Subarray multiplexing

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network node can select, from an antenna array having a plurality of antenna elements, a first set of antenna elements comprising antenna elements from the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than all of the plurality of antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having a different combination of the plurality of antenna elements than the first set of antenna elements. The network node can communicate a first downlink communication to a first user equipment (UE) using the first set of antenna elements and communicate a second downlink communication to a second UE using the second set of antenna elements and concurrently with the first downlink communication. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and more particularly to techniques, apparatus and methods for subarray multiplexing. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of services, including voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other services. Services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, etc. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, spatial-domain resources, and / or device transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access RATs include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0003] The aforementioned Multiple Access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunications standard is New Radio (NR). NR (also known as 5G) is part of the continuous evolution of mobile broadband announced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) can be designed to better support the deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) and degraded-capacity devices, industrial connectivity, millimeter-wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployment, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (e.g., cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), decomposed network architectures and network topology expansion, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, and more. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to NR can be implemented, and other radio access technologies (such as 6G) can be introduced to further advance mobile broadband evolution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: selecting, from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set having a plurality of antenna elements in combinations different from those of the first set. The method may include: using the first set of antenna elements to communicate first downlink communication to a first user equipment (UE). The method may include: using the second set of antenna elements to concurrently communicate second downlink communication to a second UE in conjunction with the first downlink communication.

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication by a UE. The method may include: receiving a measurement configuration instructing the use of one or more reference signals (RS) to generate one or more per-port measurements, the one or more per-port measurements being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. The method may also include: transmitting a measurement report instructing the one or more per-port measurements.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication by a UE. The method may include: receiving an indication of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements. The method may include: calculating a measurement metric using at least one of the one or more power offsets, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to select from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having a plurality of antenna elements in combinations different from those in the first set of antenna elements. The one or more processors may be configured to use the first set of antenna elements to communicate first downlink communication to a first UE. The one or more processors may be configured to use the second set of antenna elements to concurrently communicate second downlink communication to a second UE in conjunction with the first downlink communication.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a measurement configuration instructing the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurements, the one or more per-port measurements being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit a measurement report instructing the one or more per-port measurements.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to receive indications of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements. The one or more processors may be configured to calculate a measurement metric using at least one of the one or more power offsets, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions enables the network node to select from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set having a plurality of antenna elements in combinations different from the first set of antenna elements. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions enables the network node to use the first set of antenna elements to communicate a first downlink communication to a first UE. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions enables the network node to use the second set of antenna elements to concurrently communicate a second downlink communication to a second UE in conjunction with the first downlink communication.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to receive a measurement configuration instructing the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurements, the one or more per-port measurements being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to transmit a measurement report instructing the one or more per-port measurements.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to receive indications of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions enables the UE to calculate a measurement metric using at least one of the one or more power offsets, wherein the multiple antenna elements comprise multiple sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations within the multiple sets of antenna element combinations.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for selecting, from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, a first set of antenna elements including one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, and a second set of antenna elements including one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having a plurality of antenna elements in combinations different from those of the first set of antenna elements. The apparatus may include means for using the first set of antenna elements to communicate first downlink communication to a first UE. The apparatus may include means for using the second set of antenna elements to concurrently communicate second downlink communication to a second UE in conjunction with the first downlink communication.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for receiving a measurement configuration instructing the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurements, the one or more per-port measurements being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements. The apparatus may also include components for transmitting a measurement report instructing the one or more per-port measurements.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for receiving indications of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements. The apparatus may include components for calculating a measurement metric using at least one of the one or more power offsets, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations within the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0016] Various aspects of this disclosure may be implemented or be implemented as described in whole by or embodied in the methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network nodes, network entities, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described in the specification and drawings and illustrated in the specification and drawings.

[0017] The preceding paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of this disclosure. These and additional aspects and their associated advantages will be described below. The disclosed aspects can serve as the basis for modifying or designing other aspects for performing the same or similar purposes of this disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, their organization and operation, and their associated advantages will be better understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings illustrate some aspects of this disclosure but do not limit its scope, as other aspects can be achieved by this description. Each drawing in the drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a definition of limitation of the claims. Identical or similar reference numerals in different drawings may identify identical or similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network according to the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating communication between an example network node and an example user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 These are illustrations of a first example of time-division multiplexing and a second example of frequency-division multiplexing according to this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5A and Figure 5BThese are illustrations of a first example and a second example of a network node concurrently serving multiple UEs according to this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of subarray multiplexing according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication process between a network node, a first UE, and a second UE according to this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 8 This is an example diagram illustrating a performance chart for example reuse according to this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or a device of a network node, according to the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or a device of a UE, according to this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or a device of a UE, according to this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Various aspects of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated or described with reference to the drawings or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, various combinations or numbers of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or a practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover apparatuses having structures and / or functionalities other than those available for practicing the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein, or methods practiced using these other structures and / or functionalities. Any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0033] Various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will now be presented with reference to them. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various boxes, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0034] A network node can concurrently serve multiple user equipment (UEs) within a single coverage area. Serving multiple UEs concurrently can result in the network node serving UEs with different operating conditions. For example, a network node can concurrently serve a first UE located near the edge of the coverage area (e.g., within a threshold distance of the edge) and a second UE located closer to the network node relative to the first UE. Sometimes, the network node may use an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements and / or multiplexing (such as frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), and / or space division multiplexing (SDM)) to concurrently serve both the first and second UEs 510.

[0035] At least in part, based on different locations, the first operating environment of the first UE may differ from the second operating environment of the second UE, and the different operating environments may cause the network node to use different transmission configurations to improve communication with the UE. Examples of improved communication with the network node may include using signals configured to reduce recovery errors, increase signal power levels, and / or increase data throughput. For example, the first UE may operate in a first (low) SNR environment that meets a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold (but not a high SNR threshold), and the second UE may operate in a second (high) SNR environment that meets a high SNR threshold. Therefore, the first transmission configuration may address communication problems associated with low SNR (such as increasing SNR by increasing the transmission power level and / or beamforming gain), and the second transmission configuration may address communication problems associated with high SNR (such as increasing data throughput by configuring the antenna array using a higher modulation-decoding scheme (MCS) and / or using spatial channel conditioning). "Spatial channel conditioning" may refer to selecting the antenna array configuration using one or more spatial characteristics of the communication channel. Therefore, a first transmission configuration that improves communication in a low SNR environment may differ from a second transmission configuration that improves communication in a high SNR environment. Alternatively or additionally, the first transmission configuration may not improve communication in a high SNR environment and / or the second transmission configuration may not improve communication in a low SNR environment.

[0036] Although network nodes can serve both the first UE and the second UE, at least in part, using TDM and / or FDM as described above, different operating environments and subsequent different transmission configurations can lead to network nodes using suboptimal antenna configurations for communication with the first UE and / or the second UE. For example, the use of TDM allows network nodes to configure transmission power levels differently for communication with the first UE and the second UE 510, respectively. However, the use of TDM can result in fixed and / or identical bandwidth being used for TDM-based transmissions sharing access to the same air interface resources, and fixed bandwidth can lead to inefficient use of air interface resources. For example, varying service patterns between TDM-based transmissions can result in one or more air interface resources in the fixed bandwidth being unused. Unused air interface resources can lead to increased data transmission latency and / or reduced data throughput in the wireless network.

[0037] The use of FDM allows network nodes to allocate bandwidth by providing a power spectral density (PSD) boost to transmissions using lower MCS and / or at least partially based on data service patterns. However, the use of FDM can lead to a backoff power level for the power amplifier (PA) based at least partially on the highest MCS used between concurrent FDM-based transmissions, thus preventing network nodes from providing a PSD boost to FDM-based transmissions using lower MCS. This inability to provide a power boost can result in increased recovery errors and / or reduced data throughput.

[0038] Various aspects generally relate to subarray multiplexing. Some aspects more specifically relate to a network node that selectively uses one or more subarrays of antenna elements in an antenna array to increase the efficiency and / or capacity of multiplexed communications, as further described below. In some aspects, the network node may select from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements. For some specific implementations, the first set of antenna elements may include fewer antenna elements than all of the antenna elements included in the plurality of antenna elements. Alternatively or additionally, the second set of antenna elements may include all and / or fewer antenna elements than all of the antenna elements. In some aspects, the second set of antenna elements may include combinations of antenna elements different from the first set of antenna elements. Based at least in part on the selection of the first set and the second set of antenna elements, the network node may use the first set of antenna elements to communicate a first downlink communication to a first UE and may concurrently use the second set of antenna elements to communicate a second downlink communication to a second UE. That is, the network node may concurrently use different sets of combinations of antenna elements to communicate with the first UE and the second UE. The concurrent use of different sets of antenna elements can also be referred to as subarray multiplexing.

[0039] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by using subarray multiplexing, the described techniques can be used to enable a network node to select different sets of antenna elements from a plurality of antenna elements to concurrently serve different UEs operating in different environments and / or using transmissions with different MCS. That is, the network node can select different sets of antenna elements in a manner that increases the capacity of the wireless network. For example, the network node can select a first set of antenna elements to serve a first UE via a first transmission, which uses a first MCS higher than a second MCS used to serve a second UE via a second transmission. In some aspects, the network node can configure a first set of antenna elements to include fewer than all of the antenna elements in an antenna array, at least in part based on the second MCS being lower than the first MCS, and / or can configure a second set of antenna elements to include all of the antenna elements in the same antenna array (e.g., a complete antenna array). That is, the network node can use more antenna elements for transmissions using a lower MCS and / or fewer antenna elements for transmissions using a higher MCS, at least in part based on the transmissions being concurrent (e.g., in the time domain). Alternatively or additionally, a network node may use fewer antenna elements in a first set of antenna elements relative to a second set of antenna elements, at least in part, based on the fact that a first SNR (e.g., a first SNR metric generated by the first UE) associated with a first operating environment of the first UE is higher than a second SNR (e.g., a second SNR metric generated by the second UE) associated with a second operating environment of the second UE. That is, a network node may use fewer antenna elements in the first set of antenna elements for communicating with the first UE, at least in part, based on the fact that the first UE operates in an environment with good channel conditions (e.g., as indicated by meeting a high SNR threshold via the first SNR metric). Alternatively or additionally, a network node may use more antenna elements in the second set of antenna elements for communicating with the second UE operating in an environment with poor channel conditions (e.g., as indicated by failing to meet a high SNR threshold and / or meeting a low SNR threshold via the second SNR metric). Using more antenna elements for lower MCS transmission allows the network node to provide more beamforming gain as a power boost for lower MCS transmission. The ability to provide more beamforming gain to a transmitter with a lower MCS can lead to reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput.

[0040] Based at least in part on a second set of antenna elements using all the antenna elements in the antenna array, some antenna elements from the first set of antenna elements may be shared with and / or used in the second set of elements. Therefore, a network node can use the second set of antenna elements to perform FDM on both a first transmission using a first MCS and a second transmission using a second MCS. For example, a network node can divide a frequency band into subbands and can use different subbands for concurrent transmission. In some aspects, the selection of subbands, combined with a varied set of antenna elements used for concurrent transmission, can enable the network node to provide a PSD improvement for a second transmission using a lower MCS in a manner described below. Alternatively or additionally, a network node can select and / or configure the first set of antenna elements to reduce beamforming loss for a first transmission using a higher MCS (e.g., a reduction in transmit power level and / or antenna gain for beamforming signals). Increasing the PSD improvement for a second transmission using a lower MCS while concurrently mitigating beamforming loss for a first transmission using a higher MCS can result in reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput. Alternatively or additionally, network nodes may be multiplexed via subarrays to reuse signals using different digital modulations and / or different waveforms, which improve PA efficiency and / or enable network nodes to provide additional power boosts as further described below.

[0041] Multiple access radio access technology (RAT) has been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of the continuous mobile broadband evolution announced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 5G NR supports a variety of technologies and use cases, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV).

[0042] As the demand for broadband access increases and as the technologies supported by wireless communication networks evolve, further technological improvements can be adopted or implemented in 5G NR or future RATs (such as 6G) to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements can be associated with new frequency band extensions, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, decomposed network architectures and network topology extensions, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication, IoT (including passive or ambient IoT) networks, reduced-capacity (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML), and more. These technological improvements can support use cases such as wireless backhaul, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta-services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communications, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and collaborative manipulation, sensor networks, posture monitoring, brain-computer interfaces, digital twin applications, asset management, and general coverage applications using off-ground and / or aerial platforms, among others. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein can implement one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or elements of a 6G network, etc. The wireless communication network 100 may include a plurality of network nodes 110, shown as network node (NN) 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d. Network nodes 110 may support communication with a plurality of UEs 120 (shown as UE120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e).

[0044] Network nodes 110 and UEs 120 of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, frequency bands, carriers, and / or channels according to frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless communication network 100 can support a specific RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and can operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include 4G RATs, 5G / NR RATs, and / or 6G RATs, etc. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographical area, each RAT in that geographical area can operate on a different frequency to avoid interference with each other.

[0045] Various operating frequency bands have been defined as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in some documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, in some documents and articles, FR2 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band, but this is different from the Very High Frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as the mid-band frequencies, including FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 or FR2 characteristics, thereby effectively extending the characteristics of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Therefore, "below 6 GHz" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, and / or included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term "millimeter wave" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies included in mid-band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5, and / or within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands can extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs above 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 can implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), where multiple RATs (e.g., 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented within a single frequency band using dynamic bandwidth allocation (e.g., based on user demand). It is conceivable that the frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1 and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0046] Network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of wireless communication network 100. Network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, 5G network node, 6G network node, node B, eNB, gNB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), mobility element, core, network entity, network element, network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN).

[0047] Network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (e.g., a single physical structure) or as two or more physical nodes (e.g., two or more different physical structures). For example, network node 110 may be a device or system implementing a portion of a radio protocol stack, a device or system implementing a complete radio protocol stack (such as a complete gNB protocol stack), or a collection of devices or systems collectively implementing a complete radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node (with an aggregated architecture), meaning that network node 110 can implement a complete radio protocol stack physically and logically integrated within a single node (e.g., a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses the complete radio protocol stack to implement or facilitate communication between UE 120 and the core network of wireless communication network 100.

[0048] Alternatively, and also as shown in the figure, network node 110 can be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 can realize a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same or different geographical locations. For example, a decomposed network node may have a decomposed architecture. In some deployments, decomposed network node 110 may be used in integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks, in open radio access networks (O-RAN) (such as network configurations conforming to O-RAN Alliance standards), or in virtualized radio access networks (vRAN) (also referred to as cloud radio access networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate scaling by decomposing base station functionality into multiple units that can be deployed independently.

[0049] Network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and / or one or more radio units (RUs). CUs may host one or more higher-layer control functions, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. DUs may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to functional splits (such as functional splits defined by 3GPP). In some examples, DUs may also host one or more lower PHY layer functions, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, etc. RUs may host RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as FFT, iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc., according to functional splits (such as lower-layer functional splits). In this type of architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 120s.

[0050] In some aspects, network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally or alternatively, network node 110 may include one or more near real-time (near RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more non-real-time (non-RT) RICs. In some examples, CUs, DUs, and / or RUs may be implemented as virtual units, such as Virtual Central Units (VCUs), Virtual Distributed Units (VDUs), or Virtual Radio Units (VRUs), etc. Virtual units may be implemented as virtual network functions, such as those associated with cloud deployments.

[0051] Some network nodes 110 (e.g., base stations, RUs, or TRPs) can provide communication coverage for specific geographic areas. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 or to network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. Network node 110 can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, network node 110 can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with that femto cell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The network node 110 used for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for a picocell may be referred to as a pico network node. Network node 110 used for a femtocell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographical area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of the associated mobile network node 110 (e.g., a train, satellite base station, drone, or NTN network node).

[0052] The wireless communication network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, piconet nodes, femtonet nodes, relay network nodes, aggregation network nodes, and / or decomposition network nodes, etc. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 130a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 130b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 130c. Various types of network nodes 110 can typically transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different effects on interference in the wireless communication network 100 compared to other types of network nodes 110. For example, macro network nodes can have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes can have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0053] In some examples, network node 110 may be, may include, or operate as a RU, TRP, or base station communicating with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a "Uu" link). The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication direction from network node 110 to UE 120, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication direction from UE 120 to network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. Downlink control channels may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from network node 110 to UE 120. Downlink data channels may be used to transmit downlink data (e.g., user data associated with UE 120) from network node 110 to UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCH), and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCH). The uplink channel may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. The uplink control channel can be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) from UE 120 to network node 110 (e.g., transmitting corresponding reference signals and / or feedback with one or more downlinks). The uplink data channel can be used to transmit uplink data (e.g., user data associated with UE 120) from UE 120 to network node 110. The uplink control channel may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCH), and the uplink data channel may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCH). The downlink and uplink may each include a set of resources on which network node 110 and UE 120 can communicate.

[0054] Downlink and uplink resources may include time-domain resources (frames, subframes, time slots, and / or symbols), frequency-domain resources (bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements), and / or spatial-domain resources (specific transmission directions and / or beam parameters). Frequency-domain resources in some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth portions (BWPs). A BWP may be a contiguous block of frequency-domain resources allocated to one or more UEs 120 (e.g., a contiguous block of resource blocks). Both uplink and downlink BWPs can be used to configure a UE 120 (where the uplink and downlink BWPs may be the same BWP or different BWPs). BWPs can be dynamically configured and / or reconfigured (e.g., by sending DCI configuration to one or more UEs 120 via network node 110), meaning that BWPs can be adjusted in real-time (or near real-time) based on changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of one or more UEs 120. This allows for more efficient use of available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100, as fewer frequency domain resources can be allocated to the BWP for UE 120 (which reduces the number of frequency domain resources that UE 120 needs to monitor), thus allowing more frequency domain resources to be distributed across multiple UE 120s. Therefore, the BWP can also assist in the implementation of such UE 120s by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communications performed by lower-capacity UE 120s.

[0055] As described above, in some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be an IAB network, may include an IAB network, or may be included in an IAB network. In an IAB network, at least one network node 110 is an anchor network node communicating with a core network. The anchor network node 110 may also be referred to as an IAB donor (or "IAB donor"). The anchor network node 110 may be connected to the core network via a wired backhaul link. For example, the Ng interface of the anchor network node 110 may terminate at the core network. Additionally or alternatively, the anchor network node 110 may be connected to one or more devices in the core network that provide core access and mobility management functions (AMF). An IAB network typically also includes multiple non-anchor network nodes 110, which may also be referred to as relay network nodes or simply IAB nodes (or "IAB-nodes"). Each non-anchor network node 110 can directly communicate with the anchor network node 110 via a wireless backhaul link to access the core network, or can indirectly communicate with the anchor network node 110 via one or more other non-anchor network nodes 110 and an associated wireless backhaul link forming a backhaul path to the core network. Some anchor network nodes 110 or other non-anchor network nodes 110 can also directly communicate with one or more UEs 120 via a wireless access link carrying access services. For example, network resources used for wireless communication (such as time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) can be shared between the access link and the backhaul link.

[0056] In some examples, any network node 110 relaying communication may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply a repeater. A repeater may receive communications from an upstream station (e.g., another network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit communications to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or another network node 110). In this case, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a "multi-hop network." Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 can be a relay station capable of relaying transmissions to or from other UE 120s, or can operate as such a relay station. UE 120 relaying communication can be referred to as a UE repeater or relay UE, etc.

[0057] UE 120 may be physically distributed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may be, may include, an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. UE 120 may be, or may include, a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband and / or smart jewelry (such as a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device and / or a satellite radio), an XR device, a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device), a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that can communicate via a wireless medium, or may be coupled to them.

[0058] UE 120 and / or network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-a-chip (SoC), chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or include a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing”) circuitry in the form of one or more processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), neural processing units (NPUs), and / or digital signal processors (DSPs)), processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “processors” or “processor circuitry”). One or more of these processors may be individually or collectively configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors that can be configured or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor that can be configured or configured to perform a first function in the set, and a second processor that can be configured or configured to perform a second function in the set, or may include the entire group of processors that are configured or configured to perform the set of functions.

[0059] The processing system may also include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements, or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) or combinations thereof (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as "memory" or collectively as "memory" or "memory circuitry"). One or more of these memories may be coupled to one or more processors in the processor (e.g., operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) and may store processor-executable code (such as software) individually or collectively, which, when executed by one or more processors in the processor, may configure one or more processors in the processor to perform the various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more processors in the processor may be pre-configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein without being configured by software. The processing system may also include or be coupled to one or more modems (such as Wi-Fi (e.g., IEEE compliant) modems or cellular (e.g., 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant) modems). In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more modems among the modems. The processing system may also include, or be coupled to, multiple radio components (collectively, “radio components”), multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled to one or more antennas among multiple antennas. In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radio components, RF chains, or transceivers. UE 120 may be included or may be contained in a housing that houses components associated with UE 120, including the processing system.

[0060] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine Type Communication (MTC) UEs, Evolved or Enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) UEs, Further Enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs, or Enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be collectively referred to as "MTC UEs". MTC UEs may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with the following: robots, unmanned aerial vehicles, remote devices, sensors, instruments, monitors, and / or location tags. Some UEs 120 may be considered IoT devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. IoT UEs or NB-IoT devices may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with the following: industrial machines, appliances, refrigerators, doorbell camera devices, home automation devices, and / or lighting fixtures, etc. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment, which may include telecommunications equipment installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider’s network (such as being included in or communicating with the wireless communication network 100).

[0061] Some UEs 120 can be categorized according to different categories associated with varying levels of complexity and / or capabilities. UEs 120 in the first category facilitate large-scale IoT within the wireless communication network 100 and offer lower complexity and / or cost compared to UEs 120 in the second category. UEs 120 in the second category may include mission-critical IoT devices capable of URLLC, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and / or precise positioning within the wireless communication network 100, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-level UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs. UEs 120 in the third category may have intermediate-level complexity and / or capabilities (e.g., capabilities between first-category UEs 120 and second-capability UEs 120). UEs 120 in the third category may be referred to as reduced-capability UEs (“RedCap UEs”), intermediate-level UEs, NR lightweight UEs, and / or NR simplified UEs, etc. RedCap UEs bridge the gap in capabilities and complexity between NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs can include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras associated with limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range. RedCap UEs can support healthcare environments, building automation, power distribution, process automation, transportation and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among others.

[0062] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly with each other using sidelink communication (e.g., without communicating through a network node 110 acting as an intermediary). As an example, UE 120a can send data, control information, or other signaling directly to UE 120e as sidelink communication. This contrasts with, for example, UE 120a first sending data to network node 110 in UL communication, and then that network node sending data to UE 120e in DL communication. In various examples, UE 120 can use peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh network communication protocols to send and receive sidelink communication. In some deployments and configurations, network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communication between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, UE 120 (instead of network node 110) may perform or cooperate with or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for sidelink communication.

[0063] In various examples, in addition to half-duplex operation, some network nodes and UEs in the wireless communication network 100, including network node 110 and UE 120, can also be configured for full-duplex operation. Network node 110 or UE 120 operating in half-duplex mode can perform only one of transmission or reception during a specific time resource period (such as a specific time slot, symbol, or other time period). Half-duplex operation may involve time division duplex (TDD), where the DL transmission of network node 110 and the UL transmission of UE 120 do not occur in the same time resource (i.e., the transmissions do not overlap in time). In contrast, network node 110 or UE 120 operating in full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (e.g., within the same time resource). By operating in full-duplex mode, network node 110 and / or UE 120 can generally increase the capacity of the network and radio access links. In some examples, full-duplex operation may involve frequency division duplex (FDD), in which network node 110 performs DL transmission in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier, and UE 120 performs transmission in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier, the second frequency band or the second component carrier being different from the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for UE 120 but not for network node 110. For example, UE 120 may simultaneously transmit UL to the first network node 110 and receive DL transmissions from the second network node 110 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for network node 110 but not for UE 120. For example, network node 110 may simultaneously transmit DL to the first UE 120 and receive UL transmissions from the second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both network node 110 and UE 120.

[0064] In some examples, UE 120 and network node 110 can perform MIMO communication. "MIMO" generally refers to the simultaneous transmission or reception of multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) using the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques typically utilize multipath propagation. MIMO can be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO can support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, which is referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) and / or massive MIMO (mMIMO). Some RATs may employ advanced MIMO techniques such as mTRP operations (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs), reciprocity in the time or frequency domain, single-frequency network (SFN) transmission, or noncoherent joint transmission (NC-JT).

[0065] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may: select from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having a plurality of antenna elements in combinations different from the first set of antenna elements; communicate first downlink communication to a first UE using the first set of antenna elements; and communicate second downlink communication to a second UE concurrently with the first downlink communication using the second set of antenna elements. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0066] In some respects, the UE (e.g., UE 120) may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may: receive a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more reference signals (RS) to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics, which are at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements; and transmit a measurement report indicating the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0067] Alternatively or additionally, the communication manager 140 may: receive an indication of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements; and use at least one of the one or more power offsets to calculate a measurement metric, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0068] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating communication between an example network node 110 and an example UE 120 in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0070] like Figure 2As shown, network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a transmit (TX) MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a to 232t, where t≥1), a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a to 234v, where v≥1), a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, a scheduler 246, and / or a communication manager 150, etc. In some configurations, one or a combination of antennas 234, modems 232, MIMO detectors 236, receive processors 238, transmit processors 214, and / or TX MIMO processors 216 may be included in the transceiver of network node 110. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by one or more processors (such as controller / processor 240), and in some respects, may perform aspects of the methods, procedures and / or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 242. In some respects, network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components and / or other components that facilitate communication with UE 120 or another network node.

[0071] The terms “processor,” “controller,” or “controller / processor” can refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, references to “processor,” “controller / processor,” etc. (in the singular) should be understood as referring to a combination of… Figure 2 The processor described refers to any one or more processors, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. The reference to "one or more processors" should be understood as a combination of references. Figure 2 Any one or more processors described herein. For example, one or more processors of network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.

[0072] In some aspects, a single processor can perform all operations described as being performed by one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of one or more processors can perform a first operation described as being performed by that one or more processors, and a second set of one or more processors can perform a second operation described as being performed by that one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors can be the same set of processors or can be different sets of processors. The reference to "one or more memories" should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of the corresponding device, such as those in combination. Figure 2 The memory described. For example, an operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or by different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0073] For downlink communication from network node 110 to UE 120, transmitting processor 214 may receive data (“downlink data”) intended for use by UE 120 (or a set of UEs including UE 120) from data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or data queue). In some examples, transmitting processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for UE 120 based on one or more Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 may process the data (e.g., including encoding the data) based on the MCS selected for UE 120 for transmission to UE 120 on the downlink, thereby generating data symbols. Transmitting processor 214 may process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and / or control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmitting processor 214 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), or channel state information (CSI) reference signals (CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)).

[0074] The TX MIMO processor 216 can perform space processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., TA set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time-domain downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t may transmit the set of downlink signals (e.g., via a set of corresponding antennas 234) together. T (One downlink signal).

[0075] Downlink signals may include DCI communication, MAC control element (MAC-CE) communication, RRC communication, downlink reference signals, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signals may be transmitted on the PDCCH, PDSCH, and / or another downlink channel. Downlink signals may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a data unit transmitted via the air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (e.g., from data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission via the air interface. The number of TBs used to carry data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size shared by multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on the radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used to encode the data, downlink resources allocated for transmitting data, and / or other parameters, or otherwise associated with them. Generally, a larger TB size allows for a larger amount of data to be transmitted in a single transmission, reducing signaling overhead. However, a larger TB size may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than a smaller TB size, but such errors can be mitigated through more robust error correction techniques.

[0076] For uplink communication from UE 120 to network node 110, the uplink signal from UE 120 may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected where applicable by MIMO detector 236 (e.g., receive (Rx) MIMO processor), and / or further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to processors such as controller / processor 240.

[0077] Network node 110 may use scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communication. In some aspects, scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to and / or UL transmissions from UE 120. In some examples, scheduler 246 may allocate repetitive time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources that UE 120 may use for transmitting and / or receiving communication with RRC configuration (e.g., semi-static configuration), for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure configuration grant (CG) for UE 120.

[0078] One or more of the following may be included in the RF chain of network node 110: transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. The RF chain may include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and / or other devices for converting analog signals (such as those used for transmission or reception via an air interface) to digital signals (such as those used for processing by one or more processors of network node 110). In some aspects, the RF chain may be a transceiver of network node 110, or may be included in such a transceiver.

[0079] In some examples, network node 110 may use communication unit 244 to communicate with the core network and / or other network nodes. Communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, fiber optic, Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), and / or wired or wireless backhaul, etc. Network node 110 may use communication unit 244 to send and / or receive data associated with UE 120, or to execute network control signaling, etc. Communication unit 244 may include transceivers and / or interfaces, such as network interfaces.

[0080] UE 120 may include a collection of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r, where r ≥ 1), a collection of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a to 254u, where u ≥ 1), a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, etc. One or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, or TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver included in UE 120. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by one or more processors (such as controller / processor 280), and in some respects, may perform aspects of the methods, procedures, or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 282. In some respects, UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with network node 110 and / or another UE 120.

[0081] For downlink communication from network node 110 to UE 120, the set of antennas 252 can receive downlink communication or signals from network node 110, and can receive the set of downlink signals (e.g., R Each received signal is provided to a set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a corresponding demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 may process (e.g., decode) the detected symbols, may provide the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260 (which may include data pipelines, data queues, and / or applications executed on UE 120), and may provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280.

[0082] For uplink communication from UE 120 to network node 110, the transmitting processor 264 may receive and process data (“uplink data”) from data source 262 (such as data pipelines, data queues, and / or applications running on UE 120) and control information from controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receiving processor 258 and / or controller / processor 280 may determine one or more parameters related to the transmission of uplink communication for received signals (such as those received from network node 110 or another UE). One or more parameters may include a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameter, a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameter, a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a Transmit Power Control (TPC) parameter, etc. The control information may include indications of the RSRP parameter, RSSI parameter, RSRQ parameter, CQI parameter, TPC parameter, and / or another parameter. Control information can facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for UE 120 by network node 110.

[0083] Transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as uplink DMRS, uplink sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or another type of reference signal. Symbols from transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 266 where applicable, and further processed by a set of modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM)). TX MIMO processor 266 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., U A set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.

[0084] Modems 254a to 254u can transmit uplink signal sets (e.g., via corresponding sets of antennas 252) R One uplink signal or UUplink signals may include UCI communication, MAC-CE communication, RRC communication, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on PUSCH, PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. Uplink signals may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmission (i.e., transmission directly between two or more UEs 120) may typically use techniques similar to those described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as the Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), and / or Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH).

[0085] One or more antennas in the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included in one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or with one or more transmitting or receiving components (such as...) Figure 2 An antenna module is a combination of one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more components. As used herein, "antenna" can mean one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. "Antenna panel" can mean a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel that can facilitate beamforming by manipulating the parameters of that group of antennas. "Antenna module" can mean a circuit that includes one or more antennas, and may also include one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.

[0086] In some examples, each antenna element of antenna 234 or antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element, which can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. Antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. The spacing between antenna elements can allow signals with a desired wavelength transmitted individually by the antenna elements to interact or interfere (e.g., to form a desired beam) in various directions. For example, given a desired wavelength or frequency range, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, half a wavelength, or another fraction of the wavelength between adjacent antenna elements to allow desired constructive and destructive interference modes of signals transmitted by individual antenna elements within that desired range.

[0087] The amplitude and / or phase of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements can be modulated and (e.g., by manipulating phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes) shifted relative to each other to generate one or more beams; this is known as beamforming. The term "beam" can refer to the directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. "Beam" can also generally refer to the direction associated with such directional signal transmission, the set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (e.g., angle of arrival, horizontal direction, and / or vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters indicating one or more aspects of the directional signal, the direction associated with the signal, and / or the set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements can be individually selected or deselected for the directional transmission of a signal (or multiple signals) by controlling the amplitude of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or the phase of the signal to form one or more beams. The shape of the beam (such as amplitude, width, and / or the presence of sidelobes) and / or the direction of the beam (such as the angle of the beam relative to the surface of the antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of multiple signals relative to each other.

[0088] Different UEs 120 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, UE 120 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or different numbers of antenna elements. As another example, network node 110 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or different numbers of antenna elements. Generally speaking, a larger number of antenna elements provides increased control over the parameters used for beamforming compared to a smaller number of antenna elements, while a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and can use less power. Multiple antenna elements can support multi-layer transmission, in which the same time and frequency resources are used to utilize spatial multiplexing to transmit a first layer of communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of communication (which may include a second data stream).

[0089] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0090] Figure 3 This is an illustration of an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated base station architecture 300 may be one or more network nodes (such as one or more network nodes 110), may include, or may be included in, the one or more network nodes. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or may communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units (such as non-RT RIC 350 and / or near-RT RIC 370 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 360 (e.g., via an E2 link)). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DU 330 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as via an F1 interface). Each DU 330 may communicate with one or more RU 340 via a corresponding fronthaul link. Each RU 340 may communicate with one or more UE 120 via a corresponding RF access link. In some deployments, UE 120 can be served by multiple RU 340s simultaneously.

[0091] Each component of the disassembled base station architecture 300 (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, near-RT RIC 370, non-RT RIC 350, and SMO frame 360) may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled to one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via wired or wireless transmission media.

[0092] In some respects, the CU 310 can be logically divided into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 can be deployed to communicate with one or more DU 330s for network control and signaling, as needed. Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 340s. For example, the DU 330 may host various layers, such as the RLC layer, MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers (such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers). Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) can be implemented using an interface for signaling to other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for signaling to control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality. In some respects, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of communication with the control plane and user plane of the RU 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.

[0093] The SMO framework 360 supports RAN deployment and provisioning for both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 360 supports the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 360 can interact with cloud computing platforms such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 350, and / or near-RT RIC 370. In some aspects, the SMO framework 360 can communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN, 5G NR RAN, and / or 6G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 380) via the O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO framework 360 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via the corresponding O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration enables each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0094] The non-RT RIC 350 may include or implement logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including AI / ML workflows for model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the near-RT RIC 370. The non-RT RIC 350 may be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 370, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 370 may include or implement logic functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as an E2 interface, through data collection and actions, connecting one or more CU 310s, one or more DU 330s, and / or O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 370.

[0095] In some respects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 370, the non-RT RIC 350 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 370 and may be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 360 or the non-RT RIC 350. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 350 or near-RT RIC 370 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 350 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 360 (such as reconfiguration via the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0096] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0097] Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 Network node 110, its controller / processor 240, UE 120, UE 120's controller / processor 280, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, or any other component may implement one or more technologies associated with subarray multiplexing or perform one or more operations associated with subarray multiplexing, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, network node 110's controller / processor 240, UE 120's controller / processor 280, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, or any other component may implement one or more technologies associated with subarray multiplexing or perform one or more operations associated with subarray multiplexing. Figure 2 Any other component, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340 may (alone or in combination with one or more other processors) perform or direct, for example... Figure 9 The process 900 Figure 10 Process 1000 Figure 11The operation of process 1100 or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 may store data and program code for network node 110, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340. Memory 282 may store data and program code for UE 120. In some examples, memory 242 or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instruction sets (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. Memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). Memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). For example, the instruction set may be made to be executed by one or more processors of network node 110, UE 120, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, or interpretation). Figure 9 The process 900 Figure 10 Process 1000 Figure 11 The process 1100 or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions, and / or interpret instructions, etc.

[0098] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) includes: components for selecting a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the multiple antenna elements from an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements, and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the multiple antenna elements, the first set comprising fewer antenna elements than the multiple antenna elements, the second set having different combinations of multiple antenna elements different from the first set of antenna elements; components for using the first set of antenna elements to communicate first downlink communication to a first UE; and / or components for using the second set of antenna elements to concurrently communicate second downlink communication to a second UE in conjunction with the first downlink communication. Components for the network node to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 150, a transmit processor 214, a TX MIMO processor 216, a modem 232, an antenna 234, a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, or a scheduler 246.

[0099] In some aspects, the UE (e.g., UE 120) includes: components for receiving a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics, the one or more per-port measurement metrics being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements; and / or components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0100] Alternatively or additionally, in some aspects, the UE includes: means for receiving an indication of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements; and / or means for calculating a measurement metric using at least one of the one or more power offsets, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations. Components for the UE to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0101] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0102] Figure 4 These are illustrations of a first example 400 of time division multiplexing (TDM) and a second example 500 of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) according to this disclosure.

[0103] "Multiplication" can mean that a transmitter uses the same air interface resources to transmit independent signals and / or data streams in a manner that allows a receiver to recover one or more independent signals and / or data streams. Multiplexing can increase the efficiency of air interface resources by increasing the data throughput linked to them.

[0104] First example 400 illustrates a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) that partitions the use of frequency band-based air interface resources by at least partially partitioning access to frequency bands in the time domain. For illustration, during a first time span, a transmitter may transmit a first transmission 402 using frequency band 404 and having a first transmit power level 406. During a second time span, the transmitter may transmit a second transmission 408 using the same frequency band 404 and having a second transmit power level 410. In some aspects, the first transmission 402 and the second transmission 408 may be independent signals and / or independent data streams sharing the same frequency band (e.g., frequency band 404). Therefore, the transmitter can multiplex access to frequency-based air interface resources by changing access to frequency band 404 in the time domain. Figure 4 As shown, the transmitter can use the entire antenna array to generate a first transmit 402 and a second transmit 408. In example 400, the antenna array includes 32 antenna elements.

[0105] The benefit of using TDM-based multiplexing is the ability to provide a power boost for transmissions using a lower modulation and decoding scheme (MCS). For example, a first transmission using a first MCS can be based at least in part on a first transmission power level, and a second transmission using a second MCS can be based on a second transmission power level. In scenarios where the first MCS is lower and / or less complex than the second MCS, the first transmission can use a transmission power level lower than the second transmission power level as the first transmission power level to achieve the same error recovery rate. Based at least in part on the nonlinear behavior of the power amplifier (PA) processing each transmission, the higher transmission power level of the second transmission can result in the use of a higher back-off power level from the PA's optimal operating point (e.g., relative to a lower transmission power level) to mitigate PA distortion in the second transmission. Therefore, the use of TDM allows the transmitter to provide a power boost for transmissions using a lower MCS, at least in part, based on mitigating signal distortion using a lower back-off power level. Figure 4 As shown, TDM can use the entire frequency band for each transmission.

[0106] Example 450 illustrates FDM, which partitions the use of time-based air interface resources by partitioning access to air interface resources, at least in the frequency domain. Figure 4As shown, the transmitter can transmit a first transmission 452 using a first frequency band 454 and having a first transmission power level 456 during a time span. During the same time span, the transmitter can transmit a second transmission 458 using a second frequency band 460 and having a second transmission power level 462. In some aspects, the first transmission 452 and the second transmission 458 can be independent signals and / or independent data streams. Therefore, the transmitter can multiplex access to time-based air interface resources between the first transmission 452 and the second transmission 458 by assigning each transmission access to different frequency bands during the same time span. Figure 4 As shown, the transmitter can use the entire antenna array to generate a first transmit 452 and a second transmit 458, wherein the antenna array includes 32 antenna elements.

[0107] The benefit of using FDM is the ability of network nodes to provide an increase in power spectral density (PSD) for transmissions using a lower MCS. For example, a first transmission 452 may use a first MCS that is higher and / or more complex than the second MCS used by a second transmission 458. Therefore, a network node configuring the air interface resources used by the first transmission 452 and the second transmission 458 can allocate more bandwidth to the second transmission 458 (e.g., relative to the first transmission 452) to provide an increase in PSD for the second transmission 458. In some aspects, and at least in part based on the simultaneous transmission of the first transmission 452 and the second transmission 458, the backoff power level for PA may be at least in part based on the highest MCS used between the first transmission 452 and the second transmission 458 to mitigate signal distortion.

[0108] In some aspects, multiplexing formats can be combined. For example, spatial division multiplexing (SDM) can utilize beamforming to achieve spatial separation of transmissions. For instance, a first transmission may use a first beam propagating in a first direction and / or a first beamwidth. A second transmission may be spatially separated from the first transmission, at least in part, based on using a second beam propagating in a second direction and / or using a second beamwidth different from the first direction and / or the first beamwidth. In some aspects, the use of SDM allows the same frequency band and / or the same air interface resources to be used in the first and / or second transmissions, thereby improving the efficiency of the wireless network (e.g., increasing data transmission capacity). Alternatively or additionally, SDM may be combined with TDM and / or FDM to improve isolation between independent data streams and / or independent transmissions.

[0109] As indicated above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0110] Figure 5A and Figure 5BThese are illustrations of a first example 500 and a second example 550, respectively, illustrating a network node concurrently serving multiple UEs according to this disclosure.

[0111] In mMIMO, network nodes can use large antenna arrays (e.g., antenna arrays with 100+ antenna elements) to simultaneously serve multiple UEs in the same frequency domain and / or the same time domain. For example, mMIMO can use beamforming and / or SDM to provide separation to independent transmissions and / or independent data streams carried by independent transmissions. In general MIMO (gMIMO), network nodes can include additional flexibility (e.g., relative to MIMO and / or mMIMO) to configure large antenna arrays using multiple antenna configurations (e.g., multiple combinations of antenna elements). Alternatively or additionally, gMIMO can adjust the signal processing parameters used to generate transmissions based on channel conditions. Adjusting signal processing parameters based at least in part on channel conditions can improve signal quality, such as by increasing signal power levels and / or reducing interference. In some aspects, large antenna arrays in gMIMO systems can include antenna elements with different operating frequencies and / or support a wider bandwidth relative to MIMO and / or mMIMO systems. For example, a large antenna array in a gMIMO system may include a combination of antenna elements with different operating frequencies to support sub-6 GHz and microwave bands using a large antenna array. In some respects, gMIMO may utilize mMIMO and / or be built upon it.

[0112] Supporting multiple UEs within a coverage area can result in network node 110 supporting UEs with different operating conditions. For example, Figure 5A Example 500 shown includes network node 502 (e.g., network node 110) providing coverage area 504 using antenna array 506, and the antenna array may include multiple antenna elements (e.g., Figure 5A (Each antenna element is indicated by the use of "X"). In some respects, antenna array 506 can be considered a large antenna array.

[0113] Sometimes, network node 502 can concurrently provide services to a first UE 508, which may be located at the center of coverage area 504 and / or within a near-threshold distance of network node 502. For example... Figure 5A As shown, the first UE 508 can operate at a first location closer to the network node 502 than the second UE 510, which operates near the edge of the coverage area 504 (e.g., within a threshold distance of the edge). In some aspects, the network node 502 can use at least FDM and / or TDM to concurrently provide services to the first UE 508 and the second UE 510, as per [reference to...]. Figure 4As described. Alternatively or additionally, network node 502 may use mMIMO and / or gMIMO to concurrently provide services to the first UE 508 and the second UE 510.

[0114] At least in part, based on different locations, the operating environment of the first UE 508 may differ from that of the second UE 510, and the different operating environments may cause the network node 502 to use different transmission configurations to improve communication with the UE (e.g., reduce recovery errors, increase signal power levels, and / or increase data throughput). For example, the first UE 508 may operate in a first environment with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (e.g., an SNR metric that meets a high SNR threshold), and / or the second UE 510 may operate in a second environment with a low SNR (e.g., an SNR metric that meets a low SNR threshold). Therefore, and at least in part based on the first UE 508 operating in a first environment with a high SNR, the first transmission configuration used by the network node 502 to communicate with the first UE 508 may be configured to increase data throughput, such as by configuring the antenna array using a higher MCS and / or by using spatial channel conditioning. "Spatial channel conditioning" may refer to selecting the antenna array configuration using one or more spatial characteristics of the communication channel. As an example, spatial channel conditioning allows network node 502 to configure the antenna array to support (e.g., transmit and / or receive) a higher QAM scheme compared to another antenna array configuration that may not support higher quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and / or result in increased recovery errors.

[0115] Alternatively or additionally, and at least in part based on the second UE 510 operating in a second environment with low SNR, network node 502 may use a second transmission configuration configured to improve communication in the low SNR environment, such as by providing a power boost to the second transmission. Therefore, a first transmission configuration that increases data throughput in a high SNR environment may differ from a second transmission configuration that improves signal quality (e.g., signal power level) in a low SNR environment. Alternatively or additionally, the first transmission configuration may not improve communication in a low SNR environment and / or the second transmission configuration may not improve communication in a high SNR environment.

[0116] Although network node 502 may serve both the first UE 508 and the second UE 510, at least in part, using TDM and / or FDM as described above, different operating environments and subsequent different transmission configurations may cause network node 502 to use a suboptimal antenna configuration for communication with the first UE 508 and / or the second UE 510. For example, as regarding... Figure 4The described use of TDM allows network node 502 to configure transmit power levels differently for communications to the first UE 508 and the second UE 510, respectively. However, the use of TDM can result in fixed and / or identical bandwidth being used for TDM-based transmissions sharing access to the same air interface resources, and fixed bandwidth can lead to inefficient use of air interface resources. For example, varying service patterns between TDM-based transmissions can result in one or more air interface resources in the fixed bandwidth being unused. Unused air interface resources can lead to increased data transmission latency and / or reduced data throughput in the wireless network.

[0117] Such as about Figure 4 The described use of FDM allows network nodes to allocate frequency bands by providing a PSD boost for transmissions using a lower MCS and / or at least partially allocating frequency bands based on data service patterns. However, the use of FDM can result in a backoff power level for the power amplifier, which is at least partially based on the highest MCS used between concurrent FDM-based transmissions, thus preventing network node 502 from providing a power boost for FDM-based transmissions using a lower MCS. The inability to provide a power boost can lead to increased recovery errors and / or reduced data throughput.

[0118] Some of the techniques and apparatus described herein provide subarray multiplexing. In some aspects, a network node may select from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements. In some specific embodiments, the first set of antenna elements may include fewer antenna elements than all of the antenna elements included in the plurality of antenna elements. Alternatively or additionally, the second set of antenna elements may include all and / or may include fewer antenna elements than all of the antenna elements. In some aspects, the second set of antenna elements may include combinations of antenna elements different from the first set of antenna elements. Based at least in part on the selection of the first set and the second set of antenna elements, a network node may use the first set of antenna elements to communicate a first downlink communication to a first UE and may concurrently use the second set of antenna elements to communicate a second downlink communication to a second UE. That is, a network node may use different sets of combinations of antenna elements to communicate concurrently with the first UE and the second UE, and the concurrent use of different sets of combinations of antenna elements may also be referred to as subarray multiplexing.

[0119] The use of subarray multiplexing allows network nodes to select different sets of antenna elements from a plurality of antenna elements to concurrently serve different UEs operating in different environments and / or using transmissions with different MCSs. For example, a network node may select a first set of antenna elements (e.g., having fewer antenna elements than the total number of antenna elements in the antenna array) to serve a first UE via a first transmission, which uses a first MCS higher than a second MCS used to serve a second UE via a second transmission. For example, a network node may select a higher MCS for a first UE based at least in part on a high SNR threshold being met by an SNR metric associated with the first UE. Therefore, and at least in part based on a high SNR threshold, a network node may communicate with a first UE using fewer antenna elements based at least in part on the first UE having good channel conditions as indicated by the SNR metric.

[0120] Alternatively or additionally, the network node may use more antenna elements for a lower MCS transmit, enabling the network node to provide greater beamforming gain and / or a power boost for the lower MCS transmit. For example, a second set of antenna elements may utilize all the antenna elements in an antenna array, and the network node may use this second set of antenna elements to provide a power boost for a second transmit with a lower MCS and / or lower SNR metric, such as by adding beamforming gain to the lower MCS transmit. The ability to provide a power boost can result in reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput.

[0121] In some aspects, a network node may use a second set of antenna elements to perform FDM on both a first transmission using a first MCS and a second transmission using a second MCS. For example, a network node may divide a frequency band into subbands and may use different subbands for concurrent transmission. Thus, a second set of elements (e.g., all and / or at least a portion of the second set of antenna elements in an antenna array) may be used to concurrently perform FDM on the first subband of the first transmission and / or the second subband of the second transmission. In some aspects, the selection of subbands, combined with a varied set of antenna elements used for concurrent transmission, may enable the network node to provide a PSD improvement for a second transmission using a lower MCS (e.g., as per the description of...). Figure 4 (As described). Alternatively or additionally, network nodes may select and / or configure a first set of antenna elements to reduce beamforming loss for a first transmission using a first (higher) MCS (e.g., a reduction in transmit power level and / or antenna gain for beamforming signals). Increasing PSD for a second transmission using a lower MCS while concurrently mitigating beamforming loss for a first transmission using a higher MCS can result in reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput.

[0122] In some respects, the use of different sets of antenna elements can enable network nodes to transmit signals using different digital modulations and / or different waveforms to provide additional power boosts, as described below. For example, a first transmission using a first MCS that is higher and / or more complex than the second MCS can have a higher peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) compared to a second transmission using a second (lower) MCS. While a lower PAPR can improve PA efficiency (e.g., the ratio of RF output power to consumed input power and / or the efficiency of converting DC power to RF power), maintaining a lower PAPR waveform may be difficult when multiplexed via FDM and / or SDM.

[0123] Alternatively or additionally, combining MIMO with Cyclic Prefix OFDMA (CP-OFDMA) enables network nodes to perform multi-user FDM and / or SDM multiplexing with high spectral efficiency (e.g., increased data throughput in the air interface). While combining MIMO with CP-OFDMA improves spectral efficiency, the resulting waveform may have a high PAPR (e.g., PAPR meeting a high PAPR threshold), leading to reduced PA efficiency, reduced coverage area, and / or increased power consumption. To maintain a lower PAPR waveform multiplexed with a high PAPR waveform while achieving increased PA efficiency, network nodes can combine different sets of antenna elements using different digital modulations in a manner that balances PA efficiency with coverage area size and / or spectral efficiency, as described below.

[0124] Figure 5B Example 550 shown includes the use of, for example, regarding Figure 5A The described antenna array 506, first UE 508, and second UE 510 are used to provide network node 502 for coverage area 504. In example 550, network node 502 may provide concurrent services to first UE 508 and second UE 510 at least in part based on subarray multiplexing.

[0125] like Figure 5B As shown, a network node may select a first set 552 of antenna elements of antenna array 506 to serve a first UE 508, and select a second set 554 of antenna elements to serve a second UE 510. Figure 5B The selected antenna elements included in the first set 552 and the second set 554 of antenna elements are shown by using a dashed line and an "X" enclosed in a square. Although Figure 5BThe first set 552 and the second set 554 of antenna elements are illustrated as including fewer antenna elements than the total number of antenna elements included in the antenna array 506, but other examples may include: the first set 552 or the second set 554 of antenna elements including all antenna elements included in the antenna array 506. In some aspects, the network node 502 may select any combination of antenna elements, waveform type, bandwidth allocation, and / or transmit power level to increase data throughput and / or reduce data recovery errors as described above.

[0126] As indicated above, Figure 5A and Figure 5B This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 5A and Figure 5B The examples described are different.

[0127] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating example 600 of subarray multiplexing according to this disclosure.

[0128] When performing subarray multiplexing, a network node may select different sets of antenna elements, and each set of antenna elements may include different combinations of antenna elements, as described above. Alternatively or additionally, the network node may select the appropriate digital modulation type for the multiplexed transmissions, at least in part, based on the subarray multiplexing. In some aspects, the network node may select antenna elements to be included in sets that may be at least in part based on one or more MCS levels, as described above.

[0129] like Figure 6 As shown, a first set 604 of antenna elements, including one or more antenna elements from a plurality of antenna elements in an antenna array, can be used (e.g., by a network node) to generate a first transmission 602 in a subarray multiplexed transmission. In some aspects, the first set 604 of antenna elements may include fewer antenna elements than the total number of antenna elements in the plurality of antenna elements. For example, the antenna array may include all 32 antenna elements, and the first set 604 of antenna elements may include... Figure 6 The diagram shows 16 antenna elements ranging from antenna element 0 to antenna element 15 in the antenna array. As described above, the network node can select fewer than all antenna elements based at least in part on a first MCS associated with the first transmission 602 satisfying a high MCS threshold (e.g., the first MCS is a high MCS). Figure 6 As shown, the first transmitter 602 may occupy air interface resources in the first frequency bandwidth 606, and / or may be configured using the first transmitter power level 608.

[0130] Based at least in part on performing subarray multiplexing, a network node may transmit a second transmission 610 concurrently with a first transmission 602. In some aspects, the network node may select a second set 612 of antenna elements from the antenna array for generating the second transmission 610. For example 600, the second set of antenna elements includes all the antenna elements of the antenna array, but in other examples, the second set 612 of antenna elements may include fewer antenna elements than all the antenna elements. In some aspects, the network node may include more antenna elements in the second set of antenna elements based at least in part on the fact that the second transmission 610 is generated using a second MCS lower than the first MCS. That is, the second MCS may satisfy a low MCS threshold, may not satisfy a high MCS threshold, and / or may be a low MCS.

[0131] like Figure 6 As shown, the second transmitter 610 occupies one or more air interface resources in the second frequency bandwidth 614. Alternatively or additionally, the second transmitter 610 may generate and / or output different transmit power levels based at least in part on antenna elements within the second set of antenna elements. For example, a first portion of the second transmitter 610 may use at least some shared antenna elements included in the first set 604 of antenna elements (by... Figure 6 The antenna elements shown are 0 to 15) generated, and the second part of the second transmission 610 can use at least some non-shared antenna elements (excluded from the first set 604 of antenna elements) to generate the second transmission. Figure 6 (Shown as antenna elements 16 to 31) to generate. Thus, a first portion of the second transmission 610 may be generated via shared antenna elements at a first power level 616, and a second portion of the second transmission 610 may be generated via non-shared antenna elements at a second power level 618. Alternatively or additionally, the first power level 616 may differ from the second power level 618 by a power offset of 620.

[0132] The use of subarray multiplexing allows network nodes to select different sets of antenna elements from multiple antenna elements to concurrently serve different UEs operating in different environments and / or using transmissions with different MCS. For example, a network node may select a first set of antenna elements to serve a first UE via a first transmission using a high MCS, at least in part based on increasing data throughput at the first UE. Alternatively or additionally, a network node may use a second set of antenna elements for a second transmission based at least in part on a second MCS lower than the first MCS. In some aspects, the second set of antenna elements may enable the network node to provide a power boost and / or PSD boost for the second transmission using a lower MCS, and / or reduce beamforming loss for the first transmission using a higher MCS. Increasing the PSD boost for the second transmission using a lower MCS while concurrently mitigating beamforming loss for the first transmission using a higher MCS can result in reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput.

[0133] As indicated above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0134] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of a wireless communication process between a network node 702 (e.g., network node 110), a first UE 704 (e.g., first UE 120), and a second UE 706 (e.g., second UE 120) according to the present disclosure.

[0135] As indicated by reference numeral 710 in the accompanying drawings, network node 702 and first UE 704 can establish a connection. For illustration, first UE 704 can be powered on within a cell coverage area provided by network node 702, and first UE 704 and network node 702 can perform one or more procedures (e.g., a Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure and / or an RRC procedure) to establish a radio connection. As another example, first UE 704 can move to a cell coverage area provided by network node 702 and can perform a handover from a source network node (e.g., another network node 110) to network node 702. Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 and first UE 704 can communicate via this connection based at least in part on any combination of Layer 1 signaling (e.g., DCI and / or UCI), Layer 2 signaling (e.g., MAC control element (CE)), and / or Layer 3 signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). For illustration, network node 702 may request UE capability information via RRC signaling, and / or the first UE 704 may send UE capability information via RRC signaling. As part of communication via this connection, network node 702 may send configuration information via Layer 3 signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), and activate and / or deactivate specific configurations via Layer 2 signaling (e.g., MAC CE) and / or Layer 1 signaling (e.g., DCI). For illustration, network node 702 may send configuration information via Layer 3 signaling at a first time point associated with the first UE 704 tolerating communication delays, and network node 702 may send activation of the configuration via Layer 2 signaling and / or Layer 1 signaling at a second time point associated with the first UE 704 not tolerating communication delays.

[0136] As shown by reference numeral 720, network node 702 can establish a connection with second UE 706. For illustration, network node 702 and second UE 706 can use any combination of the examples described with respect to reference numeral 730 to establish a connection and / or communicate with each other.

[0137] As shown by reference numeral 730 in the accompanying drawings, network node 702 may send a measurement configuration indicating the generation of one or more per-port measurement metrics, and a first UE 704 and / or a second UE 706 may receive the measurement configuration. As an example, network node 702 may send the measurement configuration in a multicast message including the first UE 704 and the second UE 706. As another example, network node 702 may send a first indication of the measurement configuration in a first unicast message directed to the first UE 704, and a second indication of the measurement configuration in a second unicast message directed to the second UE 706. While example 700 includes network node 702 sending the measurement configuration, other examples may not include network node 702 sending a measurement configuration indicating the generation of per-port measurement metrics.

[0138] In some respects, channel reciprocity between the downlink and uplink may be unavailable. That is, network node 702 may not be able to use the channel characteristics of the first uplink with the first UE 704 to characterize the first downlink with the first UE 704. Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 may not be able to use the channel characteristics of the second uplink with the second UE 706 to characterize the second downlink with the second UE 706. Therefore, network node 702 may send a measurement configuration to instruct the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 to generate per-port measurement metrics to provide, at least in part, corresponding channel condition information based on the respective antenna ports. Network node 702 can then use the corresponding channel condition information to select one or more sets of antenna elements, as described below with respect to reference numeral 750.

[0139] In some aspects, measurement configuration may include and / or indicate reference signal (RS) configurations (such as by indicating one or more air interface resources for RS configuration). RS configurations may include multiple RS configurations for multiple RSs, and each RS configuration may be associated with a corresponding port and / or per-port measurement metric. For example, the measurement configuration and / or the corresponding RS configuration indicated by the measurement configuration may specify (e.g., at network node 702) a corresponding transmit port of the antenna array for each RS and / or a corresponding air interface resource for each of one or more RSs.

[0140] Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 may use the RS configuration indicated in the measurement configuration to transmit RS. For example, when transmitting RSS, network node 702 may use the corresponding transmit port of the antenna array and / or the corresponding air interface resources as specified by the measurement configuration to transmit each RS. Therefore, network node 702 may use different ports and / or different air interface resources indicated by the RS configuration specified by the measurement configuration to transmit RS. As a non-limiting example, network node 702 may configure and / or indicate the CSI-RS resource configuration via the measurement configuration, and network node 702 may use the CSI-RS resource configuration to transmit CSI-RS. The measurement configuration may alternatively or additionally indicate a CSI reporting configuration that indicates the generation of per-port RSRP measurement metrics based at least in part on CSI-RS.

[0141] In some aspects, network node 702 can specify, via measurement configuration, the return of one or more periodic per-port measurement metrics via periodic measurement reports. Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 can indicate, via measurement configuration, one or more air interface resources to be used for sending periodic measurement reports (such as by indicating configuration permission). Measurement configuration can specify the measurement duration (e.g., sampling window) to be used for generating per-port measurement metrics and / or the periodicity for returning the corresponding periodic measurement reports.

[0142] Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 can specify, through measurement configuration, the return of one or more aperiodic measurement reports including one or more per-port measurement metrics. For illustration, the measurement configuration may indicate triggering conditions for sending the aperiodic measurement reports, such as measurement thresholds and / or error rate thresholds. Therefore, first UE 704 and / or second UE 706 may iteratively generate measurement metrics (e.g., per-port measurement metrics) and use the measurement metrics to evaluate the triggering conditions. Based at least in part on the measurement metrics satisfying the triggering conditions, first UE 704 and / or second UE 706 may send an aperiodic measurement report, as described below with respect to reference numeral 740.

[0143] Although Figure 7 The example illustrates network node 702 autonomously sending measurement configuration, but other examples may include network node 702 sending measurement configuration at least in part based on requests from first UE 704 and / or second UE 706. For example, first UE 704 and / or second UE 706 may send a measurement report request for the measurement configuration, and network node 702 may receive this measurement report request. For example, first UE 704 and / or second UE 706 may detect the occurrence of a measurement triggering condition (e.g., a measurement triggering condition of RRC configuration) and may send a measurement report request indicating that first UE 704 and / or second UE 706 is requesting the sending of a measurement report including per-port measurement metrics. Therefore, network node 702 may send measurement configuration at least in part based on receiving a measurement report request.

[0144] Alternatively or additionally, in addition to the measurement configuration and / or as an alternative to the measurement configuration, network node 702 may send data on one or more power offsets (such as those related to...). Figure 6The power offset 620 described herein is an indication. For illustration, the antenna array at network node 702 may include multiple sets of antenna element combinations (e.g., multiple antenna elements of the antenna array may be grouped into various antenna element combinations). Based at least in part on the fact that the antenna array includes multiple antenna element combinations, network node 702 may send an indication of the power offset associated with the antenna array and the various antenna element combinations. As an example, each power offset may be associated with a corresponding pair between two sets of antenna element combinations. For illustration, a first set of antenna element combinations may include a first set 604 of antenna elements, a second set of antenna element combinations may include a second set 612 of antenna elements, and the corresponding paired power offset may include power offset 620. Network node 702 may indicate a calculated power offset, and / or may indicate a pre-configured set of power offset candidates. For example, a communication standard may specify one or more candidate power offsets, and / or network node 702 may communicate a set of potential power offsets (e.g., via RRC signaling) as part of establishing a connection with the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706. In some respects, network node 702 may indicate the selection of one or more of candidate power offsets and / or potential power offsets to specify a particular power offset between sets of antenna element combinations (e.g., a first set 604 of antenna elements and a second set 612 of antenna elements).

[0145] In some aspects, the power offset may be based at least in part on a reference set of antenna elements. For example, network node 702 may select a specific set of antenna element combinations from a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations as the reference set of antenna elements, and each corresponding pair between two sets of antenna element combinations may be based at least in part on the reference set of antenna elements. In some aspects, each power offset may indicate a relative power offset and / or relative power difference between the reference set of antenna elements and the specific set of antenna element combinations. Alternatively or additionally, the power offset and / or relative power difference may be based at least in part on the reference set of antenna elements and a complementary set of antenna elements, the complementary set of antenna elements including at least one antenna element of the antenna array excluded from the reference set of antenna elements. In some examples, the reference set of antenna elements is a fixed set of antenna elements (e.g., specified by a communication standard). In other examples, network node 702 may select and / or configure the reference set of antenna elements as described above. Alternatively or additionally, the reference set of antenna elements may be a first set of antenna elements that can be used to generate a transmission as a mixed signal (e.g., different digital modulation formats and / or different waveform types) and / or a second set of antenna elements that can be used to generate a transmission that is not a mixed signal.

[0146] Network node 702 may use any combination of Layer 1 signaling, Layer 2 signaling, and / or Layer 3 signaling to send an indication of power offset. In one example, network node 702 may send an indication of power offset in an RS resource configuration and / or an RS reporting configuration. In at least one aspect, the measurement configuration includes an RS resource configuration, an RS reporting configuration, and / or a power offset. As a non-limiting example, the RS resource configuration is a CSI-RS resource configuration, and / or the RS reporting configuration is a CSI-RS reporting configuration.

[0147] While network node 702 can send a measurement configuration instructing the generation of per-port measurement metrics, in other examples, network node 702 can generate per-port measurement metrics, such as when channel reciprocity exists between the downlink and uplink. As an example, network node 702 can use one or more uplink RSs (such as sounding reference signals (SRS)) to generate per-port measurement metrics. For instance, network node 702 can receive uplink RSs via alternating receive ports and can use the uplink RSs received via the respective receive ports to generate the corresponding per-port measurement metrics.

[0148] As indicated by reference numeral 740 in the accompanying drawings, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send a corresponding measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics, and the network node 702 may receive the corresponding measurement report. That is, the first UE 704 may send a first measurement report including per-port measurement metrics generated by the first UE 704, and / or the second UE 706 may send a second measurement report including per-port measurement metrics generated by the second UE 706. As described above, an example per-port measurement metric may include a per-port RSRP measurement metric. The first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may use any combination of Layer 1 signaling, Layer 2 signaling, and / or Layer 3 signaling to send the corresponding measurement report. As an example, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send a measurement report including per-port measurement metrics in UCI, MAC CE, and / or RRC signaling. Alternatively or additionally, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send the measurement report in PUSCH and / or PUCCH.

[0149] The first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send periodic measurement reports and / or aperiodic measurement reports. In some aspects, the measurement reports (e.g., periodic and / or aperiodic) may indicate per-port measurement metrics at least in part based on absolute per-port measurement metrics and / or relative per-port measurement metrics. For example, the measurement report may include a first per-port measurement metric associated with a reference port. The measurement report may include additional per-port measurement metrics, and the additional per-port measurement metrics may respectively indicate the relative per-port measurement metric relative to the absolute per-port measurement metric. Alternatively or additionally, the relative per-port measurement metric may indicate the difference between a non-reference port measurement metric and a reference per-port measurement metric. Thus, the relative per-port measurement metric may indicate the difference relative to the absolute per-port measurement metric. In some aspects, the reference port may be selected and / or configured by the network node 702 (e.g., indicated to the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706), while in other aspects, the reference port may be a default reference port specified by a communication standard, such as the reference port with the smallest port index in a set of ports.

[0150] As described above, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send a measurement report including a per-port measurement metric based at least in part on the detection of a triggering condition, such as a triggering condition associated with a per-port measurement metric meeting a threshold. Some non-limiting examples of triggering conditions and / or thresholds may include the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 observing a change in an estimated and / or calculated per-port RSRP measurement metric that differs from a previous per-port RSRP measurement metric by a measurement threshold (e.g., the change meets an RSRP change threshold), and / or a downlink block error rate (BLER) that meets a BLER threshold. In some aspects, the threshold and / or triggering condition may be configured by the network node 702. Thus, and at least in part based on the detection of a triggering condition, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send an aperiodic measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics. Alternatively or additionally, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may send one or more periodic measurement reports.

[0151] In some aspects, the first UE 704 and / or the second UE 706 may use at least one of one or more power offsets indicated by the network node 702 to calculate measurement metrics (e.g., per-port measurement metrics or non-per-port measurement metrics). As an example, the network node 702 may select all of the antenna elements in a plurality of antenna elements in an antenna array as a second set of antenna elements to be used for downlink transmission to the second UE 706. Therefore, in some aspects, the second UE 706 may use power offsets between different antenna sets to calculate measurement metrics such as CSI (e.g., pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and / or channel quality indicator (CQI)). That is, the second UE 706 may calculate CSI at least in part based on calculations that assume the corresponding per-port power of the ports of the antenna array is unequal (e.g., unequal per-port power).

[0152] For illustration, the second UE 704 may generate an estimate of the channel coefficients based at least in part on the measurement metrics generated using the received CSI-RS. The second UE 704 may then perform one or more operations (e.g., multiplication and / or addition) on the estimated channel coefficients using a pre-configured subset of ports to derive and / or compute a modified channel estimate. The second UE 704 may then compute the CSI (e.g., including PMI and / or CQI) based on the modified channel estimate. As described above, the network node 702 may include an indication of the power offset in the measurement configuration (e.g., CSI-RS resource configuration) and / or in the reporting configuration (e.g., CSI reporting configuration).

[0153] As shown by reference numeral 750 in the accompanying drawings, network node 702 can select a first set of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements from an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. That is, network node 702 can select one or more antenna elements from the multiple antenna elements to include in the first set of antenna elements, and select one or more antenna elements from the multiple antenna elements to include in the second set of antenna elements. In some aspects, the first set of antenna elements may include fewer antenna elements than all of the multiple antenna elements combined. Alternatively or additionally, the second set of antenna elements may include combinations of antenna elements different from the first set of antenna elements. In some aspects, the second set of antenna elements may include all of the multiple antenna elements combined, while in other aspects, the second set of antenna elements also includes fewer antenna elements than all of the multiple antenna elements combined. Therefore, network node 702 can use different sets of antenna elements to concurrently and / or simultaneously serve different UEs. At least one set of antenna elements may be a subarray of antenna elements, which includes fewer antenna elements than all of the antenna elements included in the antenna array at network node 702.

[0154] In some aspects, network node 702 may use one or more per-port measurement metrics to select a first set of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements. For example, as further described below, RSRP measurement metrics may infer geometric SNR, and network node 702 may select UEs to be paired together based at least in part on the corresponding geometric SNR and / or may select antenna elements for each set based at least in part on the paired UEs. Per-port measurement metrics may include per-port measurement metrics generated by the UE and / or per-port measurement metrics generated by the network node.

[0155] Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 may select a first set of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements based at least in part on selecting a pair (or more) of UEs grouped together by network node 702 for subarray multiplexing. As an example, network node 702 may pair first UE 704 and second UE 706 for subarray multiplexing transmission based on corresponding MCSs for corresponding downlink communications to each UE. For illustration, the corresponding MCSs may be based at least in part on the location and operating environment and / or operating conditions of each UE, such that first UE 704 is associated with a first MCS, which is higher than the second MCS associated with second UE 706. Therefore, network node 702 may pair first UE 704 and second UE 706 at least in part based on different MCSs. Based at least in part on different MCS and performing subarray multiplexing, network node 702 can select a first set of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements based at least in part on a subarray of antenna elements for first downlink communication to first UE 704 and a complete array of antenna elements for second downlink communication to second UE 706. That is, for subarray multiplexing, transmission based on a low MCS can be a complete array, and transmission based on a high MCS can use fewer antenna elements than a complete array.

[0156] Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 may pair the first UE 704 and the second UE 706 together for subarray multiplexing transmission based at least in part on one or more waveforms (e.g., digital modulation formats) available for transmission that can be used for subarray multiplexing. For example, the first UE 704 may be assigned a low MCS, and network node 702 may select Discrete Fourier Transform Extended (DFT-S) as the digital modulation format and / or waveform for a first downlink transmission to the first UE 704. Alternatively or additionally, the second UE 706 may be assigned a high MCS, and network node 702 may select OFDM as the digital modulation format and / or waveform for a second downlink transmission to the second UE 706. However, network node 702 may select other types of digital modulation formats and / or waveforms, such as on / off keying (OOK) and / or wake-up signals (WUS). In some aspects, network node 702 may use the following regarding... Figure 8 The described information is used to select combinations of waveforms for subarray multiplexing.

[0157] Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 may pair the first UE 704 and the second UE 706 at least in part based on the corresponding geometric SNR associated with each UE. “Geometry / geometric SNR” can represent the logarithm of the ratio of SNRs. In some aspects, geometric SNR provides information about the spatial distribution of signal and noise, such as the power variation of signal and / or noise across different spatial locations. Therefore, the use of geometric SNR allows network node 702 to identify and / or select UEs that can operate in locations and / or environments that respond positively to subarray multiplexing (e.g., reduced recovery errors). As an example, network node 702 may pair UEs with different geometric SNRs, such as by pairing a UE associated with a high geometric SNR (e.g., a geometric SNR that meets a high geometric SNR threshold) with a UE associated with a low geometric SNR (e.g., a geometric SNR that meets a low geometric SNR threshold). By pairing UEs with different geometric SNRs together, network node 702 can identify and / or configure downlink transmissions associated with UEs that respond well to subarray multiplexing as described above. In some respects, network node 702 can calculate the geometric SNR, while in others, network node 702 can use other measurement metrics, such as path loss measurement metrics and / or RSRP measurement metrics, to infer the geometric SNR of the UE.

[0158] As shown by reference numeral 760-1, network node 702 can transmit a first downlink communication, and a first UE 704 can receive the first downlink communication. In some aspects, network node 702 can use a first set of antenna elements to generate and / or transmit the first downlink communication. Alternatively or additionally, and as shown by reference numeral 760-2, concurrently with the first downlink communication, network node 702 can transmit a second downlink communication, and a second UE 706 can receive the second downlink communication. In some aspects, network node 702 can use a second set of antenna elements to generate and / or transmit the second downlink communication. As described above, the first downlink communication can use a first MCS, and the second downlink communication can use a second MCS different from the first MCS. Alternatively or additionally, network node 702 can transmit a subarray multiplexed hybrid signal, such that the first downlink communication and the second downlink communication can use different digital modulation formats and / or different waveforms. For example, one of the first downlink communication and the second downlink communication may use a DFT-S waveform that meets a low PAPR threshold, and the other may use an OFDM waveform. Based at least in part on the mixed signal of the subarray multiplexing, network node 702 may indicate the digital modulation type and / or waveform type (such as by indicating the use of a DFT-S waveform in the first downlink communication or the second downlink communication (e.g., by indicating the modulation type and / or waveform in Layer 1 signaling, Layer 2 signaling and / or Layer 3 signaling)).

[0159] The use of subarray multiplexing allows a network node to select different sets of antenna elements from multiple antenna elements to concurrently serve different UEs operating in different environments and / or using transmissions with different MCS. For example, a network node may select a first set of antenna elements to serve a first UE via a first transmission using a low MCS, at least in part, based on a power boost provided via PA for the first transmission. The ability to provide a power boost for a transmission with a lower MCS can result in reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput. Alternatively or additionally, a network node may use a second set of antenna elements for a second transmission using a second MCS, at least in part, based on a second MCS lower than the first MCS. In some aspects, a second set of antenna elements can enable a network node to provide a PSD boost for the second transmission using a lower MCS and / or reduce beamforming loss for the first transmission using a higher MCS. Increasing the PSD boost for the second transmission using a lower MCS while concurrently mitigating beamforming loss for the first transmission using a higher MCS can result in reduced recovery errors and / or increased data throughput.

[0160] As indicated above, Figure 7 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 7 The examples described are different.

[0161] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example 800 of an example reuse performance chart according to this disclosure.

[0162] Example 800 includes a first graph 802 and a second graph 804, which provide example performance comparisons between FDM, TDM, and subarray multiplexing. The first graph 802 provides a comparison between the objective function and bandwidth ratio for multiplexed communication between two UEs with a geometric SNR difference of 35 dB. More specifically, the first graph 802 provides a comparison between two UEs receiving (1) communication using the full generated FDM multiplexing of the antenna array (shown as bold solid lines), (2) communication using subarray multiplexing with mixed waveforms and at least one waveform using antenna elements (shown as non-bold solid lines), and (3) communication using the full generated TDM multiplexing of the antenna array (shown as dashed lines). Examples of objective functions may include performance metrics such as data throughput, spectral efficiency, bit error rate, and / or proportional fairness (P-Fair) scheduling metrics. “Proportional fairness scheduling” can refer to the allocation of air interface resources (e.g., frequency domain resources, time domain resources, power resources, spatial resources, and / or decoding resources) in a radio network in a manner that maximizes the efficiency of using air interface resources. Maximizing this efficiency may include increasing data throughput, reducing recovery errors, and / or reducing data transmission latency. In some aspects, the goal of P-Fair scheduling is to provide scheduling to UEs in a manner that serves the needs of each UE, thereby optimizing the use of air interface resources and / or reducing air interface resource waste. In the first graph 802, the P-Fair scheduling metric is evaluated at least in part based on the bandwidth and power ratio, and the coordinates of the corresponding optimal point for each multiplexing technique are included in the first graph 802. In some aspects, the “optimal point” may represent the point where the bandwidth allocation ratio between two UEs has the potential to achieve the highest P-Fair metric.

[0163] Second Chart 804 provides a capacity comparison between a first UE and a second UE, at least in part based on the type of multiplexing used for the UEs. In Second Chart 804, capacity is evaluated in bits per second (bps) and hertz per Hz (Hz). That is, Second Chart 804 evaluates the capacity of each UE based on how many bits can be transmitted per Hz per second. “R1” represents the first capacity of the first UE (e.g., UE 1) operating in a low geometric SNR environment, and “R2” represents the second capacity of the second UE (e.g., UE 2) operating in a high geometric SNR environment. In Second Chart 804, the low geometric SNR environment of the first UE has a 35 dB difference from the high geometric SNR environment of the second UE. Figure 8As shown, the second chart 804 provides a comparison of efficiency and / or capacity metrics based at least in part on two UE receptions of the following: (1) communication using all generated TDM multiplexing with the antenna array (shown as a long dashed line), (2) communication using TDM multiplexing with a combined capacity of 1.4099 (shown as a double-dotted line), (3) communication using all generated FDM multiplexing with the antenna array (shown as a solid line), (4) communication using FDM multiplexing with a combined capacity of 1.4326 (shown as a dotted line), (5) communication using subarray multiplexing with a mixed waveform and at least one waveform using an antenna element (shown as a bold solid line), and (6) communication using subarray multiplexing with a mixed waveform, at least one waveform using an antenna element, and a combined capacity of 1.8701 (shown as a short dashed line). Maximizing P-Fair scheduling based at least in part on capacity performance metrics can be calculated using the expression R1×R2. As shown in the second figure 804, the first capacity of communication to the subarray multiplexing of the second UE with high geometric SNR is comparable to the second capacity of communication to the second UE via FDM (e.g., within a threshold) (e.g., based at least in part on minimized beamforming loss). However, the first UE with low geometric SNR achieves a 20% capacity gain due to improved PA efficiency on a low MCS antenna of 50%.

[0164] As indicated above, Figure 8 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 8 The examples described are different.

[0165] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, at a network node or a device within a network node, according to the present disclosure. Example process 900 is an example in which a device or network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with subarray multiplexing.

[0166] like Figure 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include: selecting from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having a combination of the plurality of antenna elements different from that of the first set of antenna elements (box 910). For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 12The communication manager 1206 described herein can select from an antenna array comprising a first set of antenna elements including one or more of the multiple antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements including one or more of the multiple antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than the multiple antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having different combinations of multiple antenna elements than the first set of antenna elements, as described above.

[0167] like Figure 9 As further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include using a first set of antenna elements to communicate first downlink communication to a first UE (block 920). For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 12 The receiving component 1202, transmitting component 1204 and / or communication manager 1206 depicted herein may use a first set of antenna elements to communicate a first downlink communication to a first UE, as described above.

[0168] like Figure 9 Further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include: using a second set of antenna elements to communicate second downlink communication concurrently with the first downlink communication to the second UE (block 930). For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 12 The receiving component 1202, transmitting component 1204 and / or communication manager 1206 depicted herein may use a second set of antenna elements to communicate with the first downlink and concurrently convey second downlink communication to the second UE, as described above.

[0169] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0170] In the first aspect, the first downlink communication uses a first MCS, and the second downlink communication uses a second MCS that is different from the first MCS.

[0171] In the second aspect, the second set of antenna elements includes all the antenna elements in the plurality of antenna elements.

[0172] In the third aspect, the first downlink communication uses a first digital modulation, and the second downlink communication uses a second digital modulation that is different from the first digital modulation.

[0173] In the fourth aspect, the first downlink communication has a first geometric SNR, and the second downlink communication has a second geometric SNR that is different from the first geometric SNR.

[0174] In a fifth aspect, process 900 includes: sending a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics; receiving a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics; and selecting a first set of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements, including selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements using the measurement report.

[0175] In a sixth aspect, process 900 includes configuring one or more RSs indicated in the measurement configuration by configuring at least one of the following: a corresponding transmit port of the antenna array for each of the one or more RSs or a corresponding air interface resource for each of the one or more RSs.

[0176] In the seventh aspect, process 900 includes sending each RS based at least in part on this configuration.

[0177] In the eighth aspect, one or more per-port measurement metrics include one or more per-port RSRP measurement metrics.

[0178] In the ninth aspect, receiving measurement reports includes receiving measurement reports within uplink control information.

[0179] In the tenth aspect, receiving measurement reports includes receiving measurement reports in MAC CE.

[0180] In the eleventh aspect, receiving a measurement report includes receiving a measurement report from at least one of the following: the physical uplink shared channel or the physical uplink control channel.

[0181] In the twelfth aspect, the measurement configuration instruction returns one or more periodic per-port measurement metrics via periodic measurement reports.

[0182] In the thirteenth aspect, the measurement configuration indicates the triggering conditions for generating one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0183] In the fourteenth aspect, process 900 includes receiving a non-periodic measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0184] In the fifteenth aspect, process 900 includes receiving a measurement report request for a measurement configuration and sending the measurement configuration at least in part based on the receipt of the measurement report request.

[0185] In the sixteenth aspect, the measurement report indicates the absolute per-port measurement metric of the reference port, and one or more relative per-port measurement metrics that indicate the difference relative to the absolute per-port measurement metric.

[0186] In the seventeenth aspect, process 900 includes using one or more uplink RSs to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics, and selecting a first set of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements includes using one or more per-port measurement metrics to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

[0187] In the eighteenth aspect, at least one of the first downlink communication or the second downlink communication includes a DFT-S waveform that satisfies a low PAPR threshold.

[0188] In the nineteenth aspect, process 900 includes indicating at least one of the following: a first downlink communication or a second downlink communication including a DFT-S waveform: radio resource control signaling, MAC CE, or downlink control information.

[0189] In a twentieth aspect, process 900 includes sending an indication of one or more power offsets, the plurality of antenna elements comprising a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and each power offset being associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0190] In the twenty-first aspect, sending an indication for one or more power offsets includes sending the indication in at least one of the following: RS resource configuration or RS report configuration.

[0191] In the twenty-second aspect, RS resource configuration includes channel state information RS resource configuration.

[0192] In aspect twenty-three, RS report configuration includes channel state information RS report configuration.

[0193] In the twenty-fourth aspect, a specific set of antenna element combinations in a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and the corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations includes the reference set of antenna elements and the corresponding set of antenna element combinations in a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0194] In the twentieth aspect, a particular set of antenna element combinations in a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and transmitting an indication of one or more power offsets includes indicating a relative power difference between the reference set of antenna elements and a complementary set of antenna elements, the complementary set of antenna elements including one or more antenna elements from a plurality of antenna elements excluded from the reference set of antenna elements.

[0195] although Figure 9 An example box of process 900 is shown, but in some respects, process 900 may include... Figure 9The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 900 may be executed in parallel.

[0196] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000 performed, for example, at a UE or a device of a UE, according to this disclosure. Example process 1000 is an example in which a device or UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with subarray multiplexing.

[0197] like Figure 10 As shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics, which are at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements (box 1010). For example, a UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306 depicted herein may receive a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics, which are at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements, as described above.

[0198] like Figure 10 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include sending a measurement report (box 1020) indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics. For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The transmitting component 1304 and / or the communication manager 1306 described herein can transmit a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics, as described above.

[0199] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0200] In the first aspect, the measurement configuration indicates at least one of the corresponding transmit ports of the antenna array for each of the one or more RSs or the corresponding air interface resources for each of the one or more RSs.

[0201] In the second aspect, one or more per-port measurement metrics include one or more per-port RSRP measurement metrics.

[0202] Thirdly, sending measurement reports includes sending measurement reports within uplink control information.

[0203] In the fourth aspect, sending measurement reports includes sending measurement reports in MAC CE.

[0204] In the fifth aspect, sending a measurement report includes sending a measurement report via at least one of the following: the physical uplink shared channel or the physical uplink control channel.

[0205] In the sixth aspect, the measurement configuration instruction returns one or more periodic per-port measurement metrics via periodic measurement reports.

[0206] In the seventh aspect, the measurement configuration indicates the triggering conditions for generating one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0207] In the eighth aspect, process 1000 includes: detecting a trigger condition; and sending an aperiodic measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics based at least in part on the detection of the trigger condition.

[0208] In the ninth aspect, process 1000 includes sending a measurement report request for a measurement configuration and receiving the measurement configuration at least in part based on sending the measurement report request.

[0209] In the tenth aspect, the measurement report indicates the absolute per-port measurement metric of the reference port, and one or more relative per-port measurement metrics that indicate the difference relative to the absolute per-port measurement metric.

[0210] although Figure 10 An example box of process 1000 is shown, but in some respects, process 1000 may include... Figure 10 The boxes depicted in the diagram are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1000 may be executed in parallel.

[0211] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, at a UE or a device of a UE, according to this disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example in which a device or UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with subarray multiplexing.

[0212] like Figure 11 As shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving an indication of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements (block 1110). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306 depicted herein may receive indications of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements, as described above.

[0213] like Figure 11Further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include calculating a measurement metric using at least one of one or more power offsets, the plurality of antenna elements comprising a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and each of the one or more power offsets being associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations (box 1120). For example, a UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The communication manager 1306 depicted herein may use at least one of one or more power offsets to calculate a measurement metric. The plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations within the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, as described above. In some aspects, the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations. In some aspects, each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations within the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0214] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0215] In the first aspect, receiving an indication of one or more power offsets includes receiving the indication in at least one of: RS resource configuration or RS report configuration.

[0216] Secondly, RS resource configuration includes channel state information RS resource configuration.

[0217] In the third aspect, RS report configuration includes channel state information RS report configuration.

[0218] In the fourth aspect, a specific set of antenna element combinations in a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and the corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations includes the reference set of antenna elements and the corresponding set of antenna element combinations in a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0219] In the fifth aspect, a specific set of antenna element combinations in a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and receiving an indication of one or more power offsets includes receiving a relative power difference between the reference set of antenna elements and a complementary set of antenna elements as one or more power offsets, the complementary set of antenna elements including one or more antenna elements from a plurality of antenna elements excluded from the reference set of antenna elements.

[0220] In the sixth aspect, the measurement metrics include channel state information measurement metrics.

[0221] although Figure 11 An example box of process 1100 is shown, but in some respects, process 1100 may include... Figure 11 The boxes depicted herein are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1100 may be executed in parallel.

[0222] Figure 12 This is a diagram of an example device 1200 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1200 may be a network node, or a network node may include device 1200. In some aspects, device 1200 includes a receiving component 1202, a transmitting component 1204, and / or a communication manager 1206, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 1206 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 150. As shown, device 1200 can communicate with another device 1208 (such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 1202 and transmitting component 1204.

[0223] In some respects, device 1200 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 5A to 8 One or more operations as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein (such as...). Figure 9 The process 900) or a combination thereof. In some respects, Figure 12 The illustrated device 1200 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described network node. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 12 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0224] Receiver 1202 may receive communications from device 1208, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1202 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1200. In some aspects, receiver 1202 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications, and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1200. In some aspects, receiver 1202 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described network node may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, receiver component 1202 and / or transmitter component 1204 may include or be included in a network interface. The network interface may be configured to acquire and / or output signals for device 1200 via one or more communication links, such as backhaul links, midhaul links, and / or fronthaul links.

[0225] Transmitting component 1204 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1208. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1200 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1204 for transmission to device 1208. In some aspects, transmitting component 1204 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1208. In some aspects, transmitting component 1204 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described network node includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1204 may co-located with the receive component 1202 in one or more transceivers.

[0226] The communication manager 1206 may support the operation of the receiving component 1202 and / or the transmitting component 1204. For example, the communication manager 1206 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communications by the receiving component 1202 and / or the transmission of communications by the transmitting component 1204. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1206 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1202 and / or the transmitting component 1204 to control the reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0227] The communication manager 1206 can select from an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements a first set of antenna elements including one or more of the multiple antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements including one or more of the multiple antenna elements. The first set of antenna elements includes fewer antenna elements than the multiple antenna elements, and the second set of antenna elements has multiple combinations of antenna elements that are different from those in the first set of antenna elements. The receiving component 1202 and / or the transmitting component 1204 can use the first set of antenna elements to communicate first downlink communication to a first UE. The receiving component 1202 and / or the transmitting component 1204 can use the second set of antenna elements to concurrently communicate second downlink communication to a second UE in conjunction with the first downlink communication.

[0228] Transmitting component 1204 may transmit a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurements. Alternatively or additionally, receiving component 1202 may receive a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurements. In some aspects, communication manager 1206 may configure the one or more RSs indicated in the measurement configuration by configuring at least one of the following: a corresponding transmit port of the antenna array for each of the one or more RSs, or a corresponding air interface resource for each of the one or more RSs. Transmitting component 1204 may transmit each RS at least in part based on this configuration.

[0229] The receiving component 1202 may receive non-periodic measurement reports indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics. Alternatively or additionally, the receiving component 1202 may receive measurement report requests for measurement configurations and send the measurement configurations at least in part based on the receipt of the measurement report requests. In some aspects, the communication manager 1206 may use one or more uplink RSs to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0230] The communication manager 1206 may indicate at least one of the following: a first downlink communication or a second downlink communication including a DFT-S waveform: radio resource control signaling, MAC CE, or downlink control information. Alternatively or additionally, the transmitting component 1204 may transmit indications of one or more power offsets, the plurality of antenna elements comprising a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and each power offset being associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0231] Figure 12 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 12 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 12The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 12 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 12 The collection of (one or more) components shown is executable and described as being composed of Figure 12 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0232] Figure 13 This is a diagram of an example device 1300 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1300 may be a UE, or a UE may include device 1300. In some aspects, device 1300 includes a receiving component 1302, a transmitting component 1304, and / or a communication manager 1306, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 1306 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 140. As shown, device 1300 can communicate with another device 1308 (such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 1302 and transmitting component 1304.

[0233] In some respects, device 1300 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 5A to 8 One or more operations as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1000 of Figure 1000. Figure 11 The process 1100 or a combination thereof. In some respects, Figure 13 The illustrated device 1300 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described UE. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 13 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0234] Receiver 1302 may receive communications from device 1308, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1302 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1300. In some aspects, receiver 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1300. In some aspects, receiver 1302 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof.

[0235] Transmitting component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1308. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1300 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1304 for transmission to device 1308. In some aspects, transmitting component 1304 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1308. In some aspects, transmitting component 1304 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1304 may co-located with the receive component 1302 in one or more transceivers.

[0236] The communication manager 1306 may support the operation of the receiving component 1302 and / or the transmitting component 1304. For example, the communication manager 1306 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communications by the receiving component 1302 and / or the transmission of communications by the transmitting component 1304. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1306 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1302 and / or the transmitting component 1304 to control the reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0237] The receiving component 1302 can receive a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more RSs to generate one or more per-port measurements, the one or more per-port measurements being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. The transmitting component 1304 can transmit a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurements.

[0238] The communication manager 1306 can detect trigger conditions. Alternatively or additionally, the transmitting component 1304 can transmit a non-periodic measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics based at least in part on the detection of the trigger condition. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1304 can transmit a measurement report request for a measurement configuration and receive the measurement configuration based at least in part on the transmission of the measurement report request.

[0239] The receiving component 1302 can receive indications of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements. The communication manager 1306 can use at least one of the one or more power offsets to calculate a measurement metric, wherein the multiple antenna elements comprise multiple sets of antenna element combinations, and each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the multiple sets of antenna element combinations.

[0240] Figure 13 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 13 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 13 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 13 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 13 The collection of (one or more) components shown is executable and described as being composed of Figure 13 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0241] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0242] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: selecting from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements a first set of antenna elements including one or more of the plurality of antenna elements and a second set of antenna elements including one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, the first set of antenna elements comprising fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, the second set of antenna elements having a combination of the plurality of antenna elements different from that of the first set of antenna elements; using the first set of antenna elements to communicate a first downlink communication to a first user equipment (UE); and using the second set of antenna elements to communicate a second downlink communication concurrently with the first downlink communication to a second UE.

[0243] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the first downlink communication uses a first modulation and decoding scheme (MCS), and wherein the second downlink communication uses a second MCS different from the first MCS.

[0244] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein the second set of antenna elements includes all of the plurality of antenna elements.

[0245] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the first downlink communication uses a first digital modulation, and wherein the second downlink communication uses a second digital modulation different from the first digital modulation.

[0246] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the first downlink communication has a first geometric signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and wherein the second downlink communication has a second geometric SNR different from the first geometric SNR.

[0247] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, the method further comprising: transmitting a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more reference signals (RS) to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics; and receiving a measurement report indicating the one or more per-port measurement metrics, wherein selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements comprises: using the measurement report to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements, wherein selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements comprises: using the measurement report to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

[0248] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6 further includes configuring the one or more RSs indicated in the measurement configuration by configuring at least one of the following: a corresponding transmit port of the antenna array for each of the one or more RSs or a corresponding air interface resource for each of the one or more RSs.

[0249] Aspect 8: The method according to aspect 7 further includes: sending each RS at least in part based on the configuration.

[0250] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 6, wherein the one or more per-port measurement metrics include one or more per-port reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement metrics.

[0251] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 6, receiving the measurement report includes: receiving the measurement report in uplink control information.

[0252] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 6, receiving the measurement report includes: receiving the measurement report in a media access control (MAC) control element (CE).

[0253] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 6, receiving the measurement report includes receiving the measurement report in at least one of the following: physical uplink shared channel or physical uplink control channel.

[0254] Aspect 13: The method according to aspect 6, wherein the measurement configuration instruction returns one or more periodic per-port measurement metrics via a periodic measurement report.

[0255] Aspect 14: According to the method of aspect 6, wherein the measurement configuration indicates the triggering conditions for generating the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0256] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 14, the method further comprising: receiving an aperiodic measurement report indicating the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0257] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 6, the method further comprising: receiving a measurement report request for the measurement configuration, wherein sending the measurement configuration is at least in part based on receiving the measurement report request.

[0258] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 6, wherein the measurement report indicates: an absolute per-port measurement metric for a reference port, and one or more relative per-port measurement metrics indicating the difference relative to the absolute per-port measurement metric.

[0259] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17, the method further comprising: generating one or more per-port measurement metrics using one or more uplink reference signals (RS), wherein selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements comprises: selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements using the one or more per-port measurement metrics, wherein selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements comprises: selecting the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements using the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0260] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 18, wherein at least one of the first downlink communication or the second downlink communication comprises a Discrete Fourier Transform Extended (DFT-S) waveform that satisfies a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) threshold.

[0261] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 19, the method further comprising: indicating, in at least one of the following, that the first downlink communication or the at least one of the second downlink communication includes the DFT-S waveform: radio resource control signaling, media access control (MAC) control element (CE) or downlink control information.

[0262] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 20, the method further comprising: sending an indication of one or more power offsets, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each power offset is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0263] Aspect 22: According to the method of aspect 21, wherein sending the indication for the one or more power offsets comprises sending the indication in at least one of: Reference Signal (RS) resource configuration or RS report configuration.

[0264] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 22, wherein the RS resource configuration includes channel state information RS resource configuration.

[0265] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 22, wherein the RS report configuration includes channel state information RS report configuration.

[0266] Aspect 25: According to the method of aspect 21, a particular set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and the corresponding pairing between the two sets of antenna element combinations includes the reference set of antenna elements and the corresponding set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0267] Aspect 26: The method according to aspect 21, wherein a particular set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and wherein sending the indication of the one or more power offsets includes: indicating a relative power difference between the reference set of antenna elements and a complementary set of antenna elements, the complementary set of antenna elements including one or more antenna elements from the plurality of antenna elements that are excluded from the reference set of antenna elements.

[0268] Aspect 27: A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a measurement configuration indicating the use of one or more reference signals (RS) to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics, the one or more per-port measurement metrics being at least partially based on an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements; and transmitting a measurement report indicating the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0269] Aspect 28: According to the method of aspect 27, wherein the measurement configuration indicates at least one of the following: a corresponding transmit port of the antenna array for each of the one or more RSs or a corresponding air interface resource for each of the one or more RSs.

[0270] Aspect 29: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 28, wherein the one or more per-port measurement metrics include one or more per-port reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement metrics.

[0271] Aspect 30: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 29, wherein sending the measurement report comprises: sending the measurement report in uplink control information.

[0272] Aspect 31: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 30, wherein sending the measurement report comprises: sending the measurement report in a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE).

[0273] Aspect 32: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 31, wherein sending the measurement report comprises sending the measurement report in at least one of: a physical uplink shared channel or a physical uplink control channel.

[0274] Aspect 33: The method according to any one of aspects 27 to 32, wherein the measurement configuration indicates the return of one or more periodic per-port measurement metrics via a periodic measurement report.

[0275] Aspect 34: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 33, wherein the measurement configuration indicates the triggering conditions for generating the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

[0276] Aspect 35: The method according to aspect 34 further includes: detecting the triggering condition; and sending an aperiodic measurement report indicating the one or more per-port measurement metrics based at least in part on the detection of the triggering condition.

[0277] Aspect 36: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 35, the method further comprising: sending a measurement report request for the measurement configuration, wherein receiving the measurement configuration is at least in part based on sending the measurement report request.

[0278] Aspect 37: The method according to any one of Aspects 27 to 36, wherein the measurement report indicates: an absolute per-port measurement metric of a reference port, and one or more relative per-port measurement metrics indicating the difference relative to the absolute per-port measurement metric.

[0279] Aspect 38: A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving an indication of one or more power offsets associated with an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements; and calculating a measurement metric using at least one of the one or more power offsets, wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and wherein each of the one or more power offsets is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0280] Aspect 39: According to the method of aspect 38, receiving the indication for the one or more power offsets includes receiving the indication in at least one of: Reference Signal (RS) resource configuration or RS report configuration.

[0281] Aspect 40: The method according to aspect 39, wherein the RS resource configuration includes channel state information RS resource configuration.

[0282] Aspect 41: The method according to aspect 39, wherein the RS report configuration includes channel state information RS report configuration.

[0283] Aspect 42: The method according to any one of aspects 38 to 41, wherein a particular set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and wherein the corresponding pairing between the two sets of antenna element combinations includes the reference set of antenna elements and the corresponding set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

[0284] Aspect 43: The method according to any one of aspects 38 to 42, wherein a particular set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and wherein receiving the indication of the one or more power offsets comprises: receiving a relative power difference between the reference set of antenna elements and a complementary set of antenna elements as the one or more power offsets, the complementary set of antenna elements comprising one or more antenna elements from the plurality of antenna elements that are excluded from the reference set of antenna elements.

[0285] Aspect 44: According to the method of aspect 43, the measurement metric includes a channel state information measurement metric.

[0286] Aspect 45: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0287] Aspect 46: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0288] Aspect 47: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 44.

[0289] Aspect 48: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0290] Aspect 49: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0291] Aspect 50: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0292] Aspect 51: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0293] Aspect 52: According to the method of aspect 43, wherein the measurement metric includes a channel state information measurement metric.

[0294] Aspect 53: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0295] Aspect 54: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0296] Aspect 55: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0297] Aspect 56: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0298] Aspect 57: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0299] Aspect 58: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0300] Aspect 59: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 27 to 37.

[0301] Aspect 60: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0302] Aspect 61: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0303] Aspect 62: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0304] Aspect 63: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0305] Aspect 64: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0306] Aspect 65: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0307] Aspect 66: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 38 to 44.

[0308] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various forms of practice.

[0309] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. "Software" should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or other terms. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems or methods described herein may be implemented in various forms of hardware or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, the operation and behavior of these systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems or methods, at least in part, based on the description herein. Unless otherwise stated, a component configured to perform a function means that the component has the capability to perform that function, but it is not necessary for the component to actually perform that function.

[0310] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0311] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of” in a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of the following: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0312] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” Similarly, as used herein, the article “described” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “described” and is used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “having” and similar terms are intended as open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., “having” A may also have B). Additionally, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based on or otherwise related to” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used consecutively and is interchangeable with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “either of the two” or “only one of them”). It should be understood that “one or more” is equivalent to “at least one”.

[0313] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims or disclosed in the description, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically stated in the claims or disclosed in the description. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, the apparatus comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories and configured to cause the network node to: A first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements is selected from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, wherein the first set of antenna elements comprises fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, and the second set of antenna elements has a combination of the plurality of antenna elements that is different from the first set of antenna elements; The first set of antenna elements is used to communicate the first downlink communication to the first user equipment (UE); as well as The second set of antenna elements is used to communicate the second downlink communication concurrently with the first downlink communication to the second UE.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first downlink communication uses a first modulation and decoding scheme (MCS), and The second downlink communication uses a second MCS that is different from the first MCS.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first downlink communication uses a first digital modulation, and The second downlink communication uses a second digital modulation that is different from the first digital modulation.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first downlink communication has a first geometric signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and The second downlink communication has a second geometric SNR that is different from the first geometric SNR.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the network node to: Send an instruction to use one or more reference signals (RS) to generate a measurement configuration for one or more per-port measurement metrics; and Receive a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics. In order for the network node to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements, the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to: The measurement report is used to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the network node to: Receive a measurement report request for the measurement configuration. In order for the network node to send the measurement configuration, the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to: Sending the measurement configuration is based at least in part on receiving the measurement report request.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the network node to: Use one or more uplink reference signals (RS) to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics. In order for the network node to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements, the one or more processors are configured to cause the network node to: The first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements are selected using one or more per-port measurements.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first downlink communication or the second downlink communication comprises a Discrete Fourier Transform Extended (DFT-S) waveform that satisfies a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) threshold.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the network node to: Send an indication of one or more power offsets. The plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and Each power offset is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

10. A method for wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: A first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements is selected from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, wherein the first set of antenna elements comprises fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, and the second set of antenna elements has a combination of the plurality of antenna elements that is different from the first set of antenna elements; The first set of antenna elements is used to communicate the first downlink communication to the first user equipment (UE); as well as The second set of antenna elements is used to communicate the second downlink communication concurrently with the first downlink communication to the second UE.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first downlink communication uses a first modulation and decoding scheme (MCS), and The second downlink communication uses a second MCS that is different from the first MCS.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the first downlink communication uses a first digital modulation, and The second downlink communication uses a second digital modulation that is different from the first digital modulation.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising: Send an instruction to use one or more reference signals (RS) to generate a measurement configuration for one or more per-port measurement metrics; as well as Receive a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics. The first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements include: The measurement report is used to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the measurement configuration indicates the triggering conditions for generating the one or more per-port measurement metrics.

15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: Receive non-periodic measurement reports indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics.

16. The method according to claim 10, further comprising: Use one or more uplink reference signals (RS) to generate one or more per-port measurement metrics. The first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements include: The first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements are selected using one or more per-port measurements.

17. The method according to claim 10, further comprising: Send an indication of one or more power offsets. The plurality of antenna elements comprises a plurality of sets of antenna element combinations, and Each power offset is associated with a corresponding pairing between two sets of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein a particular set of antenna element combinations in the plurality of sets of antenna element combinations is a reference set of antenna elements, and Sending the indication for the one or more power offsets includes: The relative power difference between the reference set of antenna elements and the complementary set of antenna elements, the complementary set of antenna elements including one or more antenna elements from the plurality of antenna elements that are excluded from the reference set of antenna elements.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, cause the network node to: A first set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements is selected from an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, and a second set of antenna elements comprising one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, wherein the first set of antenna elements comprises fewer antenna elements than the plurality of antenna elements, and the second set of antenna elements has a combination of the plurality of antenna elements that is different from the first set of antenna elements; The first set of antenna elements is used to communicate the first downlink communication to the first user equipment (UE); as well as The second set of antenna elements is used to communicate the second downlink communication concurrently with the first downlink communication to the second UE.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein one or more instructions further cause the network node to: Send an instruction to use one or more reference signals (RS) to generate a measurement configuration for one or more per-port measurement metrics; and Receive a measurement report indicating one or more per-port measurement metrics. The instructions that cause the network node to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements cause the network node to: The measurement report is used to select the first set of antenna elements and the second set of antenna elements.

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