Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises: at least two cell strings, the cell string comprising a plurality of cell pieces arranged in series along a first direction, the at least two cell strings being arranged side by side along a second direction, and the lengths of the at least two cell strings along the first direction being equal; a first busbar extending along the second direction, the first busbar being arranged on a first side of the at least two cell strings; a third busbar extending along the second direction, the third busbar being arranged on a second side of the at least two cell strings; a second busbar extending along the second direction, the second busbar being electrically connected to a middle connecting point in each cell string passing through; and a jumper extending along the first direction, the jumper being connected between the second busbar and the third busbar. The photovoltaic module disclosed by the present application realizes the circuit bypass function under the condition that the cell strings are equal in length, and avoids the problems of poor compatibility and low production efficiency caused by the coexistence of long and short strings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation, as a green energy solution to replace fossil fuels, has been widely adopted. Photovoltaic solar cells convert light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic principle, and extract charge carriers through electrodes to achieve efficient utilization of electrical energy. With the rapid development of photovoltaic power plants, the demand for photovoltaic module efficiency and power is constantly increasing, leading to the emergence of multi-segment technology. By dividing the solar cells into multiple segments and then packaging them in series and parallel, the module power can be effectively improved.

[0003] Conventional multi-cell photovoltaic modules typically employ a three-cell structure, coupled with a three-cell junction box to bring out the circuitry and provide bypass functionality. In the traditional manufacturing process of three-cell modules, due to circuit layout requirements, it is necessary to fabricate cell strings of different lengths within the same module, requiring the separate preparation of short and long strings, which are then connected via an intermediate busbar. This coexistence of short and long strings places high demands on the compatibility of production equipment, requiring frequent switching between cell strings of different specifications. This not only impacts equipment capacity but also increases production complexity and manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a photovoltaic module that realizes the circuit bypass function when the battery strings are of equal length, avoiding the problems of poor compatibility and low production efficiency caused by the coexistence of long and short strings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application discloses a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising: At least two battery strings, each battery string comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged in series along a first direction, at least two battery strings arranged side by side along a second direction, at least two battery strings having equal lengths along the first direction, wherein the first direction intersects the second direction; A first busbar extends along the second direction, is disposed on a first side of at least two of the battery strings, and is connected to at least two of the battery strings; A third busbar extends along the second direction, is located on the second side of at least two of the battery strings, and is connected to at least one of the battery strings; The second busbar extends along the second direction and passes through a plurality of the battery strings. The second busbar is electrically connected to an intermediate connection point in each of the battery strings it passes through, the intermediate connection point being located between a first side and a second side of the battery string. A jumper wire extends along the first direction and connects the second busbar and the third busbar.

[0006] As an optional implementation, the plurality of battery strings are formed into a first power generation module and a second power generation module. The plurality of battery strings in the first power generation module are connected in parallel, and the plurality of battery strings in the second power generation module are connected in parallel. The first power generation module and the second power generation module are arranged along the second direction and connected in series with each other. There are two third busbars, which are respectively disposed in the first power generation module and the second power generation module. There are two jumper wires, which are respectively disposed in the first power generation module and the second power generation module. One end of each jumper wire is connected to the second busbar, and the second end of each jumper wire is connected to the two third busbars.

[0007] As an optional implementation, the photovoltaic module further includes: at least one junction box disposed at the jumper wire, the junction box having a diode disposed therein, the diode being used to provide a bypass current path from the second busbar to the third busbar when some of the cells in the battery string are shaded, the bypass current path bypassing the shaded cells.

[0008] As an optional implementation, the junction box includes a first junction box, a second junction box, and an intermediate junction box, wherein the first junction box and the second junction box are respectively disposed on the two jumper wires; the second bus bar includes a first bypass bus bar and a second bypass bus bar, the intermediate junction box is connected between the first bypass bus bar and the second bypass bus bar, and the intermediate junction box is respectively connected to the two jumper wires.

[0009] As an optional implementation, there is a spacing between adjacent battery cells in the battery string, the spacing being 0.1 to 20 mm; and / or, adjacent battery cells in the battery string are partially overlapped, the overlap distance between adjacent battery cells being 0.1 mm to 5 mm.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the battery string includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell, the first battery cell being located at a first end of the battery string along the first direction, and the second battery cell being located at a second end of the battery string along the first direction; the photovoltaic module further includes a first solder strip, a second solder strip, a third solder strip, and a fourth solder strip, the first solder strip being connected to the first battery cell, the second solder strip being connected to the second battery cell, the third solder strip being multiple in number, the multiple third solder strips being respectively disposed between and connected to two adjacent battery cells, the fourth solder strip being connected to two adjacent battery cells, and the fourth solder strip having an extension portion extending in the first direction, the extension portion being used to form the intermediate connection point for electrical connection with the second busbar.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the battery string includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the first battery cell is located at a first end of the battery string along the first direction, and the second battery cell is located at a second end of the battery string along the first direction; the photovoltaic module further includes a first solder strip, a second solder strip, and a third solder strip, wherein the first solder strip is connected to the first battery cell, the second solder strip is connected to the second battery cell, and there are multiple third solder strips, which are respectively disposed between and connected to two adjacent battery cells, wherein one or more of the third solder strips form the intermediate connection point.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the photovoltaic module includes a busbar structure disposed on the battery string, the busbar structure being located on a first side corresponding to the battery cell along the first direction, and the busbar structure being electrically connected to the corresponding intermediate connection point; and / or, the photovoltaic module includes a busbar structure disposed on the battery string, the busbar structure being located on a second side corresponding to the battery cell along the first direction, and the busbar structure being electrically connected to the corresponding intermediate connection point.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the busbar structure includes: a busbar body extending along the second direction, the busbar body being a first busbar, a second busbar, or a third busbar; and an insulating member disposed between the busbar body and the battery cell, the insulating member being used for electrical isolation.

[0014] As an alternative implementation, in two adjacent solar cells, the first cell's solder strip has an extension end extending above the second cell's solder strip in the thickness direction, the extension end being overlapped with the second cell's solder strip, and the second busbar being connected to the extension end.

[0015] In one optional implementation, the second busbar is connected to the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells, and the second busbar is located on the side of the extension end facing away from the solder strip of the second cell, with an insulating layer provided between the second busbar and the solder strip of the second cell; or, the second busbar is connected between the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells and the solder strip of the second cell, with the insulating layer provided between the busbar and the solder strip of the second cell.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the back of the battery cell is provided with an insulating member, the insulating member covering part of the solder strip, and the insulating member has a solder joint; the second busbar is disposed on the side of the insulating member opposite to the battery cell, and is electrically connected to the solder strip of the battery cell through the solder joint.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: The photovoltaic module provided in this application uses multiple cell strings of equal length, ensuring uniform specifications across all strings. This eliminates the need for frequent equipment switching during production to accommodate strings of varying lengths, improving equipment compatibility and production efficiency. By incorporating a second busbar electrically connected to the intermediate connection point of each cell string, and a jumper connecting the second and third busbars, a complete bypass circuit is constructed based on the equal length of all cell strings. This provides bypass protection against localized faults within the cell strings, avoiding the structural limitations of traditional solutions that rely on varying string lengths for bypassing. Furthermore, since the second busbar and jumper can be located on the back of the cells, no additional busbars or jumper structures need to be exposed on the front of the module, maintaining a clean and aesthetically pleasing appearance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module with a hidden jumper wire provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the battery string provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5This is a second schematic diagram of the battery string structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the battery string structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the battery string structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the battery string structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 One of the cross-sectional views of the busbar structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 A second cross-sectional view of the busbar structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the bus structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the bus structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Photovoltaic module; 1-Cell string; 11-Cell; 111-First cell; 112-Second cell; 2-First busbar; 3-Second busbar; 4-Third busbar; 5-Bridge wire; 6-Junction box; 61-First junction box; 62-Second junction box; 63-Intermediate junction box; 7-Solder strip; 71-First solder strip; 72-Second solder strip; 73-Third solder strip; 74-Fourth solder strip; 8-Bus structure; 81-Busbar body; 82-Insulating component; 821-Weld joint. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0023] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "equipped with," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] Photovoltaic modules can convert light energy (such as solar energy) into electrical energy, thereby realizing photovoltaic power generation. With the continuous development of the photovoltaic industry, the packaging form of photovoltaic modules is gradually upgrading from the traditional whole-cell packaging to two-cell, three-cell, four-cell, and even any number of multi-cell packaging.

[0027] Taking a three-cell package as an example, after the solar cells are manufactured, they are cut into three independent small cells. These independent small cells can be connected in series to form multiple cell strings, and then these cell strings can be connected in parallel to form a cell string assembly. Subsequently, through processes such as lamination, they can be made into photovoltaic modules.

[0028] This segmented packaging design reduces the operating current of individual cell segments. Taking a three-cell package as an example, the operating current of a single cell segment can be reduced by 2 / 3 compared to the operating current of the entire cell. Reducing the operating current of individual cell segments reduces the heat generated by each cell segment, lowers thermal resistance losses, and enables photovoltaic modules to achieve higher power generation and better heat resistance.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module in the prior art. The conventional three-cell structure, combined with a three-cell junction box, allows the circuitry to be led out and serves as a bypass. In the traditional manufacturing process of three-cell modules, due to circuit layout requirements, it is necessary to fabricate cell strings of different lengths within the same module. This requires the separate preparation of short and long strings, which are then connected by an intermediate busbar. This coexistence of short and long strings places high demands on the compatibility of production equipment, requiring frequent switching between cell strings of different specifications. This not only affects equipment capacity but also increases production complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0030] Based on this, this application discloses a photovoltaic module that achieves circuit bypass function when the battery strings are of equal length by setting a second busbar in the middle of the battery string and electrically connecting it to the intermediate connection point, and connecting it to a third busbar by means of a jumper wire. This avoids the problems of poor compatibility and low production efficiency caused by the coexistence of long and short strings.

[0031] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0032] Please see Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden jumper wire structure of the photovoltaic module 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the battery string 1 provided in the embodiments of this application. This application discloses a photovoltaic module 100, which includes: at least two battery strings 1, each battery string 1 comprising a plurality of battery cells 11 arranged in series along a first direction; at least two battery strings 1 arranged side-by-side along a second direction; the lengths of the at least two battery strings 1 along the first direction being equal; wherein the first direction intersects the second direction; a first busbar 2 extending along the second direction; the first busbar 2 being disposed on a first side of the at least two battery strings 1 and connected to the at least two battery strings 1; a third busbar... Busbar 4, the third busbar 4 extends along the second direction, the third busbar 4 is located on the second side of at least two of the battery strings 1, and the third busbar 4 is connected to at least one of the battery strings 1; second busbar 3, the second busbar 3 extends along the second direction and passes through a plurality of the battery strings 1, the second busbar 3 is electrically connected to an intermediate connection point in each of the battery strings 1 it passes through, the intermediate connection point being located between the first side and the second side of the battery string 1; jumper wire 5, the jumper wire 5 extends along the first direction, the jumper wire 5 is connected between the second busbar 3 and the third busbar 4.

[0033] The solar cell 11 can be a crystalline silicon heterojunction (HJT) solar cell 11 or a tunnel oxide passivated contact solar cell (TOPCON) solar cell 11. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the specific form of the solar cell 11.

[0034] The first direction and the second direction can be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. That is, the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be 90°, 88°, or 89°, etc.

[0035] Understandably, in order to simplify the structure of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 Only a portion of the battery cells 11 are shown. Multiple battery cells 11 may also be arranged in other numbers of columns and rows along the first and second directions. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of columns and rows arranged by multiple battery cells 11.

[0036] The solar cells 11 achieve high-density integration within a limited area, while accumulating voltage through series connection to provide a stable voltage output foundation for the photovoltaic module 100. The multi-row layout creates structural conditions for subsequent parallel current connection, enabling the module to improve its overall current output capability while maintaining voltage levels.

[0037] Specifically, the photovoltaic module 100 includes multiple cell strings 1, each cell string 1 consisting of multiple solar cells 11 arranged in a first direction connected in series. The multiple cell strings 1 are arranged in parallel along a second direction, and all cell strings 1 have the same length along the first direction. This layout design of equal-length strings eliminates the need to prepare cell strings 1 of different lengths during module production, thereby avoiding the high compatibility requirements on production equipment imposed by traditional solutions due to the coexistence of long and short strings, and improving utilization and production efficiency.

[0038] The first busbar 2 extends along the second direction and is located on the same side of the multiple battery strings 1. The first busbar 2 is connected to the first side of the multiple battery strings 1 in the first direction. The function of the first busbar 2 is to connect the first sides of the multiple battery strings 1 to form a current collection node, so that the current generated by each battery string 1 can be output centrally through the first busbar 2 or connected to other circuit components, providing the basic architecture for the overall circuit connection of the component.

[0039] The second busbar 3 extends along the second direction and passes through multiple battery strings 1. The second busbar 3 is electrically connected to the intermediate connection point in each battery string 1 it passes through. This intermediate connection point is located between the first and second sides of the battery string 1. The function of the second busbar 3 is to draw a current path from the middle position inside the battery string 1, providing a connection point for the construction of the bypass circuit. By setting the second busbar 3 in the middle of the battery string 1 and connecting it to the intermediate connection point of each string, a branch path of current can be formed inside the battery string 1. When some of the battery cells 11 in the battery string 1 cannot work normally due to obstruction or damage, the current can bypass the fault area through the second busbar 3 and continue to flow, thereby preventing the entire battery string from failing and realizing the bypass protection function of the component.

[0040] A second busbar 3 is installed at approximately one-third of the position inside the battery string 1. This ensures that the bypass lead-out point is located in the middle area of ​​the battery string 1, effectively covering the range of the battery cell 11 that may fail. It also avoids the problem of poor bypass effect caused by being too close to the end, thus providing a positional guarantee for the reliable operation of the bypass circuit.

[0041] The third busbar 4 extends along the second direction and is located on the same side of the plurality of battery strings 1. The third busbar 4 is connected to the second side of at least a portion of the battery strings 1 in the first direction. The function of the third busbar 4 is to connect the second side of the battery strings 1 to form another current gathering node corresponding to the first busbar 2. Together with the first busbar 2, it forms the current output path at both ends of the battery strings 1. At the same time, it serves as the end point of the bypass circuit, receiving the bypass current guided from the second busbar 3 through the jumper wire 5.

[0042] The jumper wire 5 extends along the first direction and connects the second busbar 3 and the third busbar 4. The function of the jumper wire 5 is to establish a current transmission path between the second busbar 3 and the third busbar 4, allowing the current drawn from the middle connection point of the battery string 1 to flow through the second busbar 3, the jumper wire 5, and finally into the third busbar 4, forming a complete bypass current path. The jumper wire 5 allows the bypass circuit to function without relying on differences in the length of the battery string 1, providing a crucial connection bridge for the bypass function of equal-length strings.

[0043] In practical use, when the photovoltaic module 100 is working normally, the current flows from the first side to the second side along the cell string 1. The first busbar 2 collects the current from the first side of each string, and the third busbar 4 collects the current from the second side of each string. The module outputs electrical energy through the external circuit. When some cells 11 in a certain cell string 1 cannot pass current normally due to shading, dirt, or damage, the fault area becomes a blockage point for current transmission. At this time, since the second busbar 3 is electrically connected to the middle connection point of the cell string 1, and the second busbar 3 is connected to the third busbar 4 through the jumper wire 5, the current can flow directly from upstream of the fault area through the second busbar 3 and the jumper wire 5 to the third busbar 4, bypassing the fault area, and then continue to be transmitted downstream. This avoids the failure of the entire cell string due to the fault, ensures that the module can still maintain a certain power output, and prevents the faulty cell 11 from overheating and being damaged due to continuous reverse voltage, thus achieving bypass protection for the module.

[0044] Based on the above scheme, the battery cells 11 constituting the battery string 1 adopt a back-contact battery structure, meaning that both the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 11 are located on its back side. With all electrodes of the back-contact battery located on the back side, the front of the battery cell 11 is unobstructed by any grid lines, maximizing the absorption of sunlight and improving power generation efficiency. Simultaneously, this structural characteristic provides crucial support for the circuit layout of this scheme: since the back of the battery cell has electrode lead-out conditions, conductive components such as the first busbar 2, the second busbar 3, the third busbar 4, and the jumper wire 5 can all be located on the back of the battery cell 11 and electrically isolated from the battery cell 11 body through insulating material. This back-side wiring method eliminates the need to expose any busbar structure on the front of the module, maintaining the integrity and aesthetics of the front side, while fully utilizing the back space of the back-contact battery, achieving a balance between high-density packaging and bypass functionality.

[0045] Thus, the photovoltaic module 100 provided in this application embodiment, by setting multiple cell strings 1 of equal length, ensures that all cell strings 1 have uniform specifications. During production, there is no need to frequently switch equipment to adapt to strings of different lengths, improving the compatibility and production efficiency of the production equipment. By setting a second busbar 3 electrically connected to the intermediate connection point of each cell string 1, and a jumper wire 5 connecting the second busbar 3 and the third busbar 4, a complete bypass circuit is constructed based on the equal length of all cell strings 1. This achieves bypass protection for local faults within the cell string 1, avoiding the structural limitation of traditional solutions that require strings of different lengths to achieve bypass. Simultaneously, since the second busbar 3 and jumper wire 5 can be located on the back of the cell 11, there is no need to expose additional busbars or jumper structures on the front of the module, maintaining a clean and aesthetically pleasing front surface.

[0046] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, multiple battery strings 1 are formed into a first power generation module and a second power generation module. The multiple battery strings 1 in the first power generation module are connected in parallel, and the multiple battery strings 1 in the second power generation module are connected in parallel. The first power generation module and the second power generation module are arranged along a second direction and connected in series with each other. There are two third busbars 4, which are respectively disposed in the first power generation module and the second power generation module. There are two jumper wires 5, which are respectively disposed in the first power generation module and the second power generation module. One end of each jumper wire 5 is connected to the second busbar 3, and the second end of each jumper wire 5 is connected to the two third busbars 4.

[0047] By dividing the battery string 1 into a first power generation module and a second power generation module connected in parallel, and arranging the two power generation modules in series along the second direction, a circuit topology combining series and parallel connections is formed. This layout can optimize the voltage and current distribution inside the components, and achieve higher output power and more balanced electrical performance while maintaining the same string length.

[0048] There are two third busbars 4, one for the first power generation module and one for the second power generation module. The two third busbars 4 provide each power generation module with an independent current collection node, enabling the collection of current from the second side of the battery string 1 within each module. This avoids current interference between different power generation modules and provides a clear interface for subsequent connection to the jumper wire 5, simplifying circuit layout and improving the stability of current transmission.

[0049] Two jumper wires 5 are provided, one for the first power generation module and one for the second power generation module. One end of each jumper wire 5 is connected to the second busbar 3, and the other end is connected to the two third busbars 4. This arrangement of two jumper wires 5 ensures that each of the first and second power generation modules has an independent bypass current path. When a partial fault occurs in the battery string 1 within a power generation module, the jumper wire 5 of that module can independently bypass the current in the faulty area from the second busbar 3 to the corresponding third busbar 4, without affecting the normal operation of the other power generation module. This modular independent bypass design improves the targeting and reliability of bypass protection, preventing a single fault point from having an excessive impact on the entire assembly.

[0050] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes at least one junction box 6 disposed on the jumper wire 5, and a diode disposed therein, the diode being used to provide a bypass current path from the second bus bar 3 to the third bus bar 4 when a portion of the cells 11 of the cell string 1 is shaded, the bypass current path bypassing the shaded cells 11.

[0051] Junction box 6, as a key packaging unit of the bypass circuit, provides physical support and protection for the diodes, while also providing a standard interface for the connection between jumper wire 5 and external circuits. By placing junction box 6 within jumper wire 5, the bypass function can be modularized, facilitating production assembly and subsequent maintenance. Furthermore, centralized packaging of bypass components effectively prevents external environmental factors from corroding sensitive components such as diodes, improving the long-term reliability of the assembly.

[0052] A diode is installed inside the junction box 6. This diode provides a bypass current path from the second busbar 3 to the third busbar 4 when some of the battery cells 11 in the battery string 1 are blocked. As a unidirectional conducting device, the diode is in the off state under normal operating conditions, allowing current to flow normally along the battery string 1. When some of the battery cells 11 are blocked, the blocked area becomes reverse biased, and the diode automatically conducts, providing a bypass path for the current. The introduction of the diode enables automatic triggering of the bypass protection function, responding to fault conditions without external control signals, significantly improving the safety and response speed of the component.

[0053] The bypass current path bypasses the shaded solar cell 11. Through the bypass path conducted by the diode, the current that was originally trapped in the shaded solar cell 11 can bypass the fault area and continue to be transmitted downstream, preventing the shaded solar cell 11 from overheating and being damaged due to excessive reverse voltage, while maintaining the normal operation of the rest of the module. This allows the module to maintain most of its power output even if it is partially shaded or contaminated, improving the module's power generation performance and reliability under complex lighting conditions.

[0054] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the junction box 6 includes a first junction box 61, a second junction box 62, and an intermediate junction box 63. The first junction box 61 and the second junction box 62 are respectively disposed on two jumper wires 5. The second bus bar 3 includes a first bypass bus bar and a second bypass bus bar. The intermediate junction box 63 is connected between the first bypass bus bar and the second bypass bus bar, and the intermediate junction box 63 is respectively connected to the two jumper wires 5.

[0055] The junction box 6 in the photovoltaic module 100 includes a first junction box 61, a second junction box 62, and an intermediate junction box 63. The coordinated arrangement of the three junction boxes 6 constructs a multi-level, zoned bypass protection network. The first junction box 61 and the second junction box 62 are respectively located on two jumper wires 5, so that each power generation module's jumper wire 5 is equipped with an independent junction box 6, which can provide bypass protection for the battery strings 1 in the first and second power generation modules respectively. When a battery string 1 in a power generation module experiences partial shading or a fault, the diode in the corresponding junction box 6 of that power generation module can respond independently, conducting bypass current without triggering the junction box 6 of the other power generation module to operate. This achieves zoned independent control of bypass protection and improves the accuracy of fault response.

[0056] The second busbar 3 includes a first bypass busbar and a second bypass busbar. An intermediate junction box 63 connects the first and second bypass busbars and is connected to two jumper wires 5. The first and second bypass busbars, as components of the second busbar 3, correspond to the bypass current collection points of the first and second power generation modules, respectively. The intermediate junction box 63 establishes an electrical connection channel between the two bypass busbars and connects to the two jumper wires 5. When a fault in a power generation module necessitates bypassing, the intermediate junction box 63 can work in conjunction with either the first junction box 61 or the second junction box 62 to provide a path for current transmission across power generation modules, enabling more flexible bypass path selection.

[0057] The intermediate junction box 63 is connected to two jumper wires 5 respectively. This structure allows the two jumper wires 5 to form an electrical connection node through the intermediate junction box 63. When both sides of the module experience faults simultaneously or a wider range of bypass protection is required, the intermediate junction box 63 can coordinate the bypass actions on both sides, providing a bypass current transmission channel across modules and preventing the escalation of local faults. The first junction box 61, the second junction box 62, and the intermediate junction box 63 cooperate with each other to form a hierarchical bypass protection system. The first junction box 61 and the second junction box 62 are responsible for the independent bypass within each power generation module, while the intermediate junction box 63 is responsible for the bypass coordination and connection across modules. This multi-junction box 6 layout not only improves the redundancy and reliability of bypass protection but also reduces the burden on individual junction boxes 6 through independent zone control, which is beneficial for heat dissipation and extending the life of junction boxes 6. At the same time, it provides greater flexibility and scalability for module circuit design.

[0058] In some embodiments, adjacent cells 11 within the battery string 1 are spaced apart, with a spacing of 0.1 to 20 mm. This spacing provides a physical buffer space between the cells 11. When the module is subjected to mechanical stress or thermal expansion and contraction, the spacing between adjacent cells 11 can absorb some deformation, reducing compression damage caused by direct contact between cells 11 and lowering the risk of microcracks or breakage. Simultaneously, an appropriate spacing provides operational space for the connection of the solder ribbon 7, facilitating the implementation of the welding process and ensuring a reliable connection between the solder ribbon 7 and the electrodes of the cell 11. Furthermore, the spacing facilitates airflow within the module, promoting heat dissipation, reducing localized heat accumulation in the cells 11 due to hot spot effects, and improving the module's operational stability in high-temperature environments. When the spacing is within the range of 0.1 to 20 mm, a good balance can be achieved between ensuring module packaging density and power output, without excessively sacrificing power generation area, while also ensuring process and reliability.

[0059] Alternatively, in some embodiments, adjacent cells 11 within the cell string 1 partially overlap, with an overlap distance of 0.1mm to 5mm between adjacent cells 11. This partially overlapping negative spacing design allows for more cells 11 to be accommodated within the same module area, increasing the module's encapsulation density and power output per unit area. The overlapping area shortens the current transmission distance between adjacent cells 11, reducing the length of the solder ribbon 7 and resistance loss, thus contributing to improved overall module power generation efficiency. When the overlap distance is controlled within the range of 0.1mm to 5mm, it ensures effective electrical connection while avoiding mechanical interference or microcrack risks caused by excessive overlap. The overlapping design also simplifies the layout of the solder ribbon 7, reduces its usage, and lowers material costs and process complexity. Compared to the positive spacing scheme, the negative spacing overlapping design achieves higher encapsulation density by sacrificing some of the overlapping area on the back of the cells 11, making it suitable for applications with higher power density requirements and providing flexible options for diverse photovoltaic module 100 designs. Both spacing schemes are compatible with the aforementioned busbar layout and bypass circuit, enabling optimized configuration under different application requirements.

[0060] Please see Figure 4In some embodiments, the battery string 1 includes a first battery cell 111 and a second battery cell 112. The first battery cell 111 is located at a first end of the battery string 1 along a first direction, and the second battery cell 112 is located at a second end of the battery string 1 along the first direction. The photovoltaic module 100 also includes a first solder ribbon 71, a second solder ribbon 72, a third solder ribbon 73, and a fourth solder ribbon 74. The first solder ribbon 71 is connected to the first battery cell 111, the second solder ribbon 72 is connected to the second battery cell 112, and there are multiple third solder ribbons 73. The multiple third solder ribbons 73 are respectively disposed between two adjacent battery cells 11 and connected to the two adjacent battery cells 11. The fourth solder ribbon 74 connects two adjacent battery cells 11 and has an extension extending in the first direction. The extension is used to form an intermediate connection point for electrical connection with the second busbar 3.

[0061] The first solder strip 71 serves as a dedicated lead-out solder strip 7 on the first side of the battery string 1, connecting to the first busbar 2 to introduce or draw current from the battery string 1. The second solder strip 72 serves as a dedicated lead-out solder strip 7 on the second side of the battery string 1, connecting to the third busbar 4 to collect current at the other end of the battery string 1. The arrangement of the first solder strip 71 and the second solder strip 72 allows the battery string 1 to have an independent lead-out structure at the end, without occupying the position of the intermediate solder strip 7, ensuring the reliability of the end connection and the convenience of the process.

[0062] The third solder strip 73 is the basic structure for connecting multiple battery cells 11 in series within the battery string 1. Each third solder strip 73 is responsible for connecting two adjacent battery cells 11, forming a continuous current transmission channel, allowing current to flow sequentially through all battery cells 11 along the first direction, thus completing the construction of the series circuit. The uniform distribution of multiple third solder strips 73 ensures the continuity and stability of the current path within the battery string 1.

[0063] In addition to its basic function of connecting adjacent battery cells 11, the fourth solder strip 74 provides an external interface via an extension. This extension serves as a central connection point within the battery string 1, connecting to the second busbar 3. The design of the fourth solder strip 74 allows for a pre-set bypass exit point within the battery string 1 without increasing its length, providing a structural basis for the second busbar 3 to connect to the middle position of the battery string 1. Through the extension of the fourth solder strip 74, the second busbar 3 can establish an electrical connection with the inside of the battery string 1, thereby forming an entry point for bypass current in the middle of the battery string 1, creating conditions for constructing a bypass circuit. The presence of the fourth solder strip 74 enables the battery string 1 to draw current from the middle position while maintaining its overall length, thus maintaining the uniform specifications of equal-length strings and providing the necessary structural support for the bypass function.

[0064] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the battery string 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, the battery string 1 includes a first battery cell 111 and a second battery cell 112. The first battery cell 111 is the battery cell 11 located at the first end of the battery string 1 along the first direction, and the second battery cell 112 is the battery cell 11 located at the second end of the battery string 1 along the first direction. The photovoltaic module 100 also includes a first solder ribbon 71, a second solder ribbon 72, and a third solder ribbon 73. The first solder ribbon 71 is connected to the first battery cell 111, the second solder ribbon 72 is connected to the second battery cell 112, and there are multiple third solder ribbons 73. Multiple third solder ribbons 73 are respectively disposed between two adjacent battery cells 11 and connected to the two adjacent battery cells 11. One or more of the third solder ribbons 73 form an intermediate connection point.

[0065] The first solder strip 71 serves as a dedicated lead-out solder strip 7 on the first side of the battery string 1, connecting to the first busbar 2 to introduce or draw current from the battery string 1. The second solder strip 72 serves as a dedicated lead-out solder strip 7 on the second side of the battery string 1, connecting to the third busbar 4 to collect current at the other end of the battery string 1. The arrangement of the first solder strip 71 and the second solder strip 72 allows the battery string 1 to have an independent lead-out structure at the end, without occupying the position of the intermediate solder strip 7, ensuring the reliability and process convenience of the end connection, while providing a clear endpoint definition for the overall circuit layout of the battery string 1.

[0066] The third solder strip 73 is the basic structure for connecting multiple battery cells 11 in series within the battery string 1. Each third solder strip 73 is responsible for connecting two adjacent battery cells 11, forming a continuous current transmission channel, allowing current to flow sequentially through all battery cells 11 along the first direction, thus completing the construction of the series circuit. The uniform distribution of multiple third solder strips 73 ensures the continuity and stability of the current path within the battery string 1, ensuring that each battery cell 11 can effectively participate in power generation and current transmission.

[0067] By selecting one or more of the third solder strips 73, which serve as the connection points between adjacent battery cells 11, and electrically connecting them to the second busbar 3, the battery string 1 can have a pre-set bypass lead-out point inside the string without increasing the number of additional solder strips 7. This provides a structural basis for the second busbar 3 to be connected to the middle position of the battery string 1. Through the intermediate connection point formed by the extension of the third solder strip 73, the second busbar 3 can establish an electrical connection with the inside of the battery string 1, thereby forming an entry point for bypass current in the middle of the battery string 1, creating conditions for constructing a bypass circuit.

[0068] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 8 , Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the battery string 1 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8This is the fifth schematic diagram of the structure of the battery string provided in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a current-charging structure 8 disposed in the middle of the battery string 1, and the current-charging structure 8 is located on the first side of the corresponding battery cell 11 along the first direction.

[0069] The photovoltaic module 100 includes a busbar structure 8 disposed on the cell string 1, located on the first side of the corresponding cell 11 along a first direction. By placing the busbar structure 8 on the first side of the cell 11 along the first direction, i.e., the left or right side of the cell 11, the busbar structure 8 can avoid obstructing the main light-receiving area on the front of the cell 11, thus preventing shading of the front of the cell 11 and helping to maintain the cleanliness of the front of the module and the light-receiving area. The design of the busbar structure 8 being located on the first side of the cell 11 also facilitates direct connection with the intermediate connection point led out from the first side of the cell 11, shortening the connection path and reducing current transmission loss. At the same time, concentrating the busbar structures 8 on the same side of the cell 11 facilitates the spatial alignment of the busbar structures 8 of multiple cell strings 1, facilitating the unified connection of the jumper wires 5 and the overall wiring, and simplifying the internal structure of the module.

[0070] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the battery string 1 provided in this application embodiment. In some other embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a bus structure 8 disposed on the battery string 1, the bus structure 8 being located on the second side of the corresponding battery cell 11 along the first direction. By disposing the bus structure 8 on the second side of the battery cell 11 along the first direction, i.e., the other side of the battery cell 11, flexible layout options are provided for the module design. When the module spatial layout or the routing direction of the jumper wire 5 requires it, the bus structure 8 can be arranged on the second side of the battery cell 11 to adapt to different circuit topologies and spatial constraints. The design of the bus structure 8 being located on the second side of the battery cell 11 can also avoid the light-receiving area on the front of the battery cell 11, keeping the front of the module clean and aesthetically pleasing.

[0071] In some embodiments, the busbar structure 8 includes: a busbar body 81 extending along a second direction, the busbar body 81 being a first busbar 2, a second busbar 3, or a third busbar 4; and an insulating member 82 disposed between the busbar body 81 and the battery cell 11, the insulating member 82 being used for electrical isolation.

[0072] The busbar body 81 extends along the second direction. As the main part of the busbar structure 8, the busbar body 81 undertakes the core function of collecting current. Through its strip-shaped structure extending along the second direction, it can simultaneously establish electrical connections with the intermediate connection points of multiple battery strings 1, realizing centralized collection and transmission of current. At the same time, the extension of the busbar body 81 along the second direction allows it to span multiple battery strings 1, forming a unified bypass current collecting trunk line, providing a clear connection interface for the jumper wire 5, and facilitating the orderly layout of the internal circuitry of the component.

[0073] An insulating component 82 is disposed between the busbar body 81 and the solar cell 11, serving as electrical isolation. Because the busbar body 81 and the back of the solar cell 11 are close together, and electrodes and circuits are located on the back of the solar cell 11, direct contact between the busbar body 81 and the solar cell 11 could lead to a short circuit, affecting the normal operation of the module and potentially causing a safety accident. The insulating component 82 forms a reliable physical isolation layer between the busbar body 81 and the solar cell 11, effectively preventing electrical contact between them and ensuring that the busbar body 81 does not accidentally conduct to the circuitry on the back of the solar cell 11 while transmitting current. The insulating component 82 can be made of materials with good insulating properties, such as polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate. Its thickness and coverage area can be designed according to the relative positions of the busbar body 81 and the solar cell 11, minimizing space occupation while ensuring insulation effectiveness.

[0074] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 One of the cross-sectional views of the bus structure 8 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a second cross-sectional view of the busbar structure 8 provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, in two adjacent battery cells 11, the first cell's solder strip 7 has an extension end extending above the thickness direction of the second cell's solder strip 7, the extension end being stacked with the second cell's solder strip 7, and the second busbar 3 being connected to the extension end.

[0075] The extension end of the first solder strip 7 extends above the thickness of the second solder strip 7, forming an overlapping arrangement. This overlapping structure between the extension end and the second solder strip 7 achieves a reliable electrical connection between the solder strips 7 of adjacent cells 11. Simultaneously, the extension end, as a prominent connection point, provides a clear location marker for the connection of the second busbar 3. Compared to traditional side-by-side connections or end-to-end connections, this overlapping arrangement offers a larger contact area and better connection stability, which helps reduce contact resistance and improve current transmission efficiency.

[0076] By directly connecting the second busbar 3 to the extension end of the first solder strip 7, an electrical connection with the second busbar 3 can be achieved using the existing solder strip 7 structure without increasing the number of additional solder strips 7. The extension end, as a protruding part of the solder strip 7, provides a connection interface that facilitates welding or crimping, allowing the second busbar 3 to easily connect to the inside of the battery string 1 without requiring a dedicated lead-out structure for the second busbar 3, thus simplifying the design and manufacturing process of the battery string 1.

[0077] The extended end is located above the second solder strip 7. The stacked structure formed by the two can support and constrain each other when subjected to external forces or thermal stress, reducing the relative displacement between the solder strip 7 and the battery cell 11, and lowering the risk of solder joint cracking or solder strip 7 detachment. At the same time, this stacked structure ensures that the connection point of the second busbar 3 is located above the stack of solder strip 7, avoiding direct contact between the second busbar 3 and the surface of the battery cell 11, and reducing the risk of microcracks caused by the busbar pressing on the battery cell 11.

[0078] Please see Figure 9 In some embodiments, the second busbar 3 is connected to the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells 11, and the second busbar 3 is located on the side of the extension end opposite to the solder strip 7 of the second cell, and an insulating layer is provided between the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7 of the second cell.

[0079] The second busbar 3 is connected to the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells 11. By directly connecting the second busbar 3 to the extension end of the first solder strip 7, the extension structure of the solder strip 7 itself can be used as a connection interface, eliminating the need for additional lead-out components for the second busbar 3. This simplifies the structural design of the battery string 1 and reduces manufacturing costs. The extension end, as a protruding part of the solder strip 7, provides a connection area that facilitates welding or crimping, enabling the second busbar 3 to establish a stable electrical connection with the inside of the battery string 1 and ensuring that bypass current can be reliably drawn out from the middle of the battery string 1.

[0080] The second busbar 3 is located on the side of the extension end opposite to the solder strip 7 of the second component. By arranging the second busbar 3 on this side of the extension end, the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7 of the second component are located on opposite sides of the extension end, avoiding possible direct contact between the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7. This layout provides space for an insulating layer between them, while allowing the second busbar 3 to extend more freely along the first or second direction, facilitating connection with the jumper 5 or other circuit elements and improving the flexibility of internal wiring within the component.

[0081] An insulating layer is provided between the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7. This insulating layer plays a crucial role in electrical isolation. Since the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7 are located on opposite sides of the extension end and are relatively close, direct contact between them could lead to a short circuit, affecting the normal operation of the component. The insulating layer effectively prevents electrical contact, ensuring that the second busbar 3 does not accidentally conduct with the solder strip 7 while transmitting current, thus guaranteeing the safe operation of the circuit. The insulating layer can be made of a material with good insulating properties, such as polyimide film or insulating tape. Its thickness and coverage area can be designed according to the relative positions of the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7, minimizing space occupation while ensuring insulation effectiveness.

[0082] Please see Figure 10 In other embodiments, the second busbar 3 is connected between the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells 11 and the solder strip 7 of the second, and an insulating layer is provided between the busbar and the solder strip 7 of the second.

[0083] By positioning the second busbar 3 between the first extension end and the second solder strip 7, the gap space between them can be fully utilized, allowing the second busbar 3 to achieve electrical connection with the inside of the battery string 1 without additionally occupying the back surface area of ​​the battery cell 11. This layout allows the second busbar 3 to be embedded inside the connection area of ​​adjacent battery cells 11, avoiding interference problems that may be caused by the busbar protruding outwards, which is beneficial for compact arrangement and high-density packaging within the module. At the same time, the second busbar 3 is located between the first extension end and the second solder strip 7, enabling it to form an electrical connection with the first extension end simultaneously, providing a channel for the bypass current to be drawn out.

[0084] The insulating layer plays a crucial role in electrical isolation. Since the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7 are adjacent and close together, direct contact between them could lead to a short circuit, affecting the normal operation of the components. The insulating layer, located between the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7, effectively prevents electrical contact between them, ensuring that the second busbar 3 does not accidentally conduct electricity with the solder strip 7 while transmitting current, thus guaranteeing the safe operation of the circuit. The insulating layer can be made of materials with good insulating properties, such as polyimide film or insulating tape. Its thickness and coverage area can be designed according to the relative positions of the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7, minimizing space occupation while ensuring insulation effectiveness.

[0085] Please see Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the bus structure 8 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12This is a second schematic diagram of the busbar structure 8 provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, an insulating member 82 is provided on the back side of the battery cell 11, the insulating member 82 covers part of the solder strip 7, and the insulating member 82 has a welding port 821; the second busbar 3 is disposed on the side of the insulating member 82 away from the battery cell 11, and is electrically connected to the solder strip 7 of the battery cell 11 through the welding port 821.

[0086] The insulating component 82 covers most of the back surface of the battery cell 11 and part of the solder strip 7, forming a physical isolation layer between the back surface of the battery cell 11 and subsequent conductive components such as busbars, effectively preventing accidental short circuits. The insulating component 82 is made of a material with excellent insulating properties, reliably isolating the circuitry on the back surface of the battery cell 11 from external components, providing a safety guarantee for the back surface layout of the busbars. The solder joint 821 on the insulating component 82 provides an exposed area for the solder strip 7, allowing it to be electrically connected to external components. This ensures that the insulating component 82 covers and protects most of the area while providing a pathway for necessary electrical connections, achieving a balance between insulation protection and electrical connectivity.

[0087] The second busbar 3 is positioned on the side of the insulator 82 away from the battery cell 11, so that the insulator 82 is located between the second busbar 3 and the battery cell 11. This reliably isolates the circuitry on the back of the second busbar 3 and the battery cell 11, preventing short circuits caused by direct contact. The second busbar 3 is electrically connected to the solder strip 7 of the battery cell 11 through a solder joint 821. By using the exposed solder strip 7 at the solder joint 821 as a connection point, the second busbar 3 can establish an electrical connection with the inside of the battery string 1, realizing the bypass current extraction function.

[0088] The insulating element 82 covers most of the back surface of the solar cell 11, providing a safe laying platform for the second busbar 3. This allows the second busbar 3 to be reliably installed on the back surface of the solar cell 11 without the risk of short circuits, providing a structural basis for concealing the busbar on the back surface. The weld joint 821 allows for electrical connection between the second busbar 3 and the solder strip 7 even when covered by the insulating element 82, ensuring the integrity of the insulation protection and providing a precise interface location for the electrical connection. The weld joint 821 can be precisely positioned above a specific solder strip 7 as needed, allowing the second busbar 3 to selectively connect to the target solder strip 7 and avoiding accidental contact with other solder strips 7.

[0089] During component assembly, the second busbar 3 can be precisely positioned according to the location of the welding joint 821, ensuring accurate alignment and connection with the target solder strip 7, reducing the risk of assembly errors and poor contact. Simultaneously, the partial coverage of the solder strip 7 by the insulating component 82 provides a certain degree of fixation and protection, reducing displacement or damage to the solder strip 7 in subsequent processes. Through the combination of the insulating component 82 covering and the welding joint 821, the dual functions of effective protection and selective connection of the back of the solar cell 11 are achieved.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes: At least two battery strings, each battery string comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged in series along a first direction, at least two battery strings arranged side by side along a second direction, at least two battery strings having equal lengths along the first direction, wherein the first direction intersects the second direction; A first busbar extends along the second direction, is disposed on a first side of at least two of the battery strings, and is connected to at least two of the battery strings; A third busbar extends along the second direction, is located on the second side of at least two of the battery strings, and is connected to at least one of the battery strings; The second busbar extends along the second direction and passes through a plurality of the battery strings. The second busbar is electrically connected to an intermediate connection point in each of the battery strings it passes through, the intermediate connection point being located between a first side and a second side of the battery string. A jumper wire extends along the first direction and connects the second busbar and the third busbar.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple battery strings are formed into a first power generation module and a second power generation module. Multiple battery strings in the first power generation module are connected in parallel, and multiple battery strings in the second power generation module are connected in parallel. The first power generation module and the second power generation module are arranged along the second direction and connected in series with each other. The number of the third busbars is two, and the two third busbars are respectively disposed in the first power generation module and the second power generation module; The number of jumper wires is two, and the two jumper wires are respectively disposed in the first power generation module and the second power generation module. One end of each of the two jumper wires is connected to the second bus bar, and the second end of each of the two jumper wires is connected to the two third bus bars.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes: At least one junction box is disposed at the jumper wire, and a diode is provided in the junction box for providing a bypass current path from the second bus bar to the third bus bar when some of the battery cells in the battery string are blocked, the bypass current path bypassing the blocked battery cells.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The junction box includes a first junction box, a second junction box, and an intermediate junction box. The first junction box and the second junction box are respectively disposed on the two jumper wires. The second bus bar includes a first bypass bus bar and a second bypass bus bar. The intermediate junction box is connected between the first bypass bus bar and the second bypass bus bar, and the intermediate junction box is connected to the two jumper wires respectively.

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The adjacent battery cells within the battery string are spaced apart, the spacing being 0.1~20mm; and / or, The adjacent battery cells in the battery string are partially overlapped, and the overlap distance between adjacent battery cells is 0.1mm to 5mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery string includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the first battery cell is located at a first end of the battery string along the first direction, and the second battery cell is located at a second end of the battery string along the first direction. The photovoltaic module further includes a first solder strip, a second solder strip, a third solder strip, and a fourth solder strip. The first solder strip is connected to the first solar cell, the second solder strip is connected to the second solar cell, and there are multiple third solder strips. The multiple third solder strips are respectively disposed between two adjacent solar cells and connected to the two adjacent solar cells. The fourth solder strip connects two adjacent solar cells and has an extension portion extending in the first direction. The extension portion is used to form the intermediate connection point for electrical connection with the second busbar.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery string includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the first battery cell is located at a first end of the battery string along the first direction, and the second battery cell is located at a second end of the battery string along the first direction. The photovoltaic module further includes a first solder strip, a second solder strip, and a third solder strip. The first solder strip is connected to the first solar cell, the second solder strip is connected to the second solar cell, and there are multiple third solder strips. The multiple third solder strips are respectively disposed between two adjacent solar cells and connected to the two adjacent solar cells. One or more of the third solder strips form the intermediate connection point.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a busbar structure disposed on the battery string, the busbar structure being located on a first side of the corresponding battery cell along the first direction; and / or, The photovoltaic module includes a busbar structure disposed on the battery string, the busbar structure being located on the second side of the corresponding battery cell along the first direction.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bus structure includes: The busbar body extends along the second direction, and the busbar body is the first busbar, the second busbar, or the third busbar; An insulating element is disposed between the busbar body and the battery cell, and the insulating element is used for electrical isolation.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The back of the battery cell is provided with an insulating component, which covers part of the welding strip and has a welding joint. The second busbar is disposed on the side of the insulating member opposite to the battery cell and is electrically connected to the welding strip of the battery cell through the welding joint.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, In two adjacent battery cells, the first cell's solder strip has an extension end that extends above the second cell's solder strip in the thickness direction. The extension end overlaps with the second cell's solder strip, and the second busbar is connected to the extension end.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second busbar is connected to the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells, and the second busbar is located on the side of the extension end away from the solder strip of the second cell. An insulating layer is provided between the second busbar and the solder strip of the second cell. or, The second busbar connects the extension end of the first of two adjacent battery cells and the solder strip of the second cell, and an insulating layer is provided between the busbar and the solder strip of the second cell.

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