A fire blocking device and method for an electric vehicle charging station

Abstract

The application provides a fire blocking device and method for an electric vehicle charging station, which comprises a gate frame configured as a side opening and a top closure, a plurality of rolling shutter doors capable of being lifted on the side of the gate frame, and a control system capable of controlling the lifting of the rolling shutter doors, wherein the bottom of the gate frame is provided with a notch, and the notch is provided with an infrared sensor, a temperature sensor and a combustible gas detector, all of which are in communication connection with the control system, and the three devices return monitoring data to the control system; when the infrared sensor identifies that the battery unit of the power battery has a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor and the combustible gas detector exceeds a threshold value, the control system controls the rolling shutter doors to fall to close the gate frame. The application can provide independent and mutually isolated cabins, does not need to carry out large-area earthwork construction on the existing charging station, mutually isolates the vehicle with thermal runaway and the adjacent vehicles, and reduces the loss of the vehicle owner and the charging station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire prevention and protection technology for electric vehicles, specifically to a fire prevention device and method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, electric vehicle charging stations will inevitably become a key focus of the automotive and energy industries. Transforming gas stations into integrated energy service stations that combine oil, gas, hydrogen, and charging / battery swapping is an inevitable trend.

[0003] Electric vehicle charging carries the risk of thermal runaway of the power battery and vehicle fire. Due to the close proximity of charging vehicles in existing charging stations, a fire in one vehicle can ignite nearby vehicles via the lithium battery jet, leading to a large-scale fire and significant economic losses. There is an urgent need for a prefabricated fire isolation device for electric vehicles that can provide multiple independent, mutually isolated charging spaces. This device eliminates the need for extensive earthwork construction at existing charging stations, effectively isolates affected vehicles after a fire, and automatically activates fire-fighting emergency measures to minimize fire damage at the charging station.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN220404673U relates to the field of fire protection technology for electric vehicle charging stations, and discloses a fire extinguishing device for electric vehicle parking spaces. The device includes a fixed plate with a charging pile fixedly connected to its rear side. Multiple sliding grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the fixed plate. A motor is fixedly connected to the rear interior of the fixed plate, and a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. Multiple first bevel gears are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod. Extension plates are slidably connected to both the left and right sides of the fixed plate. Multiple threaded rods are rotatably connected to both the left and right sides of the fixed plate. Second bevel gears are fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of two threaded rods. Bearing blocks are fixedly connected to the distant sides of two extension plates.

[0005] Chinese utility model patent CN220276164U discloses a fire extinguishing device for electric vehicle charging stations that can prevent fires. The device allows the charging pile to be connected and started charging after the vehicle is parked on a support platform. If the vehicle catches fire during charging, the device automatically unplugs the charging cable and, driven by a stepper motor, pushes the support platform and the vehicle on top into a vacuum chamber. A movable baffle then automatically closes, and a vacuum pump inside the chamber quickly expels the internal air, effectively preventing combustion. An internal flame-retardant plate effectively prevents surface damage caused by overheating inside the vacuum chamber. Gear transmission allows a limiting bracket to slide along the outer surface of the fixed base, ensuring that the top-connected support platform can slide into the vacuum chamber in the slotted direction of the slide groove. This allows the vehicle on top to be quickly transferred into the vacuum chamber in case of fire, minimizing losses for the vehicle owner.

[0006] Chinese utility model patent CN220276164U relates to an electric vehicle charging station capable of isolating spontaneously combusted electric vehicles, which can isolate spontaneously combusted electric vehicles to prevent them from affecting surrounding vehicles and reduce losses. It includes a garage, a charging pile, a first hinge, a garage door, four sets of hinge seats, four sets of hinge shafts, four sets of hinge rollers, two sets of electric sliding tubes, two sets of telescopic rods, a fire extinguisher, a connecting pipe, and a pump. The charging pile is detachably installed inside the garage. An entrance is located at the front of the garage, and the garage door is rotatably installed at the entrance via the first hinge. The four sets of hinge seats are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the garage and the garage door, respectively. The four sets of hinge rollers are rotatably installed within the four sets of hinge seats via four sets of hinge shafts. The two sets of electric sliding tubes and the two sets of telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the four sets of hinge rollers, and the electric sliding tubes and telescopic rods are slidably connected. The fire extinguisher is installed at the right end of the garage, and the output end of the fire extinguisher is connected to the input end of the connecting pipe.

[0007] None of the aforementioned existing technologies can provide independent and isolated charging compartments. In the event of thermal runaway, the fire from the damaged vehicle can easily spread to nearby vehicles, causing significant losses to the vehicle owner and the charging station. Summary of the Invention

[0008] One objective of this invention is to provide a fire isolation device and method for electric vehicle charging and battery swapping stations, which can provide independent and isolated compartments without requiring large-scale earthwork construction on existing charging stations, and isolate vehicles that have experienced thermal runaway from nearby vehicles, thereby reducing losses for vehicle owners and charging stations.

[0009] According to the present invention, a fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging and swapping station includes: a gantry configured with side openings and a closed top; a plurality of roller shutters capable of rising and falling on the side of the gantry; and a control system capable of controlling the rising and falling of the roller shutters. A recess is provided at the bottom of the gantry, and an infrared sensor, a temperature sensor, and a combustible gas detector, all communicatively connected to the control system, are disposed within the recess. The infrared sensor performs infrared scanning of the vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature near the power battery, and the combustible gas detector monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery. All three transmit monitoring data back to the control system. When the infrared sensor identifies a risk of thermal runaway in the power battery cells and the data detected by the temperature sensor and the combustible gas detector exceed a threshold, the control system controls the roller shutters to descend, thereby closing the gantry.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the recess is further provided with a first nozzle and a second nozzle. The first nozzle is used to spray fire-fighting water, and the infrared sensor can obtain the position of the thermal runaway battery unit through infrared scanning. The second nozzle is used to spray fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding thermal runaway battery unit of the power battery.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, after the infrared sensor no longer identifies the thermal runaway battery cell, and after the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector respectively drop below the threshold, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are shut off.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes a roller shutter door driver connected to the roller shutter door, the roller shutter door driver being used to drive the roller shutter door, and the roller shutter door driver being communicatively connected to the control system.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the gantry includes a top plate and four vertical frames, each vertically connected to the top plate. Roller shutters are provided on the four sides of the top plate, and each roller shutter can be lowered to the bottom of the vertical frame to close the gantry.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes a cover plate disposed above the recess, the cover plate being folded to expose the recess so that the infrared sensor, temperature sensor and combustible gas detector can continuously monitor.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a monitoring camera connected to the control system and disposed on the lower surface of the top plate is further included. The cover plate is driven by a cover plate driver to extend or fold, and the cover plate driver is communicatively connected to the control system. When a vehicle enters the gantry, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to fold the cover plate and expose the recess. When the vehicle leaves the gantry, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to extend the cover plate and cover the recess.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes a support platform parallel to the top plate, the support platform being located directly below the top plate, the vertical frame being perpendicular to the support platform, and a cover plate being provided in the middle of the support platform.

[0017] The present invention also provides a fire prevention method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. After the vehicle enters the frame, the monitoring camera transmits the monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover to fold to expose the notch.

[0019] S2. The infrared sensor performs real-time infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, and the combustible gas detector monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time. The infrared sensor, temperature sensor, and combustible gas detector transmit the monitoring data back to the control system.

[0020] S3. When the infrared sensor detects that the battery cell of the power battery has a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor and the combustible gas detector exceeds the threshold, the control system determines that the power battery pack of the vehicle has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door to descend so as to close the four sides of the door frame.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes:

[0022] S4. While the control system controls the roller shutter door to descend and close the door frame, the second nozzle sprays fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding battery unit of the power battery according to its own position. If the corresponding battery unit of the power battery still has a risk of thermal runaway after the second nozzle sprays the fire-fighting agent, the first nozzle opens and sprays fire-fighting water.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes: S5, after the infrared sensor no longer identifies a risk of thermal runaway in the battery cell, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector drop below the threshold, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are shut off.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes: S6, after the vehicle leaves the gantry, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to extend the cover plate and cover the notch.

[0025] According to the present invention, a gantry configured with side openings and a closed top is provided, multiple roller shutters capable of rising and falling on the sides of the gantry, and a control system capable of controlling the rising and falling of the roller shutters are provided. Because the bottom of the gantry is provided with a recess containing an infrared sensor, a temperature sensor, and a combustible gas detector, all communicatively connected to the control system, the infrared sensor scans the vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature near the power battery, and the combustible gas detector monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery. These three sensors transmit monitoring data back to the control system, which then analyzes and makes judgments based on this data. When the infrared sensor identifies a risk of thermal runaway in a battery cell and the data detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector exceed a corresponding threshold, the control system controls the roller shutters to descend and close the gantry. This provides independent and isolated compartments, eliminating the need for large-scale earthwork construction at existing charging stations, effectively isolating vehicles experiencing thermal runaway from nearby vehicles, and reducing losses for vehicle owners and charging stations.

[0026] According to the fire isolation method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps: S1, a monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to fold the cover plate and expose the notch; S2, an infrared sensor performs real-time infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, a temperature sensor monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, and a combustible gas detector monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time, and the infrared sensor, temperature sensor, and combustible gas detector transmit the monitoring data back to the control system; S3, when the infrared sensor identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector exceed the threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door to descend, thereby sealing the four sides of the gantry; thus, it can provide multiple sets of independent and mutually isolated charging spaces, without the need for large-scale earthwork construction of existing charging stations, effectively isolating accident vehicles after a fire, and minimizing the fire loss of the charging station. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging and swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure within the recess of a fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging and swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower surface of the top plate of a fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging and swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] As shown in the figure:

[0031] 100 - Fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations as described in this invention;

[0032] 1-Gantry;

[0033] 2-Roller shutter door;

[0034] 3-Cover plate;

[0035] 4-Infrared sensor;

[0036] 5-Temperature sensor;

[0037] 6-Combustible gas detector;

[0038] 7-First nozzle;

[0039] 8-Second nozzle;

[0040] 9-Entrance ramp;

[0041] 11-Top plate;

[0042] 12-Vertical frame;

[0043] 121 - Emergency switch;

[0044] 91-Support Platform;

[0045] 92-Wheel stop;

[0046] 93 - Parking space lines;

[0047] 94 - Charging pile;

[0048] 31-Notch.

[0049] In this application, all drawings are schematic and are used only to illustrate the principles of the invention, and are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "below," "inside," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In this invention, "a plurality of" refers to two or more.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" in this invention refers to two or more.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral or interconnected connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figures 1 to 2 The diagram illustrates, schematically, the overall structure of a fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a structural diagram within a recess of the fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fire barrier device 100 for an electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station according to the present invention includes: a gantry 1 configured with open sides and closed top; and a plurality of roller shutter doors 2 capable of rising and falling on each side of the gantry 1. The roller shutter doors 2 can close the sides of the gantry 1 by falling, thereby forming a prefabricated compartment; and the roller shutter doors 2 can reach the top of the gantry 1 when raised. It should be noted that the electric vehicles involved in the present invention include motor vehicles that require supplemental electrical energy and are primarily or secondarily powered by electricity.

[0056] The fire isolation device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station also includes a recess 31 located at the bottom of the gantry 1. When the electric vehicle enters the gantry 1 and begins charging via the charging pile, the recess 31 is located below the electric vehicle's power battery. The recess 31 contains an infrared sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, and a combustible gas detector 6, all of which are communicatively connected to the control system. The infrared sensor 4 performs infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature near the power battery, and the combustible gas detector 6 monitors the concentration of combustible gases such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen near the power battery. The infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 can transmit the monitoring data back to the control system.

[0057] When infrared sensor 4 identifies a risk of thermal runaway in certain battery cells of the power battery and the data detected by temperature sensor 5 and combustible gas detector 6 exceeds a threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack is at risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend, thereby sealing the perimeter of the gantry 1. Optionally, the fire isolation device of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes an alarm light that is communicatively connected to the control system. When infrared sensor 4 identifies a risk of thermal runaway in certain battery cells of the power battery and the data detected by temperature sensor 5 and combustible gas detector 6 exceeds a threshold, the control system can control the alarm light to flash to issue an alarm.

[0058] According to the present invention, a gantry 1 configured with a side opening and a closed top is provided, a plurality of roller shutter doors 2 capable of rising and falling on the side of the gantry 1, and a control system capable of controlling the rising and falling of the roller shutter doors 2 are provided. Since the bottom of the gantry 1 is provided with a recess 31, and an infrared sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, and a combustible gas detector 6, all of which are communicatively connected to the control system, are installed within the recess. The infrared sensor 4 is used to perform infrared scanning of the vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor 5 is used to monitor the temperature near the power battery, and the combustible gas detector 6 is used to monitor the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery. Thus, all three can transmit monitoring data back to the control system, which can analyze and judge based on this data. When the infrared sensor 4 identifies a risk of thermal runaway in the battery cell and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed a corresponding threshold, the control system controls the roller shutter doors 2 to fall, thereby closing the gantry 1. This provides independent and isolated compartments, eliminating the need for large-scale earthwork construction at existing charging stations, effectively isolating vehicles experiencing thermal runaway from nearby vehicles, and reducing losses for vehicle owners and charging stations.

[0059] In this embodiment, the notch 31 is connected to the external space of the charging and swapping station through an internal channel, thereby reducing the concentration of combustible gas.

[0060] In this embodiment, the fire containment device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station further includes a first nozzle 7 and a second nozzle 8 disposed within the recess 31. The first nozzle 7 is used to spray fire-fighting water, and the infrared sensor 4 can obtain the location of the thermal runaway battery unit through infrared scanning. The second nozzle 8 is used to spray fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding thermal runaway battery unit of the power battery. The fire-fighting agent includes one or more of perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane, and dry powder. Optionally, the first nozzle 7 and the second nozzle 8 are respectively connected to an external water storage tank (not shown) and a chemical storage tank (not shown) via pipes.

[0061] Infrared sensor 4 is used to scan the power battery of the electric vehicle to obtain the location of the thermal runaway battery cell. Temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature inside the prefabricated compartment, and combustible gas detector 6 continuously monitors the concentration of combustible gases such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen inside the prefabricated compartment. Infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 continuously transmit monitoring data back to the control system. While the control system controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend and close the door frame 1, the second sprinkler head 8 can spray fire extinguishing agent onto the corresponding battery cell of the power battery according to its own location. Specifically, infrared sensor 4 monitors the power battery, scans for battery cells whose temperature exceeds the upper limit, and transmits the location information of the battery cell to the control system. The control system controls the second sprinkler head 8 to execute fire extinguishing measures at that location. If the corresponding battery cell of the power battery still has a risk of thermal runaway after the second sprinkler head 8 sprays fire extinguishing agent, the first sprinkler head 7 is activated and fire extinguishing water is sprayed.

[0062] In this embodiment, after the infrared sensor 4 no longer identifies certain battery cells as having a risk of thermal runaway, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 drop below the threshold, the control system controls the alarm light to turn off and simultaneously shuts off the first nozzle 7 and the second nozzle 8. At this time, the vehicle can be driven out of the gate 1.

[0063] In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 for an electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes a roller shutter door actuator (not shown) connected to the roller shutter door 2. The roller shutter door actuator drives the roller shutter door 2 to raise and lower it. The roller shutter door actuator is communicatively connected to the control system, which can control the roller shutter door 2 to raise or lower it by controlling the roller shutter door actuator. The roller shutter door 2 is lowered by the roller shutter door actuator to close the four sides of the gantry 1.

[0064] In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations also includes a cover plate 3. A recess 31 is provided below the cover plate 3. The cover plate 3 can be folded to expose the recess 31 and can also be extended to cover the recess 31. After the cover plate 3 is folded up, the infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 inside the recess 31 can continuously monitor the vehicle status.

[0065] In this embodiment, the gantry 1 includes a top plate 11 and four vertical frames 12, each vertically connected to the top plate 11. Roller shutters 2 are respectively provided on the four sides of the top plate 11, and each roller shutter 2 can be lowered to the bottom of the vertical frame 12 to close the gantry 1. Optionally, the top plate 11 is constructed to be rectangular.

[0066] In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes a monitoring camera connected to the control system and disposed on the lower surface of the top plate 11. The cover plate 3 is driven by a cover plate driver to extend or fold. The cover plate driver is communicatively connected to the control system. When the vehicle drives into the mast 1, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to fold the cover plate 3 and expose the recess 31. When the vehicle leaves the mast 1, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to extend the cover plate 3 and cover the recess 31.

[0067] In this embodiment, the fire isolation device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station further includes a charging pile 94 for charging electric vehicles, a charging pile extension interface (not shown) connected to the charging pile 94, and a remotely controlled circuit breaker (not shown) connected to the charging pile extension interface. The remotely controlled circuit breaker is communicatively connected to the control system. In some other embodiments, after the monitoring camera detects that an electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile 94, the control system controls the cover plate driver to fold the cover plate 3 and expose the recess 31; after the monitoring camera detects that the electric vehicle is disconnected from the charging pile 94, the control system controls the cover plate driver to extend the cover plate 3 and cover the recess 31.

[0068] After the control system determines that there is a risk of fire in the vehicle's power battery based on the data detected by the infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6, the control system controls the remote-controlled circuit breaker to automatically cut off the power.

[0069] In this embodiment, entrance ramps 9 are provided on both the left and right sides of the gantry 1. Optionally, the entrance ramps 9 are made of metal, or they can all be made of hard rubber composite structure. By providing entrance ramps 9, it is easier for electric vehicles to drive into the gantry 1.

[0070] In this embodiment, the fire isolation device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes an emergency switch 121 communicatively connected to the roller shutter door actuator. The emergency switch 121 is mounted on the vertical frame 12 and is enclosed in glass. In an emergency, by opening the glass cover and pressing the emergency switch 121, the roller shutter door 2 can be released immediately, thereby preventing the spread of accidental fire.

[0071] In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes a support platform 91 parallel to the top plate 11. The support platform 91 is located directly below the top plate 11, and the vertical frame 12 is perpendicular to the support platform 91. The support platform 91 is made of metal. A cover plate 3 is disposed in the middle of the support platform 91.

[0072] In this embodiment, the outer side of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of detachable wheel stops 92 and parking lines 93.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 The diagram illustrates, schematically, the overall structure of a fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging / swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention; and a structural schematic diagram of the lower surface of the top plate of the fire barrier device for an electric vehicle charging / swapping station according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 for an electric vehicle charging / swapping station according to the present invention includes: a gantry 1 configured with side openings and having a top plate 11; and a plurality of roller shutter doors 2 capable of rising and falling on each side of the gantry 1. The roller shutter doors 2 can close the sides of the gantry 1 by falling, thereby forming a prefabricated compartment. The roller shutter doors 2 can reach the top of the gantry 1 after rising. It should be noted that the electric vehicles involved in the present invention include motor vehicles that require supplemental electrical energy and are powered primarily or secondarily by electricity.

[0075] The fire isolation device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station also includes an infrared sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, and a combustible gas detector 6 installed on the lower surface of the top plate 11. When the electric vehicle enters the gantry 1 and begins charging through the charging pile, the infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 are located above the electric vehicle's power battery and are all communicatively connected to the control system. The infrared sensor 4 is used to perform infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor 5 is used to monitor the temperature near the power battery, and the combustible gas detector 6 is used to monitor the concentration of combustible gases such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen near the power battery. The infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 can transmit the monitoring data back to the control system.

[0076] When infrared sensor 4 identifies a risk of thermal runaway in certain battery cells of the power battery and the data detected by temperature sensor 5 and combustible gas detector 6 exceeds a threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack is at risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend, thereby sealing the perimeter of the gantry 1. Optionally, the fire isolation device of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes an alarm light that is communicatively connected to the control system. When infrared sensor 4 identifies a risk of thermal runaway in certain battery cells of the power battery and the data detected by temperature sensor 5 and combustible gas detector 6 exceeds a threshold, the control system can control the alarm light to flash to issue an alarm.

[0077] According to the present invention, a gantry 1 configured with side openings and a closed top is provided, a plurality of roller shutter doors 2 capable of rising and falling on the side of the gantry 1, and a control system capable of controlling the rising and falling of the roller shutter doors 2 are provided. Since the infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 are all disposed on the lower surface of the top plate 11 and are all communicatively connected to the control system, the infrared sensor 4 is used to perform infrared scanning of the vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor 5 is used to monitor the temperature near the power battery, and the combustible gas detector 6 is used to monitor the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery, the three sensors can transmit monitoring data back to the control system, which can then analyze and make judgments based on this data. When the infrared sensor 4 identifies a risk of thermal runaway in the battery cells of the power battery and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed the corresponding threshold, the control system controls the roller shutter doors 2 to descend to close the gantry 1, thereby providing independent and isolated compartments without requiring large-scale earthwork construction on existing charging stations. This effectively isolates vehicles experiencing thermal runaway from nearby vehicles, reducing losses for vehicle owners and charging stations.

[0078] In this embodiment, the fire containment device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and battery swapping station further includes a first nozzle 7 and a second nozzle 8 disposed on the lower surface of the top plate 11. The first nozzle 7 is used to spray fire-fighting water, and the infrared sensor 4 can obtain the location of the thermal runaway battery unit through infrared scanning. The second nozzle 8 is used to spray fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding thermal runaway battery unit of the power battery. The fire-fighting agent includes one or more of perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane, and dry powder. Optionally, the first nozzle 7 and the second nozzle 8 are respectively connected to an external water storage tank (not shown) and a chemical storage tank (not shown) via pipes.

[0079] Infrared sensor 4 is used to perform infrared scanning on the power battery of the electric vehicle to obtain the location of the thermal runaway battery cell. Temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature inside the prefabricated compartment. Combustible gas detector 6 continuously monitors the concentration of combustible gases such as oxygen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen inside the prefabricated compartment. Infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 continuously transmit monitoring data back to the control system. While the control system controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend and close the door frame 1, the second sprinkler head 8 can spray fire extinguishing agent onto the corresponding battery cell of the power battery according to its own location. If the corresponding battery cell of the power battery still has a risk of thermal runaway after the second sprinkler head 8 sprays fire extinguishing agent, the first sprinkler head 7 will be activated and fire extinguishing water will be sprayed.

[0080] In this embodiment, after the infrared sensor 4 no longer identifies certain battery cells as having a risk of thermal runaway, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 drop below the threshold, the control system controls the alarm light to turn off and shuts down the first nozzle 7 and the second nozzle 8. At this time, the vehicle can be driven out of the gate 1.

[0081] In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 for an electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes a roller shutter door actuator (not shown) connected to the roller shutter door 2. The roller shutter door actuator drives the roller shutter door 2 to raise and lower it. The roller shutter door actuator is communicatively connected to the control system, which can control the roller shutter door 2 to raise or lower it by controlling the roller shutter door actuator. The roller shutter door 2 is lowered by the roller shutter door actuator to close the four sides of the gantry 1.

[0082] In this embodiment, the gantry 1 includes a top plate 11 and four vertical frames 12, each vertically connected to the top plate 11. Roller shutters 2 are respectively provided on the four sides of the top plate 11, and each roller shutter 2 can be lowered to the bottom of the vertical frame 12 to close the gantry 1. Optionally, the top plate 11 is constructed to be rectangular.

[0083] In this embodiment, the fire isolation device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes a charging pile 94 for charging electric vehicles, a charging pile extension interface (not shown) connected to the charging pile 94, and a remotely controlled circuit breaker (not shown) connected to the charging pile extension interface. The remotely controlled circuit breaker is communicatively connected to the control system.

[0084] After the control system determines that there is a risk of fire in the vehicle's power battery based on the data detected by the infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6, the control system controls the remote-controlled circuit breaker to automatically cut off the power.

[0085] In this embodiment, entrance ramps 9 are provided on both the left and right sides of the gantry 1. Optionally, the entrance ramps 9 are made of metal, or they can all be made of hard rubber composite structure. By providing entrance ramps 9, it is easier for electric vehicles to drive into the gantry 1.

[0086] In this embodiment, the fire isolation device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes an emergency switch 121 communicatively connected to the roller shutter door actuator. The emergency switch 121 is mounted on the vertical frame 12 and is enclosed in glass. In an emergency, by opening the glass cover and pressing the emergency switch 121, the roller shutter door 2 can be released immediately, thereby preventing the spread of accidental fire.

[0087] In this embodiment, the fire barrier device 100 of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station also includes a support platform 91 parallel to the top plate 11. The support platform 91 is located directly below the top plate 11, and the vertical frame 12 is perpendicular to the support platform 91. The support platform 91 is made of metal. A cover plate is provided in the middle of the support platform 91. The cover plate can be a pull-out floor that can be folded to both sides or embedded to open and retract.

[0088] In this embodiment, the outer side of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of detachable wheel stops 92 and parking lines 93.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] Based on the fire barrier device 100 for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations in Embodiment 1, this embodiment also provides a fire barrier method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations, comprising the following steps:

[0091] S1. After the vehicle drives into the door frame 1, the monitoring camera transmits the monitoring information back to the control system. The control system controls the cover plate driver so that the cover plate 3 folds and exposes the notch 31.

[0092] S2, infrared sensor 4 performs real-time infrared scanning of the power battery of electric vehicle, temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, combustible gas detector 6 monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time, and infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5 and combustible gas detector 6 transmit the monitoring data back to the control system.

[0093] S3, when the infrared sensor 4 identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed the threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend so as to close the four sides of the mast 1.

[0094] According to the fire isolation method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations of the present invention, the following steps are performed: S1, a monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to fold the cover plate 3 and expose the notch 31; S2, an infrared sensor 4 performs real-time infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, a temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, and a combustible gas detector 6 monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time. The infrared sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, and combustible gas detector 6 transmit the monitoring data back to the control system; S3, when the infrared sensor 4 identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and combustible gas detector 6 exceed the threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend, thereby closing the four sides of the gantry 1; thus, multiple independent and mutually isolated charging spaces can be provided without large-scale earthwork construction of existing charging stations, effectively isolating accident vehicles after a fire, and minimizing the fire loss of the charging station.

[0095] In this embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and battery swapping stations further includes: S4, while the control system controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend and close the door frame 1, the second sprinkler head 8 sprays fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding battery cell of the power battery according to its own position. If the corresponding battery cell of the power battery still has a risk of thermal runaway after the second sprinkler head 8 sprays the fire-fighting agent, the first sprinkler head 7 opens and sprays fire-fighting water.

[0096] In this embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes: S5, after the infrared sensor 4 no longer identifies certain battery cells as having a risk of thermal runaway, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 drop below the threshold, the first nozzle 7 and the second nozzle 8 are shut off.

[0097] In this embodiment, the fire isolation method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes: S6, after the vehicle leaves the gantry 1, the monitoring camera transmits the monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver so that the cover plate 3 extends and covers the notch 31.

[0098] Optionally, the fire prevention method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations also includes the following steps: when the infrared sensor 4 identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed the threshold, the control system can control the alarm light to flash to issue an alarm.

[0099] Example 4

[0100] Based on the fire barrier device 100 for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations in Embodiment 2, this embodiment also provides a fire barrier method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations, comprising the following steps:

[0101] S1. After the vehicle drives into the door frame 1, the infrared sensor 4 performs real-time infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, and the combustible gas detector 6 monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time. The infrared sensor 4, the temperature sensor 5, and the combustible gas detector 6 transmit the monitoring data back to the control system.

[0102] S2, When the infrared sensor 4 identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed the threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend so as to close the four sides of the mast 1.

[0103] According to the fire isolation method for electric vehicle charging and battery swapping stations of the present invention, the following steps are performed: S1, after the vehicle drives into the gate frame 1, the infrared sensor 4 performs real-time infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, and the combustible gas detector 6 monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time. The infrared sensor 4, the temperature sensor 5, and the combustible gas detector 6 transmit the monitoring data back to the control system; S2, when the infrared sensor 4 identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed the threshold, the control system determines that the vehicle's power battery pack has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend, so as to close the four sides of the gate frame 1. This can provide multiple sets of independent and mutually isolated charging spaces without the need for large-scale earthwork construction of existing charging stations, effectively isolate accident vehicles after a fire, and minimize the fire loss of the charging station.

[0104] In this embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and battery swapping stations further includes: S4, while the control system controls the roller shutter door 2 to descend and close the door frame 1, the second sprinkler head 8 sprays fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding battery cell of the power battery according to its own position. If the corresponding battery cell of the power battery still has a risk of thermal runaway after the second sprinkler head 8 sprays the fire-fighting agent, the first sprinkler head 7 opens and sprays fire-fighting water.

[0105] In this embodiment, the fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations further includes: S5, after the infrared sensor 4 no longer identifies certain battery cells as having a risk of thermal runaway, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 drop below the threshold, the first nozzle 7 and the second nozzle 8 are shut off.

[0106] Optionally, the fire prevention method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations also includes the following steps: when the infrared sensor 4 identifies that some battery cells of the power battery have a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor 5 and the combustible gas detector 6 exceed the threshold, the control system can control the alarm light to flash to issue an alarm.

[0107] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and battery swapping stations, comprising: The system comprises a mast with side openings and a closed top, multiple roller shutters capable of rising and falling on the sides of the mast, and a control system for controlling the rising and falling of the roller shutters. The mast has a recess at its bottom, within which are installed an infrared sensor, a temperature sensor, and a combustible gas detector, all communicatively connected to the control system. The infrared sensor scans the vehicle's battery, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature near the battery, and the combustible gas detector monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the battery. All three transmit their monitoring data back to the control system. When the infrared sensor detects a risk of thermal runaway in a battery cell and the data detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector exceed a threshold, the control system controls the roller shutters to descend, thus closing the mast.

2. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recess is also equipped with a first nozzle and a second nozzle. The first nozzle is used to spray fire-fighting water. The infrared sensor can obtain the position of the thermal runaway battery unit through infrared scanning. The second nozzle is used to spray fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding thermal runaway battery unit of the power battery.

3. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the infrared sensor no longer identifies the thermal runaway battery unit, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector respectively drop below the threshold, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are shut off.

4. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a roller shutter door driver connected to the roller shutter door, the roller shutter door driver being used to drive the roller shutter door, and the roller shutter door driver being communicatively connected to the control system.

5. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gantry includes a top plate and four vertical frames that are all perpendicularly connected to the top plate. Roller shutters are provided on the four sides of the top plate, and each roller shutter can be lowered to the bottom of the vertical frame to close the gantry.

6. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a cover plate disposed above the notch, which can be folded to expose the notch so that the infrared sensor, temperature sensor and combustible gas detector can continuously monitor.

7. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring camera connected to the control system and disposed on the lower surface of the top plate. The cover plate is driven by a cover plate driver to extend or fold, and the cover plate driver is communicatively connected to the control system. When a vehicle enters the gantry, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system. The control system then controls the cover plate actuator to fold the cover plate and expose the recess. When the vehicle leaves the gantry, the monitoring camera transmits monitoring information back to the control system. The control system then controls the cover plate actuator to extend the cover plate and cover the recess.

8. The fire barrier device for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a support platform parallel to the top plate, the support platform being located directly below the top plate, the vertical frame being perpendicular to the support platform, and a cover plate being provided in the middle of the support platform.

9. A fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and battery swapping stations, comprising the following steps: S1. After the vehicle enters the frame, the monitoring camera transmits the monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover to fold to expose the notch. S2. The infrared sensor performs real-time infrared scanning of the electric vehicle's power battery, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature near the power battery in real time, and the combustible gas detector monitors the concentration of combustible gas near the power battery in real time. The infrared sensor, temperature sensor, and combustible gas detector transmit the monitoring data back to the control system. S3. When the infrared sensor detects that the battery cell of the power battery has a risk of thermal runaway and the data detected by the temperature sensor and the combustible gas detector exceeds the threshold, the control system determines that the power battery pack of the vehicle has a risk of thermal runaway and controls the roller shutter door to descend so as to close the four sides of the door frame.

10. The fire isolation method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 9, further comprising: S4. While the control system controls the roller shutter door to descend and close the door frame, the second nozzle sprays fire-fighting agent onto the corresponding battery unit of the power battery according to its own position. If the corresponding battery unit of the power battery still has a risk of thermal runaway after the second nozzle sprays the fire-fighting agent, the first nozzle opens and sprays fire-fighting water.

11. The fire containment method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 9, further comprising: S5. After the infrared sensor no longer identifies a risk of thermal runaway in the battery unit, and the temperature and combustible gas concentration detected by the temperature sensor and combustible gas detector drop below the threshold, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are shut off.

12. The fire isolation method for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations according to claim 9, further comprising: S6. After the vehicle leaves the gantry, the monitoring camera transmits the monitoring information back to the control system, and the control system controls the cover plate driver to extend the cover plate and cover the notch.

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