Aircraft maintenance standard line construction training equipment and report generation method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of aircraft maintenance standard line construction practical training equipment and data processing and report generation method, equipment includes support carrier, line construction practical training unit, electrical detection and fault simulation unit and teaching instruction unit.Line construction practical training unit forms detachable aviation line on practical training operation board, for wire laying, connection, bundling, shielding ground and wire repair practical training;Electrical detection and fault simulation unit are used for power supply, loading, electrical parameter detection and line fault setting.The method synchronously collects practical training image, electrical data and equipment state data, identifies actual operation procedure, evaluates construction quality and abnormal reason, and generates teaching practical operation report with original data traceability relationship.The application can realize the integration of line construction, detection, troubleshooting and teaching evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aircraft maintenance training, specifically to a training device for standard aircraft maintenance circuit construction and a report generation method. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft maintenance standard wiring construction training is an important part of aircraft maintenance personnel skills training, typically involving operations such as wire laying, wiring connection, wire harness bundling, shielding and grounding, and wire repair. Existing training equipment often uses independent terminal blocks or individual training fixtures, with various wiring construction components scattered throughout. There is a lack of a unified support platform that can simulate the wiring layout environment of an aircraft fuselage, making it difficult to form complete, detachable aviation wiring systems on the same equipment. This results in fragmented wiring construction projects, making it impossible to conduct continuous, comprehensive training from wire installation to wiring completion.

[0003] Meanwhile, in existing training equipment, circuit construction, power-on testing, load operation, and fault diagnosis are usually conducted separately. The circuit construction equipment lacks effective coordination with electrical testing, load simulation, and fault setting functions. After completing circuit construction, trainees find it difficult to directly power on, test parameters, and troubleshoot the resulting circuit, failing to fully reflect the impact of circuit construction quality on the circuit's operational status. Furthermore, construction standards and electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirements typically rely on verbal explanations from instructors or external materials, failing to correspond to specific training locations and hindering the formation of a standardized and unified training process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a standard aircraft maintenance line construction training device that integrates line construction, electrical testing, fault simulation, and teaching instruction functions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: a training device for the construction of standard aircraft maintenance lines, comprising:

[0006] The support carrier includes a platform and a training operation board mounted on the platform;

[0007] The line construction training unit, set on the training operation board, is used to form a detachable aviation line;

[0008] The electrical testing and fault simulation unit is electrically connected to the line construction training unit and is used to supply power and load the aviation line, acquire the electrical parameters of the aviation line, and set line faults.

[0009] Furthermore, in this invention, the training operation board is a metal plate used to simulate the skin structure of an aircraft, and the training operation board is provided with a basic wiring area, a wire harness bundling area and a shielding area;

[0010] The basic wiring area is used for training in line connection and line control; the wire harness bundling area is used for training in wire laying and wire bundling; and the shielding grounding area is used for training in shielding grounding and grounding resistance measurement.

[0011] Furthermore, in this invention, the line construction training unit includes a first connector, a second connector, a third connector, aviation standard conductors, wire clamps, conductor binding ropes, connector blocks, trip switches, and toggle switches;

[0012] The first connector, the second connector, the third connector, and the wiring block are spaced apart on the training operation board;

[0013] The aviation standard wire is connected between the first connector, the second connector, the third connector, the terminal block, the trip switch, and the toggle switch to form the aviation circuit;

[0014] Multiple clamps are spaced apart along the laying path of the aviation standard conductor, and the conductor binding rope is used to bind at least two of the aviation standard conductors.

[0015] Furthermore, in this invention, the line construction training unit also includes a grounding stake, an electrostatic discharge brush, a first silicone anti-wear tape, a second silicone anti-wear tape, and a grounding block;

[0016] The grounding stake, electrostatic discharge brush, and grounding block are disposed in the shielded grounding area. The electrostatic discharge brush forms a grounding detection circuit with the training operation board through at least one of the grounding stake and grounding block.

[0017] The first silicone anti-abrasion tape and the second silicone anti-abrasion tape are respectively positioned at the contact points between the aviation standard conductor and the wire clamp or training operation board.

[0018] Furthermore, in this invention, the electrical detection and fault simulation unit includes a control instrument box and a load instrument box;

[0019] The control instrument box is electrically connected to the aviation circuit and is equipped with an external power supply interface and an electrical detection interface;

[0020] The load instrument box is electrically connected to the aviation line and is used to simulate the line load and display the load working status.

[0021] The aviation line is equipped with controllable fault points, which are used to set at least one line fault among open wire, short circuit, loose connection, shielding layer damage and poor grounding;

[0022] The trip switch and toggle switch are used to change the on / off state or load operating state of the aviation line.

[0023] Furthermore, in this invention, the training operation board is also equipped with a construction standard interpretation QR code and an electrostatic sensitive label;

[0024] The construction standard interpretation QR code is used to associate the standard operation information of the line construction, and the electrostatic sensitive mark is set in the electrostatic sensitive operation area of ​​the training operation board;

[0025] The platform is a detachable frame structure, and the training operation board is detachably installed on the platform. The bottom of the platform is equipped with rollers with locking function.

[0026] A method for processing and generating reports from training on standard aircraft maintenance wiring.

[0027] Retrieve the corresponding standard process template based on the training project to be implemented. The standard process template includes standard processes and corresponding quality judgment conditions.

[0028] Image data, electrical data, and equipment status data are collected during the training process based on a unified time reference, and time correlation is performed on the image data, electrical data, and equipment status data.

[0029] Image operation features, electrical change features, and equipment status features are extracted from the image data, electrical data, and equipment status data, respectively. The image operation features, electrical change features, and equipment status features are then fused to determine the actual operation procedures.

[0030] The actual operation procedures and their execution sequence are verified based on the standard process template to identify process anomalies;

[0031] The quality evaluation results are determined based on the electrical parameters, construction appearance, operation time and execution sequence corresponding to the actual operation procedures, and the causes of abnormalities are determined by combining the preset fault states and fault characteristic information.

[0032] A teaching practice report is generated based on the actual operation procedures, quality evaluation results, causes of abnormalities, and corresponding raw data, and a traceability relationship is established between the evaluation conclusions in the teaching practice report and the raw data.

[0033] Furthermore, in this invention, each standard process in the standard process template is associated with a preceding process, a permissible subsequent process, an operation object, a permissible tool, a standard measurement location, a standard operation time range, a standard electrical parameter range, standard image features, process importance, and the required type of evidence.

[0034] Establish a standard process diagram based on the execution relationships between each standard process;

[0035] Before the start of the practical training, self-tests were performed on the image data acquisition channel, electrical data acquisition channel, and equipment status data acquisition channel, and baseline data was collected under no-operation conditions.

[0036] The electrical data collected during the training process is corrected based on the benchmark data, and the data obtained from different acquisition channels are aligned to the corresponding time period based on the unified time benchmark.

[0037] Furthermore, in this invention, the reliability of image data is determined based on the completeness of the image data, the confidence level of recognition, and the degree of occlusion.

[0038] The reliability of electrical data is determined based on the completeness of electrical data sampling, the degree of signal fluctuation, the range status, and the time synchronization error.

[0039] The reliability of device status data is determined based on the communication status, status update time, and completeness of event records.

[0040] The fusion weights of the corresponding data features are determined based on the reliability of the image data, the reliability of the electrical data, and the reliability of the equipment status data.

[0041] Candidate operation steps are determined based on the feature fusion results, and the candidate operation steps are constrained and verified using the preceding steps, allowed subsequent steps, operation objects, allowed tools, and safe operation conditions in the standard operation diagram to determine the actual operation steps.

[0042] Align the actual operation sequence with the standard operation sequence to identify omissions, misordering, duplicate execution, and incorrect substitutions;

[0043] When the confidence level of the identification of the actual operation procedure is lower than the preset threshold, the corresponding time period is marked as requiring manual review.

[0044] Furthermore, in this invention, the actual electrical parameters, actual operating time, and construction appearance are compared with the corresponding standard electrical parameter range, standard operating time range, and standard image features to determine the degree of abnormality of electrical parameters, operating time, and construction appearance.

[0045] The degree of abnormality in the operation sequence is determined based on at least one of omissions, out-of-order execution, duplicate execution, incorrect substitution, and violation of safe operating conditions.

[0046] The degree of quality abnormality of each actual operation procedure is determined based on the degree of abnormality of the electrical parameters, the degree of abnormality of the operation time, the degree of abnormality of the construction appearance, and the degree of abnormality of the operation sequence. Each actual operation procedure is then judged as qualified, requires review, or is unqualified.

[0047] The electrical change characteristics, image operation characteristics, and equipment status characteristics are matched with fault characteristic information, and preset equipment faults, line construction quality defects, and measurement operation errors are distinguished according to the preset fault status.

[0048] The sub-evaluation results and comprehensive training evaluation results are determined based on the degree of quality abnormality and the importance of each actual operation procedure.

[0049] The teaching practice report includes information comparing standard procedures with actual operation procedures, an actual operation timeline, electrical parameter change information, abnormal procedure information, construction anomaly images, causes of anomalies, sub-item evaluation results, comprehensive training evaluation results, and retraining suggestions. Each anomaly conclusion is associated with the corresponding operation time, original image data, electrical data, and equipment status data.

[0050] Beneficial effects: The technical solution of this application has the following technical effects:

[0051] This invention utilizes a support carrier to set up a training operation board for simulating the construction environment of aircraft fuselage wiring. The wiring construction training unit is then placed on this board, enabling trainees to perform operations such as wire laying, wire connection, wire bundling, shielding and grounding, and wire repair on the same equipment. The wiring construction training unit can form a detachable aviation wiring system, improving the continuity between different wiring construction projects and facilitating the disassembly, adjustment, and reuse of wiring components and training consumables, thereby enhancing the comprehensiveness and realism of aircraft wiring construction training.

[0052] This invention connects an electrical testing and fault simulation unit to a line construction training unit, enabling the supply and loading of power to the aviation lines constructed by trainees, obtaining relevant electrical parameters, and setting simulated faults in the lines. This allows line construction, performance testing, and fault diagnosis to be completed continuously on the same training equipment. This provides a direct reflection of the relationship between line construction quality and line electrical performance, improving trainees' understanding and practical skills in line testing and fault diagnosis.

[0053] This invention also includes a teaching instruction unit on the training operation board, which configures the circuit construction standard information and electrostatic protection prompts in the corresponding training positions. This allows trainees to obtain construction specifications and safety prompts in a timely manner during operation, reducing operational errors caused by unclear construction standards or non-standard electrostatic protection. This helps to improve the standardization of the training process, teaching efficiency, and consistency of assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the steps of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.

[0059] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the diagram are as follows: 1. First connector; 2. Second connector; 3. Third connector; 4. Grounding stake; 5. Static discharge brush; 6. Control instrument box; 7. Aviation standard wire; 8. First silicone anti-abrasion tape; 9. Second silicone anti-abrasion tape; 10. Wire clamp; 11. Wire binding rope; 12. Grounding block; 13. Terminal block; 14. Trip switch; 15. Toggle switch; 16. Load instrument box; 17. Construction standard interpretation QR code; 18. Static electricity sensitive label. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to clearly illustrate the structure, purpose, advantages, positional relationships, and connection methods of each component. It should be noted that the directional indications (such as "front," "back," "up," and "down") involved in this embodiment are based on the posture shown in the drawings and are only used to describe the relative positional relationships and movement of the components. If the posture changes, the directional indications will be adjusted accordingly. The term "connection" includes mechanical connections and electrical connections, and can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning is understood by those skilled in the art based on the context.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figure 1-2As shown, this embodiment provides a training device for standard aircraft maintenance wiring construction, including a support carrier, a wiring construction training unit, an electrical testing and fault simulation unit, and a teaching instruction unit. The support carrier supports the various training components and simulates the aircraft fuselage wiring construction environment; the wiring construction training unit forms an aircraft wiring system capable of repeated disassembly, reassembly, wiring, and testing; the electrical testing and fault simulation unit performs power supply, loading, electrical parameter testing, and fault setting on the aircraft wiring; and the teaching instruction unit provides training personnel with construction standards and electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection tips. All these components are housed on the same device, enabling trainees to continuously complete wire processing, wiring connections, wire harness laying, power-on checks, electrical measurements, and fault diagnosis.

[0063] The supporting structure includes a frame and a training operation board mounted on the frame. The frame can be made of aluminum alloy profiles, thin-walled steel pipes, or other frame materials with sufficient mechanical strength. The frame components are connected by bolts, connecting corner pieces, or detachable plug-in connectors. The bottom of the frame is equipped with locking rollers, allowing the equipment to move within the training area. Once the equipment is moved to the designated position, the locking rollers restrict the frame's movement, preventing displacement of the equipment when trainees perform wire crimping, connector insertion / removal, or test probe operations.

[0064] The training control panel is detachably mounted on the test bench, preferably made of an aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of approximately 1.5 mm to simulate the aluminum alloy skin structure of aircraft. Other metal plates with conductivity and sufficient structural strength can also be used, with the thickness determined based on the installation load of the connectors, terminal blocks, and clamps. The training control panel can be connected to the test bench using bolts, clips, or quick-release connectors, allowing for panel replacement according to different teaching projects. The metal training control panel provides a mounting base for circuit components and serves as a metal reference structure for grounding resistance measurements, thereby improving the consistency between the training environment and the actual aircraft circuit construction environment.

[0065] The operation panel of the training control panel is divided into a basic wiring area, a wire harness bundling area, and a shielded grounding area. The basic wiring area is used for connector installation, connector patch installation, connector block installation, and circuit continuity control; the wire harness bundling area is used for wire laying, anti-wear treatment, wire clamp installation, and wire bundling; the shielded grounding area is used for shielded grounding wire fabrication, grounding stake installation, electrostatic discharge brush installation, and grounding resistance measurement. These functional areas can be arranged sequentially on the same training control panel or repeated along the length of the panel to allow multiple trainees to conduct training simultaneously.

[0066] The line construction training unit includes the first connector 1, the second connector 2, the third connector 3, the aviation standard wire 7, the first silicone anti-abrasion tape 8, the second silicone anti-abrasion tape 9, the wire clamp 10, the wire binding rope 11, the grounding block 12, the terminal block 13, the trip switch 14, and the toggle switch 15.

[0067] Connector 1, connector 2, and connector 3 are installed alternately in the basic wiring area of ​​the training operation board. Connector 1, connector 2, and connector 3 can be MIL26500 series aviation connectors, or other aviation connectors with pin crimping, pin removal, and mating functions. The three connectors can use different numbers of pins or pin specifications to allow trainees to perform different operations such as wire stripping, pin crimping, pin installation, pin removal, connector mating, and connector continuity testing.

[0068] The first connector 1, the second connector 2, and the third connector 3 can be located on the same side of the training operation board, or they can be located at different positions on the training operation board, so that the aviation standard conductor 7 forms a laying path with straight sections, turning sections, and branch sections on the training operation board. Each connector is fixed to the training operation board by bolts or detachable mounting brackets. The plug end of the connector faces the side that the trainee can access, and the wire end of the connector is located in a position that facilitates pin installation and line inspection.

[0069] The wiring block 13 is located in the basic wiring area, either between the first connector 1, the second connector 2, and the third connector 3, or in the center of the training operation panel. The wiring block 13 includes multiple insulated terminals, with aviation standard wires 7 connected to the corresponding terminals via connecting pieces and fasteners. The wiring block 13 allows for the formation of circuit branches, intermediate connection points, and segmented testing points, enabling trainees to perform tasks such as connecting piece crimping, wiring sequence checking, tightening torque checking, contact resistance testing, and segmented fault location.

[0070] The aviation standard wire 7 is connected to the first connector 1, the second connector 2, the third connector 3, the terminal block 13, the trip switch 14, the toggle switch 15, the control instrument box 6, and the load instrument box 16, respectively, to form one or more energized aviation circuits. The aviation standard wire 7 is connected to the first connector 1, the second connector 2, and the third connector 3 using pins, to the terminal block 13 using connecting pieces and fasteners, and to the trip switch 14 and the toggle switch 15 using terminals. The aviation standard wire 7 can be made of aviation wire of different diameters, colors, or wire numbers, allowing trainees to identify, process, and connect according to circuit diagrams.

[0071] Multiple wire clamps 10 are installed at intervals on the training operation board along the predetermined laying path of the aviation standard conductor 7. The wire clamps 10 can be aviation harness clamps or openable harness fixing clamps. One end of each clamp 10 is fixed to the training operation board, while the other end forms a clamping space to accommodate the aviation standard conductor 7. After passing through the multiple wire clamps 10, the aviation standard conductor 7 is radially constrained to simulate the state of the wiring harness inside the aircraft fuselage fixed according to a specified path and spacing. The spacing, direction, and installation position of adjacent wire clamps 10 can be preset according to the training project, enabling trainees to master the requirements for straight laying, curved laying, crossing laying, and branching laying of wiring harnesses.

[0072] The first silicone anti-abrasion tape 8 and the second silicone anti-abrasion tape 9 are respectively applied to the locations where the aviation standard conductor 7 is prone to friction with the wire clamp 10 or the training operation panel. The first silicone anti-abrasion tape 8 can cover the upper fixed section of the aviation standard conductor 7, and the second silicone anti-abrasion tape 9 can cover the lower fixed section of the aviation standard conductor 7. After the first silicone anti-abrasion tape 8 and the second silicone anti-abrasion tape 9 are wrapped around the outer periphery of the wire harness, they are clamped by the wire clamp 10, thereby preventing the edge of the wire clamp 10 from directly contacting the conductor insulation layer. By setting two anti-abrasion treatment locations, trainees can be trained to identify the wear risks of different laying directions and different contact positions.

[0073] The conductor bundling rope 11 is used to bundle two or more aviation standard conductors 7 into a wire harness. The conductor bundling rope 11 has multiple bundling points set at preset intervals along the extension direction of the wire harness, and each bundling point is fixed using the knotting method specified in aviation line construction regulations. At the branch positions of the wire harness, the conductor bundling rope 11 constrains both the main wire harness and the branch wire harness. This structure allows trainees to control the spacing of the bundling points, the tightness of the bundling, the direction of the knots, and the shape of the branch wire harness, avoiding the wire harness from unraveling due to excessive looseness or the damage to the conductor insulation layer due to excessive tightness.

[0074] The shielded area is equipped with a grounding stake 4, an electrostatic discharge brush 5, and a grounding block 12. The grounding stake 4 is fixed to the training operation board and forms a conductive connection with the metal structure of the training operation board, or it is connected to the grounding block 12 through a dedicated grounding wire. The grounding block 12 is provided with one or more grounding terminals for connecting the shielding layer lead wire, the grounding wire, and electrical testing tools.

[0075] The electrostatic discharge brush 5 is fixed to the training operation board via its mounting base. The conductive portion of the electrostatic discharge brush 5 forms a grounding path with the training operation board through the grounding stake 4 or grounding block 12. Trainees can connect one probe of a resistance testing tool to the designated testing position of the electrostatic discharge brush 5, and the other probe to the designated grounding reference position on the grounding stake 4, grounding block 12, or the training operation board, thereby measuring the grounding resistance between the electrostatic discharge brush 5 and the grounding reference position. This structure enables the equipment to conduct training on electrostatic discharge brush installation, fastening, grounding continuity checks, and grounding resistance measurement.

[0076] The trip switch 14 and the toggle switch 15 are connected in series or in the corresponding branches of the aircraft circuit, respectively. The trip switch 14 is used to simulate the aircraft circuit protection switch, and can control the connection and disconnection of the corresponding circuit branch, and simulate the disconnection state after the circuit overload protection. The toggle switch 15 is used to simulate the aircraft equipment control switch, and the working state of the corresponding load branch in the load instrument box 16 is controlled by changing the position of the toggle switch 15.

[0077] The operating terminals of the trip switch 14 and the toggle switch 15 are located on the front of the training operation panel, while their wiring terminals are located on the back of the training operation panel or in a protected area. This arrangement facilitates switch operation for trainees and reduces the risk of accidental contact with live wiring terminals. The status of the trip switch 14 and the toggle switch 15 can also be transmitted to the data processing system via auxiliary contacts or status acquisition ports.

[0078] The electrical testing and fault simulation unit includes a control instrument box 6 and a load instrument box 16. The control instrument box 6 is equipped with an external power interface, power supply control components, line protection components, a testing interface, and a working mode switching component. The external power supply supplies power to the aviation lines through the control instrument box 6, and the power supply voltage preferably uses a low-voltage DC power supply that meets the teaching safety requirements.

[0079] The control instrument box 6 has at least a power supply mode and a power failure detection mode. In the power supply mode, an external power source supplies power to the aviation lines and load instrument box 16 through the control instrument box 6 to observe the operating status of the trip switch 14, toggle switch 15, and load instrument box 16, and to measure line voltage and line current. In the power failure detection mode, the control instrument box 6 disconnects the external power source from the aviation lines, allowing trainees to safely measure continuity resistance, grounding resistance, and insulation resistance.

[0080] The control instrument box 6 can be equipped with mechanical changeover switches, relays, or contactors to switch between different operating modes. To prevent trainees from performing resistance measurements while the aviation lines are energized, the control instrument box 6 can also be equipped with an electrical interlock, which automatically disconnects the power supply circuit when the resistance detection interface is connected, and prevents the resistance detection interface from outputting measurement signals to the line when the power supply circuit is connected.

[0081] Line voltage can be obtained through a voltage acquisition interface or a voltage sensing module; line current can be obtained through a shunt resistor, a Hall current sensor, or an ammeter; continuity resistance and grounding resistance can be obtained through a milliohm meter, a digital multimeter, or a dedicated resistance measurement module; insulation resistance can be obtained through an external insulation resistance tester. When connecting an external insulation resistance tester, the aviation line should first be disconnected from the external power supply and low-voltage electronic load to avoid damage to the components in the load instrument box 16 by the insulation test voltage.

[0082] The load instrument box 16 is connected to the output terminal of the aviation circuit and is used to simulate aircraft electrical equipment. The load instrument box 16 can house indicator lights, resistive loads, small relays, or other low-voltage safety loads, and includes voltage displays, current displays, or status indicators. After the toggle switch 15 connects the corresponding branch, external power is supplied to the load instrument box 16 via the control instrument box 6, aviation standard wires 7, and toggle switch 15. Trainees can determine whether the wiring connection is correct based on whether the load is working and the corresponding instrument display values.

[0083] One or more controllable fault points are set in the aviation line. Controllable fault points can be set on the back of the training operation panel, inside the control instrument box 6, or in a dedicated fault setting area, and the line state can be changed by changeover switches, relays, pluggable jumpers, additional resistors, or adjustable contacts.

[0084] A broken wire fault can be caused by disconnecting one connection in aviation standard conductor 7; a short circuit fault can be caused by controlling the connection of two normally insulated lines; a loose connection fault can be caused by connecting an adjustable resistor, an unstable contact connector, or a periodically switching component in series in the line; a damaged shielding layer fault can be caused by disconnecting the continuous connection of the shielding layer or partially disconnecting the shielding layer from grounding; a poor grounding fault can be caused by connecting an additional resistor in series in the grounding path or reducing the tightness of the grounding connection. The fault setting component is operated by the instructor or controlled by the control system according to the training project; students cannot directly observe the location of the fault point.

[0085] The teaching instruction unit includes a QR code 17 for interpreting construction standards and an electrostatic sensitivity label 18. The QR code 17 is located on the practical training panel near the main operating area. After scanning the QR code 17 with a mobile device, trainees can view standard operating procedures such as wire stripping, pin crimping, connector crimping, connector installation, terminal block installation, wire harness laying, wire harness bundling, shielded grounding wire fabrication, grounding resistance measurement, line measurement, and line troubleshooting.

[0086] The electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitive label 18 is placed near the first connector 1, the second connector 2, the third connector 3, the control instrument box 6, or other areas requiring ESD protection measures. The ESD sensitive label 18 serves to remind trainees to wear anti-static wrist straps, check anti-static grounding, and discharge static electricity from their bodies before practical training, thereby reducing the impact of electrostatic discharge on circuit components or electronic loads.

[0087] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The instructor installs the first connector 1, second connector 2, third connector 3, terminal block 13, grounding block 12, and aviation standard wire 7 on the training operation board according to the training project, and sets the line to a normal state or a preset fault state through controllable fault points. Students complete wire processing, pin or terminal crimping, connector installation, terminal block connection, anti-wear treatment, wire clamp fixing, and wire bundling according to construction standards. After completing the line construction, the control instrument box 6 switches to power supply mode, and the external power supply supplies power to the aviation line. Students operate the trip switch 14 and toggle switch 15, and observe the working status of the load instrument box 16. When resistance or insulation testing is required, the control instrument box 6 switches to power-off detection mode, isolating the aviation line from the external power supply and load. Students use the corresponding testing tools to measure continuity resistance, grounding resistance, or insulation resistance. When a preset fault exists in the line, students determine the fault type and fault section based on the load status, line parameters, and segmented measurement results.

[0088] With the above structure, the training equipment can continuously complete line construction, power-on verification, electrical testing, grounding resistance measurement, and line fault diagnosis on the same support carrier, avoiding the separation of the construction carrier, measuring equipment, and fault simulation equipment in traditional training devices. At the same time, the interlock between the power supply mode and the power-off detection mode prevents resistance measurement while the equipment is energized, improving equipment safety and the reliability of measurement results.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] like Figure 3-4 This embodiment provides a method for processing and generating reports of training data on standard aircraft maintenance wiring. The method can be applied to the training equipment described in Embodiment 1, as well as to other aircraft maintenance wiring training equipment with the same wiring construction, parameter detection, and fault setting functions.

[0091] The data processing system for implementing the method of this embodiment includes an image acquisition unit, an electrical data acquisition unit, an equipment status acquisition unit, a data processing terminal, a data storage unit, and a report display or export unit. The image acquisition unit may employ one or more cameras, and the camera range shall at least cover the trainee's hands, construction tools, aviation standard guide wire 7, and the area where the operated component is located.

[0092] The electrical data acquisition unit is connected to the digital communication interface of the control instrument box 6 or the testing instrument to acquire at least one of the following: line voltage, line current, continuity resistance, insulation resistance, grounding resistance of the grounding stake 4, and grounding resistance of the electrostatic discharge brush 5. For digital instruments with USB, RS485, Bluetooth, or network communication interfaces, digital measurement results can be read directly; for instruments without digital output interfaces, the corresponding signals can be obtained through an independent electrical acquisition module, or the instrument display value can be identified through a camera.

[0093] The equipment status acquisition unit is used to acquire the status of trip switch 14, toggle switch 15, load status of load instrument box 16, fault simulation status, power supply mode, power failure detection mode, and detection tool access status. Equipment status can be obtained through switch auxiliary contacts, relay auxiliary contacts, interface identification circuits, or control system event records.

[0094] The data processing terminal can be an industrial computer, an edge computing terminal, or a teaching server. The data storage unit stores training project libraries, standard process templates, model files, fault characteristic libraries, raw image data, raw electrical data, equipment status data, and teaching practice reports. The report display or export unit can be a monitor, a teaching management terminal, or a printing device.

[0095] At the start of each training session, the system assigns a unique training session number. Image data, electrical data, and equipment status data all record at least the training session number, student number, training project number, data source type, channel number, unified timestamp, original data value, data quality status, and evidence number. The training session number prevents data from being mixed up between different students or different training projects.

[0096] S1. Retrieve the standard process template and complete the training initialization.

[0097] The data processing terminal retrieves the corresponding standard procedure template from a pre-established training project library based on the training project to be implemented. The standard procedure template consists of multiple procedure nodes and directed connections representing the sequence of procedures. Each procedure node includes at least the procedure number, procedure name, preceding procedure, allowed subsequent procedure, operating object, allowed tools, standard measurement location, standard operating time range, standard electrical parameter range, standard image features, procedure importance, mandatory safety conditions, and required evidence type.

[0098] Standard procedure templates can be pre-established by teachers with experience in teaching aircraft wiring construction, based on relevant construction specifications. For example, in the electrostatic discharge brush grounding resistance measurement project, the procedures can be set sequentially as follows: safety status confirmation, electrostatic discharge brush visual inspection, testing tool self-inspection, test lead connection, stable measurement, measurement result judgment, and equipment restoration. Testing tool self-inspection is a prerequisite for test lead connection, and correct test lead connection is a prerequisite for stable measurement.

[0099] Before the training begins, the data processing terminal sends the same training session number and start command to the image acquisition unit, electrical data acquisition unit, and equipment status acquisition unit, and records the unified start time. Subsequently, it performs self-checks on the camera area, electrical acquisition channel, trip switch 14 status, toggle switch 15 status, load status, fault simulation status, and testing tool access status.

[0100] For electrical data acquisition channels, known standard quantities are used for calibration. The physical quantities of the c-th electrical acquisition channel after calibration are obtained according to the following formula:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, This represents the physical quantity of the c-th electrical acquisition channel after calibration at time t. This represents the original sampled value of the c-th electrical acquisition channel at time t. This represents the proportional correction factor obtained through standard calibration. This represents the zero-point offset correction value obtained through standard calibration, c represents the electrical acquisition channel number, and t represents the sampling time on the unified time axis.

[0103] The proportional correction factor and zero-point offset correction value can be obtained through two-point calibration. For example, two known standard values ​​are input into the electrical acquisition channel, and a linear relationship is established based on the two original output values ​​corresponding to the acquisition channel. Calibration can reduce the gain error and zero-point drift of the acquisition circuit, allowing the acquisition results to be directly compared with the parameter range in the standard process template.

[0104] After calibration, baseline data is collected when the trainee has not performed any operations and the circuit is in a preset initial state. The standardized electrical characteristics used for model input are obtained according to the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, This represents the standardized electrical characteristic of the c-th electrical acquisition channel at time t. This represents the physical quantity of the c-th electrical acquisition channel after calibration at time t. This represents the average value of the c-th electrical acquisition channel during the period without an operating reference. This represents the standard deviation of the c-th electrical acquisition channel during the period without an operational reference. This represents a preset positive number to prevent the denominator from being zero, c represents the electrical acquisition channel number, and t represents the sampling time.

[0107] When the benchmark data fluctuates very little It may be close to zero, so set it to a positive number. To ensure computational stability, this positive number can be set according to the resolution of the acquisition channel. Standardization is only used for model identification; reports and quality assessments retain calibrated physical quantities with actual units.

[0108] The role of S1 is to establish a unified process standard, a unified time benchmark, and a unified data scale for subsequent processing, so that data obtained by different trainees, different equipment, and different acquisition channels are comparable.

[0109] S2. Synchronously acquire and align image data, electrical data, and equipment status data.

[0110] After the training begins, the image acquisition unit continuously acquires images of the trainee's hands, construction tools, aviation standard conductor 7, and the manipulated components. The image acquisition frequency can be set to 25 to 30 frames per second. The electrical data acquisition unit continuously acquires corresponding electrical parameters, with a sampling frequency that can be set to 10 to 100 times per second. The equipment status acquisition unit records status events when the trip switch 14, toggle switch 15, load status, fault simulation status, or detection tool connection status changes.

[0111] The above sampling frequencies are merely feasible examples. The image sampling frequency only needs to be able to distinguish the trainee's continuous movements, and the electrical sampling frequency only needs to be able to capture changes in line condition, contact jitter, and the measurement stabilization process.

[0112] Because image data, electrical data, and equipment status data have different sampling frequencies, the system uses the image frame time or the center time of the sliding time window as the alignment time. For continuously changing electrical data, if valid sample values ​​exist before and after the alignment time, linear interpolation can be used to obtain the aligned electrical values.

[0113]

[0114] In the formula, This indicates that the c-th electrical acquisition channel is at time c in the image frame. The corresponding aligned electrical values, Indicates the time at which the image frame is located. The previous and nearest electrical sample value, Indicates the time at which the image frame is located. Then and the nearest electrical sample value, Indicates the sampling time of the previous electrical sample value. Indicates the sampling time of the next electrical sample value. This indicates the alignment time of the current image frame or sliding time window, and c represents the electrical acquisition channel number.

[0115] Linear interpolation is suitable for line voltage, current, or resistance data that vary continuously within a sampling interval. When When the preset maximum sampling interval is exceeded, it indicates that there is a long-term interruption in electrical data. In this case, the interpolation results are no longer used, and the electrical data for that time period is marked as low-reliability data or missing data.

[0116] For discrete state data such as trip switch 14, toggle switch 15, load status, and fault simulation status, the system uses the most recent valid state no later than the current alignment time. This processing method ensures that each image time window is associated with the actual valid device status at that time.

[0117] The system establishes extended time windows for each identified action, encompassing before, during, and after the action. For example, after the student touches the electrostatic discharge brush 5 with the probes, the system extracts the resistance state before contact, the resistance change during contact, and the resistance value after stable contact. By comparing the electrical changes before and after the action, the system can determine whether the student's action truly produced the expected physical response.

[0118] The function of S2 is to map multi-source data with different sampling frequencies and data formats onto the same time axis, forming a correspondence of "what operation the trainee performed at what time, what state the equipment was in at that time, and what electrical changes were caused by the operation".

[0119] S3. Extract multi-source features and perform adaptive fusion based on data reliability.

[0120] Image data is input into the image recognition model to identify the type of construction tools, hand key points, the object being manipulated, the position of the aviation standard guide line 7, the position of the measuring probe, and the type of action. The image recognition model can include a target detection model, a hand key point recognition model, and a temporal action recognition model. The target detection model is used to identify tools and parts, the hand key point recognition model is used to determine the hand posture and the relationship between the hand and the tool, and the temporal action recognition model is used to determine the operation being performed based on continuous images.

[0121] The image recognition model is trained using pre-labeled training samples. These training samples include at least standard operation samples, incorrect tool samples, incorrect object samples, incorrect pen / table position samples, hand occlusion samples, samples under different lighting conditions, out-of-order samples, missing item samples, and rework samples. After training, the model performance is evaluated using independent validation and test sets, and the model version is recorded.

[0122] Extract average, maximum, minimum, slope of change, step amplitude, fluctuation degree, settling time, number of short interruptions, and parameter changes before and after the action from electrical data. Extract trip switch actions, toggle switch actions, load switching, fault simulation type, detection tool access status, and power supply mode from equipment status data.

[0123] To avoid erroneous judgments due to image occlusion, missing electrical data, or delays in device status communication, the system calculates the reliability of each type of data source within the current time window. The reliability of the m-th type of data source is determined by the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula, This represents the reliability of the m-th type of data source within the time window corresponding to time t. This represents the h-th data quality metric from the m-th data source. This represents the weight corresponding to the h-th data quality indicator. This represents the total number of data quality indicators used in the m-th data source category, where m represents the data source category, which includes at least image data, electrical data, and equipment status data, h represents the data quality indicator number, and t represents the center time of the current time window.

[0126] Quality metrics for image data can include image frame integrity rate, target recognition confidence, and the proportion of unoccluded operating areas; quality metrics for electrical data can include sampling integrity rate, signal-to-noise ratio, non-saturation ratio, and time synchronization level; quality metrics for equipment status data can include communication normality, event log integrity, and status update time. All quality metrics are pre-converted to values ​​between 0 and 1, with higher values ​​indicating higher data quality.

[0127] The corresponding fusion weights are determined based on the reliability of various data sources:

[0128]

[0129] In the formula, This represents the fusion weight of the m-th data source within the time window corresponding to time t. This represents the reliability of the m-th type of data source. Let M represent the reliability of the q-th type of data source, M represent the total number of data sources participating in the fusion, and q represent the data source summation index. This represents a preset positive number to prevent the denominator from being zero when the reliability of all data sources is zero, and t represents the center time of the current time window.

[0130] When a trainee's hand obscures the object being operated, the proportion of unobstructed image data and the recognition confidence decrease, thus automatically reducing the fusion weight of the image data. When the electrical acquisition channel is interrupted or the measurement value exceeds the range, the fusion weight of the electrical data decreases. When the device status communication is normal and the event record is complete, the device status data maintains a high fusion weight.

[0131] The identification models from each data source output the probability that the current time window belongs to each candidate process. The probability of the j-th candidate process after multi-source fusion is determined according to the following formula:

[0132]

[0133] In the formula, This represents the probability that the current time window belongs to the j-th candidate process after multi-source fusion. This represents the fusion weight of the m-th type of data source. This represents the probability that the current time window belongs to the j-th candidate process based solely on the m-th type of data source. M represents the total number of data sources participating in the fusion, m represents the data source number, j represents the candidate process number, and t represents the center time of the current time window.

[0134] When the probability of the highest candidate process continuously exceeds the preset confirmation threshold and reaches the preset minimum duration, the system records the process as a candidate actual process. When the probability of the highest candidate process is lower than the review threshold, or the difference between the highest probability and the second highest probability is less than the preset difference, the system does not directly make a qualified or unqualified conclusion, but marks the corresponding time period as requiring manual review.

[0135] S3 adjusts the fusion weights of each data source based on real-time data quality to prevent low-quality images, abnormal electrical signals, or delayed device status from dominating the recognition results for extended periods. Image data explains what the trainee did, electrical data explains the physical result of the operation, and device status data explains the controlled state of the training equipment at the time; these three types of data complement each other.

[0136] S4. Use the standard process template to verify the candidate process and align the process sequence.

[0137] The system reads confirmed historical processes and checks whether the preceding processes of the current candidate process are completed, whether the operation object is correct, whether the tool type meets the requirements, and whether the mandatory safety conditions are satisfied. The constrained score of the j-th candidate process is determined according to the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] In the formula, This represents the score of the j-th candidate process at time t after undergoing process logic constraints. This represents the multi-source fusion probability of the j-th candidate process. This represents a preset positive number to prevent the logarithm from being unable to be calculated when the probability is zero. This represents the sequence cost incurred when the j-th candidate process fails to meet the conditions of its predecessor process. This represents the cost of repetition when the j-th candidate process is not allowed to be repeated. This represents the safety cost incurred when the j-th candidate process violates mandatory safety conditions. , and represents the adjustment coefficients for sequence cost, repetition cost, and safety cost, respectively; j represents the candidate process number; and t represents the center time of the current time window.

[0140] When the corresponding anomaly does not exist, the corresponding cost is set to zero; when the anomaly exists, the corresponding cost is set to a positive number. The safety cost of violating mandatory safety conditions can be set to a value greater than the normal sequence cost, so that candidate processes that violate safety conditions cannot be identified as normal processes simply because of their high image recognition probability.

[0141] The system selects the candidate process with the highest score after constraints as the current actual process. Through this process, even if the image model classifies two visually similar actions as having similar probabilities, the system can still select the process that meets the preconditions based on the actual construction sequence.

[0142] The actual process sequence is then dynamically aligned with the standard process sequence. The cumulative alignment cost is determined recursively according to the following formula:

[0143]

[0144] In the formula, This represents the minimum cumulative alignment cost between the first i standard operations and the first j actual operations. This represents the cost of omission when the i-th standard process is not actually executed. This represents the redundant operation or rework cost when the j-th actual process cannot be matched with the standard process. Let represent the matching cost when matching the i-th standard operation with the j-th actual operation, where i represents the index of the standard operation sequence, j represents the index of the actual operation sequence, and min represents the path with the minimum cumulative cost among the missing path, redundant operation path, and matching path.

[0145] When a standard procedure does not correspond to an actual procedure, it is recorded as a missing item; when an actual procedure cannot correspond to a standard procedure, it is recorded as a redundant operation or rework; when the type of the actual procedure is different from the standard procedure to be performed but occupies the corresponding position, it is recorded as an incorrect substitution; when two procedures with a prerequisite relationship are executed in reverse order, it is recorded as an out-of-order sequence.

[0146] The cost of omitting critical safety and critical quality procedures is higher than that of general procedures. For example, performing resistance measurement without disconnecting the power supply constitutes a violation of mandatory safety conditions and cannot be offset by correct operation of other general procedures.

[0147] The role of S4 is to combine the results of artificial intelligence recognition with the actual process logic of aircraft line construction, so that the system can not only determine what action the trainee performed, but also determine whether the action was completed at the right time, under the right preconditions and with the right object.

[0148] S5. Evaluate the construction quality of each actual process and determine the cause of any abnormalities.

[0149] For each actual process that has completed alignment, the system reads the corresponding standard electrical parameter range, standard operating time range, standard image features, and allowable deviation.

[0150] The deviation of actual electrical parameters from the standard allowable range is determined by the following formula:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, This represents the deviation of electrical parameters in the i-th process. This represents the actual stable measurement value or representative measurement value obtained in the i-th process. This represents the lower limit of the standard electrical parameter range corresponding to the i-th process. This represents the upper limit of the standard electrical parameter range corresponding to the i-th process. This represents a preset positive number to prevent the denominator from being zero when the upper and lower limits of the standard range are the same. i represents the process number, and max represents taking the maximum value among multiple values.

[0153] When the actual measured value is within the standard range, the latter two ratios are not greater than zero, and the electrical parameter deviation is zero; when the actual measured value is lower than the lower limit of the standard or higher than the upper limit of the standard, the electrical parameter deviation increases with the degree to which it exceeds the standard range.

[0154] The deviation of the actual operation time from the standard operation time range is determined by the following formula:

[0155]

[0156] In the formula, This represents the operation time deviation of the i-th process. This represents the actual duration of the i-th process. This represents the lower limit of the standard operating time for the i-th process. This represents the upper limit of the standard operating time for the i-th process. This represents a preset positive number to prevent the denominator from being zero when the upper and lower limits of the standard time range are the same. i represents the process number, and max represents taking the maximum value among multiple values.

[0157] When the operation time is within the standard time range, the operation time deviation is zero; if the operation time is too short, it may indicate that the process has not been fully executed, and if the operation time is too long, it may indicate that the operator is not skilled, has to make repeated adjustments, or the measurement is unstable.

[0158] The system also determines the degree of construction appearance abnormality based on the conductor routing, the position of clamp 10, the conductor bundling status, the shielding layer treatment status, the crimping status of connectors or pins, the tool application position, and the test probe position; it determines the degree of process sequence abnormality based on omissions, incorrect sequences, rework, incorrect substitutions, and violations of mandatory safety conditions; and it determines the degree of electrical stability abnormality based on electrical reading fluctuations, the number of short-term interruptions, the stabilization time, and the consistency of electrical changes before and after the action.

[0159] The overall quality anomaly degree of the i-th process is determined by the following formula:

[0160]

[0161] In the formula, This indicates the overall quality anomaly level of the i-th process. Indicates deviation of electrical parameters. Indicates the degree of abnormality in the construction appearance. This indicates the deviation in operation time. Indicates the degree of abnormality in the process sequence. Indicates the degree of electrical stability anomaly. , , , and These represent the evaluation weights of the five abnormal indicators mentioned above in the i-th process, and the sum of the five evaluation weights is 1, where i represents the process number.

[0162] Different evaluation weights are used for different processes. For example, the process of measuring the grounding resistance of the electrostatic discharge brush can increase the weight of electrical parameter deviation, probe position, and electrical stability; the process of wire bundling can increase the weight of the degree of abnormality in construction appearance; and the process of confirming safety status can increase the weight of the degree of abnormality in process sequence. Each evaluation weight is preset by the teacher according to the corresponding construction standard and saved in the standard process template.

[0163] When the overall quality anomaly level is not greater than the first judgment threshold, the process is judged as qualified; when the overall quality anomaly level is greater than the first judgment threshold but not greater than the second judgment threshold, or when the confidence level of the main evidence is insufficient, the process is judged as requiring review; when the overall quality anomaly level is greater than the second judgment threshold or when a mandatory safety veto condition is triggered, the process is judged as unqualified. The first judgment threshold is less than the second judgment threshold.

[0164] The system also compares actual electrical characteristics, image operation characteristics, and equipment status characteristics with fault templates in the fault characteristic library. The matching score for the k-th type of fault cause is determined according to the following formula:

[0165]

[0166] In the formula, This represents the matching score for the k-th type of fault cause. This represents the total number of feature groups used for fault cause determination. This represents the matching weight of the m-th feature group corresponding to the k-th type of fault cause. This function represents the similarity calculation between actual features and fault template features. This represents the m-th actual feature extracted in this practical training. This represents the m-th template feature corresponding to the k-th type of fault cause in the fault feature library. A consistency indicator that shows whether the preset fault currently set by the device is consistent with the cause of the kth type of fault. This represents the verification weight corresponding to the preset fault state of the device, k represents the fault cause category number, and m represents the feature group number.

[0167] The similarity calculation function can use cosine similarity, Euclidean distance transformation value, or rule matching result. In practice, it is sufficient to represent the degree of consistency between the actual features and the fault template features. The consistency indicator is set to 1 when the device's preset fault and the k-th type of fault cause are consistent, and 0 when they are inconsistent.

[0168] When the equipment status clearly records a pre-set fault such as open circuit, short circuit, loose connection, or poor grounding, and the trainee's measurement position, testing tool settings, and operating sequence are all correct, the system will prioritize attributing the corresponding anomaly to a pre-set equipment fault. When the equipment does not have a pre-set fault, but abnormal construction appearance and electrical instability occur simultaneously, the system will prioritize attributing the corresponding anomaly to construction quality defects. When electrical readings are abnormal and the probe positions, range settings, or testing tool connection methods do not conform to the standard procedure template, the system will prioritize attributing the corresponding anomaly to measurement operation errors.

[0169] By simultaneously analyzing operational behavior, electrical results, and equipment preset states, S5 can avoid simply attributing all abnormal measurements to line faults and can distinguish between faults actively set by the equipment, defects caused by trainees' construction, and errors in trainees' measurement methods.

[0170] S6. Calculate the practical training score and generate a traceable teaching practice report.

[0171] The system calculates scores for operational compliance, construction quality, electrical testing, troubleshooting, and safety compliance based on the importance of each process and the degree of overall quality abnormality. The overall training score is determined using the following formula:

[0172]

[0173] In the formula, This indicates the overall practical training score. This indicates that when the calculation result within the parentheses is less than 0, it is taken as 0; when the calculation result is greater than 100, it is taken as 100; otherwise, the actual calculation result is taken. N represents the total number of processes involved in the scoring. This represents the importance weight of the i-th process. This represents the value obtained after limiting the overall quality anomaly level of the i-th process to the range of 0 to 1. This indicates an independent penalty for violating mandatory safety conditions. This indicates an independent deduction for a critical process omission, serious misordering, or unverified critical anomaly, where i represents the process number.

[0174] Limiting the overall quality anomaly level to 0 to 1 is to prevent excessively large individual anomaly values ​​from causing the scoring calculation to lose its proportional relationship. Setting safety deductions and critical process deductions is to prevent high scores from multiple general processes from offsetting serious problems such as measurements not being disconnected due to power failure or omissions in critical processes.

[0175] The teaching practice report should include at least the following: student information, training project, comparison information between standard procedures and actual procedures, actual operation timeline, electrical parameter change curve, procedure quality conclusion, omissions, misordered procedures, rework procedures, construction anomaly images, causes of anomalies, sub-item scores, overall score, and retraining recommendations.

[0176] The system establishes an evidence index for each abnormal conclusion. The evidence index records at least the abnormal conclusion number, corresponding process number, start and end times of the abnormality, original video frame range, electrical data channel, sampling record number, equipment status event number, standard process template version, identification model version, and manual review status. After selecting an abnormal conclusion, the teacher can retrieve the corresponding video clip, electrical curve, and equipment status record.

[0177] Retraining suggestions are automatically generated based on the type of anomaly and the corresponding process. For example, when the test probe position is repeatedly incorrect, retraining suggestions for measurement point identification are generated; when the test probe position is correct but the electrical reading continues to fluctuate, retraining suggestions for terminal crimping, grounding connection tightening, or wire repair are generated; when a previous process is missing, retraining suggestions for standard construction procedures and safety inspections are generated.

[0178] When any data source is temporarily missing, the system reduces the fusion weight of that data source. When the remaining evidence is insufficient to support automatic judgment, the system output requires verification instead of directly determining it as unqualified. The image acquisition unit, electrical data acquisition unit, and equipment status acquisition unit prioritize writing the raw data to the local cache. After the network is restored, the data is retransmitted according to the training session number and sample sequence number, and duplicate data is deleted.

[0179] The overall working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, standard process templates are retrieved according to the training project, and the acquisition channels are calibrated; then, image data, electrical data, and equipment status data are acquired under a unified time reference; next, adaptive fusion is performed based on the real-time reliability of various types of data to determine candidate processes; the candidate processes are verified for preconditions, safety conditions, and execution order using the standard process template; the actual process sequence is aligned with the standard process sequence to identify omissions, misordering, and rework; further, the quality of the process is evaluated by comprehensively considering electrical parameters, construction appearance, operation time, operation sequence, and electrical stability, and the cause of abnormalities is determined by combining the equipment fault setting status; finally, the sub-item scores and comprehensive training scores are calculated to generate a teaching practice report that can be traced back to the original images, electrical data, and equipment status.

[0180] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A training device for standard aircraft maintenance wiring construction, characterized in that, include: The support carrier includes a platform and a training operation board mounted on the platform; The line construction training unit, set on the training operation board, is used to form a detachable aviation line; The electrical testing and fault simulation unit is electrically connected to the line construction training unit and is used to supply power and load the aviation line, acquire the electrical parameters of the aviation line, and set line faults.

2. The aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The training operation board is a metal plate used to simulate the skin structure of an aircraft. The training operation board is provided with a basic wiring area, a wire harness bundling area and a shielding area. The basic wiring area is used for training in line connection and line control; the wire harness bundling area is used for training in wire laying and wire bundling; and the shielding grounding area is used for training in shielding grounding and grounding resistance measurement.

3. The aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The line construction training unit includes a first connector (1), a second connector (2), a third connector (3), an aviation standard conductor (7), a wire clamp (10), a conductor binding rope (11), a connector block (13), a trip switch (14), and a toggle switch (15). The first connector (1), the second connector (2), the third connector (3), and the wiring block (13) are spaced apart on the training operation board; The aviation standard wire (7) is connected between the first connector (1), the second connector (2), the third connector (3), the terminal block (13), the jumper switch (14), and the toggle switch (15) to form the aviation line; Multiple clamps (10) are spaced apart along the laying path of the aviation standard conductor (7), and the conductor binding rope (11) is used to bind at least two of the aviation standard conductors (7).

4. The aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The line construction training unit also includes a grounding pile (4), an electrostatic discharge brush (5), a first silicone anti-wear tape (8), a second silicone anti-wear tape (9), and a grounding block (12). The grounding stake (4), electrostatic discharge brush (5) and grounding block (12) are set in the shielded grounding area. The electrostatic discharge brush (5) forms a grounding detection circuit with the training operation board through at least one of the grounding stake (4) and grounding block (12). The first silicone anti-abrasion tape (8) and the second silicone anti-abrasion tape (9) are respectively placed at the positions where the aviation standard wire (7) contacts the wire clamp (10) or the training operation board.

5. The aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrical detection and fault simulation unit includes a control instrument box (6) and a load instrument box (16). The control instrument box (6) is electrically connected to the aviation line and is provided with an external power supply interface and an electrical detection interface; The load instrument box (16) is electrically connected to the aviation line and is used to simulate the line load and display the load working status; The aviation line is equipped with controllable fault points, which are used to set at least one line fault among open wire, short circuit, loose connection, shielding layer damage and poor grounding; The trip switch (14) and toggle switch (15) are used to change the on / off state or load working state of the aviation line.

6. The aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The training operation board is also equipped with a construction standard interpretation QR code (17) and an electrostatic sensitivity label (18). The construction standard interpretation QR code (17) is used to associate the line construction standard operation information, and the electrostatic sensitive mark (18) is set in the electrostatic sensitive operation area of ​​the training operation board. The platform is a detachable frame structure, and the training operation board is detachably installed on the platform. The bottom of the platform is equipped with rollers with locking function.

7. A method for processing and generating reports of training data on standard aircraft maintenance wiring, characterized in that, include: Retrieve the corresponding standard process template based on the training project to be implemented. The standard process template includes standard processes and corresponding quality judgment conditions. Image data, electrical data, and equipment status data are collected during the training process based on a unified time reference, and time correlation is performed on the image data, electrical data, and equipment status data. Image operation features, electrical change features, and equipment status features are extracted from the image data, electrical data, and equipment status data, respectively. The image operation features, electrical change features, and equipment status features are then fused to determine the actual operation procedures. The actual operation procedures and their execution sequence are verified based on the standard process template to identify process anomalies; The quality evaluation results are determined based on the electrical parameters, construction appearance, operation time and execution sequence corresponding to the actual operation procedures, and the causes of abnormalities are determined by combining the preset fault states and fault characteristic information. A teaching practice report is generated based on the actual operation procedures, quality evaluation results, causes of abnormalities, and corresponding raw data, and a traceability relationship is established between the evaluation conclusions in the teaching practice report and the raw data.

8. The method for processing and generating reports of aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training data according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each standard process in the standard process template is associated with a preceding process, allowed subsequent processes, operation object, allowed tools, standard measurement location, standard operation time range, standard electrical parameter range, standard image features, process importance, and required evidence type; Establish a standard process diagram based on the execution relationships between each standard process; Before the start of the practical training, self-tests were performed on the image data acquisition channel, electrical data acquisition channel, and equipment status data acquisition channel, and baseline data was collected under no-operation conditions. The electrical data collected during the training process is corrected based on the benchmark data, and the data obtained from different acquisition channels are aligned to the corresponding time period based on the unified time benchmark.

9. The method for processing and generating reports of aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training data according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reliability of image data is determined based on the completeness of the image data, the confidence level of recognition, and the degree of occlusion. The reliability of electrical data is determined based on the completeness of electrical data sampling, the degree of signal fluctuation, the range status, and the time synchronization error. The reliability of device status data is determined based on the communication status, status update time, and completeness of event records. The fusion weights of the corresponding data features are determined based on the reliability of the image data, the reliability of the electrical data, and the reliability of the equipment status data. Candidate operation steps are determined based on the feature fusion results, and the candidate operation steps are constrained and verified using the preceding steps, allowed subsequent steps, operation objects, allowed tools, and safe operation conditions in the standard operation diagram to determine the actual operation steps. Align the actual operation sequence with the standard operation sequence to identify omissions, misordering, duplicate execution, and incorrect substitutions; When the confidence level of the identification of the actual operation procedure is lower than the preset threshold, the corresponding time period is marked as requiring manual review.

10. The method for processing and generating reports of aircraft maintenance standard circuit construction training data according to claim 9, characterized in that: The actual electrical parameters, actual operating time, and construction appearance are compared with the corresponding standard electrical parameter range, standard operating time range, and standard image features to determine the degree of abnormality in electrical parameters, operating time, and construction appearance. The degree of abnormality in the operation sequence is determined based on at least one of omissions, out-of-order execution, duplicate execution, incorrect substitution, and violation of safe operating conditions. The degree of quality abnormality of each actual operation procedure is determined based on the degree of abnormality of the electrical parameters, the degree of abnormality of the operation time, the degree of abnormality of the construction appearance, and the degree of abnormality of the operation sequence. Each actual operation procedure is then judged as qualified, requires review, or is unqualified. The electrical change characteristics, image operation characteristics, and equipment status characteristics are matched with fault characteristic information, and preset equipment faults, line construction quality defects, and measurement operation errors are distinguished according to the preset fault status. The sub-evaluation results and comprehensive training evaluation results are determined based on the degree of quality abnormality and the importance of each actual operation procedure. The teaching practice report includes information comparing standard procedures with actual operation procedures, an actual operation timeline, electrical parameter change information, abnormal procedure information, construction anomaly images, causes of anomalies, sub-item evaluation results, comprehensive training evaluation results, and retraining suggestions. Each anomaly conclusion is associated with the corresponding operation time, original image data, electrical data, and equipment status data.

Images