Cylinder roller center hole processing device and processing method

Abstract

The application discloses a cylindrical roller center hole processing device and processing method, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The device comprises a base, a workpiece clamping unit, two processing machine heads, two positioning plates and an adjusting mechanism. The workpiece clamping unit comprises a rotating disc, at least two U-shaped openings are circumferentially arranged on the rotating disc, and a pressing block is arranged on both sides of the opening end of the U-shaped opening, and a three-point clamping structure is formed with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening. The adjusting mechanism has a working state and a position locking state, and in the working state, the two positioning plates are driven to clamp the first cylindrical roller from both ends to center it, and in the position locking state, the positions of the two positioning plates are locked to limit the axial reference position of the subsequent roller. The application does not need to perform contact measurement on each roller, significantly improves production efficiency, and ensures the consistency and symmetry of the center hole processing depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a machining device and method for machining the center hole of a cylindrical roller. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical rollers are an important component of rolling bearings, and the machining accuracy of the center holes on both end faces directly affects the positioning accuracy of subsequent grinding processes and the final quality of the roller. The traditional method is to position the cylindrical roller using its outer cylindrical surface and machine the center holes on both end faces separately on a lathe or drilling machine. This method requires two clamping and two positioning operations, and the cumulative error from these two positioning operations makes it difficult to guarantee the coaxiality of the center holes at both ends, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, existing technologies have developed devices and methods for simultaneously drilling center holes on both ends of a cylindrical roller. For example, Chinese Patent CN107378039B discloses a method for drilling center holes on both ends of a cylindrical roller using a depth control device. Specifically, it discloses a depth control device comprising a base, a workpiece clamping device, a left drilling power device, a right drilling power device, a left lateral drive device, a right lateral drive device, a left measuring device, and a right measuring device. Both the left and right measuring devices include linear guide sleeves, return springs, measuring rods, contact rods, and probes. The working process is as follows: the two drilling power devices advance rapidly; when the contact rods contact the two ends of the cylindrical roller, the contact force is transmitted to the probes through the measuring rods. The probes transmit the contact signal to the controller, which then issues a command to control the two drilling power devices to begin their working process. While this solution achieves simultaneous drilling on both ends, it still has the following shortcomings:

[0004] Firstly, this method requires using a probe to contact the end face of each workpiece before processing to obtain the end face position coordinates, and then controlling the starting point of the machining head's feed based on the measurement results. This measurement step significantly increases the processing time per piece, hindering further improvements in production efficiency.

[0005] Secondly, contact measuring elements such as contact rods and probes experience wear during long-term use. Wear leads to a gradual decrease in measurement accuracy, resulting in error accumulation and ultimately affecting the consistency of the machining depth of the center hole.

[0006] Third, the measuring device of this scheme has a complex structure, including multiple components such as measuring rod, rod clamp, contact rod, measuring head, measuring head seat, and return spring, which increases the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A cylindrical roller center hole machining apparatus, comprising:

[0009] Base;

[0010] A workpiece clamping unit is installed at the front center of the base. The workpiece clamping unit includes a mounting support, a rotating disk, and a drive motor. The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting support. The drive motor drives the rotating disk to rotate around its own rotation center axis. The rotating disk has at least two U-shaped openings evenly distributed along its circumference. When the rotating disk stops rotating, one of the U-shaped openings is located at the rear processing station, and the other one is located at the front loading / unloading station. A clamping block is provided on each side of the opening end of the U-shaped opening. The two clamping blocks are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center face of the U-shaped opening. The two clamping blocks cooperate with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening to form a three-point clamping structure for the cylindrical roller.

[0011] Two machining heads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workpiece clamping unit to perform center hole machining on both end faces of the cylindrical roller;

[0012] Two positioning plates are respectively movably installed on the front side of the base and symmetrically located on both sides of the axial direction of the rotating disk;

[0013] The adjustment mechanism has a working state and a position locking state. In the working state, the adjustment mechanism drives the two positioning plates to move synchronously towards each other to clamp the first cylindrical roller placed in the U-shaped opening at the loading and unloading station from both ends, so that the axial center plane of the first cylindrical roller coincides with the axial center plane of the rotating disk, thereby determining the locking position in the position locking state. In the position locking state, the position of the two positioning plates relative to the base is locked to limit the axial reference position after the subsequent cylindrical roller is installed in the U-shaped opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening is a plane or an arc-shaped surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the arc-shaped surface is an arc-shaped surface that bulges outward along the radial direction of the rotating disk in the middle.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotating disk is also provided with the same number of drive structures as the U-shaped openings, each drive structure being used to drive the two clamping blocks on both sides of the opening end of the same U-shaped opening to move synchronously; the drive structure includes:

[0017] Two symmetrically arranged swing arms, the middle part of each swing arm is hinged to the rotating disk by a fixed pin, and the first end of each swing arm constitutes the clamping block;

[0018] A drive source, located on the rotating disk and between the second ends of the two swing arms, is used to push the swing arms to swing around the fixed pin so that the first ends of the two swing arms synchronously close and clamp the cylindrical roller.

[0019] Furthermore, the drive source is a double-headed telescopic cylinder, and the two telescopic heads of the drive source are rotatably connected to the second end of the swing arm through a movable pin, and the second end of the swing arm is provided with an elongated hole that slides with the movable pin.

[0020] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism is a bidirectional lead screw module, and the two positioning plates are respectively installed on two nut seats with opposite directions of rotation of the bidirectional lead screw module;

[0021] Each of the positioning plates is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is used to detect the clamping pressure value of the two positioning plates acting on the two end faces of the cylindrical roller.

[0022] Both the adjustment mechanism and the pressure sensor are connected to a control system. The control system is configured to: during the synchronous movement of the two positioning plates towards each other, when the clamping pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches a preset threshold, the control system controls the adjustment mechanism to drive the two positioning plates to retreat slightly in the opposite direction by a preset amount, and then switches the adjustment mechanism to the position locking state.

[0023] Furthermore, each of the U-shaped openings has two spaced air outlets on its two inner sidewalls, and the two air outlets face the closed end of the U-shaped opening and the pressing block on the other inner sidewall opposite to the U-shaped opening, respectively; the rotating disk has an airflow channel inside, and the center of the rotating disk's shaft is connected to an external compressed air source through a rotary joint, and the airflow channel is connected to the rotary joint and the air outlets.

[0024] Furthermore, the rotating disk includes a first disk body and a second disk body coaxially connected. The splicing surfaces of the first disk body and the second disk body are both provided with channels. After the first disk body and the second disk body are spliced ​​together, the channels on their splicing surfaces are combined to form the airflow channel.

[0025] Furthermore, a baffle is installed on each side of the base, and the baffle extends toward the processing head on the corresponding side to isolate the processing station on the rear side from the loading and unloading station on the front side.

[0026] This invention also provides a method for machining the center hole of a cylindrical roller, which uses the above-mentioned cylindrical roller center hole machining device to sequentially machine the center holes on both end faces of multiple cylindrical rollers in the same batch, including the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Centering and locking the position of the first roller and positioning plate: Place the first cylindrical roller in the U-shaped opening at the loading and unloading station, and drive the two positioning plates to move synchronously towards each other until the two positioning plates are tightly fitted with the two end faces of the first cylindrical roller, so that the axial center plane of the first cylindrical roller coincides with the axial center plane of the rotating disk. Then switch the adjustment mechanism to the position locking state to lock the position of the two positioning plates relative to the base.

[0028] Step 2: Obtain end face position information: Obtain the position information of the two positioning plates when they are in the position locked state. The positions of the two positioning plates correspond to the two end face positions of the first cylindrical roller.

[0029] Step 3, indexing: drive the rotating disk to rotate, switching the U-shaped opening holding the cylindrical roller from the loading / unloading station to the processing station;

[0030] Step 4: Rapid advance to safety clearance: Based on the two end face position information obtained in Step 2, the two processing heads synchronously advance to the position where the front end face of their respective spindles is at a preset safety clearance value from the corresponding end face of the cylindrical roller;

[0031] Step 5, Synchronous drilling: The two machining heads synchronously advance to the preset drilling depth at the same feed speed, and simultaneously perform center hole drilling on both ends of the cylindrical roller;

[0032] Step Six: Rapid Retraction: The two processing heads synchronously retract to their initial positions;

[0033] Step 7, Subsequent Cylindrical Roller Loading and Cyclic Processing: Keeping the adjusting mechanism in the locked position, place each subsequent cylindrical roller in the same batch into the U-shaped opening at the loading / unloading station. The axial position of each subsequent cylindrical roller is defined by the two positioning plates in the locked state. Drive the two clamping blocks to cooperate with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening to clamp the subsequent cylindrical roller. Then repeat steps 3 to 6 until all cylindrical rollers in the same batch are processed.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. This invention, through an adjustment mechanism with both working and position-locking states, locks the positions of the two positioning plates after the first cylindrical roller is aligned. This locked position becomes the axial reference position for the entire batch of cylindrical rollers. Subsequent cylindrical rollers in the same batch are directly inserted into the axial reference position defined by the two positioning plates, eliminating the need for repeated alignment and end-face position measurements for each roller. Compared to existing technologies that require contact measurement of each workpiece using a probe or stylus, this invention eliminates the auxiliary time for piece-by-piece measurement, significantly shortening the single-piece processing cycle, making it particularly suitable for mass production scenarios.

[0036] 2. This invention eliminates the need for contact-type measuring elements such as contact rods and probes. Instead, it directly acquires the position information of the two end faces of the first cylindrical roller through two positioning plates and locks the positions of the two positioning plates. The machining head then determines the rapid traverse endpoint based on this end face position information. Compared with existing technologies that rely on easily worn components such as measuring rods, contact rods, and probes for measurement, this invention fundamentally eliminates the problems of accuracy degradation and error accumulation caused by wear of measuring elements, maintaining stable machining accuracy even after long-term use.

[0037] 3. This invention forms a three-point clamping structure between the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening and the two clamping blocks, which can achieve stable circumferential positioning and clamping of the cylindrical roller. Compared with the single-sided clamping or elastic clamping method in the prior art, the three-point clamping can effectively resist the cutting force during the drilling process, prevent the roller from moving slightly, and ensure the machining accuracy of the center hole.

[0038] 4. This invention combines a U-shaped opening with a rotating disk. The open structure of the U-shaped opening facilitates the rapid insertion and removal of rollers. Combined with the station switching of the rotating disk, it enables parallel operation of loading / unloading and drilling. Two U-shaped openings alternately located at the loading / unloading station and the processing station, or four U-shaped openings rotate through each station, further improving equipment utilization and production efficiency.

[0039] 5. This invention features air outlets on the inner wall of each U-shaped opening. An external compressed air source is connected via an airflow channel and rotary joint inside the rotating disc, enabling air cleaning of the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening and the clamping block during each processing cycle. This design effectively solves the problem of iron filings accumulating on the positioning surface during processing, causing changes in the positioning reference and ensuring the positioning accuracy of each roller after installation. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the workpiece clamping unit, positioning plate and adjustment mechanism in this invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping unit in this invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first disc body in this invention.

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Workpiece clamping unit; 21. Mounting support; 22. Rotary disc; 221. Air outlet; 222. Airflow channel; 223. First disc body; 224. Second disc body; 23. Drive motor; 24. U-shaped opening; 25. Clamping block; 26. Swing arm; 261. Long slot; 27. Fixed pin; 28. Drive source; 29. ​​Movable pin; 3. Machining head; 4. Positioning plate; 5. Adjustment mechanism; 51. Mounting bracket; 52. Two-way lead screw; 53. Nut seat; 54. Drive equipment; 55. Linear slide rail; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Rotary joint; 8. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be explained in detail through the following embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, where terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," and "right" indicate orientation or positional relationships, in this specification, for ease of description, the side closer to the operator is defined as the "front side," and the side farther from the operator is defined as the "rear side," for the convenience of describing the present invention. Where terms such as "end," "side," "end portion," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate orientation or positional relationships, they only refer to the length and width directions of the corresponding components; that is, "end portion" indicates the beginning and end regions in the length direction of the corresponding component, and "side portion" indicates the beginning and end regions in the width direction of the corresponding component. Where the term "provided with" is used, it should be understood in the art as "provided with" or "assembled with," and does not limit the specific connection method. Where the term "corresponding" is used, it should be understood in the art as being used to describe the relative positional relationship, functional cooperation relationship, or spatial alignment relationship between two components. This description is for the convenience of describing the present invention and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation.

[0047] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1-5 The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0048] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A cylindrical roller center hole machining device includes a base 1, a workpiece clamping unit 2, two machining heads 3, two positioning plates 4, and an adjustment mechanism 5.

[0049] The base 1 is used to support and install other functional units. The top surface of the base 1 is used to install the workpiece clamping unit 2 and the two machining heads 3.

[0050] The workpiece clamping unit 2 is installed at the center of the front side of the base 1. The workpiece clamping unit 2 includes a mounting support 21, a rotating disk 22, and a drive motor 23. The mounting support 21 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base 1. The rotating disk 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting support 21 and can rotate around its own rotational axis. The drive motor 23 is mounted on the mounting support 21, and its output shaft is connected to the rotating disk 22 for driving the rotating disk 22 to rotate around its own rotational axis. The drive motor 23 is preferably a servo motor to achieve precise indexing and positioning of the rotating disk 22.

[0051] The rotating disk 22 has a disc-shaped structure with at least two U-shaped openings 24 evenly distributed along its circumference. Each U-shaped opening 24 is a recessed groove extending inward from the outer circumference of the rotating disk 22, with its opening end penetrating the outer circumference of the rotating disk 22. The U-shaped openings 24 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating disk 22. When the rotating disk 22 stops rotating, one of the U-shaped openings 24 is located at the rear processing station, and the other is located at the front loading / unloading station. The processing station corresponds to the positions of the two processing heads 3; the processing station is located at the rear of the rotating disk 22, and the loading / unloading station is located at the front of the base 1, facilitating loading / unloading operations for the operator. In this embodiment, two U-shaped openings 24 are provided. The two U-shaped openings 24 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating disk 22, with an included angle of 180° between them. The drive motor 23 drives the rotating disk 22 to reciprocate between the 0° and 180° positions, causing the two U-shaped openings 24 to alternately occupy the processing station and the loading / unloading station. Specifically, when the rotating disk 22 is at the 0° position, the first U-shaped opening 24 is located at the rear processing station, and the second U-shaped opening 24 is located at the front loading / unloading station. When the drive motor 23 drives the rotating disk 22 to rotate 180° to the 180° position, the second U-shaped opening 24 rotates to the rear processing station, and the first U-shaped opening 24 rotates to the front loading / unloading station. This reciprocating motion achieves alternating processing.

[0052] The U-shaped opening 24 has a roughly U-shaped cross-section along the axial direction of the rotating disk 22, and has one closed end and two open end sidewalls. The inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 is used to abut against a portion of the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical roller, serving as a positioning reference surface when clamping the cylindrical roller. A clamping block 25 is provided on each side of the open end of the U-shaped opening 24, and the two clamping blocks 25 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center face of the U-shaped opening 24. The two clamping blocks 25 cooperate with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 to form a three-point clamping structure for the cylindrical roller. Specifically, when the cylindrical roller is placed into the U-shaped opening 24, the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical roller simultaneously contacts the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 and the two clamping blocks 25, forming a three-point positioning in the circumferential direction, thereby reliably clamping the cylindrical roller within the U-shaped opening 24.

[0053] The rotating disk 22 is also provided with at least two drive structures, each of which is used to drive the two clamping blocks 25 on both sides of the opening end of the same U-shaped opening 24 to move synchronously. Since the rotating disk 22 has multiple U-shaped openings 24, the number of drive structures is the same as the number of U-shaped openings 24 and corresponds one-to-one.

[0054] The drive structure includes two symmetrically arranged swing arms 26 and a drive source 28. The two swing arms 26 correspond to the two sidewalls of the opening end of the U-shaped opening 24, respectively. The middle portion of each swing arm 26 is hinged to the rotating disk 22 via a fixed pin 27, which is fixedly mounted on the rotating disk 22. The swing arm 26 can swing around the fixed pin 27. The first end of the swing arm 26 forms a clamping block 25, i.e., the first end of the swing arm 26 faces the interior of the U-shaped opening 24 and is used to contact the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical roller. The second end of the swing arm 26 faces the interior of the rotating disk 22.

[0055] The drive source 28 is mounted on the rotating disk 22 and located between the second ends of the two swing arms 26. The drive source 28 is used to push the second ends of the two swing arms 26 away from each other, so that the two swing arms 26 swing around their respective fixed pins 27, causing the first ends of the two swing arms 26 to synchronously close and clamp the cylindrical roller. Specifically, when the drive source 28 pushes the second ends of the two swing arms 26 to open outward, the first ends of the two swing arms 26 synchronously close inward, pressing the cylindrical roller.

[0056] The drive source 28 is preferably a double-headed electric cylinder. Both telescopic heads of the drive source 28 are rotatably connected to the second end of the swing arm 26 via movable pins 29, and the second end of the swing arm 26 is provided with an elongated hole 261 that slides within the movable pins 29. The elongated hole 261 extends along the length of the swing arm 26. When the telescopic head of the drive source 28 extends or retracts, the movable pins 29 slide within the elongated hole 261, causing the swing arm 26 to swing around the fixed pin 27.

[0057] Two machining heads 3 are mounted on the top surface of the base 1 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workpiece clamping unit 2 along its axial direction. The machining head 3 is a machine tool spindle unit used in the prior art for center hole drilling, comprising a spindle box, a drive spindle, and drill bits. The drill bits of the two machining heads 3 are arranged opposite each other to simultaneously perform center hole machining on both ends of the cylindrical rollers located within the U-shaped opening 24 at the machining station. The two machining heads 3 can be configured to operate synchronously, i.e., simultaneously feed, simultaneously drill, and simultaneously retract, to improve machining efficiency and ensure the coaxiality of the center holes at both ends. Specifically, the central axes of the drill bits of the two machining heads 3 are located on the same straight line, which passes through the central axis of the cylindrical rollers within the U-shaped opening 24 at the machining station.

[0058] Two positioning plates 4 are movably mounted on the front side of the base 1 and are symmetrically located on both sides of the rotating disk 22 along its axial direction. The positioning plates 4 are plate-shaped components, and their side facing the rotating disk 22 has a positioning plane for contacting the end face of the cylindrical roller. The positioning planes of the two positioning plates 4 are parallel to each other and both are perpendicular to the axial rotation center axis of the rotating disk 22.

[0059] The adjustment mechanism 5 is installed on the front side of the base 1 and is used to drive the two positioning plates 4 to move synchronously towards each other or backwards. The adjustment mechanism 5 has a working state and a position locked state.

[0060] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 5 is a bidirectional lead screw module. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The adjusting mechanism 5 includes a mounting frame 51, a bidirectional lead screw 52, ​​two nut seats 53, a drive device 54, and a linear guide rail 55. The mounting frame 51 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the base 1 and extends axially along the rotating disk 22. The bidirectional lead screw 52 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 51 and has two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation. The two nut seats 53 are threadedly connected to the two threaded sections of the bidirectional lead screw 52, ​​and two positioning plates 4 are fixedly mounted on the two nut seats 53. The linear guide rail 55 is mounted on the mounting frame 51 and guides the movement of the two nut seats 53, ensuring that the two positioning plates 4 move in a straight line. The drive device 54 is connected to the bidirectional lead screw 52 and drives the bidirectional lead screw 52 to rotate. The drive device 54 is preferably a combination of a servo motor and a worm gear reducer, utilizing the self-locking function of the worm gear reducer to achieve a position locking state. When the bidirectional lead screw 52 rotates, the two nut seats 53 move synchronously towards each other or away from each other, thereby driving the two positioning plates 4 to move synchronously towards each other or away from each other.

[0061] In operation, the drive device 54 drives the bidirectional lead screw 52 to rotate, causing the two nut seats 53 to move the two positioning plates 4 synchronously towards each other, clamping the first cylindrical roller placed in the U-shaped opening 24 at the loading and unloading station from both ends. When both positioning plates 4 are in contact with the two end faces of the first cylindrical roller, the axial center plane of the first cylindrical roller coincides with the axial center plane of the rotating disk 22. At this time, the locking position in the position-locked state can be determined based on the position of the two positioning plates 4. The drive device 54 stops driving and locks the position of the bidirectional lead screw 52, ​​locking the position of the two positioning plates 4 relative to the base 1. This locked position is the axial reference position after subsequent cylindrical rollers of the same batch are installed into the U-shaped opening 24. Subsequent cylindrical rollers of the same batch are directly installed into the U-shaped opening 24, and their axial position is defined by the two positioning plates 4 in the locked state, eliminating the need to repeat the centering operation for each cylindrical roller.

[0062] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0063] After the first cylindrical roller is placed in the U-shaped opening 24 of the loading / unloading station, the adjusting mechanism 5 drives the two positioning plates 4 to move synchronously towards each other until the two positioning plates 4 are respectively in contact with the two end faces of the first cylindrical roller. Then, the adjusting mechanism 5 switches to the position locking state. The position information of the two positioning plates 4 when they are in the position locking state is obtained as the position reference of the two end faces of the batch of cylindrical rollers.

[0064] The drive disc 22 rotates, switching the U-shaped opening 24 holding the first cylindrical roller from the loading / unloading station to the machining station. The two machining heads 3 synchronously advance rapidly to a position where the front face of their respective spindles is at a preset safety clearance value from the corresponding end face of the first cylindrical roller. Then, they synchronously advance to a preset drilling depth, simultaneously drilling the center holes on both ends of the first cylindrical roller. After drilling is complete, the two machining heads 3 synchronously retract rapidly to their initial positions.

[0065] After the first cylindrical roller is machined, the rotating disk 22 rotates in the opposite direction, switching the U-shaped opening 24 from the machining station back to the loading / unloading station. The clamping block 25 is released, and the first machined cylindrical roller is removed. Then, subsequent cylindrical rollers from the same batch are loaded. Since the adjusting mechanism 5 is in the position locked state, the positions of the two positioning plates 4 remain unchanged. After the subsequent cylindrical rollers are loaded into the U-shaped opening 24, their axial position is limited by the two positioning plates 4, and there is no need to re-align them. After the clamping block 25 clamps the subsequent cylindrical rollers, the rotating disk 22 rotates back to the machining station, and the two machining heads 3 repeat the above drilling action. This cycle is repeated to complete the machining of all cylindrical rollers in the same batch.

[0066] Example 2: A cylindrical roller center hole processing device. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the number of U-shaped openings 24 and the rotation mode of the rotating disk 22 are different.

[0067] In this embodiment, four U-shaped openings 24 are provided. The four U-shaped openings 24 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating disk 22, and the included angle between two adjacent U-shaped openings 24 is 90°. The drive motor 23 drives the rotating disk 22 to rotate 90° each time, so that the four U-shaped openings 24 are sequentially located at the processing station, the loading / unloading station, the loading / unloading station, and the processing station.

[0068] Specifically, when the rotating disk 22 stops, the four U-shaped openings 24 are respectively located at the rear processing station, the upper (or lower) loading / unloading station, the front loading / unloading station, and the lower (or upper) processing station. After each 90° rotation, each U-shaped opening 24 sequentially enters the next station, realizing continuous cyclic processing.

[0069] The other structures and working methods of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Example 3, please refer to Figure 3 A cylindrical roller center hole machining device is disclosed. Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, each positioning plate 4 is equipped with a pressure sensor 6. In the working state, the adjusting structure 5 clamps the end face of the cylindrical roller through the pressure sensor 6, detecting the clamping pressure value exerted by the two positioning plates 4 on the two end faces of the cylindrical roller. Both the adjusting mechanism 5 and the pressure sensor 6 are connected to a control system.

[0071] The control system is configured such that when the clamping pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 6 reaches a preset threshold during the synchronous movement of the two positioning plates 4 towards each other, the control system controls the adjustment mechanism 5 to drive the two positioning plates 4 to retreat slightly in the opposite direction by a preset amount, and then switches the adjustment mechanism 5 to the position locking state.

[0072] The preset threshold of the pressure sensor 6 can be set to 5N~10N, and the allowance can be set to 0.01mm~0.02mm, which facilitates loading and unloading without affecting the axial reference position (i.e., meeting the tolerance range). By setting the pressure sensor 6, the excessive clamping of the cylindrical roller end face by the two positioning plates 4 can be effectively avoided, preventing indentations on the cylindrical roller end face.

[0073] The drive device 54 in the adjustment mechanism 5 uses a servo motor and a worm gear reducer. The servo motor is connected to the control system, which controls the start, stop, and forward / reverse rotation of the servo motor based on the signal fed back from the pressure sensor 6. The specific working process is as follows: After the first cylindrical roller is placed in the U-shaped opening 24 of the loading / unloading station, the control system controls the servo motor to drive the bidirectional lead screw 52 to rotate, and the two positioning plates 4 move synchronously towards each other. When the clamping pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 6 reaches a preset threshold (e.g., 8N), the control system controls the servo motor to stop driving and controls the servo motor to rotate in the opposite direction by a preset angle, so that the two positioning plates 4 retract slightly in the opposite direction by a preset amount (e.g., 0.01mm). Then, the control system controls the servo motor to maintain the current state and switches the adjustment mechanism 5 to the position locked state.

[0074] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0075] Example 4, please refer to Figure 3 and 4 A cylindrical roller center hole machining device is disclosed in this embodiment. Based on any of the above embodiments, each U-shaped opening 24 has two spaced air outlets 221 on its two inner sidewalls. The two air outlets 221 face the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 and the clamping block 25 on the opposite inner sidewall, respectively. Specifically, of the two air outlets 221 on the same inner sidewall, one air outlet faces the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 to blow away residual debris at the inner end face of the closed end; the other air outlet faces the clamping block 25 on the opposite inner sidewall to blow away residual debris at the clamping block 25. By configuring the air outlets, the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 and the clamping surface of the clamping block 25 can be cleaned in each machining cycle, effectively avoiding cylindrical roller positioning deviations caused by residual debris.

[0076] An airflow channel 222 is provided inside the rotating disk 22. An external compressed air source is connected to the center of the rotating shaft of the rotating disk 22 via a rotary joint 7. The rotary joint 7 is mounted on the mounting bracket 21, with one end connected to the external compressed air source and the other end rotatably and sealingly connected to the center of the rotating shaft of the rotating disk 22. The airflow channel 222 communicates with the rotary joint 7 and the air outlet 221. Compressed gas supplied by the external compressed air source passes sequentially through the rotary joint 7 and the airflow channel 222 before being blown out from the air outlet 221.

[0077] Please see Figure 3In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the rotating disk 22 includes a first disk body 223 and a second disk body 224 coaxially connected. Both the first disk body 223 and the second disk body 224 are disc-shaped and are joined axially to form a complete rotating disk 22. The joint surfaces of the first disk body 223 and the second disk body 224 are provided with channels. After the first disk body 223 and the second disk body 224 are joined, the channels on their joint surfaces combine to form an airflow channel 222. By setting the rotating disk 22 as a split structure and creating channels on the joint surfaces to form the airflow channel 222, the processing difficulty of the airflow channel 222 can be significantly reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be lowered. The first disk body 223 and the second disk body 224 can be fixedly connected by bolts.

[0078] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0079] Example 5, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cylindrical roller center hole machining device is disclosed in this embodiment. Based on any of the above embodiments, a baffle 8 is installed on each side of the base 1, extending towards the corresponding machining head 3. The baffle 8 isolates the rear machining station from the front loading / unloading station, preventing cutting fluid and metal chips generated during machining from splashing onto the front loading / unloading station and protecting the operator's safety. The baffle 8 is preferably made of a transparent material to allow the operator to observe the machining process.

[0080] Depending on the requirements, the two baffles 8 can be a single integrated structure.

[0081] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0082] Example 6: A method for machining the center hole of a cylindrical roller, wherein the cylindrical roller center hole machining device described in any one of Examples 1 to 6 is used to sequentially machine the center holes on both end faces of multiple cylindrical rollers in the same batch.

[0083] The method includes the following steps:

[0084] Step 1: Centering and locking the first roller and positioning plate: Place the first cylindrical roller inside the U-shaped opening 24 at the loading / unloading station. Drive the two positioning plates 4 to move synchronously towards each other until the two positioning plates 4 are tightly fitted with the two end faces of the first cylindrical roller, so that the axial center plane of the first cylindrical roller coincides with the axial center plane of the rotating disk 22. Then, switch the adjusting mechanism 5 to the position locking state to lock the position of the two positioning plates 4 relative to the base 1. In other embodiments, before switching the adjusting mechanism 5 to the position locking state, the control system controls the adjusting mechanism 5 to drive the two positioning plates 4 to slightly retract in the opposite direction by a preset amount (e.g., 0.01mm to 0.02mm) before switching the adjusting mechanism 5 to the position locking state.

[0085] As needed, the position locking state of the adjusting mechanism 5 can be achieved through the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear reducer in the drive device 54, or through the brake (not shown in the figure) bidirectional lead screw 52 in the adjusting mechanism 5.

[0086] Step 2: Obtain end face position information: Obtain the position information of the two positioning plates 4 when they are in the position locked state. The positions of the two positioning plates 4 correspond to the two end face positions of the first cylindrical roller. This position information can be obtained by reading the rotation angle of the bidirectional lead screw 52 or the encoder pulse count when the drive device 54 is a servo motor.

[0087] Step 3, indexing: drive the rotating disk 22 to rotate, and switch the U-shaped opening 24 holding the cylindrical roller from the loading / unloading station to the processing station.

[0088] Step 4: Rapid advance to safety clearance: Based on the two end face position information obtained in Step 2, the two machining heads 3 synchronously advance to the position where the front end face of their respective spindles is at a preset safety clearance value from the corresponding end face of the cylindrical roller. The safety clearance value is preferably set to 0.5mm to 1mm, but no specific limitation is made here.

[0089] Step 5, Synchronous Drilling: The two machining heads 3 simultaneously feed at the same speed to the preset drilling depth, performing center hole drilling on both ends of the cylindrical roller at the same time. The drilling depth is set according to process requirements and is not specifically limited here.

[0090] Step 6, Rapid Retraction: The two processing heads 3 synchronously retract to their initial positions.

[0091] Step 7, Subsequent Cylindrical Roller Loading and Cyclic Processing: Keep the adjusting mechanism 5 in the locked position. Place each subsequent cylindrical roller in the same batch into the U-shaped opening 24 located at the loading / unloading station. The axial position of each subsequent cylindrical roller is defined by the two locking positioning plates 4. Drive the two clamping blocks 25 to engage with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening 24 to clamp the subsequent cylindrical roller. Then repeat steps 3 to 6 until all cylindrical rollers in the same batch are processed.

[0092] Example 7: A continuous machining method using the above-described cylindrical roller center hole machining device. In this example, two U-shaped openings 24 are provided. The drive motor 23 drives the rotating disk 22 to reciprocate between 0° and 180° positions. Initially, the first U-shaped opening 24 is located at the front loading / unloading station, and the second U-shaped opening 24 is located at the rear machining station.

[0093] The operator places the first cylindrical roller into the first U-shaped opening 24 located at the loading / unloading station. Following steps one and two in Embodiment Six, the centering of the first cylindrical roller and the locking of the positioning plate are completed. Then, the rotating disk 22 rotates 180°, and the first U-shaped opening 24 rotates to the processing station, while the second U-shaped opening 24 rotates to the loading / unloading station. Following steps four to six, the two processing heads 3 drill holes in the first cylindrical roller within the first U-shaped opening 24.

[0094] Simultaneously, the operator places the second cylindrical roller of the same batch into the second U-shaped opening 24 located at the loading / unloading station. Since the adjusting mechanism 5 is in the position-locked state, the positions of the two positioning plates 4 remain unchanged, and the axial position of the second cylindrical roller is automatically limited by the two positioning plates 4. The clamping block 25 clamps the second cylindrical roller.

[0095] After the first cylindrical roller is machined, the rotating disk 22 rotates 180° in the opposite direction, and the second U-shaped opening 24 rotates to the machining station, while the first U-shaped opening 24 rotates to the loading / unloading station. The two machining heads 3 drill holes in the second cylindrical roller. The operator removes the machined first cylindrical roller from the first U-shaped opening 24 and installs the third cylindrical roller.

[0096] This process is repeated to achieve continuous alternating processing.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first cylindrical roller only needs to be aligned once. After the positioning plate is locked, subsequent cylindrical rollers in the same batch can be directly installed without re-alignment, significantly improving processing efficiency. At the same time, since the positions of the two positioning plates 4 are locked, the symmetry consistency of the center holes at both ends of all cylindrical rollers with respect to their axial center plane is basically guaranteed.

[0098] Structures, components, and connection methods not described in detail in this invention are all prior art known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the above embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention.

Claims

1. A device for machining the center hole of a cylindrical roller, characterized in that, include: Base (1); A workpiece clamping unit (2) is installed on the front middle of the base (1). The workpiece clamping unit (2) includes a mounting support (21), a rotating disk (22), and a drive motor (23). The rotating disk (22) is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting support (21). The drive motor (23) is used to drive the rotating disk (22) to rotate around its own rotation center axis. The rotating disk (22) has at least two U-shaped openings (24) evenly distributed along its circumference. When the rotating disk (22) stops rotating... When in operation, one of the U-shaped openings (24) is located at the rear processing station, and one of the U-shaped openings (24) is located at the front loading and unloading station; a clamping block (25) is provided on each side of the opening end of the U-shaped opening (24), and the two clamping blocks (25) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center face of the U-shaped opening (24). The two clamping blocks (25) cooperate with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening (24) to form a three-point clamping cylindrical roller structure; Two machining heads (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workpiece clamping unit (2) for machining the center holes on both ends of the cylindrical roller; Two positioning plates (4) are respectively movably installed on the front side of the base (1) and symmetrically located on both sides of the axial direction of the rotating disk (22); The adjustment mechanism (5) has a working state and a position locking state. In the working state, the adjustment mechanism (5) drives the two positioning plates (4) to move synchronously towards each other to clamp the first cylindrical roller placed in the U-shaped opening (24) at the loading and unloading station from both ends, so that the axial center plane of the first cylindrical roller coincides with the axial center plane of the rotating disk (22) to determine the locking position in the position locking state. In the position locking state, the position of the two positioning plates (4) relative to the base (1) is locked to limit the axial reference position after the subsequent cylindrical roller is installed in the U-shaped opening (24).

2. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening (24) is a plane or an arc-shaped surface.

3. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc-shaped surface is an arc-shaped surface that bulges outward radially from the center along the rotating disk (22).

4. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating disk (22) is also provided with the same number of drive structures as the U-shaped openings (24), each drive structure being used to drive the two clamping blocks (25) on both sides of the opening end of the same U-shaped opening (24) to move synchronously; the drive structure includes: Two symmetrically arranged swing arms (26) are hinged to the rotating disk (22) at the middle part of each swing arm (26) by a fixed pin (27), and the first end of the swing arm (26) constitutes the clamping block (25). A drive source (28) is provided on the rotating disk (22) and located between the second ends of the two swing arms (26) for pushing the swing arms (26) to swing around the fixed pin (27) so that the first ends of the two swing arms (26) synchronously close and clamp the cylindrical roller.

5. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive source (28) is a double-headed telescopic cylinder. The two telescopic heads of the drive source (28) are rotatably connected to the second end of the swing arm (26) through a movable pin (29). The second end of the swing arm (26) is provided with an elongated hole (261) that slides with the movable pin (29).

6. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (5) is a bidirectional lead screw module, and the two positioning plates (4) are respectively installed on the two nut seats with opposite directions of rotation of the bidirectional lead screw module; Each of the positioning plates (4) is provided with a pressure sensor (6), which is used to detect the clamping pressure value of the two positioning plates (4) acting on the two ends of the cylindrical roller. Both the adjustment mechanism (5) and the pressure sensor (6) are connected to a control system. The control system is configured to: when the clamping pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (6) reaches a preset threshold during the synchronous movement of the two positioning plates (4), the control system controls the adjustment mechanism (5) to drive the two positioning plates (4) to move back slightly by a preset amount in the opposite direction, and then switches the adjustment mechanism (5) to the position locking state.

7. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the U-shaped openings (24) has two spaced air outlets (221) on its two inner sidewalls, and the two air outlets (221) face the closed end of the U-shaped opening (24) and the pressing block (25) on the other inner sidewall opposite to the inner sidewall, respectively; the rotating disk (22) has an airflow channel (222) inside, and the center of the rotating shaft of the rotating disk (22) is connected to an external compressed air source through a rotary joint (7), and the airflow channel (222) is connected to the rotary joint (7) and the air outlets (221).

8. The cylindrical roller center hole machining apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating disk (22) includes a first disk body (223) and a second disk body (224) coaxially spliced ​​together. The splicing surfaces of the first disk body (223) and the second disk body (224) are provided with channels. After the first disk body (223) and the second disk body (224) are spliced ​​together, the channels on the splicing surfaces of the two are combined to form the airflow channel (222).

9. The cylindrical roller center hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (8) is installed on each side of the base (1). The baffle (8) extends toward the processing head (3) on the corresponding side to isolate the processing station on the rear side from the loading and unloading station on the front side.

10. A method for machining center holes in cylindrical rollers, comprising machining the center holes on both end faces of multiple cylindrical rollers in the same batch sequentially using the cylindrical roller center hole machining apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Centering the first roller and locking the position of the positioning plate: Place the first cylindrical roller in the U-shaped opening (24) at the loading and unloading station, drive the two positioning plates (4) to move synchronously towards each other until the two positioning plates (4) are tightly attached to the two end faces of the first cylindrical roller, so that the axial center plane of the first cylindrical roller coincides with the axial center plane of the rotating disk (22), and then switch the adjustment mechanism (5) to the position locking state so that the position of the two positioning plates (4) relative to the base (1) is locked; Step 2: Obtain end face position information: Obtain the position information of the two positioning plates (4) when they are in the position locked state. The positions of the two positioning plates (4) correspond to the two end face positions of the first cylindrical roller. Step 3, indexing: drive the rotating disk (22) to rotate, and switch the U-shaped opening (24) holding the cylindrical roller from the loading and unloading station to the processing station; Step 4, fast forward to safety clearance: Based on the two end face position information obtained in Step 2, the two processing heads (3) are fast forward synchronously to the position of the preset safety clearance value between the front end face of their respective spindles and the corresponding end face of the cylindrical roller; Step 5, Synchronous working drilling: The two machining heads (3) synchronously work at the preset drilling depth at the same feed speed to simultaneously perform center hole drilling on both ends of the cylindrical roller; Step 6, Rapid Retraction: The two processing heads (3) synchronously retract to their initial positions; Step 7, subsequent cylindrical roller loading and cyclic processing: Keep the adjustment mechanism (5) in the locked position unchanged, place the subsequent cylindrical rollers of the same batch one by one into the U-shaped opening (24) located at the loading and unloading station. The axial position of each subsequent cylindrical roller is limited by the two positioning plates (4) in the locked state. Drive the two clamping blocks (25) to cooperate with the inner end face of the closed end of the U-shaped opening (24) to clamp the subsequent cylindrical roller. Then repeat steps 3 to 6 until all cylindrical rollers of the same batch are processed.

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