A method and device for integrating ladle capping and slag cleaning

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for integrated capping and slag cleaning, which comprises a capping machine, a slag cleaning machine, a ladle car, a ladle, a platform and a track. The ladle capping and uncapping equipment is changed from fixed to mobile, and the golden position is released, and the slag cleaning equipment is integrated and arranged, so that the space occupation is reduced, the space utilization is improved, the working efficiency and metallurgical quality are improved, the automatic operation is realized, the energy saving and carbon reduction are realized, the assembly line operation is realized, the multi-working-condition adaptation is realized, the transportation and retransportation time of the ladle is reduced, and the technical foundation for the automation and unmanned operation of the process is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal, mainly used for adding and removing ladle covers and removing floating slag from the surface of molten steel, and can also be used in other similar situations. Background Technology

[0002] Steel production is rapidly developing towards high-end, green, and intelligent directions.

[0003] Covering the ladle significantly improves the insulation of the molten steel inside, and has become a necessary measure for the greening of steel production.

[0004] Slag removal from molten steel is the process of removing slag floating on the surface of molten steel. It is an essential means for the high-end development of steel production, primarily to improve steel quality and reduce impurities. Secondly, it reduces metallurgical energy consumption.

[0005] Typically, the capping machine is installed on a fixed platform spanning the molten steel transport line of the metallurgical furnace. It occupies a valuable position at the metallurgical furnace end of the molten steel transport line, and it is only useful when adding or removing caps. At other times, it is useless and causes serious impact on other operations.

[0006] Due to the traditional factory layout of old steel plants, regardless of the metallurgical methods of converters, electric furnaces, refining furnaces and vacuum furnaces, and the different arrangements of equipment, the addition of ladle cover-adding equipment has exacerbated the problem of space congestion in the narrow site, adversely affecting overhead cranes, ground vehicle transportation, and the layout of existing equipment and facilities. If slag removal equipment for molten steel is added, it will be even more difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention proposes an integrated method and apparatus for ladle capping and slag removal, which transforms the ladle capping and unloading equipment from a fixed to a mobile one and integrates it with the molten steel slag removal equipment. This reduces space occupation and improves space utilization, thereby achieving a compact arrangement of ladle capping and molten steel slag removal in one station, enabling streamlined operation and adaptability to multiple working conditions. It also reduces the transportation and handling of molten steel ladles, improves efficiency, and provides a good equipment foundation for the automation of this process.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The existing fixed arrangement of the covering machine is changed to a mobile arrangement. When slag removal is required, the covering platform carries the covering machine away to make way for the slag removal machine or other metallurgical operations, thereby improving the quality of molten steel.

[0010] The capping machine and the slag cleaning machine are arranged on a shared fixed platform. The platform is fixedly installed on the axis of the steel tapping line. The slag cleaning machine cleans the molten steel ladle on the ladle car on the steel tapping line without the need to build a separate platform.

[0011] The slag removal machine and the ladle cover loading and unloading machine are integrated and arranged on the same platform, in a line close to the metallurgical furnace. This arrangement does not occupy the valuable span of the molten steel receiving area. It enables online ladle cover loading and unloading and slag removal operations for molten steel in the ladle on the space-constrained metallurgical furnace molten steel transport line. Moreover, it does not affect the operation of overhead cranes or ground vehicles in the workshop.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention: the capping machine and the slag cleaning machine are arranged on the same platform or on separate platforms, which can be fixed, movable, left and right, or front and back to form a variety of combinations, which greatly improves the working condition adaptability of the integrated capping and slag cleaning equipment. (1) The capping machine platform and the slag cleaning machine platform are arranged on the same line left and right. The ladle car is stationary, and the capping machine and its platform are moved. The slag cleaning machine and its platform can be fixed or movable. This can meet the working conditions of tight span in the workshop and spacious length in the workshop. It can also realize the dual-station operation of one slag cleaning machine for two adjacent metallurgical furnaces. The capping machine and the slag cleaning machine work alternately to form a high-efficiency operation mode of the assembly line. At the same time, it is easy to realize automated operation. (2) Another situation is that the ladle coverer platform and the slag remover platform are arranged perpendicularly on different lines, which satisfies the working conditions where the length of the workshop is tight: the ladle coverer and the slag remover are arranged one after the other on their respective movable platforms and travel on mutually perpendicular tracks. The travel track of the slag remover platform is the same as or coaxial with the travel track of the ladle car. The slag remover can wait in the same span opposite the coverer position, or between the columns of two workshops, or in another span, reducing the area occupied by the slag remover and its platform in the workshop where the span is also tight. (3) It also satisfies the working conditions where molten steel needs to cross the span. The slag remover is arranged on a movable support platform on the track independent of the molten steel transport line, and the molten steel ladle can pass under it. (4) There are two types of slag removers: slag pickers and slag excavators. They can be selected according to the needs and can be arranged on the platform.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By integrating the cover machine and the slag remover, the market demand for simultaneous ladle cover and molten steel slag removal operations in narrow workshops is met; (2) The ladle cover platform is changed from fixed to movable, which solves the problem that the prime location at the metallurgical furnace end of the tapping line is occupied by the cover machine, resulting in poor arrangement of slag removal operations; (3) By combining the left-right and front-back arrangements between the cover machine and the slag remover, and the different combinations of fixed and movable platforms, a comprehensive ladle cover and molten steel slag removal method suitable for various metallurgical furnaces, and various working conditions where the width direction is tight and the span direction is tight is created; (4) After the cover machine platform is movable, the slag remover platform can be installed at its appropriate height, solving the problem that the slag remover platform needs to be higher because the ladle car needs to pass under the slag remover platform, resulting in the slag remover being arranged too high and unable to remove slag; (5) After the cover machine and its platform are movable, the ladle cover and molten steel slag removal are "assembly lined", which is more conducive to achieving automation and unmanned operation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a plan view showing the cover-covering machine 6 and the slag-removing machine 7 fixedly installed on a shared platform 5.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a plan view showing the cover-filling machine 6 and the slag-removing machine 7 arranged on the platform 5.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a plan view showing the arrangement of the cover-covering machine 6 and the slag-cleaning machine 7 on their respective mobile platforms 5-1 and 5-2, with dual workstations.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a plan view showing the cover-covering machine 6 and the slag-cleaning machine 7 arranged on the left and right sides of the platform, with platform 5-1 being movable and platform 5-2 being fixed.

[0018] Figure 5 The diagram shows the cover-covering machine 6 and the slag-cleaning machine 7 arranged on separate platforms, with platform 5-1 moving on track 8 perpendicular to the steel discharge line 2 and platform 5-2 moving on track 9 coaxial with the steel discharge line 2.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the workshop occupied by the ladle covering system. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution and implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Reference Figure 1 For workshops with large spans, where a single furnace is used, the cover-covering machine 6 and the slag-cleaning machine 7 are arranged one after the other on the same fixed platform 5.

[0023] A ladle car 3 is arranged on the tapping line 2 near the metallurgical furnace 1. A ladle 4 is placed on the ladle car 3. A platform 5 is fixedly installed on the axis of the tapping line 2. On the platform 5, a cover-adding machine 6 and a slag-removing machine 7 are fixedly installed in a back-to-back arrangement.

[0024] The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace 1 is discharged into the ladle 4 located in the ladle car 3. The ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the molten steel cleaning position, where the slag cleaning machine 7 cleans the molten steel in the ladle 4. Then, the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the ladle covering position, where the ladle 4 is covered, and then the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 away. Molten steel from outside is carried by ladle car 3 to ladle 4 to the cover-up position to remove the ladle cover, enter the metallurgical furnace 1 for smelting, and after exiting, it goes to the slag removal position to remove slag, then returns to the cover-up position to re-cover, and then drives out; or before entering the metallurgical furnace 1, it goes to the slag removal position to remove slag, then enters the metallurgical furnace 1 for smelting, and after exiting, it removes slag again, or it is directly covered and driven out without removing slag.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] Reference Figure 2 For workshops with narrow spans and open spaces along their length, whether used by a single furnace or multiple furnaces, the covering machine 6 and the slag cleaning machine 7 are arranged on a shared mobile platform 5.

[0027] After the metallurgical furnace 1 taps steel, the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the ladle covering and slag cleaning position and remains stationary. The moving platform 5 moves to the slag cleaning machine 7 to clean the ladle 4. Then the moving platform 5 moves to the covering and slag cleaning position, the covering machine 6 covers the ladle 4, and then the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 away. For molten steel already covered with a lid, the mobile platform 5 first moves to the lid-adding and slag-removing position, the lid-adding machine 6 aligns with the ladle 4 to remove the lid, and then the mobile platform 5 moves to the slag-removing machine 7 to clean the ladle 4. After that, the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the metallurgical furnace 1 for smelting, or the ladle cover is removed before the ladle is directly smelted in the metallurgical furnace 1. After smelting, the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 to the lid-adding and slag-removing position for slag removal, or the ladle car 3 carries the lid-adding machine 6 to the lid-adding and slag-removing position to add a lid to the ladle 4. The ladle car 3 then carries the ladle 4 into the next process.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] Reference Figure 3 For workshops with narrow spans and empty lengths, or for the use of one machine for two furnaces to save on equipment investment, the cover machine 6 is fixedly installed on the mobile platform 5-1, and the slag cleaning machine 7 is fixedly installed on the mobile platform 5-2. Platforms 5-1 and 5-2 are arranged together on a track perpendicular to the steel tapping line 2.

[0030] After smelting in metallurgical furnace 1, ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 to the ladle covering and slag cleaning station and remains stationary. Mobile platform 5-2 carries slag cleaning machine 7 to clean slag from ladle 4 and then leaves. Mobile platform 5-1 moves to cover machine 6 to cover ladle 4 and then drives away. Finally, ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 to the next process. In the case where two furnaces share one slag cleaner 7, after smelting in metallurgical furnace 1-1, ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 to the ladle covering and slag cleaning station and remains stationary. Mobile platform 5-2 carries slag cleaner 7 to clean the ladle 4 and then leaves. Mobile platform 5-1 then moves to cover ladle 4 with cover machine 6 and leaves. Mobile platform 5-2 carries slag cleaner 7 on a track perpendicular to the tapping lines 2 of the two metallurgical furnaces to clean the ladle 4 aligned with metallurgical furnace 1-2 and then leaves. Then platform 5-1 carries cover machine 6 to cover ladle 4 and leaves. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 to the next process.

[0031] For molten steel already covered with a lid, the ladle 4, transported by the ladle car 3, enters the lid-adding and slag-cleaning station and remains stationary. The moving platform 5-1 first moves to the lid-adding and slag-cleaning station, the lid-adding machine 6 aligns with the ladle 4 to unload the lid, and then the moving platform 5-2 moves to the lid-adding and slag-cleaning station, the slag-cleaning machine 7 aligns with the ladle 4 to clean the slag. The ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the metallurgical furnace 1 for smelting, and then moves back to the lid-adding and slag-cleaning station and remains stationary. The lid-adding machine 6 aligns with the ladle 4 to add a lid, and then the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 away; or the slag-cleaning machine 7 cleans the slag first, then adds a lid, and then drives away.

[0032] For the working condition where two furnaces share one slag cleaning machine 7, there are two mobile platforms, one for metallurgical furnace 1-1 and one for metallurgical furnace 1-2.

[0033] The external ladle 4, covered, is transported by the ladle car 3 and enters the slag removal station, where it remains stationary. The mobile platform 5-1 of the metallurgical furnace 1-1 moves to the slag removal station, the covering machine 6 is aligned with the ladle 4 to remove the cover and then leaves, the mobile platform 5-2 carries the slag removal machine 7 to the ladle 4 to remove the slag and then leaves, and the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the metallurgical furnace 1-1 for smelting. The mobile platform 5-2, carrying the slag remover 7, travels on a track perpendicular to the tapping line 2 to the slag removal and covering position of the metallurgical furnace 1-2. After removing the slag from the ladle 4 carried by the ladle car 3 in the metallurgical furnace 1-2, it leaves. Then, the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 into the metallurgical furnace 1-2 for smelting. After smelting, it moves back to the slag removal and covering position and remains stationary. The covering machine 6 covers the ladle 4, and then the ladle car 3 carries the ladle 4 away. Alternatively, the slag remover 7 can perform slag removal first, then cover, and then leave.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] Reference Figure 4It is used in a single furnace. The cover-covering machine 6 is fixedly installed on the mobile platform 5-1, and the slag cleaning machine 7 is fixedly installed on the fixed platform 5-2. The mobile platform 5-1 and the fixed platform 5-2 are arranged on the same axis perpendicular to the tapping line 2.

[0036] In the case of molten steel being tapped from metallurgical furnace 1, the molten steel smelted in metallurgical furnace 1 is tapped into ladle 4 located in ladle car 3. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 into the molten steel ladle 4 and into the slag removal and covering position. The slag remover 7 on platform 5-2 rotates to remove slag from the molten steel in ladle 4 and then rotates away. Platform 5-1 carries coverer 6 into the covering position to cover ladle 4, and then ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 away. For the case of external molten steel, the external molten steel is carried by ladle car 3 to ladle 4 and enters the refining furnace to the covering and slag removal position. Platform 5-1 carries covering machine 6 to the covering position to unload the ladle cover and then drives away. Platform 5-2 carries slag removal machine 7 to the slag removal position to clean the slag and then drives away. Platform 5-1 carries covering machine 6 back to the covering position to cover the ladle and then drives out.

[0037] Example 5

[0038] Reference Figure 5 It is used in a single furnace. The platform 5-1 is arranged on a track perpendicular to the tapping line 2, and the platform 5-2 is arranged on a track 9 coaxial with the tapping line 2.

[0039] In the case of molten steel being tapped from metallurgical furnace 1, the molten steel smelted in metallurgical furnace 1 is tapped into ladle 4 located in ladle car 3. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 into the ladle covering and slag cleaning position and remains stationary. Platform 5-1 carries covering machine 6 to cover the ladle and then drives away. Platform 5-2 carries slag cleaning machine 7 into the slag cleaning position to clean the slag and then drives away. Then platform 5-1 carries covering machine 6 into the covering and slag cleaning position to cover ladle 3 and then drives away. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 and drives away. For the case of external molten steel, the external molten steel is carried by ladle car 3 to the slag removal and covering position. Platform 5-1 carries the covering machine 6 into the slag removal and covering position to unload the ladle cover and then leaves. Platform 5-2 carries the slag removal machine 7 into the slag removal position to remove slag and then leaves. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 into metallurgical furnace 1. After smelting, it returns to the ladle covering and covering position. Platform 5-1 then carries the covering machine 6 back to the slag removal and covering position to cover the ladle. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 out again. Alternatively, after smelting, the slag removal machine 7 returns to the ladle covering position. Platform 5-2 carries the slag removal machine 7 to remove slag from the ladle and then leaves. Ladle car 3 carries ladle 4 out again.

[0040] The oblique arrangement of platform 5 or platforms 5-1 and 5-2 relative to the steel output line 2 is also within the scope of the claims of this invention, and specific application examples will not be given further.

Claims

1. A method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal, wherein a ladle car (3) is arranged on the tapping line (2) of a metallurgical furnace (1), and a ladle (4) is placed on the ladle car (3). The technical feature is that a covering machine (6) and a slag removal machine (7) are arranged on a fixed or movable platform (5) arranged on the axis of the tapping line (2) or in the direction of intersection; or the covering machine (6) and the slag removal machine (7) are arranged on separate platforms, that is, the covering machine (6) is fixedly installed on the platform (5-1), and the slag removal machine (7) is fixedly installed on the platform (5-2).

2. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the covering machine (6) and the slag removal machine (7) are arranged on a platform (5) at different heights, with the part below the covering machine (6) being higher and the part below the slag removal machine (7) being lower.

3. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the covering machine (6) and the slag removal machine (7) are arranged on separate platforms, and the platforms (5-1) and (5-2) can be fixed or movable.

4. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the ladle covering machine (6) and the slag removal machine (7) are arranged one after the other on a common fixed platform (5), and the platform (5) is fixedly installed on the axis of the steel outlet line (2); The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace (1) is poured into the ladle (4) located in the ladle car (3). The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle cleaning position, where the slag cleaning machine (7) cleans the molten steel in the ladle (4). Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the cover position to cover the ladle (4), and then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) away. Alternatively, molten steel from outside is carried by a ladle car (3) to the ladle (4) to the cover position to remove the ladle cover, enter the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting, then enter the slag removal position to remove slag, then return to the cover position to add the cover, and then drive out.

5. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the covering machine (6) and the slag removal machine (7) are arranged on the same platform, and the platform (5) can be moved left and right and arranged on a track perpendicular to the steel outlet line (2); After tapping, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the ladle cover and slag removal position and remains stationary. The moving platform (5) moves to the slag removal machine (7) and aligns with the ladle (4) to remove slag. Then the moving platform (5) moves to the cover machine (6) and aligns with the ladle (4) to cover it. Then the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) drives away. For the ladle (4) with the molten steel already covered, the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle covering and slag cleaning position and keeps it stationary. The moving platform (5) carries the covering machine (6) and aligns it with the ladle (4) to unload the cover. The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. After smelting, the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the slag cleaning and covering position, where the slag cleaning machine (7) cleans the slag. Then the platform (5) moves to the covering machine (6) and aligns it with the covering and slag cleaning position to cover the ladle. The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the next process. Alternatively, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the ladle capping and slag removal position and remains stationary. The mobile platform (5) carrying the capping machine (6) is aligned with the ladle (4) to remove the cap. The mobile platform (5) moves to the slag removal machine (7) and aligns with the slag removal position. The slag is removed by the slag removal machine (7). After that, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. After smelting is completed, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the capping and slag removal position to cap it. Then, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the next process.

6. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the covering machine (6) is fixed on the platform (5-1), the slag removal machine (7) is arranged on the platform (5-2), and the platforms (5-1) and (5-2) are respectively movably arranged on the track perpendicular to the steel tapping line (2); The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace (1) is poured into the ladle (4) located in the ladle car (3). The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle covering and slag cleaning position of the metallurgical furnace (1) and remains stationary. The platform (5-2) carries the slag cleaning machine (7) and aligns it with the covering and slag cleaning position to clean the molten steel in the ladle (4). After slag cleaning, the platform (5-2) carries the slag cleaning machine (7) away. The platform (5-1) carries the covering machine (6) into the covering and slag cleaning position to cover the ladle (4). Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) away. Molten steel is transported by a ladle car (3) carrying a ladle (4) to the slag removal and covering station. A platform (5-1) carrying a covering machine (6) enters the working position, removes the ladle cover, and then leaves. A platform (5-2) carrying a slag remover (7) moves to the slag removal and covering station. The slag remover (7) cleans the molten steel in the ladle (4). Afterwards, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. After smelting, the ladle car (3) carrying the ladle (4) enters the slag removal and covering station and remains stationary. The platform (5-1)... -2) The slag remover (7) is moved to the slag removal position for cleaning. The platform (5-2) carries the slag remover (7) away. The platform (5-1) carries the cover-up machine (6) into the slag removal position for covering and leaving. Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) away. Or, after smelting, the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the slag removal position and stays still without cleaning. The platform (5-1) carries the cover-up machine (6) to cover directly. Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) away.

7. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the ladle covering machine (6) is fixedly installed on the platform (5-1), the platform (5-1) is arranged on a movable track perpendicular to the steel outlet line (2), and a platform (5-2) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the steel outlet line (2) relative to (5-1), and the slag removal machine (7) is fixedly installed on it; The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace (1) is poured into the ladle (4) located in the ladle car (3). The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle cover cleaning position and remains stationary. The slag cleaning machine (7) on the fixed platform (5-2) rotates to the slag cleaning position to clean the molten steel and then returns to the standby position. Then the platform (5-1) carries the cover machine (6) into the cover position to cover the ladle. The ladle car (3) then carries the ladle (4) away. Alternatively, molten steel can be transported from a ladle car (3) to the slag removal station with a ladle (4). The platform (5-1) can then transport the ladle removal machine (6) to the slag removal station to remove the ladle. The ladle car (3) can then transport the ladle (4) to the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. Alternatively, molten steel can be slag removed before entering the metallurgical furnace (1) and then transported to the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. After smelting, the ladle car (3) can transport the ladle (4) back to the slag removal station and remain stationary. The slag removal machine (7) on the fixed platform (5-2) can rotate to the slag removal station to remove slag from the molten steel and then rotate back to the standby position. The platform (5-1) can then transport the ladle removal machine (6) to the slag removal station to remove the ladle and then leave. After that, the ladle car (3) can transport the ladle (4) away.

8. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the platform (5-1) of the covering machine (6) and the platform (5-2) of the slag removal machine (7) are both movable and installed on a coaxial track perpendicular to the axis of the tapping line (2), wherein the platform (5-2) travels along the track perpendicular to the tapping line (2) to serve two adjacent metallurgical furnaces (1-1) and (1-2); The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace (1-1) is poured into the ladle (4) located in the ladle car (3). The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle covering and slag cleaning position of the metallurgical furnace (1-1) and remains stationary. The platform (5-2) carries the slag cleaning machine (7) to the covering and slag cleaning position. The slag cleaning machine (7) rotates and enters the working position to clean the molten steel in the ladle (4). The platform (5-2) carries the slag cleaning machine (7) away. The platform (5-1) carries the covering machine (6) into the covering and slag cleaning position to cover the ladle (4). Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) away. The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace (1-2) is poured into the ladle (4) located in the ladle car (3). The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle cover and slag removal position and remains stationary. The platform (5-2) carries the slag removal machine (7) to the cover and slag removal position of the metallurgical furnace (1-2) to remove slag. After that, the platform (5-2) carries the slag removal machine (7) away. The platform (5-1) carries the cover machine (6) into the cover and slag removal position to cover the ladle (4). Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) away.

9. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the platform (5-1) is arranged in a walkable manner on a track intersecting with the steel discharge line (2), and the platform (5-2) is arranged in a walkable manner on a track coaxial with the steel discharge line (2). The molten steel smelted in the metallurgical furnace (1) is poured into the ladle (4) located in the ladle car (3). The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the ladle capping position and remains stationary. The platform (5-1) carries the capping machine (6) to cap the ladle and then drives away. The platform (5-2) carries the slag cleaning machine (7) to the slag cleaning position to clean the slag and then drives away. The platform (5-1) carries the capping machine (6) to cap the ladle and then drives away. Then the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) and drives away again. Molten steel is transported by a ladle car (3) carrying a ladle (4) into the slag removal and cleaning position and remains stationary. The platform (5-1) carries a slag removal machine (6) into the slag removal and cleaning position to remove the ladle cover and then leaves. The platform (5-2) carries a slag removal machine (7) into the cleaning position to remove the slag and then leaves. The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) into the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. After smelting, the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) back to the slag removal and cleaning position to remove the slag. The platform (5-1) then carries the slag removal machine (6) back to the slag removal position to remove the cover. Finally, the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) out. Alternatively, the ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) and removes the cover without removing the slag, then directly enters the metallurgical furnace (1) for smelting. Alternatively, after smelting, the slag is not removed, and the platform (5-1) carries the slag removal machine (6) to the slag removal position to remove the cover directly. The ladle car (3) carries the ladle (4) out.

10. The method and apparatus for integrating ladle covering and slag removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the mobile platform (5), (5-1) or (5-2) is a mobile vehicle that travels on a fixed track on the ground; the slag removal machine is a slag remover or a slag scraper.

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