An adaptive edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing

Abstract

The application provides an adaptive edge shielding clamping device for wet processing of a printed circuit board, which is used for solving the problems of fixed clamping spacing of a frame-shaped bracket in the prior art, inability to adapt to multiple sizes of substrates, lack of side shielding, serious edge effect and low efficiency of manual adjustment, and comprises a circuit board feeding conveying belt, a conveying system, a circuit board feeding manipulator, a circuit board hanger and a hanger opening and clamping range control mechanism, through an edge bar adaptive size adjustment assembly, synchronous and symmetrical adjustment of the side clamping spacing is realized, through segmented shielding plate follow-up adjustment of a flexible side shielding assembly, the edge electric field shielding distance is accurately controlled, through the hanger opening and clamping range control mechanism, quick line changing and automatic clamping of different sizes of substrates are realized, multiple sizes of PCB production can be flexibly adapted, edge shielding accurate follow-up is realized, and wet processing uniformity and equipment utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of printed circuit board manufacturing technology, and in particular to an adaptive edge shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of printed circuit boards (PCBs), wet processing is a core step in forming conductive lines and enhancing surface properties. This step typically involves using hangers or brackets to support the PCB substrate, allowing it to complete the chemical reaction process in a bath.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN209428629U discloses a frame-shaped bracket for releasably engaging workpieces and an electroplating machine. The frame-shaped bracket includes: a frame-like structure, which is formed by a top rod, a bottom rod, a right rod, and a left rod to form a rectangular frame; multiple top clamps engage with the top rods for releasably holding the workpiece; and multiple bottom clamps engage with the bottom rods for releasably holding the workpiece. The top clamps are made of conductive material, and the bottom clamps are made of electrically insulating material. The bracket achieves releasable holding of the workpiece through the cooperation of the top and bottom clamps and is used in an electroplating machine.

[0004] However, with the diversification of market demands for printed circuit boards and the continuous improvement of product precision requirements, the aforementioned frame brackets and existing conventional clamping devices have revealed the following significant technical defects in actual production: First, the clamping spacing of the frame bracket is fixed, which cannot be adapted to the production of PCB substrates of different sizes: the top and bottom clamps of the existing frame bracket are usually designed with a fixed spacing. When it is necessary to process PCB substrates of different widths or heights, the equipment cannot be flexibly adapted. It is necessary to stop the machine to replace the entire bracket or manually adjust the position of the clamps, resulting in high production line switching costs and low equipment utilization. Secondly, the frame bracket lacks a side shielding mechanism, making it difficult to solve the edge effect problem in wet processing: During wet processing, due to the edge electric field concentration effect, the current density at the edge of the PCB substrate is naturally higher than that in the middle, resulting in excessively fast edge plating or etching rates. The frame bracket of this technology only uses top and bottom clamps and lacks effective side shielding components, making it impossible to control the divergence of the edge electric field or flow field. This uncontrollable edge effect can easily lead to excessively thick PCB edge plating or over-etching, seriously affecting product consistency and yield. Third, the existing side adjustment mechanism lacks a synchronous linkage mechanism, resulting in low adjustment accuracy and poor efficiency: even if some existing equipment is equipped with a side clamping or shielding mechanism, it usually adopts an independent manual adjustment method. The adjustment of the left and right sides is not synchronized, which can easily lead to cumulative errors, resulting in PCB substrate clamping tilt or inconsistent shielding distance. In addition, manual adjustment requires human intervention, and the adjustment speed is slow, which cannot meet the high-efficiency production needs of modern automated production lines. Fourth, the existing equipment lacks automated loading and unloading and size adaptation mechanisms: the frame bracket of this technology requires manual or simple mechanical devices for loading, lacks coordination design with automated robotic arms, and cannot automatically adjust the clamping range and shielding distance according to changes in PCB size, resulting in long line changeover time and low production efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive edge shielding clamping device that can flexibly adapt to the production of PCBs of various sizes, achieve precise follow-up of side shielding, have a synchronous linkage adjustment mechanism, and support automated loading and unloading. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive edge shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards, which solves the problems of fixed clamping spacing of frame brackets that cannot adapt to substrates of multiple sizes, lack of side shielding leading to severe edge effects, low accuracy of asynchronous adjustment, and low degree of automation in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides an adaptive edge-shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards, comprising: The circuit board loading conveyor belt, conveying system, circuit board loading robot, circuit board hanger, hanger opening and clamping range control mechanism, and circuit board are all installed on the frame of the wet processing production line for printed circuit boards. Circuit boards are placed on the circuit board loading conveyor belt, circuit board hangers are driven on the conveying system, and the circuit board loading robot is located between the circuit board loading conveyor belt and the conveying system. The circuit board loading robot is used to grab the circuit board and transport it to the circuit board rack; The bracket opening range control mechanism works in conjunction with the circuit board bracket to control the clamping and releasing of the circuit board bracket, as well as the adjustment of the clamping size and shielding distance of the circuit board. The circuit board bracket includes a side rail adaptive size adjustment component and a flexible side shielding component. The side rail adaptive size adjustment component is used to adaptively adjust the side clamping spacing according to the size of the circuit board, and the flexible side shielding component is used to adjust the shielding distance of the edge electric field according to the size of the circuit board.

[0008] Optionally, the circuit board loading robot includes a universal robot and a loading suction cup, with the loading suction cup mounted at the end of the universal robot.

[0009] Optionally, the circuit board bracket includes a conveying frame, a conductive plate, a positioning frame, an upper conductive rail, a lower lifting rail, a lifting slider, a lifting groove, a translation groove, and a side translation rail. The conveying system has a conveying frame slidably mounted on it. A conductive plate is provided on the top of the conveying frame. A positioning frame is installed on the front wall of the conductive plate. An upper conductive rail is fixed to the lower part of the conductive plate. Lifting grooves are symmetrically opened on the inner sides of the left and right walls of the positioning frame. Lifting sliders are slidably mounted in both lifting grooves. A lower lifting rail is fixed between the two lifting sliders. Translation grooves are opened in the upper and lower parts of the positioning frame. A side translation rail is fixed on one side and slidably mounted on the other side of the positioning frame. The side translation rail on the sliding side is slidably mounted in the translation grooves at the upper and lower ends of the positioning frame.

[0010] Optionally, the circuit board bracket further includes a side rail adaptive size adjustment assembly installed on the upper conductive rail and the lower lifting rail. The side rail adaptive size adjustment assembly includes positioning grooves, positioning sliders, fixing reference blocks, mounting pins, a drive gear, a double-ended toothed connecting rod, a transmission pin, and a circuit board limiting clamp. Positioning grooves are horizontally opened in the upper conductive rail and the lower lifting rail, and vertically opened in the two side sliding rails. Three positioning sliders are slidably arranged in each of the four positioning grooves. Fixing reference blocks are provided on the left side of the two horizontal positioning grooves and on the upper part of the two vertical positioning grooves. The left and right ends of the positioning sliders and fixing reference blocks in the upper conductive rail and the lower lifting rail are fixed. Each of the eight pairs of mounting pins has a circuit board limiting clip fixedly sleeved on its front outer wall. The circuit board limiting clip intermittently clamps the top and bottom edges of the circuit board. The rear wall of the fixed reference block in the upper conductive rail and the lower lifting rail, and the front wall of the fixed reference block in the two side sliding rails are rotatably equipped with a drive gear. The fixed reference block and the adjacent positioning slider, as well as the two adjacent positioning sliders, are all hinged with a double-ended toothed connecting rod through a transmission pin. The double-ended toothed connecting rod is formed by hinged two connecting rods. The outer ends of the two connecting rods are provided with teeth. The drive gear meshes with the end of the adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rod. The two adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rods are meshed end to end.

[0011] Optionally, the circuit board bracket further includes a flexible side shielding assembly installed on two side sliding rails. The flexible side shielding assembly includes a directional support, a support rod, and a shielding plate. A directional support is installed at the bend in the middle of the double-ended toothed connecting rod on the side sliding rail. Two support rods are interspersed on each directional support. A shielding plate is sleeved between the outer walls of the two support rods. The vertical positions of the three shielding plates on the same side are staggered, and the shielding plates are made of insulating material.

[0012] Optionally, the hanging bracket opening range control mechanism includes an opening component corresponding to the position of the upper conductive rail and the front wall of the lower lifting rail, and a positioning support component corresponding to the position of the upper conductive rail and the rear wall of the lower lifting rail, and a lifting adjustment component is fixed at the lower part of the opening component and the positioning support component.

[0013] Optionally, the lifting adjustment assembly is used to adjust the position of the clamping assembly and the positioning support assembly according to the change of the circuit board size. The lifting adjustment assembly includes a mounting base, sliding blocks, lifting guide rails and lifting support platforms. The mounting base is fixed on the frame of the printed circuit board wet processing production line. Two sliding blocks are fixed on the inner side of the mounting base. A lifting guide rail is fixed on the mounting base between the two sliding blocks. A lifting support platform is slidably installed between the two sliding blocks and the lifting guide rail.

[0014] Optionally, the clamping assembly is used to trigger the opening or closing of the circuit board limiting clamps. The clamping assembly includes a carrier plate, clamping cylinders, and triangular pressure bars. The two upper carrier plates are fixed on the frame of the wet processing production line for printed circuit boards, and the two lower carrier plates are respectively fixed on two lifting support platforms. Two clamping cylinders are fixedly installed on the upper part of the carrier plates. Triangular pressure bars are fixed between the output ends of the two upper clamping cylinders and the two lower clamping cylinders. The upper and lower triangular pressure bars intermittently press against the opening ends of the four upper and four lower circuit board limiting clamps, respectively.

[0015] Optionally, a positioning support assembly is used to provide limiting support during circuit board loading. The positioning support assembly includes a top block, and the top block is fixed between the two upper and lower opening cylinder output ends at the rear. The upper and lower top blocks intermittently press against the rear walls of the upper conductive rail and the lower lifting rail, respectively.

[0016] Optionally, drive motors are fixed to the left and right ends of the upper carrier plate and the left ends of the upper and lower rear carrier plates. The drive gear has a drive tooth groove in the middle, and the drive tooth groove is engaged with the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0017] As described above, the adaptive edge-shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up a side rail adaptive size adjustment component consisting of a drive gear, a double-ended toothed connecting rod, a transmission pin, and a positioning slider, the absolute synchronous movement and closed-loop precise control of multiple clamping components are achieved by utilizing the head-to-tail meshing and folding transmission mechanism of the double-ended toothed connecting rod. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, causing the double-ended toothed connecting rod to fold or unfold synchronously, pulling the positioning slider to slide within the positioning groove, thereby driving the circuit board limit clamp to precisely adjust the clamping distance. Combined with the real-time feedback signal from the position detection sensor on the fixed reference block, the cumulative error of the traditional independent adjustment method is completely eliminated, solving the problems of asynchronous side clamping, low precision, and inability to flexibly adapt to multiple size substrates in the existing technology.

[0018] 2. By setting up a flexible side shielding assembly consisting of a directional support, a support rod, and a shielding plate, and using the bend in the middle of the double-ended toothed connecting rod as the driving point, the shielding plate can be flexibly adjusted in four dimensions: up, down, left, and right. The folding and changing of the double-ended toothed connecting rod synchronously drives the directional support to move, thereby adjusting the combined length of the three shielding plates, the projection shielding range, and the distance from the side edge of the substrate. At the same time, the design of the three shielding plates on the same side being vertically staggered not only prevents mutual interference during adjustment, but also effectively avoids the dead zone of the liquid flow field caused by the whole shielding plate. It can accurately shield the electric field or flow field concentration effect at the side edge, prevent the edge coating from being too thick or the etching from being too excessive, and solve the problems of severe edge effect, fixed shielding distance, and easy generation of flow field dead angles in the existing technology.

[0019] 3. By setting up an opening and positioning support mechanism consisting of a triangular pressure bar, a top block, and a positioning slide, a failure-proof design with full stroke compatibility is achieved. The pressure head length of the triangular pressure bar and the support length of the top block are designed to be the same as the length of the positioning slide. This ensures that no matter how widely the spacing of the circuit board limit clamps changes, the opening trigger of the triangular pressure bar and the rear support of the top block are always within the effective stroke. They will not disconnect or fail due to spacing adjustment, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the loading process. This solves the technical problem in the prior art where the opening mechanism or support mechanism fails after the clamping spacing is adjusted.

[0020] 4. By setting up a lifting adjustment assembly consisting of a sliding drive block, lifting guide rail, and lifting support platform, and with the sliding adaptation design of the lower lifting rail and the side sliding rail, rapid automatic line changing of circuit boards of different sizes is achieved. This allows the lifting adjustment assembly to automatically adjust the vertical position of the lower clamping assembly and the positioning support assembly according to the height change of the circuit board. Combined with the automated loading and unloading actions of the universal robot and the loading suction cup, the hanger can automatically adapt to the height and width of the board without manual intervention or downtime to replace the mechanical structure, which greatly improves the equipment uptime and production flexibility of the wet processing production line. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a left-side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 The diagram shows a perspective view of the cooperation structure between the circuit board holder and the holder opening range control mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This invention is shown as Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of region A in the image.

[0026] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the circuit board bracket of the present invention on the right side.

[0027] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the left side of the circuit board bracket of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a front view of the circuit board bracket of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 The image shown is a perspective view of the left side of the circuit board holder in the state without the shielding plate and the limiting clamp of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a front view of the circuit board holder without the shielding plate and the limiting clamp of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 The image shown is a rear perspective view of the circuit board holder without the shielding plate and the limiting clamp of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 The image shown is a rear perspective view of the circuit board mount of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 The image shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the left side of the positioning frame of this invention.

[0034] Figure 14 The image shown is a rear perspective view of the control mechanism for the opening range of the hanging bracket of the conductive railing of this invention.

[0035] Figure 15 The image shown is a front perspective view of the positioning groove and slider sliding structure of the conductive rail of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 16 The image shown is a front perspective view of the positioning groove and slider sliding structure of the lower lifting rail of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 17 The image shown is a rear perspective view of the hanging bracket opening range control mechanism of the lifting railing according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 18 This invention is shown as Figure 17 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of region B in the image.

[0039] Figure 19 The image shown is a front perspective view of the flexible side shielding assembly of the present invention in the state without a shielding plate.

[0040] Figure 20 The image shown is a rear perspective view of the flexible side shielding assembly of the present invention in the state without a shielding plate.

[0041] Figure 21 The image shown is a rear perspective view of the flexible side shielding assembly of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 22 The image shown is a front perspective view of the flexible side shielding assembly of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 23 This invention is shown as Figure 22 An enlarged schematic diagram of the C region structure.

[0044] Component designation explanation 1. Circuit board loading conveyor belt; 2. Conveying system; 3. Circuit board loading robot; 301. Universal robot; 302. Loading suction cup; 4. Circuit board bracket; 401. Conveying frame; 402. Conductive plate; 403. Positioning frame; 404. Upper conductive rail; 405. Lower lifting rail; 406. Lifting slider; 407. Lifting groove; 408. Translation groove; 409. Side translation rail; 410. Positioning slide groove; 411. Positioning slider; 412. Mounting pin; 413. Fixed reference block; 414. Drive gear; 415. Double-ended toothed connecting rod; 416. Transmission pin; 417. Drive tooth groove; 418. Circuit board limiting clamp; 419. Orientation support; 420. Support rod; 421. Shielding plate; 5. Hanger clamping range control mechanism; 501. Mounting base plate; 502. Sliding drive block; 503. Lifting guide rail; 504. Lifting support platform; 505. Carrier plate; 506. Clamping cylinder; 507. Triangular pressure bar; 508. Drive motor; 509. Top block. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Please see Figures 1-3 To achieve the support and basic clamping of the circuit board 6, this invention provides an adaptive edge-shielded clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards, comprising: a circuit board loading conveyor belt 1, a conveying system 2, a circuit board loading robot 3, a circuit board hanger 4, a hanger opening and clamping range control mechanism 5, and a circuit board 6. The circuit board loading conveyor belt 1, the conveying system 2, the circuit board loading robot 3, the circuit board hanger 4, and the hanger opening and clamping range control mechanism 5 are all installed on the frame of the wet processing production line for printed circuit boards. The circuit board 6 is placed on the circuit board loading conveyor belt 1. The circuit board hanger 4 is driven on the conveying system 2. The circuit board loading robot 3 is located between the circuit board loading conveyor belt 1 and the conveying system 2. The circuit board 6 is transported by the circuit board loading conveyor belt 1 to a designated position that is easy for the circuit board loading robot 3 to pick up. Then, the circuit board loading robot 3 picks up the circuit board 6 and loads it into the circuit board hanger 4.

[0048] More comprehensively, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to realize the automated loading and unloading of circuit board 6, circuit board loading robot 3 is used to grab circuit board 6 and transport it to circuit board rack 4. Circuit board loading robot 3 includes universal robot 301 and loading suction cup 302. The end of universal robot 301 is equipped with loading suction cup 302. Loading suction cup 302 is used to adsorb circuit board 6 and drive circuit board 6 to be vertically placed into circuit board rack 4.

[0049] More comprehensively, such as Figure 4 , Figures 6-13As shown, the circuit board bracket 4 includes a conveying frame 401, a conductive plate 402, a positioning frame 403, an upper conductive rail 404, a lower lifting rail 405, a lifting slider 406, a lifting groove 407, a translation groove 408, and a side translation rail 409. The conveying system 2 has the conveying frame 401 slidably mounted on it. A conductive plate 402 is positioned on the top of the conveying frame 401. A positioning frame 403 is mounted on the front wall of the conductive plate 402. The upper conductive rail 404 is fixed to the lower part of the conductive plate 402. Lifting grooves 407 are symmetrically opened on the inner sides of the left and right walls of the positioning frame 403. Lifting sliders 406 are slidably mounted in both lifting grooves 407. 6. A lower lifting rail 405 is fixed between two lifting sliders 406. The two lifting sliders 406 slide synchronously in the lifting groove 407, which can drive the lower lifting rail 405 to move up and down to adapt to the length change of the circuit board 6. The upper and lower parts of the positioning frame 403 are provided with translation grooves 408. A side translation rail 409 is fixed on one side of the positioning frame 403 and slidably installed on the other side. The side translation rail 409 on the sliding side is slidably installed in the translation grooves 408 at both ends of the positioning frame 403. The side translation rail 409 can slide left and right according to the width change of the circuit board 6 to adapt to the side shielding requirements of the circuit board 6.

[0050] Working principle: After the circuit board 6 is transported to the designated position by the circuit board loading conveyor belt 1, the omnidirectional robot 301 drives the loading suction cup 302 to move above the circuit board 6. The loading suction cup 302 adsorbs the circuit board 6. The omnidirectional robot 301 adjusts the posture of the circuit board 6, rotating it from a horizontal state to a vertical state with the top edge facing upward. Before the circuit board 6 is loaded, the lower lifting rail 405 and the right side translation rail 409 can slide to adapt to the size of the circuit board 6. Then, the omnidirectional robot 301 drives the circuit board 6 to move vertically upward and send it into the circuit board hanger 4, thus completing the loading of the circuit board 6. The subsequent conveying frame 401 slides on the conveying system 2, driving the entire hanger to move in the wet processing production line. The conductive plate 402 can provide a conductive path in the wet processing process such as electroplating.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Please see Figures 5-12 and Figures 14-18To achieve adaptive adjustment of the side clamping spacing according to the size of the circuit board 6, this invention provides an adaptive edge shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards, further comprising: a side rail adaptive size adjustment assembly installed on the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405. The side rail adaptive size adjustment assembly includes a positioning groove 410, a positioning slider 411, a fixed reference block 413, a mounting pin 412, a drive gear 414, a double-ended toothed connecting rod 415, a transmission pin 416, and a circuit board limiting clamp 418. Positioning grooves 410 are horizontally opened in the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405, and vertically opened in the two side sliding rails 409. Three positioning sliders 411 are slidably arranged in each of the four positioning grooves 410, and fixed reference blocks 413 are provided on the left side of the two horizontal positioning grooves 410 and on the upper part of the two vertical positioning grooves 410. The left and right ends of the positioning sliders 411 and the fixed reference blocks 413 in the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405 are fixed with... The mounting pins 412 are all fixedly sleeved with circuit board limiting clips 418 on the outer front wall of each of the eight pairs of mounting pins 412. The circuit board limiting clips 418 intermittently clamp the top and bottom edges of the circuit board 6. The rear wall of the fixed reference block 413 in the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405 and the front wall of the fixed reference block 413 in the two side sliding rails 409 are rotatably equipped with drive gears 414. The fixed reference block 413 is positioned between itself and the adjacent positioning slider 411, and between two adjacent positioning sliders 411. A double-ended toothed connecting rod 415 is hinged to a transmission pin 416. The double-ended toothed connecting rod 415 is composed of two connecting rods hinged together. The outer ends of the two connecting rods are provided with teeth. The drive gear 414 is connected to the end of the adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rod 415. The two adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 are connected end to end. A position detection sensor is provided on the fixed reference block 413, which can monitor the movement distance of the positioning slider 411 in real time and feed the signal back to the control system to realize closed-loop precise control of the clamping distance.

[0053] Working principle: When the clamping spacing needs to be adjusted to accommodate circuit boards 6 of different sizes, the two lifting sliders 406 are controlled to slide synchronously within the lifting groove 407, which can drive the lower lifting rail 405 to move up and down to accommodate changes in the length of the circuit board 6. The control system synchronously activates the two drive motors 508 at the rear left end of the circuit board bracket 4, which drive the two drive gears 414 to rotate in the same direction. The drive gears 414 mesh with each other to drive the adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 to move. Due to the double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 at both ends... Each component is equipped with a transmission pin 416. Two adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 mesh with the transmission pin 416 end to end. The double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 fold synchronously, pulling the positioning slider 411 to slide within the positioning groove 410. The positioning slider 411 drives the mounting pin 412 and the circuit board limiting clamp 418 to move synchronously, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the clamping distance between the upper and lower edges of the circuit board 6. This meshing transmission mechanism of the double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 ensures the absolute synchronous movement of the clamping components on both sides and eliminates cumulative errors.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Please see Figures 5-12 and Figures 19-23 To address the edge effect problem in wet processing, this invention provides an adaptive edge shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards, which shields the edges of the circuit board 6 with electric or flow fields. The device further includes a flexible side shielding assembly mounted on two side translation rails 409. The flexible side shielding assembly includes directional supports 419, support rods 420, and shielding plates 421. Directional supports 419 are installed at the bends in the middle of the double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 on the side translation rails 409. Two support rods 420 are interspersed on each directional support 419. A shielding plate 421 is sleeved between the outer walls of the two support rods 420. The vertical positions of the three shielding plates 421 on the same side are staggered, and the shielding plates 421 are made of insulating material.

[0056] Working principle: After the side rail adaptive size adjustment component adjusts the clamping distance according to the size of the circuit board 6 and completes the clamping of the circuit board 6, the flexible side shielding component can adjust the electric field shielding range according to the size of the circuit board 6. First, the control system causes the right side sliding rail 409 to slide left and right according to the width change of the circuit board 6, so that the two side sliding rails 409 are adjacent to the left and right sides of the circuit board 6. Then, the two drive motors 508 at the upper left and right ends of the front of the circuit board bracket 4 drive the two drive gears 414 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The drive gears 414 drive the adjacent double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 to move and fold through meshing. The folding change of the double-ended toothed connecting rods 415 can synchronously drive the directional support 419 to move up, down, left, and right. 19. The shielding plate 421 is moved synchronously by the support rod 420. Since the shielding plate 421 is made of insulating material, and the folding and changing of the double-ended toothed connecting rod 415 can adjust the combined length of the three shielding plates 421, the projection shielding range of the shielding plate 421 and the circuit board 6, and the distance between the shielding plate 421 and the side edge of the circuit board 6, the shielding range can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the circuit board 6 and the different requirements of wet processing. It can effectively shield the electric field or flow field concentration effect of the side edge, prevent the edge plating layer from being too thick or the etching from being too excessive. The three shielding plates 421 on the same side are vertically staggered to prevent mutual interference when adjusting the position of the three shielding plates 421. This ensures the shielding effect and avoids the dead zone of the liquid flow field caused by the whole shielding plate 421, thus improving the uniformity of wet processing.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] Please see Figures 1-5 To achieve rapid line changing and automated clamping control for circuit boards 6 of different sizes, this invention provides an adaptive edge shielding clamping device for wet processing of printed circuit boards, which further includes: a bracket opening clamping range control mechanism 5, which cooperates with the circuit board bracket 4 to control the clamping and releasing of the circuit board bracket 4 and the adjustment of the clamping size and shielding distance of the circuit board 6. The bracket opening clamping range control mechanism 5 includes an opening clamping component corresponding to the front wall position of the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405, and a positioning support component corresponding to the rear wall position of the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405, and a lifting adjustment component is fixed at the lower part of the opening clamping component and the positioning support component.

[0059] More comprehensively, such as Figures 2-4As shown, the lifting adjustment assembly is used to adjust the position of the clamping assembly and the positioning support assembly according to the change of the circuit board size. The lifting adjustment assembly includes a mounting base 501, a sliding drive block 502, a lifting guide rail 503 and a lifting support table 504. The mounting base 501 is fixed on the frame of the printed circuit board wet processing production line. Two sliding drive blocks 502 are fixed on the inner side of the mounting base 501. The lifting guide rail 503 is fixed on the mounting base 501 between the two sliding drive blocks 502. The lifting support table 504 is slidably installed between the two sliding drive blocks 502 and the lifting guide rail 503.

[0060] More comprehensively, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the clamping assembly is used to trigger the opening or closing of the circuit board limiting clamps 418. The clamping assembly includes a carrier plate 505, clamping cylinders 506, and triangular pressure rods 507. The two upper carrier plates 505 are fixed on the frame of the wet processing production line of the printed circuit board, corresponding to the upper conductive rail 404. The two lower carrier plates 505 are respectively fixed on two lifting support platforms 504, corresponding to the displacement of the lower lifting rail 405. Two clamping cylinders 506 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the carrier plate 505. Triangular pressure rods 507 are fixed between the output ends of the two upper clamping cylinders 506 and the two lower clamping cylinders 506. The upper and lower triangular pressure rods 507 intermittently press against the opening ends of the four upper and four lower circuit board limiting clamps 418, respectively, to control the opening of the circuit board limiting clamps 418 to limit the circuit board 6.

[0061] More comprehensively, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the positioning support assembly is used to provide limiting support during the loading of the circuit board 6. The positioning support assembly includes a top block 509. Top blocks 509 are fixed between the output ends of the two upper and lower opening cylinders 506 at the rear. The upper and lower top blocks 509 intermittently press against the rear walls of the upper conductive rail 404 and the lower lifting rail 405, respectively. When the circuit board limiting clamp 418 opens, the top block 509 supports the rear of the upper and lower edges of the circuit board 6. The pressure head length of the triangular pressure bar 507 and the support length of the top block 509 are the same as the length of the positioning groove 410, so that no matter how the spacing of the four circuit board limiting clamps 418 changes, the opening control of the triangular pressure bar 507 and the support of the top block 509 will not fail.

[0062] More comprehensively, such as Figure 2 and Figures 4-5As shown, drive motors 508 are fixed at both ends of the upper carrier plate 505 and at the left ends of the two rear upper and lower carrier plates 505. A drive tooth groove 417 is provided in the middle of the drive gear 414, and the drive tooth groove 417 is engaged with the output shaft of the drive motor 508 to control the side rail adaptive size adjustment component and the flexible side shielding component.

[0063] Working principle: When it is necessary to replace the circuit board 6 with one of different heights, the sliding drive block 502 drives the lifting support platform 504 to move up and down along the lifting guide rail 503, which drives the lower carrier plate 505, the clamping cylinder 506 and the top block 509 to move up and down synchronously, so that the position of the clamping assembly and the positioning support assembly adapts to the new PCB height. When the circuit board 6 is loaded into place, the clamping cylinder 506 pushes the triangular pressure rod 507 to move. The triangular pressure rod 507 presses the opening end of the circuit board limit clamp 418, triggering the limit clamp to open or close, thereby clamping or releasing the circuit board 6. At the same time, the top block 509 presses the upper conductive rail 404 and the rear wall of the lower lifting rail 405 to provide limit support and prevent the hanger from shaking during the loading of the circuit board 6. The drive motor 508 drives the drive gear 414 to rotate through the drive tooth groove 417, thereby realizing the width adjustment of the side rail adaptive size adjustment assembly.

[0064] In summary, this invention achieves significant technical effects through the following technological innovations: 1. Sidebar Adaptive Size Adjustment Component: Utilizing the head-to-tail engagement and folding transmission mechanism of the double-ended toothed connecting rod 415, the circuit board limit clamp 418 is driven to precisely adjust the clamping distance. Combined with the closed-loop control of the position detection sensor, the cumulative error of traditional independent adjustment is completely eliminated. 2. Flexible side shielding assembly: The bending point in the middle of the double-ended toothed connecting rod 415 is used as the driving point, so that the folding change of the connecting rod synchronously drives the directional support 419 to move, thereby flexibly adjusting the combined length, projection range and distance from the side edge of the shielding plate 421. At the same time, the staggered arrangement of the shielding plates 421 avoids adjustment interference and dead zone of the liquid flow field, realizing effective shielding of the electric field or flow field of the PCB side edge, preventing the edge plating layer from being too thick or the etching from being too excessive, and improving the uniformity of wet processing. III. Lifting adjustment and clamping control coordination: By utilizing the coordination of the lifting support platform 504, the clamping cylinder 506 and the triangular pressure bar 507, rapid line change and automated clamping control of PCB substrates of different sizes are realized, which greatly improves equipment utilization and production flexibility. IV. Automated loading and unloading of PCB substrates: By utilizing the omnidirectional robotic arm 301 and the loading suction cup 302, the automated loading and unloading of PCB substrates is achieved without manual intervention, which significantly improves production efficiency and operational safety.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing, characterized by, The utility model relates to a circuit board loading conveying belt (1), conveying system (2), circuit board loading manipulator (3), circuit board hanger (4), hanger open clamping range control mechanism (5) and circuit base plate (6), and the circuit board loading conveying belt (1), conveying system (2), circuit board loading manipulator (3), circuit board hanger (4) and hanger open clamping range control mechanism (5) are all installed on the rack of printed circuit board wet process production line, the circuit board loading conveying belt (1) is placed with circuit base plate (6), the driving circuit board hanger (4) is set up on conveying system (2), the circuit board loading manipulator (3) is set up between circuit board loading conveying belt (1) and conveying system (2); Wherein, the circuit board loading manipulator (3) is used for grabbing circuit base plate (6) and conveying to circuit board hanger (4); Wherein, the hanger open clamping range control mechanism (5) is cooperated with circuit board hanger (4), is used for controlling the clamping of circuit board hanger (4), release and the adjustment action of the clamping size and shielding distance of circuit base plate (6); Wherein, the circuit board hanger (4) includes side bar self -adaptation size adjusting assembly and flexible side edge shielding assembly, the side bar self -adaptation size adjusting assembly is used for according to the size self -adaptation adjustment side edge clamping spacing of circuit base plate (6), and the flexible side edge shielding assembly is used for according to the size adjustment edge electric field's shielding distance of circuit base plate (6). The circuit board loading manipulator (3) includes universal manipulator (301) and loading suction cup (302), and the end of the universal manipulator (301) is provided with the loading suction cup (302).

2. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit board hanger (4) includes transmission cooperation frame (401), conducting plate (402), positioning frame (403), upper conducting bar (404), lower lifting bar (405), lifting slider (406), lifting groove (407), translation groove (408) and side translation bar (409), the transmission cooperation frame (401) is slidably installed on the transmission system (2), the top of the transmission cooperation frame (401) is provided with the conducting plate (402), the front wall of the conducting plate (402) is provided with the positioning frame (403), the lower part of the conducting plate (402) is fixed with the upper conducting bar (404), the left wall and the right wall of the positioning frame (403) are symmetrically provided with the lifting groove (407) in the inner side, the lifting slider (406) is slidably installed in the two lifting grooves (407), the lower lifting bar (405) is fixed between the two lifting sliders (406), the upper part and the lower part of the positioning frame (403) are provided with the translation groove (408), one side of the positioning frame (403) is fixed, the other side is slidably installed with the side translation bar (409), and the side translation bar (409) on the sliding side is slidably installed in the translation groove (408) on the upper and lower ends of the positioning frame (403).

3. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circuit board hanger (4) further comprises a side bar self-adaptive size adjusting assembly installed on the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405), the side bar self-adaptive size adjusting assembly comprises a positioning sliding groove (410), a positioning sliding block (411), a fixed reference block (413), a mounting bayonet (412), a driving gear (414), a double-end toothed connecting rod (415), a transmission pin shaft (416) and a circuit board limiting clamp (418), the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405) are provided with the positioning sliding groove (410) which is horizontally opened in the inside and vertically opened in the two side translation bars (409), the four positioning sliding grooves (410) are slidably provided with three positioning sliding blocks (411) in the inside, the left part of the two horizontal positioning sliding grooves (410) and the upper part of the two vertical positioning sliding grooves (410) are provided with the fixed reference block (413), the left and right ends of the positioning sliding blocks (411) and the fixed reference blocks (413) in the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405) are fixedly provided with the mounting bayonet (412), the front end outer wall of the eight pairs of mounting bayonets (412) is fixedly provided with the circuit board limiting clamp (418), and the circuit board limiting clamp (418) intermittently clamps the top edge and the bottom edge of the circuit board (6), the rear wall of the fixed reference block (413) in the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405) and the front wall of the fixed reference block (413) in the two side translation bars (409) are rotatably provided with the driving gear (414), the fixed reference block (413) and the adjacent positioning sliding block (411) and the two adjacent positioning sliding blocks (411) are hingedly connected by the transmission pin shaft (416) and the double-end toothed connecting rod (415), the double-end toothed connecting rod (415) is hingedly connected by two connecting rods, the outer ends of the two connecting rods are provided with teeth, and the driving gear (414) is meshingly connected with the adjacent double-end toothed connecting rod (415) end.

5. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circuit board hanger (4) further comprises a flexible side edge shielding assembly installed on the two side translation bars (409), the flexible side edge shielding assembly comprises a directional support (419), a support rod (420) and a shielding plate (421), the middle part bending part of the double-end toothed connecting rod (415) on the side translation bar (409) is provided with the directional support (419), two support rods (420) are penetratingly arranged on each directional support (419), the shielding plate (421) is sleeved on the outer wall of the two support rods (420), the vertical positions of the three shielding plates (421) on the same side are staggered, and the shielding plate (421) is made of insulating material.

6. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hanger opening and clamping range control mechanism (5) comprises an opening and clamping assembly corresponding to the front wall positions of the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405), and a positioning and supporting assembly corresponding to the rear wall positions of the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405), the lower opening and clamping assembly and the lower positioning and supporting assembly are fixedly provided with a lifting adjusting assembly.

7. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the position of the opening and closing assembly and the positioning support assembly according to the change of the size of the circuit board, and comprises a mounting base plate (501), a sliding drive block (502), a lifting guide rail (503) and a lifting support table (504). The mounting base plate (501) is fixed on the frame of the printed circuit board wet processing production line, the inner side of the mounting base plate (501) is fixed with two sliding drive blocks (502), the mounting base plate (501) between the two sliding drive blocks (502) is fixed with the lifting guide rail (503), and the lifting support table (504) is slidingly installed between the two sliding drive blocks (502) and the lifting guide rail (503).

8. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly is used for triggering the opening or closing of the circuit board limiting clamp (418), and comprises a carrier plate (505), an opening and closing cylinder (506) and a triangular pressing rod (507). The upper two carrier plates (505) are fixed on the frame of the printed circuit board wet processing production line, and the lower two carrier plates (505) are fixed on the two lifting support tables (504) respectively. The upper part of the carrier plate (505) is fixedly installed with two opening and closing cylinders (506). The output ends of the two opening and closing cylinders (506) at the front upper part and the output ends of the two opening and closing cylinders (506) at the front lower part are fixed with triangular pressing rods (507), and the upper triangular pressing rod (507) and the lower triangular pressing rod (507) are intermittently pressed and contacted with the opening and closing ends of the upper four circuit board limiting clamps (418) and the lower four circuit board limiting clamps (418) respectively.

9. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning support assembly is used for providing limiting support during the loading of the circuit board (6), and comprises a top block (509). The output ends of the two opening and closing cylinders (506) at the rear upper part and the output ends of the two opening and closing cylinders (506) at the rear lower part are fixed with top blocks (509), and the upper top block (509) and the lower top block (509) are intermittently pressed and contacted with the rear walls of the upper conductive bar (404) and the lower lifting bar (405) respectively.

10. The self-adapting edge shield clamping device for printed circuit board wet processing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the upper carrier plate (505) and the left ends of the upper and lower carrier plates (505) at the rear part are fixed with drive motors (508), and the middle part of the driving gear (414) is provided with a driving tooth groove (417), and the driving tooth groove (417) is embedded with the output shaft of the drive motor (508).

Images