Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a reception unit configured to receive a setting of association of a plurality of resources with a plurality of measurement candidate resources in a first frequency resource among a plurality of frequency resources, and a control unit configured to determine, in a case where a resource among the plurality of resources is in a service state, one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources with which the resource is associated, based on the setting. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, appropriate communication can be performed using a unit different from that of a conventional cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of further increasing data rates and reducing latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving upon LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The development of successor systems to LTE is also underway (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR, 6G, etc.), research is underway on cell-free communication using terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) that utilize units different from existing cells for communication.

[0009] However, specific research on cellless communication is still insufficient. Given this lack of research, there are concerns that improvements in communication quality / throughput may be hampered.

[0010] Therefore, one of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations that utilize units different from existing cell units for appropriate communication.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] The terminal disclosed herein is characterized by comprising: a receiving unit for receiving a setting that includes a first frequency resource among a plurality of frequency resources and an association between the plurality of resources and a plurality of measurement candidate resources; and a control unit for determining, based on the setting, one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource when the resource among the plurality of resources is in a service state.

[0013] Invention Effects

[0014] According to one method disclosed herein, appropriate communication is conducted using units that differ from existing communities. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1A as well as Figure 1B This represents an example of a unified / public TCI framework.

[0016] Figure 2A as well as Figure 2B This represents an example of a TCI status indication based on DCI.

[0017] Figure 3A This is a diagram illustrating an example of UE movement in Rel.17. Figure 3B This is a diagram illustrating an example of UE movement in Rel.18.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of comparing L3 switching with LTM in Rel.18.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram that represents an overview of L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM).

[0020] Figure 6 This indicates a portion of the higher-level parameters (e.g., IE RadioLinkMonitoringConfig) used by the UE to configure Radio Link Monitoring (RLM).

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an existing beam recovery process.

[0022] Figure 8A as well as Figure 8B This is a diagram that provides an overview of MIMO.

[0023] Figure 9A It is a diagram that shows an overview of a cellular system. Figure 9B This is a diagram that represents the overview of a cellless system.

[0024] Figures 10A-10C This is a diagram illustrating an example of the various conceptual designs for a cellless structure.

[0025] Figure 11A as well as Figure 11B This is a diagram illustrating the updating of the association and measurement candidates involved in the first embodiment.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating another example of the association involved in the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating another example of the association involved in the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 14A as well as Figure 14B This is a diagram illustrating another example of the association involved in the first embodiment.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating the associations involved in the second embodiment.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating another example of the association involved in the second embodiment.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0032] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0034] Figure 20This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 21 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] (TCI, Spatial Relations, QCL)

[0037] In NR, research is underway to control the reception processing (e.g., at least one of receiving, demapping, demodulation, and decoding) and transmission processing (e.g., at least one of transmitting, mapping, precoding, modulation, and encoding) of at least one of the signals and channels (referred to as signal / channel) in the UE based on the Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state).

[0038] TCI states can also represent the states of signals / channels applied to the downlink. States equivalent to the TCI states of signals / channels applied to the uplink can also be described as spatial relations.

[0039] The TCI status refers to information related to the quasi-co-location (QCL) of a signal / channel, and can also be called spatial reception parameters, spatial relation information, etc. The TCI status can also be set for the UE on a per-channel or per-signal basis.

[0040] QCL is an indicator of the statistical properties of a signal / channel. For example, if a signal / channel has a QCL relationship with other signals / channels, it can also mean that at least one of the following is the same (QCL) among these different signals / channels: Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameter (e.g., spatial Rx parameter).

[0041] Additionally, the spatial reception parameters may also correspond to the UE's receive beam (e.g., receive analog beam), and the beam may also be determined based on the spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in this disclosure may also be rewritten as sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0042] A QCL can also be defined with multiple types (QCL types). For example, four QCL types AD can be set, in which different parameters (or parameter sets) can be assumed to be the same. These parameters (also called QCL parameters) are represented as follows: • QCL Type A (QCL-A): Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread. • QCL Type B (QCL-B): Doppler shift and Doppler extension, • QCL Type C (QCL-C): Doppler shift and average delay, • QCL Type D (QCL-D): Space reception parameters.

[0043] The information of QCLs as shown in QCL types A to D above can also be referred to as QCL properties.

[0044] The UE envisions a relationship between a certain Control Resource Set (CORESET), channel, or reference signal and other CORESETs, channels, or reference signals in a specific QCL (e.g., QCL type D). This matter can also be referred to as QCL assumption.

[0045] The UE may also determine at least one of the transmit beam (Tx beam) and receive beam (Rx beam) of the signal / channel based on the TCI state or QCL assumption of the signal / channel.

[0046] TCI status can also be, for example, information related to the QCL between the target channel (in other words, the reference signal (RS) used by the channel) and other signals (e.g., other RS). TCI status can also be set (indicated) by higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0047] Physical layer signaling can also be, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)).

[0048] The channel that is set (specified) to TCI state or spatial relationship can be, for example, at least one of the following: downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH))), downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH))), uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH))), and uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH))).

[0049] Furthermore, the RS that is related to the channel as QCL can be at least one of the following: a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Measurement Reference Signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a Tracking CSI-RS (also known as a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS)), or a QCL Detection Reference Signal (also known as a QRS).

[0050] An SSB is a block of signals that includes at least one Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). An SSB can also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0051] The RS of QCL type X in TCI state can also refer to the RS that is in a relationship of QCL type X with a certain channel / signal (DMRS), and the RS can also be called the QCL source of QCL type X in TCI state.

[0052] (Unified / Common TCI Framework)

[0053] According to the unified TCI framework, multiple types of channels / RS (UL / DL) can be controlled through a common framework. Unlike Rel.15, which specifies TCI states or spatial relationships for each channel, the unified TCI framework can both indicate a common beam (common TCI state) and apply it to all channels of UL and DL, and can also apply the common beam used by UL to all channels of UL and the common beam used by DL to all channels of DL.

[0054] We are researching a common beam for both DL and UL, or a common beam for DL ​​and a common beam for UL (two common beams in total).

[0055] The UE can also envision the same TCI state for both UL and DL (joint TCI state, joint TCI pool, joint common TCI pool, joint TCI state set). The UE can also envision different TCI states for each of UL and DL (separate TCI state, separate TCI pool, UL separate TCI pool and DL separate TCI pool, separate common TCI pool, UL common TCI pool and DL common TCI pool).

[0056] The default beams of UL and DL can also be aligned via MAC CE-based beam management (MAC CE level beam indication). Alternatively, the default TCI state of the PDSCH can be updated to match the default UL beam (spatial relationship).

[0057] The common beam / unified TCI state can also be indicated from the same TCI pool (joint common TCI pool, joint TCI pool, set) used by both UL and DL through DCI-based beam management (DCI-level beam indication). X (>1) TCI states can also be activated via MAC CE. UL / DL DCI can also select one of the X active TCI states. The selected TCI state can also be applied to the channels / RS of both UL and DL.

[0058] A TCI pool (set) can be either multiple TCI states set via RRC parameters, or multiple TCI states activated via MAC CE (activating TCI states, activating TCI pools, or sets) among multiple TCI states set via RRC parameters. Each TCI state can also be a QCL type A / D RS. SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS can also be set as a QCL type A / D RS.

[0059] The number of TCI states corresponding to each of more than one TRP can also be specified. For example, the number of TCI states (UL TCI states) applied to the UL channel / RS can be specified as N (≥1), and the number of TCI states (DL TCI states) applied to the DL channel / RS can be specified as M (≥1). At least one of N and M can also be notified / set / indicated to the UE via higher-layer signaling / physical-layer signaling.

[0060] In this disclosure, when N=M=X (X is any integer), it may also mean notifying / setting / indicating to the UE X TCI states (corresponding to X TRPs) common to UL and DL (joint TCI states). Furthermore, when N=X (X is any integer) and M=Y (Y is any integer, or Y=X), it may also mean notifying / setting / indicating to the UE X UL TCI states (corresponding to X TRPs) and Y DL TCI states (corresponding to Y TRPs) separately (i.e., independent TCI states).

[0061] For example, when recorded as N=M=1, it can also mean: a TCI state that is common to UL and DL for a single TRP, which is notified / set / instructed to the UE.

[0062] In addition, for example, when N=1 and M=1 are recorded, it can also mean: separately notifying / setting / indicating a UL TCI state and a DL TCI state (an independent TCI state for a single TRP) for the UE.

[0063] In addition, for example, when N=M=2 is recorded, it can also mean: notification / setting / indication to the UE for multiple (2) TCI states common to UL and DL for multiple (2) TRPs (joint TCI states for multiple TRPs).

[0064] In addition, for example, when N=2 and M=2 are recorded, it can also mean: notifying / setting / instructing the UE of multiple (2) UL TCI states and multiple (2) DL TCI states for multiple (2) TRPs (independent TCI states for multiple TRPs).

[0065] Furthermore, the above example illustrates the case where N and M have values ​​of 1 or 2, but the values ​​of N and M can also be 3 or higher, and N and M can also be different.

[0066] Support for N=M=1 in Rel.17 is under investigation. For example, it could also support indicating a common beam (e.g., a common beam) via RRC / MAC CE / DCI, which is applied to multiple DL / UL channels / reference signals. Furthermore, other scenarios could be supported in Rel.18 and later.

[0067] Figure 1A as well as Figure 1B This represents an example of the unified TCI framework. Figure 1A An example representing a joint DL / UL TCI state (e.g., Joint DL / UL TCI state). Figure 1B An example representing an independent TCI state (e.g., a separate TCI state (DLTCI state and UL TCI state)).

[0068] exist Figure 1A In the example, the RRC parameter (information element) sets multiple TCI states for both DL and UL. In this disclosure, the TCI states set via the RRC parameter can also be referred to as set TCI states or configured TCI states (e.g., configured TCI states). The MAC CE can also activate multiple TCI states among the set TCI states. The DCI can also indicate one of the activated TCI states. In this disclosure, the TCI state indicated via the DCI can also be referred to as indicated TCI state or indicated TCI state (e.g., indicated TCI state).

[0069] A DCI can be either a UL DCI (e.g., a DCI used for PUSCH scheduling) or a DL DCI (e.g., a DCI used for PDSCH scheduling). The indicated TCI state can also be applied to at least one (or all) of the UL / DL channels / RS. A DCI can also indicate both a UL TCI and a DL TCI.

[0070] In the example in the diagram, a point can be either a TCI state applied to both UL and DL, or two TCI states applied to UL and DL respectively.

[0071] At least one of the multiple TCI states set by RRC parameters and the multiple TCI states activated by MAC CE can also be referred to as a TCI pool (common TCI pool, joint TCI pool, TCI state pool). Multiple TCI states activated by MAC CE can also be referred to as an activated TCI pool (activated common TCI pool).

[0072] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the high-level parameters (RRC parameters) for setting multiple TCI states can also be referred to as setting information for setting multiple TCI states, or simply "setting information". Additionally, in this disclosure, using a DCI to indicate one of multiple TCI states can be either receiving indication information contained in the DCI indicating one of multiple TCI states, or simply receiving "indication information".

[0073] exist Figure 1B In the example, the RRC parameter sets multiple TCI states (joint common TCI pool) for both DL and UL. MAC CE can also activate multiple TCI states among the set TCI states (activate TCI pool). Alternatively, separate activation TCI pools can be set / activated for UL and DL respectively.

[0074] The DL DCI or new DCI format can also select (indicate) more than one (e.g., one) TCI state. The selected TCI state can also be applied to more than one (or all) DL channels / RS. The DL channel can also be PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS. The UE can also use the Rel.16 TCI state operation (TCI framework) to determine the TCI state of each DL channel / RS. Alternatively, the UL DCI or new DCI format can select (indicate) more than one (e.g., one) TCI state. The selected TCI state can also be applied to more than one (or all) UL channels / RS. The UL channel can also be PUSCH / SRS / PUCCH. In this way, different DCIs can also separately indicate the UL TCI and the DL DCI.

[0075] In Rel.17 NR and later, it is envisioned that support will be provided for the activation / indication of beams with TCI states associated with different physical cell identifiers (PCIs) via MAC CE / DCI. Furthermore, in Rel.18 NR and later, it is envisioned that support will be provided for indicating changes of serving cells to cells with different PCIs via MAC CE / DCI.

[0076] Figure 1A The method for setting / indicating the TCI status (e.g., combined DL / UL TCI status), and Figure 1B The application of TCI state (e.g., standalone TCI state) can also be switched between different application methods. The choice between the combined DL / UL TCI state and the standalone TCI state can also be set by the base station for the UE via higher-layer parameters.

[0077] (TCI status indication)

[0078] The Rel.17 Unified TCI framework supports the following modes 1 through 3.

[0079] [Mode 1] MAC CE based TCI state indication; [Mode 2] DCI-based TCI state indication with DL assignment (DCI-based TCI state indication by DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 with DL assignment) [Mode 3] DCI-based TCI state indication without DL assignment (DCI-based TCI state indication by DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 without DL assignment).

[0080] For a UE with an active TCI state that is set with a Rel.17 TCI state ID (e.g., tci-StateId_r17), for a single CC, it receives DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 providing the indicated TCI state with a Rel.17 TCI state ID; or, for all CCs within the same CC list set via simultaneous TCI update list 1 or simultaneous TCI update list 2 (e.g., simultaneousTCI-UpdateList1 or simultaneousTCI-UpdateList2), it receives DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 providing the indicated TCI state with a Rel.17 TCI state ID. If DL allocation is available, DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 may or may not be accompanied by DL allocation.

[0081] If DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 is not accompanied by DL allocation, the UE can envision (verify) the following for that DCI.

[0082] - CS-RNTI is used for scrambling CRC in DCI.

[0083] - The values ​​for the following DCI fields (special fields) are set as follows: - The redundant version (RV) field is all '1's.

[0084] - The modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field is all '1's.

[0085] - The new data indicator (NDI) field is 0.

[0086] - The frequency domain resource assignment (FDRA) field is all '0's for FDRA type 0, all '1's for FDRA type 1, or all '0's for DynamicSwitch (same as the validation of the PDCCH for release of DL semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or UL licensed type 2 scheduling).

[0087] In addition, the DCI in Mode 2 / Mode 3 mentioned above can also be called beam indication DCI.

[0088] In Rel.15 / 16, if the UE does not support activation of BWP changes via DCI, the UE ignores the BWP indicator field. The same approach is being investigated regarding the relationship between Rel.17 TCI state support and the interpretation of the TCI field. The investigation is underway to ensure that the TCI field is always present in DCI format 1_1 / 1_2 if the UE is set with a Rel.17 TCI state; and that the UE ignores the TCI field if it does not support TCI updates via DCI.

[0089] In Rel.15 / 16, the presence of the TCI field (TCI presence information within DCI, tci-PresentInDCI) is set per CORESET.

[0090] In DCI format 1_1, the TCI field is 0 bits if the higher-layer parameter tci-PresentInDCI is not set to valid, and 3 bits otherwise. If the BWP indicator field indicates that a BWP other than the active BWP is activated, the UE follows these steps.

[0091] [Operation] If the higher-layer parameter tci-PresentInDCI is not set to valid for the CORESET used to transmit the DCI format 1_1 PDCCH, the UE assumes that tci-PresentInDCI is not set to valid for all CORESETs within the indicated BWP; otherwise, the UE assumes that tci-PresentInDCI is set to valid for all CORESETs within the indicated BWP.

[0092] In DCI format 1_2, the TCI field is 0 bits if the higher-layer parameter tci-PresentInDCI-1-2 is not set; otherwise, it is 1, 2, or 3 bits, determined by the higher-layer parameter tci-PresentInDCI-1-2. If the BWP indicator field indicates that a BWP other than BWP is activated, the UE follows the procedure below.

[0093] [Operation] If the higher-layer parameter tci-PresentInDCI-1-2 is not set for the CORESET used to transmit the PDCCH of DCI format 1_2, the UE assumes that tci-PresentInDCI is not set to valid for all CORESETs within the indicated BWP; otherwise, the UE assumes that tci-PresentInDCI-1-2 is set with the same value as tci-PresentInDCI-1-2 set for the CORESET used to transmit the PDCCH of DCI format 1_2 for all CORESETs within the indicated BWP.

[0094] Figure 2A This represents an example of a DCI-based combined DL / UL TCI status indication. The TCI status ID indicating the combined DL / UL TCI status is associated with the value of the TCI field used for the combined DL / UL TCI status indication (TCI field value).

[0095] Figure 2BThis example illustrates an independent DL / UL TCI status indication based on DCI. At least one TCI status ID, representing the TCI status for DL ​​only and the TCI status ID representing the TCI status for UL only, is associated with the value of the TCI field used for the independent DL / UL TCI status indication. In this example, TCI field values ​​000 to 001 are associated with only one TCI status ID used for DL, TCI field values ​​010 to 011 are associated with only one TCI status ID used for UL, and TCI field values ​​100 to 111 are associated with both one TCI status ID used for DL ​​and one TCI status ID used for UL.

[0096] (Channel / RS whose TCI status is indicated by the application)

[0097] The MAC CE / DCI-based indicated TCI state can also be applied to the following channels / RS.

[0098] <pdcch>

[0099] • If followUnifiedTCIState is set for CORESET0, the application indicates the TCI state. Otherwise, the Rel.15 specification applies to this CORESET. That is, CORESET0 follows the TCI state activated via MAC CE, or is in QCL with SSB.

[0100] • For CORESETs with USS / CSS type 3 and index other than 0, always apply the TCI indicator status.

[0101] • If a CORESET with at least CSS of type 3 or higher and an index other than 0 is configured to conform to a uniform TCI state, the indicator TCI state is applied. Otherwise, the configured TCI state is applied to that CORESET.

[0102] <pdsch>

[0103] • Always apply the TCI status indicator to all UE-dedicated PDSCHs.

[0104] • When a non-UE-dedicated PDSCH (a PDSCH scheduled via DCI within the CSS) has its followUnifiedTCIState set (for the CORESET of the PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH), the indicator TCI state can also be applied. Otherwise, the set TCI state for that PDSCH is applied to that PDSCH. If followUnifiedTCIState is not set for a PDSCH, whether a non-UE-dedicated PDSCH follows the indicator TCI state can also be determined based on whether followUnifiedTCIState is set for the CORESET used to schedule that PDSCH.

[0105] <csi-rs>

[0106] • When the A-CSI-RS used for CSI acquisition or beam management is set to followUnifiedTCIState (for the CORESET of the PDCCH that triggers the A-CSI-RS), the application indicates the TCI state. For other CSI-RS, the application applies the configured TCI state for that CSI-RS.

[0107] <pucch>

[0108] • Always apply the indicator TCI status to all dedicated PUCCH resources.

[0109] <pusch>

[0110] • For dynamic / configured license PUSCH, always apply an indication of TCI status.

[0111] <srs>

[0112] • When the SRS resource set used for beam management and for codebook (CB) / non-codebook (NCB) / antenna switching is configured to follow a unified TCI state, the indicated TCI state is applied. For other SRS, the TCI state set within that SRS resource set is applied.

[0113] (L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility (L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM)))

[0114] The study investigates UL transmission by the UE to one or more cells / TRPs. As a procedure in this case, consider scenario 1 or scenario 2 below. Additionally, in this disclosure, the serving cell can also be rewritten as the TRP within the serving cell. Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) and the DCI / Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, a PCI that differs from the Physical Cell Identity (PCI) of the current serving cell is sometimes abbreviated as "different PCI". Non-serving cells, cells with different PCIs, and additional cells can also be rewritten.

[0115] <Scenario 1>

[0116] Scenario 1 could be a scenario that corresponds to inter-cell mobility in multi-TRP, but it could also be a scenario that does not correspond to inter-cell mobility in multi-TRP.

[0117] (1) UE receives from the serving cell: the setting of the SSB for beam measurement of the TRP corresponding to a different PCI from the serving cell, and the settings required for using radio resources for data transmission and reception, including resources of different PCIs.

[0118] (2) The UE performs beam measurement for the TRP corresponding to different PCIs and reports the beam measurement results to the serving cell.

[0119] (3) Based on the above report, the Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) status associated with the TRP corresponding to different PCIs is activated by L1 / L2 signaling from the serving cell.

[0120] (4) The UE uses the dedicated channel on the TRP corresponding to different PCIs for transmission and reception.

[0121] (5) Including the case of multiple TRPs, the UE needs to always cover the serving cell. As with previous systems, the UE needs to use common channels from the serving cell (Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Channel (PCH)), etc.

[0122] In Scenario 1, when the UE transmits and receives signals with the additional cell / TRP (the TRP corresponding to the PCI of the additional cell), the serving cell (the assumption of the serving cell in the UE) is not changed. The UE is configured with higher-layer parameters associated with the PCI of the non-serving cell from the serving cell. Scenario 1 can also be applied in Rel. 17, for example.

[0123] Figure 3A This diagram illustrates an example of UE movement in Rel.17. Imagine the UE moving from PCI#1 (serving cell) to PCI#3 (additional cell) (overlapping with the serving cell). In this case, L1 / L2-based handover to the serving cell is not supported in Rel.17.

[0124] An additional cell is a cell with an additional PCI that differs from the serving cell. The UE can receive / transmit UE-dedicated channels from the additional cell. To receive UE-common channels (e.g., system information / paging / SMS), the UE needs to be within the coverage area of ​​the serving cell. If the UE moves outside the coverage area of ​​the serving cell, a handover (also known as L3 mobility) is required.

[0125] <Scenario 2>

[0126] In Scenario 2, L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility is applied. With L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility, serving cell changes can be performed using functions such as beam control without RRC resetting. In other words, transmission and reception with the additional cell can be performed without handover. Since RRC reconnection required for handover would create periods where data communication is impossible, by applying L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility that does not require handover, data communication can continue even during serving cell changes. Scenario 2 can also be applied, for example, in Rel. 18. In Scenario 2, for example, the following process is performed.

[0127] (1) In order to change the beam measurement / serving cell, the UE receives the SSB settings of the cell (additional cell) with different PCI from the serving cell.

[0128] (2) The UE performs beam measurements for cells using different PCIs and reports the measurement results to the serving cell.

[0129] (3) The UE can also receive the settings (serving cell settings) of cells with different PCIs through higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC). That is, it can also make preset settings related to serving cell changes. This setting can be made together with the setting in (1) or separately.

[0130] (4) Based on the above report, the TCI status of cells with different PCIs can also be activated via L1 / L2 signaling following the change of the serving cell. The activation of the TCI status and the change of the serving cell can also be carried out separately.

[0131] (5) The UE changes its serving cell (the intended serving cell) and uses a pre-set UE-specific channel and TCI state to begin receiving / transmitting.

[0132] In other words, in Scenario 2, the serving cell (the intended serving cell in the UE) is updated via L1 / L2 signaling. Scenario 2 can also be applied in Rel.18.

[0133] Figure 3B This diagram illustrates an example of UE movement in Rel.18. In Rel.18, the serving cell is handed over via L1 / L2 (e.g., DCI / MAC CE). The UE can receive / transmit UE-dedicated / common channels between the new serving cell (or the target serving cell). The UE can also leave the coverage area of ​​the current serving cell (e.g., the current serving cell).

[0134] <Reduction of Interruption Time>

[0135] In Rel.18 L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility (e.g., scenario 2 above), the UE can shorten the time without data transmission (interruption time). Additionally, L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility can also be rewritten as L1L2 triggered mobility (LTM). When applying Rel.18 LTM, compared to the method of handover based on L3 measurement results (L3 handover), the time without data transmission (interruption time) can be shortened. Each specific process will be explained below.

[0136] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates an example comparing L3 handover with LTM in Rel.18. In the L3 handover scenario, firstly, the UE performs L3 measurements and decides to handover based on the results. Then, the UE and the current serving cell perform RRC reset. Next, the UE performs DL synchronization and UL synchronization with the target serving cell. The UE performs L1 measurements / reports for the target serving cell and, upon receiving beam indication, sends initial UL data to the target serving cell. In this case, the UE does not transmit UL data during the period from deciding to handover until sending this initial UL data (interruption time).

[0137] In the LTM scenario of Rel.18, firstly, the UE performs L3 measurements. Then, the UE, the current serving cell, and the target serving cell perform RRC resets. Next, the UE performs DL synchronization with the target serving cell. Then, the UE performs L1 measurements / reports for both the current and target serving cells and performs UL synchronization. Then, the current serving cell sends a cell handover command (including beam indication) based on L1L2 (DCI / MAC CE) to the UE. Finally, the UE sends the initial UL data to the target serving cell. In this case, the period from receiving the cell handover command to sending the initial UL data is the UL transmission interruption time, but it is shorter compared to the L3 handover scenario.

[0138] (An overview of the L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM) process)

[0139] As mentioned above, in Rel.18 and later, it is envisioned that mobility based on L1 / L2 triggering (L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM)) will be supported.

[0140] Figure 5 This is a diagram summarizing the L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM) process. LTM and L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility can also be rewritten interchangeably. During UE reconfiguration, the UE receives candidate cell configurations from the NW. The candidate cell information may also include information related to the target serving cell, or information related to both the target serving cell and the current serving cell.

[0141] UE reconstruction includes T RRC T proccesing1 / Tproccesing2 T RRC (For example, a maximum of 10ms) is the processing time for RRC reconfiguration (RRC Reconfiguration) to carry candidate cell settings (candidate configurations). proccesing1 / Tproccesing2 (For example, the maximum usage time for the same FR is 20ms, and the maximum usage time for different FRs is 40ms) This refers to the time used for UE processing before and after the cell handover command. This sometimes includes L2 / 3 reconfiguration, RF retuning, baseband retuning, and security updates if necessary.

[0142] DL synchronization includes T search T Δ T margin T search (For example, 0ms when the cell is known, and a maximum of 60ms when the cell is unknown) is the time required to search for the target cell. Δ This is the time used for fine-grained tracking and acquisition of all timing information. T margin (For example, a maximum of 2ms) is the time used for post-processing of SSB and CSI-RS.

[0143] L1 measurement includes T meas (SMTC cycle (e.g., 20ms)). T meas It is the measurement delay from the appearance of the target to the cell handover command.

[0144] UL synchronization includes T IU T RAR T cmd T IU (For example, a maximum of 15ms) is the indeterminate interruption time when an initial PRACH opportunity (occasion) is obtained in a new cell. T RAR (For example, a maximum of 4ms) is the RAR latency. T cmd (For example, a maximum of 5ms) is the processing time for L1 / L2 commands (HARQ and paging).

[0145] T cmd The T after that first-data It is the time when the UE performs its initial DL reception / UL transmission on the indicator beam of the target cell after RAR.

[0146] Regarding LTM, each candidate cell setting can at least include the high-level parameter CellGroupConfig and the setting ID.

[0147] In LTM, candidate cell settings support delta settings on top of baseline settings. Here, regarding delta settings, the UE stores the baseline settings as separate settings. That is, baseline settings can be managed separately. For example, other baseline settings can also be provided for the delta settings of candidate cells.

[0148] A MAC CE containing LTM-related information for cell handover can be used as a trigger for LTM cell handover. LTM cell handover can be monitored by a timer. A MAC CE for cell handover commands can also be used to indicate a connection to a target cell.

[0149] In LTM, the target cell (PCell / SCell) can also be the current SCell / PCell. That is, the current SCell / PCell (serving cell) can also be set as a candidate cell.

[0150] In Rel.18 LTM, SSB-based measurements (e.g., L1-RSRP measurements) are also supported. In this case, it is envisioned that specific configuration parameters are applied / set for candidate cells.

[0151] For example, for intra-frequency measurements (e.g., intra-F measurement), a Physical Cell ID (PCI) or Logical ID, or a time domain (e.g., time domain) can also be set. The PCI or Logical ID can also be the ID defined in Rel. 17 Inter-cell Beam Management (ICBM). The time domain can also be, for example, the SMTC, or the periodic and burst SSB position (e.g., periodicity and SSB position inburst).

[0152] For inter-frequency measurements (e.g., inter-F measurement), a Physical Cell ID (PCI) or Logical ID, a time domain (e.g., time domain), a frequency domain location (e.g., frequency domain location), and a Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) can also be set. The PCI or Logical ID can also be the ID defined in Rel. 17 Inter-cell Beam Management (ICBM). The time domain can also be, for example, the SMTC or the periodic and burst SSB position (e.g., periodicity and SSB position in burst). The frequency domain position can also be the center frequency (e.g., center frequency).

[0153] In LTM Rel.18 and later, the configuration of each candidate cell can also be provided by specific higher-level parameters. These specific higher-level parameters can also be higher-level parameters related to the cell group configuration (e.g., CellGroupConfig IE).

[0154] (Radio Link Monitoring (RLM))

[0155] In NR, Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) is used.

[0156] In NR, the base station can also use higher-layer signaling to configure the Radio Link Monitoring Reference Signal (RLM-RS) for the UE on a per-BWP basis. The UE can also receive configuration information for the RLM (e.g., the "RadioLinkMonitoringConfig" information element of the RRC) (see reference). Figure 6 ).

[0157] The configuration information used by this RLM can also include failure detection resource configuration information (e.g., the higher-level parameter "failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList"). The failure detection resource configuration information can also include parameters related to RLM-RS (e.g., the higher-level parameter "RadioLinkMonitoringRS").

[0158] Parameters related to RLM-RS may also include: information corresponding to the purpose of the RLM, and indexes corresponding to the resources of the RLM-RS (e.g., the indexes contained in the higher-layer parameter "failureDetectionResources" (RadioLinkMonitoringRS within failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList)). This index can be, for example, an index of the CSI-RS resource settings (e.g., a non-zero power CSI-RS resource ID) or an SS / PBCH block index (SSB index). The purpose information may also indicate beam failure, (cell-level) radio link failure (Radio LinkFailure (RLF)), or both.

[0159] Here, the purpose may, for example, mean determining whether the UE should monitor the reference signal associated with beam failure detection of the cell. For example, the network may also set values ​​(parameters) only for beam failure for the SCell. Furthermore, in the higher-layer signaling used to configure RLM-RS, in addition to the RLM-RS settings, the BFD-RS settings (described later) may also be included. Moreover, as described later, RLM-RS and BFD-RS can be interchanged.

[0160] The UE can also determine the RLM-RS resource based on the index corresponding to the RLM-RS resource and use the RLM-RS resource to implement RLM.

[0161] In the RLM of Rel.16, the UE follows the procedure below.

[0162] [process]

[0163] If the UE is not provided with RLM-RS (e.g., RadioLinkMonitoringRS for higher-layer parameters), and the UE is provided with a TCI state containing more than one CSI-RS for PDCCH reception, the UE follows procedures 1 to 4 below.

[0164] [[Process 1]]

[0165] If the active TCI state for PDCCH reception contains only one RS, the UE will use the RS provided for the active TCI state for PDCCH reception for RLM.

[0166] [[Process 2]]

[0167] If the active TCI state for PDCCH reception includes two RSs, the UE assumes that one RS has QCL type D, and the UE will use that RS with QCL type D for RLM. The UE does not assume that both RSs have QCL type D.

[0168] [[Process 3]]

[0169] The UE is not requested to use aperiodic or semi-persistent RS for RLM.

[0170] [[Process 4]]

[0171] For L max =4, starting from the minimum monitoring period, the UE sequentially selects the N provided for the active TCI state used for PDCCH reception from multiple CORESETs associated with multiple search space sets. RLM There are 1 RS. If more than 1 CORESET is associated with multiple search space sets with the same monitoring period, the UE determines the order of CORESETs starting from the highest CORESET.

[0172] Here, L max This is the maximum number of SS / PBCH block indices within the cell. The maximum number of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted within a half-frame is L. max .

[0173] In this way, when the UE is not provided with RLM-RS, the UE performs an implicit RLM-RS decision, using the active TCI state for PDCCH reception for RLM. In L max When N=4, the UE first selects N in ascending order of the monitoring period of the search space set, and then in descending order of the CORESET index. RLM RS.

[0174] For the link recovery process and RLM, the UE can be configured with a maximum of N. LR-RLM RLM-RS. From N LR-RLM In each RLM-RS, depending on L max At most N RLM One RLM-RS was used for RLM. In Rel.16, in L max When N = 4, RLM =2, in L max When N = 8, RLM =4, in L max When N = 64, RLM =8. Additionally, L max N RLM and N LR-RLM The correspondence is not limited to this.

[0175] (Beam Failure Detection (BFD) / Beam Failure Recovery (BFR))

[0176] In NR, beamforming is used for communication. For example, the UE and the base station (e.g., gNB (gNodeB)) can use beams used in signal transmission (also known as transmit beams, Tx beams, etc.) and beams used in signal reception (also known as receive beams, Rx beams, etc.).

[0177] When using beamforming, the radio link quality is expected to deteriorate due to susceptibility to interference from obstacles. There is a concern that this deterioration in radio link quality may lead to frequent Radio Link Failures (RLFs). If an RLF occurs, the cell needs to be reconnected, thus frequent RLFs result in a decrease in system throughput.

[0178] In NR, to suppress RLF (Rapid Regression Failure), a switch to other beams is implemented when the quality of a specific beam deteriorates (also known as Beam Recovery (BR), Beam Failure Recovery (BFR), L1 / L2 (Layer 1 / Layer 2) beam recovery, etc.). Additionally, the BFR process can also be simply referred to as BFR.

[0179] In addition, beam failure (BF) in this disclosure can also be referred to as link failure.

[0180] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an existing (e.g., Rel.15) beam recovery process. The number of beams is an example, and is not limited thereto. In the initial state (step S101), the UE performs a measurement based on the reference signal (RS) resources transmitted using two beams.

[0181] The RS can also be at least one of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) and a Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS). Additionally, the SSB can also be referred to as an SS / PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) block, etc.

[0182] The RS can also be at least one of the following: Primary SS (PSS), Secondary SS (SSS), Mobility Reference Signal (MRS), a signal contained in the SSB, the SSB, CSI-RS, DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS), beam-specific signal, etc., or a signal formed by extending or modifying them. The RS measured in step S101 can also be referred to as the RS for beam failure detection (Beam Failure Detection RS (BFD-RS) or the RS used in the beam recovery process (BFR-RS), etc.

[0183] In step S102, the UE cannot detect BFD-RS (or the reception quality of RS is degraded) because the radio waves from the base station are obstructed. Such obstruction can occur, for example, due to obstacles, fading, interference, etc. between the UE and the base station.

[0184] If specific conditions are met, the UE detects a beam failure. For example, if the BLER (Block Error Rate) is less than a threshold for all configured BFD-RS (BFD-RS resource settings), the UE can also detect a beam failure. If a beam failure is detected, the lower layer (PHY layer) of the UE can also notify (indicate) the higher layer (MAC layer) of the beam failure instance.

[0185] Furthermore, the benchmark (standard) for judgment is not limited to BLER; it can also be the reference signal received power in the physical layer (Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP)). Additionally, beam failure detection can be performed based on the downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) or on the basis of RS measurement, either instead of RS measurement. It can also be expected that BFD-RS and the DMRS of the PDCCH monitored by the UE are quasi-co-located (QCL).

[0186] Here, QCL stands for Indicator of the Statistical Properties of a Channel. For example, if a signal / channel has a QCL relationship with other signals / channels, it can also mean that among these different signals / channels, at least one of the following can be assumed to be the same (at least one of them is the QCL): Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameter (e.g., spatial Rx parameter).

[0187] Additionally, the spatial reception parameters may also correspond to the UE's receive beam (e.g., receive analog beam), and the beam may also be determined based on the spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in this disclosure may also be replaced with sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0188] Information related to BFD-RS (e.g., RS index, resources, quantity, number of ports, precoding, etc.) and information related to beam failure detection (BFD) (e.g., the aforementioned thresholds) can also be set (notified) to the UE using higher-layer signaling. Information related to BFD-RS can also be referred to as information related to BFR resources, etc.

[0189] Upon receiving a beam failure instance notification from the UE's PHY layer, the UE's higher layers (e.g., the MAC layer) may also start a specific timer (also referred to as a beam failure detection timer). After receiving a certain number of beam failure instance notifications (e.g., beamFailureInstanceMaxCount set via RRC) before the timer expires, the UE's MAC layer may also trigger a BFR (e.g., start any of the random access procedures described later).

[0190] Even without notification from the UE or if the base station receives a specific signal from the UE (beam recovery request in step S104), it can still determine that the UE has detected a beam failure.

[0191] In step S103, for beam recovery, the UE begins searching for a new candidate beam for the new communication. The UE can also select a new candidate beam corresponding to a specific RS by measuring that RS. The RS measured in step S103 can also be referred to as a new candidate RS, an RS used for new candidate beam identification (New Candidate Beam Identification RS (NCBI-RS)), a CBI-RS, a CB-RS (Candidate Beam RS), etc. The NCBI-RS can be the same as or different from the BFD-RS. Additionally, the new candidate beam can also be simply referred to as a candidate beam or candidate RS.

[0192] The UE can also select the beam corresponding to an RS that meets specific conditions as a new candidate beam. For example, the UE can also select a new candidate beam based on RSs whose L1-RSRP in the set NCBI-RS exceeds a threshold. Furthermore, the criterion for judgment is not limited to L1-RSRP. L1-RSRP related to SSB can also be called SS-RSRP. L1-RSRP related to CSI-RS can also be called CSI-RSRP.

[0193] Information related to NCBI-RS (e.g., RS resources, quantity, number of ports, precoding, etc.) and information related to New Candidate Beam Identification (NCBI) (e.g., the aforementioned thresholds) can also be set (notified) to the UE using higher-layer signaling. Information related to New Candidate RS (or NCBI-RS) can also be obtained based on information related to BFD-RS. Information related to NCBI-RS can also be referred to as information related to NCBI resources, etc.

[0194] In addition, BFD-RS, NCBI-RS, etc. can also be rewritten as Radio Link Monitoring Reference Signal (RLM-RS).

[0195] In step S104, the UE that has determined the new candidate beam sends a beam recovery request (Beam Failure Recovery reQuest (BFRQ)). The beam recovery request can also be referred to as a beam recovery request signal, beam failure recovery request signal, etc.

[0196] BFRQ can also be transmitted using at least one of the following: the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), and the configured grant (CG) PUSCH.

[0197] The BFRQ may also include information about the new candidate beam / new candidate RS determined in step S103. Resources used for the BFRQ may also be associated with the new candidate beam. Beam information may also be provided using a beam index (BI), a port index of a specific reference signal, an RS index, a resource index (e.g., a CSI-RS resource indicator (CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI)) or an SSB resource indicator (SSBRI)).

[0198] In Rel.15 NR, research is underway on BFR based on the Random Access (RA) procedure, namely CB-BFR (Contention-Based BFR), and BFR based on the Non-Contention-Based BFR procedure, namely CF-BFR (Contention-Free BFR). In CB-BFR and CF-BFR, the UE can also use PRACH resources to transmit preambles (RA preamble, random access channel (also known as Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), RACH preamble, etc.) as BFRQs.

[0199] In CB-BFR, the UE can also transmit a preamble randomly selected from one or more preambles. Conversely, in CF-BFR, the UE can also transmit a preamble assigned to it by the base station. In CB-BFR, the base station can also assign the same preamble to multiple UEs. In CF-BFR, the base station can also assign a preamble specifically for each UE.

[0200] Additionally, CB-BFR and CF-BFR can also be referred to as CB PRACH-based BFR (contention-based PRACH-based BFR (CBRA-BFR)) and CF PRACH-based BFR (contention-free PRACH-based BFR (CFRA-BFR)), respectively. CBRA-BFR can also be referred to as BFR using CBRA. CFRA-BFR can also be referred to as BFR using CFRA.

[0201] Regardless of whether it's CB-BFR or CF-BFR, information related to PRACH resources (RA preamble) can be communicated via higher-level signaling (RRC signaling, etc.). For example, this information can include correspondences between detected DL-RS (beams) and PRACH resources, or it can be associated with PRACH resources that differ for each DL-RS.

[0202] In step S105, the base station that detected the BFRQ sends a response signal (also known as a gNB response, etc.) to the BFRQ from the UE. This response signal may also contain reconstruction information for one or more beams (e.g., structural information of DL-RS resources).

[0203] The response signal can also be transmitted, for example, in the UE common search space of the PDCCH. The response signal can also be notified using a PDCCH (DCI) scrambled with a UE identifier (e.g., Cell-Radio RNTI (C-RNTI)). The UE can also determine the transmitted beam and received beam used based on beam reconstruction information.

[0204] The UE can also monitor the response signal based on at least one of the control resource set (CORESET) used by the BFR and the search space set used by the BFR.

[0205] Regarding CB-BFR, if the UE receives a PDCCH corresponding to its own C-RNTI, it can be determined that the contention resolution was successful.

[0206] The processing in step S105 can also be configured to allow the UE to monitor the period during which it receives responses (responses) to the BFRQ from the base station (e.g., gNB). This period can also be referred to as the gNB response window, gNB window, beam recovery request response window, etc. If no gNB response is detected during this window period, the UE can also retransmit the BFRQ.

[0207] In step S106, the UE may also send a message to the base station indicating that beam reconfiguration is complete. This message can be sent via either PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0208] A beam recovery success (BR success) could also indicate that the process has reached step S106. On the other hand, a beam recovery failure (BR failure) could also be equivalent to the BFRQ transmission reaching a certain number of times or the beam-failure-recovery-Timer expiring.

[0209] In Rel.15, the use of random access procedures is supported for beam recovery procedures (e.g., BFRQ notification) for detected beam failures in SpCell (PCell / PSCell). On the other hand, in Rel.16, the use of at least one of the following for beam recovery procedures (e.g., BFRQ notification) for detected beam failures in SCell is supported: PUCCH (e.g., Scheduling Request (SR)) transmission for BFR and MAC CE (e.g., UL-SCH) transmission for BFR.

[0210] For example, the UE can also use two steps based on MAC CE to send information related to beam failure. The information related to beam failure can also include information related to the cell where the beam failure was detected, and information related to new candidate beams (or new candidate RS indexes).

[0211] [Step 1]

[0212] If a beam failure is detected, a PUCCH-BFR (Schedule Request (SR)) can be sent from the UE to the PCell / PSCell. Then, a UL clearance (DCI) for step 2 below can be sent from the PCell / PSCell to the UE. If a beam failure is detected, and a MAC CE (or UL-SCH) for sending information related to a new candidate beam is available, step 1 (e.g., PUCCH transmission) can be omitted, and step 2 (e.g., MAC CE transmission) can be performed instead.

[0213] [Step 2]

[0214] Next, the UE can also use MAC CE to send information related to the cell where the beam failure was detected (e.g., cell index) and information related to the new candidate beam to the base station (PCell / PSCell) via the uplink channel (e.g., PUSCH). Subsequently, after the BFR process, a specific period (e.g., 28 symbols) from receiving the acknowledgment signal from the base station, the QCL of the PDCCH / PUCCH / PDSCH / PUSCH can be updated to the new beam.

[0215] Furthermore, the numbering of these steps is merely for illustrative purposes; multiple steps can be summarized or their order rearranged. Additionally, whether or not BFR is implemented can be configured to the UE using higher-layer signaling.

[0216] (BFD-RS)

[0217] In Rel.16, for each BWP of a serving cell, the UE can be provided with a set q0 bar of periodic (P)-CSI-RS resource setting index through failure detection resources (failureDetectionResources, failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList, RadioLinkMonitoringConfig), and at least one set q1 bar of P-CSI-RS resource setting index and SS / PBCH block index through candidate beam RS list (candidateBeamRSList), extended candidate beam RS list (candidateBeamRSListExt-r16), or SCell candidate beam RS list (candidateBeamRSSCellList-r16).

[0218] Here, q0 bar is an expression where an overline is added to "q0". Hereinafter, q0 bar is simply expressed as q0. q1 bar is an expression where an overline is added to "q1". Hereinafter, q1 bar is simply expressed as q1.

[0219] The set q0 of P-CSI-RS resources provided through failure detection resources may also be referred to as explicit BFD-RSs.

[0220] The UE may also perform measurements such as L1-RSRP measurement by using RS resources corresponding to indexes included in at least one of the set q0 and the set q1 to detect beam failure.

[0221] In addition, in the present disclosure, the above-mentioned higher-layer parameter that provides information representing an index corresponding to a BFD resource may also be interchanged with being configured with a BFD resource, being configured with a BFD-RS, etc. In the present disclosure, BFD resources, the set q0 of periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes or SSB indexes, BFD-RSs, BFD-RS sets, and RS sets may also be interchanged with each other.

[0222] If for one BWP of its serving cell, the UE is not provided with q0 through failureDetectionResources, the UE determines that the set q0 includes a P-CSI-RS resource configuration index, wherein the P-CSI-RS resource configuration index has the same value as an RS index in an RS set indicated by a TCI state (TCI-State), and the TCI state is the TCI state corresponding to the corresponding CORESET used by the UE for PDCCH monitoring. If there are two RS indexes in one TCI state, the set q0 includes the RS index configured with QCL type D for the corresponding TCI state. The UE assumes that the set q0 includes at most 2 RS indexes. The UE assumes single-port RSs in the set q0.

[0223] The set q0 may also be referred to as an implicit BFD-RS (e.g., implicit BFD-RS (implicit BFR-RS)).

[0224] As such, the UE determines the reference signal (BFD-RS (RS set)) for the beam failure detection / beam recovery procedure through the TCI state for PDCCH. The UE assumes that the RS set includes at most 2 RSs.

[0225] (Type of Beam Report)

[0226] <Intra-cell beam reporting for Rel. 15 / 16>

[0227] In Rel.15 / 16, intra-cell beam reporting is supported. For example, L1-RSRP / SINR reporting can be configured via higher-layer signaling (RRC).

[0228] For example, in the calculation of L1-RSRP, when resources are associated with QCL type C / type D, the UE can be configured with either or both of the CSI-RS resources and SS / PBCH block resources.

[0229] Furthermore, the UE can be configured with up to 16 CSI-RS resource sets, each containing up to 64 resources. The total number of different CSI-RS resources across all resource sets is less than 128.

[0230] In the L1-RSRP report, when the higher-level parameter nrofReportedRS (e.g., within CSI-ReportConfig) is set to 1, the reported L1-RSRP value is defined as a 7-bit value in the range of [-140~-44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB.

[0231] Here, the largest measurement of L1-RSRP is quantized as a 7-bit value in the range of [-140~-44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB. In addition, the differential values ​​of L1-RSRP are quantized as 4-bit values.

[0232] The difference value is calculated in steps of 2 dB, referencing the largest measurement that is part of the same L1-RSRP reporting instance.

[0233] For example, in L1-SINR calculation and channel measurement, the UE can be configured with either or both of the NZP CSI-RS resources and SS / PBCH block resources. Furthermore, for interference measurement, the UE can be configured with either the NZP CSI-RS resources or the CSI-IM resources.

[0234] For channel measurements, the UE can be configured with CSI resource settings (settings) associated with up to 64 CSI resources or up to 16 CSI-RS resource sets with SS / PBCH block resources.

[0235] In the L1-SINR report, with the high-level parameter nrofReportedRS set to 1, the reported L1-SINR value is defined as a 7-bit value in the range of [-23~40] dBm with a step size of 0.5 dB.

[0236] If the higher layer parameter nrofReportedRS is configured to be greater than 1, or if the higher layer parameter groupBasedBeamReporting is configured to be "enabled", the UE shall use the differential L1-SINR values for reporting.

[0237] The differential value is calculated with a step size of 1 dB, with reference to the maximum measurement value that is part of the same L1-SINR reporting instance.

[0238] In the present disclosure, the intra-cell beam reporting in Rel. 15 / 16 (which may also be referred to as intra-cell beam reporting for short) may also be referred to as type 1 beam reporting (beam reporting type 1) or beam reporting for intra-cell beam switching.

[0239] <Inter-cell Beam Reporting in Rel.17>

[0240] As mentioned above, in Rel. 17, L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility (inter cell beam management (ICBM)) is supported. For example, the UE can transmit and receive UL / DL channels / signals with a cell having a PCI different from that of the serving cell. For example, if a non-serving cell has an RSRP greater than that of the serving cell, the UE can transmit and receive UL / DL channels / signals with the non-serving cell without performing handover.

[0241] For L1-RSRP reporting, absolute / differential values of L1-RSRP can be used in the same manner as in Rel. 15 / 16. In inter-cell beam reporting of Rel. 17 (type 2-1 beam reporting described later), each L1-RSRP value is associated with a PCI ID (for the serving cell / added cell / candidate cell). The association between L1-RSRP values and PCI IDs can be configured / indicated via higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0242] Configuration based on higher layer signaling supports up to 7 additional cells. In addition, ID=0 indicates the PCI of the serving cell.

[0243] In the present disclosure, inter-cell beam reporting (in Rel. 17 / 18) may also be referred to as type 2 beam reporting (beam reporting type 2). Type 2 beam reporting can be further classified into type 2-1 and type 2-2 which are described later.

[0244] In the present disclosure, the beam reporting in Rel. 17 may also be referred to as type 2-1 beam reporting or beam reporting for inter-cell beam switching.

[0245] <Inter-cell Beam Reporting in Rel.18>

[0246] Furthermore, Rel.18 beam reporting only supports SSB-based L1-RSRP reporting (beam reporting). Here, the number of candidate cells L can be any from 1 to 4, and the number of beams M for each cell can be any from 1 to 4. For example, in beam reporting, a 7-bit absolute value (the largest L1-RSRP value among all cells) is reported for one cell, and all remaining L1-RSRP values ​​are reported as differential values.

[0247] Regarding beam selection in the L1-RSRP report based on SSB, for the aforementioned M and L, M can be set via RRC. The maximum value of L and the combination of M and L can depend on the UE capabilities.

[0248] In the L1-RSRP report, the absolute value / difference value of L1-RSRP can be used in the same way as in Rel.15 / 16 / 17.

[0249] In the L1-RSRP report, the reported L1-RSRP value is defined as a 7-bit value in the range of [-140~-44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB.

[0250] Here, the largest measurement of L1-RSRP is quantized as a 7-bit value in the range of [-140~-44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB. In addition, the differential values ​​of L1-RSRP are quantized as 4-bit values.

[0251] The difference value is calculated in 2 dB steps, referencing the largest measurement that is part of the same L1-RSRP reporting instance.

[0252] The L1-RSRP report includes the SSBRIs of the configured candidate cells. That is, the L1-RSRP report includes the L1-RSRP corresponding to the SSBRI of the configured candidate cells. The format can be the same as existing specifications.

[0253] In this disclosure, the beam report of Rel.18 may also be referred to as a type 2-2 beam report or a beam report for cell handover. Furthermore, the type 2-2 beam report does not include PCI-related information (PCI ID). Alternatively, the SSBRI may include PCI-related information. For example, in the case of 4 cells with 64 SSBs, the SSBRI becomes {0, 1, ...} Any one of 255}.

[0254] (No residential area)

[0255] In existing wireless communication systems (e.g., 5G NR), a cellular approach is generally used, where a cell is formed by a single antenna / transmitter / receiver point (TRP). The area formed by this cell is fixed / static.

[0256] Furthermore, in existing wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 16 and later), distributed multiple input multiple output (Distributed MIMO, e.g., multi-TRP utilizing multiple antennas / TRPs) has been introduced to form a communication area through the coverage of multiple antennas / TRPs. In distributed MIMO, simultaneous communication using multiple antennas / TRPs and communication using only one antenna / TRP are possible.

[0257] By adopting distributed MIMO, a more suitable line-of-sight environment can be built, enabling performance improvements related to MIMO.

[0258] Figure 8A and Figure 8B This is a diagram illustrating an overview of MIMO. Figure 8A The document describes an example of co-located MIMO. In co-located MIMO, a UE communicates with one antenna / TRP.

[0259] on the other hand, Figure 8B The document describes an example of distributed MIMO. In distributed MIMO, a UE communicates with multiple cooperating antennas / TRPs.

[0260] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel.20 and beyond), the introduction of cellless communication is being studied to further improve performance and optimize energy consumption by reducing interference between multiple antennas / TRPs, constructing line-of-sight environments to cope with high frequency utilization, improving the overall frequency utilization efficiency of the system, and providing equal and high-quality communication for all user applications.

[0261] Cellular-free systems can also be referred to as massive MIMO (mMIMO) or large-scale distributed MIMO (D-MIMO). Cellular-free systems utilize coherent coordination among multiple access points. They can also incorporate at least one of the following: ultra-dense deployment, scalable cooperation, user-centric clustering, supercarrier aggregation, and analog fronthaul. The user plane used in cellless systems can also perform more flexible scheduling than existing methods. The control plane used in cellless systems can also maintain several cell-like forms to facilitate signaling.

[0262] In cellless environments, unlike traditional cellular systems, multiple antennas / TRPs can form an area (also known as a cell / sub-cell, etc.). That is, this area can also refer to a cell whose location is independent of the antenna / TRP.

[0263] In the absence of a cell, the set of antennas / TRPs used in area formation can also be changed according to the needs of the UE. For example, the set of antennas / TRPs can be changed based on factors other than the coverage area of ​​the antenna / TRP, such as the number of UEs, the number of services, or the purpose of communication (e.g., initial access / data communication / measurement / reporting).

[0264] In other words, in a cell-free environment, the coverage areas of multiple antennas / TRPs can also overlap.

[0265] In a cell-free environment, the direction of transmitting synchronization signals (e.g., also known as synchronization signal block (SSB), synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block, etc.) can also be controlled in each antenna / TRP.

[0266] Furthermore, in cellless environments, the central unit (CU) or distributed unit (DU) for each antenna can also be virtualized. Alternatively, each antenna can be managed solely by the CU.

[0267] Figure 9A This is a diagram showing an overview of a cellular system. Figure 9A The diagram shows the cell formed by each antenna / TRP, upon which the UE communicates.

[0268] on the other hand, Figure 9B This is a diagram illustrating the overview of a cellless system. Figure 9B In the example shown, the antenna / TRP configuration does not form a fixed / static cell within the cellular system. For example... Figure 9B As shown, in a cell-free system, one or more antennas / TRPs form an area corresponding to the conditions. Therefore, in a cell-free system, each antenna / TRP may not correspond to the same physical cell ID, and the areas between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0269] Cellular non-cell functionality can also be achieved by adjusting the set of antennas / TRPs controlled by a central control unit (e.g., CU).

[0270] In cellless systems, a first cell with a fixed physical range, similar to a cell in a 5G NR system (e.g., it can also be called a cell / super cell / macro cell / large cell, etc.), and a second cell whose physical range changes semi-statically / dynamically based on conditions (e.g., it can also be called a sub-cell / region / micro-cell / cell / small cell / second cell within the first cell, etc.).

[0271] For example, to distinguish it from second cells, the first cell can also be called a supercell. When a supercell consists of multiple second cells, the second cells can also have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in the NR. For example, to distinguish it from the first cell, the second cell can also be called a subcell. When a supercell or a cell consists of multiple subcells, the subcells can also have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in the NR.

[0272] The first cell can be a newly defined cell in a future wireless communication system, or it can reuse the cell definition in an existing wireless communication system.

[0273] The structures of the first and second communities can be considered under the following assumptions 1 and 2: Scenario 1: The first cell consists of multiple TRPs, each with a single cell ID (Physical Cell ID (PCI)). These multiple TRPs can cooperate in transmitting and receiving.

[0274] Scenario 2: The first cell consists of multiple TRPs (or sub-cells) with different cell IDs. Multiple TRPs / sub-cells can cooperate in transmitting and receiving.

[0275] Figure 10A This is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic representation of a cell-free structure, concept 1. Figure 10A In the example shown, the TRPs contained in the first cell (supercell / cell) have the same PCI (PCI#0). Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively for a single UE.

[0276] Figure 10B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic representation of a cell-free structure, concept 2. Figure 10B In the example shown, the TRPs contained in the first cell (supercell / cell) have different PCIs (PCI#0 to #9). Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively for a single UE.

[0277] Figure 10C This is another diagram illustrating a schematic of concept 2 for a cell-free structure. Figure 10C In the example shown, PCI is allocated to each TRP contained in the first cell (supercell / cell). Figure 10C In the example shown, with Figure 10B Unlike other examples, the same PCI can correspond to multiple TRPs. Multiple TRPs can communicate collaboratively for a single UE.

[0278] Transmission / reception accompanied by TRP / subcell cooperation can also be based on at least one of the following methods supported in NR.

[0279] • Transmission of a single TRP / subcell accompanying dynamic TRP / subcell handover (single TRP transmission).

[0280] • Joint transmission using multiple TRPs / subcells (multi-TRP joint transmission). This joint transmission can be based on a single DCI or multiple DCIs. It can be either incoherent joint transmission (NCJT) or coherent joint transmission (CJT).

[0281] For cell-free operation, assuming ideal backhaul and close collaboration, CJT can take precedence over NCJT in joint transmission methods, and joint transmission based on a single DCI can take precedence over joint transmission based on multiple DCIs.

[0282] (analyze)

[0283] For example, when the current serving beam / serving cell needs to be updated due to UE movement or channel changes, the network (NW) may be required to update the settings of the DL / UL RS used for L1 measurement of DL / UL beam management (BM) through at least one of the following: RRC resetting and MAC CE signaling.

[0284] However, updating the RS / settings RRC / MAC CE used for measurement has a large latency and requires signaling overhead.

[0285] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel.20 / 21 and beyond), further high-speed and low-latency communication is desired. For example, in cell-free MIMO scenarios, smoother and faster updates of RS / settings used for BM measurements are required.

[0286] Similarly, for example, in cases where mobility occurs and the serving beam / serving cell is changed, the NW sometimes needs to update the cell / RS settings used for RRM L3 measurements / reporting via RRC resetting. Therefore, a smoother and faster update of the cell / RS settings used for RRM measurements is required.

[0287] However, for example, research on specific methods for updating the settings of the measurement cell / RS when updating the serving beam / serving cell is still insufficient.

[0288] In the absence of sufficient research, faster and lower latency communication cannot be achieved, raising concerns that improvements in communication quality / throughput may be hampered.

[0289] Therefore, the inventors of this invention devised a method to solve this problem.

[0290] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods involved in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0291] (Various rewrites)

[0292] In this disclosure, terms enclosed in parentheses "()" in the text may also indicate explanations (e.g., spelling notes), rewrites, specific examples, supplementary explanations, etc., of the term immediately preceding it. Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms enclosed in square brackets "[]" in the text may or may not be included in the interpretation of the text as a whole. Additionally, "()" and "[]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those specified therein.

[0293] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be rewritten as each other. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B and C".

[0294] In this disclosure, terms such as notification, activation, deactivation, indication (or indication), selection, configuration, update, and determination can be overridden. Similarly, terms such as support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be overridden.

[0295] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can also be modified interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) elements (MAC ControlElement (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be modified interchangeably.

[0296] In this disclosure, higher-layer signaling may also be any one or a combination of the following: Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, etc. from the core network)).

[0297] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), a Minimum System Information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0298] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI) or uplink control information (UCI).

[0299] (Wireless communication method)

[0300] <Super Neighborhood / Neighborhood>

[0301] A super cell can correspond to the first cell in the aforementioned cellless configuration. Furthermore, a cell can correspond to the second cell in the aforementioned cellless configuration. New Radio Resource Control (RRC) settings / reconfigurations can also be introduced for the super cell configuration. For example, the UE can receive super cell-related settings through at least one of the following scenarios. Additionally, settings can either be incorporated from existing settings or new settings can be configured.

[0302] Scenario 1: The supercell is configured via RRC reset. For example, the supercell's configuration can be programmed (or included) within the framework of RRC reset.

[0303] Scenario 2: The supercell is configured through cell group settings (e.g., CellGroupConfig). For example, the supercell's settings can be included in the cell group settings.

[0304] Scenario 3: The supercell is configured through the serving cell's settings (e.g., serving cell configuration). For example, the supercell's settings can be included in the serving cell's settings.

[0305] Scenario 4: The supercell is configured via uplink and downlink settings (e.g., UL / DLconfig). For example, the supercell configuration may be included in the configuration of at least one of the uplink and downlink.

[0306] Scenario 5: The supercell is configured via LTM settings (e.g., LTM-config) / LTM candidate settings (e.g., LTMcandidate). For example, the supercell configuration may be included in at least one of the LTM settings and LTM candidate settings.

[0307] Scenario 6: The supercell is configured via CSI report config / CSI resource config. For example, the supercell settings can be included in the CSI report settings / CSI resource settings.

[0308] Scenario 7: Supercells can also be configured through TCI state settings (e.g., TCI state config). For example, supercell settings can be included in the TCI state settings.

[0309] Scenario 8: Supercells can also be configured through other settings. For example, settings for configuring the supercell can also be set (e.g., SuperCellConfig).

[0310] Furthermore, at least one of the scenarios described above can also be used to configure a cell (second cell) associated with a supercell. For example, the UE can also receive cell-related settings through at least one of the scenarios described above.

[0311] Settings related to supercells can also include associations with individual cells. Similarly, settings related to individual cells can also include associations with supercells. Supercell and individual cell settings can be integrated or configured independently.

[0312] <Resources>

[0313] In this disclosure, resources may also include at least one of cell, beam, RS, TCI state.

[0314] Resources used to provide services to a UE can also be referred to as service resources or service-state resources. Service resources can also include at least one of serving cell, serving beam, serving RS, and serving TCI state. For example, service resources may sometimes be changed to other resources due to beam updates, LTM, handover, or mobility at different layers. Furthermore, a resource being a service resource can mean that the resource is in a service state, that the UE is using the resource in communication with the network, that the resource is being connected to / communicated with / used by the UE, or that it is providing services to the UE. A resource in a service state can be, for example, a cell / beam / RS / TCI state in a service state; these terms can be interchanged. A cell in a service state can, in one example, be a serving cell or a cell used in other communications. Additionally, a cell can also be rewritten as a TRP. For example, a cell in a service state can also be rewritten as a TRP in a service state (serving TRP).

[0315] Measurement candidate resources can be resources measured / reported by the UE for at least one of Beam Management (BM) and Radio Resource Management (RRM), resources that the NW can set for the UE for BM / RRM, or resources surrounding the serving resources. In this disclosure, measurement candidate, measurement object, reporting candidate, reporting object, handover candidate, and handover object can also be rewritten to each other.

[0316] <First Implementation>

[0317] The first implementation involves the association between service resources and measurement candidate resources.

[0318] When service resources are changed, the NW can estimate the UE's location and antenna orientation. Therefore, the NW can, for example, know the measurement candidate resources after the service resource change.

[0319] Therefore, an association can also be established between the serving resource and the set of measurement candidate resources. The set of measurement candidate resources can be one or more resources different from the serving resource, one or more resources surrounding (e.g., adjacent) the serving resource, or multiple resources containing the serving resource. In one example, the association can be established before the resource becomes a serving state, before measurement, during initial access / RRC connection, via RRC reset, or based on changes / switches to the serving resource. Furthermore, measurement candidate resources can be, for example, the cells / beams / RS of the measurement candidates. Measurement candidate resources, measurement candidate cells / beams / RS, and the set of measurement candidate resources can be mutually overridden. The UE can, for example, measure the set of measurement candidate resources for at least one of BM and RRM, and report the measurement results. For example, if multiple measurement candidate resources (the set of measurement candidate resources) are assigned to the UE for measurement and reporting, the UE can measure multiple measurement candidate resources (e.g., all or more) and report a portion of the multiple measurement candidate resources (e.g., one or more). Measurement candidate resources (a set of cells / beams / RS) can also be interleaved with resources used for measurement (a set of cells / beams / RS) and resources used for reporting (a set of cells / beams / RS or a set of cells / beams / RS).

[0320] By establishing associations between serving resources and sets of measurement candidate resources, for example, when a resource becomes served due to beam updates, LTM, handover, or mobility at different layers, the UE can automatically update the set of measurement candidate resources associated with that resource according to the association settings. As a result, signaling overhead and update latency can be reduced.

[0321] The first implementation can also be applied to supercells and the concept of cells in cellless environments. Next, several methods related to the first implementation will be illustrated.

[0322] <<Method 1>>

[0323] Method 1 supports the setting of an association between resources that can become serving resources (e.g., cell / beam / RS / TCI status that can become serving resources, candidate resources for serving resources) and a set of measurement candidate resources (e.g., a set of cells / beams / RS). Additionally, hereinafter, the setting representing the association will sometimes be referred to as the association or the association setting. An association can be, for example, an RRC setting. The association involved in one embodiment can be included in the supercell setting, or in the cell setting (e.g., serving cell setting), or can be set independently of the supercell setting and the cell setting. The concepts of supercell and cell can, for example, include a cellless structure, or can include the above-described concept 1 (e.g., Figure 10A ) and assumption 2 (e.g., Figure 10B as well as Figure 10C At least one of the following.

[0324] Furthermore, when a resource becomes a serving resource due to a transition / change / update caused by UE movement or channel changes (e.g., when a resource is indicated as a serving resource by the NW, or when the UE determines that a resource is a serving resource), the UE can automatically update the set of measurement candidate resources based on association. For example, the UE can also determine the set of measurement candidate resources associated with the serving resource (e.g., more than one measurement candidate resource) based on association.

[0325] Figure 11A as well as Figure 11B This is a graph illustrating associations and updates to measurement candidates based on those associations. An association can contain more than one entry. Each entry can also associate a first piece of information (e.g., a resource that can become a service resource) with a second piece of information (e.g., a set of measurement candidate resources). An association can also be a list containing more than one RRC information element (more than one entry). Each RRC information element can associate one piece of first information with more than one piece of second information, or it can contain one piece of first information with more than one piece of second information.

[0326] The first piece of information may indicate a resource that is likely to become a serving resource (e.g., cell / beam / RS / TCI status, candidate serving resources). In one example, the first piece of information may be a serving beam indicated by DCI / MAC CE / RRC and determined by the UE (e.g., indicated TCI status for unifying TCI, TCI status for a specific channel / RS (PDCCH, etc.)).

[0327] The association may include, for example, first information corresponding to a specific range of cell / beam / RS / TCI states. For instance, the association may include cell / beam / RS / TCI states that may become serving resources due to UE movement or channel changes as the first information. The specific range may be, for example, all cells / beams included in a supercell, or a portion of cells / beams included in a supercell. The specific range may also be, for example, multiple cells / beams corresponding to the same PCI or different PCIs. Figure 11A In the example, as the first piece of information, the value of the TCI state representing the PCI corresponding to the cell contained in the specific range is shown.

[0328] The second information, for example, represents a set of measurement candidate resources (e.g., a set of measurement candidate cells / beams / RS). For instance, the second information could be a set of measurement candidate resources where the resources associated with the first information in the association become serving resources. Measurement candidate resources could, for example, be resources that are the objects of measurement for RLM / BFR / L1-RSRP / RRM L3 measurements / reporting. Figure 11A In the example, as the second piece of information, at least one SSB for a PCI is shown. For example, the second piece of information could also be one or more SSBs for a PCI.

[0329] exist Figure 11B The example illustrates an update of service resources caused by UE movement or channel changes. For instance, suppose a UE communicating in a PCI#3 cell using TCI state #3b migrates to communication based on PCI#0's TCI state #0a via a movement-related update. That is, suppose the service resources migrate from TCI state #3b in PCI#3 to TCI state #0a in PCI#0. In this case, the UE can, for example, refer to... Figure 11A The UE determines the entry representing TCI state #0a of PCI#0 based on the association of the first information. Then, the UE can determine the measurement candidate resource set (SSB#1, SSB#5, ..., SSB#8, SSB#9, ... of PCI#3) of the second information associated with the determined entry. In this way, the UE can determine the measurement candidate resource set corresponding to the service resources of the migration destination.

[0330] As described above, according to method 1, for example, an association is established between first information for identifying service resources within a certain range and second information for identifying a set of measurement candidate resources corresponding to the service resources. Therefore, when a service resource is migrated to another resource, the UE can obtain measurement candidates in the service resources of the migration destination based on the associated second information. Thus, in the event of service resource migration, the UE can also avoid receiving signaling for the set of measurement candidate resources in the service resources of the migration destination, thereby reducing signaling overhead and setting update waiting times.

[0331] <<Method 2>>

[0332] Method 1 describes an example of setting a resource as the first piece of information. However, for multiple resources (e.g., adjacent beams / RS), sometimes the same measurement candidate resources are associated. In this case, by associating multiple resources with the same measurement candidate resources, it is possible to reduce signaling overhead and the complexity of UE operation.

[0333] Therefore, in Method 2, the first information associated with the service represents a case where multiple resources (multiple candidates for service resources) can become service resources. These multiple resources can be, for example, multiple cell / beam / RS / TCI states, a group of cell / beam / RS / TCI states, or a set of cell / beam / RS / TCI states.

[0334] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating the relationships involved in example 2. For example, in Figure 12 In the example, the multiple resources, as the first information, show multiple SSBs of a PCI, and multiple SSBs in each of the multiple PCIs. Furthermore, these multiple resources are associated with common second information through association.

[0335] <<<Variation Example 2-1>>>

[0336] A variation of description method 2. When multiple resources are associated with the same measurement candidate resource, at least one of the following constraints may be applied, or not, for the multiple resources represented by the first information of the entry.

[0337] • The first information should include the beam / RS associated with the same PCI at the same frequency.

[0338] • The first information should include the beam / RS associated with the same PCI, but they can also be different frequencies.

[0339] • The first information should contain beams / RS of the same type (e.g., SSB / CSI-RS / SRS).

[0340] • In each first message, the maximum number of resources can be set via RRC and follows the UE's capabilities.

[0341] In one example, by following the applied constraints, it is possible to appropriately associate multiple resources with the same measurement candidate resources.

[0342] <<<Variation Example 2-2>>>

[0343] The TCI status shown as the first piece of information may be, for example, at least one of the DL / joint TCI status and the UL TCI status.

[0344] As described above, according to method 2, by associating multiple resources with the same set of measurement candidate resources, it is possible to reduce signaling overhead and the complexity of UE operation.

[0345] <<Method 3>>

[0346] In Method 3, the set of measurement candidate resources shown as the second information can be different for different purposes / scenarios (e.g., DL BM, UL BM, LTM, intra-cell, inter-cell, intra-frequency, RRM, L1 / L2 measurement / reporting, L3 measurement / reporting, etc.). Furthermore, the second information corresponding to different purposes / scenarios can be shown separately in the association. A scenario, for example, can correspond to a series of procedures involving the execution of resource measurements. For instance, due to the occurrence of an event, the UE can execute a series of procedures in the scenario corresponding to the event, during which the UE can perform resource measurements.

[0347] The set of candidate resources for measuring the second information can be used for different purposes / situations. Therefore, the second information can be set separately according to different purposes / situations. That is, in the association involved in method 3, multiple pieces of second information can be associated with the first information for different purposes / situations. Each of the multiple pieces of second information can be set for a specific purpose / situation, or it can be set for multiple purposes / situations. For example, a piece of second information can also be set for multiple purposes / situations.

[0348] Therefore, in Method 3, multiple resources, multiple scenarios, and multiple sets of measurement candidate resources can be associated using association information. For example, suppose a resource becomes a service resource, and an event occurs within that service resource. In this case, the UE can determine the set of measurement candidate resources associated with the service resource and the scenario corresponding to the occurred event during the association process.

[0349] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the relationships involved in Method 3. In the relationships involved in Method 3, for the first piece of information, there are multiple pieces of second information corresponding to the purpose / scenario. Figure 13 In the example, for the first information (SSB#3b, SSB#3c, ... of PCI#3), each is independently associated with second information for L1 beam measurement / reporting (SSB#2, SSB#4, ... of PCI#3, SSB#1, SSB#5, ... of PCI#4) and second information for L3 RMM measurement / reporting (SSB#2, SSB#3, ... of PCI#3, SSB#1, SSB#2, ... of PCI#4). The multiple pieces of second information corresponding to the first information can be a set of measurement candidate resources that are at least partially different depending on the purpose / scenario.

[0350] <<<Variation Example 3-1>>>

[0351] When the association includes multiple pieces of second information corresponding to the purpose / scenario, different constraints can be applied to the set of measurement candidate resources (the set of measurement candidate cells / beams / RS) represented by the second information, depending on the purpose / scenario. For example, for the second information, at least one of the constraints listed below can be applied, or none can be applied, depending on the purpose / scenario.

[0352] • The set of measurement candidate resources represented by the second information (e.g., a set of cells / beams / RS) should be at the same frequency (e.g., the same frequency as the first information).

[0353] • The set of measurement candidate resources represented by the second information (e.g., a set of cells / beams / RS) may also be at different frequencies.

[0354] • The set of measurement candidate resources represented by the second information (e.g., a set of beam / RS) should have the same type (e.g., SSB / CSI-RS / SRS).

[0355] Furthermore, in cases where different operations / purposes occur, the UE may update only the second information corresponding to the purpose (e.g., the RS of the measurement candidate). For example, suppose the UE performs L1 beam measurement / reporting after service resources are updated due to UE movement or channel changes. In this case, the UE can determine the first information corresponding to the updated service resources based on the association. Then, the UE obtains the second information corresponding to the L1 beam measurement / reporting from among the multiple second information associated with the determined first information in the association. Then, the UE updates the measurement candidates in the L1 beam measurement / reporting (e.g., updates the RS of the measurement candidates) using the set of measurement candidate resources represented by the second information corresponding to the L1 beam measurement / reporting. In this case, the UE may also not execute the second information other than the second information corresponding to the L1 beam measurement / reporting (e.g., ...). Figure 13 The UE may, for example, not perform updates to measurement candidates corresponding to operations / purposes other than the one that occurred.

[0356] Furthermore, there are situations where updating a set of measurement candidate resources for multiple purposes is required for a specific objective. In this case, the UE can perform the update using second information corresponding to each of the multiple purposes. For example, in the event of LTM, the UE can update not only the RS of measurement candidates for L1 beam measurement / reporting but also the RS of measurement candidates for LTM. In this case, the UE can, for example, obtain the second information for L1 beam measurement / reporting and the second information for LTM measurement from the entry corresponding to the first information containing new service resources, according to each purpose, and use it for updating.

[0357] <<<Variation Example 3-2>>>

[0358] In the association involved in Method 3, the second information may include, in addition to the set of measurement candidate resources (e.g., a set of cells / beams / RS), other setting parameters for at least one of the measurements and reports. Alternatively, the other setting parameters for at least one of the measurements and reports may be set separately from the second information. Furthermore, for example, the other setting parameters for at least one of the measurements and reports may be set publicly for multiple purposes / scenarios or publicly for multiple associated entries.

[0359] <<Variations of Method 3>>

[0360] exist Figure 13 The example shown illustrates the association of first information with multiple pieces of second information corresponding to a purpose / scenario. However, the implementation is not limited to this. For example, multiple associations may be set for the UE to represent different associations between the second information and the first information in different purposes / scenarios.

[0361] Figure 14 is a diagram of another example of the association involved in representation method 3. Figure 14A The diagram shows the first information used for L1 beam measurement / reporting and the association between the second information. Figure 14B The diagram illustrates the association between the first and second information used for L3 RMM measurement / reporting. This allows for setting multiple associations for the UE based on the purpose / scenario.

[0362] As described above, according to method 3, in addition to the effects of method 1, the UE can determine the appropriate set of measurement candidate resources based on the purpose / scenario. Furthermore, the UE can perform measurements on the determined set of measurement candidate resources (more than one measurement candidate resource). The UE can send the measurement results to the NW. The measurement results may, for example, include measurement results of at least a portion of the more than one measurement candidate resource associated with the service resource.

[0363] <Second Implementation>

[0364] In the first embodiment, an example of setting an association for only one frequency resource is shown. The second embodiment relates to the application of the associations described in the above embodiments in scenarios using multiple frequency resources (e.g., a multi-CC scenario). Additionally, the associations described in the embodiments can also be applied for specific purposes (e.g., BM) in scenarios using multiple frequency resources. Frequency resources can be, for example, component carriers (CCs) / frequency / BWP, and these can also be interchanged.

[0365] <<Option 1>>

[0366] For different frequency resources (CC / frequency / BWP), the association of the first information and the second information can also be set separately (individually) for each frequency resource (CC / frequency / BWP).

[0367] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating the associations involved in the second embodiment. In Figure 15 In the example, the association between the first information and the second information is set independently for each of the multiple frequency resources. Alternatively, the association can be any of the associations described in methods 1 to 3 above.

[0368] As described above, the association between the first information and the second information can be set independently for each of the multiple frequency resources. Thus, for example, in the case of a change in the serving resource in at least one of the multiple frequency resources, the UE can appropriately determine the set of measurement candidate resources corresponding to the migrated serving resource based on the second information associated with the frequency resource.

[0369] For example, in an Inter-F (inter-frequency) scenario, the number of cells and the RS (Resistance Level) of each cell may differ for each frequency. Similarly, in an Inter-F scenario, the number of cells and the RS of each cell may differ across different frequency bands. Therefore, in an inter-frequency scenario, it is sometimes preferable to set the association separately (individually) for each frequency resource. Option 1 can also be applied to an inter-frequency scenario. Additionally, an inter-frequency scenario can be, for example, an inter-band scenario (where multiple cells reside in multiple bands).

[0370] <<Option 2>>

[0371] When an association is established for a certain frequency resource, the associations for other frequency resources can also be established for different purposes / scenarios on the corresponding frequency resources, with each frequency resource following the same association as the established frequency resource. For example, if an association is established for a first frequency resource, and the service resources in a second frequency resource are changed, the UE can determine the set of measurement candidate resources in the second frequency resource based on the association of the first frequency resource.

[0372] Furthermore, for example, if measurement candidate resources in a certain frequency resource (CC / frequency / BWP) are updated according to the association, measurement candidate resources in other frequency resources (CC / frequency / BWP) can also be assumed to be updated with the same cell / RS ID.

[0373] Figure 16 This diagram illustrates another example of the association involved in the second embodiment. Figure 16 In the example, an association is established for frequency resource 1 among multiple frequency resources. Alternatively, the association can be any of the associations described in methods 1 to 3 above. Furthermore, no association may be established for frequency resources 2 and 3. In another example, an association may also be established for frequency resources 2 and 3.

[0374] Then, for example, suppose a change in the service resource occurs in frequency resource 2 and frequency resource 3. In this case, the UE can follow the association of frequency resource 1 to determine the set of measurement candidate resources corresponding to the service resource in frequency resource 2 and frequency resource 3.

[0375] In addition, Figure 16 In the example, frequency resource 1 can be either a reference frequency resource set as an associated reference destination of other frequency resources, or a frequency resource that has been set as an associated resource. For frequency resources 2 and 3, frequency resource 1 can be set as a target frequency resource to become an associated reference destination. For example, in this case, the UE can determine the set of candidate resources in frequency resources 2 and 3 according to the association of frequency resource 1.

[0376] As an example, let's assume the setting is for frequency resource 1. Figure 11A The association is defined as follows. Furthermore, it is assumed that no association is set for frequency resource 2 and frequency resource 3. Additionally, for frequency resource 2 and frequency resource 3, frequency resource 1 can be set as a reference target, or it can be left unset. In this case, such as... Figure 11B As shown, a UE communicating in a PCI#3 cell using TCI state #3b migrates to communication using frequency resource 2 based on PCI#0 TCI state #0a via a mobility update. That is, the service resource is migrated to the resource of frequency resource 2. In this case, the UE can also, for example, refer to the association set for frequency resource 1 (e.g., Figure 11A The UE determines the entry for TCI state #0a of PCI#0 set in the first information. Then, the UE can determine the set of measurement candidate resources (SSB#1, SSB#5, ..., SSB#8, SSB#9, ... of PCI#3) based on the second information associated with the determined entry in the first information. The UE can then use the determined set of measurement candidate resources as the set of measurement candidate resources in frequency resources 1 to 3 (e.g., frequency resource 2).

[0377] In addition, a frequency resource list representing groups of multiple frequency resources (e.g., CC / cell / BWP) can be defined. Furthermore, for example, associations can be set for groups of frequency resources included in the frequency resource list. Alternatively, associations can be set for at least one frequency resource included in the frequency resource list.

[0378] Then, for example, assuming that the UE moves or changes channels and migrates to use a service resource of a frequency resource (e.g., #X) within a group, or that the set of measurement candidate resources follows an association (e.g., an association for a group, or an association for at least one frequency resource within a group), it is updated on a frequency resource (e.g., #X) within the group. In this case, the UE can also update the set of measurement candidate resources for other frequency resources in the same frequency resource list as #X, assuming the same cell / RS ID (e.g., it can be updated to the same set of measurement candidate resources).

[0379] As described above, if an association is established for a subset of multiple frequency resources, it can be applied to the other frequency resources. Therefore, it is also possible to avoid establishing associations for each frequency resource individually. This reduces the overhead of RRC signaling.

[0380] For example, in an Intra-F (intra-frequency) scenario, cells at each frequency may be identical, and furthermore, the RS (Real Range) of each cell may be identical. Therefore, a structure that associates a subset of frequency resources across multiple frequency resources is sometimes preferred in an intra-frequency scenario. Option 2 can also be applied to an intra-frequency scenario. Additionally, an intra-frequency scenario can be, for example, an intra-band scenario (multiple CCs within a single band).

[0381] <Supplement>

[0382] In the above embodiments, the beam may be, for example, SSB / CSI-RS / TRS / SRS / other reference RS. Furthermore, the beam may also be, for example, DL TCI state / UL TCI state / joint TCI state.

[0383] In the above implementation, the measurement value obtained by the UE by measuring the candidate resources can be, for example, L1-RSRP / L1-SINR. Furthermore, the measurement value can also be, for example, L1-RSRQ / L3-RSRP / L3-SINR / L3-RSRQ, or it can be a filtered measurement value or an enhanced L1 measurement value.

[0384] <<Information Notification to UE>>

[0385] The notification of any information from the network (NW) (e.g., base station (BS)) to the UE in the above-described embodiments (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0386] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) that is not specified in the existing standard in the MAC subheader.

[0387] When the above notification is made through a DCI, the notification can also be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used in the scrambling of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0388] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0389] <<Notifications from UE>>

[0390] The notification of any information from the UE to the NW in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MACCE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0391] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in the existing standard.

[0392] In cases where the above notification is sent via UCI, the above notification may also be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0393] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0394] <<Application of Each Implementation Method>>

[0395] In the UE / BS, a specific processing / operation / control / conception / information regarding at least one of the above embodiments may also be applied (used) if any one or more of the following conditions are met: • This indicates that the specific high-level parameters for the aforementioned processing / operation / control / conception / information have been set; The specific processing / operation / control / concept / information mentioned above is determined based on relevant high-level parameters; • The aforementioned specific processing / operation / control / conception / information is specified / activated / triggered via MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS; • The report or support indicates the specific UE capability (or related) to the aforementioned specific processing / operation / control / conception / information; The application of the aforementioned specific processing / operation / control / conception / information is judged based on specific conditions.

[0396] The specific UE capability mentioned above can also represent at least one of the following: • Supports the specific processing / operation / control / concepts / information mentioned above (e.g., decision-making based on associated measurement candidate resources); • Supports at least one of a supercell (e.g., the first cell) and a cell (e.g., the second cell); • The number of supported resources (e.g., the maximum number of resources (candidates for service resources) that can be set as service resources in the association, and the maximum number of measurement candidate resources within the set of measurement candidate resources).

[0397] For example, the maximum number of cell / beam / RS / TCI states in the first information can follow UE capabilities. For example, the UE can report the maximum number of cell / beam / RS / TCI states in the first information, or the information used to determine the maximum number, as a UE capability.

[0398] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be capabilities applied across the entire frequency range (commonly independent of frequency), capabilities for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), capabilities for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1)), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities for each subcarrier spacing (SCS) or capabilities for each feature set (FS) or each feature set per component carrier (FSPC).

[0399] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either capabilities that apply to all duplex modes (commonly regardless of the duplex mode) or capabilities that apply to each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0400] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may also follow the operations specified in the existing 3GPP version.

[0401] (Postscript)

[0402] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure (e.g., the first embodiment), the following invention is noted.

[0403] [Appendix 1]

[0404] The terminal includes: The receiving unit receives settings that associate multiple resources with multiple measurement candidate resources; and The control unit, when a resource among the plurality of resources is in a service state, determines, based on the settings, one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource.

[0405] [Appendix 2]

[0406] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, With the aforementioned settings, the first resource and the second resource among the plurality of resources are associated with the same measurement candidate resource.

[0407] [Appendix 3]

[0408] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, Through the aforementioned settings, the multiple resources, the multiple measurement candidate resources, and the multiple scenarios are associated. The control unit determines one or more measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource and the scenario from among the plurality of measurement candidate resources.

[0409] [Appendix 4]

[0410] Terminals as described in any of Notes 1 to 3 Each of the plurality of resources is at least one of cell, beam, reference signal, and Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) status. Each of the plurality of measurement candidate resources is at least one of a cell, a beam, and a reference signal.

[0411] (Postscript)

[0412] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure (e.g., a second embodiment), the following invention is noted.

[0413] [Appendix 1]

[0414] The terminal includes: The receiving unit receives settings that include the association between a first frequency resource and multiple measurement candidate resources from a plurality of frequency resources; and The control unit, when a resource among the plurality of resources is in a service state, determines, based on the settings, one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource.

[0415] [Appendix 2]

[0416] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, When a certain resource in the second frequency resource among the plurality of frequency resources becomes in a service state, the control unit determines one or more measurement candidate resources corresponding to the certain resource based on the settings.

[0417] [Appendix 3]

[0418] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, The setting includes the association between the second frequency resource among the plurality of frequency resources and the plurality of measurement candidate resources. When a resource in the second frequency resource becomes serviced, the control unit, based on the settings, determines one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources in the second frequency resource that are associated with the resource in question.

[0419] [Appendix 4]

[0420] Terminals as described in any of Notes 1 to 3 With the aforementioned settings, the first resource and the second resource among the plurality of resources are associated with the same measurement candidate resource.

[0421] (Wireless communication system)

[0422] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0423] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (also referred to simply as System 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5GNR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0424] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0425] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0426] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0427] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration, number, shape, size, etc., of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the manner shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0428] Alternatively, the wireless communication system 1 can also utilize MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). For example, a cell can be formed by one antenna / base station 10 or by multiple antennas / base stations 10. A [virtual] cell (e.g., also called a supercell) can also be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (e.g., also called subcells). A supercell can be equivalent to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell can be equivalent to a cell with a semi-static / dynamically varying physical range. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 can also be called a cellless system.

[0429] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0430] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also correspond to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0431] In addition, in each CC, the user terminal 20 may also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) for communication.

[0432] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0433] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0434] The core network 30 may also include, for example, user plane functions (UPF), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), unified data management (UDM), application functions (AF), data network (DN), location management functions (LMF), and network functions (NF) such as operation, administration and maintenance (OAM). Alternatively, multiple functions can be provided through a single network node. Furthermore, communication with external networks (e.g., the Internet) can also be achieved via the DN.

[0435] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0436] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0437] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be used in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0438] As a downlink channel, the wireless communication system 1 can also use downlink shared channels (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), broadcast channels (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), downlink control channels (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) and so on, which are shared among the user terminals 20.

[0439] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may also use uplink shared channels (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), uplink control channels (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), random access channels (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) and so on, which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0440] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. In addition, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0441] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. This lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0442] Additionally, the DCI that schedules PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can be rewritten as DL data, and PUSCH can be rewritten as UL data.

[0443] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0444] A search space can also correspond to a PDCCH candidate corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", "CORESET setting" etc. disclosed herein can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0445] The PUCCH can also transmit uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) including at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ACK Knowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). The PRACH can also transmit random access preambles used for establishing connections with the cell.

[0446] In addition, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., may be described without the word "link". Furthermore, various channels may be described without the word "physical".

[0447] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. In wireless communication system 1, DL-RS can also transmit cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS).

[0448] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS used with PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. Additionally, SS, SSB, etc., can also be called reference signals.

[0449] Furthermore, in wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals).

[0450] (Base station)

[0451] Figure 18 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one form.

[0452] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it can also be envisioned that the base station 10 also possesses other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0453] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0454] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0455] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0456] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0457] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0458] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0459] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0460] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0461] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (including error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0462] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0463] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, and demodulate the signals of the wireless frequency band received through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 into the baseband signal.

[0464] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, including analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0465] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0466] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., a network node providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for user terminal 20.

[0467] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0468] Additionally, base station 10 can be divided into three elements: Radio Unit (RU), Distributed Unit (DU), and Central Unit (CU). For example, the RU can implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level physical layer functions (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU can implement higher-level physical layer functions (from coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU can implement PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0469] In this disclosure, base station 10 may include a single device that implements all the functions of RU, DU, and CU, or it may include multiple devices that implement a portion of the functions of RU, DU, and CU and are interconnected. In this disclosure, base station 10 may also be rewritten in relation to RU / DU / CU.

[0470] In addition, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 can also transmit settings that include the association of multiple resources with multiple measurement candidate resources.

[0471] The control unit 110 can control the reception of measurement results from one or more measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource based on settings when a resource among multiple resources is in a service state.

[0472] In addition, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 can also transmit settings that include the association of multiple resources with multiple measurement candidate resources in the first frequency resource among multiple frequency resources.

[0473] The control unit 110 can control the reception of measurement results from one or more measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource based on settings when a resource among multiple resources is in a service state.

[0474] (User terminal)

[0475] Figure 19 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may each be provided as one or more.

[0476] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0477] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

[0478] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0479] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0480] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0481] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0482] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0483] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0484] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0485] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0486] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can be based on the settings of transform precoding. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. If not, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform the above transmission processing without performing DFT processing.

[0487] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0488] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, demodulate, etc., the signals of the wireless frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0489] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data.

[0490] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0491] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Additionally, CSI-IM can also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can be interchanged with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZPCSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0492] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one transmitting / receiving unit 220 and transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0493] In addition, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 can also receive settings that include the association of multiple resources with multiple measurement candidate resources.

[0494] The control unit 210 can also, based on settings, determine one or more measurement candidate resources associated with a resource among multiple measurement candidate resources when a resource among multiple resources is in a service state.

[0495] Control unit 210 can perform measurements on one or more candidate resources associated with a resource. Control unit 210 can control the transmission of measurement results. Measurement results may include, for example, measurement results of at least a portion of one or more candidate resources. Transmission / reception unit 220 can also transmit measurement results.

[0496] In addition, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 can also receive settings that include the association of multiple resources with multiple measurement candidate resources in the first frequency resource among multiple frequency resources.

[0497] The control unit 210 can also, based on settings, determine one or more measurement candidate resources associated with a resource among multiple measurement candidate resources when a resource among multiple resources is in a service state.

[0498] (Hardware structure)

[0499] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or by directly or indirectly (e.g., wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices and implementing it using these multiple devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0500] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. Each of these, as described above, is not particularly limited in its implementation method.

[0501] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 20 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007, etc.

[0502] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit can be interchanged. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0503] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0504] Regarding the functions in base station 10 and user terminal 20, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as processor 1001 and memory 1002, so that processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via communication device 1004, or by controlling at least one of reading and writing data in memory 1002 and storage device 1003.

[0505] The processor 1001 enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc., described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0506] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0507] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0508] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., a compact disc ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or at least one other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0509] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) and transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmitting unit 120a (220a) and the receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0510] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0511] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0512] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured with hardware including a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), etc., and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0513] In addition, the devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NF) can also be implemented using the above-described functional block / hardware structure.

[0514] (Modified example)

[0515] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be interchanged. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0516] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0517] Here, the parameter set can also be communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0518] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0519] A time slot can also comprise multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0520] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in this disclosure can be interchanged.

[0521] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe in existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but rather a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0522] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0523] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0524] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also serve as the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0525] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0526] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1 ms.

[0527] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also include one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers included in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0528] Furthermore, an RB can also include one or more symbols in the time domain, or it can be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0529] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0530] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0531] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0532] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0533] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the active BWPs. In addition, "cell", "carrier", etc. in this disclosure may be rewritten as "BWP".

[0534] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots included in a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0535] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0536] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0537] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0538] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0539] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0540] Regarding any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) recorded in this disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, information representing / determining the value of such arbitrary information (or information related to such arbitrary information) may be notified from any first device (e.g., UE / base station) to any second device (e.g., base station / UE).

[0541] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0542] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0543] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a "is X" notification) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0544] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0545] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, it should be broadly interpreted to refer to instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0546] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of transmission medium.

[0547] The terms "system" and "network" as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. "Network" may also refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0548] In this disclosure, the terms "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmit power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "beam", "beamwidth", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", "panel", "UE panel", "transmitting entity", and "receiving entity" are used interchangeably.

[0549] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the antenna port can also be rewritten with an antenna port used for any signal / channel (e.g., a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, resources can also be rewritten with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Additionally, resources may also include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Moreover, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0550] The aforementioned groups may also include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[0551] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0552] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be rewritten to each other.

[0553] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can also be rewritten in different ways.

[0554] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can be interchanged. Sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0555] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) can be interchanged. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" can also be interchanged with "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI states)" or "one or more spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship can also be interchanged.

[0556] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where the terms macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to a base station.

[0557] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0558] In this disclosure, the act of a base station sending information to a terminal can also be rewritten in relation to the act of the base station instructing the terminal to perform control / operation based on that information.

[0559] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "user equipment (UE)", and "terminal" are used interchangeably.

[0560] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0561] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0562] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including when the object is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0563] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that is not necessarily mobile during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0564] Figure 21 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, a pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0565] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a steering handle) that steers at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0566] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0567] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include the following: current signal from current sensor 50 sensing the current of the motor; rotational speed signal of front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by speed sensor 51; air pressure signal of front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by air pressure sensor 52; vehicle speed signal obtained by vehicle speed sensor 53; acceleration signal obtained by acceleration sensor 54; accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signal obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 55; brake pedal 44 depress amount signal obtained by brake pedal sensor 56; shift lever 45 operation signal obtained by shift lever sensor 57; and detection signal obtained by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0568] The information service unit 59 comprises various devices such as a vehicle navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0569] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and output devices (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.) that implement output to the outside.

[0570] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices used to provide functions for preventing accidents or reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) and Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via communication module 60 to realize driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0571] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the structural elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) with the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49 of the vehicle 40, and various sensors 50-58 via the communication port 63.

[0572] The communication module 60 can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located both inside and outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or it can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0573] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 49 from the various sensors 50-58 described above, the information obtained based on these signals, and the information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted through the communication module 60 can also include information based on the aforementioned inputs.

[0574] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, workshop information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it on the vehicle's information service unit 59. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received through the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH).

[0575] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various types of information received from external devices into a memory 62 that can be utilized by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, and various sensors 50-58, etc., of the vehicle 40.

[0576] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to structures that replace communication between the base station and the user terminal with communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be rewritten as terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be rewritten as sidelink channel.

[0577] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0578] In this disclosure, operations are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. In a network comprising one or more network nodes having a base station, the various operations performed for communication with a terminal can obviously be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0579] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timing sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, for the method described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which they are indicated is not limited.

[0580] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG, where x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM, a registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), and IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems derived from, modified, generated, or specified based on these methods. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A, and 5G, etc.) for application.

[0581] As used in this disclosure, the term "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the term "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0582] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0583] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure encompasses a wide variety of operations. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0584] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0585] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". That is, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain operations as making a "judgment (decision)". In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" can also be rewritten in relation to the operations described above.

[0586] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can also be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," and "consider / considering." Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assuming to proceed..." can also be interchanged with "assuming not to proceed...".

[0587] In this disclosure, "expect" can also be interchanged with "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." (which can also be expressed using a that clause, a to infinitive, etc.) can be interchanged with "be expected ..." and "... (in the case of the above "..." being a to infinitive, the verb after removing to)." Similarly, "does not expect ..." can be interchanged with "be not expected ..." and "not ... (in the case of the above "..." being a to infinitive, the verb after removing to)." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." can also be interchanged with "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ..." (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0588] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure can refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0589] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually "connected" or "coupled" elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" can also be rewritten as "access."

[0590] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc. to be "connected" or "combined" with each other, and as several non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, to use electromagnetic energy with wavelengths having wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region to be "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0591] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other". Additionally, the term can also mean "A and B are different from C respectively". Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different".

[0592] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0593] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0594] In this disclosure, "below," "less than," "above," "more than," "equal to," etc., can be interchanged. Furthermore, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," "narrow," etc., are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, and can be interchanged. Additionally, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," "narrow," etc., as expressions appended with "i" (where i is any integer), are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, and can be interchanged (for example, "highest" can also be interchanged with "i-th highest").

[0595] In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", etc., can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0596] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "based on A", "B during / while A", "before A", "at the same time as / on A", "after A", "since A", and "until A" can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, A and B can be replaced with nouns, gerunds, or ordinary sentences, depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be approximately zero (immediately following or immediately preceding). Moreover, a time offset can be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" can also be interchanged with "before / after the time offset of A". This time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on the information it is notified of.

[0597] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, subframe), period, opportunity, resource, etc., can also be overridden.

[0598] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.< / srs> < / pusch> < / pucch> < / pdsch> < / pdcch>

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The receiving unit receives settings that include the association between a first frequency resource and multiple measurement candidate resources from a plurality of frequency resources; and The control unit, when a resource among the plurality of resources is in a service state, determines, based on the settings, one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, When a certain resource in the second frequency resource among the plurality of frequency resources becomes in a service state, the control unit determines one or more measurement candidate resources corresponding to the certain resource based on the settings.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The setting includes the association between the second frequency resource among the plurality of frequency resources and the plurality of measurement candidate resources. When a resource in the second frequency resource becomes serviced, the control unit, based on the settings, determines one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources in the second frequency resource that are associated with the resource in question.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, With the aforementioned settings, the first resource and the second resource among the plurality of resources are associated with the same measurement candidate resource.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The steps of receiving settings that include the association of a first frequency resource among a plurality of frequency resources with a plurality of measurement candidate resources; and When a resource among the plurality of resources becomes in a service state, the step of determining one or more measurement candidate resources among the plurality of measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource, based on the settings.

6. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit transmits settings that include the association between multiple frequency resources and multiple measurement candidate resources, specifically a first frequency resource among multiple frequency resources; and The control unit, when one of the plurality of resources is in a service state, controls the receiving of measurement results from one or more measurement candidate resources that are associated with the resource based on the settings, from the plurality of measurement candidate resources.

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