A self-cooled box-type substation

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of transformer substations, in particular to a self-cooling box type transformer substation which comprises a box body, a negative pressure fan and an air outlet, a wind inlet cylinder is fixedly installed on the side wall of the box body, one end of the wind inlet cylinder extending out of the box body is slidably matched with a movable cylinder, a filter screen for dust prevention is rotatably connected to the movable cylinder, and a scraping rod is fixedly connected to the movable cylinder, and the outer surface of the filter screen is attached to the scraping rod. When dust accumulation on the filter screen seriously reduces the ventilation flow area, the filter screen automatically rotates, the scraping rod scrapes off the dust attached to the outer surface of the filter screen, and the automatic cleaning of the filter screen is realized; meanwhile, a blowing head comprehensively blows the filter screen to complete the blowing and dust removal of the filter screen mesh; the filter screen is cleaned through the mechanical scraping and blowing combination mode, the effective ventilation area of the filter screen can be quickly recovered, the air inlet ventilation volume is stabilized, cleaning and maintenance are not delayed, the temperature inside the box body is prevented from rising, and the equipment operation stability and the equipment service life are affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation technology, and specifically to a self-cooled box-type substation. Background Technology

[0002] A prefabricated substation is a compact, complete set of power distribution equipment that integrates high-voltage switchgear, distribution transformers, and low-voltage power distribution devices within an enclosed enclosure according to a wiring scheme. It is widely used in urban power grids, residential communities, and temporary power supply scenarios. Traditional prefabricated substations typically rely on negative pressure ventilation mechanisms to exchange air inside the cabinets, thus avoiding high-temperature heat buildup and preventing operational failures in core equipment such as transformers and high- and low-voltage power distribution components due to temperature rise.

[0003] When traditional prefabricated substations are used outdoors, they are easily affected by the complex outdoor environment such as wind, sand and dust. The dust filter components configured at the air inlet of the box are prone to dust accumulation and filter clogging. At present, the mainstream approach is to rely on manual disassembly and cleaning of the filter components regularly. This not only increases the workload of personnel, but if cleaning and maintenance are not done in time, the internal temperature of the box will rise, affecting the stability of equipment operation and the service life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-cooled box-type substation to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A self-cooled box-type substation includes a box, a negative pressure fan and an exhaust port. An air inlet duct is fixedly installed on the side wall of the box. One end of the air inlet duct extends out of the box and is slidably fitted with a movable cylinder. A dust filter is rotatably connected to the movable cylinder and a scraper is fixedly connected to it. The outer surface of the filter is in contact with the scraper. The other end of the air inlet is rotatably connected to a fan duct. The air outlet of the fan duct is equipped with an air direction adjustment mechanism. A negative pressure fan is installed inside the fan duct. A joint module is installed inside the fan duct. The power input part of the joint module is driven and connected to the fan shaft in the middle of the negative pressure fan. The joint module is equipped with a first output part and a second output part. The fan duct and the air direction adjustment mechanism are both driven and connected to the first output part. The filter screen is driven and connected to the joint module. A locking mechanism for circumferentially limiting the filter screen is installed inside the air inlet.

[0006] Preferably, a fixed frame is fixedly connected inside the air inlet duct, and a sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the filter screen, with the sleeve and the fixed frame slidingly connected through each other; a spring connecting part is rotatably connected to the side of the filter screen near the fixed frame, and a spring is installed between the fixed frame and the spring connecting part.

[0007] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a guide key fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve, and a U-shaped ball conductor is provided on the fixing frame, with the guide key slidingly engaging with the ball conductor.

[0008] Preferably, the air duct includes an outer duct and an inner duct; one end of the outer duct is rotatably connected to a first panel, and the other end is fixedly connected to a second panel, and the output end of the air inlet duct is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first panel. The inner cylinder is coaxially fixed inside the outer cylinder, with the input end of the inner cylinder corresponding to the output end of the air inlet duct, and the negative pressure fan is located inside the inner cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the joint module includes a mounting frame, and a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a third bevel gear are rotatably connected inside the mounting frame. The first bevel gear and the third bevel gear are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third bevel gear, and the third bevel gear is arranged between the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear. Both the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear are meshed with the second bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, a speed reducer is provided at the end of the fan shaft, and the output end of the speed reducer is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first bevel gear; A rotating rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the other end of the rotating rod passes through the mounting frame and the outer cylinder in sequence and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder. The third bevel gear has a transmission rod at the end away from the first bevel gear. The other end of the transmission rod passes through the mounting bracket and is inserted into the inside of the sleeve. The inner wall of the sleeve slides in fit with the outer surface of the transmission rod.

[0011] Preferably, the airflow adjustment mechanism includes an air outlet on the second panel and a plurality of hinge shafts rotatably connected to the second panel. The plurality of hinge shafts are arranged at equal intervals, and the hinge shafts are provided with airflow adjustment plates that match the air outlet. The second panel has a sliding rack, and the hinge shaft has a directional gear, with the rack meshing with the directional gear.

[0012] Preferably, a reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder, and a ball bearing seat is provided at one end of the rack near the side wall of the outer cylinder. The helical groove of the reciprocating screw slides in engagement with the balls of the ball bearing seat. Both the rotating rod and the reciprocating screw are provided with pulleys, and the two pulleys are engaged by belt drive.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet duct is provided with a purge head inside, the output part of the purge head is arranged facing the filter screen, and an opening is provided on the first panel, with the input part of the purge head communicating with the opening for fluid. One end of the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the first panel with a rotating frame. The transmission rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating frame. The rotating frame is provided with a sealing plate that matches the opening. The space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is set as a return channel. The other end of the inner cylinder is provided with a channel opening between it and the second panel. The inside of the inner cylinder is connected to the return channel through the channel opening.

[0014] Preferably, the movable cylinder located inside the air inlet duct is provided with rollers, and the inner wall of the air inlet duct is provided with a slide rail, with the rollers and the slide rail slidingly engaged.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. When dust accumulation on the filter screen causes a severe reduction in the ventilation cross-sectional area, the filter screen automatically rotates, and the scraper removes the dust and dirt adhering to the outer surface of the filter screen, achieving automatic cleaning of the filter screen; at the same time, the blower head thoroughly blows the filter screen, completing the dust removal from the filter screen mesh. This invention cleans the filter screen by combining mechanical scraping and blowing, which can quickly restore the effective ventilation cross-sectional area of ​​the filter screen, ensure stable air intake ventilation, and avoid untimely cleaning and maintenance, which could cause the internal temperature of the housing to rise, affecting the stability of equipment operation and the service life of the equipment.

[0016] 2. When the invention is in normal heat dissipation mode, the outer cylinder outputs airflow while rotating, which can implement diffused air supply inside the box. At the same time, the air direction adjustment plate swings back and forth to adjust the airflow direction, increase the airflow radiation range, further improve the heat dissipation uniformity inside the cavity, achieve a balanced heat dissipation and temperature control effect throughout the box, and ensure the stable operation of electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation duct of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation duct of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet duct of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of section B in the middle.

[0024] In the attached diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Negative pressure fan; 3. Air inlet duct; 4. Movable duct; 5. Filter screen; 6. Scraper; 7. Fan shaft; 8. Fixing bracket; 9. Sleeve; 10. Spring connection; 11. Spring; 12. Guide key; 13. Ball conductor; 14. Outer cylinder; 15. Inner cylinder; 16. First panel; 17. Second panel; 18. Mounting bracket; 19. First bevel gear; 20. Second bevel gear; 2 1. Third bevel gear; 22. Rotating rod; 23. Transmission rod; 24. Hinge shaft; 25. Air direction adjusting plate; 26. Rack; 27. Slide rail; 28. Directional gear; 29. ​​Reciprocating lead screw; 30. Ball bearing seat; 31. Pulley; 32. Opening; 33. Blowing head; 34. Rotating frame; 35. Enclosing plate; 36. Channel opening; 37. Return channel; 38. Roller; 39. Belt; 40. Reducer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following will be for reference. Figures 1 to 7 The various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] A self-cooled box-type substation, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the device includes a housing 1, a negative pressure fan 2, and an exhaust port. An air inlet duct 3 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 1. One end of the air inlet duct 3 extends out of the housing 1 and is slidably fitted with a movable cylinder 4. A dust filter 5 is rotatably connected to the movable cylinder 4, and a scraper 6 is fixedly connected to it. The outer surface of the filter 5 is in contact with the scraper 6. When the filter 5 rotates, the scraper 6 can scrape off the dirt on the surface of the filter 5.

[0027] The other end of the air inlet duct 3 is rotatably connected to a wind duct. The air outlet end of the wind duct is equipped with a wind direction adjustment mechanism. The negative pressure fan 2 is installed inside the wind duct. During the operation of the negative pressure fan 2, a negative pressure is formed inside the cavity of the air inlet duct 3. The outside gas is driven by the pressure difference to be introduced into the air inlet duct 3 and then into the interior of the box 1. The air inside the box 1 is discharged from the exhaust port, realizing rapid ventilation and cooling inside the box 1.

[0028] It should be noted that during long-term operation of this device, dust on the filter screen 5 will gradually increase, causing the filter screen 5 to become clogged, that is, the ventilation flow cross-sectional area will decrease, resulting in an increase in negative pressure inside the air inlet duct 3; under the force of the continuous increase in the pressure difference between the inside and outside, the movable cylinder 4 is pushed by the air pressure and is drawn into the interior of the air inlet duct 3.

[0029] like Figures 3-5As shown, a fixed frame 8 is fixedly connected inside the air inlet duct 3, and a sleeve 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to the filter screen 5. The sleeve 9 and the fixed frame 8 are slidably connected through each other. A spring connecting part 10 is rotatably connected to the side of the filter screen 5 near the fixed frame 8. A spring 11 is installed between the fixed frame 8 and the spring connecting part 10. The spring 11 is used to provide a restoring force for the filter screen 5. After the mesh of the filter screen 5 is cleared, the negative pressure intensity inside the air inlet duct 3 decreases, and the spring 11 increases the restoring driving force for the filter screen 5.

[0030] The movable cylinder 4 located inside the air inlet duct 3 is equipped with rollers 38, and the inner wall of the air inlet duct 3 is equipped with a slide rail 27. The rollers 38 and the slide rail 27 are slidably engaged. Through the rolling and sliding engagement between the rollers 38 and the slide rail 27, the frictional resistance generated during the sliding process of the movable cylinder 4 can be reduced.

[0031] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a locking mechanism for circumferentially limiting the filter screen 5 is installed inside the air inlet duct 3; the locking mechanism includes a guide key 12 fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve 9, and a U-shaped ball conductor 13 is provided on the fixing frame 8, with the guide key 12 and the ball conductor 13 slidingly engaged.

[0032] During normal operation of this device, the guide key 12 and the ball conductor 13 are in a mating state. At this time, the sleeve 9 cannot rotate, which limits the circumferential movement of the filter screen 5. When the filter screen 5 is blocked by dust, causing the movable cylinder 4 to retract into the air inlet duct 3, the sleeve 9 moves accordingly. When the sleeve 9 moves to the point where the end of the guide key 12 disengages from the ball conductor 13, the circumferential limitation on the sleeve 9 is released, which also releases the circumferential limitation on the filter screen 5.

[0033] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the air duct includes an outer cylinder 14 and an inner cylinder 15; one end of the outer cylinder 14 is rotatably connected to a first panel 16, and the other end is fixedly connected to a second panel 17. The output end of the air inlet duct 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first panel 16. When the outer cylinder 14 rotates, it drives the second panel 17 to rotate. The inner cylinder 15 is coaxially fixedly installed inside the outer cylinder 14, and the input end of the inner cylinder 15 corresponds to the output end of the air inlet duct 3. The negative pressure fan 2 is installed inside the inner cylinder 15.

[0034] The air duct is equipped with a joint module. The power input part of the joint module is driven and connected to the fan shaft 7 in the middle of the negative pressure fan 2. In this embodiment, the negative pressure fan 2 consists of fan blades and a motor. The motor is not shown. The fan blades are located inside the inner cylinder 15. The installation position of the motor is set according to the requirements. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail. The joint module is equipped with a first output part and a second output part. The air duct and the air direction adjustment mechanism are driven and connected to the first output part. The filter screen 5 is driven and connected to the joint module.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the joint module includes a mounting frame 18. A first bevel gear 19, a second bevel gear 20, and a third bevel gear 21 are rotatably connected inside the mounting frame 18. The first bevel gear 19 and the third bevel gear 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third bevel gear 21. The third bevel gear 21 is located between the first bevel gear 19 and the third bevel gear 21, and both the first bevel gear 19 and the third bevel gear 21 are meshed with the second bevel gear 20.

[0036] A speed reducer 40 is provided at the end of the fan shaft 7. The speed reducer 40 is used to reduce the transmission speed. The output end of the speed reducer 40 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 19. During the operation of the negative pressure fan 2, it will continuously drive the first bevel gear 19 to rotate slowly.

[0037] A rotating rod 22 is coaxially fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 20. The other end of the rotating rod 22 passes through the mounting frame 18 and the outer cylinder 14 in sequence and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder 14. A transmission rod 23 is provided at the end of the third bevel gear 21 away from the first bevel gear 19. The other end of the transmission rod 23 passes through the mounting frame 18 and is inserted into the inside of the sleeve 9. The inner wall of the sleeve 9 slides with the outer surface of the transmission rod 23. The transmission rod 23 can slide in the sleeve 9, but cannot rotate inside it. For example, a keyway is provided inside the sleeve 9, and a matching key block is provided on the transmission rod 23 to ensure that the sleeve 9 and the transmission rod 23 can rotate synchronously.

[0038] During normal operation of this device, the sleeve 9 is circumferentially limited, that is, the transmission rod 23 and the third bevel gear 21 are circumferentially limited. During the operation of the negative pressure fan 2, the first bevel gear 19 is continuously driven to rotate slowly. Since the position of the third bevel gear 21 is limited, the second bevel gear 20 will be driven to rotate. At the same time, the second bevel gear 20 rotates around the transmission rod 23 (the mounting bracket 18 will rotate synchronously). The rotating rod 22 rotates around the transmission rod 23 while rotating on its own axis. When the rotating rod 22 rotates around the transmission rod 23, it drives the outer cylinder 14 to rotate slowly.

[0039] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the airflow adjustment mechanism includes an air outlet on the second panel 17 and several hinge shafts 24 rotatably connected to the second panel 17. The multiple hinge shafts 24 are equally spaced, and each hinge shaft 24 is equipped with an airflow adjustment plate 25 that matches the air outlet. A rack 26 is slidably fitted on the second panel 17, and a directional gear 28 is provided on the hinge shaft 24. The rack 26 is meshed with the directional gear 28. When the rack 26 moves, it drives the directional gear 28 to rotate the hinge shaft 24 in the forward or reverse direction, and the airflow adjustment plate 25 swings up or down, thereby adjusting the airflow direction.

[0040] A reciprocating screw 29 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder 14. A ball bearing seat 30 is provided at one end of the rack 26 near the side wall of the outer cylinder 14. The helical groove of the reciprocating screw 29 slides with the balls of the ball bearing seat 30. Both the rotating rod 22 and the reciprocating screw 29 are provided with pulleys 31, and the two pulleys 31 are driven by the belt 39.

[0041] When the rotating rod 22 rotates, it drives the corresponding pulley 31 to rotate, which in turn drives another pulley 31 to rotate via the belt 39, causing the reciprocating screw 29 to rotate. Figure 7 Based on this, the ball bearing seat 30 is driven to move up and down with the rack 26, causing the wind direction adjustment plate 25 to swing up and down to continuously adjust the wind direction.

[0042] The air inlet duct 3 is equipped with a blower head 33. The output part of the blower head 33 is set towards the filter screen 5. An opening 32 is provided on the first panel 16. The input part of the blower head 33 is in fluid communication with the opening 32. When the blower head 33 sprays air, it blows and cleans the filter screen 5, thereby cleaning out the impurities in the mesh of the filter screen 5 and improving the unblocking effect.

[0043] A rotating frame 34 is rotatably connected between one end of the inner cylinder 15 and the first panel 16. The transmission rod 23 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating frame 34. A closing plate 35 matching the opening 32 is provided on the rotating frame 34. The space between the outer cylinder 14 and the inner cylinder 15 is set as a return channel 37. A channel opening 36 is provided between the other end of the inner cylinder 15 and the second panel 17. The interior of the inner cylinder 15 is fluidly connected to the return channel 37 through the channel opening 36. During normal operation of this device, the closing plate 35 is in the closed opening 32 state, and all the airflow output from the inner cylinder 15 comes from the second panel 17. Air is discharged from the outlet; when dust clogs the filter screen 5, causing the movable cylinder 4 to retract into the air inlet cylinder 3, the filter screen 5 is adjacent to the output part of the blow head 33. When the transmission rod 23 is released from its limit, the transmission rod 23 drives the rotating frame 34 to rotate, and the sealing plate 35 rotates accordingly, opening the opening 32. Affected by the airflow pressure output from the inner cylinder 15, a portion of the airflow will flow into the blow head 33 through the channel opening 36, the return channel 37, and the opening 32 in sequence. Then, the blow head 33 blows air to clean the filter screen 5. With the filter screen 5 rotating automatically, the filter screen 5 is thoroughly cleaned.

[0044] The working principle of this device is as follows: When the device is in normal heat dissipation mode, the guide key 12 and the ball conductor 13 are in a mating state, and the sleeve 9 is circumferentially locked and positioned, that is, the third bevel gear 21 and the transmission rod 23 are circumferentially constrained. During the continuous operation of the negative pressure fan 2, the first bevel gear 19 is driven to rotate slowly. Because the third bevel gear 21 is in a locked and limited state, the second bevel gear 20 rotates on its own axis and revolves around the transmission rod 23 (the mounting bracket 18 rotates synchronously), so that the rotating rod 22 rotates and revolves simultaneously. During the revolution of the rotating rod 22, it pushes the outer cylinder 14 to rotate at a low speed.

[0045] When the outer cylinder 14 is rotating, it outputs airflow, which can diffuse airflow into the interior of the box 1, achieving a balanced heat dissipation and temperature control effect throughout the box.

[0046] During the rotation of the rotating rod 22, it drives the corresponding pulley 31 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives another pulley 31 to rotate via the belt 39, causing the reciprocating screw 29 to rotate. The ball bearing seat 30 then moves linearly back and forth, thereby pulling the rack 26 to slide back and forth. Figure 4 Based on this, the wind direction adjustment plate 25 is driven to swing up and down repeatedly to adjust the wind direction and increase the airflow radiation range, further improving the heat dissipation uniformity inside the cavity and ensuring the stable operation of electrical equipment.

[0047] It should be noted that under long-term continuous operation of the device, the air inlet filter 5 is affected by the continuous adhesion and accumulation of outdoor dust and particulate matter, which reduces the ventilation cross-sectional area and causes the negative pressure inside the air inlet duct 3 to increase. As the pressure difference between the inside and outside atmosphere continues to increase, the movable cylinder 4 is gradually retracted into the air inlet duct 3 under the thrust of the pressure difference, and simultaneously drives the sleeve 9 to move.

[0048] When the sleeve 9 slides until the guide key 12 is completely disengaged from the ball conductor 13, the circumferential constraint of the sleeve 9 is released, that is, the circumferential limit on the third bevel gear 21 and the filter screen 5 is released; at this time, the first bevel gear 19 continues to rotate, only driving the second bevel gear 20 and the rotating rod 22 to rotate on their own axis, and the second bevel gear 20 and the rotating rod 22 no longer revolve around the central axis; the second bevel gear 20 transmits power to the third bevel gear 21, causing the transmission rod 23, the sleeve 9 and the filter screen 5 to rotate, and in conjunction with the fixedly arranged scraper 6, the dirt attached to the outer surface of the filter screen 5 is scraped off, thereby realizing the automatic cleaning of the filter screen 5.

[0049] It is worth noting that during the movement of the movable cylinder 4 into the air inlet duct 3, the filter screen 5 moves synchronously and approaches the airflow output section of the blow head 33; when the transmission rod 23 rotates, it synchronously drives the rotating frame 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the sealing plate 35 to rotate and open the opening 32. Affected by the airflow pressure output from the inner cylinder 15, a portion of the airflow will sequentially pass through the channel port 36, the return channel 37, and the opening 32 after the channel is opened and then be introduced into the blow head 33. The blow head 33 blows on the filter screen 5, and with the filter screen 5 being able to rotate, it completes the full-area airflow blowing and dust removal of the filter screen 5. Combined with the scraping dust removal mechanism, it achieves dual high-efficiency self-cleaning of the filter screen 5, quickly restores the effective ventilation cross-sectional area of ​​the filter screen 5, ensures stable airflow, and maintains the long-term and efficient operation of the internal heat dissipation system of the housing 1.

[0050] After the filter screen 5 is cleared, the negative pressure intensity inside the air inlet duct 3 decreases. When the sleeve 9 rotates to the point where the guide key 12 corresponds to the ball conductor 13, the spring 11 releases its force to drive the movable cylinder 4 to extend and reset. The guide key 12 is then inserted into the ball conductor 13, and the positions of the filter screen 5 and the third bevel gear 21 are re-fixed.

[0051] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cooled box-type substation, comprising a box body (1), a negative pressure fan (2), and an exhaust port, characterized in that, An air inlet duct (3) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the box (1). The end of the air inlet duct (3) extending out of the box (1) is slidably fitted with a movable cylinder (4). A dust filter (5) for dust prevention is rotatably connected to the movable cylinder (4), and a scraper (6) is fixedly connected to it. The outer surface of the filter (5) is in contact with the scraper (6). The other end of the air inlet duct (3) is rotatably connected to a wind duct. The air outlet end of the wind duct is equipped with a wind direction adjustment mechanism. The negative pressure fan (2) is installed inside the wind duct. The wind duct is equipped with a joint module. The power input part of the joint module is driven and connected to the fan shaft (7) in the middle of the negative pressure fan (2). The joint module is equipped with a first output part and a second output part. The wind duct and the wind direction adjustment mechanism are driven and connected to the first output part. The filter screen (5) is driven and connected to the joint module. The air inlet duct (3) is equipped with a locking mechanism for circumferentially limiting the filter screen (5).

2. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed frame (8) is fixedly connected inside the air inlet duct (3), and a sleeve (9) is fixedly connected coaxially on the filter screen (5). The sleeve (9) and the fixed frame (8) slide through each other. A spring connecting part (10) is rotatably connected to the side of the filter screen (5) near the fixed frame (8), and a spring (11) is installed between the fixed frame (8) and the spring connecting part (10).

3. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes a guide key (12) fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve (9), and a U-shaped ball conductor (13) is provided on the fixing frame (8). The guide key (12) and the ball conductor (13) slide together.

4. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air duct includes an outer cylinder (14) and an inner cylinder (15); one end of the outer cylinder (14) is rotatably connected to a first panel (16), and the other end is fixedly connected to a second panel (17); the output end of the air inlet duct (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first panel (16). The inner cylinder (15) is coaxially fixed inside the outer cylinder (14). The input end of the inner cylinder (15) corresponds to the output end of the air inlet cylinder (3). The negative pressure fan (2) is installed inside the inner cylinder (15).

5. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The joint module includes a mounting frame (18), and a first bevel gear (19), a second bevel gear (20) and a third bevel gear (21) are rotatably connected inside the mounting frame (18). The first bevel gear (19) and the third bevel gear (21) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third bevel gear (21). The third bevel gear (21) is located between the first bevel gear (19) and the third bevel gear (21), and both the first bevel gear (19) and the third bevel gear (21) are meshed with the second bevel gear (20).

6. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fan shaft (7) is provided with a speed reducer (40) at its end, and the output end of the speed reducer (40) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (19). A rotating rod (22) is coaxially fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (20). The other end of the rotating rod (22) passes through the mounting frame (18) and the outer cylinder (14) in sequence and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder (14). The third bevel gear (21) has a transmission rod (23) at one end away from the first bevel gear (19). The other end of the transmission rod (23) passes through the mounting bracket (18) and is inserted into the inside of the sleeve (9). The inner wall of the sleeve (9) slides with the outer surface of the transmission rod (23).

7. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wind direction adjustment mechanism includes an air outlet on the second panel (17) and a plurality of hinge shafts (24) rotatably connected to the second panel (17). The plurality of hinge shafts (24) are arranged at equal intervals, and the hinge shafts (24) are provided with wind direction adjustment plates (25) that match the air outlet. A rack (26) is slidably fitted on the second panel (17), and a directional gear (28) is provided on the hinge shaft (24). The rack (26) and the directional gear (28) are meshed and connected.

8. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 7, characterized in that, A reciprocating screw (29) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder (14). A ball bearing seat (30) is provided at one end of the rack (26) near the side wall of the outer cylinder (14). The spiral groove of the reciprocating screw (29) slides with the ball bearing seat (30). Both the rotating rod (22) and the reciprocating screw (29) are provided with pulleys (31). The two pulleys (31) are driven by the belt (39).

9. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air inlet tube (3) is provided with a blower head (33) inside. The output part of the blower head (33) is set towards the filter screen (5). An opening (32) is opened on the first panel (16). The input part of the blower head (33) is in fluid communication with the opening (32). One end of the inner cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to the first panel (16) by a rotating frame (34). The transmission rod (23) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating frame (34). The rotating frame (34) is provided with a closing plate (35) that matches the opening (32). The space between the outer cylinder (14) and the inner cylinder (15) is set as a return channel (37). The other end of the inner cylinder (15) is provided with a channel opening (36) between it and the second panel (17). The inner cylinder (15) is fluidly connected to the return channel (37) through the channel opening (36).

10. A self-cooled box-type substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rollers (38) are provided on the movable cylinder (4) located inside the air inlet duct (3), and slide rails (27) are provided on the inner wall of the air inlet duct (3). The rollers (38) and slide rails (27) are in sliding cooperation.

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