A spot welding device for welding a side plate of a vehicle body

Abstract

The application discloses a spot welding device for carriage side plate welding and belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, which comprises a welding robot, a carrier rack, a first positioning assembly and a second positioning assembly, a plurality of support rods are arranged on the carrier rack in longitudinal and transverse distribution; the first positioning assembly is used for fixing the frame of the carriage side plate; and the second positioning assembly is used for fixing the panel and the support column. The transverse fixing unit and the longitudinal fixing unit are arranged to respectively complete the positioning of the two transverse beams and the two longitudinal beams of the carriage side plate; when the positioning rod is lifted, a plurality of sliding seats are driven to be lifted, so that the elastic pressing units arranged on the sliding seats can press the support column downward, two pressing parts symmetrically press the two ends of the support column, and two pulling units pull the panels on the two sides of the support column upward, so that the gap of the contact part of the panel and the support column is obviously reduced, thereby improving the spot welding quality and reducing welding defects in the welding process of the carriage side plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment technology, and more specifically to a spot welding device for welding the side panels of a vehicle body. Background Technology

[0002] The side panels of the carriage are welded together from multiple components, mainly including crossbeams, longitudinal beams, panels, and multiple support columns. The panels are generally cold-rolled steel sheets with reinforcing ribs, while the support columns are sheet metal parts cut to fit the reinforcing ribs. Two crossbeams and two longitudinal beams form the frame. Currently, welding equipment mostly involves manually positioning the workpieces, clamping them with universal fixtures, and then using a welding robot for welding. However, existing universal fixtures are mostly pressure-type, which leads to a larger gap between the panel and the support columns, resulting in poor contact between the edges of the support columns and the panel during welding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a spot welding device for welding the side panels of a vehicle body, which can position the frame, panel and support column before welding and reduce the gap between the panel and the support column.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a spot welding device for welding side panels of a vehicle body, including a welding robot, and further comprising: A storage rack, on which multiple support rods are arranged in a longitudinal and transverse manner; The first positioning component, used to fix the frame of the side panel of the carriage, includes a transverse guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail disposed on the lower side of the support rod. A transverse fixing unit for fixing the crossbeam and a longitudinal fixing unit for fixing the longitudinal beam are slidably installed on the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail, respectively. The second positioning component, used to fix the panel and support column, includes a positioning rod that is lifted and mounted on the shelf and multiple slide blocks that are slidably mounted on the positioning rod. The slide blocks are provided with an elastic pressing unit and two lifting units. The elastic pressing unit has at least two pressing parts for pressing the support column; the two lifting units are arranged on both sides of the elastic pressing unit for pulling the panels on both sides of the support column so that the panels abut against the support column.

[0005] Preferably, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the slide, and a connecting seat is fixed at the bottom of the rotating shaft. Two clamping plates that cooperate to open and close are symmetrically arranged on the connecting seat. The two pressing parts are slidably mounted on the connecting seat, and the line connecting the two pressing parts is perpendicular to the line connecting the two clamping plates.

[0006] Preferably, the pressing part includes: The pressing rod is movably inserted into the connecting seat, and the bottom of the pressing rod is provided with a spherical part; Spring 1, wherein the spring is mounted on the pressing rod between the spherical part and the connecting seat; A connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to two pressing rods.

[0007] Preferably, the two clamping plates are slidably mounted on the connecting seat, a rack is fixed on the clamping plate, a motor is fixed on the connecting seat, a gear is fixed on the output shaft of the motor, and the racks on the two clamping plates are located on both sides of the gear and mesh with the gear.

[0008] Preferably, a worm gear is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a worm gear meshing with the worm gear is rotatably mounted on the slide block. A handwheel is fixed on the worm gear. When the handwheel rotates, the worm gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the worm gear, thereby changing the position of the clamp and the pressing part.

[0009] Preferably, the lateral fixing unit includes: A slider is slidably mounted on a transverse guide rail, and a column is fixed on the slider; The first clamping block is slidably mounted on the column. The first clamping block is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part, and the first limiting part is perpendicular to the second limiting part. The second clamping block has a crossbar fixed on it, and the crossbar is movably inserted into the second limiting part. Spring 2, the spring 2 is sleeved on the crossbar between the second clamping block and the second limiting part; Spring 3, which is sleeved on the column between the first clamping block and the slider; A pressure sleeve is fitted onto the column on the upper side of the first clamping block. A connecting rod is hinged to the pressure sleeve, and the connecting rod is hinged to the crossbar. Spring four is sleeved on the column between the pressure sleeve and the first clamping block; The pressure cylinder, fixed on the slider, is used to drive the pressure sleeve to rise and fall.

[0010] Preferably, limit stops are provided on both the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail.

[0011] Preferably, the loading rack is provided with a longitudinal beam loading baffle and a transverse beam loading baffle, and the loading rack is provided with a positioning cylinder for driving the slider to move.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting unit includes a lifting electric push rod fixedly connected to the slide, and a suction cup is fixed to the movable end of the lifting electric push rod.

[0013] Preferably, the two ends of the rack are rotatably mounted on two flipping machines, which are used to flip the rack 180°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The transverse fixing unit and longitudinal fixing unit of this invention respectively position the two crossbeams and two longitudinal beams of the carriage side panel. When the positioning rod rises and falls, it drives multiple sliding blocks to rise and fall, which allows the elastic pressing units on the sliding blocks to press down on the support column. The two pressing parts symmetrically press the two ends of the support column, while the two lifting units pull the panels on both sides of the support column upward. This significantly reduces the gap between the panel and the support column, thereby improving the spot welding quality and reducing welding defects during the welding of the carriage side panel. The rotating shaft of this invention can be controlled to rotate by a handwheel. When the handwheel is turned, the worm gear drives the worm wheel, which in turn drives the rotating shaft to rotate, achieving adjustment of the rotating shaft angle while having a self-locking function. By rotating the rotating shaft, the orientation of the clamping plate and the pressing part can be changed, so that the second positioning component can still be used when welding the obliquely placed support column. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of a spot welding device for welding the side panels of a vehicle body, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the invention from a low angle.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage state of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the slide, elastic pressing unit, and lifting unit in this invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Loading rack; 11. Support rod; 12. Longitudinal beam loading baffle; 13. Crossbeam loading baffle; 14. Positioning cylinder; 15. Lifting electric push rod; 2. Transverse guide rail; 21. Transverse fixing unit; 211. Slider; 212. Column; 213. First clamping block; 2131. First limiting part; 2132. Second limiting part; 214. Second clamping block; 215. Crossbar; 216. Spring two; 217. Spring three; 218. Pressure sleeve; 2181. Connecting rod; 2182. Spring four; 219. Downward pressing cylinder 22. Limiting block; 3. Longitudinal guide rail; 31. Longitudinal fixing unit; 4. Positioning rod; 5. Slide; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Connecting seat; 53. Clamping plate; 54. Rack; 55. Motor; 56. Gear; 57. Worm gear; 58. Worm; 59. Handwheel; 6. Elastic pressing unit; 61. Pressing part; 611. Pressing rod; 612. Spherical part; 613. Spring 1; 614. Connecting plate; 7. Lifting unit; 71. Lifting electric push rod; 72. Suction cup; 8. Tilting machine; 9. Panel; 10. Support column. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a spot welding device for welding the side panels of a carriage, including a welding robot and a positioning mechanism used in conjunction with the welding robot, mainly including a carrier 1, a first positioning component and a second positioning component.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the shelf 1 is a rectangular frame structure, including multiple fixedly connected, crisscrossing support rods 11, with gaps between the support rods 11 to facilitate the installation of the first positioning component and the second positioning component. Two transverse guide rails 2 and one longitudinal guide rail 3 are fixed at the bottom of the shelf 1. The transverse guide rails 2 and the longitudinal guide rail 3 are perpendicular.

[0027] The first positioning component is used to precisely position and fix the frame of the side panel of the carriage (i.e., the rectangular frame formed by two crossbeams and two longitudinal beams). Two transverse fixing units 21 are symmetrically slidably installed on each transverse guide rail 2. Each transverse fixing unit 21 can move along the transverse guide rail 2 and is used to clamp the upper or lower crossbeam. Two longitudinal fixing units 31 are symmetrically slidably installed on the longitudinal guide rail 3. Their structure is the same as that of the transverse fixing units 21 and are used to clamp the left or right longitudinal beam.

[0028] To facilitate the correct positioning of the crossbeams or longitudinal beams, limit blocks 22 are slidably installed on both the transverse guide rail 2 and the longitudinal guide rail 3. The limit blocks 22 can be locked onto the transverse guide rail 2 or the longitudinal guide rail 3 with wing bolts, thereby limiting the movement range of the transverse fixing unit 21 and the longitudinal fixing unit 31. The rack 1 is equipped with longitudinal beam loading baffles 12 and transverse beam loading baffles 13 corresponding to the loading positions of the longitudinal and transverse beams, respectively, to facilitate quick centering and loading by workers. Positioning cylinders 14 are fixed on both the transverse guide rail 2 and the longitudinal guide rail 3. The movable end of the positioning cylinder 14 is connected to the transverse fixing unit 21 or the longitudinal fixing unit 31, driving the transverse fixing unit 21 or the longitudinal fixing unit 31 to move until it contacts the limit block 22.

[0029] In use, first place the crossbeam and longitudinal beam between the transverse feeding baffle and between the two longitudinal feeding baffles, respectively. Then, start the positioning cylinder 14 to drive the transverse fixing unit 21 and the longitudinal fixing unit 31 to move and position the transverse and longitudinal beams in the correct positions. Then, start the transverse fixing unit 21 and the longitudinal fixing unit 31 to clamp the crossbeam and longitudinal beam to ensure that the crossbeam and longitudinal beam do not shake.

[0030] The second positioning component is used to precisely position and fit the panel 9 and multiple support pillars 10 after the frame positioning is completed. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the shelf 1 has vertical rails fixed on both sides, and the two ends of a positioning rod 4 are slidably mounted on the two vertical rails respectively. Two lifting electric push rods 15 are fixed on the shelf 1, which are used to drive the two ends of the positioning rod 4 to move synchronously up and down along the vertical rails. Multiple slide blocks 5 are slidably mounted on the positioning rod 4 along its length, the number of slide blocks 5 being set according to the number of support columns 10. The position of the slide blocks 5 can be manually adjusted according to the actual distribution spacing of the support columns 10 and locked with bolts. The bottom of each slide block 5 is directly opposite the position of one support column 10 below it, and the slide block 5 is provided with an elastic pressing unit 6 and two lifting units 7 located on both sides of the elastic pressing unit 6.

[0031] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the elastic pressing unit 6 has two downwardly extending pressing parts 61. When the positioning rod 4 descends, the two pressing parts 61 first contact the upper surface of the support column 10 and symmetrically press the two ends of the support column 10, so that the support column 10 is pressed tightly against the panel 9 already placed in the frame. At the same time, the lifting units 7 located on both sides are activated, and their movable ends extend downward and attract or hook the panels 9 on both sides of the support column 10, lifting the panels 9 partially upward, so that the panels 9 are tightly attached to the side edges of the support column 10, thereby greatly eliminating the problem of excessive gap between the panels 9 and the support column 10 caused by traditional pressing clamps.

[0032] After all the crossbeams, longitudinal beams, panels 9, and support columns 10 are positioned and fitted, the welding robot performs spot welding on each point according to a pre-set trajectory. Because the panels 9 and support columns 10 fit tightly together, the quality of the welds is significantly improved, and defects such as incomplete welds, burn-through, and spatter are significantly reduced.

[0033] Example 2: Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 further proposes a specific design for the transverse fixing unit 21.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the transverse fixing unit 21 includes a slider 211 slidably mounted on the transverse guide rail 2, and a column 212 vertically fixed on the slider 211. A first clamping block 213 is slidably mounted on the column 212. A first limiting part 2131 and a second limiting part 2132 perpendicular to each other are formed on the first clamping block 213. The first limiting part 2131 is used to abut against the outer side of the crossbeam, and the second limiting part 2132 is used to abut against the upper surface of the crossbeam. A crossbar 215 is fixed on the second clamping block 214. The crossbar 215 is perpendicular to the column 212 and passes through the second limiting part 2132. The crossbar 215 can slide in the second limiting part 2132. A spring 216 is sleeved between the crossbar 215 and the second limiting part 2132, causing the second clamping block 214 to tend to move away from the second clamping part.

[0035] The first clamping block 213 is supported on the slider 211 by spring 3 217 and can float up and down along the column 212. A pressure sleeve 218 is fitted on the column 212 on the upper side of the first clamping block 213. A spring 4 2182 is fitted between the pressure sleeve 218 and the first clamping block 213. The bottom of the pressure sleeve 218 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder 219 fixed on the slider 211. A connecting rod 2181 is hinged to one side of the top of the pressure sleeve 218, and the other end of the connecting rod 2181 is hinged to the crossbar 215.

[0036] During operation, the downward-pressing cylinder 219 moves downward, driving the pressure sleeve 218 downward. The pressure sleeve 218 compresses the fourth spring 2182, causing the first clamping block 213 to move downward, thereby causing the second clamping part to elastically press against the upper surface of the crossbeam. When the pressure sleeve 218 moves downward, the second clamping block 214 moves through the connecting rod 2181 mechanism, cooperating with the first limiting part 2131 to complete the clamping of the inner and outer sides of the crossbeam, thus completing the positioning of the crossbeam. When it is necessary to release, the downward-pressing cylinder 219 moves upward, and the second spring 216 and the fourth spring 2182 work together to quickly reset the transverse fixing unit 21.

[0037] Example 3: Based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a more specific design for the elastic pressing unit 6 and the lifting unit 7.

[0038] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, a vertical rotating shaft 51 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the slide block 5 via a bearing, and a connecting seat 52 is fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft 51. Two clamping plates 53 are symmetrically slidably mounted on the connecting seat 52, and a rack 54 is fixed to each of the two clamping plates 53. A motor 55 is fixed to the connecting seat 52, and a gear 56 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 55. The gear 56 meshes with the racks 54 on both sides simultaneously, realizing the synchronous opening and closing of the two clamping plates 53. This is used to pre-position the upper end of the support column 10 before pressing, further improving the positioning accuracy. The position of the support column 10 is directly below the two clamping plates 53.

[0039] Two pressing rods 611 are symmetrically slidably inserted at both ends of the connecting seat 52. The bottom of each pressing rod 611 has a rubber spherical part 612 to increase the contact area and prevent scratching the workpiece. The upper part of the pressing rod 611 is fixedly connected by a connecting plate 614. A spring 613 is sleeved on the pressing rod 611 between the spherical part 612 and the connecting seat 52. The spring 613 ensures that the two spherical parts 612 always have a downward elastic pressing force. When the positioning rod 4 descends to a certain height, the two spherical parts 612 press against the support column 10 under the action of the spring 613. Since the support column 10 is usually elongated, the line connecting the two pressing parts 61 is perpendicular to the line connecting the two clamping plates 53. This allows the two clamping plates 53 to clamp the two sides of the support column 10 while the two pressing parts 61 are positioned precisely at both ends of the support column 10.

[0040] The lifting unit 7 includes a lifting electric push rod 71 fixedly connected to the slide 5. The lifting electric push rod 71 is perpendicular to the panel 9. A vacuum suction cup 72 is fixed to the extended end of the lifting electric push rod 71. When the lifting electric push rod 71 drives the vacuum suction cup 72 to press against the panel 9, the vacuum suction cup 72 can adsorb the panel 9. Then, the lifting electric push rod 71 pulls the vacuum suction cup 72 upward, thereby lifting the panels 9 on both sides of the support column 10, so that the panel 9 makes full contact with the side edges of the support column 10.

[0041] Considering that some carriage side panels use inclined support columns 10, this invention also fixes a worm gear 57 on the rotating shaft 51, and rotatably mounts a worm 58 that meshes with it on the side of the slide block 5. A handwheel 59 is fixed to the end of the worm 58. According to the required inclination angle of the support column 10, the operator rotates the handwheel 59, and the worm 58 drives the worm gear 57 to rotate the rotating shaft 51 together with the connecting seat 52, which can achieve an angle adjustment range of up to 0 to 90°. At the same time, the worm gear 57 and worm 58 mechanism has a self-locking function to ensure that the adjusted angle remains stable.

[0042] With the above settings, the two pressing parts 61 can always press symmetrically against the two ends of the support column 10, while the lifting units 7 on both sides can still accurately adhere to the edge of the panel 9, so as to achieve the fit between the inclined support column 10 and the panel 9.

[0043] The two ends of the carrier 1 are respectively rotated and installed on two synchronous flipping machines 8. After one side is welded, the flipping machine 8 can flip the entire carrier 1 along with the workpiece 180° to facilitate welding the other side and improve production efficiency.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A spot welding device for welding side panels of a vehicle body, comprising a welding robot, characterized in that, Also includes: A storage rack, on which multiple support rods are arranged in a longitudinal and transverse manner; The first positioning component, used to fix the frame of the side panel of the carriage, includes a transverse guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail disposed on the lower side of the support rod. A transverse fixing unit for fixing the crossbeam and a longitudinal fixing unit for fixing the longitudinal beam are slidably installed on the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail, respectively. The second positioning component, used to fix the panel and support column, includes a positioning rod that is lifted and mounted on the shelf and multiple slide blocks that are slidably mounted on the positioning rod. The slide blocks are provided with an elastic pressing unit and two lifting units. The elastic pressing unit has at least two pressing parts for pressing the support column; the two lifting units are arranged on both sides of the elastic pressing unit for pulling the panels on both sides of the support column so that the panels abut against the support column.

2. The spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the slide block, and a connecting seat is fixed at the bottom of the rotating shaft. Two clamping plates that cooperate to open and close are symmetrically arranged on the connecting seat. Two pressing parts are slidably mounted on the connecting seat, and the line connecting the two pressing parts is perpendicular to the line connecting the two clamping plates.

3. The spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing part includes: The pressing rod is movably inserted into the connecting seat, and the bottom of the pressing rod is provided with a spherical part; Spring 1, wherein the spring is mounted on the pressing rod between the spherical part and the connecting seat; A connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to two pressing rods.

4. A spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The two clamping plates are slidably mounted on the connecting seat. A rack is fixed on the clamping plate, and a motor is fixed on the connecting seat. A gear is fixed on the output shaft of the motor. The racks on the two clamping plates are located on both sides of the gear and mesh with the gear.

5. A spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A worm gear is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a worm that meshes with the worm gear is rotatably mounted on the slide. A handwheel is fixed on the worm. When the handwheel is rotated, the worm drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the worm gear, thereby changing the position of the clamp and the pressing part.

6. The spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral fixing unit includes: A slider is slidably mounted on a transverse guide rail, and a column is fixed on the slider; The first clamping block is slidably mounted on the column. The first clamping block is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part, and the first limiting part and the second limiting part are perpendicular to each other. The second clamping block has a crossbar fixed on it, and the crossbar is movably inserted into the second limiting part. Spring 2, the spring 2 is sleeved on the crossbar between the second clamping block and the second limiting part; Spring 3, which is sleeved on the column between the first clamping block and the slider; A pressure sleeve is fitted onto the column on the upper side of the first clamping block. A connecting rod is hinged to the pressure sleeve, and the connecting rod is hinged to the crossbar. Spring four is sleeved on the column between the pressure sleeve and the first clamping block; The pressure cylinder, fixed on the slider, is used to drive the pressure sleeve to rise and fall.

7. A spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting blocks are provided on both the transverse and longitudinal guide rails.

8. A spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading rack is equipped with a longitudinal beam loading baffle and a transverse beam loading baffle, and a positioning cylinder for driving the slider to move is also provided on the loading rack.

9. A spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting unit includes a lifting electric push rod fixedly connected to the slide, and a suction cup is fixed to the movable end of the lifting electric push rod.

10. A spot welding device for welding carriage side panels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the rack are rotatably mounted on two flipping machines, which are used to flip the rack 180°.

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