Guard, box and battery pack

Abstract

The application discloses a protection piece, a box body and a battery pack. The protection piece comprises a body, an inner cavity is formed in the body, a deformation recovery piece is arranged in the inner cavity, and the deformation recovery piece is configured to provide a recovery driving force to recover at least partial deformation of the body when the body is deformed due to impact. By arranging the deformation recovery piece, the driving force can be provided to recover at least partial deformation after the body is deformed due to impact, the protection piece can be kept in a better protection state, the influence of deformation on the battery protection capability is reduced, and the protection performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a protective component, a housing, and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In the battery industry, protective plates are a commonly used enclosure protection structure. Their main function is to reduce the damage to the battery when it is subjected to external impacts.

[0003] However, the protective plates of related technologies undergo permanent structural changes after absorbing impact energy and deforming, resulting in a decrease in their protective performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a protective component, a housing, and a battery pack to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a protective component is provided, comprising: a body having an inner cavity formed therein; and a deformation recovery component disposed in the inner cavity, the deformation recovery component being configured to provide a recovery driving force to recover at least part of the deformation of the body when the body is deformed by impact. By providing the deformation recovery component, a driving force can be provided to recover at least part of the deformation after the body is deformed by impact, thereby maintaining the protective component in a better protective state, reducing the impact of deformation on the battery protection capability, improving protection performance, and extending service life.

[0006] Optionally, the deformation recovery component is made of shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloy has precise shape memory properties, which can accurately restore the preset shape after reaching the phase transition temperature, providing a reliable deformation recovery driving force for the protective component, ensuring that the body returns to its original state as much as possible after being impacted, and reducing the degradation of protective performance.

[0007] Optionally, the deformation recovery component has a first form and a second form; the deformation recovery component is configured such that, when the temperature is below a predetermined value, it is disposed in the inner cavity in the first form; when the temperature at the impact point of the body is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the deformation recovery component changes from the first form to the second form to push the body to recover at least part of its deformation. Through the changes in the first and second forms, a precise expansion force is generated when the predetermined temperature is reached, acting on the recessed area to at least partially restore it to its original state, reducing the decrease in protective performance caused by deformation, and achieving efficient use of space and flexible switching of functions.

[0008] Optionally, the body has a force-bearing surface, the normal direction of which is a first direction, and a second direction intersecting the first direction. The dimension of the deformation recovery component in the first direction is less than or equal to the dimension of the deformation recovery component in any other direction. The smaller dimension of the deformation recovery component in the first direction saves space in the internal cavity of the body in the initial state, and can reduce the overall thickness of the protective component in scenarios with strict space layout requirements.

[0009] Optionally, the deformation recovery component has an elliptical profile projected onto a plane perpendicular to the second direction, with the major axis of the elliptical profile parallel to the third direction x; the first direction z, the second direction y, and the third direction x intersect each other. This elliptical profile design, while meeting the deformation recovery function requirements, reduces unnecessary space waste in each direction and keeps the dimensions in the first direction within a smaller range, effectively reducing the overall thickness of the protective component and making the product thinner and lighter.

[0010] Optionally, the minor axis L1 of the elliptical profile satisfies 5 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 7 mm; optionally, the major axis L2 of the elliptical profile satisfies 30 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 50 mm; optionally, the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the elliptical profile, L1 / L2, satisfies 0.1 ≤ L1 / L2 ≤ 0.233. By limiting the minor axis, major axis, and their ratio, excessive space occupation due to an excessively large ratio or reduced recovery capacity due to an excessively small ratio is avoided, ensuring a balance between structural compactness and deformation recovery capacity.

[0011] Optionally, the deformation recovery component includes a helical structure extending helically along a second direction; alternatively, the deformation recovery component includes a strip extending along the second direction as its length direction; alternatively, the deformation recovery component includes a spring plate extending in a wavy shape, with the direction of extension from the crest to the trough of the spring plate parallel to the second direction. The helical structure can uniformly distribute the recovery force, the strip can cover a large area to provide extensive deformation recovery support, and the spring plate absorbs and disperses the impact force and provides recovery force through wavy elastic deformation, thereby improving the adaptability to impact conditions.

[0012] Optionally, the protective component includes multiple deformation recovery components arranged in an array. This array arrangement ensures the multiple deformation recovery components are evenly distributed within the internal cavity of the body, working collaboratively to absorb and disperse the impact force upon impact. It also facilitates the replacement or repair of individual or multiple deformation recovery components as needed.

[0013] Optionally, the inner cavity is provided with multiple isolation structures, which divide the inner cavity into multiple sub-chambers for accommodating the deformation recovery components. The isolation structures divide the inner cavity into multiple sub-chambers, which can precisely control the layout of the deformation recovery components, prevent multiple deformation recovery components from contacting or entangled with each other, and ensure that each deformation recovery component independently performs its deformation recovery function.

[0014] Optionally, the spacing L3 between two adjacent deformation recovery components satisfies 0 < L3 ≤ 30 mm. By setting the spacing to less than 30 mm, it can be ensured that in most impact scenarios, at least one deformation recovery component is located in the dent area, directly participating in the impact energy absorption and deformation recovery process, thereby improving the adaptability to complex impact scenarios.

[0015] Optionally, the body can be a planar plate, an arc-shaped plate, or a bent plate structure. Planar plate structures are simple to manufacture and have low cost, arc-shaped plate structures can better conform to the curved surface of the protected object to reduce stress concentration, and bent plate structures are suitable for multi-directional protection scenarios, achieving adaptability to diverse application scenarios.

[0016] Optionally, the main body is a one-piece molded structure; or, the main body includes a first sub-body and a second sub-body, which are connected and enclosed to form an inner cavity. The one-piece molded structure eliminates stress concentration points, has high structural integrity, and strong impact resistance; the split structure simplifies the manufacturing difficulty of molds with complex shapes and meets the diverse layout requirements of deformation recovery parts.

[0017] Optionally, the inner cavity is filled with a damping medium, and the deformation recovery component is embedded in the damping medium. The damping medium itself has a buffering effect, and together with the deformation recovery component, it forms a dual buffering system. The damping medium acts as the first-level buffer to absorb low-energy impacts, while the deformation recovery component acts as the second-level buffer to absorb high-energy impacts, thereby improving impact resistance and structural reliability.

[0018] Optionally, the damping medium is filled in the gap area between adjacent deformation recovery components, and in the gap area between the deformation recovery component and the inner wall of the cavity. The damping medium filling the gap area serves to fix the position of the deformation recovery component, prevent it from loosening, and enhance the overall buffering effect.

[0019] Optionally, the protective element includes an adhesive element connected between the damping medium and the inner wall of the cavity.

[0020] According to a second aspect of this application, a housing is provided, including any of the protective elements described above.

[0021] According to a third aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, including a protective element or housing as described above.

[0022] The protective component of this application embodiment, by providing a deformation recovery component, can provide a driving force to recover at least part of the deformation of the main body after the main body is deformed by impact, thereby enabling the protective component to maintain a better protective state, reducing the impact of deformation on the battery protection capability, and improving the protection performance.

[0023] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the protective component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the protective component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the protective component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spiral structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the strip provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the isolation structure / damping medium provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Protective components; 10. Main body; 11. Inner cavity; 12. Force-bearing surface; 13. First sub-body; 14. Second sub-body; 20. Deformation recovery component; 21. Strip component; 22. Spring clip; 23. Spiral structural component; 30. Isolation structure; 31. Sub-chamber; 40. Damping medium; 50. Adhesive components. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0028] In the battery industry, protective plates are a commonly used enclosure protection structure. Their main function is to reduce the damage to the battery when it is subjected to external impacts.

[0029] However, the protective plates of related technologies undergo permanent structural changes after absorbing impact energy and deforming, resulting in a decrease in their protective performance.

[0030] Regarding the above technical issues, firstly, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 This application provides a protective component 1, including: a body 10 having an inner cavity 11 formed therein; and a deformation recovery component 20 disposed in the inner cavity 11. The deformation recovery component 20 is configured to provide a recovery driving force to restore at least part of the deformation of the body 10 when the body 10 is deformed by impact.

[0031] The body 10 forms the basic structure of the protective component 1, and has an internal cavity 11. For example, the body 10 is made of a rigid material with a certain strength and hardness to provide support and protection for the battery. When subjected to a small impact, the body 10 will not easily deform excessively and damage the internal structure. Significant deformation will only occur when the impact force reaches a predetermined value.

[0032] The deformation recovery component 20 is disposed in the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 to realize the deformation recovery function of the protective component 1. The deformation recovery component 20 can have various possible forms, such as a spring or a shape memory alloy with a three-dimensional structure. Different deformation recovery component materials and structures have different working principles and performance characteristics, but they can all realize the function of restoring at least part of the deformation of the body 10 through its own deformation force when the body 10 is deformed by impact.

[0033] When the protective component 1 is applied to the power battery box, whether it forms part of the battery box or is installed on one side of the outer wall of the battery box, the main body 10 will be the first to be subjected to the impact force when the battery box is hit. Since the main body 10 is made of rigid material, under the action of the impact force, the main body 10 will be subjected to local indentation, and the size and depth of the indentation depends on the magnitude and mode of action of the impact force.

[0034] Taking the spring as the deformation recovery component 20 as an example, when the body 10 is subjected to force and indents in an inward region, the spring located in that indented region will be compressed. After being compressed, the spring will generate a spring force in the opposite direction of compression. The magnitude of the spring force is related to the spring constant and the degree of compression. The spring force continuously acts on the indented region, attempting to push the indented region back to its original position. Due to the effect of the spring force, the indented region will gradually undergo deformation recovery, at least partially recovering to its shape before the impact. Even with a large impact force, the degree of indentation can be significantly reduced, and some deformation can be recovered.

[0035] Taking shape memory alloy as the deformation recovery component 20 as an example, when the body 10 is subjected to force and indents into a region, the temperature of the indented region will rise significantly due to compression and friction. Shape memory alloy has the ability to recover its deformation at a certain temperature; that is, when the temperature reaches its deformation temperature, it will return to a predetermined shape. After the temperature of the indented region of the body 10 rises to the deformation temperature of the shape memory alloy, the alloy begins to expand, attempting to return to its previous shape. As the shape memory alloy fully expands to its previous shape, the indented region will at least partially recover to its previous state.

[0036] The protective component 1 of this application embodiment, by providing a deformation recovery component 20, can provide a driving force to recover at least part of the deformation of the main body 10 after it is deformed by impact, thereby enabling the protective component 1 to maintain a better protective state, reducing the impact of deformation on the battery protection capability, and improving the protection performance.

[0037] Furthermore, since the protective component 1 has a deformation recovery function, it can automatically recover part of the deformation after being impacted, reducing material fatigue and damage caused by long-term deformation, thereby extending its service life and reducing replacement costs.

[0038] Optionally, the internal cavity 11 of the body 10 can be designed according to actual needs. For example, the internal cavity 11 can be designed as multiple independent small chambers, each chamber containing a deformation recovery component 20, which can improve the local protection capability of the protective component and make the protection more uniform. Reinforcing ribs or protrusions can also be provided on the surface of the body 10 to enhance its strength and impact resistance, while working in conjunction with the deformation recovery component 20 to improve the overall performance of the protective component.

[0039] Optionally, although protective component 1 is mainly used in power battery housings, its principle and structure can be extended to other areas requiring protection. For example, this resilient protective component can be applied to electronic device housings, mechanical equipment protective covers, and vehicle parts.

[0040] Optionally, other functions, such as sensors and heat dissipation structures, can be integrated into the protective component 1. By installing pressure sensors and temperature sensors on the main body 10 or the deformation recovery component 20, the impact force and deformation of the protective component can be monitored in real time. Incorporating heat dissipation structures, such as heat sinks, into the protective component can help dissipate heat from the battery housing.

[0041] In some embodiments, the deformation recovery component 20 is made of shape memory alloy.

[0042] Specifically, the deformation recovery component 20 is made of shape memory alloy, which can recover to a pre-set shape under specific conditions, making it a preferred material for realizing the deformation recovery function of the protective component 1. Shape memory alloy can be made into a three-dimensional shape to better adapt to the space of the inner cavity 11 and fully utilize its deformation recovery capability.

[0043] When protective component 1 is applied to a power battery housing, if the battery housing is subjected to an impact, the main body 10 bears the impact force. Since the main body 10 is a rigid material, under the impact force, the stressed area of ​​the main body 10 will indent inward, forming a region. The shape memory alloy deformation recovery component 20 located near the indented region will generate heat due to compression and friction, causing a significant temperature increase. Shape memory alloys have a specific deformation temperature; when the temperature of the indented region rises to the deformation temperature of the shape memory alloy, the alloy begins to deform. During deformation, the shape memory alloy gradually expands and attempts to return to its previously set shape. The expansion force generated by the shape memory alloy continues to act on the indented region, pushing it outward. As the shape memory alloy fully expands to its previous shape, the indented region will at least partially return to its state before the impact, thus achieving deformation recovery of protective component 1.

[0044] The shape memory alloy in this embodiment has precise shape memory characteristics, which can accurately restore the pre-set shape after reaching the phase transformation temperature. This allows the deformation recovery component 20 to provide a reliable deformation recovery driving force for the protective component 1, ensuring that the body 10 can restore to its original state as much as possible after being impacted, and reducing the decline in protective performance caused by deformation.

[0045] Furthermore, since shape memory alloys can be made into various three-dimensional structures according to different design requirements, the deformation recovery component 20 can better adapt to the shape of the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 and the mode of impact force. Whether it is a local small-scale impact or a large-area impact, shape memory alloys can play a good deformation recovery effect, improving the adaptability of the protective component 1 to complex impact conditions.

[0046] Optionally, the structure of the protective component 1 and the performance of the deformation recovery component 20 can be adapted according to different application scenarios and requirements. For example, for scenarios with extremely high protection requirements, higher performance shape memory alloy materials and more complex three-dimensional structures can be used; for scenarios with strict weight restrictions, lightweight designs and simple three-dimensional structures can be used to reduce the overall weight of the protective component 1 while ensuring protection performance.

[0047] In some embodiments, the deformation recovery member 20 has a first form and a second form; the deformation recovery member 20 is configured to be disposed in the inner cavity 11 in the first form when the temperature is below a predetermined value; when the temperature at the impact point of the body 10 is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the deformation recovery member 20 changes from the first form to the second form to push the body 10 to recover at least part of the deformation.

[0048] Among them, the deformation recovery component 20 is made of shape memory alloy material. The deformation recovery component 20 has a first shape and a second shape; the second shape is the parent phase shape of the shape memory alloy, and the first shape is the compressed shape under the martensitic phase. After reaching the temperature, it recovers the parent phase shape, thereby pushing the body.

[0049] Specifically, for example, the first form is a spiral shape, which allows the deformation recovery component 20 to be placed relatively compactly in the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 in the initial state, saving space and facilitating installation. The second form is an irregular three-dimensional structure, and the dimension of the second form in the first direction z is larger than the dimension of the first form in the first direction z.

[0050] The deformation recovery component 20 near the dented area generates heat due to compression and friction, causing a significant temperature increase. When the temperature at the deformation point reaches a predetermined value, the material properties of the deformation recovery component 20 are triggered, initiating a transformation from a first form to a second form. During this transformation, because the second form's dimension in the first direction z is larger than the first form, the deformation recovery component 20 generates an expansion force in the first direction z. This expansion force continuously acts on the dented area, pushing it outward. As the deformation recovery component 20 completely transforms into the second form, the dented area at least partially recovers to its state before impact, thus achieving deformation recovery of the protective component 1.

[0051] In this embodiment, the deformation recovery component 20, through first and second morphological changes, can generate precise expansion force when a predetermined temperature is reached, acting on the recessed area of ​​the body 10, causing it to at least partially return to its original state. This deformation recovery capability reduces the decrease in protective performance caused by deformation, ensuring that the protective component 1 can continue to perform its good protective function.

[0052] The first-form deformation recovery component 20 can be compactly placed in the inner cavity 11 in the initial state, making full use of the limited space; when deformation needs to be restored, it can quickly transform into the second form to provide sufficient expansion force, realizing efficient use of space and flexible switching of functions.

[0053] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The body 10 has a force-bearing surface 12, the normal direction of the force-bearing surface 12 is the first direction z, the second direction y intersects the first direction z, and the deformation recovery member 20 has a dimension in the first direction z that is less than or equal to the dimension of the deformation recovery member 20 in any other direction.

[0054] The deformation recovery component 20 has a dimension in the first direction z that is less than or equal to its dimension in the second direction y. Specifically, the deformation recovery component 20 can be designed as a spiral strip, with the spiral coil being elliptical. In this structure, the major axis of the ellipse corresponds to the second direction y, and the minor axis corresponds to the first direction z, allowing the deformation recovery component 20 to be placed relatively compactly within the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 in its initial state. Because its dimension in the first direction z is small, it does not occupy excessive space in that direction of the inner cavity 11, while its relatively large dimension in the second direction y ensures sufficient deformation recovery capability.

[0055] Alternatively, the deformation recovery component 20 can also be designed as a strip with an elliptical cross-section. Similarly, the major axis of the ellipse is in the second direction y, and the minor axis is in the first direction z, thus achieving a balance between compact installation and functional fulfillment.

[0056] In this embodiment, the deformation recovery component 20 has a small dimension in the first direction z, which saves space in the inner cavity 11 of the main body 10 in the initial state. For some protection scenarios with strict requirements for space layout, such as power battery boxes, the compact design allows the deformation recovery component 20 to be smoothly installed in the inner cavity 11, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the protective component 1.

[0057] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 The deformation recovery component 20 is projected onto a plane perpendicular to the second direction y, and the major axis of the elliptical contour is parallel to the third direction x; the first direction z, the second direction y, and the third direction x intersect each other.

[0058] Specifically, the first direction z, the second direction y, and the third direction x are arranged orthogonally in pairs. The deformation recovery component 20 has an elliptical outline when projected onto a plane perpendicular to the second direction y, and its major axis is perpendicular to the third direction x, allowing the deformation recovery component 20 to be placed more rationally within a limited space. Compared to other shapes, the elliptical outline can reduce unnecessary space waste in various directions while meeting the deformation recovery function requirements.

[0059] Specifically, the elliptical profile design of the deformation recovery component 20, due to its specific major and minor axis ratio in a plane perpendicular to the second direction y, allows for a smaller dimension in the first direction z while covering a larger area in the second direction y, ensuring sufficient strength and deformation recovery capability. Thus, when the deformation recovery component 20 is installed on the body 10, it does not cause excessive thickness in the first direction z, effectively reducing the overall thickness of the protective component 1 and making the product thinner and lighter.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The minor axis L1 of the elliptical profile satisfies 5mm≤L1≤7mm; and / or the major axis L2 of the elliptical profile satisfies 30mm≤L2≤50mm; and / or the ratio L1 / L2 of the minor axis to the major axis of the elliptical profile satisfies 0.1≤L1 / L2≤0.233.

[0061] The elliptical profile has a minor axis L1 and a major axis L2. The minor axis L1 satisfies 5mm≤L1≤7mm, for example, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 7mm.

[0062] The major axis L2 satisfies 30mm≤L2≤50mm, for example, 30mm, 34mm, 44mm, 50mm.

[0063] The ratio of the minor axis to the major axis, L1 / L2, satisfies 0.1≤L1 / L2≤0.233, for example, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.23.

[0064] When the L1 / L2 ratio is too large, meaning the minor axis L1 is relatively large, the elliptical profile's dimension along the minor axis increases significantly, and the overall shape becomes more circular. For example, if the minor axis L1 exceeds 7 mm while the major axis L2 is less than 30 mm, then L1 / L2 is close to 0.233. The ellipse's extension along the minor axis is quite noticeable, and compared to a normally proportioned ellipse, its width along the minor axis increases, resulting in the entire structure occupying too much space in the first direction z.

[0065] When the L1 / L2 ratio is too small, that is, when the major axis L2 is relatively large, the size of the elliptical profile in the major axis direction increases significantly, and the overall shape becomes flatter. For example, if the minor axis L1 is less than 5 mm and the major axis L2 is more than 50 mm, then L1 / L2 is close to 0.1, and its ability to recover its shape will be relatively reduced.

[0066] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 The deformation recovery component 20 includes a spiral structure 23, which extends spirally along the second direction y.

[0067] The spiral structural component 23 is made of shape memory alloy, which can restore its pre-set shape when it reaches a predetermined deformation temperature. The first form of the spiral structural component 23 can be a relatively compact spiral shape, which is convenient to install in the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 without occupying too much space. When subjected to impact and reaching a predetermined temperature, the spiral structural component 23 will gradually expand and transform into a second form, namely an irregular three-dimensional structure, to generate sufficient restoring force.

[0068] In this embodiment, the spiral structure 23 exists in a compact spiral shape in its initial state, effectively utilizing the limited space of the inner cavity 11 of the body 10. Furthermore, the design of the spiral structure 23 allows the deformation recovery component 20 to better adapt to inner cavities 11 of different shapes and sizes, as well as different types of impact forces. Whether it is a localized, small-scale impact or a large-area impact, the spiral structure 23 can evenly distribute the recovery force through its spiral extension, improving its adaptability to impact conditions.

[0069] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The deformation recovery component 20 includes a strip 21, the length direction of which is parallel to the second direction y.

[0070] The strip 21 extends along a second direction y. Specifically, the strip 21 can be made of various materials with elasticity and deformation recovery capabilities, such as a rubber rod, a spring, or a shape memory alloy strip. For example, a rubber rod can deform under external force and quickly return to its original shape after the force is removed. When the strip 21 uses a shape memory alloy strip, it can recover a pre-set shape upon reaching a predetermined temperature, providing deformation recovery force.

[0071] In this embodiment, the strip 21 extends along the second direction y, which can cover a large area in the inner cavity 11 of the body 10, thereby providing extensive deformation recovery support when the body 10 is impacted, and improving the overall protective performance.

[0072] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 The deformation recovery component 20 includes a spring piece 22, which extends in a wave shape, and the direction of the extension of the spring piece 22 from the crest to the trough is parallel to the second direction y.

[0073] When subjected to external force, the spring piece 22 can absorb and disperse the impact force through the elastic deformation of its wave-shaped structure, while providing restoring force when the body 10 deforms. Specifically, the spring piece 22 can be made of a highly elastic metal material, possessing good elasticity and fatigue resistance, and can maintain a stable restoring force even after multiple deformations. The wave-shaped structure of the spring piece 22 can be designed according to actual needs, including the number and height of crests and troughs, as well as the curvature of the waves, to adapt to different deformation recovery requirements and the shape of the inner cavity 11.

[0074] The wave-shaped structure of the spring piece 22 in this embodiment enables it to undergo elastic deformation when impacted, absorbing and dispersing the impact force and reducing direct damage to the body 10. When the impact force disappears, the wave-shaped structure of the spring piece 22 will gradually return to its original shape, providing restoring force to restore at least part of the deformation of the body 10, thereby maintaining the protective performance of the protective component 1.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The protective component 1 includes multiple deformation recovery components 20, which are arranged in an array.

[0076] The protective component 1 is specifically designed to include multiple deformation recovery components 20, which are arranged in an array along the second direction y and the third direction x. Specifically, the array arrangement can be a regular rectangular array, a circular array, or other polygonal arrays, depending on the application scenario of the protective component 1 and the shape of the inner cavity 11. Each deformation recovery component 20 can be an independent individual, such as a spiral structure, a strip, or a spring, or it can be a combined structure interconnected by connectors.

[0077] The array distribution design allows the deformation recovery components 20 to be evenly distributed within the inner cavity 11 of the body 10. This enables multiple deformation recovery components 20 to work collaboratively to absorb and disperse the impact force when the body 10 is subjected to an impact. Furthermore, the arrayed layout of the deformation recovery components 20 facilitates the replacement or repair of individual or multiple components 20 according to actual needs.

[0078] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 The inner cavity 11 is provided with an isolation structure 30, which divides the inner cavity 11 into multiple sub-cavities 31 for accommodating the deformation recovery component 20.

[0079] The isolation structure 30 can be made of various materials, such as plastic, metal, colloid, or composite materials. Furthermore, the shape and size of the isolation structure 30 can be customized according to the shape of the inner cavity 11 and the layout of the deformation recovery components 20 to achieve optimal separation effect and space utilization.

[0080] In this embodiment, the inner cavity 11 is divided into multiple sub-chambers 31 by the isolation structure 30, which allows for more precise control over the layout of the deformation recovery components 20. Each sub-chamber 31 can independently accommodate one or more deformation recovery components 20, enabling the deformation recovery components 20 to be evenly distributed according to design requirements. Thus, when the body 10 is subjected to impact, multiple deformation recovery components 20 can work together to absorb and disperse the impact force, thereby improving the overall deformation recovery performance.

[0081] Without the isolation structure 30, multiple deformation recovery components 20 may come into contact or become entangled in the inner cavity 11, preventing them from fully exerting their deformation recovery capabilities when subjected to impact. In this embodiment, the isolation structure 30 effectively separates the various deformation recovery components 20, preventing mutual interference between them and ensuring that each deformation recovery component 20 can independently perform its deformation recovery function.

[0082] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The spacing L3 between two adjacent deformation recovery parts 20 satisfies 0 < L3 ≤ 30 mm.

[0083] Statistical data shows that after impact, approximately 80% of the protective components 1 have dents with diameters between 30 and 60 mm. Therefore, by setting the spacing L3 of the deformation recovery components 20 to less than 30 mm, it can be ensured that in most impact scenarios, at least one deformation recovery component 20 is located within the dent area, thereby directly participating in the absorption of impact energy and the deformation recovery process.

[0084] When an impact force is applied to the protective component 1, the deformation recovery component 20 located in the dent area will deform first, absorb the main impact energy, and provide the main recovery force; while the adjacent deformation recovery component 20 provides auxiliary recovery force through elastic support or local deformation.

[0085] The dense arrangement of the deformation recovery components 20 in this embodiment ensures that no matter where the pit appears in the inner cavity 11, there are deformation recovery components 20 that can cover its area, which improves the adaptability of the protective component 1 to complex impact scenarios and enhances its reliability in practical applications.

[0086] In some embodiments, the body 10 is a planar plate, an arcuate plate, or a bent plate structure.

[0087] The body 10 is a flat plate-like structure with high surface flatness, suitable for protection scenarios with large planar dimensions, such as the bottom of a battery box. The inner cavity 11 extends along the planar direction, and the deformation recovery components 20 are evenly distributed in an array within the inner cavity 11. The spacing L3 between adjacent deformation recovery components 20 is optimized according to the impact energy distribution. The planar plate-like structure is simple to process, low in cost, and easy to install in close contact with the protected object.

[0088] When the body 10 is curved, the radius of curvature is customized according to the protection requirements, making it suitable for scenarios such as the outer wall of pipes and the surface of curved equipment. The inner cavity 11 extends along the curved arc, and the deformation recovery components 20 are densely arranged along the arc direction to adapt to the diffusion path of impact force on the curved surface. The arc-shaped plate structure can better fit the object being protected on the curved surface, reduce local stress concentration, and disperse impact energy through curved surface deformation.

[0089] When the main body 10 is formed by connecting multiple planar segments through a bending process, it creates a polygonal three-dimensional structure, such as an L-shape, U-shape, or Z-shape. The inner cavity 11 requires rounded corners at the bends to avoid stress concentration. Deformation recovery components 20 are distributed in an array within the planar segments. Reinforcing ribs can be added at the bends, or the density of the deformation recovery components 20 can be adjusted to enhance structural rigidity. The bent plate structure is suitable for scenarios requiring multi-directional protection, such as box corners and frame structures, and can simultaneously withstand impacts from different directions.

[0090] This embodiment achieves adaptation to diverse application scenarios by designing the body 10 as a planar plate, an arc-shaped plate, or a bent plate structure.

[0091] In some embodiments, the body 10 is a one-piece molded structure.

[0092] Among them, the one-piece molding adopts injection molding and die casting molding processes. The one-piece molding structure eliminates stress concentration points, has high structural integrity, and strong impact resistance.

[0093] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The main body 10 includes a first sub-body 13 and a second sub-body 14, which are connected and enclosed to form an inner cavity 11.

[0094] The first sub-body 13 and the second sub-body 14 are joined together by a connection process to form a closed inner cavity 11, such as welding, gluing, or mechanical connection. The first sub-body 13 and the second sub-body 14 can be designed with different geometries, and then joined together to form a complex inner cavity 11, meeting the diverse layout requirements of the deformation recovery part 20. For example, in an arc-shaped or bent plate-shaped body 10, a split structure can simplify the mold manufacturing process.

[0095] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The inner cavity 11 is filled with a damping medium 40, and the deformation recovery component 20 is embedded in the damping medium 40.

[0096] In this design, the damping medium 40 filling the inner cavity 11 is made of expanding foam. Deformation recovery components 20 are embedded in the expanding foam in an array. The cured expanding foam adheres tightly to the wall of the inner cavity 11 and the surface of the deformation recovery components 20, preventing displacement or loosening of the deformation recovery components 20 during impact. Furthermore, the expanding foam can divide the inner cavity 11 into multiple independent buffer units, with each deformation recovery component 20 encased in a localized expanding foam, avoiding mutual interference between adjacent deformation recovery components 20 during impact.

[0097] In this embodiment, the damping medium 40 itself has a buffering function, and together with the deformation recovery component 20, it forms a dual buffering system. The damping medium 40 acts as the first-level buffer, absorbing low-energy impacts through its own large deformation; the deformation recovery component 20 acts as the second-level buffer, absorbing high-energy impacts through local deformation. The combination of the damping medium 40 and the deformation recovery component 20 improves the impact resistance and structural reliability of the protective component 1.

[0098] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The damping medium 40 fills the gap area between adjacent deformation recovery members 20, and the gap area between the deformation recovery member 20 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 11.

[0099] Specifically, the damping medium 40 can be made of materials such as expanding foam. After curing, the expanding foam can be tightly bonded to the wall of the inner cavity 11 and the surface of the deformation recovery component 20 to form a stable structure.

[0100] The deformation recovery component 20 can be made of shape memory alloy, spring, or other materials with elasticity and deformation recovery capability. Its shape and layout are designed according to the specific shape and protection requirements of the inner cavity 11. For example, the deformation recovery component 20 can be a spiral structure 23, a strip 21, or a spring 22, etc., and can be distributed in an array in the inner cavity 11.

[0101] The damping medium 40 is filled between the deformation recovery parts 20 and between the deformation recovery parts 20 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 11, which plays a role in fixing the position of the deformation recovery parts 20, preventing them from loosening, and enhancing the overall buffering effect.

[0102] When the protective component 1 is subjected to external impact, the damping medium 40 comes into play. Due to its large deformation characteristics, the damping medium 40 can absorb part of the energy impact, reduce the impact force on the body 10, and play a first-level buffering role.

[0103] The deformation recovery element 20 located within the dent area serves as a secondary buffer and restores the deformation. For example, if the deformation recovery element 20 is made of shape memory alloy, when the temperature of the dent area rises to the deformation temperature of the shape memory alloy due to compression and friction, the shape memory alloy begins to expand, generating a restoring force to attempt to return to a pre-set shape, pushing the dent area outward. If a spring is used as the deformation recovery element 20, the spring will generate elastic force after being compressed, which also acts on the dent area to help it restore its original shape.

[0104] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The protective component 1 includes an adhesive component 50, which is connected between the damping medium 40 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 11.

[0105] Specifically, the adhesive 50 can be made of double-sided tape or other high-strength adhesive materials, with one side tightly adhered to the inner wall of the inner cavity 11 and the other side bonded to the damping medium 40.

[0106] The adhesive 50 enhances the connection strength between the damping medium 40 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 11, effectively preventing the damping medium 40 from loosening or shifting when subjected to impact.

[0107] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a housing, including a protective member 1 as described above. The protective member 1 is part of the housing itself, or is disposed in close contact with one side of the housing.

[0108] Thirdly, an embodiment of this application provides a battery pack, including a protective element 1 or a housing as described above.

[0109] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0110] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0111] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0112] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A protective component (1), characterized in that, include: The body (10) has an internal cavity (11) formed inside it; A deformation recovery member (20) is disposed in the inner cavity (11) and is configured to provide a recovery driving force to recover at least part of the deformation of the body (10) when the body (10) is deformed by impact.

2. The protective component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation recovery component (20) is made of shape memory alloy.

3. The protective component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation recovery component (20) has a first shape and a second shape; The deformation recovery member (20) is configured to be disposed in the inner cavity (11) in the first form when the temperature is below a predetermined value; When the temperature at the impact point of the body (10) is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the deformation recovery member (20) changes from the first form to the second form to push the body (10) to recover at least part of the deformation.

4. The protective component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body (10) has a force-bearing surface (12), the normal direction of the force-bearing surface (12) is a first direction (z), and the size of the deformation recovery member (20) in the first direction (z) is less than or equal to the size of the deformation recovery member (20) in other directions.

5. The protective component (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The deformation recovery component (20) is projected onto a plane perpendicular to the second direction (y) in an elliptical outline, and the major axis of the elliptical outline is parallel to the third direction (x); the first direction (z), the second direction (y), and the third direction (x) intersect each other.

6. The protective component (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, Meet at least one of the following: The minor axis L1 of the elliptical profile satisfies 5 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 7 mm; The major axis L2 of the elliptical profile satisfies 30 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 50 mm; The ratio L1 / L2 of the minor axis to the major axis of the elliptical profile satisfies 0.1≤L1 / L2≤0.

233.

7. The protective component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation recovery component (20) includes at least one of the following: A1) The deformation recovery component (20) includes a helical structure (23) that extends helically along a second direction (y); A2) The deformation recovery component (20) includes a strip (21), the length direction of which is parallel to the second direction (y); A3) The deformation recovery component (20) includes a spring sheet (22) which extends in a wave shape and the extension direction from the crest to the trough of the spring sheet (22) is parallel to the second direction (y).

8. The protective component (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes multiple deformation recovery components (20), which are arranged in an array.

9. The protective component (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner cavity (11) is provided with an isolation structure (30), which divides the inner cavity (11) into a plurality of sub-chambers (31) for accommodating the deformation recovery member (20).

10. The protective component (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance L3 between two adjacent deformation recovery parts (20) satisfies 0 < L3 ≤ 30 mm.

11. The protective member (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The body (10) is a planar plate, an arc-shaped plate, or a bent plate structure.

12. The protective member (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The body (10) is a one-piece molded structure; or, The main body (10) includes a first sub-body (13) and a second sub-body (14), the first sub-body (13) and the second sub-body (14) being connected and enclosing to form the inner cavity (11).

13. The protective member (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The inner cavity (11) is filled with a damping medium (40), and the deformation recovery component (20) is embedded in the damping medium (40).

14. The protective component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The damping medium (40) fills the gap region between adjacent deformation recovery members (20) and the gap region between the deformation recovery member (20) and the inner wall of the inner cavity (11).

15. The protective component (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that, Includes an adhesive (50) connected between the damping medium (40) and the inner wall of the cavity (11).

16. A box, characterized in that, Includes the protective element (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the protective element (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 or the enclosure as described in claim 16.

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