Performance measurement method of positioning model and communication device

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning model performance measurement method and a communication device, relates to the field of communication, and can be applied to a scenario of performing performance measurement on a positioning model. The positioning model performance measurement method comprises the following steps: sending speed estimation indication information and position estimation indication information to a first device, wherein the speed estimation indication information is used for instructing the first device to report speed estimation information, the position estimation indication information is used for instructing the first device to report position estimation information, and the first device is a non-position reference unit device. Receiving speed estimation information and position estimation information from the first device. Filtering the position estimation information according to the speed estimation information to obtain a first true value label, and the first true value label is used for performance measurement of the positioning model. The method can improve the accuracy of performance measurement of the positioning model based on the true value label of the non-position reference unit device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a method for measuring the performance of a positioning model and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] A positioning model (such as an artificial intelligence (AI) positioning model or a machine learning (ML) positioning model) can be deployed on the terminal device. This positioning model locates the position coordinates of the terminal device based on the positioning reference signal (PRS) from the access network device and historical position estimation results.

[0003] To test the positioning accuracy of a positioning model, the terminal device needs to use ground truth labels (i.e., position coordinates considered as truth) as a reference. Performance metrics of the positioning model are performed by comparing the position coordinates output by the positioning model with the ground truth labels. However, ground truth labels typically come from fixed-positioning reference units (PRUs). Due to cost and other factors, deploying a large number of PRUs in real-world scenarios is impractical. For movable non-positioning reference units (non-PRUs), the position coordinates may change, resulting in limited accuracy of the provided ground truth labels. This makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of performance metrics performed based on these ground truth labels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and communication device for measuring the performance of a localization model, which improves the accuracy of performance measurement of a localization model based on truth tags from non-PRU devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] Firstly, a performance measurement method for a localization model is provided. This method can be executed by a network device, or by a component configured in the network device (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system), or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device. This application does not limit this approach. The following description uses a network device as an example.

[0007] The method includes: sending velocity estimation indication information and position estimation indication information to a first device, wherein the velocity estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report velocity estimation information and the position estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report position estimation information, and the first device is a non-PRU device; receiving velocity estimation information and position estimation information from the first device; filtering the position estimation information according to the velocity estimation information to obtain a first truth label, wherein the first truth label is used as a performance metric for the localization model.

[0008] The performance measurement method for the positioning model provided in this application addresses the issue that the position of the first device (non-PRU device) is not fixed. The faster the first device moves (i.e., the larger the speed estimate), the more likely its position estimate will deviate from the true position. If this position estimate is used as a true value label to perform performance measurement on the positioning model, the accuracy will be low. Conversely, the slower the first device moves (i.e., the smaller the speed estimate), the less likely its position estimate will deviate from the true position. If this position estimate is used as a true value label to perform performance measurement on the positioning model, the accuracy will be higher. Therefore, after obtaining speed and position estimation information from the non-PRU device (first device), the network device filters the position estimation information based on the speed estimation information. Position estimation information from the first device with excessively high speed is excluded, while the position estimation information from the first device with lower speed is retained and used as a true value label to perform performance measurement on the positioning model. This improves the accuracy of performance measurement of the positioning model based on the true value label of the non-PRU device, further enhancing the user experience.

[0009] Secondly, a performance measurement method for a positioning model is provided. This method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component configured in the terminal device (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system), or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the terminal device's functions. This application does not limit this approach. The following description uses a terminal device as an example.

[0010] The method includes: receiving speed estimation indication information and location estimation indication information from a network device, wherein the speed estimation indication information is used to instruct a first device to report speed estimation information and the location estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report location estimation information; measuring multiple location coordinates of the device itself, and performing speed estimation based on the multiple location coordinates to obtain speed estimation information, and performing location estimation to obtain location estimation information; sending the speed estimation information and location estimation information to the network device, wherein the speed estimation information is used to filter the location estimation information to obtain a first truth label, and the first truth label is used as a performance metric for the localization model.

[0011] The second aspect is the implementation on the terminal device side, which corresponds to the first aspect. The explanations, supplements, and descriptions of the beneficial effects of the first aspect also apply to the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0012] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, comprising a processing module and a communication module. The communication module is used to send velocity estimation indication information and position estimation indication information to a first device, wherein the velocity estimation indication information instructs the first device to report velocity estimation information and the position estimation indication information instructs the first device to report position estimation information, and the first device is a non-position reference unit device; and to receive velocity estimation information and position estimation information from the first device; the processing module is used to filter the position estimation information according to the velocity estimation information to obtain a first truth label, which is used as a performance metric for the positioning model.

[0013] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, comprising a processing module and a communication module. The communication module receives velocity estimation indication information and position estimation indication information from a network device. The velocity estimation indication information instructs a first device to report velocity estimation information, and the position estimation indication information instructs the first device to report position estimation information. The processing module measures multiple position coordinates of itself and performs velocity estimation based on these coordinates to obtain velocity estimation information, and performs position estimation to obtain position estimation information. The communication module sends the velocity estimation information and position estimation information to the network device. The velocity estimation information is used to filter the position estimation information to obtain a first truth label, which is used as a performance metric for the localization model.

[0014] The third and fourth aspects are the implementations on the device side corresponding to the first and second aspects. The explanations, supplements, and descriptions of the beneficial effects of the first and second aspects also apply to the third and fourth aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0015] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0016] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0017] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a network device. When the communication device is a chip configured in a network device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0019] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0020] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a terminal device. When the communication device is a chip configured in a terminal device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0021] In a seventh aspect, a processor is provided, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute a method in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0022] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0023] Eighthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a memory. The processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals via a receiver, and transmit signals via a transmitter to execute the method in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0024] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0025] Ninthly, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions), which, when the computer program is run, causes a computer to perform a method in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0026] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0027] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide a chip system including one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, causing the methods in any of the above aspects or possible implementations to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0028] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0029] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, including the aforementioned terminal device and network device. Optionally, the communication system may further include other devices that communicate with the terminal device and / or network device.

[0030] The technical effects of aspects five through twelfth refer to the technical effects of aspects one, two and any of their embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a wireless communication system.

[0032] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a performance measurement method for a positioning model provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another performance measurement method for a positioning model provided in this application embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating another performance measurement method for a positioning model provided in this application embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the distance traveled in this measurement relative to the previous measurement, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] First, some concepts involved in this application will be described.

[0040] The terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only used to distinguish features of the same type and should not be construed as indicating relative importance, quantity, order, etc.

[0041] The terms "exemplary" or "for example" used in the embodiments of this application are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0042] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, sidelink communication systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, new radio access technology (NR), future communication systems, and 5G Advanced communication systems. Among these, 5G mobile communication systems can include non-standalone (NSA) and / or standalone (SA) networking. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit the scope of these applications. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as in other systems and radio technologies.

[0043] Figure 1This diagram illustrates the architecture of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a first device 100, a second device 200, an access network device 300, and a network device 400.

[0044] The first device 100 measures its own multiple position coordinates to obtain motion information (including velocity estimation information and position estimation information) and sends the motion information to the network device 400. The first device 100 can be a PRU device or a non-PRU device. In this embodiment, the first device 100 is a non-PRU device.

[0045] A positioning model is deployed on the second device 200. The second device 200 inputs the PRS (Positioning Representation System) from the access network device 300 into the positioning model to obtain its location coordinates. Additionally, the second device 200 performs performance measurement on the positioning model based on auxiliary data (including truth labels, i.e., location coordinates considered as truth) from the positioning model of the network device 400, thus obtaining an index of the positioning model's positioning performance. Performance measurement can also be referred to as performance estimation, performance evaluation, performance monitoring, etc., and is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the location coordinates output by the positioning model are compared with the truth labels to obtain a performance measurement result, which is then sent to the network device 400. The parameters of the positioning model can also be adjusted based on the performance measurement result to improve its performance.

[0046] The first device 100 and the second device 200 can be user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), or terminal equipment. For example, they can be mobile phones, tablet personal computers, laptop computers, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld computers, netbooks, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), mobile internet devices (MIDs), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, robots, wearable devices, vehicle user equipment (VUE), pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home devices (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, game consoles, etc. It should be noted that the specific types of the first device 100 and the second device 200 are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0047] In this embodiment, the device used to implement the functions of the first device 100 and the second device 200 can be a terminal device or a device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the function, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This device can be installed in the terminal device or connected to and used with the terminal device. In this embodiment, the embodiment is described using the terminal device as an example.

[0048] Access network equipment 300 is sometimes also called an access node. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals, such as sending PRS to the second device 200. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in open RAN (ORAN) systems, satellites in NTN communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. Access network equipment can be a macro base station, micro base station, or indoor station, a relay node or donor node, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, access network equipment can also be a roadside unit (RSU) in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology. Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Access network devices can communicate directly with terminals or via relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple access network devices using different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the access network devices. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses a gNB in ​​a 5G mobile communication system as an example, but does not limit the specific type of access network device.

[0049] In this application embodiment, the apparatus for implementing the function of the access network device can be the access network device itself, or it can be any apparatus capable of supporting the access network device in implementing that function, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This apparatus can be installed in the access network device or connected to and used with the access network device. In this application embodiment, the embodiment is described using the example of an access network device as the apparatus for implementing the function of the access network device.

[0050] Access network equipment and / or terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the application scenarios of the access network equipment and terminal equipment. They can be deployed in the same or different scenarios; for example, both can be deployed on land simultaneously; or the access network equipment can be deployed on land while the terminal equipment is deployed on water, etc., and so on.

[0051] In practical applications, multiple access network devices can collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with each device performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, access network devices can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0052] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, and RU can implement different protocol layer functions.

[0053] Network device 400 is used to receive motion information (including velocity estimation information and position estimation information) from first device 100, obtain a ground truth label based on the motion information, send auxiliary data (including ground truth label) of the positioning model to second device 200, and receive performance measurement results of the positioning model from second device 200. Network device 400 is also used to receive PRS measurement data from first device 100, estimate the position coordinates of first device 100 based on a geometric positioning model, compare the estimated position coordinates of first device 100 with the ground truth label, and obtain the measurement parameter uncertainty, confidence ellipse, or error radius of first device 100 to obtain the position estimation error of second device 200 near first device 100.

[0054] In this embodiment, the network device 400 can be a location management function (LMF) network element. The LMF network element is the core network element responsible for positioning services, mainly used to determine the location coordinates of the UE. It collects and processes positioning-related data by cooperating with multiple devices (such as access network devices, AMF network elements, etc.), and supports multiple positioning methods, such as global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA), to meet the positioning needs of different application scenarios.

[0055] In this application embodiment, the apparatus for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself, or it can be any apparatus capable of supporting the network device in implementing that function, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This apparatus can be installed in the network device or connected to and used with the network device. In this application embodiment, the embodiment is described using the example of a network device as the apparatus for implementing the function of the network device.

[0056] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terminology used in this application will be briefly explained first. Optionally, the explanation of some terms may also refer to the explanations in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard protocol.

[0057] TS37.355 is a technical specification released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). This specification defines the protocols and procedures used for positioning in LTE (4G) and NR (5G) networks, mainly including the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP).

[0058] Positioning reference units (PRUs) and non-positioning reference units (non-PRUs): In positioning systems, a PRU is a reference device used to assist in positioning. It is typically fixed at a known location and provides positioning reference signals to other devices, helping the network or other devices calculate their position. It can be applied to 4G networks, 5G networks, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to provide high-precision positioning services. Non-PRUs are not fixed in position and do not directly participate in the positioning task, but they can provide support or auxiliary functions to the positioning system.

[0059] Terrestrial beacon system (TBS): TBS is a ground-based infrastructure used for assisted positioning and navigation. It transmits positioning signals by deploying ground beacons. The positioning signals include the location information of the ground beacons. Terminal devices (such as smartphones and in-vehicle navigation systems) receive positioning signals from multiple ground beacons and measure the time of arrival (TOA) or time difference of arrival (TDOA) of multiple positioning signals. Based on the location information of the ground beacons and the measurement results of the positioning signals, the terminal devices calculate their own position using triangulation or polygonal positioning algorithms.

[0060] Location models include artificial intelligence (AI) location models and machine learning (ML) location models. These models utilize artificial intelligence technologies (such as machine learning and deep learning) to achieve target location and can determine the position coordinates of a second device in space.

[0061] The performance metrics for localization models include at least one of the following:

[0062] Accuracy: The proportion of samples that the model correctly predicts out of the total sample.

[0063] Precision: The proportion of samples that the model predicts to be positive and that are actually positive.

[0064] Recall: The proportion of samples that are actually positive that the model correctly predicts as positive.

[0065] F1 Score: The harmonic mean of precision and recall, used to balance precision and recall.

[0066] True positive rate (TPR): Similar to recall, it is the proportion of samples that the model correctly predicts as positive out of actual positive samples.

[0067] False positive rate (FPR): The proportion of samples that are actually negative but are incorrectly predicted as positive by the model.

[0068] The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) (AUC) is used to evaluate the overall performance of the model.

[0069] Ground-truth labels: In deep learning models, ground-truth labels refer to the correct answer or true state of each sample in the dataset. When training a deep learning model, ground-truth labels are used as reference points to calculate the accuracy of the model's predictions and adjust model parameters, aiming to make the model's predictions as close as possible to these ground-truth labels. By comparing the model's predictions with the ground-truth labels, a loss function (such as cross-entropy) is calculated to help optimize the model parameters. Incorrect labels can lead to model learning bias, severely impacting the model's training accuracy.

[0070] When a positioning model is deployed on a second device, to test its positioning accuracy, the second device needs to use ground truth labels (i.e., position coordinates considered as truth) as a reference. It performs performance metrics by comparing the position coordinates output by the positioning model with the ground truth labels. However, ground truth labels typically come from fixed-location PRU devices. Due to cost and other factors, deploying a large number of PRU devices in real-world scenarios is impractical. For mobile non-PRU devices, the position coordinates may change, and the provided ground truth labels may not be accurate, leading to inaccurate performance metrics for positioning models based on these labels.

[0071] In view of this, this application provides a performance measurement method for a positioning model. A network device obtains velocity estimation information and position estimation information from a non-PRU device (first device), and filters the position estimation information based on the velocity estimation information. Specifically, position estimation information from the first device with a large velocity estimation (i.e., excessively fast movement speed) is excluded. This is because such position estimation information from the first device is more likely to deviate from the true position, and its accuracy would be low if used as a true label. Position estimation information from the first device with a smaller velocity estimation is sent to the second device as a true label. This is because such position estimation information from the first device is less likely to deviate from the true position, and its accuracy is higher if used as a true label, thus improving the accuracy of the performance measurement of the positioning model.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the performance measurement methods of this positioning model include: S101-S104.

[0073] S101. The network device sends speed estimation indication information and location estimation indication information to the first device. The speed estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report speed estimation information, and the location estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report location estimation information.

[0074] Accordingly, the first device receives speed estimation indication information and location estimation indication information. The network device can be an LMF network element, and the first device can be a non-PRU device.

[0075] Both the speed estimation indication information and the position estimation indication information are Boolean values. A true (or 1) speed estimation indication information indicates that the first device is instructed to report its speed estimation information; a false (or 0) speed estimation indication information indicates that the first device does not need to report its speed estimation information. Similarly, a true (or 1) position estimation indication information indicates that the first device is instructed to report its position estimation information; a false (or 0) position estimation indication information indicates that the first device does not need to report its position estimation information. In this embodiment, both the speed estimation indication information and the position estimation indication information are exemplified as true, meaning the speed estimation indication information instructs the first device to report its speed estimation information, and the position estimation indication information instructs the first device to report its position estimation information.

[0076] Optionally, the network device may also send a measurement configuration to the first device. Accordingly, the first device receives the measurement configuration. The measurement configuration is used by the first device to measure the position coordinates of the first device to obtain motion information of the first device (including velocity estimation information and position estimation information). The measurement configuration includes at least one of the following: measurement window, number of measurement intervals N, and velocity change threshold.

[0077] The measurement window indicates the total duration for which the first device measures the position coordinates. A larger measurement window results in a longer total measurement time and higher measurement accuracy. A smaller measurement window results in a shorter total measurement time and lower power consumption. For example, the measurement window is of integer data type (INTEGER), its value ranges from 0 to 1000, and its unit is milliseconds. For instance, a measurement window value of 1000 indicates that the first device measured the position coordinates for 1000 milliseconds.

[0078] The measurement interval number N indicates the number of time intervals within which the first device measures position coordinates within the measurement window. The first device measures its current position coordinates at each measurement moment, with equal intervals between adjacent measurements. In other words, the time between two adjacent measurements is the time interval. The number of time intervals can also be understood as the number of groups that can be formed by grouping adjacent measurements. A larger measurement interval number results in denser position coordinate measurements within the measurement window and higher measurement accuracy. A smaller measurement interval number results in sparser position coordinate measurements within the measurement window and lower power consumption. The measurement interval number is an enumeration (ENUMERATE) and its values ​​range from 8, 16, to 32. For example, a measurement interval number of 16 indicates that the first device has 17 measurement moments and 16 measurement intervals within the measurement window. The speed change threshold is used by the first device to assess whether its motion state is stable. The speed change threshold is also an enumeration and its values ​​range from 5, 10, to 15. The function of the speed change threshold is described in detail in S102 and will not be repeated here.

[0079] Optionally, the network device can also send motion stability indication information to the first device. Accordingly, the first device receives the motion stability indication information. The motion stability indication information is used to indicate whether the first device should report motion stability information, and it indicates whether the motion state of the first device is stable. The data type of the motion stability indication information is a Boolean value. A Boolean value of true (or 1) indicates that the first device is instructed to report motion stability information; a Boolean value of false (or 0) indicates that the first device does not need to report motion stability information.

[0080] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the naming of information, the data type of information, or the range of values ​​of information.

[0081] S102. The first device measures its own multiple position coordinates, and performs speed estimation based on the multiple position coordinates to obtain speed estimation information, and performs position estimation to obtain position estimation information.

[0082] The first device needs to perform N+1 consecutive equally spaced measurements within the measurement window, measuring the current position coordinates at each measurement moment, for example, [x i ,y i [] represents the position coordinates obtained from the i-th measurement, 0 ≤ i ≤ N. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the first device can also obtain the distance d (in meters) of movement relative to the previous measurement based on the position coordinates of each measurement and the position coordinates of the previous measurement, with a total of N movement distances. For example, when 1≤i≤N, This represents the distance traveled in the i-th measurement relative to the (i-1)-th measurement. The time interval between two adjacent measurements is equal to the measurement window duration divided by N. For example, if the measurement window duration is 1024 milliseconds, then the time interval between two adjacent measurements of the first device is 1024 / 16 = 64 milliseconds.

[0083] The first device execution speed estimation can include two methods:

[0084] Method 1: The first device is based on the movement distance d between the last two measurements. N The obtained recent velocity v N (As shown in Formula 1 below), this is reported as speed estimation information. Where d N T is the distance moved between the last two measurements. MW This is for measuring the duration of the window.

[0085]

[0086] Method 2: The first device divides the sum of the moving distances of multiple measurements (or N+1 measurements) within the measurement window by the duration T of the measurement window. MW The average speed obtained (Formula 2 below) is used as speed estimation information and reported.

[0087]

[0088] The first device's position estimation can also include two methods:

[0089] Method 1: The first device will use the position coordinates [x] obtained from the last measurement. N ,y N (as shown in Formula 3 below) is reported as location estimation information [x,y].

[0090] [x,y]=[x N ,y N ] Formula 3

[0091] Method 2: The first device will report the centroid coordinates (as shown in Formula 4 below) obtained from multiple (or N+1) position coordinates obtained from multiple measurements (or N+1 measurements) as position estimation information [x, y].

[0092]

[0093] It should be noted that any velocity estimation method can be implemented in conjunction with any position estimation method. However, if velocity estimation method 1 and position estimation method 1 are implemented together, the real-time performance of the data is better because both select the most recent data from the first device for reporting. If velocity estimation method 2 and position estimation method 2 are implemented together, the data error is lower because both select the average data within the measurement window for reporting. These two combined implementation methods unify the calculation methods of velocity estimation information and position estimation information.

[0094] For example, the speed estimation information is data typed as an integer (INTEGER), with a value range of 0-2047, and the unit is kilometers per hour (km / h). For instance, a speed estimation value of 1000 indicates that the speed of the first device is 1000 km / h. Location estimation information includes latitude and longitude.

[0095] Optionally, the first device can also perform motion stability estimation: the first device will estimate the most recent motion velocity v. N The average speed of N+1 measurements within the measurement window The difference is compared with a velocity change threshold to estimate whether the motion state is stable, thus obtaining motion stability information. For example, the data type of motion stability information is an enumeration (ENUMERATE), and the value of motion stability information is false (0) or true (1). If... The motion state of the first device is unstable, and the motion stability information reported in S103 is set to false (0). If The motion state of the first device is stable, and the motion stability information reported in S103 is set to true (1).

[0096] S103, The first device sends speed estimation information and location estimation information to the network device.

[0097] Accordingly, network devices receive speed estimation information and location estimation information.

[0098] Optionally, the first device sends motion stability information of the first device to the network device. Accordingly, the network device receives the motion stability information.

[0099] If the speed estimation indication information is true (or 1), the first device sends speed estimation information to the network device; if the speed estimation indication information is false (or 0), the first device does not send speed estimation information to the network device.

[0100] If the location estimation indication is true (or 1), the first device sends the location estimation information to the network device; if the location estimation indication is false (or 0), the first device does not send the location estimation information to the network device.

[0101] If the motion stability indication is true (or 1), the first device sends motion stability information to the network device; if the motion stability indication is false (or 0), the first device does not send motion stability information to the network device. By instructing the first device to report motion stability information, the network device can further filter the true value labels of the first device with stable motion states and provide them to the second device, thereby improving the efficiency of the second device in performing performance measurements of the localization model.

[0102] S104. The network device filters the location estimation information based on the speed estimation information to obtain the first truth label, which is used to measure the performance of the positioning model.

[0103] The network device filters the location estimation information of the first device based on its speed estimation information to obtain the first ground truth label. The network device excludes location estimation information where the speed estimation information is greater than a speed threshold, and uses the location estimation information where the speed estimation information is less than or equal to the speed threshold as the first ground truth label. The speed threshold represents the maximum tolerable movement speed of the first device during the measurement process. This avoids excessive deviation between the acquisition location and the true location of the first device's ground truth label, improving the accuracy of the ground truth label.

[0104] The performance measurement method for the positioning model provided in this application addresses the issue that the position of the first device (non-PRU device) is not fixed. The faster the first device moves (i.e., the larger the speed estimate), the more easily its position estimate deviates from the true position. If this position estimate is used as a true value label to perform performance measurement on the positioning model, the accuracy will be low. Conversely, the slower the first device moves (i.e., the smaller the speed estimate), the less easily its position estimate deviates from the true position. If this position estimate is used as a true value label to perform performance measurement on the positioning model, the accuracy will be higher. Therefore, after the network device obtains speed and position estimation information from the non-PRU device (first device), it filters the position estimation information based on the speed estimation information. Position estimation information from the first device with excessively high speed is excluded, while the position estimation information from the first device with lower speed is retained and used as a true value label to perform performance measurement on the positioning model. This improves the accuracy of performance measurement of the positioning model based on the true value label of the non-PRU device.

[0105] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the performance measurement methods of this positioning model also include: S105-S109.

[0106] S105, the second device sends the physical cell index and the first device type to the network device. The physical cell index and the first device type are used to filter location estimation information.

[0107] When the second device needs to perform performance measurements on the positioning model, or in other words, when there is a requirement for positioning model performance measurement, the second device sends the physical cell index and the first device type to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the physical cell index and the first device type.

[0108] The physical cell index refers to the physical cell index of the serving cell of the second device. For example, the data type of the physical cell index is integer (INTEGER), and the value range of the physical cell index is 0 to 530.

[0109] The first device type is used to indicate whether the device type providing the truth label includes PRU devices, and whether it includes non-PRU devices.

[0110] The data type for the first device type is a two-bit string. Bit 0 indicates whether the device type providing the truth label includes PRU devices, and bit 1 indicates whether the device type providing the truth label includes non-PRU devices. A value of 0 for bit 0 indicates that the device type providing the truth label does not include PRU devices, and a value of 0 for bit 0 indicates that the device type providing the truth label includes PRU devices. Similarly, a value of 0 for bit 1 indicates that the device type providing the truth label does not include non-PRU devices, and a value of 1 for bit 1 indicates that the device type providing the truth label includes non-PRU devices. The advantages, disadvantages, and applicable scenarios for these first device types are as follows:

[0111] For the second device requesting the PRU device to provide a truth label: the PRU device has high accuracy in location coordinates and can provide precise channel characteristics, making it suitable for high-precision positioning scenarios. However, the deployment cost of PRU devices is high, requiring dense deployment, which leads to an exponential increase in hardware and maintenance costs. In addition, PRU devices have poor dynamic adaptability and are not suitable for mobile terminal scenarios or scenarios with sudden environmental changes (such as the temporary addition of obstacles).

[0112] For second devices requesting ground truth labels from non-PRU devices: Non-PRU devices have low deployment costs, as they can directly utilize existing second devices on the network without additional hardware investment. Non-PRU devices also have wide coverage, as a large number of second devices are already deployed in the network, covering the entire network. However, the data quality of non-PRU devices is unstable, with high measurement noise and missing supervisory signals, relying on weakly supervised / semi-supervised learning, which prolongs the convergence period of the localization model.

[0113] The second device requests truth labels from both the PRU and non-PRU devices: this can balance factors such as positioning accuracy, coverage, and deployment costs. In addition, the PRU device can serve as an anchor point, while the non-PRU device enhances coverage.

[0114] In summary, the second device can select a PRU device and / or a non-PRU device as the first device based on factors such as positioning accuracy, coverage, and deployment cost.

[0115] S106. The network device sends a first truth label and a validity period to the second device. The validity period is used to indicate the validity period of the first truth label. The validity period is obtained from the speed estimation information.

[0116] 1. The network device filters the location estimation information based on the physical cell index, the first device type, and the speed estimation information of the first device to obtain the first truth label and adds it to the global label group (GlobalLabelList).

[0117] The network device filters the motion information of the first device corresponding to the physical cell index, thereby filtering the location estimation information of the first device. In other words, the network device filters the location estimation information of the first device based on the physical cell index. The location information of the first device in a non-serving cell is irrelevant to the location of the second device, so the network device does not need to send it to the second device, reducing the amount of data transmitted.

[0118] The network device filters the motion information of the first device corresponding to the first device type, thereby filtering the location estimation information of the first device. In other words, the network device filters the location estimation information of the first device based on the first device type requested by the second device.

[0119] The network device further filters the location estimation information of the first device based on its speed estimation information. The network device excludes location estimation information where the speed estimation information is greater than a speed threshold, and uses location estimation information where the speed estimation information is less than or equal to the speed threshold as the first true value label, adding it to the global label list. The speed threshold represents the maximum tolerable movement speed of the first device during the measurement process. This avoids excessive deviation between the collected location and the true value location of the first device's true value label, improving the accuracy of the true value label.

[0120] Network devices do not need to send all the truth labels of the first devices to the second device for two reasons. First, the data volume of location estimation information for all first devices would be too large. Truth labels of first devices located in non-serving cells are not helpful for the second device's positioning and are redundant data. Second, the second device can select PRU devices and / or non-PRU devices as the first device based on factors such as positioning accuracy, coverage, and deployment cost. The network device only needs to send the truth labels of the first devices requested by the second device, thus reducing the amount of data transmitted. Second, some first devices move too fast, resulting in low accuracy of truth labels. Filtering out the truth labels of these first devices improves the accuracy of truth labels, thereby improving the accuracy of performance metrics.

[0121] 2. The network device obtains the validity period (ValidityTime) of the first truth label based on the speed estimation information of the first device.

[0122] The validity period of the first truth label is the validity period of the filtered location estimation information. The unit of validity period is seconds. Since non-PRU devices are not fixed, the larger the velocity estimation information of a non-PRU device, the greater the possibility of deviating from the truth position, and the shorter the validity period; conversely, the smaller the velocity estimation information of a non-PRU device, the less likely it is to deviate from the truth position, and the longer the validity period. The second device needs to complete the truth position measurement within the validity period to ensure consistency with the measurement conditions of the first device, avoid measurement timeouts leading to large errors in the measurement results, and improve the accuracy of the positioning model's performance metrics. After the validity period expires, the second device needs to reacquire the first truth label. For PRU devices, since the PRU device's position remains unchanged, it is not necessary to determine the validity period.

[0123] For example, if the speed estimation information of the first device belongs to the speed range [0, 512), the effective duration is 128, indicating that the validity period of the first truth value label is 128 seconds. If the speed estimation information of the first device belongs to the speed range [512, 1024), the effective duration is 96, indicating that the validity period of the first truth value label is 96 seconds. If the speed estimation information of the first device belongs to the speed range [1024, 1535), the effective duration is 64, indicating that the effective duration of the first truth value label is 64 seconds. If the speed estimation information of the first device belongs to the speed range [1536, 2048), the effective duration is 32, indicating that the effective duration of the first truth value label is 32 seconds. As can be seen, the product of the upper limit of the speed range and the corresponding effective duration is a fixed value. For example, the upper limit of the speed range [0, 512) is 512, the effective duration of the tag is 128, and 512*128=65536; the upper limit of the speed range [512, 1024) is 1024, the effective duration of the tag is 96, and 1024*96=65536.

[0124] The network device can also choose whether to add the corresponding first truth label to the preferred label group (PreferLabelList) based on the motion stability information of the first device.

[0125] The preferred label group includes a second truth label, which indicates the truth label (also the filtered location estimation information) of the first device with stable motion. The network device adds the first truth label of the first device with stable motion from the global label group to the preferred label group. The network device locally stores the preferred label group and establishes a correspondence between the preferred label group and the serving cell where the preferred label group is located. Optionally, the network device sends the second truth label to the second device. By further filtering the truth labels of the first device with stable motion based on the motion stability information of the first device, the network device provides them to the second device, improving the efficiency of the second device's performance measurement.

[0126] S107. The second device performs performance measurement on the positioning model based on the auxiliary data of the positioning model.

[0127] The second device can estimate whether the performance measurement of the localization model can be completed within the effective duration based on the data volume and effective duration of the global tag group (or the first truth tag). The second device inputs the data volume and effective duration of the global tag group into the localization model, and the localization model can then estimate whether it can complete the performance measurement of the localization model within the effective duration based on the global tag group.

[0128] Based on the estimation results and the performance measurement requirements of the positioning model, the second device selects to perform the performance measurement of the positioning model based on the global label group or the preferred label group (or the second truth label).

[0129] If the data volume of the global tag group is large, or the effective duration is short, and it is estimated that the second device cannot complete the performance measurement of the positioning model based on the global tag group within the effective duration, then the second device performs the performance measurement of the positioning model based on the preferred tag group to reduce the probability of performance measurement failure without affecting the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0130] If the global tag group has a small data volume, or a long effective duration, and it is estimated that the second device can complete the performance measurement of the positioning model based on the global tag group within the effective duration, then the second device can choose to perform the positioning model performance measurement based on the global tag group or based on the preferred tag group, depending on the performance measurement requirements. For example, if the performance measurement requirement prioritizes performance measurement accuracy, the second device will choose to perform the positioning model performance measurement based on the global tag group. If the performance measurement requirement prioritizes performance measurement efficiency, the second device will choose to perform the positioning model performance measurement based on the preferred tag group.

[0131] Regardless of whether the performance measurement of the positioning model is performed based on the global tag group or the preferred tag group, performance measurement failures are possible. If the second device completes the performance measurement of the positioning model within the valid time period, the performance measurement is successful; if the second device cannot complete the performance measurement of the positioning model within the valid time period, the performance measurement fails. The second device selects an appropriate tag group based on the performance measurement requirements of the positioning model to achieve a trade-off between measurement accuracy and measurement efficiency, while reducing the probability of performance measurement failure.

[0132] S108. The second device sends the performance measurement results or error reasons of the positioning model to the network device.

[0133] Accordingly, the network device receives the performance measurement results or error reasons of the positioning model. If the second device completes the performance measurement of the positioning model within the valid time period, it sends the performance measurement results of the positioning model to the network device. This allows the network device to promptly know the performance and availability status of the positioning model of the second device. If the second device fails to complete the performance measurement of the positioning model within the valid time period, it sends an error reason to the network device, indicating that the truth label provided by the network device is invalid. This allows the network device to understand the reason for the failure to perform performance measurement on the positioning model, thereby optimizing the collection of truth labels.

[0134] The performance metrics of the positioning model include at least one of the following: model information, monitoring metrics, confidence levels of monitoring metrics, and lifecycle management decision information.

[0135] Model information is used to indicate the identifier of the positioning model used by the second device for positioning. The data type of model information is integer. Model information indicates that monitoring indicators, monitoring indicator confidence levels, and lifecycle management decision information are all specific to this positioning model.

[0136] Monitoring metrics are used to indicate numerical values ​​of performance measurement results. The data type of monitoring metrics is a sequence, and monitoring metrics include at least one of the following: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 score, True Positive Rate (TPR), False Positive Rate (FPR), and Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC). These monitoring metrics indicate performance measurement results, and their meanings are described above and will not be repeated here.

[0137] The confidence level of a monitoring indicator is used to indicate the confidence level of the performance measurement results. The data type of the confidence level of a monitoring indicator is a decimal, and the value range of the confidence level of the monitoring indicator is (0,1). The larger the value of the confidence level of the monitoring indicator, the higher the confidence level of the performance measurement results; the smaller the value of the confidence level of the monitoring indicator, the lower the confidence level of the performance measurement results.

[0138] Lifecycle management decision information is used to instruct the second device to activate or deactivate the positioning model. The data type for lifecycle management decisions is an enumeration, and the value range is active or deactivated. If the second device activates the positioning model, it indicates that the positioning model's accuracy meets the positioning requirements, and this model will be used for subsequent positioning. If the second device deactivates the positioning model, it indicates that the positioning model's accuracy no longer meets the positioning requirements, and this model will not be used for subsequent positioning.

[0139] Error reasons are used to indicate why the performance metric for the localization model failed, such as an invalid first truth label.

[0140] S109. Collection of truth labels for network device optimization.

[0141] If the network device receives an error message indicating that the first truth label is invalid, it means that the second device's positioning model failed to perform performance measurement. In this case, the network device needs to change the measurement configuration sent to the first device to improve the accuracy of the first device in obtaining the truth label. For example, the network device can increase the number of measurement intervals in the measurement configuration to increase the number of measurement intervals within the measurement window, thereby improving measurement accuracy; the network device can increase the measurement window in the measurement configuration to increase the measurement duration of the first device, thereby improving measurement accuracy; the network device can decrease the speed change threshold in the measurement configuration to obtain a more stable truth label for the first device.

[0142] For example, taking a network device as an LMF network element, a first device as a non-PRU device, and a second device as a terminal device, and combining specific messages... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The performance measurement method of the positioning model shown is explained. For example... Figure 4 As shown, this application embodiment provides another performance measurement method for a localization model, including: S201-S211.

[0143] S201. The network device requests the location capability information of the first device from the first device.

[0144] Accordingly, the first device receives a request for location capability information. In this embodiment, the first device is a non-PRU device. The network device can send a RequestCapabilities message to the first device, and the first device receives the RequestCapabilities message. The RequestCapabilities message requests the location capability information of the first device, which indicates the method by which the first device performs location tracking, such as positioning via Bluetooth (BT) or via wireless local area networks (WLAN).

[0145] S202, The first device sends its positioning capability information to the network device.

[0146] Accordingly, the network device receives the location capability information of the first device. The first device may send a first ProvideCapabilities message to the network device, and the network device receives the first ProvideCapabilities message. The first ProvideCapabilities message includes the location capability information of the first device.

[0147] The positioning capability information of the first device includes at least one of the following: Sensor Capabilities, TBS Capabilities, WLAN Capabilities, and BTC Capabilities. Sensor Capabilities mean the first device supports positioning via sensors, including visual sensors, millimeter-wave radar, and lidar. TBS Capabilities mean the first device supports positioning via TBS. WLAN Capabilities mean the first device supports positioning via WLAN. Bluetooth Capabilities mean the first device supports positioning via Bluetooth.

[0148] If the first device possesses any of the aforementioned positioning capabilities, it meets the accuracy requirements for being the first device and can proceed with subsequent steps. Devices lacking any of the aforementioned positioning capabilities cannot be used as the first device and will not proceed with subsequent steps. Network devices will prioritize selecting these first devices with high positioning accuracy for ground truth label collection, as the accuracy of the ground truth labels is crucial for the training and performance measurement of the positioning model.

[0149] S203, The network device requests the motion information of the first device from the first device.

[0150] Accordingly, the first device receives a request for motion information. The network device can send a RequestLocationInformation-r13 message to the first device, and the first device receives the RequestLocationInformation message. In the existing TS37.355 protocol, the RequestLocationInformation message is used to request the location information of the first device. In this embodiment, the RequestLocationInformation message is used to request the motion information of the first device. An exemplary structure of the RequestLocationInformation message is shown below.

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] The location information request message includes at least one of the following sequences: a MotionInformationReq-r19 field, a MeasurementConfiguration-r19 field, and a MotionSteady field. The MeasurementConfiguration field and the MotionSteady field are optional.

[0154] The motion information request field is used to request motion information from the first device. The motion information request field includes the following sequence: a speed estimation indication field and a location estimation indication field. The speed estimation indication field is the speed estimation indication information in S101, and the location estimation indication field is the location estimation indication information in S101.

[0155] The measurement configuration field is the measurement configuration in S101. The measurement configuration field includes at least one of the following sequences: the measurement window field, the number of measurement intervals (N) field, and the speed change threshold field. The measurement window field is the measurement window in S101, the number of measurement intervals field is the number of measurement intervals in S101, and the speed change threshold field is the speed change threshold in S101.

[0156] The motion stability indication field is the motion stability indication information in S101.

[0157] The functions of these fields are described in S101 and will not be repeated here.

[0158] It should be noted that this application embodiment does not limit the naming of each field, the data type of the field, the value range of the field, or the message in which the field is located.

[0159] S204. The first device measures its own multiple position coordinates, and performs speed estimation based on the multiple position coordinates to obtain speed estimation information, and performs position estimation to obtain position estimation information.

[0160] This step is the same as S102, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] S205, The first device sends its motion information to the network device.

[0162] Accordingly, the network device receives the motion information of the first device. The first device can send a ProvideLocationInformation-r13 message to the network device, and the network device receives the ProvideLocationInformation message, which includes the motion information of the first device. In the existing TS37.355 protocol, the ProvideLocationInformation message is used to provide location information; in this embodiment, the ProvideLocationInformation message is used to carry the motion information of the first device. An exemplary structure of the ProvideLocationInformation message is shown below.

[0163]

[0164] The location information message includes the following sequence (SEQUENCE): MotionInformation-r19 field and MotionSteady field.

[0165] The motion information field is used to indicate the motion information of the first device. The motion information field includes the following sequence: SpeedEstimation field and LocationEstimation field.

[0166] The speed estimation information field is the speed estimation information in S102. If the speed estimation indication field in the request location information message is true (or 1), then the speed estimation information field is included in the location information provision message, or the value in the speed estimation information field is a valid value (within the value range); if the speed estimation indication field in the request location information message is false (or 0), the speed estimation information field is not included in the location information provision message, or the value in the speed estimation information field is an invalid value (outside the value range).

[0167] The location estimation information field is the location estimation information in S102. If the location estimation indication field in the request location information message is true (or 1), then the location estimation information field is included in the location information provision message, or the value in the location estimation information field is a valid value (within the value range); if the location estimation indication field in the request location information message is false (or 0), the location estimation information field is not included in the location information provision message, or the value in the location estimation information field is an invalid value (outside the value range).

[0168] The location estimation information fields include the following sequences: latitude (degreesLatitude) and longitude (degreesLongitude). Both fields are integers. The latitude field ranges from 0 to 8388607 (23 bits), and the longitude field ranges from -8388608 to 8388607 (24 bits). The latitude and longitude fields can be converted to latitude and longitude in the WGS84 coordinate system. For example, the latitude of the first device is calculated as degreesLatitude * (180 / 2^23) degrees, with a value range of [0, 180]. Here, 0 degrees represents the latitude of the South Pole, and 180 degrees represents the latitude of the North Pole. The longitude of the first device is calculated as + / - degreesLongitude*(180 / 2^23). The longitude of the first device ranges from -180 to 180, with positive values ​​for east longitude and negative values ​​for west longitude.

[0169] The motion stability field refers to the motion stability information in S102. If the motion stability indicator field in the location information request message is true (or 1), then the location information provision message includes the motion stability field, or the value in the motion stability field is a valid value (within the range of values); if the motion stability indicator field in the location information request message is false (or 0), then the location information provision message does not include the motion stability field, or the value in the motion stability field is an invalid value (outside the range of values).

[0170] The functions of these fields are described in S102 and will not be repeated here.

[0171] S206. The second device requests auxiliary data for the positioning model from the network device.

[0172] Accordingly, the network device receives a request for auxiliary data for the positioning model. The second device can send a RequestAssistanceData-r9-IEs message to the network device, and the network device receives the RequestAssistanceData message. In the existing TS37.355 protocol, the RequestAssistanceData message is used to request auxiliary data to help the second device locate itself. In this embodiment, the RequestAssistanceData message is used to request auxiliary data for performing performance metrics on the positioning model. An exemplary structure for the RequestAssistanceData message is shown below.

[0173]

[0174] The request assistance data message includes the AI ​​Request Assistance Data (AI-RequestAssistanceData-r19) field. The AI ​​Request Assistance Data field includes the following sequence: Physical Cell Index (physCellId) field and First Device Type (adType-r19) field.

[0175] The Physical Cell Index field is the same as the Physical Cell Index in S105. The First Device Type field is the same as the First Device Type in S105. The functions of these fields are described in the relevant information in S105, and will not be repeated here.

[0176] S207. Network devices generate auxiliary data for the positioning model.

[0177] 1. The network device filters location estimation information based on the physical cell index, the first device type, and the speed estimation information of the first device to obtain the first truth label, and adds it to the global label group (GlobalLabelList). For details, please refer to the description of relevant information in S106, which will not be repeated here.

[0178] 2. The network device obtains the validity period (ValidityTime) of the first truth label based on the speed estimation information of the first device. Refer to the description of relevant information in S106 for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0179] 3. The network device selects whether to add the corresponding first truth value label to the preferred label group (PreferLabelList) based on the motion stability information of the first device. See the description of the relevant information in S106 for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0180] In summary, the auxiliary data for the localization model includes a global label group, effective duration, and a preferred label group. The effective duration and preferred label group are optional.

[0181] S208. The network device sends auxiliary data of the positioning model to the second device.

[0182] Accordingly, the second device receives auxiliary data from the positioning model. The network device can send a Provide Assistance Data (r9-IFs) message to the second device, and the second device receives the Provide Assistance Data message. In the existing TS37.355 protocol, the Provide Assistance Data message is used to provide auxiliary data to help the second device locate itself. In this embodiment, the Provide Assistance Data message is used to provide auxiliary data for performing performance metrics on the positioning model. An exemplary structure for the Provide Assistance Data message is shown below.

[0183]

[0184] The auxiliary data message includes the AI-ProvideAssistanceData-r19 field. This field includes a GlobalLabelList field, a ValidityTime field, and a PreferLabelList field. The GlobalLabelList field corresponds to the GlobalLabelList mentioned earlier. The ValidityTime field corresponds to the ValidityTime field mentioned earlier; its data type is enumeration (ENUMERATE), and its value range is (32, 64, 96, 128). The PreferLabelList field corresponds to the PreferLabelList field mentioned earlier.

[0185] The valid duration field and the preferred label group field are optional. When the first device type field in the AI ​​request auxiliary data field indicates that the label type is a non-PRU device, the AI ​​provides auxiliary data fields including the valid duration field to indicate the valid duration of the label group. When the first device type field in the AI ​​request auxiliary data field indicates that the label type is a PRU device, the AI ​​provides auxiliary data fields that may not include the valid duration field. The reason is that PRU devices do not move, and their corresponding ground truth labels do not need to be updated, while non-PRU devices can move, and after the valid duration expires, the second device needs to reacquire the corresponding ground truth label.

[0186] When the amount of tag group data is large, the auxiliary data fields provided by AI can include the preferred tag group field; when the amount of tag group data is small, the auxiliary data fields provided by AI may not include the preferred tag group field. The more stable the motion state of the first device, the more accurate the true value tag measured by the first device. The network device selects the first true value tag with high accuracy from the global tag group and adds it to the preferred tag group, and sends it to the second device, so that the second device can obtain tag groups with different amounts of data and accuracies.

[0187] S209. The second device performs performance measurement on the positioning model based on the auxiliary data of the positioning model.

[0188] This step is the same as S107 and will not be repeated here.

[0189] S210. The second device sends the performance measurement results or error reasons of the positioning model to the network device.

[0190] Accordingly, the network device receives the performance measurement results or error reasons of the positioning model.

[0191] 1. If the second device completes the performance measurement of the positioning model within the valid time period, it sends the performance measurement results of the positioning model to the network device. This allows the network device to promptly obtain information about the performance and availability status of the second device's positioning model.

[0192] The second device can send a second ProvideCapabilities message to the network device. In the existing TS37.355 protocol, the ProvideCapabilities message is used to provide the second device's positioning capabilities. In this embodiment, the ProvideCapabilities message is used to provide performance measurement results. An exemplary structure of the second ProvideCapabilities message is shown below.

[0193]

[0194] The second capability provision message includes the following sequence (SEQUENCE): ProvideCapabilities-r9-IEs field. The ProvideCapabilities-r9-IEs field includes the following sequence: AI ProvideCapabilities-r19 field. The AI ​​ProvideCapabilities-r19 field includes at least one of the following sequences (SEQUENCE): ModelInfo field, Monitoring metrics field, Confidence-level of monitoring metrics field, and Lifecycle Management (LCM) decision field.

[0195] The model information field refers to the model information in S108. The monitoring indicator field refers to the monitoring indicators in S108. The monitoring indicator confidence level field refers to the monitoring indicator confidence level in S108. The lifecycle management decision field refers to the lifecycle management decision information in S108.

[0196] 2. If the second device cannot complete the performance measurement of the positioning model within the valid time limit, it sends an Error Indication message to the network device. This allows the network device to understand the reason for the failure to perform the performance measurement of the positioning model, thereby optimizing the collection of truth labels.

[0197] The second device can send an error message to the network device, the error message including the reason why the performance metric for the location model failed. For example, the structure of the second capability message is shown below.

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] The error message includes an Error (Error-r9-IEs) field, which in turn includes an ErrorCause field. The ErrorCause field is of data type ENUMERATED and its value is Invalid Auxiliary Information (invalidAD), indicating that the error is caused by invalid auxiliary data provided by the network device (i.e., invalid truth labels or invalid filtered location estimation information).

[0201] S211. Collection of truth labels for network device optimization.

[0202] This step is described in S108 and will not be repeated here.

[0203] The positioning model performance measurement method and communication device provided in this application involve a network device acquiring velocity estimation information and location estimation information from a non-PRU device (first device), and filtering the location estimation information based on the velocity estimation information. The location estimation information of the first device with the smaller velocity estimation information is used as a ground truth label and sent to a second device. Because the location estimation information of these first devices is less likely to deviate from the ground truth position, using it as a ground truth label results in higher accuracy, thus improving the accuracy of the positioning model performance measurement.

[0204] like Figure 6 As shown in the illustration, an embodiment of this application provides a communication device. The communication device 600 may include a communication module 610. The communication module 610 can implement corresponding communication functions, which can be internal communication functions of the communication device 600 or communication functions between the communication device 600 and other devices. Optionally, the communication module 610 may also be referred to as a communication interface or transceiver module. Optionally, the communication device 600 further includes a processing module 620. The processing module 620 can implement corresponding processing functions.

[0205] Optionally, the communication device 600 further includes a storage module 630, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing module 620 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module 630 so that the communication device 600 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0206] In one possible design, the communication device 600 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the network device. The communication device 600 can be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0207] For example, the communication module 610 is used to send velocity estimation indication information and position estimation indication information to the first device. The velocity estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report velocity estimation information, and the position estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report position estimation information. The first device is a non-position reference unit device. The processing module 620 is used to receive velocity estimation information and position estimation information from the first device. The processing module 620 is used to filter the position estimation information according to the velocity estimation information to obtain a first truth label. The first truth label is used as a performance measure of the positioning model.

[0208] In one possible implementation, the communication module 610 is used to send a measurement configuration to the first device, the measurement configuration being used to instruct the first device how to measure position coordinates to obtain velocity estimation information and position estimation information.

[0209] In one possible implementation, the measurement configuration includes a measurement window and a number of measurement intervals; the measurement window is used to indicate the total duration for which the first device measures the position coordinates, and the number of measurement intervals is used to indicate the number of time intervals within which the first device measures the position coordinates within the measurement window.

[0210] In one possible implementation, the measurement configuration includes a speed change threshold, which is used by the first device to assess whether its motion state is stable, and a communication module 610 for sending motion stability indication information to the first device, which is used to indicate whether the first device should report motion stability information, and the motion stability information is used to indicate whether the first device's motion state is stable.

[0211] In one possible implementation, the communication module 610 is used to receive motion stability information of the first device from the first device.

[0212] In one possible implementation, the communication module 610 is configured to receive a physical cell index and a first device type from a second device; the physical cell index refers to the physical cell index of the serving cell, and the first device type is used to indicate whether the device type providing the truth label includes location reference unit devices and whether it includes non-location reference unit devices; the physical cell index and the first device type are used to filter location estimation information; send a first truth label and a validity period to the second device, the validity period being used to indicate the validity period of the first truth label, the validity period being obtained from the velocity estimation information; and receive a performance measurement result or error reason from the positioning model of the second device, the error reason being used to indicate that the first truth label is invalid.

[0213] In one possible implementation, the communication module 610 is used to send a second truth label to the second device, the second truth label being used to indicate the position estimation information of the first device with a stable motion state.

[0214] In one possible implementation, the performance measurement result includes at least one of the following: model information, monitoring indicators, monitoring indicator confidence levels, and lifecycle management decision information; the model information is used to indicate the identifier of the positioning model, the monitoring indicators are used to indicate the numerical value of the performance measurement result, the monitoring indicator confidence levels are used to indicate the confidence level of the performance measurement result, and the lifecycle management decision information is used to indicate whether the second device activates or deactivates the positioning model.

[0215] In one possible implementation, the physical cell index and the first device type are carried in the request for auxiliary data message.

[0216] In one possible implementation, the first truth label and the validity period are carried in the auxiliary data message.

[0217] In one possible implementation, the performance measurement results are carried in a capability provision message.

[0218] In one possible implementation, the speed estimation indication information and the position estimation indication information are carried in the request position information message.

[0219] In one possible implementation, velocity estimation information and position estimation information are carried in a location information provision message.

[0220] In one possible design, the communication device 600 may correspond to the first device in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the first device. The communication device 600 may be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the first device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0221] For example, the communication module 610 is used to receive speed estimation indication information and position estimation indication information from the network device. The speed estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report speed estimation information, and the position estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report position estimation information. The processing module 620 is used to measure multiple position coordinates of itself, and perform speed estimation based on the multiple position coordinates to obtain speed estimation information, and perform position estimation to obtain position estimation information. The communication module 610 is used to send speed estimation information and position estimation information to the network device. The speed estimation information is used to filter the position estimation information to obtain a first truth label, and the first truth label is used to measure the performance of the positioning model.

[0222] In one possible implementation, the processing module 620 is used to obtain the distance moved by each measurement relative to the previous measurement based on the position coordinates of each measurement and the position coordinates of the previous measurement; to use the most recent movement speed obtained from the movement distance between the last two measurements as speed estimation information; and to use the position coordinates obtained from the last measurement as position estimation information.

[0223] In one possible implementation, the processing module 620 is used to obtain the distance moved by each measurement relative to the previous measurement based on the position coordinates of each measurement and the position coordinates of the previous measurement; to obtain the average speed by dividing the sum of the moving distances of multiple measurements by the duration of the measurement window, and to use the centroid coordinates obtained from multiple position coordinates as position estimation information.

[0224] In one possible implementation, the communication module 610 is configured to receive a measurement configuration from a network device, the measurement configuration being configured to instruct the first device how to measure position coordinates to obtain velocity estimation information and position estimation information.

[0225] In one possible implementation, the measurement configuration includes a measurement window and a number of measurement intervals; the measurement window is used to indicate the total duration for which the first device measures the position coordinates, and the number of measurement intervals is used to indicate the number of time intervals within which the first device measures the position coordinates within the measurement window.

[0226] In one possible implementation, the measurement configuration includes a speed change threshold, which is used by the first device to assess whether its motion state is stable. The communication module 610 is used to receive motion stability indication information from the network device, which is used to indicate whether the first device should report motion stability information and whether the motion stability information indicates whether the first device's motion state is stable.

[0227] In one possible implementation, the communication module 610 is used to send motion stability information of the first device to the network device.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the speed estimation indication information and the position estimation indication information are carried in the request position information message.

[0229] In one possible implementation, velocity estimation information and position estimation information are carried in a location information provision message.

[0230] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 700 may be a chip, chip system, or processor, etc., that implements the above-described method in a first device or network device. The communication device 700 can be used to implement the methods described in the above-described method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above-described method embodiments.

[0231] like Figure 7As shown, the communication device 700 may include one or more processors 710, which may also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 710 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device 700 (e.g., a base station, baseband chip, user, user chip), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0232] In an alternative design, the processor 710 may also store instructions and / or data, which can be executed by the processor 710 to cause the communication device 700 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0233] In another alternative design, the communication device 700 may include a communication interface 720 for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the communication interface 720 may be a transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver. The transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver may be used for reading and writing code / data, or it may be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0234] Optionally, the communication device 700 may include one or more memories 730, which may store instructions that can be executed on the processor 710, causing the communication device 700 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memories 730 may also store data. Optionally, the processor 710 may also store instructions and / or data. The processor 710 and the memories 730 may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0235] It should be understood that, in one possible design, the steps in the method embodiments provided in this application can be implemented by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are not provided here.

[0236] In one implementation, the communication device 700 may correspond to the first device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the first device in the above method embodiments. The processor 710 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 730, and when the processor 710 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 710 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the first device.

[0237] In another implementation, the communication device 700 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the network device in the above method embodiments. The processor 710 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 730, and when the processor 710 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 710 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the network device.

[0238] It should be understood that the aforementioned processor can be one or more chips. For example, the processor can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0239] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0240] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a processor, including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is used to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute the method described in the embodiments of this application.

[0241] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0242] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a chip system, which includes one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, thereby causing the method described in the embodiments of this application to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0243] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0244] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned network device, first device, and second device.

[0245] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes executed by the network device, the first device, and the second device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0246] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes performed by the network device, the first device, and the second device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0247] The computer-readable storage medium may be the aforementioned volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it may include both volatile memory and non-volatile memory.

[0248] In the embodiments of this application, the terms and English abbreviations are exemplary examples given for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. This application does not preclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future agreements.

[0249] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated.

[0250] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0251] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0252] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A performance measurement method for a localization model, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, the method includes: Send velocity estimation indication information and position estimation indication information to a first device, wherein the velocity estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report the velocity estimation information, and the position estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report the position estimation information, wherein the first device is a non-position reference unit device; Receive the velocity estimation information and the position estimation information from the first device; The location estimation information is filtered based on the velocity estimation information to obtain a first ground truth label, which is used as a performance metric for the localization model.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: A measurement configuration is sent to the first device, the measurement configuration being used by the first device to measure the position coordinates of the first device in order to obtain the velocity estimation information and the position estimation information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measurement configuration includes a measurement window and a number of measurement intervals; the measurement window is used to indicate the total duration for the first device to measure the location coordinates, and the number of measurement intervals is used to indicate the number of time intervals within which the first device measures the location coordinates within the measurement window.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The measurement configuration includes a speed change threshold, which is used by the first device to assess whether its motion state is stable. The method further includes: Send motion stability indication information to the first device. The motion stability indication information is used to indicate whether the first device should report motion stability information. The motion stability information is used to indicate whether the motion state of the first device is stable.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives a physical cell index and a first device type from a second device; the physical cell index is the physical cell index of the serving cell of the second device, and the first device type is used to indicate whether the device type providing the truth label includes location reference unit devices and whether it includes non-location reference unit devices; the physical cell index and the first device type are used to filter the location estimation information. The first truth value tag and the validity period are sent to the second device, wherein the validity period is used to indicate the validity period of the first truth value tag, and the validity period is obtained based on the speed estimation information; Receive a performance metric result or error reason from the second device for the positioning model, wherein the error reason is used to indicate that the first truth label is invalid.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: A second truth label is sent to the second device, which is used to indicate the position estimation information of the first device with a stable motion state.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The performance metric results include at least one of the following: Model information, monitoring indicators, confidence levels of monitoring indicators, and lifecycle management decision information; The model information is used to indicate the identifier of the positioning model, the monitoring index is used to indicate the value of the performance measurement result, the confidence level of the monitoring index is used to indicate the confidence level of the performance measurement result, and the lifecycle management decision information is used to instruct the second device to activate or deactivate the positioning model.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The physical cell index and the first device type are carried in the request for auxiliary data message.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The first truth value label and the effective duration are carried in the auxiliary data message; The performance measurement results are carried in the capability provision message; The velocity estimation indication information and the position estimation indication information are carried in the request position information message; The velocity estimation information and the location estimation information are carried in a location information provision message.

10. A performance measurement method for a localization model, characterized in that, Applied to a first device, which is a non-position reference unit device, the method includes: Receive speed estimation indication information and location estimation indication information from network devices, wherein the speed estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report the speed estimation information, and the location estimation indication information is used to instruct the first device to report the location estimation information; Measure multiple position coordinates of itself, and perform velocity estimation based on the multiple position coordinates to obtain velocity estimation information, and perform position estimation to obtain position estimation information; The speed estimation information and the location estimation information are sent to the network device. The speed estimation information is used to filter the location estimation information to obtain a first truth label. The first truth label is used to measure the performance of the positioning model.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of performing velocity estimation based on the multiple position coordinates to obtain velocity estimation information, and performing position estimation to obtain position estimation information, includes: Based on the position coordinates of each measurement and the position coordinates of the previous measurement, the distance moved relative to the previous measurement is obtained; The most recent velocity obtained from the distance between the last two measurements is used as the velocity estimation information; The location coordinates obtained from the last measurement are used as the location estimation information.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of performing velocity estimation based on the multiple position coordinates to obtain velocity estimation information, and performing position estimation to obtain position estimation information, includes: Based on the position coordinates of each measurement and the position coordinates of the previous measurement, the distance moved relative to the previous measurement is obtained; The average speed obtained by dividing the sum of the measured distances by the duration of the measurement window is used as the speed estimation information. The centroid coordinates obtained from the multiple location coordinates are used as the location estimation information.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first device receives a measurement configuration from the network device, the measurement configuration being used by the first device to measure the position coordinates of the first device in order to obtain the speed estimation information and the position estimation information.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The measurement configuration includes a measurement window and a number of measurement intervals; the measurement window is used to indicate the total duration for the first device to measure the location coordinates, and the number of measurement intervals is used to indicate the number of time intervals within which the first device measures the location coordinates within the measurement window.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The measurement configuration includes a speed change threshold, which is used by the first device to assess whether its motion state is stable. The method further includes: The system receives motion stability indication information from the network device. The motion stability indication information is used to indicate whether the first device reports motion stability information, and the motion stability information is used to indicate whether the motion state of the first device is stable.

16. The method according to any one of claims 10-15, characterized in that, The velocity estimation indication information and the position estimation indication information are carried in the request position information message; The velocity estimation information and the location estimation information are carried in a location information provision message.

17. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the network device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-9 or any one of claims 10-16.

18. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed, they cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-9, or to perform the method as described in any one of claims 10-16.

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