A modular mechanical disconnector in sections and assembly method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of circuit protection, and provides a spliced modular mechanical disconnector and an assembling method. The mechanical disconnector comprises a disconnection main body module, the disconnection main body module comprises a shell and a mechanical disconnection structure and a trigger arranged in the shell; an electrode interface is arranged on the shell; an external interface integrated plate is electrically connected with the trigger; a main circuit electrode is arranged in the shell and is fixedly connected with the electrode interface; a preset weak section is arranged on the main circuit electrode, and the mechanical disconnection structure is arranged opposite to the preset weak section; at least one splicing part is arranged on the main circuit electrode, the splicing part is used for connecting a special function expansion module, the special function expansion module is fixed on the main circuit electrode, and the external interface integrated plate is electrically connected with the special function expansion module. Through the above arrangement, the same main body module can be used for different functional types, and multiple protection functions can be flexibly combined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit protection technology, and in particular to a modular mechanical cutter and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] As an electrical safety protection device, the circuit breaker is widely used in high-voltage, high-current scenarios such as DC power distribution, new energy vehicles, and energy storage systems. Its trigger-driven mechanical breaking structure quickly disconnects the main circuit. In practical applications, to meet the diverse needs of different systems, the circuit breaker often needs to integrate different additional functions, such as current detection function, fault self-triggering function, or passive protection function in the event of system power failure.

[0003] Existing cutters typically adopt an integrated design model of "one model, one complete machine," meaning that a complete machine structure is designed independently for each specific functional combination. This approach results in the incompatibility of core structural components between different functional models. When new functional requirements emerge in the market, the entire machine structure must be redesigned, molds developed, and products validated. This leads to problems such as long R&D cycles, high manufacturing costs, and complex material management, making it difficult to adapt to the flexible production needs of multi-variety, small-batch production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of non-interchangeability of core components, long development cycles, and high manufacturing costs associated with the integrated design of existing cutters, this invention provides a modular mechanical cutter, comprising: The cutting main module includes a housing and a mechanical cutting structure and a trigger disposed within the housing; the housing is provided with an electrode interface; An external interface integrated board, wherein the trigger is electrically connected to the external interface integrated board; The main circuit electrode is inserted through the housing and fixedly connected to the electrode interface. The main circuit electrode is provided with a preset weak section, and the mechanical separation structure is arranged relative to the preset weak section. The main circuit electrode is provided with at least one splicing part, which is used to connect a dedicated function expansion module to fix the dedicated function expansion module on the main circuit electrode; the external interface integration board is electrically connected to the dedicated function expansion module.

[0005] This invention also provides an assembly method for a modular mechanical cutter, characterized by the following steps: A cutting main module is provided, the cutting main module including a housing and a mechanical cutting structure and a trigger disposed within the housing; the housing is provided with an electrode interface; an external interface integrated board, the trigger being electrically connected to the external interface integrated board; Based on the target function type of the cutter to be assembled, select a main circuit electrode with a corresponding splicing structure and at least one dedicated function expansion module. The selected main circuit electrode is inserted and fixed to the electrode interface, and the selected special function expansion module is spliced ​​onto the splicing part of the main circuit electrode. The dedicated function expansion module is electrically connected to the external interface integration board.

[0006] Based on the above, the modular mechanical cutter and assembly method provided in this embodiment of the invention, compared with the prior art, by setting a splicing part on the main circuit electrode to connect a dedicated function expansion module, and electrically connecting the external interface integration board to the dedicated function expansion module, allows the cutting main module, as a general core component, to remain unchanged. By selecting main circuit electrodes with different splicing structures and corresponding dedicated function expansion modules, products that meet different functional requirements can be quickly assembled, thereby effectively avoiding repeated development and mold opening, significantly reducing R&D and manufacturing costs, simplifying material management and production processes, and improving product flexibility and market response speed.

[0007] Other features and beneficial effects of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other beneficial effects of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships shown in the drawings in the following description are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figure.

[0009] Figure 1 A perspective view of an active cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial exploded view of an active cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the first type of electrode sheet; Figure 4 A simplified circuit diagram of an active circuit breaker; Figure 5 A perspective view of an integrated active and passive cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is a three-dimensional view of the second type of electrode sheet; Figure 7 A simplified circuit diagram of a combined active and passive circuit breaker; Figure 8 A perspective view of a main inspection integrated cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional view of the third type of electrode sheet; Figure 10 A simplified circuit diagram of the integrated main inspection cut-off device; Figure 11 A perspective view of a full-function cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial exploded view of a full-function cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of a full-function cutter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional view of the fourth type of electrode sheet; Figure 15 This is a simplified circuit diagram of a full-function cut-off device.

[0010] Figure label: 1. Cutting main module; 11. Housing; 12. Mechanical breaking structure; 13. Trigger; 14. External interface integrated board; 15. Foolproof connector; 16. Arc extinguishing fuse; 17. Fuse cutting blade; 11a. Electrode interface; 11b. Wiring groove; 2. Main circuit electrode; 2a. First type of electrode sheet; 2b. Second type of electrode sheet; 21. First connecting part; 22. Second connecting part; 2c. Third type of electrode sheet; 2d. Fourth type of electrode sheet; 201. Preset weak section; 202. Splicing part; 202a. Serrated structure; 202b. Plate structure; 3. Arc voltage energy harvesting module; 31. Fusible structure; 32. Arc voltage energy harvesting housing; 4. Current detection module. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that all terms used in this invention (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, and should not be construed as limiting the invention; it should be further understood that the terms used in this invention should be understood to have the same meaning as those in the context of this specification and in the relevant field, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, except as expressly defined in this invention.

[0013] Currently, in high-voltage, high-current applications such as DC power systems, the fault triggering modes of mechanical circuit breakers mainly rely on passive fusing, purely active signal triggering, and a combination of both. Among these, passive fusing circuit breakers exhibit slow fusible element heating, delayed fusing, or even failure to operate under low overcurrent conditions (1.2In to 5In), with dispersed and fluctuating trigger thresholds, resulting in poor protection stability. Purely active signal circuit breakers rely entirely on external power supply and commands, lacking independent fault identification capabilities and completely losing their protection function when the system loses power. While current detection + active dual-mode circuit breakers can accurately set trigger thresholds and quickly respond to low overcurrents, their detection, control, and triggering entire chain depends on external power; once the system loses power, the protection function immediately fails. Furthermore, the aforementioned circuit breakers generally adopt a 'one model, one complete unit' integrated design, leading to the incompatibility of core components between different functional models. Each new functional model requires a redesign of the entire structure and development of molds, resulting in long R&D cycles, high manufacturing costs, and complex material management.

[0014] Therefore, given the diverse protection needs, developing a dedicated unit for each functional combination not only leads to a sharp increase in R&D and manufacturing costs but also makes it difficult to flexibly adapt to the differentiated requirements of protection functions and triggering modes in different scenarios. Especially for high-safety scenarios requiring multiple redundant protections such as external active triggering, fault current self-triggering, and system power failure passive triggering, traditional design models face enormous development pressure due to the lack of a universal platform. In view of this, there is an urgent need for a cut-off switch solution that can achieve universal core components and selectable functional modules as needed to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing solutions.

[0015] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a modular mechanical cutter that can be assembled into a universal cutting main module and a customizable functional expansion module. Combined with standardized main circuit electrodes, this allows core components with the same rated parameters to be interchangeable. By selecting different expansion modules and electrode plates, products meeting various functional requirements can be quickly assembled, effectively reducing R&D and manufacturing costs, simplifying production processes, and improving product flexibility and market responsiveness.

[0016] The following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] Please see Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment provides a modular mechanical cutter that includes at least a cutting main module 1, a main circuit electrode 2, and an external interface integrated board 14. The cutting main module 1 can selectively be connected to at least one dedicated functional expansion module. The dedicated functional expansion module is an arc voltage harvesting module 3 and / or a current detection module 4, which are detachably connected to the cutting main module 1 and electrically coupled to it.

[0018] In specific implementation, such as Figure 2 , Figure 13 As shown, the main cutting module 1, as the core general component of the entire cutter, has a housing 11 made of high-strength, pressure-resistant insulating material. Internally, it integrates a mechanical cutting structure 12 and a trigger 13 (such as a fireworks igniter). The trigger 13 is electrically connected to an external interface integrated board 14 to receive trigger signals and generate high-speed driving force, thereby driving the mechanical cutting structure 12 to perform the cutting action. The mechanical cutting structure 12 is a mechanical component that physically cuts off the main circuit when the trigger 13 is activated. It can adopt a conventional piston-type cutting structure or a knife-switch-type cutting structure, such as in a fireworks cutter, as long as it can reliably cut off the main circuit electrode 2.

[0019] It should be noted that the mechanical breaking structure 12 and the trigger 13 are not limited to one set; depending on actual needs, there can be multiple sets.

[0020] An electrode interface 11a is provided on the housing 11. The main circuit electrode 2 passes through the housing 11 and is fixed at the electrode interface 11a. The main circuit electrode 2 is preferably a copper busbar or a copper-aluminum composite busbar. After passing through the electrode interface 11a, it forms a switchable main current path with the mechanical disconnection structure 12. The main circuit electrode 2 is provided with a preset weak section 201, and the mechanical disconnection structure 12 is positioned relative to the preset weak section 201. Under normal operating conditions, the main circuit is conducted by the main circuit electrode 2. When the trigger 13 is activated, the mechanical disconnection structure 12 quickly cuts off the preset weak section 201 on the main circuit electrode 2, realizing the physical disconnection of the circuit.

[0021] Furthermore, in order to improve the arc-extinguishing capability and electrical isolation reliability after disconnection, such as Figure 13The main cutting module 1 further includes an arc-extinguishing melt 16 and a melt cutting blade 17. The arc-extinguishing melt 16 is connected in parallel to both ends of the preset weak section 201. Specifically, the arc-extinguishing melt 16 can be made of a conductive material with a resistivity higher than that of the main circuit electrode 2. One end of the melt is electrically connected to the main circuit electrode 2 on one side of the preset weak section 201, and the other end is electrically connected to the main circuit electrode 2 on the other side of the preset weak section 201, forming an auxiliary current path in parallel with the preset weak section 201. The melt cutting blade 17 is disposed on the movement path of the mechanical breaking structure 12. When the trigger 13 drives the mechanical breaking structure 12 to move to cut the preset weak section 201 on the main circuit electrode 2, the melt cutting blade 17 moves synchronously with the mechanical breaking structure 12, continuing to cut the parallel arc-extinguishing melt 16. This allows the fault current to be transferred to the arc-extinguishing melt 16 and broken again after the main circuit electrode 2 is disconnected. Thus, by superimposing the arc voltage through the double break, the arc is extinguished more quickly, achieving reliable full current interruption and electrical isolation.

[0022] Both the main cutting module 1 and the dedicated function expansion module can be quickly disassembled and assembled using fasteners, snap-fit ​​devices, etc. In this embodiment, one or more dedicated function expansion modules can be selected according to actual needs. For example, only the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 can be spliced ​​to form an integrated active-passive cutter, or only the current detection module 4 can be spliced ​​to form an integrated active-detection cutter, or both the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 and the current detection module 4 can be spliced ​​to form a full-function cutter. When no expansion function is needed, no dedicated function expansion module can be spliced ​​at all, and only the main cutting module 1 can work independently to form an active cutter. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the dedicated function expansion modules A, B, C, and D can be selectively spliced ​​together via the splicing section 202, and can be added or removed according to actual needs.

[0023] In this embodiment, the main circuit electrode 2 is provided with at least one splicing part 202. The splicing part 202 is used to connect a dedicated function expansion module to fix the dedicated function expansion module to the main circuit electrode 2. The splicing part 202 can be designed as a mutually interlocking concave-convex structure, serrated structure, snap-fit ​​structure, or other positioning splicing structure that facilitates detachable splicing, depending on the shape, structure, and connection requirements between the actual dedicated function module, the cutting main module 1, and the main circuit electrode 2. This embodiment does not limit the design; the specific design can be reasonably configured according to actual needs.

[0024] When a specific function is required, the corresponding dedicated function module is spliced ​​with the cutting main module 1 via the splicing part 202. The external interface integration board 14 is electrically connected to the dedicated function expansion module. Preferably, the external interface integration board 14 has multiple sets of independent terminals, which are electrically connected to the dedicated function expansion module, thereby connecting the trigger signals, power supply, etc., generated by the dedicated function module to the trigger 13 within the cutting main module 1. As an example, the external interface integration board 14 can be located inside the housing 11 of the cutting main module 1 (as shown in the attached figure), or it can be located on the dedicated function expansion module or at any convenient location for wire connection on the mechanical cutter. The specific configuration is determined according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0025] This modular design enables the generalization of the main module. For the same rated electrical parameters, only one model of the main module 1 is needed. By selecting different dedicated function expansion modules and matching main circuit electrodes 2, products with different functions can be flexibly constructed, avoiding repeated development and mold opening from the design source.

[0026] Optionally, the multiple sets of independent terminals include a trigger signal terminal group, a power supply terminal group, and a dry contact status signal terminal group (not shown in the figure). The power supply terminal group, the dry contact status signal terminal group, and the trigger signal terminal group are electrically isolated from each other. When the dedicated function expansion module is spliced ​​onto the main circuit electrode 2, the trigger signal terminal group electrically connects the trigger output terminal of the dedicated function expansion module to the trigger terminal of the trigger 13.

[0027] In practical implementation, the external interface integration board 14 preferably uses a PCB board, on which three independent terminal areas are divided by wiring. Sufficient creepage distance and electrical clearance are maintained between each group of terminals to ensure that the power supply, signal, and dry contact status outputs do not interfere with each other. The trigger signal terminal group is directly soldered to the trigger pin of the trigger 13 and leads out a terminal for the trigger signal line of the dedicated function expansion module to connect. It is also connected in parallel to the external trigger input interface, so that both external trigger signals and function module trigger signals can directly act on the trigger 13 without intermediate chip or logic circuit delay, achieving a "point-to-point" direct connection of the trigger signal and ensuring the real-time performance and reliability of the disconnection action. The power supply terminal group is used to draw power from an external DC power supply (such as DC24~60V) to power the active circuits such as the current detection module 4. The dry contact status signal terminal group is used to output the status of whether the product has completed the disconnection action in the form of a pure passive dry contact, which is convenient for external system acquisition. This pure hardware conversion design greatly improves the anti-interference capability and response speed of signal transmission.

[0028] Optionally, such as Figure 2 , Figure 12As shown, a wiring groove 11b is provided inside the housing 11, and the connecting wires between the external interface integration board 14 and the dedicated function expansion module are accommodated in the wiring groove 11b.

[0029] In practice, a wiring groove 11b is formed on the side wall, top, or bottom of the housing 11 of the main module 1, protruding outwards or inwards, through injection molding or machining. Connecting wires (including power lines, signal lines, and trigger lines) from the external interface integration board 14 are laid along the wiring groove 11b to the interface end of the dedicated function expansion module, and both ends of the wires can be soldered and fixed. The wiring groove 11b constrains and protects all internal cables, avoiding the risk of loose wires, wear, or interference with moving parts. It also achieves concealment and neatness of internal wiring, improving product assembly consistency and long-term operational reliability.

[0030] Optionally, such as Figures 5-7 or Figure 12 As shown, the arc voltage power harvesting module 3 includes a fuse structure 31 and an arc voltage power harvesting housing 32. The arc voltage power harvesting housing 32 integrates a boost power harvesting drive circuit. When the dedicated function expansion module includes the arc voltage power harvesting module 3, the fuse structure 31 is connected in series with the main circuit electrode 2, the arc voltage power harvesting housing 32 is fixed on the main circuit electrode 2, and the boost power harvesting drive circuit is connected in parallel with the fuse structure 31.

[0031] In practical implementation, the arc voltage harvesting module 3 utilizes the arc energy generated by the fault current on the fuse structure 31 for passive energy harvesting, and uses the self-driven trigger 13 to achieve passive triggering protection. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the fusible link 31 can be composed of one or more fusible elements connected in parallel, which are connected in series between two sections of the main circuit electrode 2. During normal current flow, it serves as part of the main current path and has extremely low resistance. The arc voltage harvesting housing 32 is positioned opposite to the fusible link 31. After the arc voltage harvesting housing 32 is closed, it is fixed to the main circuit electrode 2 by screws or clips. It integrates a boost power harvesting drive circuit (not shown in the figure), which is connected across the two ends of the fusible link 31. Preferably, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the splicing part 202 has a serrated structure 202a on the main circuit electrode 2, and the arc voltage harvesting housing 32 has a corresponding toothed structure that mates with the serrated structure 202a. When the arc voltage harvesting housing 32 is placed over the main circuit electrode 2, the serrated structure 202a and the toothed structure engage and fit together, and then the arc voltage harvesting housing 32 and the main circuit electrode 2 are fixed together by fasteners. Furthermore, a corresponding positioning structure can be provided between the arc voltage harvesting housing 32 and the main circuit electrode 2 to achieve horizontal positioning between them, thereby facilitating splicing and assembly. For example, the arc voltage harvesting housing 32 can be provided with positioning posts, and the main circuit electrode 2 can be provided with positioning grooves.

[0032] When a short-circuit fault occurs in the main circuit, the fault current flows through the fuse structure 31. The weak section of the fuse on it melts rapidly due to Joule heating, generating an arc voltage. The boost power-driven circuit collects this arc energy and performs boost rectification, converting it into electrical energy sufficient to drive the trigger 13. Thus, without any external power supply, it self-powers and outputs a trigger signal to the external interface integrated board 14, ultimately driving the trigger 13 to complete the mechanical disconnection. This mechanism utilizes the arc energy generated by the fault current on the fuse structure for self-powered triggering disconnection, requiring no external power supply.

[0033] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 When the dedicated function expansion module includes the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3, the main circuit electrode 2 includes a first connection part 21 and a second connection part 22. The first connection part 21 is provided with a preset weak section 201, and the mechanical breaking structure 12 acts on the preset weak section 201. The first connection part 21 and the second connection part 22 are connected by the fusible structure 31. The fusible structure 31 has a fusible weak section.

[0034] In specific implementation, the main circuit electrode 2 of the corresponding arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 is designed as a segmented structure. One end of the first connecting part 21 is connected to the external circuit, and the other end extends to the working area of ​​the mechanical breaking structure 12. A preset weak section 201 (such as a groove or through hole formed by local thinning) is processed in this area. The preset weak section 201 is located directly below the piston of the trigger 13 and breaks preferentially after receiving an impact. The second connecting part 22 is set independently and is used for electrical connection at the other end. The fuse structure 31 of the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 is connected between the breaks of the first connecting part 21 and the second connecting part 22. The two are reliably electrically connected by welding, crimping, or screw locking. The fuse structure 31 is further provided with a fuse weak section with a smaller cross-sectional area (such as a narrow diameter, through hole, or notch). Its fusing current threshold is lower than the mechanical fracture threshold of the preset weak section 201 of the main circuit electrode 2, ensuring that the fuse structure 31 will act preferentially in the event of an overcurrent fault, generating arc voltage driving energy and creating conditions for passive triggering.

[0035] Optionally, the current detection module 4 integrates a current detection circuit; when the dedicated function expansion module is the current detection module 4, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 The splicing part 202 is a plate-shaped structure 202b on the main circuit electrode 2; the current detection module 4 is sleeved on the plate-shaped structure 202b.

[0036] In specific implementation, the current detection circuit includes a detection element. This detection element can be a Hall effect sensor, a Rogowski coil, or a shunt, among other current detection components. In this embodiment, the preferred current detection circuit is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Its core detection element can be a non-contact detection element such as a current transformer, without compromising the structural integrity of the DC bus. When current flows through electrode 2 in the main circuit, a magnetic field positively correlated with the current magnitude is generated. The detection element senses this magnetic field and converts it into a voltage signal, which is then conditioned to obtain the acquired signal.

[0037] like Figure 9 As shown, a plate-like structure 202b with a uniform cross-section and flat surface is reserved on the main circuit electrode 2. The length and position of this section are reasonably set according to actual needs to ensure that the current detection module 4 has sufficient space for insertion. The housing 11 of the current detection module 4 has a standard interface at its center, which is adapted to the cross-section of the main circuit electrode 2. The current detection module 4 is inserted into the plate-like structure 202b of the main circuit electrode 2 through this standard interface and fixed to the housing 11 of the cutting main module 1 using fasteners. Of course, in other embodiments, corresponding concave and convex positioning structures can also be used to achieve the limiting cooperation between the current detection module 4 and the housing 11 of the cutting main module 1, and / or the main circuit electrode 2. Its built-in current detection circuit monitors the main circuit current in real time. When the current exceeds the preset short circuit or overcurrent threshold, it immediately outputs a trigger signal to the trigger 13 through the external interface integrated board 14 to achieve microsecond-level fault detection and active trigger protection. This socket-type design is easy to install, without the need to cut or weld the main circuit electrode 2, realizing plug-and-play expansion of the current detection function.

[0038] Based on the above, a positioning structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the dedicated function expansion module and the cutting main module 1 and / or the main circuit electrode 2, and is detachably connected by fasteners; the positioning structure is a matching positioning groove and a positioning guide structure.

[0039] In specific implementation, positioning grooves or positioning guide structures are provided on the housing 11 and / or main circuit electrode 2 of the main cutting module 1, while the corresponding positions of the dedicated function expansion module (arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 or current detection module 4) are provided with positioning guide structures or positioning grooves that limit their positioning. During assembly, the positioning guide structure and the positioning groove engage to achieve high-precision pre-positioning, ensuring accurate alignment of the electrical and mechanical interfaces, and then fastening is achieved by screws or other fasteners. For example, in this embodiment, when the dedicated function expansion module is the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3, the arc voltage energy harvesting housing 32 and the main circuit electrode 2 can be limited by the positioning structure and / or the sawtooth structure 202a, and the arc voltage energy harvesting housing 32 and the main circuit electrode 2 are locked together by fasteners. When the dedicated function expansion module is the current detection module 4, the current detection module and the main circuit electrode 2 are limited by the plate-like structure 202b, and the current detection module 4 is locked together with the housing 11 and / or the main circuit electrode 2 of the main cutting module 1 by fasteners.

[0040] This positioning and fastening combination structure ensures the repeatability of module installation position, avoiding poor signal contact or structural interference caused by assembly deviation. On the other hand, it also facilitates quick disassembly and replacement of modules when product functions change, reducing the difficulty of production line assembly and on-site maintenance costs.

[0041] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 2 The housing 11 is provided with a foolproof connector 15, and the pins of the foolproof connector 15 are connected to the independent terminals on the external interface integration board 14.

[0042] In practical implementation, the foolproof connector 15 is preferably a standard multi-pin connector (such as a 6-pin or 8-pin connector) with a guide keyway, which is located on the front or side of the main cut-off module 1, serving as a unified electrical interface for external interaction of the entire machine. Each pin of the connector is directly soldered to the corresponding terminal block of the external interface integration board 14 via pin headers or wires, achieving hardware connection with power supply, external trigger signals, dry contact status signals, and (if any) communication signals. The foolproof structure effectively prevents circuit damage caused by reverse insertion of external wiring harnesses, while the centralized external interface design simplifies and standardizes field wiring, significantly improving product installation convenience and system compatibility.

[0043] Optionally, the main circuit electrode 2 is one of the first type of electrode sheet 2a, the second type of electrode sheet 2b, the third type of electrode sheet 2c, and the fourth type of electrode sheet 2d; and the mechanical cutter is configured to correspond to the main circuit electrode 2 based on the type of the dedicated function expansion module.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, when the main cutting module 1 is not spliced ​​with the dedicated function expansion module, the main circuit electrode 2 is the first type of electrode sheet 2a, and the first type of electrode sheet 2a has a preset weak section 201.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, when the dedicated function expansion module is configured as the arc voltage harvesting module 3, the main circuit electrode 2 is a second type of electrode sheet 2b. The second type of electrode sheet 2b includes a first connecting part 21, a second connecting part 22, and a splicing part 202 for splicing the arc voltage harvesting module 3. The first connecting part 21 has a preset weak section 201. The first connecting part 21 and the second connecting part 22 are connected by the fusible structure 31 of the arc voltage harvesting module 3. The splicing part 202 is a sawtooth structure 202a and is disposed on the side wall along the width direction between the first connecting part 21 and the second connecting part 22 to facilitate positioning and cooperation with the arc voltage harvesting housing 31.

[0046] like Figure 9 As shown, when the dedicated function expansion module is configured as the current detection module 4, the main circuit electrode 2 is a third type of electrode sheet 2c. The third type of electrode sheet 2c has a preset weak section 201 and a splicing part for splicing the current detection module 4. The splicing part is a plate-shaped structure 202b, which is set on the first connecting part 21 to splice the current detection module 4.

[0047] like Figure 14 As shown, when the dedicated function expansion module is configured as the arc voltage harvesting module and the current detection module, the main circuit electrode 2 is a fourth type electrode sheet 2d. The fourth type electrode sheet 2d includes a first connecting part 21, a second connecting part 22, and a splicing part 202 (such as a sawtooth structure 202a and a plate structure 202b) for splicing the arc voltage harvesting module 3 and the current detection module 4. The first connecting part 21 has a preset weak section 201. The first connecting part 21 and the second connecting part 22 are connected by the fuse structure 31 of the arc voltage harvesting module 3. In this embodiment, the sawtooth structure 202a is disposed on the side wall position along the width direction between the first connecting part 21 and the second connecting part 22 to splice the arc voltage harvesting housing 32, and the plate structure is disposed on the first connecting part 21 to splice the current detection module 4.

[0048] In practical implementation, by defining the above four types of standardized electrode plates, the cutting main module 1 with the same rated parameters only needs to be paired with the corresponding type of main circuit electrode 2 and dedicated function expansion module to form four functional models of mechanical cutters: active type, active-passive integrated type, main inspection integrated type and full-function type.

[0049] Please see Figures 1-4The active cutter consists of a cutting main module 1 and a first type of electrode plate 2a, suitable for applications requiring only external signal activation. The first type of electrode plate 2a is an integral copper busbar with a preset weak section 201, and the cutting main module 1 is not connected to any dedicated function expansion modules. In this case, the mechanical cutter only has the most basic active activation function, receiving a trigger signal through an external interface to achieve cutting, suitable for simple applications requiring only remote control of the cut.

[0050] Please see Figures 5-7 The active-passive integrated cut-off device is composed of a cut-off main module 1, an arc voltage energy harvesting module 3, and a second type of electrode plate 2b, corresponding to application scenarios requiring dual protection of active triggering and passive triggering in the event of system power failure. The second type of electrode plate 2b includes a first connecting part 21, a second connecting part 22, and a sawtooth structure 202a. The first connecting part 21 and the second connecting part 22 are bridged by the fuse structure 31 of the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3. At this time, the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 is the core passive triggering unit: when the system is powered normally and a short circuit / overload fault occurs, it relies on the arc voltage generated on the fuse structure 31 by the fault current to passively drive the trigger 13 to complete the passive protection and undertake the main protection function under normal fault conditions; at the same time, it has the backup self-triggering capability in extreme scenarios of system power failure, and can still independently cut off when the external power supply fails, taking into account both normal protection and power failure backup functions.

[0051] Please see Figures 8-10 The integrated main-inspection cut-off device consists of a main cutting module 1, a current detection module 4, and a third-type electrode plate 2c, designed for applications requiring both active triggering and fault current self-triggering protection. The third-type electrode plate 2c adds a plate-like structure 202b to the preset weak section 201, with the dedicated function expansion module corresponding to the current detection module 4. In this configuration, the mechanical cut-off device possesses both active triggering and fault current self-triggering protection mechanisms, enabling real-time monitoring of the main circuit current and automatic triggering of disconnection upon detection of a short circuit or overcurrent fault, resulting in extremely fast response.

[0052] like Figure 10 As shown, the current detection module 4 is connected to the trigger 13 through the main control module. It should be understood that, although the main control module is not shown in other types of mechanical cut-off devices, a corresponding main control module can also be set to realize signal transmission and logic control between various components, which are all conventional knowledge known to those skilled in the art.

[0053] Please see Figures 11-15The full-function cutter consists of a cut-off main module 1, an arc voltage energy harvesting module 3, a current detection module 4, and a fourth type of electrode plate 2d, designed for high-safety applications requiring comprehensive redundant protection. The fourth type of electrode plate 2d integrates a preset weak section 201 and a splicing part 202, and connects the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 via a first connecting part 21, a second connecting part 22, and a fuse structure 31. The dedicated function expansion module is configured as the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 and the current detection module 4. In this case, when the system is normally powered and a short circuit / overload fault occurs, the current detection module 4 triggers the protection, while the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 remains in standby mode. Only in extreme scenarios such as system power failure, external power supply failure, or current detection link paralysis does the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 passively harvest energy from the faulty arc and independently complete the cut-off, serving only as a fallback protection function in extreme power failure scenarios. The mechanical cut-off device has a triple redundant protection mechanism, which includes active triggering, fault current self-triggering, and arc voltage energy extraction passive triggering. This forms a comprehensive protection system covering active control, fault self-sensing, and extreme power loss scenarios, making it suitable for applications such as energy storage systems and new energy vehicles with extremely high safety requirements.

[0054] The above four types of electrode plates have the same interface size and installation method as the cutting main module 1. No structural changes need to be made to the cutting main module 1. Different functional configurations can be adapted simply by replacing the electrode plates, which truly realizes the complete universality of core components and the high flexibility of functional combinations.

[0055] Therefore, based on the same rated parameters, the main cutting module 1 can be quickly combined with corresponding electrode plates and dedicated function expansion modules to create at least four product models: active cutters, active-passive integrated cutters, main detection integrated cutters, and full-function cutters. This combination method allows users to flexibly assemble products with different functional types as needed, by only needing to stock one general-purpose main module and a limited number of standardized electrode plates and function modules.

[0056] It should be noted that the four types of electrode sheets and four functional models listed in this embodiment are only an exemplary classification method. Those skilled in the art can design corresponding electrode sheet categories according to actual needs, while maintaining the universality of the main cutting module 1, for different electrode interface 11a specifications, different installation spaces, or the addition of other functional modules (such as temperature monitoring modules, wireless communication modules, etc.), all of which fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0057] In summary, the modular mechanical cutter provided in this embodiment, by disassembling the cutter into a universal cutting main module and selectively combinable arc voltage energy harvesting and current detection modules, and configuring them with matching standardized main circuit electrodes, achieves complete universality of core components and free combination of functional modules. This effectively overcomes the problem of repetitive development caused by traditional integrated designs, significantly reduces R&D and mold costs, and shortens the product launch cycle. Simultaneously, this cutter integrates multiple protection mechanisms, including external active triggering, fault current self-triggering, and arc voltage energy harvesting passive triggering, providing a fast and reliable all-scenario safety protection solution for high-voltage, high-current circuits.

[0058] Based on the aforementioned mechanical cutter, this embodiment also provides an assembly method for a modular mechanical cutter, comprising the following steps: A cutting main module 1 is provided, the cutting main module 1 includes a housing 11 and a mechanical cutting structure 12 and a trigger 13 disposed in the housing 11; the housing 11 is provided with an electrode interface 11a, and the external interface integrated board 14 is provided with multiple sets of independent terminals; the trigger 13 is electrically connected to the external interface integrated board 14. Based on the target function type of the cutter to be assembled, select the main circuit electrode 2 with the corresponding splicing structure 202 and at least one dedicated function expansion module. The selected main circuit electrode 2 is inserted and fixed to the electrode interface 11a, and the selected special function expansion module is spliced ​​onto the splicing part 202 of the main circuit electrode 2. The dedicated function expansion module is electrically connected to the independent terminal on the external interface integration board 14.

[0059] In practical implementation, the internal structure of the main cutting module 1, the specific structure of the dedicated functional expansion modules (such as the arc voltage energy harvesting module 3 and / or the current detection module 4) and their splicing method with the main circuit electrode 2, the detailed characteristics of different types of electrode plates and their correspondence with each functional model, etc., can all be referred to the relevant descriptions of the spliced ​​modular mechanical cutter in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. This assembly method embodies the modular design concept. By flexibly combining the same universal main cutting module 1 with different types of main circuit electrodes 2 and dedicated functional expansion modules, cutter products that meet different protection requirements can be quickly assembled.

[0060] Although this document frequently uses terms such as cut-off main module, dedicated function expansion module, main circuit electrode, and external interface integration board, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular, splicing mechanical cutter, characterized in that, include: The cutting main module includes a housing and a mechanical cutting structure and a trigger disposed within the housing; the housing is provided with an electrode interface; An external interface integrated board, wherein the trigger is electrically connected to the external interface integrated board; The main circuit electrode is inserted through the housing and fixedly connected to the electrode interface. The main circuit electrode is provided with a preset weak section, and the mechanical separation structure is arranged relative to the preset weak section. The main circuit electrode is provided with at least one splicing part, which is used to connect a dedicated function expansion module to fix the dedicated function expansion module on the main circuit electrode; the external interface integration board is electrically connected to the dedicated function expansion module.

2. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external interface integration board is provided with multiple sets of independent terminals, which are electrically connected to the dedicated function expansion module through the independent terminals. The multiple sets of independent terminals include a trigger signal terminal group, a power terminal group, and a dry contact status signal terminal group. The power terminal group, the dry contact status signal terminal group, and the trigger signal terminal group are electrically isolated from each other. When the dedicated function expansion module is spliced ​​onto the main circuit electrode, the trigger signal terminal group electrically connects the trigger output terminal of the dedicated function expansion module to the trigger terminal of the trigger.

3. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing has a wiring groove, and the connecting wires between the external interface integration board and the dedicated function expansion module are accommodated in the wiring groove.

4. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splicing part is a sawtooth structure on the main circuit electrode, and / or the splicing part is a plate-like structure on the main circuit electrode.

5. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dedicated function expansion module is an arc voltage energy harvesting module and / or a current detection module.

6. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc voltage power harvesting module includes a fuse structure and an arc voltage power harvesting housing. The arc voltage power harvesting housing integrates a boost power harvesting drive circuit. When the dedicated function expansion module includes the arc voltage power harvesting module, the fuse structure is connected in series with the main circuit electrode, the arc voltage power harvesting housing is fixed on the main circuit electrode, and the boost power harvesting drive circuit is connected in parallel with the fuse structure.

7. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current detection module integrates a current detection circuit; when the dedicated function expansion module is a current detection module, the splicing part is a plate-shaped structure on the main circuit electrode; the current detection module is sleeved on the plate-shaped structure.

8. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing is provided with a foolproof connector, and the pins of the foolproof connector are connected to independent terminals on the external interface integration board.

9. The modular mechanical cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The main circuit electrode is one of the following: a first type of electrode sheet, a second type of electrode sheet, a third type of electrode sheet, and a fourth type of electrode sheet; and the mechanical cutter is configured to correspond to the main circuit electrode based on the type of the dedicated function expansion module, wherein: When the main cutting module is not spliced ​​with the dedicated function expansion module, the main circuit electrode is the first type of electrode sheet, and the first type of electrode sheet has a preset weak section. When the dedicated function expansion module is configured as the arc voltage energy harvesting module, the main circuit electrode is a second type of electrode sheet. The second type of electrode sheet includes a first connecting part, a second connecting part, and a splicing part for splicing the arc voltage energy harvesting module. The first connecting part has a preset weak section. The first connecting part and the second connecting part are connected by the fuse structure of the arc voltage energy harvesting module. When the dedicated function expansion module is configured as the current detection module, the main circuit electrode is a third type of electrode sheet, which has a preset weak section and a splicing part for splicing the current detection module. When the dedicated function expansion module is configured as the arc voltage energy harvesting module and the current detection module, the main circuit electrode is a fourth type of electrode sheet. The fourth type of electrode sheet includes a first connecting part, a second connecting part, and a splicing part for splicing the arc voltage energy harvesting module and the current detection module. The first connecting part has a preset weak section, and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are connected by the fuse structure of the arc voltage energy harvesting module.

10. The modular mechanical cutter according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the cutting main module based on the same rated parameters is combined with the corresponding type of main circuit electrode and the dedicated function expansion module, at least four functional models of mechanical cutters can be formed: An active cutter is composed of the cutter body module and the first type of electrode sheet; The active-passive integrated cutter is composed of the cutter body module, the arc voltage energy harvesting module and the second type of electrode plate; The integrated main inspection cutter is composed of the cutter body module, the current detection module and the third type of electrode plate; The full-function cutter is composed of the cutter body module, the arc voltage energy harvesting module, the current detection module, and the fourth type of electrode plate.

11. An assembly method for a modular mechanical cutter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A cutting main module is provided, the cutting main module including a housing and a mechanical cutting structure, a trigger and a circuit breaker disposed within the housing; the housing is provided with an electrode interface; an external interface integrated board, the trigger and the external interface integrated board being electrically connected; Based on the target function type of the cutter to be assembled, select a main circuit electrode with a corresponding splicing structure and at least one dedicated function expansion module. The selected main circuit electrode is inserted and fixed to the electrode interface, and the selected special function expansion module is spliced ​​onto the splicing part of the main circuit electrode. The dedicated function expansion module is electrically connected to the external interface integration board.

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