Spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transmission system

Abstract

The application discloses a spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless energy transmission system. In the communication scheme, the system comprises a sequential switch shunt regulation type solar array unit, a primary common bus, a plurality of resonant wireless energy transmission modules, and a storage battery and a load directly connected to a secondary side DC bus. The wireless energy transmission output power given value, the wireless energy transmission module set put into operation, the phase shift angle and the switch angle frequency are determined according to the secondary side storage battery state of charge, the load power and the primary side state, and the modulation signal of the sequential switch shunt regulator is generated by the primary common bus voltage controller to determine the switching state of each branch switch. In the non-communication scheme, the system is provided with a primary side switching switch, a bus switching switch and a secondary side switching switch. According to the state of the storage battery and the load, the secondary side local switching and adjusting connection module set is switched. When the solar array branch or the wireless energy transmission module is abnormal, the energy supply connection between the healthy solar array branch and the healthy wireless energy transmission module is reconstructed, so that the continuous energy supply is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spacecraft power systems and wireless power transmission control technology, specifically relating to a spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transmission system. Background Technology

[0002] During the spacecraft's operation in orbit, the solar array typically needs to rotate relative to the satellite body to achieve directional tracking of the sun and improve the solar array's power generation capacity. A solar array drive mechanism is generally installed between the solar array and the satellite body. In addition to driving, positioning, and supporting the solar array, this mechanism also needs to transmit electrical energy at the rotational interface between the solar array and the satellite body.

[0003] Current energy transfer from spacecraft solar panels to the satellite body typically employs contact-based electrical transmission structures such as conductive rings, conductive slip rings, or power slip ring assemblies. These structures offer advantages such as mature technology, widespread engineering applications, and high transmission efficiency. However, their operation relies on sliding electrical contact between brush filaments, ring tracks, or other contact pairs. Under the long-term operation, high-power transmission, space vacuum, and complex electrified environments of spacecraft, long-term friction between these contact pairs can generate metal debris. Accumulation of this metal debris at solder joints, ring tracks, or between adjacent conductive paths within the conductive ring can create short-circuit paths or induce partial discharge or arc discharge under vacuum and high-voltage conditions. These faults can affect the safety of energy transfer from the solar panels to the satellite body, and in severe cases, may cause abnormal power supply to the spacecraft's power system, thereby threatening the overall on-orbit operational safety of the satellite.

[0004] To reduce the risks of wear, debris, short circuits, and discharge associated with traditional conductive ring-based energy transfer methods during long-term operation, non-contact energy transfer methods are gradually emerging as a potential alternative for power supply across the rotating interface between the solar array and the satellite body. Compared to contact-based conductive rings, non-contact energy transfer methods reduce direct electrical contact at the rotating interface, thereby improving power supply reliability under long-term operating conditions.

[0005] However, spacecraft power systems are characterized by high requirements for power continuity, complex operating environments, and limited fault tolerance margins. Existing non-contact power supply solutions mostly focus on energy transmission itself, with insufficient consideration for the coordinated control between the solar panel-side power supply unit, the rotating interface power transfer unit, and the satellite-side power receiving unit within the spacecraft power system. When different information exchange conditions exist within the system, or when local power supply or transfer units malfunction, existing solutions struggle to simultaneously meet the requirements for power continuity, power utilization, and fault isolation.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to provide a spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system to improve the continuity and reliability of the power supply process from the solar array to the satellite body while reducing the risks of traditional conductive ring contact power transfer. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system that can solve the problems in the background art where multiple solar array branches, multiple wireless power transfer modules, and secondary batteries and load requirements are difficult to coordinate and match under communication schemes, and where the power supply link is difficult to reconfigure when solar array branches or wireless power transfer modules malfunction under no communication schemes.

[0008] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system has two topologies: one with a communication scheme and one without. The topology with a communication scheme includes a primary-side sequential switch shunt regulator type solar array unit, a primary-side common bus, multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules, a secondary-side DC bus, and a secondary-side power receiving unit. The primary-side sequential switch shunt regulator type solar array unit includes multiple solar array branches and sequential switch shunt regulators connected to each branch. The output of each branch is connected to the primary-side common bus via a corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator. A bus capacitor is connected in parallel on the primary-side common bus. Each resonant wireless power transfer module includes a primary-side DC / AC converter, a primary-side resonant compensation network, a wireless power transfer coupling coil, and a secondary-side resonant compensation. The network and secondary AC / DC rectifiers are configured such that the input terminals of each primary DC / AC converter are connected to the primary common bus, and the output terminals of each primary DC / AC converter are connected to the primary side of the corresponding wireless power coupling coil via the corresponding primary resonant compensation network. The secondary side of the wireless power coupling coil is connected to the input terminal of the corresponding secondary AC / DC rectifier via the corresponding secondary resonant compensation network. The output terminals of each secondary AC / DC rectifier are connected in parallel to the secondary DC bus. The secondary power receiving unit includes a battery and a load directly connected to the secondary DC bus. A communication link is set between the primary and secondary sides to transmit the secondary battery state of charge and load power.

[0009] The topology without a communication scheme includes multiple solar array branches, multiple sequential switch shunt regulators, a primary-side switching switch, a bus switching switch, multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules, a secondary-side DC bus, a battery, a load, and multiple secondary-side switching switches. Each solar array branch outputs to the primary-side switching switch via a corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator. The primary-side switching switch is connected between the output of the sequential switch shunt regulator and the input of each resonant wireless power transfer module, used to selectively establish a power supply connection between the solar array branch and the wireless power transfer module. The output of the sequential switch shunt regulator is connected to the common DC bus via a bus switching switch. Each resonant wireless power transfer module... The energy module includes a primary-side DC / AC converter, a primary-side resonant compensation network, a wireless energy transfer coupling coil, a secondary-side resonant compensation network, and a secondary-side AC / DC rectifier. The input terminal of each primary-side DC / AC converter is connected to a primary-side switching switch. The output terminal of each primary-side DC / AC converter is connected to the primary side of the corresponding wireless energy transfer coupling coil via the corresponding primary-side resonant compensation network. The secondary side of the wireless energy transfer coupling coil is connected to the input terminal of the corresponding secondary-side AC / DC rectifier via the corresponding secondary-side resonant compensation network. The output terminal of the secondary-side AC / DC rectifier is connected to the secondary-side DC bus via the corresponding secondary-side switching switch. The battery and load are directly connected to the secondary-side DC bus.

[0010] In topologies with and without communication schemes, the sequential switch shunt regulator includes a branch switch unit corresponding to the solar array branch. This branch switch unit is composed of a half-bridge switch circuit. The drain of the upper half-bridge switch is connected to the positive bus of the output terminal, and the source of the upper half-bridge switch is connected to the drain of the lower half-bridge switch to form the positive bus of the input terminal. The source of the lower half-bridge switch is connected to the negative bus of both the input and output terminals. In the shunt state, the upper half-bridge switch is open and the lower half-bridge switch is closed; in the active state, the upper half-bridge switch is closed and the lower half-bridge switch is open. A dead zone is added to the upper and lower bridge switch states to prevent shoot-through. The upper half-bridge switch can also be replaced by a diode, with the cathode connected to the positive bus of the output terminal and the anode connected to the positive bus of the input terminal. The active state of the sequential switch shunt regulator is used to supply power from the primary side common bus to the corresponding solar array branch, while the shunt state is used to de-supply the corresponding solar array branch to the bus. The primary side common bus serves as the common DC input terminal for multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules. Each wireless power transfer module adjusts the phase shift angle and switching frequency according to the allocated target transmission power.

[0011] The control methods with and without communication are as follows: (I) The control methods with communication schemes are as follows: Furthermore, in the communication scheme, the system control objectives include the secondary-side load power target, the battery's allowable charging power target, the maximum power utilization target of the primary-side solar array branch, the primary-side common bus voltage stability target, and the wireless power transfer module efficiency optimization target. The primary-side controller determines the secondary-side power requirement based on the secondary-side battery state of charge and load power obtained from the communication link, and determines the wireless power transfer output power setpoint by combining the current available power of the primary-side solar array and the rated transmission capacity of the wireless power transfer module.

[0012] A control method for a spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system with a communication scheme includes the following steps: S1: Collect the voltage and current injected into the primary common DC bus by the sequential switch shunt regulator, generate the primary common DC bus reference voltage using the maximum power point tracking method, input the difference between the primary common bus reference voltage and the actual voltage into the primary common bus voltage controller to generate the modulation signal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and the sequential switch shunt regulator determines the switching state of its branch switches according to the modulation signal. S2: Determine the target transmission power required for wireless power transmission based on the satellite load power and the state of charge of the battery, thereby determining the given value of the wireless power transmission output power; S3: Based on the given wireless power transmission output power, from the number of candidate wireless power transmission modules that meet the wireless power transmission output power requirement, select the number of wireless power transmission modules with the highest transmission efficiency according to the wireless power transmission power and efficiency curves. ; S4: Determine the phase shift angle and switching frequency of the primary side of each wireless power transmission module based on the given value of the wireless power transmission output power, the number of wireless power transmission modules, and the target transmission power of each wireless power transmission module.

[0013] Furthermore, the given value of the wireless power transfer output power is determined by the following method: when the target transmission power required for wireless power transfer is higher than the output power of the solar array branch. At that time, the given value of wireless power transmission is used. Slightly higher than the current output power of the solar array branch. This drives an increase in the output power of the solar array branch; when the target transmission power required for wireless power transmission... Less than or equal to the output power of the solar array branch At that time, the given value of wireless power transmission is used. Equal to the target transmission power required for wireless power transmission .

[0014] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the wireless power receiver actually receives the correct power... Equal to the given value of wireless power transmission. The set value for wireless power transmission. Perform calibration to adjust the wireless power transmission power to the set value. Equal to the given value of wireless power transmission. Add correction power ,Right now .

[0015] Furthermore, the correction power This is generated by a power correction controller, whose input is a given value for the wireless power transfer power. The actual power received by the wireless power receiver The difference, the output of the power correction controller is the corrected power. .

[0016] Furthermore, when the sum of the secondary-side load power and the battery's allowable charging power is less than or equal to the current available power of the primary-side solar array, the wireless power transmission output power setpoint is adjusted. The power output is determined to be the sum of the secondary load power and the battery's allowable charging power. When the sum of the secondary load power and the battery's allowable charging power exceeds the current available power of the primary solar array, the wireless power transmission output power is set to a given value. The power is limited to the current available power of the original solar array and the rated transmission capacity of the wireless power transmission module.

[0017] Furthermore, in the process of determining the given value of the wireless power transmission output power, the secondary side power requirement can be determined by the load power and the battery's allowable charging power; the current available power of the primary side solar array can be determined by the voltage, current and maximum power tracking results of each solar array branch; and the rated transmission capacity of the wireless power transmission module is determined by the allowable input voltage, allowable output current and resonance compensation parameters of each resonant wireless power transmission module.

[0018] Furthermore, the phase shift angle and switching angular frequency of the primary side of each wireless power transfer module are determined in the following general manner: First, based on the target transmission power of each wireless power transfer module and the parameters of the resonant compensation used, the transmission power of a single module is established. With primary input voltage Secondary output voltage Switching angular frequency Primary and secondary coupling parameters k and phase shift angle Functional relationship between ;in, For the transmission power of a single module, The primary input voltage, This is the secondary output voltage. Where ω is the switching angular frequency, and k is the primary-secondary coupling parameter. The phase shift angle is then determined based on the aforementioned functional relationship, within the allowable phase shift angle and switching frequency range, to obtain the phase shift angle that satisfies the target transmission power. and switching angular frequency .

[0019] Furthermore, based on the set value of the wireless power transmission power... Based on the principle of optimal efficiency, the number of wireless power transmission modules required for deployment is determined according to the wireless power transmission power and efficiency curves. Regarding the number of candidate input modules The set value of wireless power transmission. The target transmission power is allocated to each module.

[0020] Furthermore, the set of wireless power transfer modules put into operation is determined based on the health status of each wireless power transfer module, the allowable transmission power range of a single module, and the wireless power transfer power-efficiency curve. For different numbers of candidate modules or candidate module sets, the target transmission power of a single module is calculated, and candidate sets with abnormal module status are eliminated; among the remaining candidate sets, the candidate sets with higher overall transmission efficiency or lower overall loss are selected as the set of wireless power transfer modules put into operation.

[0021] Furthermore, the primary-side common bus voltage controller receives the difference between the primary-side common bus reference voltage and the primary-side common bus actual voltage, and generates a modulation signal for the sequential switch shunt regulator; the sequential switch shunt regulator determines the switching state of its branch switches based on the modulation signal, so as to determine whether the solar array branch is connected to the primary-side common bus or is in a shunt state.

[0022] (II) The control method without a communication scheme is as follows: Furthermore, in the no-communication scheme, the primary side does not receive communication data on the secondary side's battery state of charge and load power, and the secondary side does not rely on real-time control commands from the primary side. The primary side makes local judgments based on the output voltage, current, and power of the solar array branch, the status of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and the electrical quantities on the input side of the wireless power transfer module; the secondary side makes local judgments based on the secondary side's DC bus voltage, current, battery state of charge, load power, and the status of each secondary side rectifier output.

[0023] Furthermore, in the no-communication scheme, the local judgment result on the primary side is used to control the closing or opening of the primary-side switching switch and the bus switching switch, while the local judgment result on the secondary side is used to control the closing or opening of the secondary-side switching switch. The primary side is used to reconstruct the power supply path between the solar array branch, the sequential switch shunt regulator, and the input side of the wireless power transfer module, while the secondary side is used to determine whether the output side of the wireless power transfer module is connected to the secondary-side DC bus.

[0024] The control method without a communication scheme includes the following steps: S1: Check whether each sequential switch shunt regulator connected to the primary side switching switch and the solar array branch connected to it are working properly. If they are not working properly or the sequential switch shunt regulator is insufficient to supply power to the wireless power transmission module, close the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator to obtain power from the common DC bus to supply power to the wireless power transmission module; if they are working properly, disconnect the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and let the sequential switch shunt regulator supply power to the wireless power transmission module. S2: Diagnose whether each wireless power transfer module is working properly; when the wireless power transfer module is working properly, close the primary-side switching switch to connect the input terminal of the wireless power transfer module to the output terminal of the corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator; when the wireless power transfer module is not working properly, disconnect the primary-side switching switch connected to the input terminal of the wireless power transfer module, close the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and connect the sequential switch shunt regulator connected to the wireless power transfer module to the bus to supply power to other wireless power transfer modules connected to the bus.

[0025] S3: Determine the required number of wireless power transfer modules based on the state of charge of the secondary battery and the power required by the load, and determine the secondary switching status of each wireless power transfer module based on the number.

[0026] S4: Collect the voltage and current injected into each primary DC bus by the sequential switch shunt regulator, and generate a setpoint value for the primary DC bus voltage connected to the output of the sequential switch shunt regulator and the input of the wireless power transfer module using the maximum power point tracking method. Subtract the measured value from the setpoint value and input it to the primary DC bus voltage controller. The primary DC bus voltage controller outputs a modulation signal, which is input to the modulator to generate a switching drive signal for the sequential switch shunt regulator, thereby adjusting the switching state of the sequential switch shunt regulator and thus regulating the primary DC bus voltage to track the setpoint value of the primary DC bus voltage. S5: Set the power transmitted by each wireless power module to a value slightly higher than the current output power of its input solar cell, thereby driving the output power of the solar cell to increase. S6: Determine the phase shift angle and switching frequency of the primary side of each wireless power transfer module based on the given value of the power transmission of each wireless power transfer module. Furthermore, the number of wireless power transfer modules required in the aforementioned communication-free scheme The calculation method is as follows: the number of wireless power transfer modules required. The calculation method is as follows: ,in This represents the current maximum charging power of the battery. For the current load power, This represents the average power that a single wireless power transfer module can currently output. This is a function for rounding down; Furthermore, the original-side switching network employs a disconnect-before-close, interlocking, and anti-backflow control mechanism during reconfiguration.

[0027] Furthermore, the wireless power transfer module can be deemed abnormal when, but not limited to, the following conditions occur: abnormal primary input voltage, secondary output power below a preset threshold, resonant current exceeding the allowable range, resonant voltage exceeding the allowable range, module temperature exceeding the temperature threshold, or module output status inconsistent with the switching command and continues to reach the preset judgment time.

[0028] Furthermore, the secondary-side local controller determines the required input power for the secondary side based on the battery's allowable charging power and load power, and calculates the required number of modules based on the current output power of a single wireless power transfer module; then, according to the module's health status and output capability, it selects the modules that need to be connected to the secondary-side DC bus, closes the corresponding secondary-side switching switch, and disconnects the secondary-side switching switches corresponding to modules that are not in use or are abnormal.

[0029] Furthermore, when the number of operational healthy wireless power transfer modules is insufficient to meet the power requirements of the secondary side, the secondary side local controller enters a power-constrained processing state. This power-constrained processing includes reducing battery charging power, prioritizing power supply to critical loads, and limiting power to non-critical loads.

[0030] Furthermore, the primary-side switching switch and the bus switching switch adopt a disconnect-then-close, interlock, and anti-backflow control when performing power supply link reconfiguration. Before disconnecting abnormal solar array branches or abnormal wireless power transmission modules, the corresponding switching path is disconnected first, and then the healthy power supply path is closed to avoid the formation of uncontrolled parallel or backflow paths between different solar array branches, and to reduce the impact of the reconfiguration process on the primary-side DC bus and the secondary-side DC bus.

[0031] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: With a communication scheme, this invention unifies the secondary battery state of charge, load power, wireless power transfer module switching, wireless power transfer module phase shift angle and switching frequency, and the modulation signal of the sequential switch shunt regulator generated by the primary common bus voltage controller into the same control chain, so that the primary common bus regulation matches the wireless power transfer requirements. Without a communication scheme, this invention reconstructs the power supply connection between the healthy solar array branch and the healthy wireless power transfer module through the primary side switching switch and the bus switching switch, and maintains continuous power supply capability when the solar array branch or wireless power transfer module is abnormal through the secondary side local switching regulation access module set. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1This is a general control block diagram of the present invention with and without a communication scheme; Figure 2 This is a topology diagram of the spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system with a communication scheme according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a topology diagram of the spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system under the communication-free scheme of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a control diagram of the primary-side common bus voltage controller and sequential switch shunt regulator of the present invention; Figure 5 This invention provides a control diagram for the wireless power transmission, module quantity determination, and phase shift angle and switching angle frequency allocation under a communication scheme. Figure 6 This is the original-edge switching and reconstruction control diagram under the communication-free scheme of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the local switching control process on the secondary side under the communication-free scheme of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention includes two implementations: one with a communication scheme and one without; the one with a communication scheme corresponds to... Figure 2 The topology shown focuses on implementing wireless power transfer output power setting, wireless power transfer module activation, phase shift angle and switching angle frequency allocation, and sequential switch shunt regulator control; no corresponding communication scheme is available. Figure 3 The topology shown focuses on implementing primary edge projection and reconstruction, secondary edge local projection and slicing, and abnormal object identification.

[0035] Example 1: Coordinated power supply control of spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system with communication scheme.

[0036] This embodiment corresponds to a communication scheme in which the battery and load are directly connected to the secondary DC bus, and its topology is as follows: Figure 2As shown. The topology includes a primary-side sequential switch shunt regulator type solar array unit, a primary-side common bus, multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules, a secondary-side DC bus, and a secondary-side power receiving unit; the primary-side sequential switch shunt regulator type solar array unit includes multiple solar array branches and sequential switch shunt regulators connected to each solar array branch respectively, and the output of each solar array branch is connected to the primary-side common bus via a corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator branch, and a bus capacitor is connected in parallel on the primary-side common bus; each resonant wireless power transfer module includes a primary-side DC / AC converter, a primary-side resonant compensation network, a wireless power transfer coupling coil, and a secondary-side resonant compensation network. The primary side DC / AC converter has its input terminals connected to the primary side common bus, and its output terminals connected to the primary side of the corresponding wireless power coupling coil via a corresponding primary side resonant compensation network. The secondary side of the wireless power coupling coil is connected to the input terminal of the corresponding secondary side AC / DC rectifier via a corresponding secondary side resonant compensation network. The output terminals of each secondary side AC / DC rectifier are connected in parallel to the secondary side DC bus. The secondary side power receiving unit includes a battery and a load directly connected to the secondary side DC bus. A communication link is set between the primary and secondary sides to transmit the secondary side battery state of charge and load power.

[0037] With a communication scheme, the primary controller collects the voltage and current of the primary common bus and the voltage and current of each solar array branch, and combines them with the secondary battery state of charge and load power obtained from the communication link to form the system control target.

[0038] The coordinated power supply control process in this embodiment is as follows: 1. For example Figure 4 As shown, the voltage and current injected into the primary common DC bus by the sequential switch shunt regulator are collected. The primary common bus reference voltage is generated using the maximum power point tracking method, and the difference between the primary common bus reference voltage and the actual voltage of the primary common bus is input to the primary common bus voltage controller. The primary common bus voltage controller outputs the modulation signal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and the sequential switch shunt regulator determines the connection or shunt state of each solar array branch according to the modulation signal.

[0039] 2. For example Figure 5 As shown, the target transmission power required for wireless power transfer is determined based on the load power and the battery's state of charge, thereby determining the setpoint value for the wireless power transfer output power. When the target transmission power required for wireless power transfer is higher than the maximum power that the solar cell can output, the setpoint value for the wireless power transfer is set slightly higher than the current output power of the solar cell, thereby driving the solar cell's output power to increase; when the target transmission power required for wireless power transfer is higher than the maximum output power of the solar cell, the setpoint value for the wireless power transfer output power .... Less than or equal to the output power of the solar array branch At that time, the given value of wireless power transmission is used. Equal to the target transmission power required for wireless power transmission ; In order to ensure that the wireless power receiver actually receives the power Equal to the given value of wireless power transmission. The set value for wireless power transmission. Perform calibration to adjust the wireless power transmission power to the set value. Equal to the given value of wireless power transmission. Add correction power ,Right now The correction power This is generated by a power correction controller, whose input is a set value for the wireless power transmission power. The actual power received by the wireless power receiver The difference, the output of the power correction controller is the corrected power. .

[0040] 3. Based on the given wireless power output power, from the number of candidate wireless power transmission modules or the set of candidate wireless power transmission modules that meet the wireless power output power requirement, select the number of wireless power transmission modules or the set of wireless power transmission modules with the highest transmission efficiency, in conjunction with the wireless power-efficiency curve. Based on the given wireless power output power, the number of wireless power transmission modules, and the target transmission power of each wireless power transmission module, determine the phase shift angle and switching frequency of the primary side of each wireless power transmission module.

[0041] Furthermore, the phase shift angle and switching angular frequency can be determined using a functional relationship related to the resonant compensation parameters. In this specific embodiment, a specific SS-type resonant compensation topology is selected to illustrate the phase shift angle calculation method. Both the primary and secondary sides use capacitors connected in series with the wireless power transmission coil as resonant compensation networks to compensate for the inductance on the coupling coil. The primary side DC / AC converter adopts a two-level voltage type converter, and the secondary side AC / DC rectifier adopts diode uncontrolled rectification.

[0042] Phase control quantity in this embodiment In phase-shift control, it is the phase-shift angle; in frequency conversion control, it is the switching angle frequency. Participate in the solution. Specifically, the wireless power transfer module can be fixed. Seeking It can also be in a fixed position. Seeking Or, within permissible limits, solve jointly. This is to meet the target transmission power of the corresponding wireless power transmission module.

[0043] In this embodiment, the target transmission power of a single module is set to be... When the module output power is evenly distributed, , The number of wireless power transfer modules deployed, and the input DC voltage of the wireless power transfer modules are... The secondary output voltage is The switching angular frequency is The coupling inductance of the primary and secondary wireless power transfer coils is M, and the phase control quantity is... For an SS-type resonant compensation topology, the effective value of the fundamental frequency at the primary-side inverter output, the effective value of the fundamental frequency at the secondary-side rectifier bridge input, and the transmission power and phase control quantity of a single module can be expressed as follows: , , .in, This represents the effective value of the fundamental frequency output of the primary-side inverter. This indicates the effective value of the fundamental frequency input to the secondary rectifier bridge. This indicates the wireless power transmission power of a single module.

[0044] Therefore, when several operational modules adopt the same phase shift angle and the target power of each module is... At that time, the common phase shift angle can be calculated according to... The result is obtained. When the target power of each module is respectively... When, the phase shift angle of the i-th module can be calculated according to... To obtain.

[0045] To ensure that the phase control quantity is achievable, the following conditions must be met: .

[0046] When using frequency conversion control, the achievable constraints include not only the range of phase control quantities but also the switching angular frequency. The permitted range; when in When used as a solution, the switching angular frequency that satisfies the resonant compensation topology constraint is determined based on the target transmission power.

[0047] When the above constraints cannot be met, it means that the corresponding target power exceeds the achievable range of the wireless power transmission module under the current voltage, frequency and coupling parameters. In this case, it can be handled by increasing the number of modules put into operation, reducing the target power of a single module or reallocating the target power of the modules.

[0048] 5. Based on the maximum power point tracking results of the primary photovoltaic side, a primary common bus reference voltage is generated. The difference between the primary common bus reference voltage and the actual voltage of the primary common bus is input to the primary common bus voltage controller, which then generates the modulation signal for the sequential switching shunt regulator.

[0049] 6. The sequential switch shunt regulator determines the switching state of each branch switch according to the modulation signal to adjust the state of the solar array branch connected to the primary side common bus or the shunt state. The sequential switch shunt regulator includes a branch switch unit corresponding to the solar array branch. The branch switch unit is composed of a half-bridge switch circuit. The drain of the upper half-bridge switch is connected to the positive bus of the output terminal, and the source of the upper half-bridge switch is connected to the drain of the lower half-bridge switch to form the positive bus of the input terminal. The source of the lower half-bridge switch is connected to the negative bus of the input and output terminals. In the shunt state, the upper half-bridge switch is open and the lower half-bridge switch is closed. In the on state, the upper half-bridge switch is closed and the lower half-bridge switch is open. A dead zone is added to the states of the upper and lower bridge switches to prevent shoot-through between the upper and lower bridges. In this embodiment, MOSFETs are selected as the upper and lower bridge switches.

[0050] Example 2: Primary-side switching and reconfiguration and secondary-side local switching control of a spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system under a communication-free scheme.

[0051] This embodiment corresponds to the topology without a communication scheme, and its topology is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The topology of the communication-free scheme includes multiple solar array branches, multiple sequential switch shunt regulators, primary-side switching switches, bus switching switches, multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules, a secondary-side DC bus, a battery, a load, and multiple secondary-side switching switches; each solar array branch outputs to the primary-side switching switch via a corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator. The primary-side switching switch is connected between the output of the sequential switch shunt regulator and the input of each resonant wireless power transfer module, used to selectively establish a power supply connection between the solar array branch and the wireless power transfer module; the output of the sequential switch shunt regulator is connected to the common DC bus via a bus switching switch; each resonant wireless... The power transfer module includes a primary-side DC / AC converter, a primary-side resonant compensation network, a wireless power transfer coupling coil, a secondary-side resonant compensation network, and a secondary-side AC / DC rectifier. The input terminal of each primary-side DC / AC converter is connected to a primary-side switching switch. The output terminal of each primary-side DC / AC converter is connected to the primary side of the corresponding wireless power transfer coupling coil via the corresponding primary-side resonant compensation network. The secondary side of the wireless power transfer coupling coil is connected to the input terminal of the corresponding secondary-side AC / DC rectifier via the corresponding secondary-side resonant compensation network. The output terminal of the secondary-side AC / DC rectifier is connected to the secondary-side DC bus via the corresponding secondary-side switching switch. The battery and load are directly connected to the secondary-side DC bus.

[0052] The non-communication collaborative power supply control process in this embodiment is as follows: 1. For example Figure 6As shown, check whether each sequential switch shunt regulator connected to the primary side switching switch and the solar array branch connected to it are working properly; if they are not working properly or the sequential switch shunt regulator is insufficient to supply power to the wireless power transmission module, close the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator to obtain power from the common DC bus to supply power to the wireless power transmission module; if they are working properly, disconnect the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and the sequential switch shunt regulator supplies power to the wireless power transmission module. 2. Diagnose whether each wireless power transfer module is working properly; when the wireless power transfer module is working properly, close the primary-side switching switch to connect the input terminal of the wireless power transfer module to the output terminal of the corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator; when the wireless power transfer module is not working properly, disconnect the primary-side switching switch connected to the input terminal of the wireless power transfer module, close the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and connect the sequential switch shunt regulator connected to the wireless power transfer module to the bus to supply power to other wireless power transfer modules connected to the bus.

[0053] 3. For example Figure 7 As shown, based on the state of charge of the secondary battery and the power required by the load, combined with the output capacity of each wireless power transfer module, the required number of wireless power transfer modules is determined, and the secondary-side switching state of each wireless power transfer module is determined according to this number. After determining the secondary-side switching state, the corresponding secondary-side switching operation is executed, and it is determined whether the currently operating wireless power transfer modules meet the power supply requirements. If the power supply requirements are met, a secondary-side switching command is output; if the power supply requirements are not met, power limiting processing is performed, and a secondary-side switching command is output. When the output capacity of each wireless power transfer module is approximately the same, the required number of wireless power transfer modules is... The calculation method is as follows: ,in This represents the current maximum charging power of the battery. This represents the current load power. This represents the average power that a single wireless power transfer module can currently output. This is a function for rounding down; 4. Collect the voltage and current injected into each primary DC bus by the sequential switch shunt regulator, generate the setpoint value of the DC bus voltage on the input side of each primary wireless power transfer module using the maximum power point tracking method, and adjust the DC bus voltage on the input side of each wireless power transfer module by the corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator to make it track the setpoint value of the DC bus voltage.

[0054] 5. Set the power transmission value of each wireless power transfer module slightly higher than the current output power of its input solar cell, thereby driving the output power of the solar cell to increase; and determine the phase shift angle and switching frequency of the primary side of each wireless power transfer module based on the set power transmission value of each wireless power transfer module.

[0055] Preferably, when the output voltage, output current, output power, or corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator state of the solar array branch meets the solar array anomaly criteria, the solar array branch is disconnected and a healthy solar array branch is selected to connect to the target wireless power transfer module; when the input-side electrical quantity, secondary-side output electrical quantity, resonance state, or temperature of the wireless power transfer module meets the wireless power transfer anomaly criteria, the wireless power transfer module is disconnected and its power supply task is assigned to at least one healthy wireless power transfer module. Further, the solar array anomaly criteria include the solar array branch output voltage, output current, output power, or corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator state meeting a preset threshold condition or duration condition; the wireless power transfer anomaly criteria include the wireless power transfer module input-side electrical quantity, secondary-side output electrical quantity, resonance state, or temperature meeting a preset threshold condition or duration condition. In the absence of a communication scheme, the primary side performs local anomaly judgment based on the solar array branch state, sequential switch shunt regulator state, wireless power transfer module input-side electrical quantity, resonance state, or temperature; the secondary side performs local anomaly judgment based on the secondary-side output electrical quantity; neither depends on primary-secondary side communication data.

[0056] In the above anomaly identification process, the local judgment result on the primary side is used to control the closing and opening of the primary side switching switch or bus switching switch, and the local judgment result on the secondary side is used to control the closing and opening of the corresponding secondary side switching switch; the primary side control and the secondary side control do not depend on the primary and secondary side communication data.

[0057] Preferably, a healthy solar array branch refers to a solar array branch that does not meet the abnormality criteria of the solar array and its connected shunt regulator branch; a healthy wireless power transfer module refers to a wireless power transfer module that does not meet the wireless power transfer abnormality criteria. When the primary-side switching network is reconfigured, it employs a disconnect-before-close, interlocking, and anti-backflow control mechanism to prevent uncontrolled parallel connections or backflow paths between different solar array branches.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system, the topology of which includes two forms: one with a communication scheme and one without a communication scheme, characterized in that, The topology with a communication scheme is as follows: The topology includes a primary-side sequential switch shunt regulator type solar array unit, a primary-side common bus, multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules, a secondary-side DC bus, and a secondary-side power receiving unit; the primary-side sequential switch shunt regulator type solar array unit includes multiple solar array branches and sequential switch shunt regulators connected to each corresponding solar array branch. The output of each solar array branch is connected to the primary-side common bus via a corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator branch. A bus capacitor is connected in parallel on the primary-side common bus; each resonant wireless power transfer module includes a primary-side DC / AC converter, a primary-side resonant compensation network, and a wireless... The system comprises a wireless power coupling coil, a secondary resonant compensation network, and a secondary AC / DC rectifier. The input terminals of each primary DC / AC converter are connected to the primary common bus. The output terminals of each primary DC / AC converter are connected to the primary side of the corresponding wireless power coupling coil via the corresponding primary resonant compensation network. The secondary side of the wireless power coupling coil is connected to the input terminal of the corresponding secondary AC / DC rectifier via the corresponding secondary resonant compensation network. The output terminals of each secondary AC / DC rectifier are connected in parallel to the secondary DC bus. The secondary DC bus is connected in parallel with the secondary power receiving unit, which includes a battery and a load directly connected to the secondary DC bus.

2. The spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method with a communication scheme includes: setting up a communication link between the primary and secondary sides to transmit the state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery and the load power; acquiring the SOC of the secondary battery, the load power, the voltage and current of the primary common bus, and the voltage and current of the solar array branches to form the system control target under the communication scheme; determining the setpoint of the wireless power transfer output power and the set of wireless power transfer modules to be put into operation based on the system control target; allocating the phase shift angle and switching angular frequency according to the target transmission power and resonance compensation parameters of the wireless power transfer modules; forming the primary common bus reference voltage based on the maximum power point tracking results of the primary photovoltaic side; inputting the difference between the primary common bus reference voltage and the actual voltage into the primary common bus voltage controller to generate the modulation signal of the sequential switching shunt regulator; and the sequential switching shunt regulator determining the switching state of its branch switches according to the modulation signal.

3. The spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Control methods with communication schemes include the following steps: S1: Collect the voltage and current injected into the primary common DC bus by the sequential switch shunt regulator, generate the primary common DC bus reference voltage using the maximum power point tracking method, input the difference between the primary common bus reference voltage and the actual voltage into the primary common bus voltage controller to generate the modulation signal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and the sequential switch shunt regulator determines the switching state of its branch switches according to the modulation signal. S2: Determine the target transmission power required for wireless power transfer based on the satellite payload power and the battery state of charge. This allows for the determination of a given value for the wireless power transmission output power. ; S3: Sets the wireless power transmission power value. Equal to the given value of wireless power transmission. Add correction power ,Right now ; S4: Based on the set value of wireless power transmission. Based on the principle of optimal efficiency, the number of wireless power transmission modules required for deployment is determined according to the wireless power transmission power and efficiency curves. ; S5: Based on the set value of wireless power transmission. Number of wireless power transmission modules And the target transmission power of each wireless power transfer module, to determine the phase shift angle of the primary side of each wireless power transfer module. and switching angular frequency .

4. A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In control methods with communication schemes, the given value of wireless power transmission output power is... The target transmission power required for wireless power transmission is determined by the following method: Higher than the output power of the solar array branch At that time, the given value of wireless power transmission is used. Slightly higher than the current output power of the solar array branch. This drives an increase in the output power of the solar array branch; when the target transmission power required for wireless power transmission... Less than or equal to the output power of the solar array branch At that time, the given value of wireless power transmission is used. Equal to the target transmission power required for wireless power transmission .

5. A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The set value of wireless power transmission. In the method for determining the correction power This is generated by a power correction controller, whose input is a given value for the wireless power transfer power. The actual power received by the wireless power receiver The difference, the output of the power correction controller is the corrected power. .

6. A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topology of the communication-free scheme is as follows: The communication-free topology includes multiple solar array branches, multiple sequential switch shunt regulators, a primary-side switching switch, a bus switching switch, multiple resonant wireless power transfer modules, a secondary-side DC bus, a battery, a load, and multiple secondary-side switching switches. Each solar array branch outputs to the primary-side switching switch via a corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator. The primary-side switching switch is connected between the output of the sequential switch shunt regulator and the input of each resonant wireless power transfer module, used to selectively establish a power supply connection between the solar array branch and the wireless power transfer module. The output of the sequential switch shunt regulator is connected to the common DC bus via a bus switching switch. Each resonant wireless power transfer module includes a primary-side DC / AC converter, a primary-side resonant compensation network, a wireless power transfer coupling coil, a secondary-side resonant compensation network, and a secondary-side AC / DC rectifier. The output of the secondary-side AC / DC rectifier of each resonant wireless power transfer module is connected to the secondary-side DC bus via a corresponding secondary-side switching switch. The battery and load are directly connected to the secondary-side DC bus.

7. A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control method for the non-communication scheme includes the following steps: S1: Check whether each sequential switch shunt regulator connected to the primary side switching switch and the solar array branch connected to it are working properly. If they are not working properly and the sequential switch shunt regulator is insufficient to supply power to the wireless power transmission module, close the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator to obtain power from the common DC bus to supply power to the wireless power transmission module; if they are working properly, disconnect the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator and let the sequential switch shunt regulator supply power to the wireless power transmission module. S2: Diagnose whether each wireless power transfer module is working properly; when the wireless power transfer module is working properly, close the primary side switching switch to connect the input terminal of the wireless power transfer module to the output terminal of the corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator; when the wireless power transfer module is not working properly, disconnect the primary side switching switch connected to the input terminal of the wireless power transfer module, close the bus switching switch connected to the output terminal of the sequential switch shunt regulator, and connect the sequential switch shunt regulator connected to the wireless power transfer module to the bus to supply power to other wireless power transfer modules connected to the bus. S3: Based on the state of charge of the secondary battery Determine the required number of wireless power transfer modules based on the power required by the load. And determine the secondary side switching status of each wireless power transmission module based on this quantity; S4: Collect the voltage and current injected into each primary DC bus by the sequential switch shunt regulator, generate the set value of the DC bus voltage on the input side of each primary wireless power transfer module by using the maximum power point tracking method, and adjust the DC bus voltage on the input side of each wireless power transfer module by controlling the corresponding sequential switch shunt regulator to make it track the set value of the DC bus voltage. S5: Sets the power transmission value for each wireless power transfer module. Slightly higher than the current output power of its input solar array branch. This drives an increase in the output power of the solar array branch; S6: Based on the given value of the transmission power of each wireless power transfer module Determine the phase shift angle of the primary side of each wireless power transfer module. and switching angular frequency.

8. A spacecraft photovoltaic-wireless power transfer system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of wireless power transfer modules required in the control method without communication scheme The calculation method is as follows: the number of wireless power transfer modules required. The calculation method is as follows: ,in This represents the current maximum charging power of the battery. For the current load power, This represents the average power that a single wireless power transfer module can currently output. This is a function for rounding down.

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