Charging control method, charging control device, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a charging control method, a charging control device, an electronic device and a storage medium. The charging control method comprises the following steps: when a state of charge (SOC) of the battery reaches a first preset condition, controlling the battery to enter a first constant-voltage charging stage; when an actual charging current value reaches a second preset condition, controlling the battery to enter a constant-current charging stage; and when a battery voltage reaches a third preset condition, controlling the battery to enter a second constant-voltage charging stage until a preset charging stop condition is reached. The charging control method provided in the application embodiment solves the problem that the charging current decreases when the state of charge of the battery reaches a certain value during the charging process, thereby causing the charging speed to decrease and the charging time to be prolonged. The charging speed is improved and the charging time is shortened through the two constant-voltage charging stages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a charging control method, a charging control device, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] New energy electric vehicles use power batteries as their power source. Power batteries offer advantages such as high energy density, rechargeability, safety, and environmental friendliness, leading to an increasing market share for new energy electric vehicles. When purchasing a new energy electric vehicle, charging speed is one of the most important performance indicators for many consumers, especially during long-distance driving. A faster charging speed can save charging time and alleviate the anxiety of car owners when the battery is low. However, during charging, as the battery's state of charge (SOC) increases, the charging current decreases, resulting in a slower charging speed. Current technology lacks solutions to control the charging process and prevent this decrease in charging current, which in turn reduces charging speed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a charging control method, a charging control device, an electronic device, and a storage medium, which can improve the charging speed by controlling the charging process of a power battery.

[0004] Firstly, a charging control method is provided, including: During battery charging, the battery is controlled to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages according to the corresponding trigger conditions, wherein the trigger conditions corresponding to the at least two constant voltage charging stages are different.

[0005] The charging control method provided in this application can effectively improve battery charging efficiency and maximize charging safety by using at least two constant voltage charging stages during battery charging.

[0006] In one implementation, the at least two constant voltage charging phases include a first constant voltage charging phase and a second constant voltage charging phase; The triggering conditions for the first constant voltage charging stage include the first battery parameter reaching a first preset condition; The triggering conditions for the second constant voltage charging stage include the second battery parameters reaching a third preset condition.

[0007] During battery charging, controlling the battery to enter two constant voltage charging stages according to different triggering conditions can effectively improve battery charging efficiency and ensure charging safety to the greatest extent.

[0008] In one implementation, the first battery parameter includes the battery's state of charge (SOC); the second battery parameter includes the battery voltage. The step of controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging phases according to the corresponding triggering conditions includes: When the state of charge (SOC) of the battery reaches a first preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

[0009] During battery charging, controlling the battery to enter two constant voltage charging stages according to different triggering conditions can effectively improve battery charging efficiency and ensure charging safety to the greatest extent.

[0010] In one implementation, the first battery parameter includes the battery's state of charge (SOC); the second battery parameter includes the battery voltage. The step of controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging phases according to the corresponding triggering conditions includes: When the state of charge (SOC) of the battery reaches a first preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. Based on the actual charging current value reaching the second preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the constant current charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

[0011] This charging control method solves the problem that the charging current drops when the battery's state of charge reaches a certain value during the charging process, which leads to a decrease in charging speed and an increase in charging time. By using two constant voltage charging stages, the charging speed is improved, the charging time is shortened, and charging safety is ensured.

[0012] In one implementation, controlling the battery to enter the first constant-voltage charging stage based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaching a first preset condition includes: When the battery's State of Charge (SOC) reaches a preset SOC threshold, the system controls constant-voltage charging based on a target voltage value, which is the maximum voltage of the battery cell during the pre-charging process. Constant-voltage charging ensures that the charging current does not decrease when the battery reaches the preset SOC threshold, thus preventing prolonged charging time. It also improves charging speed, prevents lithium plating, and ensures charging safety.

[0013] In one implementation, the control of performing constant-voltage charging on the battery based on a constant-voltage charging target voltage value includes: Based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value, negative feedback PID control is performed to keep the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value within a second preset range while charging the battery. PID control of constant-voltage charging ensures a relatively stable charging voltage state and maintains a high charging speed during the charging process.

[0014] In one implementation, the step of performing negative feedback PID control based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to control the battery charging by keeping the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value within a second preset range includes: Calculate the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value to obtain the first difference value; The first difference is used as a feedback value to adjust the real-time charging voltage value, thereby controlling the difference between the real-time charging voltage and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to remain within a second preset range while charging the battery. Adjusting the real-time charging voltage value through PID control ensures a relatively stable charging voltage state and maintains a high charging speed during the charging process.

[0015] In one implementation, adjusting the real-time charging voltage value using the first difference as a feedback value for negative feedback PID control includes: When the first difference is less than the lower limit of the second preset interval, the real-time charging voltage value is increased by negative feedback PID adjustment control until the first difference is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the second preset interval. When the first difference is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range, the real-time charging voltage is reduced through negative feedback PID control until the first difference is less than or equal to the upper limit of the second preset range. Adjusting the real-time charging voltage through PID control ensures a relatively stable charging voltage state and maintains a high charging speed during the charging process.

[0016] In one implementation, controlling the battery to enter the constant current charging stage based on the actual charging current value reaching a second preset condition includes: When the actual charging current value remains below a first preset current threshold for a first preset duration, the battery is controlled to undergo constant current charging based on the first preset current threshold. This constant current charging phase ensures that the charging current value remains at a high level, preventing a decrease in charging speed and ensuring a high charging rate.

[0017] In one implementation, the control of constant current charging of the battery according to the first preset current threshold includes: The battery is charged by controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the first preset current threshold to remain within a third preset range. By controlling the actual charging current value, it is ensured that the charging current value is kept at a high level, preventing a decrease in charging speed and ensuring a high charging speed.

[0018] In one implementation, controlling the battery to undergo a second constant-voltage charging based on the battery voltage reaching a third preset condition includes: When the battery voltage exceeds the full charge cutoff voltage, the control initiates a second constant-voltage charge based on the full charge cutoff voltage. This second constant-voltage charge stage prevents a drop in charging current, ensuring a high charging speed and guaranteeing that the battery receives sufficient charge, thus preventing undercharging.

[0019] In one implementation, the control performs a second constant-voltage charge on the battery based on the full-charge cutoff voltage, including: By using negative feedback PID control, the difference between the actual charging voltage and the full charge cutoff voltage is kept within a fourth preset range to charge the battery. Performing a second constant-voltage charge ensures the battery receives sufficient charge, preventing undercharging.

[0020] In one implementation, stopping charging when a preset charging stop condition is met includes: stopping charging when the actual charging current value is continuously less than a second preset current threshold for a second preset duration, thereby ensuring that the battery is charged with enough power.

[0021] In one implementation, before controlling the battery to enter the first constant-voltage charging stage based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaching a first preset condition, the method further includes: Control the pre-charging of the battery.

[0022] In one implementation, the control pre-charges the battery, including: The appropriate charging current value is obtained based on the real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC of the battery. The battery is charged according to the adapted charging current value. By controlling the charging of the battery according to the acquired adapted charging current value, charging safety during the pre-charging phase and a larger charging speed can be ensured.

[0023] In one implementation, obtaining the appropriate charging current value based on the battery's real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC includes: Based on the real-time SOC or real-time voltage, and in conjunction with the real-time temperature, the corresponding adaptive charging current value is obtained by looking up a charging window table. By controlling the charging of the battery according to the adaptive charging current value obtained from the lookup table, charging safety and a relatively fast charging speed during the pre-charging phase can be ensured.

[0024] In one implementation, the control of charging the battery according to the adapted charging current value includes: The battery is charged by controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the adapted charging current value to remain within a first preset range. By controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the adapted charging current value to remain within the first preset range, charging safety during the pre-charging phase and a higher charging speed can be ensured.

[0025] Secondly, a charging control device is provided for controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages according to corresponding triggering conditions during the battery charging process, wherein the triggering conditions corresponding to the at least two constant voltage charging stages are different.

[0026] The charging control device can realize the charging control method of the first aspect, which can effectively improve the charging efficiency of the battery by using at least two constant voltage charging stages during the battery charging process, and can ensure charging safety to the maximum extent.

[0027] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the charging control method described in any of the preceding claims. This electronic device can achieve the same beneficial technical effects as the charging control method described above.

[0028] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which is executed by a processor to implement the charging control method described in any of the preceding claims. This computer-readable storage medium achieves the same beneficial technical effects as the charging control method described above.

[0029] Fifthly, a power device is provided, comprising a power battery and the electronic equipment described in the third aspect, wherein the power battery is used to provide electrical energy, and the electronic equipment is used to perform the charging control method described in any of the preceding claims on the power battery. This power device can achieve the same beneficial technical effects as the charging control method described above. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a charging control method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a charging control method according to other embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a functional principle diagram of the PID control algorithm.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating how, in some embodiments of this application, the first difference is used as the feedback value for negative feedback PID regulation to adjust the real-time charging voltage value.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of controlling the pre-charging of the battery in some embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a charging control device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a charging control device provided in other embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a power device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not vertical in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range.

[0043] The directional terms used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] With the development of science and technology and the progress of the times, new energy vehicles, due to their advantages such as good environmental performance, low noise, and low operating costs, can effectively promote energy conservation and emission reduction, meet environmental protection requirements, and contribute to the sustainable development of society and the economy. Their market share is increasing. New energy vehicles use power batteries as their power source, among which lithium-ion batteries are the most commonly used type.

[0045] Currently, electric vehicles typically use lithium-ion battery systems as their power source. Since lithium-ion batteries are chemical systems, their charging capability is limited by multiple chemical reactions within the battery. The inventors of this application have discovered that during charging, outside the battery, electrons move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Simultaneously with this electron movement, lithium ions in the solid phase of the positive electrode diffuse from the bulk phase to the surface, undergoing charge transfer at the solid / liquid interface. Through mass transfer in the liquid phase, they reach the surface of the negative electrode, passing through the solid-liquid interface (SEI) and entering the graphite surface layer. Then, they diffuse with electrons waiting in the conductive network of the negative electrode into the bulk lattice of the negative electrode (usually graphite). Because graphite has layered channels, when lithium ions embed into these channels, they form lithium-carbon compounds with carbon, forming LiC. x(x=1~6) These are graphite intercalation compounds, which then undergo solid-state transport within graphite. As the amount of lithium intercalated in graphite increases, the value of x increases from x=0 to x=1, thus gradually generating lithium-intercalated compounds of different phases, such as first-order, fourth-order, third-order, second-order, and first-order. Corresponding to the phase transitions of the aforementioned lithium-intercalated chemistry, charge-discharge curves show 0.21V, 0.12V, and 0.08V (vs Li) values. + A potential plateau appears near Li; when the lithium-ion intercalation amount is greater than 50%, the graphite anode potential of the lithium-ion battery will gradually decrease from 0.12V to 0.08V, corresponding to the lithium-ion intercalation amount decreasing from LiC. 12 Transition to LiC6.

[0046] Lithium plating at the negative electrode is the leading cause of safety accidents in lithium-ion batteries. Many factors contribute to this plating, with excessive charging current being a primary cause. Lithium plating reduces the thermal stability of the negative electrode, and the formed lithium dendrites may puncture the separator, causing a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, thus leading to a battery safety accident.

[0047] During the charging process of electric vehicles, ensuring a sufficiently high charging current while preventing lithium plating requires a comprehensive balance. Furthermore, the inventors discovered that during charging, a higher State of Charge (SOC) results in more lithium intercalation, but a lower charging current for the battery cell. Currently, many battery manufacturers, for the sake of cell charging safety, simply increase the charging speed within a 0-80% (or other threshold) SOC range. However, when the SOC exceeds this threshold, the charging capacity drops sharply, leading to excessively long overall charging times. Therefore, how to scientifically and rationally reduce the charging current of the battery cell gradually when the SOC exceeds a certain threshold is a problem that the vehicle's Battery Management System (BMS) needs to solve. The inventors also discovered that constant voltage charging is an effective charging method that balances charging time and charging safety. When the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage, the potential of the positive electrode gradually increases as lithium ions are continuously extracted; while the potential of the negative electrode gradually decreases as lithium ions are continuously inserted. During constant voltage charging, the positive electrode potential continuously increases while the current gradually decreases, thus causing the negative electrode potential to rise slowly. Therefore, when entering the constant voltage charging process, the negative electrode potential does not drop to 0V, a lithium plating potential, and lithium plating of the lithium-ion battery will not occur during constant voltage charging, thus preventing safety accidents.

[0048] For ease of description, the following will use the application of power batteries in new energy vehicles (electric vehicles) as an example. The battery in this embodiment can be a single cell, a battery module, or a battery pack; no limitation is made here. In terms of application scenarios, the battery can be used in power devices such as automobiles and ships. For example, it can be used in electric vehicles to power the motor, serving as the power source for electric vehicles. The battery can also power other electrical components in electric vehicles, such as in-vehicle air conditioning and in-vehicle media players.

[0049] To address the issue of rapid current drop during charging when the State of Charge (SOC) exceeds a certain threshold, leading to prolonged charging time, this application provides an improved strategy based on constant voltage control. This strategy enhances the charging speed of the power battery while ensuring charging safety. The charging control method involves pre-charging the battery. Upon reaching a first preset condition (SOC), the battery enters a first constant voltage charging stage. Upon reaching a second preset condition (actual charging current), the battery enters a constant current charging stage. Upon reaching a third preset condition (battery voltage), the battery enters a second constant voltage charging stage. Charging continues until a preset charging stop condition is met. This approach solves the problem of decreased charging current and prolonged charging time when the battery's SOC reaches a certain value. By employing two constant voltage charging stages, the charging speed is improved, the charging time is shortened, and charging safety is ensured.

[0050] One embodiment of this application provides a charging control method, including: during battery charging, controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages according to corresponding trigger conditions, wherein the trigger conditions corresponding to the at least two constant voltage charging stages are different.

[0051] Specifically, the at least two constant voltage charging phases include a first constant voltage charging phase and a second constant voltage charging phase; the triggering condition for the first constant voltage charging phase includes the first battery parameter reaching a first preset condition; the triggering condition for the second constant voltage charging phase includes the second battery parameter reaching a third preset condition.

[0052] For example, the first battery parameter may include the battery's state of charge (SOC); the second battery parameter may include the battery voltage.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery is controlled to enter at least two constant-voltage charging phases according to corresponding triggering conditions, including: S10. When the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches the first preset condition, control the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. S30. When the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, control the battery to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

[0054] The charging control method provided in this application can effectively improve battery charging efficiency and maximize charging safety by using at least two constant voltage charging stages during battery charging.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages according to the corresponding triggering conditions includes steps S10 to S30.

[0056] The charging control method can be implemented by a Battery Management System (BMS). For example, when the vehicle enters fast charging mode with high voltage, the charging gun is inserted for charging. The charging station and the vehicle exchange information, and the vehicle communicates internally with the BMS. The BMS calculates the acceptable charging capacity of the battery cells based on current voltage, temperature, and SOC information and sends this information to the vehicle system and the charging station. When the charging station receives the charging request current information from the BMS, it responds promptly and outputs the requested charging current. The battery contains at least one cell.

[0057] S10. When the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches the first preset condition, control the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. Specifically, based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaching a first preset condition, controlling the battery to enter the first constant-voltage charging stage can include: when the battery's SOC reaches a preset SOC threshold, controlling the battery to undergo constant-voltage charging according to a target voltage value, where the target voltage value is the maximum voltage value of the battery cell during the pre-charging process. Constant-voltage charging ensures that when the battery's SOC reaches the preset threshold, the charging current is prevented from decreasing, thus preventing prolonged charging time. Constant-voltage charging also improves charging speed and prevents lithium plating, ensuring charging safety.

[0058] For example, if the preset SOC threshold is 20%, then when the battery's SOC reaches 20%, the BMS controls the battery to perform constant voltage charging.

[0059] Specifically, controlling the battery to undergo constant-voltage charging based on the target constant-voltage charging value includes: performing negative feedback PID adjustment based on the real-time charging voltage value and the target constant-voltage charging voltage value to control the battery charging while keeping the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the target constant-voltage charging voltage value within a second preset range. PID control of constant-voltage charging ensures a relatively stable charging voltage state and maintains a high charging speed during the charging process.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the PID control algorithm is a control algorithm that combines proportional, integral, and derivative operations into one. It calculates the input deviation value according to the proportional, integral, and derivative functional relationships, and the result is used to control the output. The second preset interval can be, for example, [-0.5, 0.5], in V, ensuring that the difference between the real-time charging voltage and the constant-voltage charging target voltage is greater than or equal to -0.5V and less than or equal to 0.5V.

[0061] Specifically, negative feedback PID control is performed based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to control the battery charging by keeping the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value within a second preset range. This includes: calculating the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to obtain a first difference; and using the first difference as the feedback value for PID control to adjust the real-time charging voltage value to control the battery charging by keeping the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value within the second preset range. For example, in this step, the PID control can use the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to synthesize the proportional / integral / derivative signals of the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value into a control quantity to control the controlled process. By adjusting the real-time charging voltage value through PID control, a more stable charging voltage state can be ensured, ensuring a higher charging speed during the charging process.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first difference is used as the feedback value for negative feedback PID control to adjust the real-time charging voltage value, including: 1) When the first difference is less than the lower limit of the second preset interval, the real-time charging voltage value is increased by negative feedback PID regulation control until the first difference is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the second preset interval; 2) When the first difference is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range, the real-time charging voltage value is reduced by negative feedback PID regulation control until the first difference is less than or equal to the upper limit of the second preset range.

[0063] By adjusting the real-time charging voltage value through PID control, a relatively stable charging voltage state can be ensured, thus maintaining a high charging speed during the charging process.

[0064] During the pre-charging process, as the charging voltage and state of charge (SOC) increase, a critical point requiring current reduction is reached when the SOC exceeds a preset SOC threshold. The maximum voltage value of the battery cell during the pre-charging process is recorded and stored. Then, the constant voltage charging stage begins, where the charging voltage is stabilized near the stored maximum battery cell voltage value. For example, the second preset range can be [-0.5, 0.5], in V. When the first difference is less than -0.5V, the real-time charging voltage is increased through PID control until the first difference is greater than or equal to -0.5V. When the first difference is greater than 0.5V, the real-time charging voltage is decreased through negative feedback PID control until the first difference is less than or equal to 0.5V.

[0065] Specifically, in the first constant-voltage charging stage, the Battery Management System (BMS) can perform negative feedback PID control based on the battery cell's maximum current capability, the real-time acquired current value, and the difference between the real-time acquired maximum battery cell voltage and the constant-voltage charging target voltage. By adjusting the parameters in the proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) components of the PID algorithm, the battery's charging voltage is maintained within the constant-voltage charging target voltage ± deviation threshold. For example, in this step, the PID control can use the difference between the maximum current capability and the real-time acquired current value to synthesize the proportional / integral / derivative signals of the maximum current capability and the real-time acquired current value into a control quantity to control the controlled process. Simultaneously, based on the difference between the real-time acquired maximum battery cell voltage and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value, the proportional / integral / derivative signals of the real-time acquired maximum battery cell voltage and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value are also synthesized into a control quantity to control the controlled process.

[0066] The actual charging current value may vary depending on the requested current issued by the battery management system. In some implementations, during the first constant voltage charging phase, the battery management system (BMS) controls the requested current to adaptively adjust and continuously decrease according to the dynamic capability of the cell. When the actual current value that follows the changes in the requested current in real time is detected to be less than a certain current threshold for a preset duration, the constant current charging phase is entered.

[0067] In some embodiments, prior to step S10, the method of this embodiment further includes: S00, controlling the pre-charging of the battery.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, controlling the pre-charging of the battery includes: S001. Obtain the appropriate charging current value based on the battery's real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC.

[0069] In some implementations, the appropriate charging current value is obtained based on the battery's real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time state of charge (SOC). This includes obtaining the corresponding appropriate charging current value by looking up a charging window table based on the real-time SOC or real-time voltage and the real-time temperature. By controlling the charging of the battery according to the appropriate charging current value obtained from the lookup table, charging safety and a higher charging speed during the pre-charging phase can be ensured.

[0070] Specifically, by accurately identifying the SOC or voltage value of the battery cell, and combining it with the cell's temperature, the appropriate charging current value can be obtained by looking up the charging window table based on the cell's maximum and minimum SOC or real-time voltage value, and the cell's maximum and minimum temperatures.

[0071] S002, Control the charging of the battery according to the appropriate charging current value.

[0072] By controlling the charging of the battery according to the acquired adaptive charging current value, charging safety and a large charging speed can be ensured during the pre-charging stage.

[0073] In some implementations, controlling the charging of the battery according to the adapted charging current value includes: controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the adapted charging current value to remain within a first preset range while charging the battery. By controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the adapted charging current value to remain within the first preset range while charging the battery, charging safety during the pre-charging phase and a higher charging speed can be ensured.

[0074] S20. When the actual charging current value reaches the second preset condition, control the battery to enter the constant current charging stage.

[0075] In some implementations, the battery is controlled to enter a constant current charging stage based on a second preset condition reached by the actual charging current value. This includes: when the actual charging current value is continuously less than a first preset current threshold for a first preset duration, controlling the battery to perform constant current charging according to the first preset current threshold. The constant current charging stage ensures that the charging current value remains at a high level, preventing a decrease in charging speed and ensuring a high charging speed.

[0076] For example, controlling the constant current charging of the battery according to a first preset current threshold includes: controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the first preset current threshold to remain within a third preset range, and charging the battery. By controlling the actual charging current value, it is possible to ensure that the charging current value is kept at a high level, avoiding a decrease in charging speed and ensuring a high charging speed.

[0077] For example, if the first preset current threshold is 25A, the first preset duration is 5min, and the third preset range is [-1, 1], with the unit being A, then when the actual charging current value is continuously less than 25A for 5min, the difference between the actual charging current value and 25A is controlled to remain within [-1, 1] to charge the battery.

[0078] S30. Based on the battery voltage reaching the third preset condition, control the battery to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops. The second constant voltage charging stage can prevent the charging current value from decreasing, ensure that a high charging speed is maintained, and ensure that the battery is charged with enough power to avoid insufficient charging.

[0079] In some implementations, based on the battery voltage reaching a third preset condition, a second constant-voltage charging is controlled, including: when the battery voltage is greater than the full-charge cutoff voltage, controlling the battery to undergo a second constant-voltage charging based on the full-charge cutoff voltage. This second constant-voltage charging stage can prevent a decrease in the charging current value, ensuring a high charging speed, and ensuring that the battery receives sufficient charge, preventing insufficient battery charging.

[0080] For example, controlling the battery to undergo a second constant-voltage charge based on the full-charge cutoff voltage includes: controlling the difference between the actual charging voltage and the full-charge cutoff voltage to remain within a fourth preset range through negative feedback PID regulation, thereby charging the battery. Performing a second constant-voltage charge on the battery can prevent a decrease in the charging current value, ensure a high charging speed, and ensure that the battery receives sufficient charge, avoiding insufficient battery charge.

[0081] For example, if the full charge cutoff voltage is 100V and the fourth preset range is [-2,2], with the unit being V, then through negative feedback PID regulation, the difference between the actual charging voltage value and 100V is controlled to remain within [-2,2] to charge the battery.

[0082] In some implementations, stopping charging when a preset charging stop condition is met includes stopping charging when the actual charging current value is continuously less than a second preset current threshold for a second preset duration, thereby ensuring that the battery is charged with enough power.

[0083] For example, during the constant current charging stage, when the battery voltage is greater than the full charge cutoff voltage, the second constant voltage charging stage begins. The battery management system (BMS) can perform PID adjustment on the requested current of the battery cell based on the real-time collected maximum voltage value of the battery cell, so that the maximum voltage value of the battery cell is maintained at the full charge cutoff voltage ± deviation threshold. The battery management system controls the requested current to adaptively adjust and continuously decrease according to the dynamic capability of the battery cell. When the actual charging current value that follows the real-time change of the requested current is detected to be less than the second preset current threshold for a second preset time, charging is stopped.

[0084] For example, if the second preset current threshold is 30A and the second preset duration is 3min, then charging will stop when the actual charging current value is less than 30A for 5 minutes.

[0085] For example, lithium-ion batteries are the most commonly used type of power battery. The charging cutoff voltage of lithium-ion batteries is usually determined by the characteristics of the cell materials and the electrochemical safe charging window of the electrolyte materials. Excessively high charging cutoff voltage can lead to the collapse of the cell material's crystal structure, electrolyte decomposition, and an increase in side reactions, which can affect the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries and may also cause safety issues. Therefore, during the charging process of electric vehicles, the battery management system (BMS) constantly monitors the maximum single-cell voltage in the PACK system. When the maximum single-cell voltage exceeds the full charge cutoff voltage for a period of time, the battery management system (BMS) will set the full charge flag, thereby ending the charging process.

[0086] The charging control method of this application addresses the problem that the charging current decreases when the battery's state of charge reaches a certain value, leading to a decrease in charging speed and an increase in charging time. By employing two constant-voltage charging stages, the charging speed is improved and the charging time is shortened. Furthermore, constant-voltage charging avoids lithium plating and ensures charging safety. In addition, constant-voltage charging is an effective charging method that balances charging time and charging safety. The charging control method provided in this application includes two constant-voltage charging stages, achieving an effective balance between charging time and charging safety, ensuring both a high charging speed and charging safety.

[0087] Another embodiment of this application provides a charging control device for controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages according to corresponding trigger conditions during battery charging, wherein the trigger conditions corresponding to the at least two constant voltage charging stages are different.

[0088] Specifically, the at least two constant voltage charging phases include a first constant voltage charging phase and a second constant voltage charging phase; the triggering condition for the first constant voltage charging phase includes the first battery parameter reaching a first preset condition; the triggering condition for the second constant voltage charging phase includes the second battery parameter reaching a third preset condition.

[0089] The first battery parameter may include the battery's state of charge (SOC); the second battery parameter may include the battery voltage.

[0090] In some embodiments, the charging control device controls the battery to enter at least two constant-voltage charging stages according to corresponding triggering conditions, including: controlling the battery to enter a first constant-voltage charging stage when the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches a first preset condition; controlling the battery to enter a second constant-voltage charging stage when the battery voltage reaches a third preset condition, until charging stops when a preset charging stop condition is reached.

[0091] Correspondingly, such as Figure 6 As shown, the charging control device includes: The first control module is used to control the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage when the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches the first preset condition. The third control module is used to control the battery to enter the second constant voltage charging stage when the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

[0092] In some embodiments, the charging control device controls the battery to enter at least two constant-voltage charging stages according to corresponding triggering conditions, including: controlling the battery to enter the first constant-voltage charging stage when the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches a first preset condition; controlling the battery to enter the constant-current charging stage when the actual charging current value reaches a second preset condition; controlling the battery to enter the second constant-voltage charging stage when the battery voltage reaches a third preset condition, until charging stops when a preset charging stop condition is reached.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, correspondingly, the charging control device includes: The first control module is used to control the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage when the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaches the first preset condition. The second control module is used to control the battery to enter the constant current charging stage based on the actual charging current value reaching the second preset condition. The third control module is used to control the battery to enter the second constant voltage charging stage when the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

[0094] In some embodiments, the charging control device further includes a module for controlling pre-charging of the battery before the first control module controls the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage according to the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaching a first preset condition. The control of pre-charging the battery by the module controlling pre-charging the battery may include: obtaining an appropriate charging current value based on the battery's real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC; and controlling the charging of the battery according to the appropriate charging current value.

[0095] Furthermore, controlling the charging of the battery according to the adapted charging current value may include: controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the adapted charging current value to be kept within a first preset range, and charging the battery accordingly.

[0096] In some implementations, the process performed by the first control module to obtain the appropriate charging current value based on the battery's real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC may include: obtaining the corresponding appropriate charging current value by looking up a table in the charging window table based on the real-time SOC or real-time voltage and the real-time temperature.

[0097] In some implementations, the first control module's action of controlling the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaching a first preset condition includes: when the battery's SOC reaches a preset SOC threshold, controlling the battery to perform constant voltage charging based on a constant voltage charging target voltage value, where the constant voltage charging target voltage value is the maximum voltage value of the battery cell during the pre-charging process.

[0098] Furthermore, controlling the constant voltage charging of the battery according to the constant voltage charging target voltage value includes: performing negative feedback PID adjustment based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value, so as to control the battery to be charged while keeping the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value within a second preset range.

[0099] Furthermore, negative feedback PID control is performed based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to control the battery charging by keeping the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value within a second preset range, including: The first difference is used as the feedback value of PID control to adjust the real-time charging voltage value, so as to control the difference between the real-time charging voltage and the constant voltage charging target voltage value to be kept within the second preset range for charging the battery. The first difference is the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value.

[0100] Furthermore, the first difference is used as the feedback value for negative feedback PID control to adjust the real-time charging voltage value, including: when the first difference is less than the lower limit of the second preset range, the real-time charging voltage value is increased by negative feedback PID control until the first difference is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the second preset range; when the first difference is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range, the real-time charging voltage value is decreased by negative feedback PID control until the first difference is less than or equal to the upper limit of the second preset range.

[0101] In some implementations, the second control module is further specifically used to control the battery to perform constant current charging according to the first preset current threshold when the actual charging current value is continuously less than the first preset current threshold for a first preset time.

[0102] Furthermore, controlling the constant current charging of the battery according to the first preset current threshold includes: controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the first preset current threshold to be kept within a third preset range, and charging the battery.

[0103] In some implementations, the third control module is further specifically used to control the battery to perform a second constant-voltage charge based on the full-charge cutoff voltage when the battery voltage is greater than the full-charge cutoff voltage.

[0104] Furthermore, the control performs a second constant-voltage charge on the battery based on the full-charge cutoff voltage, including: controlling the difference between the actual charging voltage and the full-charge cutoff voltage to be kept within a fourth preset range through negative feedback PID adjustment, and charging the battery.

[0105] In some implementations, stopping charging when a preset charging stop condition is met includes stopping charging when the actual charging current value is continuously less than a second preset current threshold for a second preset duration.

[0106] This charging control device can implement the charging control method of any of the above embodiments, and solves the problem that the charging current drops when the battery's state of charge reaches a certain value, resulting in a decrease in charging speed and an increase in charging time. It improves the charging speed, shortens the charging time, and ensures charging safety through two constant voltage charging stages.

[0107] Another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the computer program to implement the charging control method of any of the above embodiments. This electronic device may be, for example, a battery management system (BMS).

[0108] like Figure 8As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a processor 100, a memory 101, a bus 102 and a communication interface 103. The processor 100, the communication interface 103 and the memory 101 are connected through the bus 102. The memory 101 stores a computer program that can run on the processor 100. When the processor 100 runs the computer program, it executes the method provided in any of the foregoing embodiments of this application.

[0109] The memory 101 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between this system network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 103 (which may be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc.

[0110] Bus 102 can be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. Memory 101 is used to store programs. After receiving an execution instruction, processor 100 executes the program. The methods disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments of this application can be applied to processor 100, or implemented by processor 100.

[0111] Processor 100 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of processor 100 or by instructions in software form. The processor 100 may be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an Off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules may reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory 101. The processor 100 reads the information in memory 101 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0112] The electronic devices and methods provided in the embodiments of this application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the methods they employ, operate, or implement.

[0113] Another embodiment of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the charging control method of any of the above embodiments.

[0114] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium corresponding to the method provided in the foregoing embodiments, see reference. Figure 9 As shown, the computer-readable storage medium is an optical disc 20, on which a computer program (i.e., a program product) is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, it executes the methods provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0115] It should be noted that examples of computer-readable storage media may also include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other optical and magnetic storage media, which will not be elaborated here.

[0116] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the above embodiments of this application and the method provided in the embodiments of this application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the methods adopted, run or implemented by the applications stored therein.

[0117] like Figure 10 As shown, another embodiment of this application provides a power device, including a power battery and an electronic device according to any of the above embodiments. The power battery is used to provide electrical energy, and the electronic device is used to execute the charging control method of any of the above embodiments on the power battery. This power device can be, for example, an electric vehicle or other electric power device.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0121] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0122] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0123] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0124] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging control method, characterized in that, include: During battery charging, the battery is controlled to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages according to the corresponding triggering conditions, wherein the triggering conditions corresponding to the at least two constant voltage charging stages are different. The first battery parameter includes the state of charge (SOC) of the battery; the second battery parameter includes the battery voltage. The step of controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging phases according to the corresponding triggering conditions includes: When the state of charge (SOC) of the battery reaches a first preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two constant voltage charging phases include a first constant voltage charging phase and a second constant voltage charging phase; The triggering conditions for the first constant voltage charging stage include the first battery parameter reaching a first preset condition; The triggering conditions for the second constant voltage charging stage include the second battery parameters reaching a third preset condition.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first battery parameter includes the state of charge (SOC) of the battery; the second battery parameter includes the battery voltage. The step of controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging phases according to the corresponding triggering conditions includes: When the state of charge (SOC) of the battery reaches a first preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. Based on the actual charging current value reaching the second preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the constant current charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The step of controlling the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) reaching a first preset condition includes: When the SOC of the battery reaches a preset SOC threshold, the battery is charged at a constant voltage according to the constant voltage charging target voltage value, where the constant voltage charging target voltage value is the maximum voltage value of the battery cell during the pre-charging process.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The constant-voltage charging of the battery according to the constant-voltage charging target voltage value includes: The voltage is adjusted based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value to control the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value to be kept within a second preset range when charging the battery.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the charging voltage based on the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to control the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant-voltage charging target voltage value to be kept within a second preset range when charging the battery includes: Calculate the difference between the real-time charging voltage value and the constant voltage charging target voltage value to obtain the first difference value; The first difference is used as a feedback value to adjust the real-time charging voltage value, so as to control the difference between the real-time charging voltage and the constant voltage charging target voltage value to be kept within a second preset range to charge the battery.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of using the first difference as a feedback value to adjust the real-time charging voltage value includes: When the first difference is less than the lower limit of the second preset interval, the real-time charging voltage value is increased by negative feedback PID adjustment control until the first difference is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the second preset interval. When the first difference is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range, the real-time charging voltage value is reduced by negative feedback PID regulation control until the first difference is less than or equal to the upper limit of the second preset range.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of controlling the battery to enter the constant current charging stage based on the actual charging current value reaching the second preset condition includes: When the actual charging current value is continuously less than the first preset current threshold for a first preset duration, the battery is controlled to be charged with constant current according to the first preset current threshold.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control of constant current charging of the battery according to the first preset current threshold includes: The battery is charged by controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the first preset current threshold to remain within a third preset range.

10. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The step of controlling the battery to undergo a second constant-voltage charging based on the battery voltage reaching a third preset condition includes: When the battery voltage is greater than the full charge cutoff voltage, the control performs a second constant voltage charge on the battery based on the full charge cutoff voltage.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The control performs a second constant-voltage charge on the battery based on the full-charge cutoff voltage, including: By using negative feedback PID control, the difference between the actual charging voltage and the full charge cutoff voltage is kept within a fourth preset range to charge the battery.

12. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The step of stopping charging when the preset charging stop condition is met includes: Charging stops when the actual charging current value remains below the second preset current threshold for a second preset duration.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Before controlling the battery to enter the first constant voltage charging stage, the method further includes: Control the pre-charging of the battery.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The control pre-charges the battery, including: The appropriate charging current value is obtained based on the real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC of the battery. The battery is charged according to the adapted charging current value.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the appropriate charging current value based on the real-time temperature and real-time voltage or real-time SOC of the battery includes: Based on the real-time SOC or the real-time voltage, and in conjunction with the real-time temperature, the corresponding adaptive charging current value is obtained by looking up the charging window table.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of charging the battery according to the adapted charging current value includes: The battery is charged by controlling the difference between the actual charging current value and the adapted charging current value to remain within a first preset range.

17. A charging control device, characterized in that, Used to control the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging stages during the battery charging process according to corresponding trigger conditions, wherein the trigger conditions corresponding to the at least two constant voltage charging stages are different. The first battery parameter includes the state of charge (SOC) of the battery; the second battery parameter includes the battery voltage. The step of controlling the battery to enter at least two constant voltage charging phases according to the corresponding triggering conditions includes: When the state of charge (SOC) of the battery reaches a first preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the first constant voltage charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches the third preset condition, the battery is controlled to enter the second constant voltage charging stage until the preset charging stop condition is reached and charging stops.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the charging control method as described in any one of claims 1-16.

19. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the charging control method as described in any one of claims 1-16.

20. A power unit, characterized in that, It includes a power battery and an electronic device as described in claim 19, wherein the power battery is used to provide electrical energy and the electronic device is used to perform a charging control method as described in any one of claims 1-16 on the power battery.

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