A small reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic control, and discloses a miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing, which comprises a base, an elastic connecting sheet is integrally connected to the outer side of a first connecting ring, and a second connecting ring is integrally connected to the top end of the elastic connecting sheet. The miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing adopts a permanent magnet and a copper wire coil, cooperates with an elastic connecting sheet and a connecting ring, is driven based on double superposition of Ampere force and magnetic field force, adjusts the amplitude and frequency of input current, adjusts the amplitude and vibration frequency, ensures that the electromagnetic-mechanical energy conversion efficiency is high, and the overall structure is lightweight embedded design; the elastic connecting sheet is used as a guide support structure, wear problems caused by sliding friction are avoided, the elastic connecting sheet can limit the maximum stroke of coil movement, reciprocating motion or static motion with different strokes and different speeds is realized, short and medium stroke telescopic requirements are met, and scene applicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic control technology, specifically to a miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic expansion and vibration is one of the core technological paths to realize the conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy. It is a key supporting technology in fields such as precision manufacturing, consumer electronics, medical health, and industrial processing. Its core value lies in realizing controllable reciprocating expansion or vibration output through electromagnetic effects, and it has outstanding advantages such as fast response speed, high control precision, and no contact wear.

[0003] A search revealed that an electromagnetic telescopic micro-feeding device is disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108206647A. This device generates a magnetic field by controlling the magnitude and frequency of the input current to the excitation coil. The magnetic field, through the magnetostrictive effect, causes the magnetostrictive rod to perform linear telescopic motion.

[0004] However, this electromagnetic telescopic micro-feeding device relies on a magnetostrictive rod as the driving core, which has poor tensile strength and weak impact resistance, making it unsuitable for complex working conditions such as high-precision vibration and telescopic movement. Furthermore, the output displacement of the magnetostrictive material in this device is highly sensitive to temperature, and the device has a large number of parts, high assembly difficulty, and large size, making it impossible to achieve lightweight design. In addition, the use of bearings as a guide support structure is prone to mechanical friction gaps that lead to wear problems, affecting output accuracy and service life. Therefore, a miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limit energy is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support and limiting, which has the advantages of high accuracy in controlling the extension and vibration stroke and high energy utilization and conversion rate. It solves the problems of complex size and structure, low extension and vibration control accuracy and high loss in existing electromagnetic extension and micro-feeding devices.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above-mentioned high precision in telescopic vibration stroke control and high energy utilization and conversion rate, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limit energy, including a base, wherein a telescopic control mechanism is provided on the top of the base; The telescopic control mechanism includes a first connecting ring fixed to the top of the base, an elastic connecting piece integrally connected to the outer side of the first connecting ring, a second connecting ring integrally connected to the top of the elastic connecting piece, and a coil assembly fixed to the inner side of the second connecting ring.

[0007] Preferably, the elastic connecting piece includes a first connecting strip integrally connected to the first connecting ring, and the number of the first connecting strips is four, which are evenly distributed in a ring array on the outer edge of the first connecting ring.

[0008] Preferably, each of the four first connecting strips has a pin fixed at the end away from the first connecting ring, and a second connecting strip is rotatably sleeved on the outside of each pin.

[0009] Preferably, each second connecting strip is integrally connected to the second connecting ring at the end away from the pin, and an adhesive groove is provided on the inner side of the second connecting ring.

[0010] Preferably, a soft magnet is integrally formed on the inner side of the base, and a cylindrical magnet is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the base.

[0011] Preferably, a soft magnet is magnetically fixed to the top of the first cylindrical magnet, and a second cylindrical magnet is magnetically fixed to the top of the second soft magnet.

[0012] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support and limit energy uses permanent magnets and copper wire coils as the driving core, and is equipped with an integrated elastic connecting plate and connecting ring to realize the electromagnetic control of telescopic vibration function. Based on the dual superposition of Ampere force and magnetic field force, the amplitude and vibration frequency are adjusted by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of the input current to ensure high electromagnetic-mechanical energy conversion efficiency. At the same time, the overall structure is compact and can realize lightweight embedded design.

[0013] 2. This miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support and limiting uses a cage-type elastic connecting plate as a guide support structure to avoid wear problems caused by sliding friction. At the same time, the maximum expansion angle of the elastic connecting plate can directly limit the maximum stroke of the coil, realizing reciprocating motion or stationary motion at different speeds and strokes, adapting to short and medium stroke extension requirements and improving the applicability of scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic linear motor of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coil group structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a structure without an elastic connecting piece; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the baseless structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure without soft magnets; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the split structure; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the coil group structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the baseless structure; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic connecting piece structure of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 The front view; Figure 11 This is the level-frequency spectrum diagram of the electromagnetic linear motor of the present invention for testing electromagnetic wave signals; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Table of electromagnetic interference data generated by mid-spectrum overview test.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Telescopic control mechanism; 201. First connecting ring; 202. Elastic connecting piece; 2021. First connecting strip; 2022. Pin shaft; 2023. Second connecting strip; 203. Second connecting ring; 204. Coil group; 3. Adhesive groove; 4. Soft magnet one; 5. Cylindrical magnet one; 6. Soft magnet two; 7. Cylindrical magnet two; 8. Working gap. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 In this embodiment, according to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a soft magnet 4 is embedded and fixed in the inner wall of the base 1 using epoxy glue. A cylindrical magnet 5 is also fixed in the center of the inner bottom wall of the base 1 using epoxy glue, ensuring that its axis coincides with the central axis of the base 1. A soft magnet 6 and a cylindrical magnet 7 are fixed in sequence on the top of the cylindrical magnet 5 using magnetic glue, ensuring that the central axes of the cylindrical magnet 5, the soft magnet 6 and the cylindrical magnet 7 coincide. At the same time, ensure that the height of cylindrical magnet 27 is equal to or greater than the sum of the heights of cylindrical magnet 15 and soft magnet 26, and ensure that the height of coil assembly 204 is equal to the sum of the heights of cylindrical magnet 15 and soft magnet 26. This ensures that after coil assembly 204 rises to a certain height, it can leave the magnetic field working range of soft magnet 26, and ensures that the inner side of coil assembly 204 does not exceed the overall height of cylindrical magnet 27. Moreover, when the height of cylindrical magnet 27 is the same as the sum of the heights of cylindrical magnet 15 and soft magnet 26, the efficiency generated by the combined force of magnetic field force and Ampere force on coil assembly 204 is at its highest value.

[0018] according to Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the bottom end of cylindrical magnet 5 is the S pole and its top end is the N pole; the bottom end of cylindrical magnet 7 is the N pole and its top end is the S pole; the magnetic field lines run from the S pole to the N pole inside cylindrical magnet 5 and cylindrical magnet 7, and from the N pole to the S pole outside cylindrical magnet 5 and cylindrical magnet 7. To enhance the direction of the magnetic field lines into a closed loop, the magnetic field lines start from the N pole of cylindrical magnet 5, pass through soft magnet 6, and are guided vertically to soft magnet 4. The diameter of soft magnet 6 is set to be larger than the diameters of cylindrical magnet 5 and cylindrical magnet 7, and the inner height of soft magnet 4 is set to be equal to or greater than the sum of the heights of cylindrical magnet 5 and soft magnet 6, ensuring that the magnetic field lines are all covered by the inner side of soft magnet 4.

[0019] Example 2 In this embodiment, according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, a glass fiber insulating material is used as the base 1, and a soft magnet 4 is integrally formed on the inner side of the base 1 to serve as a base support and to take into account the magnetic circuit guidance and closure effect. An integrated first connecting ring 201 and first connecting strip 2021, as well as an integrated second connecting strip 2023 and second connecting ring 203 sheet structure are made of polyimide film to ensure that the base 1 and the sheet structure are non-magnetic and completely insulated, so as to avoid affecting the magnetic field distribution of the magnet and the energized coil. At the same time, the surfaces of the first connecting ring 201, first connecting strip 2021, second connecting strip 2023, second connecting ring 203 and coil group 204 are coated with a high temperature resistant insulating paint layer to achieve high temperature resistance and insulation effect during overall operation.

[0020] The first connecting ring 201 and the first connecting strip 2021 are connected together, and the second connecting ring 203 and the second connecting strip 2023 are integrally manufactured. The four first connecting strips 2021 and the four second connecting strips 2023 are distributed in a ring array on the outside of the first connecting ring 201 and the second connecting ring 203 respectively. A pin 2022 is welded and fixed to one end of the first connecting strip 2021, and one end of the second connecting strip 2023 is sleeved and rotated on the pin 2022 to form a cage structure. When the distance between the first connecting ring 201 and the second connecting ring 203 changes, the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 can change their angle through the pin 2022. At the same time, the first connecting bar 2021, the second connecting bar 2023 and the pin 2022 cooperate to realize the axial floating support of the coil. The angle changes through the rotation of the pin, so as to guide, limit the stroke, provide elastic support and reset the coil group 204.

[0021] according to Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the coil group 204 is wound on the fiberglass sleeve structure with an even number of turns, and the top of the fiberglass sleeve is glued and fixed to the inside of the second connecting ring 203 with epoxy adhesive. Furthermore, the fiberglass tube at the top of the coil group 204 can be detachably fitted with structures such as a vibrating plate, a rigid connecting rod, and a one-way valve to adapt to different application scenarios. Then connect one end of the wire of coil group 204 to the positive terminal of external AC power supply and the other end of the wire to the negative terminal of external AC power supply. The even number of turns ensures that both ends of the coil wire are wound around the top position area of ​​the coil, which facilitates external power supply and avoids the wire from being wound inside the working gap 8, thus affecting the movement of the coil. A working gap 8 is provided between the soft magnet 4 and the cylindrical magnet 5 and the soft magnet 6. A magnetic field perpendicular to the coil group 204 is formed inside the working gap 8. The coil group 204 is inserted into the working gap 8, and its inner and outer walls do not contact the soft magnet 4, the cylindrical magnet 5, and the soft magnet 6, so that the coil group 204 is subjected to Ampere force and magnetic field force in the vertical direction inside the working gap 8.

[0022] Example 3 In this embodiment, based on the magnet assembly structure in Embodiment 1 and the coil winding distribution in Embodiment 2, the lifting motion control of the coil group 204 is realized. The AC power supply is started, the output voltage is set to 6V, the vibration frequency is 500Hz, and the resistor is connected to ensure that the working current of the coil group 204 is limited to within 1.2A. At this time, the working current generates an alternating magnetic field after passing through the coil group 204. The alternating magnetic field of the coil group 204 interacts with the fixed magnetic field formed by the S pole at the upper end of the cylindrical magnet 7 and the second soft magnet 204 inside the working gap area 8. As a uniform vertical magnetic field is generated in the working gap, the magnetic field utilization rate can be effectively improved. When the current direction generates a magnetic field in the N-pole direction at the upper end of the coil, it attracts the S pole at the upper end of the cylindrical magnet 7. The coil group 204 is subjected to an upward magnetic force. According to the left-hand rule and the direction of the coil current, it is determined that the coil group 204 is simultaneously subjected to an upward Ampere force. The upward magnetic force and the Ampere force combine to propel the coil group 204 upward. When the current direction is reversed, a magnetic field is formed at the upper end of the coil in the direction of the S pole, which generates a repulsive force with the upper S pole of the second column magnet. The coil group 204 is subjected to a downward magnetic force. According to the left-hand rule and the direction of the coil current, it is determined that the coil group 204 is simultaneously subjected to a downward Ampere force. The downward magnetic force and the Ampere force work together to propel the coil group 204 up and down. Therefore, when connected to an alternating power supply, the periodically switching alternating current will repeatedly change the direction of the magnetic force and Ampere force on the coil group 204, ensuring that the coil group 204 moves up and down in a reciprocating manner along the vertical direction outside the magnet group. The vibration amplitude is adjusted by the current amplitude. If it is necessary to adjust the vibration parameters, the output frequency or voltage can be adjusted by the alternating power supply.

[0023] Example 4 In this embodiment, according to the combined structure of connecting ring, connecting strip and coil group 204 in embodiment 2, when the coil group 204 is subjected to the combined force of upward magnetic field force and Ampere force, the coil group 204 drives the contracted second connecting ring 203 and second connecting strip 2023 to move upward. At this time, the second connecting strip 2023 rotates on the pin 2022, causing the angle between the first connecting strip 2021 and the second connecting strip 2023 to expand. The first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 are designed to have compressive elasticity. When the coil assembly 204 pushes the second connecting ring 203 and the second connecting bar 2023 upward, the coil assembly 204 is also subjected to an upward supporting elastic force, which makes the pushing force on the object connected or in contact with the top end of the coil assembly 204 stronger. At the same time, there is a maximum expansion angle between the first connecting bar 2021, the second connecting bar 2023 and the pin 2022, which limits the maximum upward stroke of the coil assembly 204 and prevents the coil assembly 204 from leaving the magnetic field area of ​​the first cylindrical magnet 5 and the second cylindrical magnet 7. When the coil assembly 204 is subjected to the combined force of the downward magnetic field force and the Ampere force, the coil assembly 204 drives the extended second connecting ring 203 and the second connecting bar 2023 to move downward. At this time, the second connecting bar 2023 rotates on the pin 2022, which reduces the angle between the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023, thereby resetting the positions of the connecting ring, connecting bar and coil assembly 204. according to Figure 10 As shown, it is ensured that when no power supply current is applied, the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 form an equilateral triangle structure, that is, the included angle between the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 is 60°, and at the inner axis of the pin 2022, the central angle formed by the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 is 120°, so that the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 are in an optimal distance range when expanding or contracting; At this time, the coil group 204 is suspended inside the working gap area 8. The bottom end of the coil group 204 is horizontally aligned with the bottom edge of the soft magnet 6, which serves as the midpoint for the coil group 204 to move up and down. At the same time, the initial magnetic force at this midpoint is the greatest. In addition to the above-mentioned design where the angle between the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 is 60°, the flexibility of the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 when expanding or contracting can be changed by adjusting the damping at the connection between the first connecting bar 2021, the second connecting bar 2023 and the pin 2022. That is, the flexibility of the first connecting bar 2021 and the second connecting bar 2023 when they are stretched during the upward movement of the coil group 204 can be adjusted. Alternatively, glue or welding can be used to design the connection between the first connecting strip 2021, the second connecting strip 2023 and the pin rod 2022 as an integral structure.

[0024] Example 5 In this embodiment, taking a linear drive voice coil motor as an example, the reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor can be applied to short-stroke high-precision linear drive scenarios. The entire structure is embedded into the motor housing as a voice coil motor module, the base is fixed to the stator end of the motor, and the fiberglass structure at the top of the coil is rigidly connected to the load output shaft through a connector and connected to the servo drive power supply. After the alternating drive current is applied, the coil assembly is simultaneously subjected to the resultant force of the Ampere force and the magnetic force in the uniform magnetic field of the working gap, and performs reciprocating extension and retraction motion along the axial direction. At this time, the elastic connecting piece and the pin shaft guiding structure ensure that the coil has no radial displacement and the output thrust direction is stable. The maximum expansion angle of the first connecting strip and the second connecting strip limits the maximum extension and retraction stroke of the coil, preventing the coil from leaving the magnetic circuit area of ​​the working gap. The output thrust is precisely controlled by adjusting the current amplitude, and the reciprocating motion speed is adjusted by adjusting the current frequency. With the help of position feedback, it can be adapted to linear drive scenarios with different accuracy requirements.

[0025] Compared with existing voice coil motors: Traditional voice coil motors mostly use linear guide rails for guidance, which have mechanical friction gaps, resulting in severe wear after long-term use and requiring regular lubrication and maintenance. In addition, the guide structure occupies a large volume. Some spring-guided voice coil motors have insufficient radial stiffness, which makes them prone to wobbling under load and resulting in large output thrust loss. In this structure, the cage-type elastic connecting piece is a frictionless guiding structure with a long service life and high radial positioning accuracy. Its closed magnetic circuit and resultant force structure have a higher thrust density, effectively increasing the output thrust under the same volume. The overall structure is compact and requires no additional limiting or guiding parts, making it suitable for high-precision short-stroke precision linear drive scenarios.

[0026] Based on the above application scenarios of linear motors, pulley blocks or rigid shafts are used as examples of flexible and rigid adjustment, respectively, to achieve adjustment of the magnitude or direction of the torque output by the linear motor. Specifically: 1) Using pulley blocks as the torque adjustment structure By switching pulley configurations with different mechanical gains, while keeping the motor input thrust constant, the magnitude of the final output force to the load can be changed, thus exceeding the motor's maximum thrust limit. Option 1: Fixed pulley steering scheme (force remains the same, direction changes) A fixed pulley is installed at the center of the top of the motor housing, with the pulley shaft arranged horizontally. The fiberglass structure at the top of the coil is used as the load output shaft, and a flexible rope is connected to it through a connector. The rope is passed upward around the fixed pulley, and the output end is led out in a horizontal or other direction. At this time, the magnitude of the output force is not changed, only the output direction of the force is changed. It is suitable for scenarios that need to convert the vertical thrust of the linear motor into the horizontal pull force, and can be used with multiple fixed pulleys to realize the force transmission of complex paths.

[0027] Option 2: Single-acting pulley force amplification scheme (thrust amplification) One fixed pulley is fixed on each side of the top of the motor housing as the steering and fixing ends. One movable pulley is added. The load output rod is connected to the shaft of the movable pulley. One end of the rope is fixed to the left fixed pulley bracket, passes down around the movable pulley, and then passes up around the right fixed pulley. The end is connected to the output shaft at the top of the coil. The movable pulley is supported by two sections of rope. The motor output thrust acts on the free end of the rope. When a large thrust and short stroke are required, the moving pulley path is connected to output the amplified thrust. When a small thrust and large stroke are required, switch to direct drive mode, which bypasses the moving pulley and directly connects to the load, then outputs the original thrust.

[0028] Option 3: Multi-stage pulley system with adjustable gain (multi-level adjustment) A switchable pulley array is arranged at the motor output end, with different configurations of 2, 3, and 4 rope segments, and a clutch or pin switching mechanism is designed to select different rope winding methods to connect to the transmission chain, thereby realizing different thrust levels.

[0029] 2) Using a rigid shaft as the torque adjustment structure Option 1: Lever-Enhancing Mechanism A rigid lever is mounted on the motor housing via a fixed fulcrum hinge. The input hinge is connected to the output shaft at the top of the coil, and the output hinge is connected to the load. The fulcrum position is adjusted using a sliding groove and a locking screw. The fulcrum position can be changed by sliding along the lever. By changing the ratio of the input lever arm to the output lever arm through the sliding fulcrum, the output thrust can be continuously adjusted.

[0030] Option 2: Gear and rack transmission mechanism A rack is rigidly connected to the output shaft at the top of the coil and moves linearly back and forth with the coil. One or two gears of different diameters are coaxially mounted on a fixed shaft to form a variable speed gear set. Another rack is connected to the load and moves linearly back and forth. A shifting mechanism is designed to drive the intermediate gear set to move axially and select gears of different diameters to mesh. By shifting gears, different diameter gears are engaged to change the transmission ratio and achieve stepped adjustment of the output thrust.

[0031] Option 3: Crank-connecting rod mechanism A crank disc is rigidly mounted on a fixed shaft. The disc has radially adjustable crank pins. One end of the input connecting rod is hinged to the motor coil output shaft, and the other end is hinged to the crank pin. One end of the output connecting rod is hinged to another position on the crank disc, and the other end is hinged to the load. The eccentricity of the crank pin is changed by rotating the adjusting screw connected to the crank pin. The output force of the crank connecting rod is inversely proportional to the crank radius. By adjusting the eccentricity of the crank pin, the length of the crank lever arm is changed, thereby continuously changing the amplification factor of the output thrust. The smaller the eccentricity, the greater the force amplification factor.

[0032] Example 6 In this embodiment, taking a waterproof underwater heater as an example, the reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor can be applied to small water heating scenarios. By using a fully sealed insulating material to encapsulate the base, the cylindrical magnet, soft magnet, and coil group are placed in a sealed cavity, and the power supply wire is led out through a waterproof sealed connector. The whole unit can be used when placed underwater. When an AC current is applied, the coil wires continuously generate heat through the Joule effect. The heat is then evenly conducted to the external water body through the insulating base wall, thus achieving the heating function. At the same time, under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the coil can drive the sealed cavity to vibrate slightly, causing the surrounding water to flow, avoiding excessive local water temperature and improving heat exchange efficiency. By adjusting the input voltage, the heating power of the coil can be changed to adapt to the heating rate requirements of different water volumes. It can also be used with a temperature sensor to achieve constant temperature control.

[0033] Compared with existing underwater heaters: Traditional underwater heaters mostly use resistance wire and metal sleeve structure. The metal sleeve is prone to rust and perforation when immersed for a long time, which poses a risk of leakage and electric shock. In addition, the local temperature of the resistance wire is too high, and the tube wall is prone to scale buildup, which leads to a continuous decrease in heating efficiency. Ordinary electromagnetic induction heaters have a complex structure, large size and high cost.

[0034] After the structure is sealed and waterproofed, its heating efficiency remains stable over long-term use. Its compact size makes it suitable for low-pressure heating applications such as aquariums and small landscape water features.

[0035] Example 7 In this embodiment, taking an ultrasonic generator as an example, the reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor can be applied to ultrasonic driving scenarios, that is, the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the coil drives the amplitude transformer to output ultrasonic waves, the fiberglass structure at the top of the coil is rigidly connected to the input end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer through a connector, the base is fixed to the generator housing, the coil group is connected to a high-frequency alternating power supply, and the power supply frequency is adjusted to match the resonant frequency of the coil group and the elastic connecting piece. After a high-frequency alternating current at the resonant frequency is applied, the coil assembly undergoes high-frequency reciprocating vibration under the resonance drive of the Ampere force and magnetic field force. The vibration is transmitted to the ultrasonic amplitude transformer through the structure at the top of the coil, and the amplitude is amplified by the amplitude transformer before high-frequency ultrasonic waves are output. The cage-type elastic connecting plate's guiding structure ensures coaxiality throughout the vibration process, eliminating energy loss due to radial sway and resulting in high vibration energy transfer efficiency. The elastic coefficient of the elastic connecting plate is matched with the mass of the moving parts to form a resonant system, achieving optimal energy conversion efficiency and stable output amplitude under resonant conditions. The output ultrasonic power can be adjusted by changing the amplitude of the high-frequency current, adapting to the power requirements of different scenarios such as ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic atomization, and ultrasonic emulsification.

[0036] Compared with existing ultrasonic generators: mainstream piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic generators have high requirements for driving voltage, piezoelectric ceramic materials are brittle and have poor impact resistance, their performance degrades severely under high temperature environments, and their driving circuits are complex and costly; while traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic generators have open magnetic circuits, large energy loss, large size, and severe vibration and sway.

[0037] The closed magnetic circuit in this structure has high energy conversion efficiency, and the electromagnetic drive structure has far superior shock resistance and high temperature resistance compared to piezoelectric ceramics. The cage-type guide structure has high vibration coaxiality, low energy loss, and stable ultrasonic output. The drive voltage is low, the supporting circuit is simple, and the service life and environmental adaptability are excellent, making it suitable for industrial ultrasonic cleaning, commercial ultrasonic atomization and other scenarios.

[0038] Example 8 In this embodiment, taking the adjustable frequency near-field electromagnetic wave device as an example, the reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor is applied to small near-field communication, teaching experiment demonstration and other scenarios. The whole structure is fixed inside the equipment housing, the base is insulated from the housing, the lead wire of the coil group is connected to the high frequency alternating signal source, and a fine adjustment interface is reserved in the glass fiber structure at the top of the coil, so that the initial position of the coil can be adjusted through the external structure. A high-frequency alternating current is supplied to the coil assembly, which generates an alternating electromagnetic field in the space around the coil, radiating near-field electromagnetic waves outward. At the same time, a low-frequency driving current is superimposed to cause the coil to reciprocate slightly along the axis, producing a mechanical frequency modulation effect on the radiated electromagnetic waves and outputting a stable frequency-modulated electromagnetic wave signal. The elastic connecting piece and connecting ring structure made of fully insulated non-magnetic material do not interfere with the electromagnetic field distribution and do not generate eddy current losses, ensuring that the electromagnetic wave radiation efficiency is not affected. The cage-type guiding structure ensures that the coil vibration is coaxial throughout the entire process and that the radiation direction is stable and without deviation. The center radiation frequency of electromagnetic waves can be changed by adjusting the fundamental frequency of the high-frequency current; the resonant frequency can be finely adjusted by changing the coil inductance by adjusting the initial position of the coil in the working gap; and the frequency modulation depth of electromagnetic waves can be adjusted by changing the amplitude of the driving current to adapt to different near-field communication and experimental needs.

[0039] according to Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, this electromagnetic linear motor can generate and output stable electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency. Compared with existing small electromagnetic wave devices, the frequency adjustment of traditional fixed antenna electromagnetic wave transmitters relies entirely on circuit tuning, resulting in a narrow adjustment range and complex supporting circuits. Mechanical tuning devices often use screw drive structures to adjust the antenna position, which are large in size, have slow tuning response speed, and the metal adjustment structure can interfere with the electromagnetic field distribution and reduce radiation efficiency.

[0040] This structure utilizes the electromagnetic vibration of the coil to achieve rapid mechanical frequency modulation, resulting in fast tuning response and higher radiation efficiency. The overall structure is compact and small in size, requiring no complex tuning circuits, making it suitable for lightweight applications such as small-scale near-field wireless communication and teaching experimental demonstrations.

[0041] In summary, this miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support and limiting energy uses permanent magnets and copper wire coils as the driving core, and uses an integrated elastic connecting piece and connecting ring to realize the electromagnetic control of telescopic vibration function. Based on the dual superposition of Ampere force and magnetic force, the amplitude and vibration frequency are adjusted by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of the input current to ensure high electromagnetic-mechanical energy conversion efficiency. At the same time, the overall structure is compact and can realize lightweight embedded design. The cage-type elastic connecting piece is used as a guide support structure to avoid wear caused by sliding friction. At the same time, the maximum expansion angle of the elastic connecting piece can directly limit the maximum stroke of the coil, realizing reciprocating motion or stationary motion at different speeds and strokes, adapting to short and medium stroke extension requirements and improving the applicability of the scenario.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is provided with a telescopic control mechanism (2); The telescopic control mechanism (2) includes a first connecting ring (201) fixed to the top of the base (1), an elastic connecting piece (202) integrally connected to the outside of the first connecting ring (201), a second connecting ring (203) integrally connected to the top of the elastic connecting piece (202), and a coil group (204) fixed to the inside of the second connecting ring (205).

2. A miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connecting piece (202) includes a first connecting strip (2021) integrally connected to the first connecting ring (201). The number of the first connecting strips (2021) is four, and they are evenly distributed in a ring array on the outer edge of the first connecting ring (201).

3. A miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the four first connecting bars (2021) has a pin (2022) fixed at the end away from the first connecting ring (201), and a second connecting bar (2023) is sleeved and rotated on the outside of each pin (2022).

4. A miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Each second connecting strip (2023) is integrally connected to the second connecting ring (203) at the end away from the pin (2022), and an adhesive groove (3) is provided on the inner side of the second connecting ring (203).

5. A miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A soft magnet (4) is integrally formed on the inner side of the base (1), and a cylindrical magnet (5) is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the base.

6. A miniaturized reciprocating electromagnetic linear motor based on elastic support limiting and energizing as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A soft magnet (6) is magnetically fixed to the top of the first cylindrical magnet (5), and a second cylindrical magnet (7) is magnetically fixed to the top of the second soft magnet (6).

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