Battery device, method for manufacturing a housing, energy storage device, and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to a battery device, a preparation method of a shell, an energy storage device and an electric equipment. The battery device comprises a battery assembly and a shell assembly. The shell assembly comprises a main body part, a first connecting area and an outer turning edge. The main body part is connected to the outer turning edge through the first connecting area. The main body part comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall. The first side wall, the second side wall and the third side wall are arranged on different planes. The first side wall and the second side wall are connected through a first arc-shaped side wall. The second side wall and the third side wall are connected through a second arc-shaped side wall. The first connecting area comprises a first arc-shaped area and second arc-shaped areas arranged on both sides of the first arc-shaped area. The first arc-shaped area corresponds to at least part of the second side wall. One of the second arc-shaped areas corresponds to the first arc-shaped side wall, and the other second arc-shaped area corresponds to the second arc-shaped side wall. The radius of curvature R of the first arc-shaped area satisfies R a The radius of curvature r of at least one second arc-shaped area satisfies r b R a r b .

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage, specifically to a battery device, a method for preparing a casing, an energy storage device, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, secondary batteries are widely used in energy storage systems and various electrical devices. Battery devices typically consist of battery modules and a housing assembly, with the housing assembly containing the battery modules. However, the reliability of the housing assembly needs improvement in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application proposes a battery device, a method for manufacturing a casing, an energy storage device, and an electrical device, which solves the problems in the prior art where battery devices are prone to stress concentration, physical interference between the battery device and the liquid cooling components, and low assembly efficiency and insufficient mechanical properties caused by contradictory assembly sequences.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery device, the battery device including a battery assembly and a housing assembly, the housing assembly having a receiving cavity, and the battery assembly being located within the receiving cavity; The housing assembly includes a main body, a first connecting region, and an outer flange. The main body is connected to the outer flange through the first connecting region. The outer flange extends from the side of the main body closer to the receiving cavity to the side farther away from the receiving cavity. The main body includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a third sidewall. The first sidewall, the second sidewall, and the third sidewall are disposed on different planes. The first sidewall and the second sidewall are connected by a first arc-shaped sidewall, and the second sidewall and the third sidewall are connected by a second arc-shaped sidewall. The first connecting region includes a first arc-shaped region and second arc-shaped regions disposed on both sides of the first arc-shaped region. The first arc-shaped region corresponds to at least a portion of the second sidewall, one of the second arc-shaped regions corresponds to the first arc-shaped sidewall, and the other second arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped sidewall. The radius of curvature R of the first arc-shaped region is... a With at least one of the second arcuate regions' radius of curvature r b Satisfy R a <r b .

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing a housing, the method being used to form the housing assembly described in the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps: A mold is provided, the mold comprising an upper mold and a lower mold; The raw materials for the housing assembly are fed into the lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are controlled to close and lock. The raw material of the housing assembly is subjected to compression molding to form the housing assembly; The molded material is then opened, so that the shell assembly is separated from the upper mold and the lower mold respectively; The upper mold corresponds to the outer surface of the housing assembly, and the lower mold corresponds to the inner surface of the housing assembly. The upper mold includes a first arc-shaped region and a second arc-shaped region. The first arc-shaped region corresponds to the first arc-shaped region of the housing assembly, and the second arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped region of the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the fifth arc-shaped region is smaller than that of the sixth arc-shaped region. The lower mold includes a third arc-shaped region and a fourth arc-shaped region. The third arc-shaped region corresponds to the first arc-shaped region of the housing assembly, and the fourth arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped region of the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the third arc-shaped region is smaller than that of the fourth arc-shaped region.

[0006] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, which includes the battery device and liquid cooling assembly described in the first aspect. The liquid cooling assembly includes liquid cooling pipes, and at least a portion of the liquid cooling pipes are disposed on the side of the second sidewall away from the receiving cavity. The battery device is used to store electrical energy.

[0007] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device, which includes the battery device and liquid cooling assembly described in the first aspect. The liquid cooling assembly includes liquid cooling pipes, at least a portion of which are disposed on the side of the second sidewall away from the receiving cavity. The battery device is used to provide electrical energy.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, this technical solution has at least the following technical advantages: In the battery device of this application, the connection between the main body and the outward flange has a first connection area. The first connection area includes a first arc-shaped area and second arc-shaped areas disposed on both sides of the first arc-shaped area. The first arc-shaped area corresponds to the second sidewall, and the second arc-shaped area corresponds to the first arc-shaped sidewall and the second arc-shaped sidewall. The radius of curvature R of the first arc-shaped area is... a With respect to the radius of curvature r of the second arc-shaped region b Satisfy R a <r bThis indicates that the radius of curvature of the second arc-shaped region is larger. Compared with the second sidewall, the first and second arc-shaped sidewalls are more prone to stress concentration. The second arc-shaped region corresponding to the first and second arc-shaped sidewalls in this application has a larger diameter of curvature, that is, a smaller degree of bending. During stamping or injection molding, it can improve the smoothness of metal casting at the connection position with other surrounding structures, reduce the stress concentration problem in the second arc-shaped region, and help improve the fatigue strength of the first and second arc-shaped sidewalls. It can also reduce problems such as cold shut and misrun / short pour caused by insufficient filling of casting liquid during the casting process of the first connection area, thereby improving the structural stability and safety of the battery device. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a housing assembly provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region I; Figure 4 Another structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of region II; Figure 6 for Figure 2 AA section diagram; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of region III; Figure 8 for Figure 2 CC section diagram in the image; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of region IV; Figure 10 Another structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of region V; Figure 12 for Figure 1 Another enlarged view of region I in the middle; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A magnified view of a portion of region VI; Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified view of a portion of region VII; Figure 15 for Figure 13 A magnified view of a portion of region VIII; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the shell fabrication process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure label: 1-Housing assembly; 1a-First end; 1b-Second end; 101-First corner; 102-Second corner; 11-Main body; 111-Top wall; 112-Side wall; 1121-First side wall; 1122-Second side wall; 1123-Third side wall; 11231-Opening; 1124-First arc-shaped side wall; 1125-Second arc-shaped side wall; 113-First arc-shaped connecting wall; 114-Second arc-shaped connecting wall; 12-Outward flange; 121-Straight area; 122-Third curved area; 13-First connecting region; 131-First arc-shaped region; 131a-First inner arc-shaped surface; 131b-First outer arc-shaped surface; 132-Second arc-shaped region; 132a-Second inner arc-shaped surface; 132b-Second outer arc-shaped surface; 133-Transition region; 14 - Second connecting region; 141 - First Region; 142 - Second region; 1421 - First sub-region; 14211 - Fourth arc-shaped region; 14212 - Fifth arc-shaped region; 14213 - Sixth arc-shaped region; 142131 - Upper arc-shaped region; 142132 - Lower arc-shaped region; 1422 - Second sub-region; 14221 - Seventh arc-shaped region; 14222 - Eighth arc-shaped region. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0015] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0016] The directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" used in describing the housing assembly in this application are mainly based on the housing assembly's location on the attached... Figure 1 The orientation of the display is described using the positive Z-axis as "top" or "up", the negative Z-axis as "bottom" or "down", the positive X-axis as "right", the negative X-axis as "left", the positive Y-axis as "back", and the negative Y-axis as "front". This does not constitute a limitation on the orientation of the shell component in the actual application scenario.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of this application, the thickness of structures such as layers, films, plates, and regions is enlarged for better understanding and ease of description. The same reference numerals are used throughout the specification to refer to the same or similar elements. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, plate, region, or substrate) on or on the surface of another component, the component may be "directly" located on the surface of the other component, or there may be a third component between the two components. Conversely, when it is mentioned that a component is "directly located" on another component, it indicates that there is no third component between the two components.

[0018] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are only used to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0019] In related technologies, with the large-scale application of energy storage devices, the heat generated by the battery during charging and discharging poses a significant challenge to the safety and lifespan of these devices. Currently, liquid cooling technology can be used to absorb the heat generated by the battery. Typically, a liquid cooling assembly is used to cool the battery. In one embodiment, the liquid cooling assembly includes a liquid cooling plate and liquid cooling pipes. The liquid cooling pipes are located on the side of the battery and contain coolant. The coolant absorbs heat from the battery through the liquid cooling plate and circulates through the liquid cooling pipes to the heat dissipation end to release heat, completing the heat exchange process.

[0020] While placing liquid cooling lines on the side of the battery pack can increase the heat exchange area and improve cooling efficiency, existing technologies generally suffer from the following problems: The corners of the battery pack are typically designed with right angles. This design easily leads to stress concentration points under mechanical loads (such as transport vibrations, thermal expansion, or external impacts), causing fatigue of the battery pack's outer casing material, resulting in microcracks or even structural cracks, and potentially leading to internal battery short circuits or thermal runaway. Furthermore, during liquid cooling line installation, the lines come into direct contact with the right-angled corners, making them susceptible to surface damage due to friction or compression, leading to coolant leakage. Additionally, traditional assembly processes require fixing the battery pack before laying the liquid cooling lines, but the space occupied by the right-angled corners can obstruct the smooth flow of the lines, requiring operators to repeatedly adjust their positions, significantly reducing assembly efficiency. Moreover, if the liquid cooling lines are installed first, followed by the battery pack, the right-angled corners of the battery pack may directly compress the lines during downward pressure, causing irreversible damage. These problems not only increase the probability of battery device failure, but also significantly increase manufacturing costs and the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.

[0021] In view of this, the present application provides a battery device, a method for manufacturing a casing, an energy storage device, and an electrical device. By optimizing the structure of the battery device, it aims to solve the problems of low assembly efficiency and insufficient mechanical performance caused by stress concentration, physical interference between the battery device and the liquid cooling components, and contradictory assembly sequence (the battery pack must be installed before the pipeline) in the prior art.

[0022] The battery device provided in this application embodiment can be widely used in various electrochemical energy storage scenarios, achieving a comprehensive improvement in energy density, cycle life, and safety performance. As one embodiment, the battery device can be electrically connected to power conversion systems (PCS) and energy management systems (EMS) to achieve long-term energy storage and dispatch. Moreover, in the field of long-term energy storage, this battery device can stably meet continuous discharge requirements of 4 hours or more, and easily cover energy storage conditions of 5 hours, 6 hours, or even more than 8 hours. Long-term energy storage refers to the ability to continuously discharge for 4 hours or even longer at rated power, or to achieve large-scale, low-cost energy storage for several days or months.

[0023] In some embodiments, the battery device provided in this application includes a battery assembly and a housing assembly, the housing assembly having a receiving cavity, and the battery assembly being located within the receiving cavity.

[0024] In some embodiments, a battery assembly may include a plurality of battery cells arranged sequentially. Each battery cell may be a secondary battery (also known as a rechargeable battery or accumulator), meaning a battery that can be recharged after discharge to reactivate its active materials and store electrical energy again. Within the battery assembly, the electrical connections between the multiple battery cells may be series, parallel, or a combination thereof, where a combination thereof includes both series and parallel connections.

[0025] In some embodiments, the battery cell includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate battery (LFP), ternary lithium battery (NMC or Nickel Cobalt Aluminum, NCA), sodium-ion battery (SIB), or lithium manganate battery (LMO).

[0026] In some embodiments, the number of battery cells can be set according to actual needs, for example, the number of battery cells can be 4, 8, 12, 16 or 24, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0027] In some embodiments, the battery assembly further includes an electrode connection assembly disposed between and electrically connected to two adjacent battery cells, for transmitting parameters or status electrical signals of the battery cells to an external circuit.

[0028] In some embodiments, Figure 1 Please refer to a schematic diagram of a housing assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 The housing assembly 1 has intersecting and perpendicular X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, wherein the Z-axis direction is defined as the height direction of the housing assembly 1, the X-axis direction is defined as the length direction of the housing assembly 1, and the Y-axis direction is defined as the width direction of the housing assembly 1.

[0029] Figure 2 For another structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly 1 provided in the embodiments of this application, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The housing assembly 1 has a rectangular structure. The housing assembly 1 includes a first end 1a and a second end 1b that are arranged opposite to each other. The housing assembly 1 has two sets of corners: two first corners 101 and two second corners 102. The two first corners 101 are located at the first end 1a and the two second corners 102 are located at the second end 1b.

[0030] Please continue reading. Figure 1The housing assembly 1 includes a main body 11 and an outer flange 12. The main body 11 includes a top wall 111 and a plurality of side walls 112 surrounding the top wall 111. The top wall 111 and the plurality of side walls 112 form a receiving cavity. The outer flange 12 extends from the side of the main body 11 near the receiving cavity to the side away from the receiving cavity.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Please refer to the enlarged view of a portion of region I. Figures 1-3 The sidewall 112 includes a first sidewall 1121, a second sidewall 1122, and a third sidewall 1123. The first sidewall 1121, the second sidewall 1122, and the third sidewall 1123 are disposed on different planes and form a first corner 101 located at the first end 1a. The first sidewall 1121 is parallel to the length direction of the housing assembly 1, the third sidewall 1123 is parallel to the width direction of the housing assembly 1, and the second sidewall 1122 is arranged at a certain angle to the first sidewall 1121 and the third sidewall 1123.

[0032] Please continue reading. Figure 1 The first sidewall 1121 and the second sidewall 1122 are connected by the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124, and the second sidewall 1122 and the third sidewall 1123 are connected by the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125. Since the first sidewall 1121, the second sidewall 1122 and the third sidewall 1123 are located on different planes, and the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 and the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125 are both arc surface structures with fixed radii of curvature, connecting the first sidewall 1121 and the second sidewall 1122 through the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 and connecting the second sidewall 1122 and the third sidewall 1123 through the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125 can achieve a smooth transition between the first sidewall 1121 and the second sidewall 1122, and between the second sidewall 1122 and the third sidewall 1123, forming a continuous curved oblique angle structure.

[0033] The curved oblique angle structure of the present application forms a clearance space for the liquid cooling pipeline, avoiding the problem of mutual interference between the liquid cooling pipeline and the battery device. Moreover, whether the battery device is fixed first and then the liquid cooling pipeline is arranged, or the liquid cooling pipeline is arranged first and then the battery device is fixed, the installation and use safety of the liquid cooling pipeline can be guaranteed, and the assembly efficiency can be improved.

[0034] It should be noted that the two first corner portions 101 each form two clearance spaces. One side of one first corner portion 101 houses the inlet pipe of the liquid cooling system, while the other side houses the outlet pipe. This arrangement, on the one hand, utilizes the clearance spaces to provide ample assembly space for the inlet and outlet pipes, optimizing the overall structural layout of the battery device and reducing localized stress concentration. On the other hand, the curved, beveled corner structure helps improve the fluidity and sintering density of the casting liquid during battery device molding, effectively avoiding cracking defects prone to occur at sharp corners, thereby significantly enhancing the structural strength of the battery device.

[0035] Please continue reading. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The main body 11 also includes a first connecting region 13, which connects to the outward flange 12. The first connecting region 13 includes a first arcuate region 131 and second arcuate regions 132 disposed on both sides of the first arcuate region 131. The first arcuate region 131 corresponds to at least a portion of the second sidewall 1122, one of the second arcuate regions 132 corresponds to the first arcuate sidewall 1124, and the other second arcuate region 132 corresponds to the second arcuate sidewall 1125. The radius of curvature R of the first arcuate region 131 is... a With at least one second arcuate region 132, the radius of curvature r b Satisfy R a <r b This indicates that the radius of curvature of the second arc-shaped region 132 is larger. Compared with the second sidewall 1122, the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 and the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125 are more prone to stress concentration. In this application, the radius of curvature of the second arc-shaped region 132 corresponding to the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 and the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125 is larger, that is, the degree of curvature is smaller. During stamping or injection molding, it can improve the smoothness of metal casting at the connection position with other surrounding structures, reduce the stress concentration problem at the second arc-shaped region 132, and help improve the fatigue strength at the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 and the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125. It can also reduce the problems of cold shut and short pour caused by insufficient filling of casting liquid during the casting process of the first connection region 13, thereby improving the structural stability and safety of the battery device.

[0036] It should be noted that both the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132 in this application are solid regions with a certain thickness extension range. Taking the first arc-shaped region 131 as an example: on a cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the first arc-shaped region 131, the first arc-shaped region 131 presents an arc-shaped strip structure with a preset thickness. This arc-shaped strip structure is defined by an inner arc surface and an outer arc surface, and there is a predetermined distance (i.e., region thickness) between the inner arc surface and the outer arc surface. The radius of curvature of the first arc-shaped region 131 refers to the distance of the inner arc surface (or the outer arc surface, or the mid-surface between the two) relative to the center of the circle. The mid-surface (middle surface) refers to the reference surface equidistantly centered between the inner arc surface and the outer arc surface.

[0037] It should be noted that in the actual manufacturing and molding process, the first connecting region 13 of this application is a single integral solid structure, and there are no physical seams or obvious structural boundaries between the regions. The "first arc-shaped region 131" and the "second arc-shaped region 132" described in this application together constitute an inseparable whole component in terms of physical structure. The division of the above-mentioned regions in this application is only to more clearly and accurately describe the different structural features of the whole component at different positions, and should not be construed as the whole component being spliced ​​or combined from multiple independent sub-components.

[0038] The radius of curvature R of the first arc-shaped region 131 is used below. a Taking the measurement method as an example, the radius of curvature r of the second arc-shaped region 132 is explained. b The same method should be used.

[0039] In one embodiment, a flexible measuring tape is used to perform physical measurements on the housing assembly 1. Specifically, the flexible measuring tape is placed tightly against the inner (or outer) surface of the first arc-shaped region 131, and the actual arc length of the arc trajectory on that surface is read and recorded. Simultaneously, a ruler is used to measure the straight-line distance L (i.e., chord length) between the two endpoints of the arc trajectory in the first arc-shaped region 131 and the vertical height h (i.e., arc height) from the midpoint of the arc to the chord. Finally, the obtained chord length and arc height data are substituted into a geometric formula. The radius of curvature R of the inner (or outer) surface of the first arc-shaped region 131 is calculated. a It should be noted that the radius of curvature of the first arc-shaped region 131 in this application can refer to the radius of curvature of the inner surface, the radius of curvature of the outer surface, or the radius of curvature of the neutral layer between the inner and outer arc surfaces. The value of the radius of curvature of the neutral layer is half the sum of the radii of curvature of the inner and outer surfaces. When comparing the radius of curvature of the first arc-shaped region 131 and the radius of curvature of the second arc-shaped region 132, it is sufficient to ensure that both the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132 are either inner surfaces, both outer surfaces, or both neutral layers.

[0040] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first arcuate region 131 is relatively constant. Specifically, "relatively constant" means that, on any cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the first arcuate region 131, the vertical distance (i.e., thickness) between the inner and outer surfaces of the first arcuate region 131 remains substantially constant within a preset tolerance range. More specifically, "relatively constant thickness" means that the difference between the maximum and minimum thickness of the first arcuate region 131 does not exceed 5%.

[0041] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second arcuate region 132 is variable; for details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 In this application, the first direction is defined as perpendicular to the plane where the outer flange 12 is located, and the first direction is from the main body 11 toward the outer flange 12. That is to say, the first direction is defined as the height direction of the shell assembly 1, and the direction is downward, that is, the first direction is defined as the opposite direction of the Z-axis direction.

[0042] Along the first direction, the second arc-shaped region 132 has at least a first thickness and a second thickness arranged sequentially, wherein the second thickness is greater than the first thickness.

[0043] It should be noted that the first thickness and the second thickness do not refer to the thickness at a specific location, but rather to the representative thickness of different sections of the second arc-shaped region 132 in the extension direction, with the aim of defining the second arc-shaped region 132 as having at least a partial increasing thickness trend along the extension direction.

[0044] The thickness of the second arc-shaped region 132 increases along the thickness direction of the shell assembly 1, making the stress transmission path of the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 and the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125 gradually change. This helps to eliminate stress concentration points caused by geometric abrupt changes in traditional right-angle structures. Specifically, the first connection region 13 between the main body 11 and the outer flange 12 not only serves as a connection but also as a stress transmission transition. The thickened first arc-shaped region 131 can form a stress buffer gradient, which helps to reduce the local stress peak of the shell assembly 1 under dynamic load, thereby effectively suppressing the risk of crack initiation and propagation in the shell assembly 1 and improving the fatigue resistance and long-term service reliability of the shell assembly 1.

[0045] Please continue reading. Figure 1 and Figure 3In this application, the second direction is defined as a direction parallel to the second sidewall 1122 and extending along one of the second arcuate regions 132 toward the other. The third direction is defined as a direction parallel to the first sidewall 1121 and extending toward one of the second arcuate regions 132. The fourth direction is defined as a direction parallel to the third sidewall 1123 and away from the other second arcuate region 132. The second, third, and fourth directions are all parallel to the plane containing the outer flange 12, and the first, third, and fourth directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0046] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In the second arc-shaped region 132 corresponding to the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124, along the first direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate β1 of the second arc-shaped region 132 increases; and / or, along the second direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate α1 of the second arc-shaped region 132 increases; and / or, along the third direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate γ1 of the second arc-shaped region 132 decreases. The present application differentiates the thickness change rates of the second arc-shaped region 132 corresponding to the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 along the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction, which is beneficial to improve the connection and stress transition buffer between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the first sidewall 1121, the second sidewall 1122, and the outer flange 12, making the stress transmission between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the first sidewall 1121, the second sidewall 1122, and the outer flange 12 smoother, effectively suppressing the stress concentration phenomenon caused by geometric abrupt changes, and improving the fatigue resistance and structural reliability of the shell assembly 1 under thermal cycling load and mechanical vibration conditions.

[0047] In some embodiments, γ1 < α1 < β1 ≤ 1.3γ1, that is, the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the first and second directions is controlled between 1 and 1.3 times (excluding the two endpoints of 1 and 1.3) of the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the third direction. This is beneficial to the smooth transition of the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 in the horizontal plane and the vertical direction. Moreover, the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the first direction is greater than the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the second direction, so that the stress transmission between the second arc-shaped region 132 and adjacent components presents a gradual characteristic. This is beneficial to improve the connection and stress transition buffer between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the first sidewall 1121, the second sidewall 1122 and the outer flange 12, so that the stress transmission between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the first sidewall 1121, the second sidewall 1122 and the outer flange 12 is smoother.

[0048] Please continue reading. Figure 3In the second arc-shaped region 132 corresponding to the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125, along the first direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate β2 of the second arc-shaped region 132 increases; and / or, along the fourth direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate α2 of the second arc-shaped region 132 increases; and / or, along the second direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate γ2 of the second arc-shaped region 132 decreases. This application differentiates the thickness change rates of the second arc-shaped region 132 corresponding to the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125 along the first, second, and fourth directions, which helps improve the connection and stress transition buffer between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the second sidewall 1122, the third sidewall 1123, and the outer flange 12. This makes the stress transmission between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the second sidewall 1122, the third sidewall 1123, and the outer flange 12 smoother, effectively suppressing stress concentration caused by geometric abrupt changes, and improving the fatigue resistance and structural reliability of the shell assembly 1 under thermal cycling loads and mechanical vibration conditions.

[0049] In some embodiments, γ2 < α2 < β2 ≤ 1.5γ2, that is, the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the first and fourth directions is controlled between 1 and 1.5 times (excluding the two endpoints of 1 and 1.5) of the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the third direction. This is beneficial to the smooth transition of the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 in the horizontal plane and the vertical direction. Moreover, the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the first direction is greater than the thickness variation rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the fourth direction, so that the stress transmission between the second arc-shaped region 132 and adjacent components presents a gradual characteristic. This is beneficial to improve the connection and stress transition buffer between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the second sidewall 1122, the third sidewall 1123 and the outer flange 12, so that the stress transmission between the second arc-shaped region 132 and the second sidewall 1122, the third sidewall 1123 and the outer flange 12 is smoother.

[0050] It should be noted that when measuring the thickness change rate of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the first, second, third, and fourth directions, the second arc-shaped region 132 needs to be measured using regions of equal arc length. Specifically, first, determine the path of the second arc-shaped region 132 to be measured (i.e., the path of the first direction, the path of the second direction, the path of the third direction, and the path of the fourth direction). Set sampling points along the path of the direction to be measured with equal arc lengths, for example, collect a thickness value every 0.5 mm or 1 mm arc length, and set at least two sets of sampling points. Then, use a coordinate measuring machine or a precision micrometer to measure the local thickness at each sampling point in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second arc-shaped region 132. The local thickness growth rate is obtained by dividing the thickness difference between adjacent sampling points by the interval of the corresponding arc length. The total thickness growth rate is the average value of the local thickness growth rate in a specific direction (e.g., the first direction).

[0051] In some embodiments, γ1 < γ2 < β1 ≤ β2, the thickness change rate γ1 of at least a portion of the second arcuate region 132 along a third direction is less than the thickness change rate γ2 of at least a portion of the second arcuate region 132 along a second direction, and the thickness change rate β1 of at least a portion of the second arcuate region 132 along a first direction is less than or equal to the thickness change rate β1 of at least a portion of the second arcuate region 132 along a first direction. 2， Furthermore, the thickness change rate γ2 of at least a portion of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the second direction is less than the thickness change rate β1 of at least a portion of the second arc-shaped region 132 along the first direction, making the thickness changes of the two second arc-shaped regions 132 more consistent. This allows the two second arc-shaped regions 132 to deform synchronously and bear load evenly during collisions or vibrations, avoiding local stress concentration and premature failure, thereby improving the overall safety and structural stability of the battery device.

[0052] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second arc-shaped region 132 is 2mm to 5mm, specifically 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0053] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first arcuate region 131 is 1mm to 3mm, specifically 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Please refer to the enlarged view of a portion of region II. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The curvature centers of the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132 are both located outside the housing assembly 1. That is, the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132 are both concave arc-shaped regions concave into the housing assembly 1. This is beneficial for the mechanical load of the housing assembly 1 in the first connection area 13 to be evenly distributed along the curved surfaces of the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132. This is beneficial for reducing local stress concentration in the housing assembly 1 and improving the structural fatigue resistance and long-term reliability of the battery device. Moreover, the concave arc-shaped region can form a good connection with the main body 11 and the outer flange 12. This is beneficial for optimizing the flow characteristics of the casting liquid of the housing assembly 1. During the casting process of the housing assembly 1, the smooth transition of the concave curved surface reduces the flow resistance of the molten metal in the concave area and avoids defects such as cold shut and incomplete casting caused by local stagnation.

[0055] Figure 6 for Figure 2AA section diagram, Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of region III. Figure 8 for Figure 2 CC section diagram in Figure 9 for Figure 8 Please refer to the enlarged schematic diagram of region IV. Figures 6-9 The first arc-shaped region 131 includes a first inner arc-shaped surface 131a and a first outer arc-shaped surface 131b disposed opposite to each other. The first inner arc-shaped surface 131a faces the interior of the main body 11, and the first outer arc-shaped surface 131b faces the exterior of the main body 11. The second arc-shaped region 132 includes a second inner arc-shaped surface 132a and a second outer arc-shaped surface 132b disposed opposite to each other. The second inner arc-shaped surface 132a faces the interior of the main body 11, and the second outer arc-shaped surface 132b faces the exterior of the main body 11.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first inner arcuate surface 131a has a first inner radius of curvature R. a1 The second inner arc surface 132a has a second inner radius of curvature r b1 R a1 <r b1 Compared to the first inner arc surface 131a, the second inner arc surface 132a has a larger radius of curvature, meaning that the second inner arc surface 132a has a smaller degree of curvature. This can improve the smoothness of metal casting at the connection points with other surrounding structures during stamping or injection molding, and can reduce the problem of stress concentration in the second arc region 132.

[0057] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second sidewall 1122 is h, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, and the first inner radius of curvature R is... a1 Second inner curvature radius r b1 Satisfies: 0.5(H+h)≤R a1 r b1 ≤2(H+h). By controlling 0.5(H+h)≤R a1 This helps ensure that the casting liquid can completely fill the first arc-shaped region 131 during the casting of the main body 11, ensuring that the first arc-shaped region 131 has a suitable thickness and that it is not too sharp, thus avoiding material shortage. Controlling r b1 ≤2(H+h) reduces excessive filling of the casting liquid, which helps prevent the second arc-shaped region 132 from becoming too thick and avoids uneven shrinkage of the casting liquid during cooling due to local overfilling of the second arc-shaped region 132. This application controls 0.5(H+h)≤R a1 r b1≤2(H+h) can promote the uniform filling of the casting liquid, ensure that the wall thickness of each part of the main body 11 filled with the casting liquid is uniform, reduce porosity and shrinkage defects, avoid stress concentration caused by the first curvature radius being too small, and avoid insufficient structural strength of the shell assembly 1 caused by the second curvature radius being too large. It is beneficial to alleviate stress concentration in the shell assembly 1 while improving the strength of the shell assembly 1.

[0058] In some embodiments, R a1 The thickness is 3mm to 8mm, specifically 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0059] In some embodiments, r b1 The thickness is 6mm to 10mm, specifically 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first outer arcuate surface 131b has a first outer radius of curvature R. a2 The second outer arc surface 132b has a second outer radius of curvature r b2 R a2 <r b2 Compared to the first outer arc surface 131b, the second outer arc surface 132b has a larger radius of curvature, meaning that the second outer arc surface 132b has a smaller degree of curvature. This can improve the smoothness of metal casting at the connection points with other surrounding structures during stamping or injection molding, and reduce the problem of stress concentration in the second arc area 132.

[0061] In some embodiments, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, and the second outer radius of curvature is r. b2 Satisfying: H≤r b2 ≤1.5H, r b2 Specifically, it can be any value within the range of H, 1.1 H, 1.2 H, 1.3 H, 1.4 H, 1.5 H, or any two of the above values. Control H≤r b2 A value ≤1.5H helps alleviate stress concentration in the area between the main body 11 and the outer flange 12, effectively preventing excessive local stress peaks caused by thermal expansion differences or mechanical loads between the main body 11 and the outer flange 12, and improving the fatigue resistance and structural integrity of the shell assembly 1. Specifically, controlling r b2 ≥H can avoid the stress concentration caused by the excessively steep radius of curvature between the first arc region 131 and the outer flange 12, which is beneficial to reducing crack formation; controlling r b2≤1.5H helps to ensure the structural rigidity of shell component 1 and reduce casting difficulty.

[0062] In some embodiments, R a2 2mm~4mm, R a2 Specifically, it can be 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0063] In some embodiments, r b2 The diameter is 5mm~8mm, r b2 Specifically, it can be 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0064] In some embodiments, H is 4mm to 6mm, and H can specifically be 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0065] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 3 The third side wall 1123 has an opening 11231 through which high and low voltage wiring harnesses, copper busbars are laid, integrated heat management pipelines or air-cooled duct interfaces, pressure relief and explosion-proof structures, air pressure balance valves and other components are installed, which can also serve the functions of assembly and maintenance, heat exchange, explosion-proof pressure relief and airtight pressure stabilization of the enclosure.

[0066] The thickness of the second sidewall 1122 is h, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, and the thickness of the third sidewall 1123 is D, where h < D < H. The smaller thickness of the second sidewall 1122 enables the lightweighting of the housing assembly 1, the moderately thick third sidewall 1123 can compensate for the weakening of structural rigidity caused by the opening 11231, and the larger thickness of the outer flange 12 can ensure the sealing reliability and deformation resistance of the housing assembly 1. The differentiated thickness design of the housing assembly 1 in this application can improve the sealing performance, structural strength, and lightweighting of the housing assembly 1.

[0067] In some embodiments, h is 1.5mm to 2mm, and h can specifically be 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0068] In some embodiments, D is 2mm to 3mm, and D can specifically be 2mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3mm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0069] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 3 The second arc-shaped region 132 is further provided with transition regions 133 on both sides, and at least part of the transition regions 133 are located between the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132. By setting the transition regions 133, it is beneficial to achieve a continuous transition of curvature gradient and to eliminate the local stress concentration phenomenon caused by geometric abrupt changes.

[0070] Optionally, a transition region 133 is located between the first arc-shaped region 131 and the second arc-shaped region 132, with one end of the transition region 133 connecting to the first arc-shaped region 131 and the other end connecting to the second arc-shaped region 132.

[0071] Optionally, the first connecting region 13 includes, in sequence, a transition region 133, a second arc-shaped region 132, a transition region 133, a first arc-shaped region 131, a transition region 133, a second arc-shaped region 132, and a transition region 133.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first extension direction is defined as the tangential direction of the transition region 133, that is, the arc extension direction of the transition region 133, and the first extension direction extends from the first arc region 131 toward the second arc region 132.

[0073] Along the first extending direction of the transition region 133, the transition region 133 has at least a third thickness and a fourth thickness arranged sequentially, with the fourth thickness being greater than the third thickness, so that the transition region 133 itself has a gradient increasing thickness distribution, which further improves the smoothness of the stress transmission path in the first connection region 13 and helps to reduce the stress concentration of the shell assembly 1.

[0074] It should be noted that the third thickness and the fourth thickness do not refer to the thickness at a specific location, but rather to the representative thickness of different sections of the transition region 133 in the first extension direction, which is intended to define the transition region 133 as exhibiting a gradient change trend of increasing thickness along the extension direction.

[0075] In some embodiments, along the first extending direction of the transition region 133, the transition region 133 includes at least a first transition region and a second transition region arranged sequentially, wherein the thickness change rate of the first transition region is less than that of the second transition region. The smaller thickness change rate of the first transition region enables smooth diffusion of initial stress, while the larger thickness change rate of the second transition region adapts to the thickness of the second arcuate region 132. On the one hand, this allows for the construction of a stress release channel that gradually decreases along the direction from the first arcuate region 131 to the second arcuate region 132, avoiding excessive stress concentration in local areas. On the other hand, during the casting process of the housing assembly 1, it improves the fluidity of the casting liquid at the first connecting region 13, thereby enhancing the mechanical and sealing properties of the housing assembly 1.

[0076] In some embodiments, the housing assembly 1 has an outer surface side and an inner surface side, and the first connection between the main body 11 and the outer flange 12 of the housing assembly 1 has different morphologies on the outer surface side and the inner surface layer. Specifically, Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of the housing assembly 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of the V-region. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 10-11 ,from Figure 10 The inner surface of housing assembly 1 can be seen from... Figure 10 From the perspective shown, the first connection area also includes a flat area 121 and third arc-shaped areas 122 located on both sides of the flat area 121. Both the flat area 121 and the third arc-shaped areas 122 are located inside the housing assembly 1. The inner surface of the flat area 121 is a plane or near-plane, which helps to provide a stable reference surface for the sealing of the housing assembly 1, ensuring that the sealing ring connecting the housing assembly 1 to other components is subjected to uniform force and without local compression unevenness. The inner surface of the third arc-shaped area 122 is an arc surface, which can guide the gradual transmission of stress and mechanical load, and helps to eliminate stress concentration points caused by geometric abrupt changes.

[0077] The radius of curvature of the third arc-shaped region 122 is R. c The thickness of the second sidewall 1122 is h, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, and 0.5(H+h) < R c ≤2(H+h), R c Specifically, it can be any value within the range of 0.6(H+h), 0.8(H+h), 1(H+h), 1.3(H+h), 1.5(H+h), 1.8(H+h), 2(H+h), or any two of the above values. Controlling 0.5(H+h) < R c ≤2(H+h) is beneficial for achieving continuous and stable filling of the casting liquid during the casting process, eliminating defects such as insufficient pouring and cold shut; at the same time, it makes the stress distribution at the connection between the main body 11 and the outer flange 12 more uniform, significantly reducing local stress concentration and enhancing the structure's resistance to deformation.

[0078] In some embodiments, Figure 12 for Figure 1 Please refer to another magnified view of region I in the middle. Figure 12 The top wall 111 is connected to the first side wall 1121 through the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113, and the top wall 111 is connected to the third side wall 1123 through the second arc-shaped connecting wall 114. The top wall 111, the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113, the first side wall 1121, the first arc-shaped side wall 1124, the second side wall 1122, the second arc-shaped side wall 1125, the third side wall 1123, and the second arc-shaped connecting wall 114 enclose a second connecting area 14.

[0079] It should be noted that the top wall 111 and the first side wall 1121 are both planar areas, while the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 is an arc-shaped surface area with a fixed radius of curvature. The top wall 111 and the first side wall 1121 are smoothly connected by the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 to avoid stress concentration caused by right-angle transitions, thereby improving the overall structural strength and fatigue resistance of the component. Correspondingly, the top wall 111 and the third side wall 1123 are connected by a second arc-shaped connecting wall 114, which is also an arc-shaped surface area with a fixed radius of curvature.

[0080] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Please refer to the enlarged view of a portion of region VI. Figure 12 and Figure 13 The second connecting region 14 includes multiple connecting curved surfaces, including a first region 141 and two second regions 142. The first region 141 connects the second sidewall 1122 and the top wall 111. The two second regions 142 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first region 141, or at least the second regions 142 are symmetrically arranged. The second connecting region 14 of this application, through a multi-surface collaborative structure design, constructs a continuous curved surface network of the first region 141 and the second region 142. The second region 142 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first region 141, and the second region 142 itself is also a symmetrical structure. This facilitates the continuous and smooth transmission of external loads along the curved surface formed by the first region 141 and the second region 142, and helps eliminate stress concentration at traditional right-angle connections. Simultaneously, the smooth connection between the curved surfaces eliminates structural interference points during mold demolding, ensuring no risk of tearing during demolding and significantly improving the deformation resistance and manufacturing precision of the shell assembly 1.

[0081] It should be noted that in the actual manufacturing and molding process, the second connecting region 14 of this application is a single integral solid structure, and there are no physical seams or obvious structural boundaries between the regions. The division of the second connecting region 14 in this application is only for the purpose of more clearly and accurately describing the different structural features of the second connecting region 14 at different locations, and should not be construed as the second connecting region 14 being spliced ​​or combined from multiple independent sub-components.

[0082] It should be noted that the "central axis" mentioned above in this application refers to a spatial curve formed by connecting the midpoints of the arc lengths of each cross section along the main extension direction of the surface of a certain arc region.

[0083] In some embodiments, for each second region 142, the second region 142 includes a first sub-region 1421 and a second sub-region 1422. The first sub-region 1421 and the second sub-region 1422 are both symmetrically arranged about the second central axis. The first sub-region 1421 is in contact with the second central axis, and the second sub-region 1422 is not in contact with the second central axis.

[0084] The first sub-region 1421 includes multiple arc-shaped regions, and the second sub-region 1422 includes multiple arc-shaped regions. The minimum radius of curvature of the arc-shaped regions within the first sub-region 1421 is greater than or equal to the maximum radius of curvature of the arc-shaped regions within the second sub-region 1422. The maximum radius of curvature of the arc-shaped regions within the second sub-region 1422 is less than or equal to 1.2 times the radius of curvature of the first region 141. This application, through the design of the radii of curvature of the first sub-region 1421 and the second sub-region 1422, uses the larger radius of curvature of the first sub-region 1421 as the core for the diffusion of principal stress, while the limited radius of curvature of the second sub-region 1422 achieves a smooth transition with the first region 141. This helps eliminate stress concentration points caused by geometric abrupt changes, promotes the continuous and smooth transmission of external loads along the second region 142, and significantly improves the deformation resistance of the shell assembly 1. Simultaneously, the precise matching of the radii of curvature of the first sub-region 1421 and the second sub-region 1422 ensures no structural interference risk during mold demolding, avoids surface scratches during demolding of the shell assembly 1, and significantly improves the manufacturing precision and production efficiency of the shell assembly 1.

[0085] Please see Figure 14 For one of the first sub-regions 1421, the first sub-region 1421 includes a fourth arc-shaped region 14211, a fifth arc-shaped region 14212 and a sixth arc-shaped region 14213 connected in sequence. The fourth arc-shaped region 14211 is connected to the top wall 111 and the second sub-region 1422 respectively. The fifth arc-shaped region 14212 is connected to the first side wall 1121 or the second side wall 1122 and the second sub-region 1422 respectively. The sixth arc-shaped region 14213 is connected to the first side wall 1121 or the second side wall 1122 and the first arc-shaped side wall 1124.

[0086] Please see Figure 15 For another first sub-region 1421, the first sub-region 1421 includes a fourth arc-shaped region 14211, a fifth arc-shaped region 14212 and a sixth arc-shaped region 14213 connected in sequence. The fourth arc-shaped region 14211 is connected to the top wall 111 and the second sub-region 1422 respectively. The fifth arc-shaped region 14212 is connected to the second side wall 1122 or the third side wall 1123 and the second sub-region 1422 respectively. The sixth arc-shaped region 14213 is connected to the second side wall 1122 or the third side wall 1123 and the second arc-shaped side wall 1125.

[0087] The curvature radii R4 of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211, R5 of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, and R6 of the sixth arc-shaped region 14213 satisfy the condition: 1.2R6≥R5≥R4>R6. This application achieves precise control of the curvature radii of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211, the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, and the sixth arc-shaped region 14213, ensuring that the curvature radii R4 of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211 and R5 of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212 are 1 to 1.2 times (excluding 1) the curvature radius R6 of the sixth arc-shaped region 14213, and that R5≥R4. This allows for fine control of the curvature radii. Such minute curvature changes ensure a smooth and continuous curvature change in the first sub-region 1421 without abrupt changes, which helps eliminate flow resistance and dead zones in the casting process. Simultaneously, it optimizes the stress distribution of the shell assembly 1, avoids localized high stress concentrations, and improves the fatigue resistance and sealing reliability of the shell. Meanwhile, during the demolding process, since the curvature radii R6, R5 and R4 change in a small gradient, the draft angle of the demolding direction of the first sub-region 1421 remains positive, which helps to reduce demolding resistance and demolding ejection force. It can also optimize the stress distribution of the housing component 1, avoid local high stress concentration, and improve the fatigue resistance and sealing reliability of the housing component.

[0088] Please continue reading. Figure 14 For one of the sixth arc-shaped regions 14213, the sixth arc-shaped region 14213 includes an upper arc-shaped region 142131 and a lower arc-shaped region 142132 arranged adjacently. The upper arc-shaped region 142131 is connected to the first sidewall 1121 or the second sidewall 1122. The upper arc-shaped region 142131 is also connected to the fifth arc-shaped region 14212. The lower arc-shaped region 142132 is connected to the first sidewall 1121 or the second sidewall 1122. The lower arc-shaped region 142132 is also connected to the upper arc-shaped region 142131 and the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 respectively.

[0089] Please continue reading. Figure 15 For another sixth arc-shaped region 14213, the sixth arc-shaped region 14213 includes an upper arc-shaped region 142131 and a lower arc-shaped region 142132 arranged adjacently. The upper arc-shaped region 142131 is connected to the second side wall 1122 or the third side wall 1123. The upper arc-shaped region 142131 is also connected to the fifth arc-shaped region 14212. The lower arc-shaped region 142132 is connected to the second side wall 1122 or the third side wall 1123. The lower arc-shaped region 142132 is also connected to the upper arc-shaped region 142131 and the second arc-shaped side wall 1125 respectively.

[0090] The radius of curvature R of the upper arc region 142131 61 The radius of curvature R of the lower arc region 142132 62 Satisfy: R61 >R 62 The upper arc-shaped region 142131 and the fifth arc-shaped region 14212 are connected, and the lower arc-shaped region 142132 is connected to the first arc-shaped sidewall 1124 or the second arc-shaped sidewall 1125. This is achieved by setting R... 61 >R 62 This allows the upper arc region 142131 and the lower arc region to smoothly connect the fifth arc region 14212 and the first arc sidewall 1124 or the second arc sidewall 1125, which helps to eliminate the flow resistance and filling dead corners of the casting liquid during the casting process; at the same time, it optimizes the stress distribution of the shell assembly 1 and avoids local high stress concentration.

[0091] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the thickness change rate of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211 increases, while the thickness change rates of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, the upper arc-shaped region 142131, and the lower arc-shaped region 142132 all decrease, and the thickness change rates of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, the upper arc-shaped region 142131, and the lower arc-shaped region 142132 decrease sequentially. By controlling the thickness change rate gradient of the first sub-region 1421 along the first direction, the larger thickness change rate of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211 is beneficial to improving the initial structural strength of the shell assembly 1. The design of the thickness change rate of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, the upper arc-shaped region 142131, and the lower arc-shaped region 142132 decreasing sequentially is beneficial to make the strain transmission path of the first sub-region 1421 continuous and smooth, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of local stress concentration caused by abrupt thickness changes, which is beneficial to suppressing the initiation and propagation of microcracks in the shell assembly 1. At the same time, optimizing the solidification shrinkage behavior of the casting liquid during the casting process is beneficial to improving the overall structural integrity and long-term operational reliability of the shell assembly 1.

[0092] Please continue reading. Figure 14 For one of the second sub-regions 1422, the second sub-region 1422 includes a seventh arc-shaped region 14221 and an eighth arc-shaped region 14222. The seventh arc-shaped region 14221 is located on the second central axis of the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113. Figure 14 Above the dashed line within the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 (as shown by the dashed line) or on the third central axis of the first region 141 ( Figure 14 Above the dashed line in the first region 141, the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 is located below the second central axis of the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 or below the third central axis of the first region 141.

[0093] Please continue reading. Figure 15For another second sub-region 1422, the second sub-region 1422 includes a seventh arc-shaped region 14221 and an eighth arc-shaped region 14222. The seventh arc-shaped region 14221 is located on the fourth central axis of the second arc-shaped connecting wall 114. Figure 15 Above the third central axis of the first region 141 (as shown by the dashed line within the second arc-shaped connecting wall 114) Figure 15 Above the dashed line in the first region 141, the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 is located below the fourth central axis of the second arc-shaped connecting wall 114 or below the third central axis of the first region 141.

[0094] In this application, the second central axis, the third central axis, and the fourth central axis refer to the spatial curve formed by connecting the midpoints of the arc lengths of each cross section in a specific extension direction within the region where the central axis is located.

[0095] The radius of curvature of the first region 141 is R0. The radius of curvature R7 of the seventh arc-shaped region 14221 and the radius of curvature R8 of the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 satisfy: 0.8R4≥R7=R8>R0. In this application, the radii of curvature of the seventh arc-shaped region 14221 and the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 are the same, and are between 0.8 times the radius of curvature of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212 and the radius of curvature of the first region 141, but are not equal to the radius of curvature of the first region 141. This is beneficial to ensure that the curvature change between the top wall 111 and the first side wall 1121 is continuous and without abrupt changes, which is beneficial to eliminate geometric stress concentration points; at the same time, it optimizes the stress distribution of the shell assembly 1, avoids local high stress concentration, and improves the fatigue resistance and sealing reliability of the shell.

[0096] It should be noted that the fourth arc-shaped region 14211, the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, the sixth arc-shaped region 14213, the upper arc-shaped region 142131, the lower arc-shaped region 142132, the seventh arc-shaped region 14221, and the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 of this application are measured using the same method as the first arc-shaped region 131, which will not be elaborated here.

[0097] It should be noted that in this application, "=" refers to equality within a certain tolerance range, not equality in an absolute sense.

[0098] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 14Along the second central axis of the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 and in the direction extending from the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 toward the first region 141, the thickness change rate of the seventh arc-shaped region 14221 is greater than that of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211, and the thickness change rate of the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 is greater than that of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212. By limiting the thickness change rate of the seventh arc-shaped region 14221 to be greater than the radius of curvature of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211 and the thickness change rate of the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 to be greater than the radius of curvature of the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, this application can ensure that the strain transmission path of the housing assembly 1 along the direction from the first arc-shaped connecting wall 113 to the first region 141 exhibits a natural gradient. This is beneficial for eliminating stress concentration points caused by abrupt thickness changes, while optimizing the stress distribution of the housing assembly 1, avoiding local high stress concentration, and improving the fatigue resistance and sealing reliability of the housing.

[0099] It should be noted that the thickness change rates of the fourth arc-shaped region 14211, the fifth arc-shaped region 14212, the upper arc-shaped region 142131, the lower arc-shaped region 142132, the seventh arc-shaped region 14221, and the eighth arc-shaped region 14222 were measured using the same method as the thickness change rate of the second arc-shaped region 132, and will not be elaborated here.

[0100] This application also provides a method for preparing a housing, which is used to form the aforementioned housing assembly. Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating the fabrication process of the housing assembly is shown, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the preparation method includes: Provide molds, including upper and lower molds; The raw materials for the housing components are fed into the lower mold, and the upper and lower molds are controlled to close and lock. The raw materials for the housing assembly are subjected to compression molding to form the housing assembly; The molded material is then opened, allowing the shell components to separate from the upper and lower molds respectively. The upper mold corresponds to the outer surface of the housing assembly, and the lower mold corresponds to the inner surface of the housing assembly. The upper mold includes a first arc-shaped region and a second arc-shaped region. The first arc-shaped region corresponds to the first arc-shaped region of the housing assembly, and the second arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped region of the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the first arc-shaped region is smaller than that of the second arc-shaped region. The lower mold includes a third arc-shaped region and a fourth arc-shaped region. The third arc-shaped region corresponds to the first arc-shaped region of the housing assembly, and the fourth arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped region of the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the third arc-shaped region is smaller than that of the fourth arc-shaped region.

[0101] In the above-mentioned scheme, this application achieves precise matching between the mold cavity and the curved surface features of the shell component by setting the radius of curvature of the first arc region to be smaller than that of the second arc region and the radius of curvature of the third arc region to be smaller than that of the fourth arc region in the upper and lower molds. On the one hand, after the raw material of the shell component is put into the lower mold, the mold of this application can promote the smooth flow of the raw material along the curved surface during the molding stage, which is conducive to eliminating defects such as insufficient filling and cold shut. On the other hand, during the demolding stage, the mold of this application can reduce demolding resistance, avoid surface scratches or deformation of the shell component, and significantly improve the manufacturing accuracy and production efficiency of the shell component.

[0102] In some embodiments, the molding temperature is 130℃~160℃, the molding pressure is 1 MPa~50 MPa, and the molding curing time is 5 min~15 min.

[0103] In some embodiments, after compression molding, the radius of curvature p1 of the first arc-shaped region satisfies R a2 ≤p1≤1.08 R a2 p1 can specifically be R a2 1.01 R a2 1.02 R a2 1.03 R a2 1.04 R a2 1.05 R a2 1.06 R a2 1.07 R a2 1.08 R a2 Or any value within the range formed by any two of the above values.

[0104] In some embodiments, after compression molding, the radius of curvature p2 of the second arc-shaped region satisfies 1.02r. b2 ≤p2≤1.05 r b2 p2 can specifically be 1.02 r b2 1.025 r b2 1.03 r b2 1.035 r b2 1.04 r b2 1.045 r b2 1.05 r b2 Or any value within the range formed by any two of the above values.

[0105] By controlling the parameters of the compression molding, the radius of curvature of the first arc region of the upper mold is controlled within 1 to 1.08 times the product design value of the first outer arc surface 131b of the first arc region 131 of the shell component, and the radius of curvature of the second arc region is controlled within 1.02 to 1.05 times the product design value of the second outer arc surface 132b of the second arc region 132 of the shell component. This is beneficial for accurately matching the cooling and shrinkage characteristics of the shell component material, eliminating the geometric deviation of the curved surface after the shell component material is formed, balancing the material flow resistance and demolding stress, avoiding surface scratches or internal stress concentration caused by sudden curvature changes, and ensuring that complex curved surface structures can achieve high precision in one molding.

[0106] In some embodiments, after compression molding, the radius of curvature p3 of the third arc-shaped region satisfies R a1 ≤p3≤1.08 R a1 p3 can specifically be R a1 1.01 R a1 1.02 R a1 1.03 R a1 1.04 R a1 1.05 R a1 1.06 R a1 1.07 R a1 1.08 R a1 Or any value within the range formed by any two of the above values.

[0107] In some embodiments, after compression molding, the radius of curvature p4 of the fourth arc-shaped region satisfies 1.02r. b1 ≤p4≤1.05 r b1 p4 can specifically be 1.02 r b1 1.025 r b1 1.03r b1 1.035r b1 1.04 r b1 1.045 r b1 1.05r b1 Or any value within the range formed by any two of the above values.

[0108] By controlling the parameters of the compression molding, the radius of curvature of the third arc region of the lower mold is controlled within 1 to 1.08 times the product design value of the first inner arc surface 131a of the first arc region 131 in the shell component 1, and the radius of curvature of the fourth arc region is controlled within 1.02 to 1.05 times the product design value of the second inner arc surface 132a of the second arc region 132 in the shell component. This is beneficial for accurately matching the cooling and shrinkage characteristics of the shell component material, eliminating the geometric deviation of the curved surface after the shell component material is formed, balancing the material flow resistance and demolding stress, avoiding surface scratches or internal stress concentration caused by sudden curvature changes, and ensuring that the complex curved surface structure can achieve high precision in one molding.

[0109] In some embodiments, after the molding process, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, where H≤p1≤1.6H, and p1 can be any value within the range of H, 1.1H, 1.2H, 1.3H, 1.4H, 1.5H, 1.6H, or any two of the above values.

[0110] In some embodiments, after the molding process, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, where H≤p2≤1.4H, and p2 can specifically be H, 1.1H, 1.2H, 1.3H, 1.4H, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0111] In some embodiments, after compression molding, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, where H≤p3≤1.5H, and p3 can specifically be H, 1.1H, 1.2H, 1.3H, 1.4H, 1.5H, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0112] In some embodiments, after the molding process, the thickness of the outer flange 12 is H, where H≤p4≤1.3H, and p4 can specifically be H, 1.05H, 1.1H, 1.15H, 1.2H, 1.25H, 1.3H, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0113] This application establishes a matching relationship between the curvature radius of the arc-shaped areas of the upper and lower molds and the thickness of the outer flange 12, ensuring that the material flows smoothly along the curved surface during molding, which helps to eliminate process defects such as cold shuts and insufficient casting; at the same time, it promotes the uniform distribution of peel stress during the demolding process of the housing component, significantly reduces the risk of surface scratches, and helps to improve the structural integrity and manufacturing precision of the housing component.

[0114] This application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery as a power source. The energy storage device includes, but is not limited to, energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, energy storage power stations, energy storage battery packs, or portable energy storage systems.

[0115] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0116] The energy storage device and / or power consumption device of this application includes a battery device and a liquid cooling assembly. The liquid cooling assembly is used to cool the battery device and includes liquid cooling pipes and a liquid cooling plate. At least part of the liquid cooling pipes are located on the side of the second sidewall away from the receiving cavity. Coolant flows through the liquid cooling pipes. The coolant absorbs heat from the battery device through the liquid cooling plate and circulates through the liquid cooling pipes to the heat dissipation end to release heat, completing the heat exchange process. The energy storage device and / or power consumption device of this application, through structural optimization of the battery device, provides space on the side of the battery device to avoid the liquid cooling pipes. This effectively solves the heat generation problem of the battery device and also solves the problems of stress concentration in the solution at the location of the avoidance space, physical interference between the battery device and the liquid cooling assembly, and low assembly efficiency and insufficient mechanical performance caused by the contradiction in the assembly sequence (the battery pack must be installed before the pipes).

[0117] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this disclosure; therefore, the scope of protection of the embodiments of this disclosure should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, The battery device includes a battery assembly and a housing assembly, the housing assembly having a receiving cavity, and the battery assembly being located within the receiving cavity; The housing assembly includes a main body, a first connecting region, and an outer flange. The main body is connected to the outer flange through the first connecting region. The outer flange extends from the side of the main body closer to the receiving cavity to the side farther away from the receiving cavity. The main body includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a third sidewall. The first sidewall, the second sidewall, and the third sidewall are disposed on different planes. The first sidewall and the second sidewall are connected by a first arc-shaped sidewall, and the second sidewall and the third sidewall are connected by a second arc-shaped sidewall. The first connecting region includes a first arc-shaped region and second arc-shaped regions disposed on both sides of the first arc-shaped region. The first arc-shaped region corresponds to at least a portion of the second sidewall, one of the second arc-shaped regions corresponds to the first arc-shaped sidewall, and the other second arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped sidewall. The radius of curvature R of the first arc-shaped region is... a With at least one of the second arcuate regions' radius of curvature r b Satisfy R a <r b .

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the second arcuate region has at least a first thickness and a second thickness, the second thickness being greater than the first thickness, and the first direction being perpendicular to the plane where the outer flange is located and extending from the main body toward the outer flange.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the second arc-shaped region is 2mm to 5mm, and / or the thickness of the first arc-shaped region is 1mm to 3mm.

4. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the second arc-shaped region corresponding to the first arc-shaped sidewall, along the first direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate β1 of the second arc-shaped region increases; and / or, along the second direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate α1 of the second arc-shaped region increases; and / or, along the third direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate γ1 of the second arc-shaped region decreases. And / or, in the second arcuate region corresponding to the second arcuate sidewall, along the first direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate β2 of the second arcuate region increases; and / or, along the fourth direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate α2 of the second arcuate region increases; and / or, along the second direction, at least a portion of the thickness change rate γ2 of the second arcuate region decreases.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, γ1<α1<β1≤1.3γ1; and / or, γ2<α2<β2≤1.5γ2 and / or, γ1<γ2<β1≤β2.

6. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first arc-shaped region includes a first inner arc-shaped surface and a first outer arc-shaped surface that are disposed opposite to each other, and at least one second arc-shaped region includes a second inner arc-shaped surface and a second outer arc-shaped surface that are disposed opposite to each other; The first inner arc-shaped surface has a first inner radius of curvature R a1 The second inner arcuate surface has a second inner radius of curvature r. b1 R a1 <r b1 .

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the second sidewall is h, the thickness of the outer flange is H, and the radius of curvature of the first inner flange is R. a1 Second inner curvature radius r b1 Satisfies: 0.5(H+h)≤R a1 r b1 ≤2(H+h).

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, R a1 The diameter is 3mm~8mm, r b1 The thickness is 6mm to 10mm.

9. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first arc-shaped region includes a first inner arc-shaped surface and a first outer arc-shaped surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and the second arc-shaped region includes a second inner arc-shaped surface and a second outer arc-shaped surface that are arranged opposite to each other; The first outer arc-shaped surface has a first outer radius of curvature R a2 The second outer arcuate surface has a second outer radius of curvature r. b2 R a2 <r b2 .

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the outer flange is H, and the second outer radius of curvature is r. b2 Satisfying: H≤r b2 ≤1.5H.

11. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, R a2 The diameter is 2mm~4mm, r b2 The thickness is 5mm to 8mm.

12. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the second sidewall or the first sidewall is h, the thickness of the outward flange is H, the third sidewall has an opening, and the thickness of the third sidewall is D, where h < D < H.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, h is 1.5mm~2mm, D is 2mm~3mm, and H is 4mm~6mm.

14. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting region further includes a transition region, at least a portion of which is located between the first arc-shaped region and the second arc-shaped region; Along a first extending direction of the transition region, the transition region has at least a third thickness and a fourth thickness, the fourth thickness being greater than the third thickness, the first extending direction being from the first arcuate region toward the second arcuate region; and / or, along the first extending direction of the transition region, the transition region includes at least a first transition region and a second transition region, the thickness change rate of the first transition region being less than the thickness change rate of the second transition region, the first extending direction being from the first arcuate region toward the second arcuate region.

15. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connection region further includes a flat region and a third arc-shaped region located on both sides of the flat region. Both the flat region and the third arc-shaped region are located inside the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the third arc-shaped region is R. c The thickness of the second sidewall is h, the thickness of the outward flange is H, and 0.5(H+h) < R c ≤2(H+h).

16. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body also includes a top wall, which is connected to the first side wall by a first arc-shaped connecting wall, and the top wall is connected to the third side wall by a second arc-shaped connecting wall. The top wall, the first arc-shaped connecting wall, the first side wall, the first arc-shaped side wall, the second side wall, the second arc-shaped side wall, the third side wall, and the second arc-shaped connecting wall enclose a second connecting area. The second connection region includes multiple connected curved surfaces, each of which includes a first region connecting the second sidewall and the top wall. The curved surfaces also include two second regions connected to the first region and symmetrically arranged along the first region, with at least one of the second regions being symmetrically arranged.

17. The battery device according to claim 16, characterized in that, For each of the second regions, the second region includes a first sub-region and a second sub-region. The first sub-region and the second sub-region are symmetrically arranged about the first central axis. The first central axis is the central axis of the second region extending from the top wall to the first arcuate sidewall or the second arcuate sidewall. The first sub-region is in contact with the first central axis, and the second sub-region is not in contact with the first central axis. The first sub-region includes multiple arc-shaped regions, and the second sub-region includes multiple arc-shaped regions. The minimum radius of curvature of the arc-shaped regions in the first sub-region is greater than or equal to the maximum radius of curvature of the arc-shaped regions in the second sub-region, and the maximum radius of curvature of the arc-shaped regions in the second sub-region is less than or equal to 1.2 times the radius of curvature of the first region.

18. The battery device according to claim 17, characterized in that, For one of the first sub-regions, the first sub-region includes a fourth arc-shaped region, a fifth arc-shaped region, and a sixth arc-shaped region connected in sequence. The fourth arc-shaped region is connected to the top wall and the second sub-region, respectively. The fifth arc-shaped region is connected to the first side wall or the second side wall and the second sub-region, respectively. The sixth arc-shaped region is connected to the first side wall or the second side wall and the first arc-shaped side wall. For another first sub-region, the first sub-region includes a fourth arc-shaped region, a fifth arc-shaped region, and a sixth arc-shaped region. The fourth arc-shaped region is connected to the top wall and the second sub-region, respectively. The fifth arc-shaped region is connected to the second side wall or the third side wall and the second sub-region, respectively. The sixth arc-shaped region is connected to the second side wall or the third side wall and the first arc-shaped side wall. The curvature radius R4 of the fourth arc region, the curvature radius R5 of the fifth arc region, and the curvature radius R6 of the sixth arc region satisfy: 1.2R6≥R5≥R4>R6.

19. The battery device according to claim 18, characterized in that, For one of the sixth arc-shaped regions, the sixth arc-shaped region includes an upper arc-shaped region and a lower arc-shaped region arranged adjacent to each other. The upper arc-shaped region is connected to the first sidewall or the second sidewall. The upper arc-shaped region is also connected to the fifth arc-shaped region. The lower arc-shaped region is connected to the first sidewall or the second sidewall. The lower arc-shaped region is also connected to the upper arc-shaped region and the first arc-shaped sidewall respectively. And / or, For another sixth arc-shaped region, the sixth arc-shaped region includes an upper arc-shaped region and a lower arc-shaped region arranged adjacent to each other. The upper arc-shaped region is connected to the second sidewall or the third sidewall. The upper arc-shaped region is also connected to the fifth arc-shaped region. The lower arc-shaped region is connected to the second sidewall or the third sidewall. The lower arc-shaped region is also connected to the upper arc-shaped region and the second arc-shaped sidewall respectively. The radius of curvature R of the upper arc-shaped region 61 and the radius of curvature R of the lower arc-shaped region 62 Satisfy: R 61 >R 62 .

20. The battery device according to claim 17, characterized in that, For one of the second sub-regions, the second sub-region includes a seventh arc-shaped region and an eighth arc-shaped region. The seventh arc-shaped region is located above the second central axis of the first arc-shaped connecting wall or above the third central axis of the first region. The eighth arc-shaped region is located below the second central axis of the first arc-shaped connecting wall or below the third central axis of the first region. And / or, For another second sub-region, the second sub-region includes a seventh arc-shaped region and an eighth arc-shaped region. The seventh arc-shaped region is located above the third central axis of the second arc-shaped connecting wall or above the third central axis of the first region. The eighth arc-shaped region is located below the fourth central axis of the second arc-shaped connecting wall or below the third central axis of the first region. The radius of curvature of the first region is R0, and the radius of curvature of the seventh arc region R7 and the radius of curvature of the eighth arc region R8 satisfy: 0.8R5≥R7=R8>R0.

21. The battery device according to claim 20, characterized in that, Along the second central axis of the first arc-shaped connecting wall toward the extension direction to the first region, the thickness change rate of the seventh arc-shaped region is greater than that of the fourth arc-shaped region, and the thickness change rate of the eighth arc-shaped region is greater than that of the fifth arc-shaped region.

22. The battery device according to claim 19, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the battery device, and the direction extends from the top wall into the interior of the receiving cavity, the thickness change rate of the fourth arc-shaped region increases, while the thickness change rates of the fifth arc-shaped region, the upper arc-shaped region, and the lower arc-shaped region all decrease.

23. A method for preparing a shell, characterized in that, The preparation method is used to form the housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 22, and the preparation method includes the following steps: A mold is provided, the mold comprising an upper mold and a lower mold; The raw materials for the housing assembly are fed into the lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are controlled to close. The raw material of the housing assembly is subjected to compression molding to form the housing assembly; The molded material is then opened, so that the shell assembly is separated from the upper mold and the lower mold respectively; The upper mold corresponds to the outer surface of the housing assembly, and the lower mold corresponds to the inner surface of the housing assembly. The upper mold includes a first arc-shaped region and a second arc-shaped region. The first arc-shaped region corresponds to the first arc-shaped region of the housing assembly, and the second arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped region of the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the first arc-shaped region is smaller than that of the second arc-shaped region. The lower mold includes a third arc-shaped region and a fourth arc-shaped region. The third arc-shaped region corresponds to the first arc-shaped region of the housing assembly, and the fourth arc-shaped region corresponds to the second arc-shaped region of the housing assembly. The radius of curvature of the third arc-shaped region is smaller than that of the fourth arc-shaped region.

24. The preparation method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first arc-shaped region includes a first inner arc-shaped surface and a first outer arc-shaped surface arranged opposite to each other, and the second arc-shaped region includes a second inner arc-shaped surface and a second outer arc-shaped surface arranged opposite to each other. The first inner arc-shaped surface has a first inner radius of curvature R. a1 The second inner arcuate surface has a second inner radius of curvature r. b1 R a1 <r b1 The first outer arc-shaped surface has a first outer radius of curvature R. a2 The second outer arcuate surface has a second outer radius of curvature r. b2 R a2 <r b2 ; After the molding process, the radius of curvature p1 of the first arc region and the radius of curvature p2 of the second arc region satisfy: R a2 ≤p1≤1.08R a2 1.02r b2 ≤p2≤1.05r b2 ; After the molding process, the radius of curvature p3 of the third arc region and the radius of curvature p4 of the fourth arc region satisfy: R a1 ≤p3≤1.08 R a1 1.02 r b1 ≤p4≤1.05 r b1 .

25. The preparation method according to claim 24, characterized in that, After the molding process, the thickness of the outer flange is H, where H≤p1≤1.6H, H≤p2≤1.4H, H≤p3≤1.5H, and H≤p4≤1.3H.

26. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a battery device and a liquid cooling assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 22, the liquid cooling assembly including liquid cooling pipes, at least a portion of the liquid cooling pipes being disposed on the side of the second sidewall away from the receiving cavity, and the battery device being used to store electrical energy.

27. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The electrical device includes a battery device and a liquid cooling assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 22, the liquid cooling assembly including liquid cooling pipes, at least a portion of the liquid cooling pipes being disposed on the side of the second sidewall away from the receiving cavity, and the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

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