A dust fall environmental protection device for road engineering construction

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction, specifically relating to the field of road construction technology. It includes a frame and a dust suppression treatment unit mounted on the frame. The invention creates an initial swirling airflow by tangentially introducing dust-laden air into a cylindrical chamber. A spiral guide vane further guides the airflow downwards in a spiral motion, extending the flow path and residence time within the chamber. Simultaneously, an annular water distribution component, water inlet, and guide vane are arranged above. A water supply component continuously delivers water to the annular water distribution component. The ejected water flow spreads evenly and flows smoothly through the guide vane, forming a continuous water film adhering to the inner wall of the chamber. This water film extends continuously downwards along the inner wall of the chamber. During the swirling airflow, large dust particles carried by the airflow migrate towards the outer side of the chamber wall under centrifugal force. The dust particles come into full contact with the continuous water film on the chamber wall, allowing them to be quickly adhered to and captured, achieving efficient separation and removal of dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road construction technology, and in particular to a dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of road engineering projects, earthwork excavation, road surface demolition, material transfer and site leveling operations will continuously generate a large amount of dust. Suspended dust can easily spread to the surrounding areas, polluting not only the construction site and the surrounding atmospheric environment and endangering the health of construction workers, but also reducing the visibility of surrounding roads and affecting traffic safety. Therefore, dust control during the construction process is an important part of environmental protection construction in road engineering.

[0003] Currently, conventional dust suppression methods in road construction mainly fall into two categories. One is open-type water mist spraying dust suppression equipment, including perimeter spraying, fog cannons, water trucks, and high-pole sprayers. This type of equipment has a simple structure and is easy to deploy, and can quickly suppress large-scale dust at construction sites. It is widely used in various civil engineering construction scenarios. However, this type of dust suppression method has significant technical defects. It mainly relies on water mist to passively adsorb surface dust. The dust and water mist do not come into sufficient contact, and the capture efficiency of fine particulate dust is extremely low. At the same time, the operation consumes a lot of water, wastes water resources seriously, and has high operating costs. It is a surface-level symptomatic dust suppression method. Under harsh conditions such as strong winds and dryness, the settled dust is very easy to be stirred up again, resulting in poor dust suppression sustainability and weak stability.

[0004] Another method involves actively drawing in dust-laden airflow and often using spray dust suppression equipment for further dust reduction. However, because the dust-laden airflow is concentrated inside the equipment, its residence time and flow path are both relatively short. Furthermore, the single water mist has low efficiency in capturing fine dust, resulting in insufficient dust contact and capture. The dust is easily discharged directly with the airflow, leading to incomplete dust removal and purification. At the same time, the spray nozzles are also prone to clogging, resulting in significant water waste.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction includes a frame and a dust suppression treatment unit mounted on the frame;

[0009] The dust suppression unit includes a cylinder one, with an air inlet pipe tangentially connected to the upper side wall of the cylinder one, and a central exhaust pipe coaxially passing through its top end. The upper end of the central exhaust pipe is connected to a negative pressure induced draft mechanism, and a cylinder two is provided at the bottom slag discharge port of the cylinder one.

[0010] An annular water distribution component is provided in the upper part of the cylinder. The annular water distribution component has several water outlets facing the inner wall of the cylinder along the circumference. Several guide vanes are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder near the lower part of the annular water distribution component. Each guide vane is inclined and attached to the inner wall of the cylinder along the airflow direction. The water outlet direction of the water outlet is adapted to the inclination direction of the water outlet, so that the water flow forms a continuous water film on the inner wall of the cylinder after being guided by the guide vanes.

[0011] A spiral guide vane is provided inside the cylinder near the bottom of the air inlet pipe. The inner side of the spiral guide vane is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central exhaust pipe, and an annular gap is reserved between its outer edge and the inner wall of the cylinder. The spiral guide vane is used to guide the tangentially entering dust-laden airflow to move downward in a spiral. The water film can extend downward along the inner wall of the cylinder through the annular gap. The annular water distribution component is connected to a water supply component.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of combing plates are arranged at intervals along the spiral direction on the upper part of the spiral guide plate facing the flow. The orientation of the combing plates is adapted to the direction of airflow rotation and is configured to divert and guide the downward water flow in the cylinder, so that the water flow is evenly spread on the dust-facing surface of the spiral guide plate.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the water supply assembly includes a water storage tank, a water pump, a return pipe, and a recovery assembly;

[0014] One end of the water pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end is connected to the annular water distribution component through a return pipe. The return pipe is tangentially connected to the side wall of the annular water distribution component. The recovery component is located between the water storage tank and the second cylinder and is configured to guide the water in the second cylinder after sedimentation and separation back to the water storage tank, forming a circulating water supply path.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the recycling component includes a filter plate obliquely disposed at the top of the inside of the water storage tank, a plurality of water distribution pipes and an opening. The opening is located on one side of the water storage tank and at the bottom of the filter plate. The plurality of water distribution pipes are disposed on the other side of the water storage tank and at the top of the filter plate. A drain pipe is disposed in the clear water area on the upper side wall of the second cylinder. One end of the plurality of water distribution pipes is connected to the drain pipe.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a sludge collection frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water storage tank near the opening by a bracket, and a flow-blocking component is provided in the water storage tank at the position corresponding to the opening. The flow-blocking component is configured to prevent water from overflowing directly out of the opening.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the flow-blocking component includes a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the water storage tank near the top of the filter plate. The outer side wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a plurality of baffles arranged in a ring array. The free end of the baffles is provided with an arc-shaped thin blade structure for scraping off dirt and impurities attached to the surface of the filter plate.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the negative pressure ventilation mechanism includes a fan and an exhaust pipe, wherein the air inlet end of the fan is connected to the top end of the central exhaust pipe, and the air outlet end of the fan is connected to the exhaust pipe.

[0019] Both the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are equipped with air hoods at their ends, and an air blowing assembly is provided between the air outlet pipe and the water storage tank. The air blowing assembly is used to blow air onto the filter plate.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the air blowing assembly includes an air supply pipe disposed at the bottom side of the air outlet pipe, and an air cover is disposed at the bottom end of the air supply pipe. The air cover is installed through and above the top of the water storage tank near the water distribution pipe, and the air outlet direction of the air cover is towards the filter plate.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention, control valves are provided at the top of the air supply pipe and the end of the drain pipe.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0023] This invention creates an initial swirling airflow by tangentially introducing dust-laden airflow into the first cylinder. A spiral guide vane further guides the airflow downwards in a spiral motion, extending its flow path and residence time within the cylinder. Simultaneously, an annular water distribution component, water inlet, and guide vane are installed above. A water supply assembly continuously delivers water to the annular water distribution component. The ejected water flows evenly and smoothly through the guide vane, forming a continuous water film adhering to the inner wall of the first cylinder. This water film extends continuously downwards along the inner wall of the first cylinder. During the swirling airflow, large dust particles carried by the airflow migrate outwards due to centrifugal force. The dust particles come into full contact with the continuous water film on the cylinder wall, allowing them to be quickly adhered to and captured, achieving efficient separation and removal of dust.

[0024] Furthermore, when the airflow of the present invention tangentially enters the cylinder, it can simultaneously carry a portion of the water flow formed by the cylinder wall to the surface of the spiral guide vane, so that the water flow forms a uniform flowing water layer on the surface of the spiral guide vane. As the airflow flows down along the spiral guide vane, the fine dust flowing across the surface of the blade can be further adhered and intercepted by the blade water layer. The cylinder wall water film and the blade water layer form a dual dust removal structure, which further improves the separation and purification effect of particulate dust and effectively solves the problem of low fine dust capture efficiency of traditional single water mist dust removal.

[0025] In addition, by setting combing plates on the spiral guide vanes, the collected water flow falling from the cylinder wall can be evenly distributed and combed, avoiding water flow accumulation and flowing in streams, ensuring that the water layer on the surface of the spiral guide vanes is uniform and continuous, and enhancing the spiral guide vanes' ability to adhere to and capture fine dust. On the other hand, it can shear and break up the agglomerated dust clumps and large dust particles carried in the swirling airflow, breaking the agglomerated dust into small individual particles, increasing the contact area between dust and water, effectively improving the problem that fine dust is not easy to capture and is easy to escape with the airflow, and further improving the overall swirling dust removal effect.

[0026] This invention can recycle and reuse dust-mixed water. Compared with traditional methods such as direct spraying of water mist and fog cannon dust suppression, this dust suppression and purification method has a longer airflow dust removal path and more thorough dust contact and capture. It can effectively avoid the defects of traditional dust removal methods such as high water consumption, incomplete dust removal and dust generation. It has stronger stability and adaptability for dust suppression in road engineering construction. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of cylinder one, cylinder two, and water storage tank of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal sectional view of cylinder one and cylinder two of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the interior of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular water distribution component and the guide vane of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the water storage tank of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water storage tank of the present invention.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 100. Rack;

[0040] 200. Cylinder 1; 201. Fan; 202. Inlet pipe; 203. Outlet pipe; 204. Fan shroud; 205. Central exhaust pipe;

[0041] 300. Cylinder 2; 301. Drainage pipe;

[0042] 400. Water storage tank; 401. Water pump; 402. Return pipe; 403. Distribution pipe; 404. Opening; 405. Sludge collection frame;

[0043] 500, Spiral Guide Vane; 501, Comb Vane;

[0044] 600. Annular water distribution component; 601. Water distribution outlet;

[0045] 700, air deflector;

[0046] 800, filter plate;

[0047] 900, flow deflector; 901, connecting shaft; 902, baffle plate;

[0048] 1000, air supply duct; 1001, air hood. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention proposes a dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction, including a frame 100 and a dust suppression treatment unit installed on the frame 100; the dust suppression treatment unit includes a first cylinder 200, an air inlet pipe 202 is tangentially connected to the upper side wall of the first cylinder 200, and a central exhaust pipe 205 is coaxially installed at its top end, the upper end of the central exhaust pipe 205 is connected to a negative pressure exhaust mechanism, and a second cylinder 300 is provided at the bottom slag discharge port of the first cylinder 200;

[0051] The negative pressure suction mechanism creates a negative pressure suction force inside the cylinder 200, causing the dust-laden gas from the road construction area to be continuously drawn into the cylinder 200 through the air inlet pipe 202. Since the air inlet pipe 202 is tangentially connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 200, the dust-laden airflow entering the cylinder 200 can form an initial swirling airflow along the inner wall of the cylinder 200. With the help of the spiral guide vanes 500 arranged inside the cylinder 200, the dust-laden airflow can be further guided to move downward in a spiral along the spiral guide vanes 500, effectively extending the flow path and residence time of the airflow inside the cylinder.

[0052] An annular water distribution component 600 is provided in the upper part of the cylinder 200. The annular water distribution component 600 has several water outlets 601 facing the inner wall of the cylinder 200 along the circumferential direction. Several guide vanes 700 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 200 near the lower part of the annular water distribution component 600. Each guide vane 700 is inclined and attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 200 along the airflow direction. The water outlet direction of the water outlets 601 is adapted to the inclination direction of the water outlets 601, so that the water flows through the guide vanes 700 and forms a continuous water film on the inner wall of the cylinder 200.

[0053] Inside cylinder 200, near the lower part of the air inlet pipe 202, there is a spiral guide vane 500. The inner side of the spiral guide vane is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central exhaust pipe 205, and an annular gap is reserved between its outer edge and the inner wall of cylinder 200. The spiral guide vane 500 is used to guide the tangentially entering dust-laden airflow to move downward in a spiral. The water film can extend downward along the inner wall of cylinder 200 through the annular gap. The annular water distribution component 600 is connected to a water supply component.

[0054] Meanwhile, the water supply component continuously supplies water to the annular water distribution component 600. After the water fills the annular pipe, it is ejected tangentially through the bottom water outlet 601. The ejected water flow can spread evenly and flow smoothly in accordance with the inclined guiding direction of the guide plate 700, and finally form a continuous wall-adhering water film on the inner wall of the cylinder 200. The water film extends and flows continuously from top to bottom along the inner wall of the cylinder 200. During the swirling motion of the airflow, the large dust particles carried by the airflow continuously migrate to the outside of the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force. The dust particles are in full contact with the continuous water film on the cylinder wall and can be quickly adhered and captured by the water film, achieving efficient separation and removal of dust.

[0055] As the airflow tangentially enters the interior of cylinder 200, it can simultaneously carry some of the water flow formed on the cylinder wall to the surface of the spiral guide vane 500. Relying on the flow field characteristics of the tangential air intake and the inclined arrangement structure of the spiral guide vane 500, the spreading water flow can form a uniform flowing water layer on the surface of the spiral guide vane 500. As the airflow descends along the spiral guide vane 500, the fine dust flowing across the surface of the blade can be further adhered and intercepted by the blade water layer. The dual dust removal structure formed by the cylinder wall water film and the blade water layer further improves the separation and purification effect of particulate dust, effectively solving the problem of low fine dust capture efficiency in traditional single water mist dust removal.

[0056] After dust removal, the water carrying dust flows continuously downward along the inner wall of cylinder 200 and eventually falls into cylinder 300 connected at the bottom. The space of cylinder 300 is used to achieve gravity sedimentation and separation of mud and water, so that dust and impurities are deposited and enriched at the bottom of cylinder 300. The clean supernatant can be returned to the water supply component for recycling. The clean airflow that has completed dust removal and purification is drawn upward from the middle of the cylinder into the central exhaust pipe 205 and discharged outward under the suction action of the negative pressure fan mechanism, thus completing the purification operation of the entire dust-laden gas.

[0057] Compared to traditional methods such as direct water spraying and mist cannon dust suppression, the dust suppression and purification method of this device has a longer airflow dust removal path and more thorough dust contact and capture. It can effectively avoid the defects of traditional dust removal methods such as high water consumption, incomplete dust removal, and easy dust stirring in high wind conditions. It has stronger stability and adaptability for dust suppression in road construction projects.

[0058] It should be noted that the bottom of the 300-tube cylinder can be connected to a slag collection box, a screw sludge discharge machine and other impurity collection equipment according to the actual road construction conditions. This can centrally collect the dust, mud and sand impurities that settle and accumulate inside the 300-tube cylinder, reduce the frequency of manual cleaning and meet the needs of continuous outdoor construction in road administration.

[0059] In this embodiment, a number of combing plates 501 are arranged at intervals along the spiral direction on the upper part of the spiral guide plate 500 facing the flow. The orientation of the combing plates 501 is adapted to the direction of airflow rotation and is set to divert and guide the downward water flow in the cylinder 200 so that the water flow is evenly spread on the dust-facing surface of the spiral guide plate 500.

[0060] By setting the comb plate 501, the collected water flow falling from the cylinder wall can be evenly distributed and combed, avoiding the water flow from accumulating and flowing in streams. This ensures that the water layer on the surface of the spiral guide plate 500 is uniform and continuous, and enhances the spiral guide plate 500's ability to adhere to and capture fine dust. At the same time, the comb plate 501 can shear and break up the agglomerated dust clumps and large dust particles carried in the swirling airflow, breaking the agglomerated dust into small individual particles, increasing the contact area between dust and water, effectively improving the problem that fine dust is not easy to capture and easily escapes with the airflow, and further improving the overall swirling dust removal effect.

[0061] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, please refer to the following: Figures 1-2 and Figures 9-10 As shown, the water supply assembly includes a water storage tank 400, a water pump 401, a return pipe 402, and a recovery assembly;

[0062] One end of the water pump 401 is connected to the water storage tank 400, and the other end is connected to the annular water distribution component 600 through the return pipe 402. The return pipe 402 is tangentially connected to the side wall of the annular water distribution component 600. The recovery component is set between the water storage tank 400 and the second cylinder 300, and is configured to guide the water in the second cylinder 300 after sedimentation and separation back to the water storage tank 400, forming a circulating water supply path.

[0063] Water stored in the water storage tank 400 is pumped into the return pipe 402 by the water pump 401, and then into the annular water distribution component 600 through the return pipe 402. Since the return pipe 402 is tangentially connected to the side wall of the annular water distribution component 600, the water flow direction is consistent with the airflow swirl direction inside the cylinder 200. This allows the water to form a circumferential circulation and pressure stabilization effect inside the annular water distribution component 600, ensuring that the water flow rate and velocity at each water outlet 601 are uniform. At the same time, the guide angle of the guide vane 700 is adapted to ensure that the ejected water flow can smoothly spread against the wall and stably form a continuous and uniform water film on the cylinder wall, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the cyclone dust removal system.

[0064] After the water is purified by sedimentation in the second cylinder 300, it flows back to the water storage tank 400 through the recycling component, realizing the recycling of water resources, effectively reducing the water consumption of the equipment operation, and adapting to the long-term continuous dust suppression operation needs of road administration projects.

[0065] In this embodiment, the recycling component includes a filter plate 800 obliquely disposed at the top of the inside of the water storage tank 400, several water distribution pipes 403, and an opening 404. The opening 404 is located on one side of the water storage tank 400 and at the bottom of the filter plate 800. Several water distribution pipes 403 are disposed on the other side of the water storage tank 400 and at the top of the filter plate 800. A drain pipe 301 is disposed in the clear water area on the upper side wall of the second cylinder 300. One end of each of the several water distribution pipes 403 is connected to the drain pipe 301.

[0066] Water from the upper part of the clear water zone on the side wall of cylinder 2 300 can be introduced into each water distribution pipe 403 through the drain pipe 301, and then evenly distributed into the water storage tank 400 through each water distribution pipe 403, so that the water flow is evenly distributed on the surface of the filter plate 800. The filter plate 800 can perform fine filtration of the water, effectively intercepting fine dust, silt and suspended impurities in the water that have not been completely settled, preventing impurities from directly entering the clear water zone of the water storage tank 400, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the water and continuously maintaining the long-term stable circulating dust reduction condition of the equipment.

[0067] In this embodiment, a sludge collection frame 405 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water storage tank 400 near the lower part of the opening 404 by a bracket. A flow-blocking component 900 is provided in the water storage tank 400 at the position corresponding to the opening 404. The flow-blocking component 900 is configured to prevent water from overflowing directly from the opening 404.

[0068] The flow-blocking component 900 includes a connecting shaft 901 rotatably connected to the water storage tank 400 near the filter plate 800. Multiple baffles 902 are arranged in a ring array on the outer side wall of the connecting shaft 901. The free end of the baffles 902 is provided with an arc-shaped thin blade structure for scraping off dirt and impurities attached to the surface of the filter plate 800.

[0069] Therefore, by setting baffle 902 to intercept at opening 404, the water will not rush out directly through opening 404. At the same time, the continuously flowing water can continuously wash away the impurities accumulated and intercepted on the surface of filter plate 800, causing the impurities to roll down along the inclined opening 404.

[0070] Because the end of the baffle 902 is designed with an arc-shaped thin blade structure, it can rotate with the connecting shaft 901 under the impact of water flow. The arc-shaped thin blade structure can fit against the surface of the filter plate 800 to perform a scraping action, further assisting in the removal of impurities. Afterwards, the impurities can fall into the dirt collection frame 405 through the opening 404 for unified collection.

[0071] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figures 1-4 and Figures 9-10 As shown, the negative pressure exhaust mechanism includes a fan 201 and an exhaust pipe 203. The air inlet end of the fan 201 is connected to the top of the central exhaust pipe 205, and the air outlet end of the fan 201 is connected to the exhaust pipe 203. Both the exhaust pipe 203 and the air inlet pipe 202 are equipped with a fan hood 204, and an air blowing assembly is provided between the exhaust pipe 203 and the water storage tank 400. The air blowing assembly is used to blow air onto the filter plate 800.

[0072] The air blowing assembly includes an air supply pipe 1000 disposed on the bottom side of the air outlet pipe 203. An air cover 1001 is disposed at the bottom end of the air supply pipe 1000. The air cover 1001 is installed through the top of the water storage tank 400 near the water distribution pipe 403, and the air outlet direction of the air cover 1001 is towards the filter plate 800.

[0073] Control valves are installed at the top of the air supply duct 1000 and the end of the drain pipe 301.

[0074] The hood 204 allows for better suction and air supply. When it is necessary to clean the dust and impurities accumulated on the surface of the filter plate 800, the air supply pipe 1000 can be opened. The air supply pipe 1000 intercepts the clean air generated in the exhaust pipe 203, allowing the air to be concentrated and introduced into the hood 1001. Since the air outlet of the hood 1001 faces the filter plate 800, combined with the water flow impact, it can better remove the dirt attached to the surface of the filter plate 800. At the same time, the airflow can flow along the inclined surface of the filter plate 800 to the baffle 902 to better assist the rotation of the baffle 902, thereby efficiently completing the rapid removal and unblocking of the filter plate 800, significantly reducing the probability of filter plate 800 blockage, and greatly improving the continuous operation time and maintenance convenience of the entire water circulation dust removal device.

[0075] Working principle:

[0076] During operation, a negative pressure suction force is generated inside cylinder 200 by the negative pressure exhaust mechanism, causing dust-laden gas from the road construction area to be continuously drawn into cylinder 200 through the air inlet pipe 202. The dust-laden airflow forms an initial swirling airflow along the inner wall of cylinder 200. This, combined with the spiral guide vanes 500 installed inside cylinder 200, further guides the dust-laden airflow to move downwards in a spiral motion along the guide vanes 500. Simultaneously, the water supply component continuously supplies water to the annular water distribution component 600. After the water fills the annular pipe, it is ejected tangentially at an angle through the bottom water outlet 601. The ejected water flow can evenly spread and flow along the inclined direction of the guide vanes 700, ultimately forming a continuous wall-adhering water film on the inner wall of cylinder 200. This water film continuously extends and flows downwards along the inner wall of cylinder 200. During the swirling motion of the airflow, the gas... Large dust particles carried by the flow continuously migrate towards the outside of the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force. The dust particles are in full contact with the continuous water film on the cylinder wall and can be quickly adhered and captured by the water film, achieving efficient separation and removal of dust. During the process of the airflow tangentially rushing into the interior of the cylinder 200, it can simultaneously carry some of the water flow formed by the cylinder wall to the surface of the spiral guide plate 500. The water flow can form a uniform flowing water layer on the surface of the spiral guide plate 500. At the same time, the comb plate 501 can evenly distribute and comb the collected water flow to ensure that the surface water layer is uniform and continuous, enhancing the adhesion and capture ability of fine dust. On the other hand, it can shear and break up the agglomerated dust clumps and large dust particles carried in the swirling airflow. As the airflow flows down along the spiral guide plate 500, the fine dust flowing over the blade surface can be further adhered and intercepted by the blade water layer.

[0077] After dust removal, the water carrying the dust flows continuously downward along the inner wall of cylinder 200 and eventually falls into cylinder 300 connected at the bottom. The space of cylinder 300 is used to achieve gravity sedimentation and separation of mud and water, so that dust and impurities are deposited and enriched at the bottom of cylinder 300. The clean supernatant can be returned to the water supply component for recycling. The clean airflow that has completed dust removal and purification is drawn upward from the middle of the cylinder into the central exhaust pipe 205 and discharged outward under the suction action of the negative pressure fan mechanism.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0079] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects, characterized in that, Includes a frame (100) and a dust suppression unit mounted on the frame (100); The dust suppression unit includes a cylinder one (200), the upper side wall of the cylinder one (200) is tangentially connected to an air inlet pipe (202), and a central exhaust pipe (205) is coaxially passed through its top end. The upper end of the central exhaust pipe (205) is connected to a negative pressure induced draft mechanism, and a cylinder two (300) is provided at the bottom slag discharge port of the cylinder one (200). An annular water distribution component (600) is provided in the upper part of the cylinder (200). The annular water distribution component (600) has several water outlets (601) facing the inner wall of the cylinder (200) along the circumferential direction. Several guide vanes (700) are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder (200) near the lower part of the annular water distribution component (600). Each guide vane (700) is inclined and attached to the inner wall of the cylinder (200) along the airflow direction. The water outlet direction of the water outlet (601) is adapted to the inclination direction of the water outlet (601) so that the water flows through the guide vane (700) and forms a continuous water film on the inner wall of the cylinder (200). A spiral guide vane (500) is provided inside the cylinder (200) near the bottom of the air inlet pipe (202). The inner side of the spiral guide vane is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central exhaust pipe (205), and an annular gap is reserved between its outer edge and the inner wall of the cylinder (200). The spiral guide vane (500) is used to guide the tangentially entering dust-laden airflow to move downward in a spiral. The water film can extend downward along the inner wall of the cylinder (200) through the annular gap. The annular water distribution component (600) is connected to a water supply component.

2. The dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the spiral guide vane (500) facing the flow is provided with a number of comb vanes (501) at intervals along the spiral direction. The orientation of the comb vanes is adapted to the direction of airflow rotation and is set to divert and guide the downward water flow in the first cylinder (200) so that the water flow is evenly spread on the dust-facing surface of the spiral guide vane (500).

3. The dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply components include a water storage tank (400), a water pump (401), a return pipe (402), and a recycling component; One end of the water pump (401) is connected to the water storage tank (400), and the other end is connected to the annular water distribution component (600) through the return pipe (402). The return pipe (402) is tangentially connected to the side wall of the annular water distribution component (600). The recovery component is located between the water storage tank (400) and the second cylinder (300), and is configured to guide the water in the second cylinder (300) after sedimentation and separation back to the water storage tank (400) to form a circulating water supply path.

4. The dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The recycling component includes a filter plate (800) obliquely disposed at the top of the inside of the water storage tank (400), several water distribution pipes (403) and an opening (404). The opening (404) is located on one side of the water storage tank (400) and at the bottom of the filter plate (800). Several water distribution pipes (403) are disposed on the other side of the water storage tank (400) and at the top of the filter plate (800). A drain pipe (301) is disposed in the clear water area on the upper side wall of the second cylinder (300). One end of several water distribution pipes (403) is connected to the drain pipe (301).

5. A dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sludge collection frame (405) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water storage tank (400) near the opening (404) by a bracket. A flow-blocking component (900) is provided in the water storage tank (400) at the position corresponding to the opening (404). The flow-blocking component (900) is configured to prevent water from overflowing directly from the opening (404).

6. The dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flow-blocking component (900) includes a connecting shaft (901) rotatably connected inside the water storage tank (400) near the filter plate (800). The outer side wall of the connecting shaft (901) is provided with a ring array of multiple baffles (902). The free end of the baffle (902) is provided with an arc-shaped thin blade structure for scraping off dirt and impurities attached to the surface of the filter plate (800).

7. A dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The negative pressure ventilation mechanism includes a fan (201) and an exhaust pipe (203). The air inlet of the fan (201) is connected to the top of the central exhaust pipe (205), and the air outlet of the fan (201) is connected to the exhaust pipe (203). Both the air outlet pipe (203) and the air inlet pipe (202) are provided with a wind cover (204) at their ends, and an air blowing assembly is provided between the air outlet pipe (203) and the water storage tank (400). The air blowing assembly is used to blow air onto the filter plate (800).

8. A dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air blowing assembly includes an air supply pipe (1000) disposed on the bottom side of the air outlet pipe (203). An air hood (1001) is disposed at the bottom end of the air supply pipe (1000). The air hood (1001) is installed through the top of the water storage tank (400) near the water distribution pipe (403), and the air outlet direction of the air hood (1001) is towards the filter plate (800).

9. A dust suppression and environmental protection device for road construction projects according to claim 8, characterized in that, Control valves are provided at the top of the air supply pipe (1000) and the end of the drain pipe (301).

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