Satellite internet transmission method, satellite network device, terminal device, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, computer program product and chip system

Abstract

Provided are a satellite Internet transmission method, a satellite network device, a terminal device, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a chip system. The method comprises: receiving a first request message of a first terminal device, the first request message being formed by combining an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carrying connection information and subscription information; in response to the first request message, sending a first response message to the first terminal device, the first response message being formed by combining an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carrying connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information. The present disclosure combines the connection establishment and subscription processes in the satellite Internet transmission process, simplifies the overall communication process, reduces the network communication frequency and transmission times in scenarios such as new connection and MQTT reconnection, reduces the risk of communication delay and the probability of data loss, reduces the waste of network resources and the network burden, and improves the stability of the satellite Internet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of satellite internet, and specifically to a satellite internet transmission method, satellite network equipment, terminal equipment, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and chip system. Background Technology

[0002] In the current satellite internet environment, common application layer protocols such as HTTP, WebSocket, and MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport), which are based on the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) reliable transport layer protocol, can be used to achieve satellite internet network communication from terminal to terminal and from terminal to application services.

[0003] Compared to terrestrial operator IP networks, satellite internet currently suffers from weak network capabilities, unstable network signals, large variations in transmission latency, bandwidth limitations, and high resource usage costs. For application scenarios with high reliability requirements, such as instant messaging and the Internet of Things, application layer transmission protocols based on TCP / IP reliable communication are difficult to adapt to the weak network environment of satellite internet due to their high requirements for the network environment.

[0004] MQTT is an application-layer transport protocol designed for low-bandwidth and unstable networks. It is a lightweight publish / subscribe messaging protocol that supports one-to-many communication. However, when satellite internet networks experience severe problems, such as excessive network load, large latency variations, or unstable network signals, even using the MQTT message architecture and protocol flow may still present potential problems and risks such as increased network latency, data loss, and wasted network transmission resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Providing a mechanism to alleviate, reduce or eliminate at least one of the above problems would be beneficial.

[0006] In a first aspect, a satellite internet transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0007] The system receives a first request message from a first terminal device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information.

[0008] In response to the first request message, a first response message is sent to the first terminal device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

[0009] Secondly, another method of satellite internet transmission is provided, including:

[0010] Send a first request message to the satellite network device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information.

[0011] The system receives a first response message sent by the satellite network device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

[0012] In a third aspect, a satellite network device is provided. The satellite network device includes: one or more processors; and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors and storing instructions thereon. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the one or more processors, the satellite network device performs the aforementioned satellite internet transmission method.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, a terminal device is provided. The terminal device includes: one or more processors; and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors and storing instructions thereon. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the one or more processors, the terminal device performs the aforementioned satellite internet transmission method.

[0014] In a fifth aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores machine-executable instructions. When executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a machine, the machine-executable instructions cause the machine to perform any of the methods described above.

[0015] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product including machine-executable instructions is provided. When executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a machine, the machine-executable instructions cause the machine to perform any of the methods described above.

[0016] In a seventh aspect, a chip system is provided, including a circuit system configured to perform any of the methods described above.

[0017] According to exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, by optimizing the design of MQTT protocol layer message types, the original MQTT connection message and subscription message are merged into a new connection message type, and the original MQTT connection confirmation response message and subscription confirmation response message are merged into a new response message, thus merging the connection establishment and subscription processes. By simplifying the overall communication process, the frequency of network communication and the number of TCP / IP transmissions are reduced during new connection establishment and MQTT reconnection scenarios due to link instability, thereby reducing the risk of communication delay and data loss, reducing the waste of satellite data traffic resources, alleviating the network burden of satellite internet, and improving the stability of satellite internet.

[0018] It should be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the more detailed description of some embodiments thereof in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a satellite internet network environment according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an MQTT data packet according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the original communication process of an MQTT protocol in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A first flowchart of the satellite internet transmission method in this embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an improved communication process of the MQTT protocol in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another improved communication process of the MQTT protocol in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 A second flowchart of the satellite internet transmission method in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0027] Figure 8 A first structural schematic diagram of the satellite internet transmission device in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 9 A second structural schematic diagram of the satellite internet transmission device in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown; and

[0029] Figure 10 A simplified block diagram of the device in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The principles of this disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described for illustrative purposes only and to assist those skilled in the art in understanding and implementing this disclosure, and do not impose any limitation on the scope of this disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in ways other than those described below.

[0031] In the following description and claims, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0032] References to "an embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," etc., in this disclosure indicate that the described embodiments may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment needs to include specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an exemplary embodiment, whether explicitly described or not, those skilled in the art will recognize that such a feature, structure, or characteristic affects its connection to other embodiments.

[0033] It should be understood that while the terms “first” and “second”, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element. The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. The singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” used herein also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “a group of elements” or “a collection of elements” as used herein are intended to include one or more elements. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “possessing,” “including,” and / or “comprising,” when used herein, specify the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that conforms to any suitable communication standard, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), New Radio (NR), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN), etc. Furthermore, communication between terminal devices and network devices in a communication network can be performed according to any suitable generation of communication protocol, including but not limited to first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth-generation (5G), and future sixth-generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to satellite communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, future types of communication technologies and systems will naturally exist, and this disclosure can be implemented using these technologies and systems. The scope of this disclosure should not be considered limited to the aforementioned systems.

[0036] As used herein, the term "satellite network device" refers to a node located on a satellite or ground segment within a satellite communication network. Terminal devices access the network and receive services through this node. Depending on the terminology and technology applied, a satellite network device can refer to a base station (BS) or access point (AP) that serves as a satellite payload, such as a Node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), an NR NB (also known as a gNB), a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a Radio Header (RH), a Remote Radio Header (RRH), or a relay node. An example of a relay node can be an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node. The Distributed Unit (DU) portion of an IAB node can perform the functions of a "satellite network device" and therefore can operate as a network device. In the following description, the terms "satellite network device," "BS," and "node" are used interchangeably.

[0037] The term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As an example and not a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), subscriber station (SS), portable subscriber station, mobile station (MS), or access terminal (AT). This terminal device may include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, Voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablets, wearable terminal devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback devices, in-vehicle wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop embedded devices (LEEs), laptop installed devices (LMEs), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless subscriber equipment (CPEs), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in the context of industrial and / or automated processing chains), consumer electronics devices, relay nodes, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. The mobile terminal (MT) portion of an IAB node can perform the functions of a "terminal device" and therefore can operate as a terminal device. In the following description, the terms "terminal device," "communication device," "terminal," "user equipment," and "UE" are used interchangeably.

[0038] The term "satellite internet" refers to internet access based on satellite communication technology. It can be simply understood as ground base stations being moved into the air via satellite platforms. Each satellite is a mobile base station in the sky, providing high-bandwidth, flexible, and convenient internet access services to users worldwide.

[0039] The term "core network" refers to network elements that perform core switching or call routing functions. It consists of multiple functional units, which can be divided into control plane and data plane functional entities, performing functions such as user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, and billing. Specifically, the access and mobility management function (AMF) is responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. The user plane function (UPF) is responsible for managing user plane data transmission and traffic statistics.

[0040] While the functions described herein may be implemented in fixed and / or wireless network nodes in various exemplary embodiments, in other exemplary embodiments, they may be implemented in user equipment devices (such as cellular phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, desktop computers, mobile IoT devices, or fixed IoT devices). For example, the user equipment device may suitably have the corresponding capabilities described in relation to fixed and / or wireless network nodes. The user equipment device may be user equipment and / or control devices, such as chipsets or processors, configured to control the user equipment when it is installed therein. Examples of these functions include boot server functions and / or home subscriber servers, which may be implemented in the user equipment device by providing the user equipment device with software configured to cause the user equipment device to perform from the perspective of these functions / nodes.

[0041] Current satellite internet environments enable end-to-end IP network communication, using common application layer protocols such as HTTP, WebSocket, and MQTT based on the TCP reliable transport layer for terminal-to-terminal and terminal-to-application service satellite internet network communication. For example... Figure 1 The diagram shows a network environment schematic of a satellite internet according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0042] Compared to terrestrial IP networks, satellite internet currently suffers from weaker network capabilities, unstable network quality, significant variations in transmission latency, bandwidth limitations, and higher costs for resources such as data traffic. For applications requiring high reliability, such as instant messaging and the Internet of Things (IoT), the commonly used TCP / IP-based application layer transport protocols are ill-suited to the weak network environments of satellite internet due to their stringent network requirements.

[0043] MQTT is an application-layer transport protocol designed for low-bandwidth and unstable networks. It's a lightweight publish / subscribe messaging protocol that supports one-to-many communication. The MQTT message publish-subscribe process is implemented through the interaction of various message types, including CONNECT, Subscribe, Publish, and related acknowledgment messages such as CONNACK, PubACK, and SUBACK. A single message can be received by multiple subscribers without requiring the retransmission of multiple individual messages. This makes it suitable for supporting one-to-one communication in satellite internet, group communication, and IoT communication.

[0044] like Figure 2The diagram illustrates the structure of an MQTT data packet according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The MQTT data packet structure can be divided into a fixed header, a variable header, and a message body. The first two bytes constitute the fixed header, which includes the data packet type and QoS (Quality of Service) value. The message body contains the specific content of the message. The QoS value occupies 2 bits in the protocol data packet, and the original design used three values: QoS 0 (at most once), QoS 1 (at least once), and QoS 2 (guaranteed to be received once).

[0045] like Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the original communication flow of an MQTT protocol according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The terminal establishes a connection with the MQTT Server via a CONNECT connection message and a related CONNACK response message; subscribes to messages for a specified topic from the MQTT Server via a Subscribe message and a related SUBACK response message; publishes messages to the MQTT Server via a Publish message and a related PubACK response message, and the MQTT Server publishes messages to the receiving terminal.

[0046] However, in real-world satellite internet applications such as instant messaging and the Internet of Things (IoT), when network problems are severe, such as excessive network traffic leading to heavy network load, large latency variations, and unstable network quality, even using the MQTT protocol's message architecture and flow may still result in increased latency, data loss, and misjudgments by the protocol timeout mechanism, leading to incorrect disconnections of the MQTT connection. This necessitates automatic or manual reconnection, causing connection instability and wasting network transmission resources. For example, when heavy network load increases communication latency, MQTT's periodic heartbeat monitoring may show PING packet delays even when the network is not actually disconnected. In this case, the heartbeat mechanism may misjudge the network as disconnected and actively disconnect the MQTT connection, requiring the satellite internet terminal to re-establish the MQTT connection to continue using it, thus affecting the performance and stability of MQTT-related services.

[0047] Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure propose a solution for satellite internet transmission, which will be referred to below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The principles and implementation of this disclosure are described in detail.

[0048] like Figure 4 The diagram shows a first flowchart of a satellite internet transmission method 400 in this embodiment of the present disclosure. The satellite internet transmission method 400 includes at least the following steps S410 to S420.

[0049] Step S410: Receive a first request message from the first terminal device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information.

[0050] The satellite internet transmission method disclosed herein optimizes the original MQTT protocol messages and communication process, including optimizing the original MQTT protocol request messages by merging the original MQTT protocol connection message information and subscription message information to form a new request message newCONNECT.

[0051] Combination Figure 5 This disclosure provides a schematic diagram of an improved communication process for the MQTT protocol in an embodiment of the present invention. During communication transmission via satellite internet, a new request message initiated by a first terminal device is received. This new request message is composed of information from both the MQTT protocol connection message and the MQTT protocol subscription message. This allows for the simultaneous completion of both the communication connection establishment request and the topic subscription request with a single request message transmission, thereby reducing the number of communications during the request phase. The first terminal device can be understood as any device that supports and has a need for communication transmission via satellite internet.

[0052] Step S420: In response to the first request message, a first response message is returned to the first terminal device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

[0053] Corresponding to the above request message, the information of the original MQTT protocol connection response message and subscription response message are also merged to form a new response message newCONNACK.

[0054] In the process of communication transmission based on satellite Internet, after receiving the first request message from the first terminal device, a communication connection can be established with the first terminal device and the subscription information of the first terminal device can be confirmed. Then, a new response message is returned to the first terminal device. The new response message carries both connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information. In this way, the confirmation of the communication connection and the confirmation of the topic subscription can be completed at the same time through the sending of a single response message, thereby reducing the number of communications in the response phase.

[0055] By merging the original MQTT connection and subscription messages into a new message `newCONNECT`, each time a client establishes a new MQTT connection or reconnects with the server, one less TCP communication and response occurs on the satellite internet. The worse the satellite internet network environment, the more frequently MQTT needs to reconnect, resulting in a greater reduction in communication frequency and a more significant reduction in network load. For example, when 10,000 users are using the MQTT protocol for instant messaging or IoT services, if the network disconnects once per hour, the satellite internet network will reduce TCP requests and responses by 10,000 per hour.

[0056] This disclosure merges the connection establishment and subscription processes during satellite internet transmission. By simplifying the overall communication process, it reduces the network communication frequency and TCP / IP transmission count in scenarios such as establishing new connections and MQTT reconnection after disconnection due to link instability. This reduces the risk of communication delay and data loss, minimizes the waste of satellite data traffic resources, alleviates the network burden of satellite internet, and improves the stability of satellite internet.

[0057] As used herein, the term "MQTT protocol" can refer to any existing or future version of the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol, the term "MQTT protocol connection message" refers to the connection message defined by the MQTT protocol, and the term "MQTT protocol subscription message" refers to the subscription message defined by the MQTT protocol. The term "merge" does not require that the first request message resulting from the merge includes every element of the MQTT protocol connection message and every element of the MQTT protocol subscription message; rather, the first request message may include some or all of the elements of the MQTT protocol connection message and some or all of the elements of the MQTT protocol subscription message, and potentially even more additional elements. These elements can be reorganized (e.g., shuffled) into a new format.

[0058] In some embodiments, the connection information includes at least one of the following: an identifier for identifying a session, one or more fields for controlling the lifecycle of a session, a username and password for authenticating a user, and a parameter for indicating a heartbeat time interval.

[0059] The connection information in the new request message includes at least one of the following:

[0060] 1) Identifier used to identify the session: This identifier is used to uniquely identify an MQTT session so that it can be identified which session is sending or receiving messages in subsequent communications. For example, it can be represented as clientId.

[0061] 2) One or more fields used to control the lifecycle of a session: These fields are used to control the duration of the session, reconnection policies, etc., to ensure the stability and reliability of the session. For example, they may include the CleanSession field under the MQTT v3.1.1 protocol, or the Clean Start field and Session ExpiryInterval field under the MQTT v5.0 protocol.

[0062] 3) Username and password used for user authentication: This information is used to authenticate terminal devices and ensure that only legitimate devices can access the MQTT network.

[0063] 4) Parameter indicating the heartbeat interval: The heartbeat interval refers to the time interval at which the terminal device and the MQTT server periodically send heartbeat messages. This parameter is used to detect whether the connection is still active and to promptly detect and handle connection interruptions.

[0064] Authentication using the username and password included in the connection information ensures that only legitimate devices can access the MQTT network, thus enhancing network security. Controlling parameters such as session lifecycle and heartbeat intervals allows for more flexible MQTT session management, improving session stability and reliability. The heartbeat mechanism enables timely detection and handling of connection interruptions, facilitating troubleshooting and recovery. Furthermore, the introduction of session identifiers makes it easier to pinpoint the problem in the event of a failure.

[0065] In some embodiments, the subscription information includes at least one of the following: a field indicating the subscription topic and a field indicating the quality of service level of the subscription topic.

[0066] The subscription information in the new request message includes at least one of the following:

[0067] 1) Field indicating the topic to subscribe to: This field directly specifies the topic to which the terminal device wants to receive messages. The MQTT protocol allows terminal devices to subscribe to one or more topics to receive messages published under those topics.

[0068] 2) Field indicating the Quality of Service (QoS) level of the subscribed topic: This field specifies the QoS level that the terminal device expects for messages on the subscribed topic. The existing MQTT protocol defines three different QoS levels: QoS 0 (at most once), QoS 1 (at least once), and QoS 2 (guaranteed to be received once). This disclosure can be further extended based on these.

[0069] By including fields indicating the subscription topic and the quality of service (QoS) level of the subscription topic in the subscription information, message reception and processing can be controlled more precisely, improving transmission flexibility and efficiency. At the same time, this also provides terminal devices with more choices and configuration options, enabling them to better adapt to different application scenarios and needs.

[0070] To facilitate understanding of the above embodiments, Table 1 below lists the main information contained in a new request message:

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] It should be noted that the message information in Table 1 is just an example. For example, for MQTT v3.1.1, the field used to control the lifecycle of the session can be the CleanSession field; while for MQTT v5.0, it can be the Clean Start field and the Session Expiry Interval field.

[0074] The data structure of the connection information in the new request message is consistent with the data structure of the connection information in the original MQTT protocol connection message. Similarly, the data structure of the subscription information in the new request message is consistent with the data structure of the subscription information in the original MQTT protocol subscription message. In other words, generating a new request message does not require redesigning the data structures for the connection and subscription fields; the data structures of the connection field in the original connection message and the subscription field in the original subscription message can be reused.

[0075] This approach significantly enhances the compatibility of new messages with the existing MQTT protocol, eliminating the need for extensive modifications or customizations to the existing MQTT service; new request messages can be correctly parsed and processed. Furthermore, by adhering to the standard MQTT protocol format, the new request message format more easily adapts to changes when the MQTT protocol itself is updated or maintained, reducing future maintenance costs. Finally, it simplifies design and development complexity, allowing developers to directly utilize existing MQTT protocol specifications, reducing the time and resources required to redesign data structures.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first request message includes a custom QoS value that defines the quality of service level for message passing. The custom QoS value is different from the value specified by the existing MQTT protocol, and the custom QoS value is used to adjust network transmission parameters.

[0077] In the existing MQTT protocol communication process, when the network load is too heavy and the communication latency increases, the PING packet may be delayed when MQTT performs periodic heartbeat monitoring, even though the network connection has not actually been lost. At this time, the heartbeat mechanism will mistakenly judge that the network connection is lost and actively disconnect the MQTT connection. As a result, the terminal devices of satellite Internet need to re-establish the MQTT connection in order to continue to use it, thus affecting the performance and stability of MQTT-related services.

[0078] The QoS mechanism in the MQTT protocol is designed to ensure the reliability of message delivery in different network environments. It provides different levels of service quality through various message interaction mechanisms to meet users' needs for message reliability in various scenarios.

[0079] The existing MQTT protocol defines three QoS levels: QoS 0 (at most once), QoS 1 (at least once), and QoS 2 (guaranteed to receive once). Under each QoS level, the corresponding communication transmission parameters, such as the heartbeat detection duration, are fixed. This leads to the problem that the original QoS mechanism may misjudge a network disconnection and actively disconnect the MQTT connection, requiring satellite internet terminal devices to re-establish the MQTT connection.

[0080] Based on this, a custom QoS value is added to define the quality of service level for message delivery, in addition to the original three QoS values. The custom QoS value represents the transmission parameters that can be dynamically changed according to the network status of the satellite Internet and affect the communication quality, such as the heartbeat detection duration. The custom QoS value can be set to a value different from that specified by the existing MQTT protocol, for example, set to 3.

[0081] By setting custom QoS values, network transmission parameters can be adjusted according to actual conditions, thereby avoiding the problem of misjudging network disconnection due to excessive packet delay, reducing the risk of network connection being mistakenly closed due to brief packet loss, and providing sufficient time window for retransmission mechanism.

[0082] In some embodiments, the method further includes: adjusting network transmission parameters in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value.

[0083] Combination Figure 6 This document provides a schematic diagram of another improved communication process for the MQTT protocol in this embodiment. When the QoS value corresponding to the subscription topic carried in the first request message is a custom QoS value, it indicates that the network transmission parameters can be adjusted. In this case, the terminal device and the MQTT service can dynamically adjust the network transmission parameters according to the actual situation of the current network.

[0084] By extending the dynamically configurable QoS mechanism for satellite internet, which is characterized by unstable network quality and large variations in transmission latency, network transmission parameters can be dynamically optimized and adjusted according to the actual situation of the current network. This avoids the problem of misjudging network disconnection due to excessive packet delay, reduces the risk of network connection being mistakenly closed due to brief packet loss, and provides a sufficient time window for retransmission mechanism.

[0085] In some embodiments, adjusting network transmission parameters in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value includes: obtaining the current network quality status of the satellite internet in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value; and adjusting the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality status.

[0086] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, if the QoS value corresponding to the subscribed topic carried in the first request message is a custom QoS value, it indicates that the satellite network device has the ability to dynamically adjust network transmission parameters. In this case, the current network quality status can be further obtained. The network quality status can involve real-time monitoring of network performance, including but not limited to parameters such as latency and signal strength. The quality of the current network is judged based on these network parameters. For example, if the network latency exceeds a certain latency threshold and the signal strength is lower than a certain strength threshold, the current network is considered to be below a predetermined network quality level, i.e., in a weak network state; otherwise, the current network is considered to be in a normal state. Of course, those skilled in the art can flexibly set how to determine the network quality status according to actual needs, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0087] After determining the current network quality status, network transmission parameters can be adjusted according to the network quality to meet the data transmission requirements under different network conditions.

[0088] By introducing custom QoS values ​​and dynamically adjusting network transmission parameters in conjunction with the current network quality status of the satellite internet, network communication performance has been optimized and user experience has been improved.

[0089] In some embodiments, the network transmission parameters include a heartbeat time interval and / or a data retransmission time interval, and adjusting the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality state includes: in response to the current network quality state being lower than a predetermined network quality level, extending the heartbeat time interval and / or the data retransmission time interval.

[0090] Network transmission parameters include at least one of heartbeat interval and data retransmission interval. Heartbeat interval refers to the time interval at which network devices periodically send heartbeat signals to maintain connection activity. Data retransmission interval is the time the sender waits before retransmitting data when data is lost or not acknowledged.

[0091] When the current network quality is lower than the predetermined network quality level, situations such as excessive network load, poor network signal, or large latency may occur. However, the network is not actually disconnected at this time. These situations will increase the latency of communication messages. Therefore, the heartbeat detection time can be appropriately extended, that is, the time interval of heartbeat detection can be increased, to provide more time for data retransmission. This will prevent the heartbeat mechanism from mistakenly judging the network as disconnected due to message latency and actively disconnecting the MQTT connection, thereby avoiding the problem of satellite Internet terminal equipment needing to re-establish the MQTT connection.

[0092] For example, assuming the initial keepAlive setting is 60 seconds, meaning a heartbeat check is performed every 60 seconds, if the satellite internet's network quality falls below the predetermined level, leading to increased packet latency, there might be instances where no packets are received within 60 seconds. To prevent the heartbeat mechanism from mistakenly identifying a network disconnection, the heartbeat check interval can be extended to 120 seconds. This provides a more ample time window for packet retransmission. In other words, with increased communication latency, the probability of receiving packets within 120 seconds is significantly higher than within 60 seconds, thus reducing the risk of incorrectly closing the network connection due to excessive latency or brief packet loss.

[0093] By extending the QoS mechanism of the MQTT protocol, dynamic configurable changes to the keepAlive heartbeat interval and data retransmission mechanism are supported. In poor network environments, extending the heartbeat interval reduces network communication frequency and network load; it also reduces the potential risk of communication instability caused by misjudging MQTT connection drops due to poor network conditions, requiring automatic or manual reconnection.

[0094] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving a publish message sent by a second terminal device, the publish message carrying publish information based on the MQTT protocol; and in response to the publish message, if the publish information includes the subscription information, forwarding the publish message to the first terminal device.

[0095] Continue to refer to Figure 5 For terminal devices that communicate via satellite internet and MQTT services, in addition to sending request messages to the MQTT service to request the establishment of connections and subscription to topics, they can also publish topic information. To distinguish them from the "first terminal device" that initiated the first request message in the aforementioned embodiments, the terminal device that sends the publish message is referred to as the "second terminal device" here.

[0096] During satellite internet communication, a publish message is received from a second terminal device. This message carries the topic information published by the second terminal device, and its data structure is identical to that of the original MQTT protocol publish message. The topic information published by the second terminal device is compared with the subscription information of the first terminal device. If the topic information published by the second terminal device contains the subscription information of the first terminal device, the publish message from the second terminal device is forwarded to the first terminal device.

[0097] It supports the original publish message data structure, enhancing the compatibility of new messages with existing MQTT protocol messages. By matching the publish and subscribe information of different terminal devices, it ensures that messages are only received by those devices that are truly interested, thereby improving the accuracy of message delivery. Because it supports topic-based subscription and publish, it can flexibly handle messages from different devices and topics, making it possible to build complex IoT systems, etc.

[0098] It's important to note that the second terminal device also needs to establish a communication connection with the MQTT service. Therefore, the connection message and publication message initiated by the second terminal device can be merged into a new message containing both connection and publication information, thus reducing the number of communications during the publication phase. For a terminal device that has both information publication and subscription needs, the connection information, subscription information, and publication information can also be merged into a new message.

[0099] In some embodiments, the subscription information carried in the first request message is initial subscription information, and the method further includes: receiving a subscription message from a first terminal device, the subscription message carrying subscription change information based on the MQTT protocol; and responding to the subscription message by returning a second response message to the first terminal device, the second response message carrying subscription change confirmation information based on the MQTT protocol.

[0100] The subscription information in the first request message can be understood as the initial subscription information carried by the first terminal device when establishing a communication connection with the MQTT service. As the scenario and business requirements change, the subscription requirements of the first terminal device may also change. Therefore, while the first terminal device maintains a communication connection with the MQTT service, it is supported for the first terminal device to initiate a subscription message independently. The independently initiated subscription message only needs to carry the subscription information, and the subscription information carried in the independently initiated subscription message can overwrite the initial subscription information.

[0101] For example, if the initial subscription information in the first request message is topic1 and topic2, and the subscription information in the separately initiated subscription message is topic1, topic2 and topic3, which is equivalent to adding a new subscription to topic3, then the subscription information of the first terminal device is updated to topic1, topic2 and topic3.

[0102] In this application scenario, the new messages and communication processes do not affect the original messages and communication processes. That is, the original subscription messages and subscription processes will be retained, thereby expanding the adaptability of the MQTT service to new subscription requirements and meeting the subscription change requirements of terminal devices.

[0103] In some embodiments, the method further includes: after extending the heartbeat time interval, receiving a heartbeat detection message sent by the first terminal device, the heartbeat detection message being sent by the first terminal device based on the extended heartbeat detection duration; and responding to the heartbeat detection message by returning a third response message to the first terminal device, the third response message carrying heartbeat confirmation information.

[0104] Based on the extended heartbeat interval, heartbeat detection messages are received from the terminal device, which sends these messages periodically to maintain connection activity. Because the heartbeat interval has been extended, the frequency of heartbeat detection message transmission will be reduced accordingly.

[0105] Upon receiving a heartbeat detection message, it is verified to ensure its integrity and correctness. This typically includes checking the message's format, content, and signature. If the heartbeat detection message passes verification, a third response message is returned to the terminal device. The third response message carries heartbeat confirmation information, informing the terminal device that the heartbeat detection has been successfully received and acknowledged.

[0106] Regularly checking network connectivity and responding promptly helps improve communication stability. Heartbeat detection based on extended heartbeat intervals provides more time for data retransmission, preventing the heartbeat mechanism from misjudging network disconnection due to message delays and proactively disconnecting the MQTT connection. This avoids the need for satellite internet terminal devices to re-establish MQTT connections.

[0107] like Figure 7 The diagram shows a second flowchart of a satellite internet transmission method 700 in this embodiment of the present disclosure. The satellite internet transmission method 700 includes at least the following steps S710 to S720.

[0108] Step S710: Send a first request message to the satellite network device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information.

[0109] Step S720: Receive the first response message returned by the satellite network device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

[0110] Corresponding to the embodiments implemented by the aforementioned satellite network equipment, the terminal equipment can communicate and transmit with the satellite network equipment based on new message content and communication process. The specific implementation process can be referred to the description of the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] This disclosure merges the connection establishment and subscription processes during satellite internet transmission. By simplifying the overall communication process, it reduces the network communication frequency and TCP / IP transmission count in scenarios such as establishing new connections and MQTT reconnection after disconnection due to link instability. This reduces the risk of communication delay and data loss, minimizes the waste of satellite data traffic resources, alleviates the network burden of satellite internet, and improves the stability of satellite internet.

[0112] In some embodiments, the connection information includes at least one of the following: an identifier for identifying a session, one or more fields for controlling the lifecycle of a session, a username and password for authenticating a user, and a parameter for indicating a heartbeat time interval.

[0113] In some embodiments, the subscription information includes at least one of the following: a field indicating the subscription topic and a field indicating the quality of service level of the subscription topic.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first request message includes a custom QoS value that defines the quality of service level for message passing. The custom QoS value is different from the value specified by the existing MQTT protocol, and the custom QoS value is used to adjust network transmission parameters.

[0115] In some embodiments, the method further includes: adjusting network transmission parameters in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value.

[0116] In some embodiments, adjusting network transmission parameters in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value includes: obtaining the current network quality status of the satellite internet in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value; and adjusting the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality status.

[0117] In some embodiments, the network transmission parameters include a heartbeat time interval and / or a data retransmission time interval, and adjusting the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality state includes: in response to the current network quality state being lower than a predetermined network quality level, extending the heartbeat time interval and / or the data retransmission time interval.

[0118] The implementation of the embodiments executed by the terminal device described above can be referred to the description of the embodiments executed by the satellite network device, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] like Figure 8 As shown, a first structural schematic diagram of a satellite internet transmission device 800 in this embodiment of the present disclosure is provided. The satellite internet transmission device includes at least a first receiving unit 810 and a first response unit 820, wherein:

[0120] The first receiving unit 810 is used to receive a first request message from the first terminal device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information.

[0121] The first response unit 820 is used to respond to the first request message by sending a first response message to the first terminal device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

[0122] In some embodiments, the connection information includes at least one of the following: an identifier for identifying a session, one or more fields for controlling the lifecycle of a session, a username and password for authenticating a user, and a parameter for indicating a heartbeat time interval.

[0123] In some embodiments, the subscription information includes at least one of the following: a field indicating the subscription topic and a field indicating the quality of service level of the subscription topic.

[0124] In some embodiments, the first request message includes a custom QoS value that defines the quality of service level for message passing. The custom QoS value is different from the value specified by the existing MQTT protocol, and the custom QoS value is used to adjust network transmission parameters.

[0125] In some embodiments, the satellite internet transmission device further includes: a first adjustment unit, configured to adjust network transmission parameters in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first adjustment unit is specifically configured to: in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, obtain the current network quality status of the satellite internet; and adjust the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality status.

[0127] In some embodiments, the network transmission parameters include a heartbeat time interval and / or a data retransmission time interval, and the first adjustment unit is specifically configured to: in response to the current network quality state being lower than a predetermined network quality level, extend the heartbeat time interval and / or the data retransmission time interval.

[0128] The aforementioned satellite internet transmission device can realize all the steps of the satellite internet transmission method executed by the satellite network equipment in the foregoing embodiments. The relevant explanations of the satellite internet transmission method are applicable to the satellite internet transmission device and will not be repeated here.

[0129] like Figure 9 As shown, a second structural schematic diagram of a satellite internet transmission device 900 in an embodiment of this disclosure is provided. The satellite internet transmission device includes at least a first transmitting unit 910 and a second receiving unit 920, wherein:

[0130] The first sending unit 910 is used to send a first request message to the satellite network device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information.

[0131] The second receiving unit 920 is used to receive the first response message returned by the satellite network device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

[0132] In some embodiments, the connection information includes at least one of the following: an identifier for identifying a session, one or more fields for controlling the lifecycle of a session, a username and password for authenticating a user, and a parameter for indicating a heartbeat time interval.

[0133] In some embodiments, the subscription information includes at least one of the following: a field indicating the subscription topic and a field indicating the quality of service level of the subscription topic.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first request message includes a custom QoS value that defines the quality of service level for message passing. The custom QoS value is different from the value specified by the existing MQTT protocol, and the custom QoS value is used to adjust network transmission parameters.

[0135] In some embodiments, the satellite internet transmission device further includes: a second adjustment unit, configured to adjust network transmission parameters in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value.

[0136] In some embodiments, the second adjustment unit is specifically configured to: in response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, obtain the current network quality status of the satellite internet; and adjust the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality status.

[0137] In some embodiments, the network transmission parameters include a heartbeat time interval and / or a data retransmission time interval, and the second adjustment unit is specifically used to: extend the heartbeat time interval and / or data retransmission time interval in response to the current network quality state being lower than a predetermined network quality level.

[0138] The aforementioned satellite internet transmission device can implement all the steps of the satellite internet transmission method executed by the terminal device in the foregoing embodiments. The relevant explanations of the satellite internet transmission method are applicable to the satellite internet transmission device and will not be repeated here.

[0139] While specific functions have been discussed above with reference to specific units, it should be noted that the functions of the units discussed herein may be divided into multiple units, and / or at least some functions of multiple units may be combined into a single unit. The specific unit performing an action discussed herein includes the specific unit itself performing the action, or alternatively, the specific unit calling or otherwise accessing another component or unit that performs the action (or performs the action in conjunction with the specific unit). Therefore, a specific unit performing an action may include the specific unit performing the action itself and / or another unit that performs the action, called or otherwise accessed by the specific unit.

[0140] It should also be understood that this article can describe various technologies in the general context of software and hardware components or program units. The above regarding... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The described units can be implemented in hardware or in hardware in combination with software and / or firmware. For example, these units can be implemented as computer program code / instructions configured to execute in one or more processors and stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Alternatively, these units can be implemented as hardware logic / circuit.

[0141] This disclosure also provides a computer storage medium storing instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by at least one processor of a device, cause the device to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0142] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by at least one processor of a device, cause the device to perform the above-described satellite internet transmission method.

[0143] This disclosure also provides a chip system, including a circuit system configured to perform the above-described satellite internet transmission method.

[0144] This disclosure also provides an apparatus. Figure 10 A simplified block diagram of device 1000 in an embodiment of this disclosure is provided. For example, satellite network equipment and / or terminal equipment can be implemented by device 1000. Figure 10 As shown, device 1000 includes one or more processors 1010, one or more memories 1020 coupled to processor 1010, and one or more communication modules 1040 coupled to processor 1010.

[0145] The communication module 1040 is used for bidirectional communication. The communication module 1040 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface can represent any interface necessary for communication with other network elements.

[0146] Processor 1010 can be of any type suitable for a local technology network, and as a non-limiting example, can include one or more of the following: general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), and processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Device 1000 can have multiple processors, such as application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips, which are timely driven to a clock that synchronizes with the main processor.

[0147] Memory 1020 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 1024, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, optical disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), and other magnetic and / or optical storage. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 1022 and other volatile memories that do not persist during power-off periods.

[0148] Computer program 1030 includes computer-executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1010. Program 1030 may be stored in ROM 1024. Processor 1010 may perform any appropriate actions and processes by loading program 1030 into RAM 1022.

[0149] The embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented via program 1030, enabling device 1000 to execute the reference. Figure 4 or Figure 7 Any process disclosed herein. Embodiments of this disclosure may also be implemented in hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0150] In some embodiments, program 1030 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium, which may be contained in device 1000 (e.g., memory 1020) or other storage device accessible to device 1000. Device 1000 may load program 1030 from the computer-readable medium into RAM 1022 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any type of tangible non-volatile memory, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. Program 1030 is stored on the computer-readable medium.

[0151] Generally, the various embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while others may be implemented in firmware or software, which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure are shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or other graphical representations, it should be understood that, as non-limiting examples, the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuitry or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0152] This disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as instructions included in program modules, which execute in a device on a target real or virtual processor. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functionality of program modules can be combined or separated as needed among program modules. The machine-executable instructions for the program modules can execute within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, the program modules can reside in both local and remote storage media.

[0153] Program code used to perform the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, partially on a remote machine, partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server as a standalone software package.

[0154] In the context of this disclosure, computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc.

[0155] Computer-readable media can be computer-readable signal media or computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or apparatuses, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media include electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer floppy disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0156] Furthermore, although the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring that these operations be performed in the specific order or sequence shown, or that all of the operations shown be performed to obtain the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these details should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0157] Although this disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological behavior, it should be understood that this disclosure as defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or behaviors described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are disclosed as exemplary forms for implementing the claims.

[0158] It should be fully understood that the use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices generally considered to meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for protecting user privacy. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to the user.

Claims

1. A satellite internet transmission method, comprising: The system receives a first request message from a first terminal device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information. In response to the first request message, a first response message is sent to the first terminal device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The connection information includes at least one of the following: an identifier for identifying the session, one or more fields for controlling the lifecycle of the session, a username and password for authenticating the user, and a parameter for indicating the heartbeat time interval.

3. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The subscription information includes at least one of the following: a field indicating the subscription topic and a field indicating the quality of service level of the subscription topic.

4. The method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The first request message includes a custom QoS value that defines the quality of service level for message passing. The custom QoS value is different from the value specified in the existing MQTT protocol, and the custom QoS value is used to adjust network transmission parameters.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: In response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, network transmission parameters are adjusted.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, In response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, adjusting network transmission parameters includes: In response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, the current network quality status of the satellite internet is obtained; The network transmission parameters are adjusted based on the current network quality status.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The network transmission parameters include heartbeat time interval and / or data retransmission time interval, and adjusting the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality status includes: In response to the current network quality state being lower than a predetermined network quality level, the heartbeat time interval and / or data retransmission time interval are extended.

8. A satellite internet transmission method, comprising: Send a first request message to the satellite network device. The first request message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection message and an MQTT protocol subscription message, and carries connection information and subscription information. The system receives a first response message sent by the satellite network device. The first response message is composed of an MQTT protocol connection response message and an MQTT protocol subscription response message, and carries connection confirmation information and subscription confirmation information.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The connection information includes at least one of the following: an identifier for identifying the session, one or more fields for controlling the lifecycle of the session, a username and password for authenticating the user, and a parameter for indicating the heartbeat time interval.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein, The subscription information includes at least one of the following: a field indicating the subscription topic and a field indicating the quality of service level of the subscription topic.

11. The method as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein, The first request message includes a custom QoS value that defines the quality of service level for message passing. The custom QoS value is different from the value specified in the existing MQTT protocol, and the custom QoS value is used to adjust network transmission parameters.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: In response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, network transmission parameters are adjusted.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, In response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, adjusting network transmission parameters includes: In response to the first request message including the custom QoS value, the current network quality status of the satellite internet is obtained; The network transmission parameters are adjusted based on the current network quality status.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The network transmission parameters include heartbeat time interval and / or data retransmission time interval, and adjusting the network transmission parameters based on the current network quality status includes: In response to the current network quality state being lower than a predetermined network quality level, the heartbeat time interval and / or data retransmission time interval are extended.

15. A satellite network device, comprising: One or more processors; as well as One or more memories coupled to the one or more processors and storing instructions thereon, which, when executed individually or jointly by the one or more processors, cause the satellite network device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

16. A terminal device, comprising: One or more processors; as well as One or more memories coupled to the one or more processors and storing instructions thereon, which, when executed individually or jointly by the one or more processors, cause the terminal device to perform the method of any one of claims 8-14.

17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions, which, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a machine, cause the machine to perform the method of any one of claims 1-14.

18. A computer program product comprising machine-executable instructions, which, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a machine, cause the machine to perform the method of any one of claims 1-14.

19. A chip system comprising a circuit system configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1-14.

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