Signal transmission system, method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a signal transmission system, method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, relates to the technical field of communication, and includes a master device and a slave device. The master device and the slave device are connected through a signal aggregation link. In a frame adaptive state, the master device determines a plurality of target signal types supporting transmission and a number of paths corresponding to each target signal type in the plurality of target signal types based on current transmission requirements, generates a frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. In the frame adaptive state, the slave device determines the format of a target frame transmitted in an operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device, and jumps to the operation state. In the frame adaptive state, the master device receives the frame adaptive response frame and then jumps to the operation state. The master device and the slave device perform signal transmission according to the format of the target frame in the respective operation states. The technical effect of improving the flexibility of the communication link is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to signal transmission systems, methods, apparatus, electronic devices and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of data center hardware management, the Low Voltage Differential Signaling Protocol & Interface (LTPI) in the Data Center-ready Secure Control Module (DC-SCM) specification serves as a highly efficient multi-channel signal transmission solution. It enables the transmission of various signals, such as General-Purpose Input / Output (GPIO), Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C), and Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART), through a single link. However, the LTPI link establishment and operation process involves three stages: link training, link configuration, and link operation. Once in the link operation state, both communicating parties transmit data according to a pre-defined, fixed frame format. The types and number of signals carried are fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the dynamic needs of the actual application scenario, resulting in poor flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a signal transmission system, method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium to at least solve the problem in the related art that, under link operation conditions, the signal type and number carried by the transmitted frame are fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the dynamic needs of the actual application scenario, resulting in poor flexibility.

[0004] This application provides a signal transmission system, including a master device and a slave device, wherein the master device and the slave device are connected via a signal aggregation link; After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the master device enters a frame adaptive state; in the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type; based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device to jump to the operation state. The master device is also used to receive the frame adaptive response frame in the frame adaptive state, and then switch to the operation state. The master device and slave device are also used to transmit signals in accordance with the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

[0005] This application also provides a signal transmission method, applied to any of the above-mentioned signal transmission systems, comprising: After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the master device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device, then jumps to the operation state. When the master device is in frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive response frame and then jumps to the operation state. The master device and the slave device transmit signals according to the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

[0006] This application also provides a signal transmission device, including: The first sending module is used to control the master device to enter the frame adaptive state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link. In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. The second sending module is used to control the slave device to enter the frame adaptive state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link. In the frame adaptive state, the slave device receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device to jump to the operation state. The determination module is used to control the master device to receive the frame adaptive response frame in the frame adaptive state, and then jump to the operation state; The signal transmission module is used to control the master device and the slave device to transmit signals in accordance with the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

[0007] This application also provides an electronic device, including: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for implementing the steps of any of the above-described signal transmission methods when executing the computer program.

[0008] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described signal transmission methods.

[0009] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described signal transmission methods.

[0010] Through this application, since the master device and slave device are connected via a signal aggregation link; after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the master device enters a frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters a frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device, and jumps to the operation state. In the frame adaptive state, the master device receives the frame adaptive response frame and then jumps to the operation state. The master device and slave device transmit signals according to the format of the target frame in their respective operation states. By adding a frame-adaptive state to the signal aggregation link establishment and operation phases, both communicating parties enter the frame-adaptive state before entering the operation phase. In this state, the master device dynamically configures the format of the target frame (operation frame) to be transmitted in the operation phase based on current transmission requirements, generates a frame-adaptive handshake frame, and sends it to the slave device. The slave device, in the frame-adaptive state, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation phase based on the handshake frame and sends a frame-adaptive response frame to the master device. After setting the target frame format, both communicating parties enter the operation phase and transmit signals of various signal types according to the target frame format. Since the operation frame format can be set and a handshake performed each time the link restarts, and then the operation frame is transmitted according to the set format, this solves the technical problem in related technologies where the signal types and number of transmitted frames in the operation phase are fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the dynamic needs of the actual application scenario, resulting in poor flexibility. This improves the flexibility of the communication link. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state machine of an LTPI link in related technologies; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal transmission system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the frame adaptive frame format provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the format of the target frame provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the format of the link detection frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state machine of an LTPI link provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic flowchart illustrating a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0014] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] In the field of data center hardware management, the LTPI protocol in the DC-SCM specification serves as a highly efficient multi-signal transmission scheme, enabling the transmission of GPIO, I2C, and UART signals through a single link. The DC-SCM specification is the first modular, universal specification for data center security management units proposed by the Open Compute Project (OCP) Hardware Management Module project team. The LTPI protocol converts multiple GPIO, I2C, and UART signals into LTPI frames, which are then transmitted using a single LTPI link. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state machine of an LTPI link in related technologies, such as... Figure 1As shown, the LTPI link includes eight states. The initial state is the Link Detect Frame Alignment state. It progresses through the Link Detect state, Link Speed ​​state, Advertise Frame Alignment state, Advertise state, Configuration / Accept state, and finally reaches the Operational state. It's important to note that when a master and slave device are connected via the LTPI link, the master device enters the Configuration state after the Advertise state, and the slave device enters the Accept state after the Advertise state. The frame format and function differ in each state. In the Operational state, the frame packaging and transmission of multiple GPIO, I2C, and UART signals are completed. The establishment and operation of an LTPI link can be divided into three phases: link training, link configuration, and link operation. The link training phase is the initial state of the link initialization. The link configuration phase is used to configure LTPI functions, switch LTPI functions, enable the selected LTPI operation configuration, and switch to operational mode. The link operation phase is the state for most of the LTPI link's lifecycle. LTPI links are typically used in Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chips or Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chips for communication between master and slave devices. The implementation logic of LTPI links is basically fixed. After link training and configuration, LTPI links in related technologies enter the operational state. In the operational state, the communicating parties communicate according to a pre-set, fixed frame format. The signal types and number of channels carried are fixed; that is, the communicating parties need to negotiate the frame format in advance and arrange the GPIO, UART, and I2C fields according to a predetermined format. This makes it impossible to adjust according to the dynamic needs of actual application scenarios, resulting in poor flexibility and transmission efficiency.

[0017] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a signal transmission system, method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium. The signal transmission system includes a master device and a slave device connected via a signal aggregation link. The master device, after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, enters a frame adaptation state. In this frame adaptation state, based on current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that support transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates... The system provides a frame-adaptive handshake frame, which is sent to the slave device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters a frame-adaptive state. In this state, it receives the frame-adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the handshake frame, and sends a frame-adaptive response frame to the master device, then transitions to the operation state. The master device also receives the frame-adaptive response frame in the frame-adaptive state and then transitions to the operation state. Both the master and slave devices transmit signals according to the format of the target frame in their respective operation states. The system provided by the above scheme adds a frame-adaptive state to the signal aggregation link establishment and operation states, allowing both communicating parties to enter the frame-adaptive state before entering the operation state. In the frame-adaptive state, the master device dynamically configures the format of the target frame (operation frame) to be transmitted in the operation state based on current transmission requirements, generates a frame-adaptive handshake frame, and sends it to the slave device. In the frame-adaptive state, the slave device determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the handshake frame and sends a frame-adaptive response frame to the master device, thereby completing the adaptive handshake of the operation frame format. After setting the target frame format, both communicating parties enter the operation state and transmit signals of various signal types (such as GPIO, UART, and I2C) according to the target frame format. Since the operation frame format can be set and handshake performed each time the link restarts, and then the operation frame is transmitted according to the set format, this solves the technical problem in related technologies where the signal types and number of transmitted frames are fixed during link operation, making it impossible to adjust according to the dynamic needs of actual application scenarios and resulting in poor flexibility. This achieves the technical effect of improving the flexibility and transmission effectiveness of the communication link.

[0018] Embodiments of this application provide a signal transmission system. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission system provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the signal transmission system includes a master device and a slave device, which are connected via a signal aggregation link. The signal aggregation link is an LTPI link.

[0019] The master device is used to enter a frame adaptive state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link; in the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type; based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device.

[0020] Among them, the master device completes the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, that is, the master device successfully passes the jump between the link detection frame alignment state, link detection state, link speed state, broadcast frame alignment state, broadcast state, and configuration state.

[0021] The number of channels corresponding to each target signal type among multiple target signal types is the number of target signals corresponding to each target signal type among multiple target signal types.

[0022] The current transmission requirement can be to transmit one or more of the following signals: low-latency GPIO (LL gpio) signals, normal-latency GPIO (NL gpio) signals, UART signals, and I2C signals.

[0023] Understandably, the master device determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operating state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame.

[0024] The master device sends an adaptive handshake frame to the slave device at the target frequency determined by the link speed status.

[0025] After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device to switch to the operation state.

[0026] The process involves the slave device completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, i.e., successfully navigating through the transitions between link detection frame alignment state, link detection state, link speed state, broadcast frame alignment state, broadcast state, and receive state. The slave device then sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device based on the target frequency determined by the link speed state.

[0027] The master device is also used to receive the frame adaptive response frame in the frame adaptive state, and then switch to the operation state.

[0028] The master device and slave device are also used to transmit signals in accordance with the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

[0029] Understandably, when in operation, the master device continuously sends I / O frames to the slave device at the target frequency and according to the target frame format to achieve signal transmission. Similarly, when in operation, the slave device continuously sends I / O frames to the master device at the target frequency and according to the target frame format to achieve signal transmission.

[0030] The master device can be a system controller module (SCM). The slave device can be a host processing module (HPM).

[0031] The signal transmission system provided in this application adds a frame adaptive state to the signal aggregation link establishment and operation states. This allows both communicating parties to enter the frame adaptive state before entering the operation state. In the frame adaptive state, the master device dynamically configures the format of the target frame (operation frame) to be transmitted in the operation state based on current transmission requirements, generates a frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends it to the slave device. In the frame adaptive state, the slave device determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device, thus completing the adaptive handshake of the operation frame format. After setting the target frame format, both communicating parties enter the operation state and transmit signals of various signal types (such as GPIO, UART, and I2C) according to the target frame format. Since the operation frame format can be set and handshake performed according to requirements each time the link restarts, and then the operation frame is transmitted according to the set operation frame format, this solves the technical problem in related technologies where the signal type and number of transmitted frames are fixed in the link operation state, making it impossible to adjust according to the dynamic requirements of the actual application scenario, resulting in poor flexibility. This achieves the technical effect of improving the flexibility and transmission effectiveness of the communication link.

[0032] In some alternative implementations, the master device is specifically used for: In the frame adaptation state, a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers is obtained. For example, 4'b0000 corresponds to NL gpio, 4'b0001 corresponds to LL gpio, 4'b0010 corresponds to UART, and 4'b0011 corresponds to I2C. That is, the signal type identifier corresponding to NL gpio is 4'b0000; the signal type identifier corresponding to LL gpio is 4'b0001; the signal type identifier corresponding to UART is 4'b0010; and the signal type identifier corresponding to I2C is 4'b0011.

[0033] Based on the multiple target signal types, the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, and a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers, the frame adaptive handshake frame is generated.

[0034] In frame adaptive mode, the communicating parties, namely the master device and the slave device, achieve adaptive setting and handshake of the target frame by transmitting frame adaptive frames. Frame adaptive frames include frame adaptive handshake frames and frame adaptive response frames. The master device sends a frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device, and the slave device sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device. A frame adaptive frame is 16 bytes long and includes a header identification field, a transmission control field, and a format definition field. The header identification field indicates the frame start and frame type. The transmission control field indicates multiple target signal types that are supported for transmission. The format definition field includes multiple definition units, each corresponding to a transmission domain in the target frame. The value of each definition unit indicates the signal type carried by its corresponding transmission domain. The value of each definition unit is set based on the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type and a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers.

[0035] The header identifier field consists of two bytes: the first byte and the second byte of a frame-adaptive frame. The first byte is a comma, indicating the start of the frame, i.e., the initial position of the frame. The second byte is the encoded frame header, indicating the frame type, specifically a frame-adaptive frame. The transmission control field consists of one byte: the third byte of a frame-adaptive frame. The lower 4 bits of this third byte indicate whether the frame format to be handed over carries signal types such as LL GPIO, NL GPIO, UART, or I2C, i.e., it indicates the multiple target signal types supported for transmission. The higher 4 bits of this third byte indicate whether the frame is a handshake frame or an acknowledgment frame. The format definition field comprises 12 bytes, specifically bytes 4 through 15 of the frame-adaptive frame. It's important to note that bytes 4 through 15 of the frame-adaptive frame correspond one-to-one with bytes 4 through 15 of the target frame. Since each GPIO channel occupies 1 bit and each I2C / UART channel occupies 4 bits in the target frame, the maximum value of 4 bits is used. In the GPIO, I2C, and UART transmission domains, every 4 bits form a group, corresponding to the same position in the target frame. Different signal type identifiers represent the signal type transmitted in that transmission domain. In other words, each definition unit includes 4 bits, indicating the signal type carried by its corresponding transmission domain; in the target frame, each transmission domain is used to actually transmit one corresponding type of signal data. The frame-adaptive frame also includes a checksum field, which comprises one byte, specifically the sixteenth byte of the frame-adaptive frame. This byte represents the checksum of the frame-adaptive frame, expressed using a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code. This checksum is generated based on the first fifteen bytes of the frame-adaptive frame. For example, the format of the frame-adaptive frame is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the format of the target frame is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0036] It is understood that the format of the frame adaptive handshake frame and the frame adaptive response frame is the same as that of the frame adaptive frame. That is, the frame adaptive handshake frame includes a header identification field, a transmission control field, and a format definition field. The header identification field is used to indicate the frame start and frame type. The transmission control field is used to indicate multiple target signal types that are supported for transmission. The format definition field includes multiple definition units, each of which corresponds to a transmission domain in the target frame. The value of each definition unit is used to indicate the signal type carried by its corresponding transmission domain. The value of each definition unit is set based on the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type and a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers. The frame-adaptive acknowledgment frame includes a header identification field, a transmission control field, and a format definition field. The header identification field indicates the frame start and frame type. The transmission control field indicates multiple target signal types supported for transmission. The format definition field includes multiple definition units, each corresponding to a transmission domain in the target frame. The value of each definition unit indicates the signal type carried by its corresponding transmission domain. The value of each definition unit is set based on the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type and a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers. The high 4 bits of the third byte of the frame-adaptive handshake frame identify it as a handshake frame. The high 4 bits of the third byte of the frame-adaptive acknowledgment frame identify it as an acknowledgment frame.

[0037] Since the master and slave devices have completed the handshake of transmission capability (i.e. target frequency) in the configuration / receive state, the frame adaptive handshake frame is set based on the transmission capability settings of the handshake. After receiving the frame adaptive handshake frame, the slave device sends a frame adaptive response frame. At this point, both ends have completed the adaptive setting of the target frame format and the handshake, and then jump to the operation state.

[0038] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment realizes flexible, dynamic, and programmable configuration of the target frame format, thereby solving the problem that the traditional fixed frame format cannot adapt to the needs of different application scenarios, and significantly improving the flexibility of the signal aggregation link and the effective utilization of transmission bandwidth.

[0039] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to enter a link detection frame alignment state after the signal aggregation link is started; in the link detection frame alignment state, continuously send link detection frames to the slave device; and upon receiving at least a first number of verified link detection frames sent by the slave device, switch to the link detection state.

[0040] The first quantity is set by the technician and can be 3. Passing the verification means that the CRC checksum in the link detection frame passes the verification. For example, the format of the link detection frame can be as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Link detection capability includes speed capability values.

[0041] When the master device is in link detection frame alignment state, it continuously sends link detection frames to the slave device at the base frequency to establish link DC balance and indicate the supported operating frequency.

[0042] The slave device is further configured to enter a link detection frame alignment state after the signal aggregation link is started; in the link detection frame alignment state, continuously send link detection frames to the master device; and upon receiving at least a first number of verified link detection frames sent by the master device, switch to the link detection state.

[0043] In this process, the slave device continuously sends link detection frames to the master device at the base frequency while in the link detection frame alignment state, in order to establish link DC balance and indicate the supported operating frequency.

[0044] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment ensures that the two communicating parties can establish a reliable and synchronous physical layer connection in the initial stage of the link, laying a solid foundation for subsequent advanced link training steps such as rate negotiation, capability exchange and configuration.

[0045] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to continuously send link detection frames to the slave device in the link detection state, and to switch to the link speed state after sending at least a second number of link detection frames to the slave device.

[0046] The slave device is also configured to continuously send link detection frames to the master device in the link detection state, and to switch to the link speed state after sending at least a second number of link detection frames to the master device.

[0047] The link detection state is the main part of link detection, where frames are used to interpret the operational speed capability of the other side. In this state, the master and slave devices are using transmit (TX) and receive (RX) counters. Due to the time difference between the SCM and HPM at the start of the detected frame, the TX / RX counters of the SCM and HPM are expected to be misaligned. Therefore, the condition for transitioning to the next state is set as follows: Send at least 255 link detection frames on the TX link or receive at least 7 consecutive frames with correct CRC checksums on the RX link.

[0048] In other words, the second quantity can be 255.

[0049] The signal transmission system provided in this application ensures that both communicating parties stably complete the initial capability discovery through sufficient bidirectional link detection frame exchange, laying a reliable foundation for subsequent accurate link speed negotiation.

[0050] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to continuously send link detection frames to the slave device in the link detection state, and upon receiving at least a third number of consecutive and verified link detection frames sent by the slave device, switch to the link speed state.

[0051] The slave device is also configured to continuously send link detection frames to the master device in the link detection state, and upon receiving at least a third number of consecutive and verified link detection frames sent by the master device, switch to the link speed state.

[0052] As can be seen from the above description, the third quantity can be 7.

[0053] The signal transmission system provided in this application ensures that both communicating parties stably complete the initial capability discovery through sufficient bidirectional link detection frame exchange, laying a reliable foundation for subsequent accurate link speed negotiation.

[0054] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to, in a link speed state, send a first link speed frame to the slave device, the first link speed frame including the master device's link detection capability; receive a second link speed frame sent by the slave device, the second link speed frame including the slave device's link detection capability; determine a target frequency based on the first link speed frame and the second link speed frame; and after sending at least a third number of first link speed frames to the slave device and receiving at least a first number of second link speed frames sent by the slave device, jump to a broadcast frame alignment state.

[0055] The slave device is further configured to, in the link speed state, send the second link speed frame to the master device; receive the first link speed frame sent by the master device; determine the target frequency based on the first link speed frame and the second link speed frame; and after sending at least a third number of second link speed frames to the master device and receiving at least a first number of first link speed frames sent by the master device, jump to the broadcast frame alignment state.

[0056] In the link speed state, both communicating parties begin sending link speed frames defined by the protocol, and the frames are transmitted in both directions. The SCM should obtain the highest common target frequency based on the received link detection capability and its own capabilities. The conditions for transitioning to the next state are: as the sender: send at least 7 link speed frames on the TX link; as the receiver: receive at least 3 link speed frames.

[0057] The signal transmission system provided in this application ensures that the two communicating parties have reached an agreement on the final and highest common operating frequency and achieved stable synchronization before entering a higher frequency operating mode through structured frame exchange and quantity conditions.

[0058] In some alternative implementations, the master device is specifically used for: Under link speed conditions, the link detection capabilities of the master device and the slave device are determined based on the first link speed frame and the second link speed frame.

[0059] Perform an AND operation on the link detection capabilities of the master device and the slave device to determine the maximum link detection capability jointly supported by the master device and the slave device.

[0060] The target frequency is determined based on the maximum link detection capability.

[0061] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment ensures that the two communicating parties can negotiate the highest performance operating frequency supported by the physical link through clear and automated negotiation logic, thereby maximizing the transmission bandwidth of the link while ensuring compatibility.

[0062] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to continuously send broadcast frames to the slave device at a target frequency in a broadcast frame aligned state, and to switch to a broadcast state upon receiving at least a first number of verified broadcast frames sent by the slave device.

[0063] The slave device is further configured to continuously send broadcast frames to the master device at a target frequency in the broadcast frame aligned state, and to switch to the broadcast state upon receiving at least a first number of verified broadcast frames sent by the master device.

[0064] The broadcast frame alignment state is the first state a link enters when switching from a base frequency to a target frequency. In this state, both communicating parties begin sending broadcast frames as defined in the protocol. Frames are transmitted in both directions. After switching to the target frequency, the receiver serializer / deserializer (RX SERDES) needs to readjust to the beginning of the frame, similar to the link detection phase. In the broadcast frame alignment state, the SERDES logic attempts to lock onto the beginning of the frame by recognizing commas and processes the frame to verify its CRC. At least three frames with correct CRCs must be received to advance to the next state.

[0065] The signal transmission system provided in this application, after switching to a new and higher operating frequency, forces both communicating parties to re-establish a stable and reliable physical layer frame synchronization, thereby ensuring that subsequent complex protocol interactions can be carried out on a high-quality channel.

[0066] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to continuously send broadcast frames of a first duration to the slave device at a target frequency in a broadcast state, and then switch to a configuration state.

[0067] The slave device is also configured to continuously send broadcast frames of a first duration to the master device at a target frequency in broadcast mode, and then switch to receiving mode.

[0068] The broadcast state is the main part of the broadcast, and frames in this state are used to interpret the other party's LTPI transmission capabilities. Both communicating parties should continuously send broadcast frames for at least 1 ms to stabilize the link at the target frequency. Subsequently, the two parties enter different states, namely the Configuration state and the Accept state, respectively.

[0069] Understandably, the first duration could be 1 millisecond.

[0070] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment, after the link stabilizes at the target frequency, enables the two communicating parties to fully exchange and lock detailed capability parameters through a mandatory and continuous broadcast frame exchange, thereby establishing an accurate and reliable protocol foundation for the final link configuration and operation.

[0071] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to send a configuration frame to the slave device in a configuration state, and after receiving an acceptance frame returned by the slave device, switch to the frame adaptation state.

[0072] The slave device is further configured to receive a configuration frame sent by the master device in the accept state, send an accept frame to the master device, and then switch to the frame adaptive state.

[0073] The configuration state means that the required LTPI link configuration has been requested, that is, the two parties have shaken hands for the transmission capabilities; after the local end sends a Configuration frame and correctly receives the other party's Accept frame, it jumps to the FrameAdaptive state.

[0074] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment, through a clear "request-confirmation" handshake process, performs final confirmation and locking of the link's transmission capabilities and parameters before entering the final operation state, ensuring that both communicating parties reach a solid and error-free protocol consensus on the link's working mode.

[0075] In some alternative implementations, the slave device is specifically used for: Obtain the first checksum from the frame adaptive handshake frame.

[0076] A second verification value is generated based on the adaptive handshake frame of the frame.

[0077] If the first check value and the second check value are the same, the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state is determined based on the frame adaptive handshake frame.

[0078] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment ensures the data integrity of the received frame during transmission through independent cyclic redundancy check verification in the critical stage of the adaptive handshake frame. This guarantees the absolute correctness of the subsequently determined operation frame format and provides a security barrier for the stable and reliable operation of the link.

[0079] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to resend the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device if it does not receive a frame adaptive response frame from the slave device within a second time period after sending the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device; and to issue an alarm if the number of times the frame adaptive handshake frame is resent to the slave device exceeds a preset number threshold and the master device still does not receive a frame adaptive response frame from the slave device.

[0080] The duration and preset number of times thresholds are set by technical personnel and are not specifically limited here.

[0081] The signal transmission system provided in this application embodiment adds proactive fault tolerance, recovery, and fault monitoring capabilities to the frame adaptive handshake process, thereby significantly improving the robustness of the link establishment process and the maintainability of the system.

[0082] In some optional implementations, the master device and the slave device are further configured to continuously verify the received target frames in the operation state; if the number of target frames that fail verification is greater than a preset threshold, the operation state is interrupted and the signal aggregation link is restarted.

[0083] The preset quantity threshold is set by technical personnel and no specific limit is set here.

[0084] The signal transmission system provided in this application establishes an active online health monitoring and self-healing mechanism for the steady-state operation of the link, thereby automatically performing the most thorough recovery action when continuous quality degradation occurs, so as to ensure the long-term reliability of data transmission and the high availability of the system as a whole.

[0085] In some optional implementations, the master device is further configured to, in the operation state, resend any target frame to the slave device if the target frame is not successfully sent to the slave device; and issue an alarm if the number of times the target frame is resent to the slave device exceeds a preset threshold and the target frame is still not successfully sent to the slave device.

[0086] The signal transmission system provided in this application provides reliable data packet-level transmission guarantee and accurate fault location for the link under stable operation, thereby ensuring the integrity of business data transmission and enhancing the observability and maintainability of the system.

[0087] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state machine of the LTPI link provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the LTPI link includes nine states. The initial state is the link detection frame alignment state, in which both communicating parties transmit defined link detection frames in both directions at the base frequency. Both parties transition to the link detection state after finding the start of a link detection frame and receiving three correctly CRC-compliant link detection frames. In the link detection state, both parties continuously send link detection frames to each other. After sending at least 255 link detection frames or receiving at least 7, they transition to the link speed state. In the link speed state, both parties begin sending protocol-defined link speed frames, which are transmitted in both directions. The master and slave devices should obtain the highest common target frequency based on the received link detection capabilities and their own link detection capabilities. After sending at least 7 link speed frames as the sender and receiving at least 3 as the receiver, they transition to the broadcast frame alignment state. In the broadcast frame alignment state, both parties begin sending protocol-defined broadcast frames. After finding the start of a broadcast frame and receiving three correctly CRC-compliant broadcast frames, they transition to the broadcast state. In broadcast mode, both communicating parties should continuously send broadcast frames for at least 1 ms. Afterward, the master device transitions to configuration mode, and the slave device transitions to receive mode. In configuration mode, the master device sends a configuration frame and, upon correctly receiving the slave device's receive frame, transitions to frame adaptation mode. In receive mode, the slave device receives the configuration frame and returns a receive frame to the master device before transitioning to frame adaptation mode. In frame adaptation mode, both communicating parties transmit frame adaptation frames, completing the adaptive setting of the target frame format and handshaking, before transitioning to operation mode. For details, refer to the actions performed by the master and slave devices in frame adaptation mode; these will not be repeated here. In operation mode, both communicating parties continuously send I / O frames to each other, with the frame format being the same as the format obtained during the handshake in frame adaptation mode.

[0088] In broadcast mode, if a link loss error occurs between the communicating parties, the system will switch to link detection frame alignment mode. Link loss errors include exceeding the threshold for CRC check errors or receiving unexpected frames, such as link detection frames.

[0089] In operation mode, if either communicating party receives a soft reset command, they will switch to broadcast mode.

[0090] In operation, if either party receives a physical layer reset command, a link retraining request, or a link loss error, the system will switch to the link detection frame alignment state.

[0091] The embodiments of this application provide a signal transmission method, applicable to the signal transmission system provided in any of the above embodiments. Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the signal transmission method includes the following steps: Step S701: After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the master device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines the multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device.

[0092] In step S702, after the slave device completes the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, it enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends the frame adaptive response frame to the master device, and jumps to the operation state.

[0093] In step S703, the master device receives the frame adaptive response frame in frame adaptive state, and then jumps to the operation state.

[0094] In step S704, the master device and the slave device transmit signals according to the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

[0095] For a description of the features in the embodiment corresponding to the signal transmission method, please refer to the relevant description of the embodiment corresponding to the signal transmission system, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] The signal transmission method provided in this application adds a Frame Adaptive state to the LTPI state machine in related technologies, sets the entry and exit conditions for this state, and designs a Frame Adaptive frame format for configuring and handshaking the transmission signal type and signal arrangement format between the communicating parties. This allows for real-time adjustment of the frame format according to current application requirements. After both parties complete the format handshake, they reach the Operational state and transmit according to the agreed-upon internal frame arrangement format. This achieves adaptive configuration and handshaking of the frame format, flexibly setting the transmitted signal type and quantity, and improving the applicability and transmission effectiveness of the link. It solves the problem in related technologies where, after entering the Operational state, LTPI links communicate according to a fixed Operational frame format with fixed logic, carrying a fixed signal type and number of channels. This cannot be changed in real-time according to application requirements, and there may be situations where the transmission type or the number of signal channels (GPIO / I2C / UART, etc.) does not meet the requirements, leading to transmission failure or transmission of redundant information, resulting in poor link flexibility and effectiveness.

[0097] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0098] Embodiments of this application also provide a signal transmission device, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the signal transmission device includes: The first sending module 801 is used to control the master device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, it enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines the multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device.

[0099] The second transmitting module 802 is used to control the slave device to enter the frame adaptive state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends the frame adaptive response frame to the master device to jump to the operation state.

[0100] The determination module 803 is used to control the master device to receive the frame adaptive response frame in the frame adaptive state, and then jump to the operation state.

[0101] The signal transmission module 804 is used to control the master device and slave device to transmit signals in accordance with the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

[0102] For a description of the features in the embodiment corresponding to the signal transmission device, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment corresponding to the signal transmission method, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] Embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, such as... Figure 9 As shown, it includes a processor 901 and a memory 902, in which a computer program is stored. The processor 901 is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above-described signal transmission method embodiments.

[0104] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above-described signal transmission method embodiments when it is run.

[0105] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0106] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above-described signal transmission method embodiments.

[0107] Embodiments of this application also provide another computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above-described signal transmission method embodiments.

[0108] Any of the components, modules, units, parts, methods, and operations described herein can be implemented using software, firmware, hardware (e.g., fixed logic circuitry), manual processing, or any combination thereof. Alternatively or additionally, any functionality described herein can be executed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components, such as, but not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific standard product (ASSP), a system-on-a-chip (SoC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a microprocessor (MCU), etc. The terms "system," "computing device," or "apparatus" as used herein encompass various means, devices, and machines for processing data, including, for example, one or more programmable processors, computers, SoCs, or combinations thereof. The apparatus may also include code that creates an execution environment for the computer program in question, such as code constituting processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, a cross-platform runtime environment, a virtual machine, or one or more combinations thereof. The aforementioned computer program (also known as a program, software, software application, app, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, declarative or procedural languages, and can be deployed in any form, including as a standalone program or as a module, component, subroutine, object, or other unit suitable for a computing environment.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0110] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a signal transmission system, method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only intended to aid in understanding the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission system, characterized in that, It includes a master device and a slave device, which are connected via a signal aggregation link; The master device is used to enter the frame adaptive state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link; in the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines the multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of channels corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, a frame adaptive handshake frame is generated and sent to the slave device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device to jump to the operation state. The master device is also used to receive the frame adaptive response frame in the frame adaptive state, and then switch to the operation state. The master device and slave device are also used to transmit signals in accordance with the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main device is specifically used for: In the frame adaptive state, a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers is obtained; Based on the multiple target signal types, the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, and a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers, the frame adaptive handshake frame is generated.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame adaptive handshake frame includes a header identification field, a transmission control field, and a format definition field. The header identification field indicates the frame start and frame type. The transmission control field indicates multiple target signal types that are supported for transmission. The format definition field includes multiple definition units, each of which corresponds to a transmission domain in the target frame. The value of each definition unit indicates the signal type carried by its corresponding transmission domain. The value of each definition unit is set based on the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type and a preset correspondence table between signal types and signal type identifiers.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to enter the link detection frame alignment state after the signal aggregation link is started; in the link detection frame alignment state, continuously send link detection frames to the slave device; and when it receives at least a first number of verified link detection frames sent by the slave device, it jumps to the link detection state. The slave device is also configured to enter the link detection frame alignment state after the signal aggregation link is started; In the link detection frame alignment state, link detection frames are continuously sent to the master device. Upon receiving at least a first number of verified link detection frames sent by the master device, the system jumps to the link detection state.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to continuously send link detection frames to the slave device in the link detection state, and switch to the link speed state after sending at least a second number of link detection frames to the slave device. The slave device is also configured to continuously send link detection frames to the master device in the link detection state, and to switch to the link speed state after sending at least a second number of link detection frames to the master device.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to continuously send link detection frames to the slave device in the link detection state, and upon receiving at least a third number of consecutive and verified link detection frames sent by the slave device, switch to the link speed state. The slave device is also configured to continuously send link detection frames to the master device in the link detection state, and upon receiving at least a third number of consecutive and verified link detection frames sent by the master device, switch to the link speed state.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to send a first link speed frame to the slave device in the link speed state, wherein the first link speed frame includes the link detection capability of the master device; Receive a second link speed frame sent by the slave device, the second link speed frame including the link detection capability of the slave device; determine the target frequency based on the first link speed frame and the second link speed frame; After sending at least a third number of first link speed frames to the slave device and receiving at least a first number of second link speed frames sent by the slave device, the process jumps to the broadcast frame alignment state. The slave device is further configured to send the second link speed frame to the master device when the link speed is in a certain state; Receive the first link speed frame sent by the master device; The target frequency is determined based on the first link speed frame and the second link speed frame; After sending at least a third number of second link speed frames to the master device and receiving at least a first number of first link speed frames sent by the master device, the system jumps to the broadcast frame alignment state.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main device is specifically used for: Under link speed conditions, the link detection capability of the master device and the link detection capability of the slave device are determined based on the first link speed frame and the second link speed frame. Perform an AND operation on the link detection capabilities of the master device and the slave device to determine the maximum link detection capability jointly supported by the master device and the slave device; The target frequency is determined based on the maximum link detection capability.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to continuously send broadcast frames to the slave device at a target frequency in the broadcast frame alignment state, and to switch to the broadcast state upon receiving at least a first number of broadcast frames that have passed verification from the slave device. The slave device is further configured to continuously send broadcast frames to the master device at a target frequency in the broadcast frame aligned state, and to switch to the broadcast state upon receiving at least a first number of verified broadcast frames sent by the master device.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to continuously send a broadcast frame of a first duration to the slave device at a target frequency in broadcast mode, and then switch to configuration mode; The slave device is also configured to continuously send broadcast frames of a first duration to the master device at a target frequency in broadcast mode, and then switch to receiving mode.

11. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to send a configuration frame to the slave device in the configuration state, and after receiving the acceptance frame returned by the slave device, switch to the frame adaptive state. The slave device is further configured to receive a configuration frame sent by the master device in the accept state, send an accept frame to the master device, and then switch to the frame adaptive state.

12. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slave device is specifically used for: Obtain the first checksum from the adaptive handshake frame; Based on the adaptive handshake frame, a second verification value is generated; If the first check value and the second check value are the same, the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state is determined based on the frame adaptive handshake frame.

13. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to resend the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device if it does not receive the frame adaptive response frame sent by the slave device within a second time period after sending the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. If the number of times the frame adaptive handshake frame is resent to the slave device exceeds a preset threshold, and the frame adaptive response frame sent by the slave device is still not received, an alarm is triggered.

14. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device and the slave device are also used to continuously verify the received target frames in the operation state; if the number of target frames that fail verification is greater than a preset threshold, the operation state is interrupted and the signal aggregation link is restarted.

15. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master device is also configured to, in operation, resend any target frame to the slave device if the target frame is not successfully sent to the slave device; and issue an alarm if the number of times the target frame is resent to the slave device exceeds a preset threshold and the target frame is still not successfully sent to the slave device.

16. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to the signal transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising: After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the master device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, it determines multiple target signal types that can be supported for transmission and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type. Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of paths corresponding to each target signal type, it generates a frame adaptive handshake frame and sends the frame adaptive handshake frame to the slave device. After completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link, the slave device enters the frame adaptive state. In the frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device, then jumps to the operation state. When the master device is in frame adaptive state, it receives the frame adaptive response frame and then jumps to the operation state. The master device and the slave device transmit signals according to the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

17. A signal transmission device, characterized in that, include: The first transmitting module is used to control the master device to enter the frame adaptation state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link; In the frame adaptive state, based on the current transmission requirements, multiple target signal types that support transmission and the number of channels corresponding to each target signal type are determined; Based on the multiple target signal types and the number of channels corresponding to each target signal type, a frame adaptive handshake frame is generated and sent to the slave device. The second sending module is used to control the slave device to enter the frame adaptive state after completing the training and configuration of the signal aggregation link. In the frame adaptive state, the slave device receives the frame adaptive handshake frame, determines the format of the target frame to be transmitted in the operation state based on the frame adaptive handshake frame, and sends a frame adaptive response frame to the master device to jump to the operation state. The determination module is used to control the master device to receive the frame adaptive response frame in the frame adaptive state, and then jump to the operation state; The signal transmission module is used to control the master device and the slave device to transmit signals in accordance with the format of the target frame in their respective operating states.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the steps of the signal transmission method as described in claim 16 when executing the computer program.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the signal transmission method as described in claim 16.

20. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the signal transmission method as described in claim 16.

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