous cross-operations and / or personnel loss is determined to exist, corresponding early warning information is generated and an early warning command is sent to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding operator to drive the corresponding alarm module to start based on the early warning command.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The positioning module is a UWB positioning tag module, and the security early warning system also includes: The positioning base station network includes multiple UWB positioning base stations installed in the target factory building. The UWB positioning base stations communicate with the UWB positioning tag module. The positioning base station network is used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each monitoring terminal in the target factory building. The backend server is communicatively connected to the positioning base station network and is used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the monitoring terminal through the positioning base station network. Based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and the position coordinates of the UWB positioning base station in the spatial coordinate system of the target factory, the real-time three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring terminal in the spatial coordinate system are determined. A mobile terminal, which is equipped on the corresponding operator, is used to receive early warning information sent by the backend server.

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