A concave diamond roller double laser space-time dislocation rotary cutting dressing device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a concave surface diamond roller double-laser space-time dislocation rotary cutting dressing device and method, relates to the technical field of superhard abrasive tool dressing, and comprises a double-laser emission unit, a beam transmission and combination unit, a rotary cutting module, a rotary main shaft and a motion control system. The method adopts infrared nanosecond and green light picosecond laser time-sharing composite processing: in the rough machining stage, the double laser is high-power and concurrent to efficiently remove materials; in the finishing stage, the rotary cutting module is used to keep the space dislocation distance of the two laser beams, and the time difference is formed by combining the roller rotation, so that the picosecond laser accurately removes the thermal damage left by the nanosecond laser. Meanwhile, the rotary cutting module outputs a high-speed self-rotating deflected laser beam, effectively avoiding the concave surface end face shielding and the inclined surface dispersion. The application completely solves the problems in the prior art, such as the difficulty in balancing the efficiency and quality, the serious thermal damage and the notch shielding effect, and realizes the integrated dressing of the high-precision, high-efficiency and low-damage concave surface large-diameter diamond roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of dressing superhard abrasive tools, and more specifically, to a device and method for dressing concave diamond rollers with dual laser spatiotemporal misalignment. Background Technology

[0002] Large-diameter diamond rollers with concave surfaces are core tools for the forming grinding of key components in high-end equipment such as aero-engine blade tenons and precision lead screws. Their dressing accuracy directly determines the final workpiece's machining quality. Currently, mainstream dressing technologies suffer from the following insurmountable drawbacks: Traditional mechanical dressing methods employ a hard-on-hard approach, resulting in severe tool wear, extremely high dressing costs, and difficulty in guaranteeing the micron-level high precision requirements of large-diameter diamond rollers. While single nanosecond laser dressing offers high processing efficiency, it suffers from severe thermal effects, leading to diamond graphitization, binder re-solidification, and thermal cracking. Furthermore, due to the unique groove shielding effect and forming surface dispersion effect of the concave surface, the direct laser beam is blocked by the roller end face, and the laser spot area on the inclined surface increases, resulting in a decrease in energy density and large contour angle deviations, making it difficult to further reduce linear errors. Although single picosecond laser dressing offers low thermal damage and high precision, its material removal efficiency is extremely low, failing to meet the removal requirements of thick material layers in large-diameter diamond rollers.

[0003] In summary, existing technologies struggle to address the issue of poor contour accuracy caused by unstable laser energy input in concave surface processing, and consistently face the technical bottleneck of balancing finishing efficiency with finishing quality (thermal damage, shape accuracy). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device and method for concave diamond rollers, aiming to solve the technical problems in existing trimming technologies, such as difficulty in balancing processing efficiency and trimming quality, severe thermal damage, and low contour accuracy caused by laser shielding effect and inclined plane dispersion effect in concave surface processing.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: to provide a concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device, the device comprising:

[0006] The dual laser emitting unit includes a green picosecond laser and an infrared fiber nanosecond laser arranged in parallel.

[0007] The beam transmission and combining unit is used to combine the laser outputs from the green picosecond laser and the infrared fiber nanosecond laser into a composite laser beam that is transmitted coaxially.

[0008] The rotary cutting module, mounted on the feed slide of the multi-axis motion platform, converts the coaxially transmitted composite laser beam into a high-speed rotating ring-shaped scanning laser beam around the central optical axis. It then splits and spatially misaligns the focused composite laser beam, outputting two parallel deflected laser beams. These two deflected laser beams are spatially misaligned when they strike the roller surface. ;

[0009] The rotating spindle is used to clamp the concave-faced large-diameter diamond rollers to be dressed and drive them to rotate at a constant speed.

[0010] The motion control system is electrically connected to the dual laser emitting unit, the rotary cutting module, the rotary spindle, and the multi-axis motion platform, respectively, and is used to coordinate and control the laser output parameters and the motion trajectory of each axis.

[0011] In any of the above technical solutions, the beam transmission and beam combining unit further includes:

[0012] The first beam expander is coaxially mounted at the output end of the green picosecond laser;

[0013] The second beam expander is coaxially mounted at the output end of the infrared fiber nanosecond laser.

[0014] The first reflecting mirror is used to deflect the green laser beam output from the first beam expander by 90° before it enters the beam combiner.

[0015] The first dichroic mirror is used to bend the infrared laser beam output from the second beam expander by 90° so that it is coaxially incident on the beam combiner with the green laser beam.

[0016] In any of the above technical solutions, the rotary cutting module is further provided with a second reflecting mirror, a third reflecting mirror, a rotating optical module, a focusing lens, a second dichroic mirror and a fourth reflecting mirror arranged sequentially along the optical path inside the module;

[0017] The composite laser beam output from the beam combiner is deflected by the second and third mirrors and then incident on the optical rotation module; the high-speed rotating composite laser beam output from the optical rotation module is focused by the focusing lens and then incident on the second dichroic mirror for beam splitting.

[0018] In any of the above technical solutions, the optical rotation module further includes, in sequence along the optical path, a half-wave plate, a wedge prism, a hollow motor, a Daowei prism, and a balancing mirror group;

[0019] A hollow motor drives the Daowei prism to rotate at high speed, which in turn causes the beam of light, after being deflected by the wedge prism, to rotate at high speed around the central optical axis. The rotation speed is independently adjusted by the motion control system.

[0020] In any of the above technical solutions, the second dichroic mirror further has the characteristics of transmitting infrared light and reflecting green light;

[0021] When the focused composite laser beam reaches the second dichroic mirror, the infrared nanosecond laser beam is directly transmitted to form the first processing beam, while the green picosecond laser beam is reflected 90° to the fourth mirror, and then reflected again by the fourth mirror to form the second processing beam. By adjusting the horizontal distance between the fourth mirror and the second dichroic mirror, a spatial misalignment is created between the first and second processing beams. .

[0022] In any of the above technical solutions, the device further includes: a high-speed blowing device, fixed on the outside of the light outlet of the rotary cutting module, with its nozzle aligned with the interaction area between the laser and the concave large-diameter diamond roller, for continuously spraying high-pressure dry nitrogen during the trimming process.

[0023] A method for a concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device based on any of the above technical solutions is also provided, the method comprising:

[0024] S1. By adjusting each reflector, ensure that the infrared nanosecond laser and the green picosecond laser are transmitted coaxially in the optical path from the beam combiner to the front end of the rotary cutting module. Install the concave large-diameter diamond roller to be trimmed on the rotating spindle and control the rotary cutting module to move to the processing position.

[0025] S2. In the roughing stage, the green picosecond laser and the infrared fiber nanosecond laser are controlled to output high-power pulsed lasers simultaneously. The strong thermal effect of the infrared nanosecond laser is used to melt and vaporize the binder, while the impact effect of the green picosecond laser is used to assist in breaking the diamond abrasive grains and removing the wear layer and shaping allowance on the roller surface.

[0026] S3. In the finishing stage, the output power of the two laser beams is reduced, and the rotary cutting module is used to maintain a spatial misalignment between the infrared nanosecond spot and the green picosecond spot in the rotation direction of the roller. As the roller rotates, a low-power infrared nanosecond laser preferentially removes the diamond-graphite layer and laser heat-affected layer generated during rough machining, after a time difference... Subsequently, a low-power green picosecond laser is used to remove residual laser thermal cracks and micro-defects from the preceding nanosecond laser using a cold processing method.

[0027] S4. During the above processing, the optical rotation module drives the composite laser beam to rotate at high speed, which, together with the constant speed rotation of the roller, generates a continuous spiral scanning trajectory on the roller surface, achieving full coverage finishing of the concave working surface of the roller.

[0028] In any of the above technical solutions, the method further includes:

[0029] S5. After completing the preset number of dressing cycles, turn off the laser and all motion units; check the contour accuracy and surface quality of the concave surface large-diameter diamond roller. If it is qualified, the dressing is completed; if it is not qualified, continue dressing until it is qualified.

[0030] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the time difference in step S3 ;

[0031] in, The spatial misalignment distance between the infrared nanosecond spot and the green picosecond spot in the direction of roller rotation. The linear velocity of the concave-surfaced large-diameter diamond roller in the processing area.

[0032] In any of the above technical solutions, further, in step S4, by precisely controlling the deflection radius and rotation speed of the deflecting laser beam, the laser scanning trajectory is made to match the inclined surface profile of the concave large-diameter diamond roller, so as to avoid the roller end face blocking the laser and the inclined surface dispersion, so that the laser beam spot area on the inclined surface of the roller is more focused.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] This invention designs a dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment coupling mechanism. In the roughing stage, the efficient thermal effect of an infrared nanosecond laser and the impact effect of a green picosecond laser are used to rapidly remove material, ensuring extremely high finishing efficiency. In the finishing stage, the dichroic mirror and reflector in the rotary cutting module are used to control the two laser beams to form a precise spatial misalignment distance on the roller surface. Combined with the constant speed rotation of the roller, this naturally translates into a physical time difference. This kinematic design allows the low-power picosecond laser at the rear to precisely remove the graphite layer and thermal cracks left by the nanosecond laser at the front, achieving a high-quality finished surface with no graphitization of diamond and no thermal cracks in the binder while ensuring finishing efficiency.

[0035] To address the issue of reduced energy density caused by the concave roller end face easily obstructing direct laser beams and the dispersed laser spot due to the inclined transition, this invention introduces a spin-cutting beam control technology. A coaxial laser beam is converted into a high-speed rotating deflected laser beam via a spin-rotating module (high-speed rotation of the Dowell prism), which, in conjunction with the roller rotation, forms a helical scanning trajectory. This deflected and rotating beam perfectly avoids the obstruction of the concave end face in physical space, completely solving the groove obstruction effect and forming surface dispersion effect present in traditional laser trimming. It fundamentally avoids material accumulation and excessively large trimming slopes, achieving high-precision machining with a contour accuracy ≤2μm and a linear error ≤2μm.

[0036] This invention employs all-laser non-contact processing, completely avoiding the problems of severe diamond tool wear and high dressing costs in traditional mechanical dressing. Simultaneously, through a motion control system that coordinates the dual lasers, the rotational speed of the optical module, the multi-axis motion platform, and the rotary spindle, it achieves fully automated matching of the processing trajectory and process parameters. It can flexibly adapt to concave rollers with different radii of curvature and diamond particle sizes, resulting in excellent process controllability and repeatability. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The advantages of the above and additional aspects of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood in the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal optical path and structural principle of the optical rotation module of the concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting trimming device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mechanism of removing the thermally damaged layer by the dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment machining of the concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting trimming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the influence mechanism and processing trajectory of the dual-laser composite rotary cutting and trimming of concave diamond rollers according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Among them, 1-green picosecond laser, 2-infrared fiber nanosecond laser, 3-first beam expander, 4-second beam expander, 5-first reflector, 6-first dichroic mirror, 7-beam combiner, 8-second reflector, 9-third reflector, 10-optical rotation module, 11-focusing lens, 12-second dichroic mirror, 13-fourth reflector, 14-high-speed air blowing device, 15-deflecting laser beam, 16-concave large-diameter diamond roller, 17-motion control system. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0044] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device for concave diamond rollers. This device employs a composite processing mode combining green picosecond laser and infrared nanosecond laser, integrating rotary cutting optical scanning technology with multi-axis collaborative control technology to achieve high-precision, low-damage online trimming of large-diameter concave diamond rollers. The device includes: a dual-laser emitting unit, a beam transmission and combining unit, a rotary cutting module, a multi-axis motion platform, and auxiliary units.

[0046] The dual laser emitting unit includes a green picosecond laser (1) and an infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2) arranged in parallel on an optical platform base. The green picosecond laser (1) is used to output an ultrashort pulse green laser beam, which utilizes its cold processing characteristics to achieve precise brittle removal of diamond abrasive grains, significantly reducing thermal damage and graphitization defects. Its output end is coaxially mounted with a first beam expander (3), which is used to collimate and expand the output green laser beam, compress the beam divergence angle, and improve the roundness and energy uniformity of the subsequent focused spot. The infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2) is used to output a long pulse infrared laser beam, which utilizes its thermal processing characteristics to achieve efficient melting and removal of the roller binder material, greatly improving the finishing efficiency. Its output end is connected to a second beam expander (4) through a flexible energy transmission fiber, which is used to collimate and expand the transmitted infrared laser beam to ensure that the spot size and transmission characteristics of the two laser beams are matched.

[0047] The beam transmission and combining unit is used to achieve coaxial transmission of two laser beams with different wavelengths. The collimated green laser beam output from the first beam expander (3) is perpendicularly incident on the beam combiner (7) after a 90° optical path reversal by the first reflector (5); the collimated infrared laser beam output from the second beam expander (4) is coaxially incident on the beam combiner (7) after a 90° optical path reversal by the first dichroic mirror (6). The beam combiner (7) combines the two laser beams with different wavelengths into a coaxially transmitted composite laser beam and outputs it to the rotary cutting module for subsequent scanning processing.

[0048] The rotary cutting module is an integrated optical processing unit, which is fixed to the Z-axis feed slide of the multi-axis motion platform by bolts and can move vertically with the slide. Inside the rotary cutting module, along the optical path, there are a second reflector (8), a third reflector (9), a rotator module (10), a focusing lens (11), a second dichroic mirror (12), and a fourth reflector (13). The coaxial composite laser beam output from the beam combiner (7) is vertically incident on the rotator module (10) after two 90° optical path bends by the second reflector (8) and the third reflector (9).

[0049] The optical rotation module (10) is used to convert the incident coaxial laser beam into a ring-shaped scanning laser beam that rotates at high speed around the central optical axis. Figure 2 As shown, the optical rotation module includes, in sequence along the optical path, a half-wave plate, a wedge prism, a hollow motor, a Dowell prism, and a balancing mirror assembly. Specifically, the half-wave plate is used to adjust the optical characteristics of the incident beam; the wedge prism is used to change the propagation direction of the beam, causing it to deflect at a certain angle; the hollow motor drives the internal Dowell prism to rotate at high speed, thereby causing the deflected beam to rotate at high speed around the central optical axis; the balancing mirror assembly is used to correct the centrifugal deviation of the beam during high-speed rotation, ensuring the stability of the beam output. The rotation speed of the optical rotation module (10) can be independently adjusted within the range of 0-10000 r / min by the motion control system (17).

[0050] Beam separation and spatial misalignment manipulation are the core optical path design of this device. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the high-speed rotating composite laser beam output by the optical rotation module (10) is focused by the focusing lens (11) and then incident downwards onto the second dichroic mirror (12). The second dichroic mirror (12) has the characteristics of transmitting infrared light and reflecting green light. When the composite laser beam reaches this point, the infrared nanosecond laser beam directly penetrates the second dichroic mirror (12) and continues to irradiate the roller surface downwards; while the green picosecond laser beam is reflected 90° by the second dichroic mirror (12) (becoming horizontal), and then irradiates the adjacent fourth reflector (13). After being reflected 90° again by the fourth reflector (13), it becomes downwards and irradiates the roller surface. In this way, the originally coaxial composite beam is separated into two parallel deflected laser beams (15). By adjusting the horizontal distance between the fourth reflector (13) and the second dichroic mirror (12), the spatial misalignment distance of these two beams on the roller surface can be precisely controlled. .

[0051] In terms of workpiece clamping and auxiliary control, the large-diameter diamond roller (16) on the concave surface to be dressed is fixed to the output end of the C-axis (rotary spindle of a multi-axis motion platform, i.e., the C-axis in the A, B, and C axes of CNC machine tools) rotary spindle through a high-precision positioning flange. The C-axis rotary spindle is directly driven by a high-precision servo motor, which can realize the constant speed stepless rotation of the diamond roller. The rotational motion of the roller, combined with the circumferential scanning motion of the deflection laser beam (15), forms a continuous spiral processing trajectory, realizing the full coverage dressing of the entire concave working surface of the roller. In addition, a high-speed air blowing device (14) is fixed on the outside of the light outlet of the rotary cutting module through an adjustable bracket. Its nozzle is precisely aligned with the action area of ​​the laser and the diamond roller, and is used to continuously spray high-pressure dry nitrogen during the dressing process to promptly blow away the diamond dust, binder slag and debris generated during processing, prevent dust from adhering and contaminating optical components such as focusing lenses, and at the same time remove the heat of the processing area, further suppressing the graphitization and thermal cracking of the diamond abrasive grains.

[0052] The entire device is coordinated and controlled by a motion control system (17). The system adopts an integrated architecture of an industrial control computer and a multi-axis motion control card, and is electrically connected to the drive motors of the green picosecond laser (1), the infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2), the optical rotation module (10), the C-axis rotary spindle motor, and the X, Y, and Z axis servo motors of the multi-axis motion platform. The motion control system (17) can realize coordinated matching control of laser output power, pulse repetition frequency, optical rotation scanning speed, roller rotation speed, and feed speed of each axis. Based on the three-dimensional contour dimensions of the diamond roller and the preset dressing accuracy requirements, it automatically generates the optimal processing trajectory and process parameters to complete the fully automated high-precision dressing operation.

[0053] Based on the aforementioned concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device, this invention also provides a processing method. This method employs time-division composite processing using infrared nanosecond lasers and green picosecond lasers, combined with high-speed rotary cutting scanning, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. First, by adjusting each reflector, ensure that the infrared nanosecond laser and the green picosecond laser are coaxially transmitted in the optical path from the beam combiner to the front end of the rotary cutting module, and determine the coordinates at this time in the CNC system as the matching reference coordinates of the two lasers. Then, install the concave large-diameter diamond roller (16) to be dressed on the C-axis rotating spindle. Start the motion control system (17) to control the multi-axis motion platform to drive the rotary cutting module to move, determine the axial processing position and radial cutting depth of the laser on the roller, and ensure that the laser focus is accurately placed on the surface to be dressed on the roller.

[0055] S2, the finishing process first enters the roughing stage. For example... Figure 3As shown, the motion control system (17) controls the green picosecond laser (1) and the infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2) to simultaneously output high-power pulsed lasers. The two lasers are combined with the optical rotation module (10) via the beam combiner (7) to form a coaxial composite high-energy-density deflected laser beam, and maintain the set spatial distance during final emission.

[0056] During this stage, high-power dual lasers simultaneously act on the rotating concave surface of a large-diameter diamond abrasive roller, fully leveraging the synergistic advantages of the two lasers: on the one hand, the strong thermal effect of the infrared nanosecond laser rapidly melts and vaporizes the binder; on the other hand, the impact effect of the green picosecond laser assists in breaking down the large-diameter diamond abrasive grains. The combination of these two lasers forms uniform ablation pits on the roller surface, achieving efficient material removal, rapidly peeling off the wear layer from the roller surface, and removing the shaping allowance.

[0057] S3. After rough machining is completed, the finishing stage begins. For example... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the motion control system (17) reduces the output power of the two laser beams and uses a low-power composite laser beam to scan and trim the rough-machined surface. The core of this stage is to use the spatiotemporal misalignment mechanism of the two laser beams to achieve non-destructive trimming.

[0058] The specific principle of the spatiotemporal misalignment mechanism is as follows: By adjusting the fourth reflecting mirror (13) and the second dichroic mirror (12) in the device, the infrared nanosecond light spot and the green picosecond light spot maintain a precise spatial distance in the rotation direction of the roller. Because the diamond roller moves at a certain linear velocity under the drive of the C-axis. Rotating at a constant speed, when a certain area to be processed on the roller surface first passes the infrared nanosecond laser spot in front, the low-power infrared nanosecond laser preferentially removes the diamond-graphite layer and laser heat-affected layer generated during rough processing; subsequently, as the roller continues to rotate, after a physical time difference... ( After that, the processing area rotates to be directly below the green picosecond laser spot behind it; at this time, the low-power green picosecond laser immediately and precisely removes the laser thermal cracks and micro-defects left by the preceding nanosecond laser in a cold processing manner.

[0059] This is caused by spatial misalignment ( The combination of roller rotation naturally transforms into a time misalignment. The ingenious design of the picosecond laser enables it to remove the thermal damage left by the nanosecond laser, ultimately resulting in a sharp, heat-damaged diamond abrasive grain with a sharp edge. This effectively solves the problems of severe thermal damage, abrasive grain passivation, and short service life associated with single nanosecond laser finishing.

[0060] S4. Throughout the entire finishing process (including roughing and finishing), such as Figure 4 As shown, the optical rotation module (10) drives the composite laser beam to rotate at high speed around the central optical axis, forming a high-speed rotating deflected laser beam; at the same time, the C-axis rotating spindle drives the concave surface large-diameter diamond roller to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis. The high-speed rotating deflected laser beam and the rotating roller form a composite motion, generating a continuous spiral scanning trajectory on the roller surface. By precisely controlling the deflection radius and rotation speed of the deflected laser beam, the inclined profile of the concave surface large-diameter diamond roller can be accurately matched, effectively avoiding the blocking of the laser by the roller end face in physical space, completely solving the groove blocking effect and forming surface dispersion effect existing in traditional laser trimming, and realizing full coverage trimming of the entire concave working surface of the roller.

[0061] While laser processing is being performed, a high-speed air blowing device (14) continuously sprays high-pressure dry nitrogen into the laser action area to promptly remove diamond dust, binder slag and debris generated during processing, preventing dust from adhering and contaminating optical components such as focusing lenses. At the same time, it removes heat from the processing area, further suppressing the graphitization of diamond abrasive grains and the generation of thermal cracks.

[0062] S5. After completing the preset number of dressing cycles, turn off the laser and all motion units. Inspect the contour accuracy and surface quality of the concave-surface large-diameter diamond roller. If it passes the test, the dressing is complete; if it fails, continue dressing until it passes. Ultimately, the grinding requirements of key components for high-end equipment are met.

[0063] In summary, this invention proposes a concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device, comprising:

[0064] The dual laser emitting unit includes a green picosecond laser 1 and an infrared fiber nanosecond laser 2 arranged in parallel.

[0065] The beam transmission and combining unit is used to combine the laser outputs from the green picosecond laser 1 and the infrared fiber nanosecond laser 2 into a coaxially transmitted composite laser beam.

[0066] The rotary cutting module, mounted on the feed slide of the multi-axis motion platform, converts the coaxially transmitted composite laser beam into a high-speed rotating ring-shaped scanning laser beam around the central optical axis. It also performs beam splitting and spatial misalignment control on the focused composite laser beam, outputting two parallel deflected laser beams 15. These two deflected laser beams 15 are spatially misaligned when they irradiate the roller surface. .

[0067] The rotating spindle is used to clamp the concave-faced large-diameter diamond roller 16 to be dressed and drive it to rotate at a constant speed.

[0068] The motion control system 17 is electrically connected to the dual laser emitting unit, the rotary cutting module, the rotary spindle, and the multi-axis motion platform, respectively, and is used to coordinate and control the laser output parameters and the motion trajectory of each axis.

[0069] A method for spin cutting and trimming based on the above-mentioned concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment device is also provided, comprising:

[0070] S1. By adjusting each reflector, ensure that the infrared nanosecond laser and the green picosecond laser are coaxially transmitted in the optical path from the beam combiner 7 to the front end of the rotary cutting module. Install the concave large-diameter diamond roller 16 to be trimmed on the rotating spindle and control the rotary cutting module to move to the processing position.

[0071] S2. In the roughing stage, the green picosecond laser 1 and the infrared fiber nanosecond laser 2 are controlled to output high-power pulsed lasers simultaneously. The strong thermal effect of the infrared nanosecond laser is used to melt and vaporize the binder, while the impact effect of the green picosecond laser is used to assist in breaking the diamond abrasive grains and removing the wear layer and shaping allowance on the roller surface.

[0072] S3. In the finishing stage, the output power of the two laser beams is reduced, and the rotary cutting module is used to maintain a spatial misalignment between the infrared nanosecond spot and the green picosecond spot in the rotation direction of the roller. As the roller rotates, a low-power infrared nanosecond laser preferentially removes the diamond-graphite layer and laser heat-affected layer generated during rough machining, after a time difference... Subsequently, a low-power green picosecond laser is used to remove residual laser thermal cracks and micro-defects from the preceding nanosecond laser using a cold processing method.

[0073] S4. During the above processing, the optical rotation module 10 drives the composite laser beam to rotate at high speed, which, together with the constant speed rotation of the roller, generates a continuous spiral scanning trajectory on the roller surface, thereby achieving full coverage finishing of the concave working surface of the roller.

[0074] S5. After completing the preset number of dressing cycles, turn off the laser and all motion units; check the contour accuracy and surface quality of the concave surface large-diameter diamond roller. If it is qualified, the dressing is completed; if it is not qualified, continue dressing until it is qualified.

[0075] The steps in this invention can be adjusted, combined, or deleted according to actual needs.

[0076] The units in the device of the present invention can be merged, divided, or reduced according to actual needs.

[0077] In this invention, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] The shapes of the components in the accompanying drawings are schematic and may differ from their actual shapes. The drawings are only used to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0079] Although the invention has been disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the application of the invention. The scope of protection of the invention is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations, and equivalents made to the invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device, characterized in that, The device includes: The dual laser emitting unit includes a green picosecond laser (1) and an infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2) arranged in parallel. A beam transmission and combining unit is used to combine the laser output from a green picosecond laser (1) and an infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2) into a coaxially transmitted composite laser beam. The rotary cutting module, located on the feed slide of the multi-axis motion platform, is used to convert the coaxially transmitted composite laser beam into a ring-shaped scanning laser beam that rotates at high speed around the central optical axis. It also performs beam splitting and spatial misalignment control on the focused composite laser beam, outputting two parallel deflected laser beams (15). The two deflected laser beams (15) have a spatial misalignment distance when they irradiate the roller surface. ; A rotating spindle is used to clamp the concave-shaped large-diameter diamond roller (16) to be dressed and drive it to rotate at a constant speed. The motion control system (17) is electrically connected to the dual laser emitting unit, the rotary cutting module, the rotary spindle and the multi-axis motion platform, respectively, and is used to coordinate the control of laser output parameters and motion trajectories of each axis.

2. The concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beam transmission and beam combining unit includes: The first beam expander (3) is coaxially mounted at the output end of the green picosecond laser (1); The second beam expander (4) is coaxially mounted at the output end of the infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2); The first reflector (5) is used to bend the green laser beam output from the first beam expander (3) by 90° and then direct it into the beam combiner (7). The first dichroic mirror (6) is used to bend the infrared laser beam output by the second beam expander (4) by 90° and then coaxially incident it onto the beam combiner (7) with the green laser beam.

3. The concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary cutting module is provided with a second reflector (8), a third reflector (9), a rotating optical module (10), a focusing lens (11), a second dichroic mirror (12), and a fourth reflector (13) arranged sequentially along the optical path. The composite laser beam output by the beam combiner (7) is incident on the optical rotation module (10) after being deflected by the second reflector (8) and the third reflector (9); the high-speed rotating composite laser beam output by the optical rotation module (10) is focused by the focusing lens (11) and then incident on the second dichroic mirror (12) for beam splitting.

4. The concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The optical rotation module (10) includes, in sequence along the optical path, a half-wave plate, a wedge prism, a hollow motor, a Daowei prism, and a balancing mirror group; The hollow motor drives the Daowei prism to rotate at high speed, which in turn causes the beam of light deflected by the wedge prism to rotate at high speed around the central optical axis. The rotation speed is independently adjusted by the motion control system (17).

5. The concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second dichroic mirror (12) has the characteristics of transmitting infrared light and reflecting green light; When the focused composite laser beam reaches the second dichroic mirror (12), the infrared nanosecond laser beam is directly transmitted to form the first processing beam, and the green picosecond laser beam is reflected 90° to the fourth mirror (13). After being reflected 90° again by the fourth mirror (13), it forms the second processing beam. By adjusting the horizontal distance between the fourth mirror (13) and the second dichroic mirror (12), the first processing beam and the second processing beam are spatially misaligned. .

6. The concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a high-speed blowing device (14), which is fixed on the outside of the light outlet of the rotary cutting module. Its nozzle is aligned with the interaction area of ​​the laser and the concave large-diameter diamond roller (16) and is used to continuously spray high-pressure dry nitrogen during the trimming process.

7. A method for a concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device based on claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. By adjusting each reflector, ensure that the infrared nanosecond laser and the green picosecond laser are coaxially transmitted in the optical path from the beam combiner (7) to the front end of the rotary cutting module. Install the concave large-diameter diamond roller (16) to be trimmed on the rotating spindle and control the rotary cutting module to move to the processing position. S2. In the roughing stage, the green picosecond laser (1) and the infrared fiber nanosecond laser (2) are controlled to output high-power pulsed lasers simultaneously. The strong thermal effect of the infrared nanosecond laser is used to melt and vaporize the binder. At the same time, the impact effect of the green picosecond laser is used to assist in breaking the diamond abrasive particles and removing the wear layer and shaping allowance on the roller surface. S3. In the finishing stage, the output power of the two laser beams is reduced, and the rotary cutting module is used to maintain a spatial misalignment between the infrared nanosecond spot and the green picosecond spot in the rotation direction of the roller. As the roller rotates, a low-power infrared nanosecond laser preferentially removes the diamond-graphite layer and laser heat-affected layer generated during rough machining, after a time difference... Subsequently, a low-power green picosecond laser is used to remove residual laser thermal cracks and micro-defects from the preceding nanosecond laser using a cold processing method. S4. During the above processing, the optical rotation module (10) drives the composite laser beam to rotate at high speed, which, together with the constant speed rotation of the roller, generates a continuous spiral scanning trajectory on the surface of the roller, thereby achieving full coverage finishing of the concave working surface of the roller.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: S5. After completing the preset number of dressing cycles, turn off the laser and all motion units; check the contour accuracy and surface quality of the concave surface large-diameter diamond roller. If it is qualified, the dressing is completed; if it is not qualified, continue dressing until it is qualified.

9. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The time difference in step S3 ; in, The spatial misalignment distance between the infrared nanosecond spot and the green picosecond spot in the direction of roller rotation. The linear velocity of the concave-surface large-diameter diamond roller (16) in the processing area.

10. The concave diamond roller dual-laser spatiotemporal misalignment rotary cutting and trimming device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, by precisely controlling the deflection radius and rotation speed of the deflecting laser beam (15), the laser scanning trajectory is matched with the inclined profile of the concave large-diameter diamond roller (16) to avoid the roller end face blocking the laser and the inclined surface dispersion, so that the laser beam spot area on the inclined surface of the roller is more focused.

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